[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":3869},["ShallowReactive",2],{"page-config-/news":3,"news-posts":38},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"description":10,"extension":13,"hero":14,"meta":32,"navigation":15,"path":33,"sections":34,"seo":35,"stem":36,"__hash__":37},"pages/pages/news.md","News",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":9},"minimark",[],{"title":10,"searchDepth":11,"depth":11,"links":12},"",2,[],"md",{"showHero":15,"title":16,"badge":17,"description":18,"image":19,"imageCredit":20,"backgroundImage":21,"links":22},true,"Recent News & Updates","Latest Posts","Stay updated with the latest news, events, interviews, and videos from our community.","/images/news.webp","Sebastian Pfütze","/images/news-hero-bg.png",[23,28],{"label":24,"to":25,"target":26,"type":27},"Subscribe","https://mailchi.mp/4337f0e3e319/9262kjy9ck","_blank","primary",{"label":29,"to":30,"type":31},"Contact Us","/contact","secondary",{},"/pages/news",null,{"description":10},"pages/news","ATWPyIzBfpLDxYvll1Bbm4TfPyhAWlstJxCQJDVTKxs",[39,63,78,94,115,134,151,166,184,200,216,235,252,266,284,301,318,333,351,365,385,401,416,430,445,459,475,493,510,525,540,555,571,585,600,616,631,645,662,679,696,710,724,742,758,774,788,802,817,832,848,863,877,892,910,924,941,958,974,991,1005,1020,1036,1052,1068,1083,1097,1111,1125,1139,1153,1167,1181,1195,1209,1223,1237,1251,1265,1279,1293,1307,1321,1335,1349,1364,1378,1392,1406,1420,1434,1448,1462,1476,1493,1507,1521,1535,1549,1563,1577,1591,1606,1620,1634,1648,1662,1677,1693,1707,1722,1736,1750,1764,1778,1792,1806,1820,1834,1848,1862,1876,1890,1904,1918,1933,1947,1961,1975,1989,2003,2017,2031,2044,2058,2072,2086,2100,2114,2128,2142,2156,2170,2184,2199,2213,2226,2240,2254,2269,2283,2297,2312,2326,2340,2354,2368,2382,2396,2410,2424,2438,2452,2466,2480,2494,2508,2522,2536,2549,2563,2577,2591,2605,2619,2633,2647,2660,2673,2687,2701,2715,2729,2742,2756,2770,2783,2797,2811,2825,2839,2852,2866,2880,2894,2908,2922,2936,2950,2964,2978,2992,3006,3020,3033,3047,3060,3074,3088,3102,3116,3130,3144,3158,3170,3183,3196,3209,3222,3235,3249,3263,3276,3289,3302,3315,3328,3342,3356,3370,3384,3398,3412,3426,3440,3454,3468,3482,3496,3510,3523,3537,3551,3565,3579,3593,3606,3620,3633,3646,3660,3674,3687,3700,3713,3727,3740,3754,3767,3780,3794,3806,3817,3830,3843,3856],{"id":40,"title":41,"author":42,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":43,"body":34,"category":44,"date":45,"description":46,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":41,"image":49,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":50,"meta":51,"navigation":15,"path":52,"registrationLink":34,"seo":53,"slug":54,"startTime":34,"stem":55,"tags":56,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":62},"blogposts/blogposts/recapping-monthly-developments-in-data-ai-and-emerging-technologies-data-stewardship-trends-to-watch.json","Recapping Monthly Developments in Data, AI and Emerging Technologies | Data Stewardship Trends to Watch ","Paulina Behluli",[],"blog","2026-06-19T12:00:00","The Data Tank and The GovLab, in a call hosted by Stefaan Verhulst, organized the second Data Stewardship Trends to Watch session for 2026. \n\nThe Trends to Watch series brings together our global Data Stewards alumni every two months to explore and discuss the latest developments shaping the data stewardship landscape.\n\nFrom the value of data and digital sovereignty to licensing regimes that could unlock data's untapped potential, the June session offered a vivid reminder of just how dynamic, complex, and crucial the data stewardship ecosystem has become. \n","json",false,"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/bc1cdd8f-bdfd-414d-a09e-284ac3a76bf6","\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The Data Tank and The GovLab, in a call hosted by Stefaan Verhulst, organized the second Data Stewardship Trends to Watch session for 2026. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The Trends to Watch series brings together our global Data Stewards alumni every two months to explore and discuss the latest developments shaping the data stewardship landscape.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">From the value of data and digital sovereignty to licensing regimes that could unlock data's untapped potential, the June session offered a vivid reminder of just how dynamic, complex, and crucial the data stewardship ecosystem has become. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Check out a recording of the full conversation \u003Ca href=\"https://youtu.be/zjCkQVO0bHU\">here\u003C/a>. The following resources were discussed during the session:\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch1 dir=\"ltr\">Focus on Value: \u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The (Missing) Value of Data\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.nber.org/papers/w35266\">The Missing Value of Data\u003C/a> is a new paper published by the National Bureau of Economic Research that treats data as an asset (measuring its volume based on the quality of firms’ revenue forecasts, and endogenously determining its depreciation). The data value is then capitalized and the paper explores what the measured GDP would be if data was treated similarly to a physical asset. The findings suggest that the aggregate value of data is about 1.5% of GDP. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.economist.com/finance-and-economics/2026/05/04/bad-government-statistics-can-cost-the-economy-billions\">Bad government statistics can cost the economy billions\u003C/a> describes a study that attempts to put a number on the value of reliable numbers. Declining response rates to key American government surveys hamper the accuracy of official statistics. As such, poor government data collection can lead to significant economic costs by undermining the reliability of labor and expenditure statistics critical for policymaking. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.digitalisleofman.com/data-asset-foundations/\">Data Asset Foundations\u003C/a> launched by the Isle of Man Government represents another important initiative treating data as an asset. It proposes the first legal and operational framework specifically designed to treat data as a capital asset—enabling businesses to recognise, govern, register, and unlock the value of their data within a trusted statutory structure. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch1 dir=\"ltr\">Focus on Data Winter: \u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Data at a crossroads\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.paris21.org/knowledge-base/data-systems-crossroads-official-statistics-new-era\">Data Systems at a Crossroads: Official Statistics for a New Era\u003C/a> is a paper by PARIS21 that argues that the statistical community is at a crossroads with the developments in the space. Incremental adjustment alone may no longer be sufficient. The paper provides a framework to facilitate informed debate among all stakeholders of official statistics as they chart a course towards more sustainable and inclusive data systems. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2026-satellite-imagery-restrictions-iran/\">Where Did the Middle East Go? Satellite Imaging in the Fog of War\u003C/a> is a piece published on Bloomberg that reports on satellite imaging operations stopping with the request of the US government that all satellite imagery providers “voluntarily implement an indefinite withholding” of imagery retroactive to March 9 across a broad swath of the Middle East. The model then changed to a “managed access model” evaluating requests on a case-by-case basis. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.gadgetreview.com/23-major-news-sites-have-blocked-the-wayback-machine-digital-history-in-danger\">23 Major News Sites Have Blocked the Wayback Machine – Digital History In Danger \u003C/a>is another piece published on Gadget that addresses the data winter phenomenon. Twenty-three major news outlets, including the New York Times and over 200 USA Today properties, have blocked the Internet Archive's Wayback Machine from preserving their content, citing concerns about AI training and copyright. The move threatens one of the most important tools for digital accountability: the Wayback Machine has historically been used to expose quiet editorial changes, verify claims, and preserve public records. Some of the outlets blocking the Archive have themselves relied on it for investigative journalism. With no comparable public alternative, the growing trend raises serious questions about who controls digital history and on what terms.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2026/jun/02/trump-administration-ocean-observatories-initiative\">Dismay as Trump officials to dismantle key ocean monitoring\u003C/a> system is a piece published in The Guardian that reports the Trump administration plans to dismantle a $368m deep-sea observation system that has for more than a decade provided crucial data on ocean systems and climate change. In a \u003Ca href=\"https://oceanobservatories.org/2026/05/announcement-on-ooi-descoping/\">notice\u003C/a>, the National Science Foundation (NSF) announced that it had “initiated descoping of the Ocean Observatories Initiative” (OOI), a vast ocean observation network comprising more than 900 instruments that collect data on ocean health, including current patterns, climate variability and marine biodiversity.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://time.com/article/2026/05/06/are-we-entering-the-age-of-data-nihilism-/\">Are We Entering the Age of Data Nihilism?\u003C/a> This isanother thought-provoking piece that questions whether we are entering the age of data nihilism. It acknowledges the fact that digital traces (photos, search queries, and more) are the raw material fueling the AI revolution and powering technologies that are reshaping our world, yet for the people creating it, this data has become functionally worthless. It raises points on the average internet user not thinking about the value of their data and instead giving it away to some of the wealthiest companies in the world for free. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch1 dir=\"ltr\">Focus on Unlocking the Value (Licensing): \u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong> \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.projectsbyif.com/work/public-sector-information\">Unlocking the value of public sector information\u003C/a> is an initiative by Projects by IF that developed a UK Government Licensing Framework (GLF) to enable the right conditions for public sector information re-use. The Open Government Licence shares the same simple ambition as the influential Creative Commons Attribution Licence: anyone can re-use public sector information in almost any way they choose, as long as they attribute it.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/2026/05/13/from-signals-to-infrastructure-strengthening-the-commons-for-the-ai-era/\">From Signals to Infrastructure: Strengthening the Commons for the AI Era\u003C/a> is a piece by Creative Commons that unfolds CC’s plans amidst the AI Era. The CC signals framework is advancing several high-impact interventions and aims to embed public interest values into the AI knowledge ecosystem by: \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"2\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Helping people make informed decisions in the current moment \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"2\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Making Attribution the Norm in AI\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"2\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Building New Tooling that Protects Public Interest Uses while Restoring Agency \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://openfuture.eu/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/260421_NOODL-An-innovation-in-open-data-licensing.pdf\">NOODL: An experiment in equitable data licensing: promise and limits\u003C/a> is a recent publication by Open Future that analyses the Nwulite Obodo Open Data License (NOODL), a tiered licensing framework developed for African language datasets, as an experiment in open data licensing and a contribution to emerging approaches to data commons governance.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch1 dir=\"ltr\">Focus on Data Supply: \u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong> \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://md4c.socialurban.net/\">Mobility Data for Communities (MD4C)\u003C/a> is an NSF-funded data platform that makes large-scale mobility insights accessible to communities and community organizations across Massachusetts. The platform provides aggregated, anonymized data on how people move through cities supporting evidence-based decision making without compromising individual privacy. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.federaldatafieldguide.us/\">The Federal Data Field Guide\u003C/a> is developed by UC Berkeley in collaboration with partners and serves as a guide to provide a broader context for federal data users and stakeholders to consider a broader range of data types in their research and advocacy. This guide is organized into eight primary categories of federal data, each representing distinct collection methods, policy frameworks, and use cases. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.sdruk.ukri.org/2026/05/19/sdr-uk-launches-new-data-catalogue/\">SDR UK launches new data catalogue\u003C/a> is an announcement about the new data catalogue that was launched by Smart Data Research UK making it easier than ever for researchers to find and access smart datasets from across our six data services. The (beta) catalogue brings together datasets covering finance, energy, transport, health, imagery and more in one searchable place. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://huggingscience.co/#/\">The Home of AI for Science\u003C/a> is an open-science initiative connected to Hugging Face focused on AI for scientific research (“AI4Science”). It acts as a curated hub for datasets, models, benchmarks, tools, blog posts, and community projects across fields like biology, chemistry, physics, medicine, and materials science. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10584609.2026.2664157\">Finally, Access: How Article 40 DSA Changes Platform Research in Practice\u003C/a> is a research exploring EU’s Digital Services Act (Article 40) on access to platform data for researchers in the public interest. While early implementation has exposed challenges around compliance and technical standards, the DSA marks a fundamental shift: platform accountability in Europe is now grounded in regulation, not corporate discretion.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch1 dir=\"ltr\">Focus on Sovereignty and Stewardship: \u003C/h1>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_26_1187\">Commission proposes tech sovereignty package to strengthen Europe's digital autonomy and resilience\u003C/a> was also discussed as one of the most recent EU proposals in light of digital and data sovereignty debate. The European Technological Sovereignty Package is a set of measures to strengthen Europe's capacity in semiconductors, artificial intelligence (AI), cloud and open source.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/te-manu-korihi/596199/maori-owned-data-storage-network-hailed-as-significant-step-towards-data-sovereignty\">Māori-owned data storage network hailed as significant step towards data sovereignty\u003C/a> is a recent initiative designed by Te Kāhui Raraunga that aims to develop a decentralized data storage network to protect and empower the Māori community. The project was built on open source technology and led by Māori scientists, Māori engineers and grounded in tikanga Māori, she said.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.niaa.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/2024-05/framework-governance-indigenous-data.pdf\">Framework for Governance of Indigenous Data\u003C/a> is another important development in digital sovereignty. Recognising the importance of data for self-determination, the Framework for Governance of Indigenous Data (the Framework) provides a stepping stone towards greater awareness and acceptance by Australian Government agencies of the principles of Indigenous Data Sovereignty. The Framework aims to provide Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people greater agency over how their data are governed within the Australian Public Service (APS) so government held data better reflects their priorities and aspirations.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://digitalgood.net/work/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/LivingWell_Web-2.pdf\">Living well with data Stewardship as a just and viable paradigm\u003C/a> is another recent report that puts forward a “mental model” thinking on data governance. Mental models are believed to shape our sense of what problems are noticed and what solutions to these problems are feasible and possible. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cpvxgl3n138o\">UK Biobank health data listed for sale in China, government confirms\u003C/a> is a news piece published by BBC that reports on the medical information of 500,000 participants of one of the UK’s landmark UK Biobank, were offered for sale online in China, the government has confirmed. Technology minister Ian Murray said information of all members of the database was found listed for sale on the website Alibaba.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch1 dir=\"ltr\">Updates: Recent Updates and Publications\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong> \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Finally, to conclude the session, we updated the group on some recent publications and updates sharing the ones below: \u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.jmir.org/2026/1/e85540\">Nontraditional Data in Pandemic Preparedness and Response: Identifying and Addressing First- and Last-Mile Challenges\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/from-covid-19-to-hantavirus-and-ebola-why-access-to-non-traditional-data-remains-a-critical-gap-in-937552c3d07b\">From COVID-19 to Hantavirus and Ebola: Why Access to Non-Traditional Data Remains a Critical Gap in Outbreak Preparedness\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/the-context-loop-04d473545909\">The Context Loop\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/63bd953ecb882b8e559c1614/6a0b38fae86b009d3027b07e_LitReview%20Media%20and%20GenAI%20DataTank%20May18.pdf\">Media, Democracy and Generative AI: A Critical Juncture\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/technology-peace-and-human-dignity-reflections-on-the-relevance-of-magnifica-humanitas-for-ed63e7b75494?postPublishedType=repub\">Technology, Peace, and Human Dignity: Reflections on the Relevance of Magnifica Humanitas for PeaceTech\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/data-centers-need-a-social-license-to-operate-a7b136fea748\">Data Centers Need a Social License to Operate \u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Interested to learn more about data stewardship trends? Sign up for the Data Stewards Network mailing \u003Ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/go1HQH\">at this link\u003C/a>. Or contact \u003Ca href=\"mailto:contact@datastewards.net\">contact@datastewards.net\u003C/a> to learn more.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/recapping-monthly-developments-in-data-ai-and-emerging-technologies-data-stewardship-trends-to-watch",{"title":41,"description":46},"recapping-monthly-developments-in-data-ai-and-emerging-technologies-data-stewardship-trends-to-watch","blogposts/recapping-monthly-developments-in-data-ai-and-emerging-technologies-data-stewardship-trends-to-watch",[57,58,59,60,61],"datastewardship","ai","data","datareuse","opendata","lXT8pPNHz14K18dbfe-xz-HwcMoX6YN0kUIU9wW_ehs",{"id":64,"title":65,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":67,"body":34,"category":44,"date":68,"description":69,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":65,"image":70,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":71,"meta":72,"navigation":15,"path":73,"registrationLink":34,"seo":74,"slug":75,"startTime":34,"stem":76,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":77},"blogposts/blogposts/new-commons-incubator-launches-to-support-indigenous-led-language-and-cultural-data-commons-in-the-age-of-ai.json","New Commons Incubator Launches to Support Indigenous-Led Language and Cultural Data Commons in the Age of AI","The GovLab",[],"2026-06-18T03:00:00","The Incubator is a capacity-building initiative that provides mentorship, training, technical guidance, and proposal development support. Participants will receive an in-person opportunity to collaborate and network with other participants...","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/d7dff816-1ea2-4047-8ca0-b6bf146d6da1","\u003Ch1 dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong id=\"docs-internal-guid-eb1e229d-7fff-32d1-6f13-79c942294560\">New Commons Incubator Launches to Support Indigenous-Led Language and Cultural Data Commons in the Age of AI\u003C/strong>\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">NEW YORK CITY, NEW YORK — As artificial intelligence increasingly relies on language and cultural data, Indigenous communities face unprecedented opportunities and significant risks. While Indigenous languages and cultural knowledge can help shape more inclusive digital futures, too often communities have limited influence over how their data is collected, governed, used, or shared.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">To address this challenge, The GovLab, Microsoft, and UNESCO are launching the \u003Ca href=\"https://newcommons.ai/\">New Commons Incubator for Indigenous Languages and Culture\u003C/a>, a new initiative designed to support Indigenous-led efforts to develop data commons that preserve, steward, and responsibly govern language and cultural resources in the AI era.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/data-commons-for-ai-blueprint.pdf\">Data commons\u003C/a> are shared governance frameworks that enable communities to collectively decide how their data is managed, accessed, and used while ensuring that benefits flow back to the communities themselves. By supporting the development of Indigenous-led data commons, the Incubator seeks to strengthen community agency, support language revitalization, and ensure that Indigenous peoples can participate in shaping the future of AI on their own terms.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The Incubator is a capacity-building initiative that provides mentorship, training, technical guidance, and proposal development support. Participants will receive an in-person opportunity to collaborate and network with other participants, followed by six months of workshops, one-on-one clinics, expert mentorships, and peer learning opportunities. The program is designed to help teams prepare stronger proposals and will end with a final showcase where participants present these to potential funders, partners, and collaborators.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The goal is not to create data commons directly but to equip Indigenous innovators and communities with the tools, governance frameworks, partnerships, and implementation strategies needed to transform promising ideas into actionable and fundable initiatives.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong> \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Building on Past Success\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The Incubator builds upon the success of the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.newcommons.ai/blog/advancing-data-governance-for-ai-innovation-insights-from-the-2025-new-commons-challenge-event\">2025 New Commons Challenge\u003C/a>, a global effort to advance new models of data stewardship and collective governance.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The Challenge attracted more than 175 submissions from around the world, revealing a growing demand for approaches that enable communities to govern and benefit from their own data. A significant number of proposals focused on Indigenous languages and cultural knowledge, highlighting both the urgency of preservation and the opportunity to ensure these resources are stewarded responsibly in the age of AI.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Many proposals demonstrated tremendous promise but required additional support to become operational, sustainable, and investment-ready. The New Commons Incubator was created to address that need by helping participants refine governance models, strengthen technical and organizational foundations, and develop implementation roadmaps capable of attracting long-term support.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The initiative also contributes to the goals of the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.unesco.org/en/decades/indigenous-languages\">International Decade of Indigenous Languages\u003C/a> (2022–2032), which seeks to preserve, revitalize, and promote Indigenous languages worldwide.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong> \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Calling interested communities to apply\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The Incubator begins with an open call for applications running from June 18 to August 14, 2026.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Applications must be Indigenous-led, demonstrate institutional or community support, and have a clear commitment to ensuring that benefits generated through the initiative are shared with Indigenous communities.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Interested applicants will submit concept notes outlining their vision, use case, and governance approach. Submissions will be reviewed by an international panel of Indigenous experts and leaders according to four criteria:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Opportunity\u003C/strong>: What challenge or use case does the proposal address?\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Community Relevance\u003C/strong>: How does the initiative serve Indigenous communities and priorities?\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Resources and Readiness\u003C/strong>: What assets, partnerships, and capabilities are available to support implementation?\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Team\u003C/strong>: Who will participate in and lead the work?\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Five to six teams will be selected to participate in the Incubator and receive dedicated support over several months to transform their concepts into robust and actionable proposals.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">A Coalition of Support\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The New Commons Incubator is made possible through the support of The GovLab, Microsoft, and UNESCO, together with a global steering committee of Indigenous leaders, practitioners, and experts.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Stefaan Verhulst, Co-Founder and Chief Research and Development Officer of The GovLab, said:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>\"For too long, communities have been asked to contribute data without having meaningful influence over how that data is used, governed, or who benefits from it. The New Commons Incubator is about moving from extraction to stewardship and from participation to agency. We want Indigenous communities to help shape the future of AI, not simply be subjects of it. By supporting Indigenous-led data commons, we hope to advance new models of digital self-determination that ensure languages, cultural knowledge, and community priorities remain at the center of technological innovation.\"\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Guilherme Canela de Souza Godoi, Director of the Division for Digital Inclusion, Policies and Transformation at UNESCO, added:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>\"This initiative advances the objectives of the International Decade of Indigenous Languages by co-creating tools with Indigenous communities and supporting them to steward their own linguistic and cultural resources. Ensuring that communities can govern and benefit from their own data is essential to preserving cultural diversity and fostering inclusive digital transformation.\"\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Jennifer Hansen, Director, Data Policy & Strategy, Microsoft\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>\"We are proud to build on the success of last year's New Commons Challenge with an initiative specifically focused on Indigenous languages and cultures. We believe communities should have meaningful opportunities to steward and benefit from the data that increasingly shapes AI systems, and we look forward to supporting innovative Indigenous-led approaches that advance those goals.\"\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Steering Committee member Chantal Kamgne, Head of Research, EngageAfricaNLP and Managing Director, Localizzz, said: \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>“For communities in indigenous, low-resourced and underserved contexts, technologies can support access to knowledge, services, safety, and opportunity. However, Indigenous languages’ place in AI should not be guided or decided by dataset builders or developers alone, but by the people who speak them and live through them. Giving those communities governance, consent, and control in how their languages enter digital spaces and technology means creating processes and protocols that listen before they collect, model, or use language data. The Indigenous Language and Culture Data Commons Incubator works toward exactly that: technology that is more inclusive without stripping languages of the cultural codes, meaning, identities and values that make them worth preserving.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">From a separate Steering Committee Member, Jenny Fewster, Director, Humanities, Arts, Social Sciences and Indigenous Research Data Commons, Australian Research Data Commons:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>“The Commons Incubator is important because it creates a space where communities, researchers, and infrastructure providers can work together to ensure that emerging technologies strengthen, rather than diminish, Indigenous authority over language and cultural knowledge. Supporting Indigenous data commons is not just about preserving the past, it is about creating the conditions for Indigenous languages, cultures, and knowledge systems to thrive into the future.\"\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Join the Incubator\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Applications for the New Commons Incubator open on June 18, 2026.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Interested participants can find more information, including eligibility criteria, program details, and governance documentation, at \u003Ca href=\"http://newcommons.ai\">newcommons.ai\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">For inquiries, contact \u003Ca href=\"mailto:contactnewcommons@opendatapolicylab.org\">contactnewcommons@opendatapolicylab.org\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>The New Commons Incubator seeks not only to support individual projects, but also to advance a broader vision of digital self-determination; one in which Indigenous communities collectively govern the data, knowledge, and cultural resources that increasingly shape our shared digital future.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/new-commons-incubator-launches-to-support-indigenous-led-language-and-cultural-data-commons-in-the-age-of-ai",{"title":65,"description":69},"new-commons-incubator-launches-to-support-indigenous-led-language-and-cultural-data-commons-in-the-age-of-ai","blogposts/new-commons-incubator-launches-to-support-indigenous-led-language-and-cultural-data-commons-in-the-age-of-ai","nL-e2erwK_OtRzvr4DChlOkXHKFynkqB_6D2CcZ0-ww",{"id":79,"title":80,"author":81,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":82,"body":34,"category":44,"date":83,"description":84,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":80,"image":85,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":86,"meta":87,"navigation":15,"path":88,"registrationLink":34,"seo":89,"slug":90,"startTime":34,"stem":91,"tags":92,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":93},"blogposts/blogposts/from-covid-19-to-hantavirus-and-ebola-why-access-to-non-traditional-data-remains-a-critical-gap-in-outbreak-preparedness.json","From COVID-19 to Hantavirus and Ebola: Why Access to Non-Traditional Data Remains a Critical Gap in Outbreak Preparedness","Stefaan Verhulst and Daniela Paolotti",[],"2026-06-01T12:00:00","This article highlights a number of emerging warning signs and recurring challenges around hantavirus that deserve more serious attention.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/53080136-6ba6-46f3-af35-e823a3abb86b","\u003Ch1 class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz gd bh\">From COVID-19 to Hantavirus and Ebola: Why Access to Non-Traditional Data Remains a Critical Gap in Outbreak Preparedness\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cem>This piece was originally publsiehd on Medium \u003Ca href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/from-covid-19-to-hantavirus-and-ebola-why-access-to-non-traditional-data-remains-a-critical-gap-in-937552c3d07b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d37e\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Ca class=\"ab nt\" href=\"https://github.com/kraemer-lab/Hondius_hantavirus_h2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">The emergence of Hantavirus cases\u003C/a> appeared, at first glance, to be a localized public health incident. Yet, when viewed alongside recurring \u003Ca class=\"ab nt\" href=\"https://inrb-umie.github.io/EBOV2026_Epidemic_Dashboard/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Ebola outbreaks\u003C/a>, growing concerns about avian influenza, and other zoonotic disease threats, these events highlight a broader lesson from COVID-19: our vulnerability to infectious disease outbreaks is shaped not only by the pathogens themselves but also by the preparedness of our data ecosystems and our ability to translate information into timely action. In particular, responsible access to non-traditional data sources -including mobility data, online search behavior, social media activity, transaction records, crowdsourced information, and other digital traces- has become critical in complementing traditional surveillance systems. These data sources can provide earlier, more timely, and more granular insights into emerging risks, helping decision-makers detect outbreaks sooner, understand behavioral dynamics, target interventions more effectively, and strengthen overall preparedness and response efforts\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3d8d\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">As such, these recent outbreaks provide a useful lens through which to revisit some of the insights of our recent research on \u003Ca class=\"ab nt\" href=\"https://www.jmir.org/2026/1/e85540\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">non-traditional data and pandemic preparedness\u003C/a>. In the below, we share key insights from our analysis of the COVID-19 response, reflect on their continued relevance in the context of the current Hantavirus and Ebola outbreaks, and outline three recommendations to help ensure that the barriers, delays, and missed opportunities of past crises are not repeated again.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"cf0e\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This article is not intended to be a comprehensive assessment of either (on-going) outbreak -such an undertaking will require more extensive epidemiological, operational, and governance analysis (which we recommend). Rather, our objective is to highlight a number of emerging warning signs and recurring challenges that deserve more serious attention.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"fbef\" class=\"nu nv gk bc nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe mn of og oh mr oi oj ok mv ol om on oo bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"ai\">First and Last Mile Challenges\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"feb7\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf op mh mi mj oq ml mm mn or mp mq mr os mt mu mv ot mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">COVID-19 fundamentally transformed the \u003Ca class=\"ab nt\" href=\"https://review.data4covid19.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">role of non-traditional data \u003C/a>in public health. Governments, researchers, and health agencies increasingly relied on new data streams including mobility traces, wastewater monitoring, wearable devices, social media activity, online search behavior, and transaction data. \u003Ca class=\"ab nt\" href=\"https://www.jmir.org/2026/1/e85540\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Our research\u003C/a> found that 90 percent of epidemic modelers surveyed used at least one non-traditional data source during the pandemic, most commonly mobility, wastewater, and social media data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c554\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Yet despite these innovations, COVID-19 also exposed deep structural weaknesses in the data ecosystem. The problem was not simply that institutions lacked access to data. Rather, even when data was available, institutions often struggled to use it effectively. We have described this as the \u003Ca class=\"ab nt\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/outpacing-pandemics-solving-the-first-and-last-mile-challenges-of-data-driven-policy-making-c7f8ef6662a4\" rel=\"noopener\">dual challenge \u003C/a>of “first-mile” and “last-mile” failures.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"421d\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The “first mile” concerns access: identifying, obtaining, and sharing relevant non-traditional data quickly enough to support response efforts. During COVID-19, \u003Ca class=\"ab nt\" href=\"https://datastewards.net/news/a-call-for-action\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">these barriers were everywhere\u003C/a>. Governments struggled to negotiate ad hoc and bilateral agreements with telecom providers. Researchers relied on informal networks to access mobility data. Data formats varied across jurisdictions. Metadata was incomplete. Quality standards were inconsistent.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8895\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Equally importantly, COVID-19 also exposed the “last-mile” problem: the inability to transform data into timely and trusted action. Policymakers frequently lacked the institutional mechanisms, technical literacy, or decision frameworks needed to interpret and operationalize insights generated from increasingly complex data streams. This last mile was–and remains–a critical bottleneck in our collective efforts to better unlock public value from the unprecedented amounts of data today being generated and stored.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"3226\" class=\"nu nv gk bc nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe mn of og oh mr oi oj ok mv ol om on oo bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"ai\">Hantavirus and Highly Datafied Environments\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"1430\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf op mh mi mj oq ml mm mn or mp mq mr os mt mu mv ot mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The Hantavirus outbreak underscores why all these lessons remain urgent and how many of the central challenges remain unaddressed.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"033b\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Cruise ships are, in many respects, highly datafied environments. They generate enormous quantities of information: passenger movement records, environmental monitoring data, ventilation system analytics, food and sanitation inspections, booking records, and medical logs. In theory, these environments should allow for rapid detection and containment of outbreaks. Yet outbreaks on ships continue to reveal gaps in access, coordination, transparency, and preparedness.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"78a4\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">One of the central challenges in outbreaks like Hantavirus is environmental uncertainty. Unlike COVID-19, where respiratory transmission dominated public concern, Hantavirus often involves interactions between humans, rodents, ventilation systems, waste management, and environmental conditions. This demands a much broader data ecosystem than conventional disease surveillance alone, including non-traditional data. With the Andes variant in particular, where human-to-human transmissions play a key role (though to a lesser extent than with COVID-19), we must also add in many of the societal variables that were important for that earlier pandemic.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3cdd\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Amid this complexity, environmental intelligence and monitoring data become essential. So too does behavioral data: where passengers traveled, what facilities they used, how crew movements intersected with operational systems, and how sanitation protocols evolved over time. Crucially, \u003Ca class=\"ab nt\" href=\"https://www.npr.org/2026/05/08/g-s1-121074/hantavirus-contact-tracing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">non-traditional data\u003C/a> can also shed light on the social behavior of individuals in these confined environments -their contact patterns, gathering habits, dining and recreational interactions, and information-sharing networks- all of which shape transmission dynamics in ways that conventional surveillance alone cannot capture. Increasingly, these forms of information may come not only from traditional inspections but also from sensor networks, logistics systems, occupancy analytics, wastewater analysis, and even indirect indicators such as purchasing patterns or maintenance records.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a95b\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf mh mi mj ml mm mn mp mq mr mt mu mv mx my ou mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Having access to these data sources is key. But as the prevalence of “last-mile” challenges indicates, simply possessing such data does not guarantee preparedness. COVID-19 already demonstrated that data without governance produces fragmentation rather than resilience. Many institutions lacked clear stewardship structures to coordinate data access, assess data quality, or align information flows with operational decisions. In many countries, critical insights were trapped in silos between ministries, private companies, hospitals, and research institutions. These are all shortcomings we must avoid this time if we are to prevent the emergence of another pandemic.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"9a71\" class=\"nu nv gk bc nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe mn of og oh mr oi oj ok mv ol om on oo bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"ai\">Ebola and Social Intelligence\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"fca7\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf op mh mi mj oq ml mm mn or mp mq mr os mt mu mv ot mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Recurring Ebola outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of Congo illustrate a complementary dimension of this challenge. While the cruise ship represents a datafied, infrastructure-rich environment, the DRC context highlights how non-traditional data matters most when the barriers to containment are fundamentally social.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"9650\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Ca class=\"ab nt\" href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9150578/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Experience\u003C/a> from successive Ebola responses has shown that community engagement, cultural beliefs around burial practices, and trust in health authorities are \u003Ca class=\"ab nt\" href=\"https://www.who.int/news-room/spotlight/one-year-into-the-ebola-epidemic/factors-that-contributed-to-undetected-spread-of-the-ebola-virus-and-impeded-rapid-containment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">decisive factors\u003C/a> in outbreak trajectories: without local cooperation, contact tracing, and safe burial, the virus can rapidly spread, while stigma and misinformation remain major barriers to early treatment and containment.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7f19\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Importantly, a range of innovative platforms and mechanisms have emerged to capture precisely this kind of social and behavioral intelligence. UNICEF’s\u003Ca class=\"ab nt\" href=\"https://www.unicefusa.org/what-unicef-does/innovation/u-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"> U-Report\u003C/a> platform, for example, has empowered youth and community mobilizers to capture real-time feedback on symptoms, track evolving beliefs, and disseminate preventive health information. Community feedback mechanisms compiled by organizations such as the\u003Ca class=\"ab nt\" href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11284920/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"> IFRC\u003C/a> have systematically categorized rumors, beliefs, and observations, providing health organizations with actionable insights to adapt their messaging to local contexts. Meanwhile, the\u003Ca class=\"ab nt\" href=\"https://www.socialscienceinaction.org/resources/social-science-behavioural-data-compilation-drc-ebola-outbreak-november-2018-february-2019/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"> Social Science in Humanitarian Action Platform (SSHAP)\u003C/a> has analyzed behavioral data to identify specific social bottlenecks during outbreaks. More recently, Flowminder has provided access to \u003Ca class=\"ab nt\" href=\"https://www.flowminder.org/resources/publications-reports/drc-reports-publications/ituri-2026-rapports-mensuels-de-mobilite-par-zone-de-sante\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">monthly population variations and detailed population flows\u003C/a> in the Ituri (DRC) province to allow for better understanding of movement patterns and connections between health zones in an area with many international borders, conflicts, population movements, etc.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0511\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">These examples underscore that non-traditional data is not only a matter of sensors and digital infrastructure; it also encompasses the social intelligence needed to understand how communities perceive, respond to, and engage with public health interventions, insights without which even the most technically sophisticated response will fall short. They also demonstrate that innovation alone is insufficient. Effective preparedness requires both first-mile readiness, the ability to access and share relevant data rapidly, and last-mile readiness -the institutional capacity to translate those insights into timely action. Unfortunately, barriers in governance, coordination, and preparedness delayed both.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"435b\" class=\"nu nv gk bc nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe mn of og oh mr oi oj ok mv ol om on oo bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"ai\">Recommendations\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"0c7e\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf op mh mi mj oq ml mm mn or mp mq mr os mt mu mv ot mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">A key lesson learned from all of the above is the need to move beyond emergency improvisation toward institutionalized readiness. Preparedness cannot begin only when a crisis emerges. It must be built beforehand through governance frameworks, data-sharing agreements, simulation exercises, interoperable standards, and dedicated stewardship roles.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c530\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Ca class=\"ab nt\" href=\"https://www.jmir.org/2026/1/e85540\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Our paper\u003C/a> made a few specific recommendations that could enable greater preparedness. In particular:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"c256\" class=\"mc md gk me b mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz ov ow ox bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">First, we called for the institutionalization of “data stewards.” These are individuals or teams responsible for building partnerships, conducting risk assessments, facilitating cross-sector coordination, and ensuring that data can move responsibly and effectively during crises. In a future hantavirus-like outbreak, such stewards could help bridge the gap between cruise operators, public health authorities, environmental agencies, laboratories, and researchers.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"0cfc\" class=\"mc md gk me b mf oy mh mi mj oz ml mm mn pa mp mq mr pb mt mu mv pc mx my mz ov ow ox bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Second, and equally important, is the cultivation of what we call “data solidarity.” During COVID-19, many critical data-sharing arrangements depended on goodwill, temporary agreements, or exceptional circumstances. Yet future outbreaks–whether hantavirus, avian influenza, antimicrobial resistance, or other climate-linked or zoonotic diseases– will require more durable frameworks for responsible collaboration between public and private actors.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"6662\" class=\"mc md gk me b mf oy mh mi mj oz ml mm mn pa mp mq mr pb mt mu mv pc mx my mz ov ow ox bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Finally, public health systems must also become capable not only of collecting data but also of asking better questions and operationalizing insights from answering those questions rapidly and legitimately. As our paper argues, question literacy — the ability to formulate the right questions and align data with decision-making needs — may be just as important as technical analytics. This is especially critical as the world faces an increasingly diverse set of public health threats, ranging from hantavirus and avian influenza to recurring Ebola outbreaks, antimicrobial resistance, and other climate-linked or zoonotic diseases. Each of these crises requires not only biomedical preparedness but also the ability to rapidly mobilize trusted, interoperable, and responsibly governed data ecosystems across borders and sectors.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"980e\" class=\"nu nv gk bc nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe mn of og oh mr oi oj ok mv ol om on oo bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"ai\">New Warning Signals\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"7ab8\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf op mh mi mj oq ml mm mn or mp mq mr os mt mu mv ot mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The Hantavirus and Ebola outbreaks are more than isolated epidemiological events. They are warning signals. They reveal how fragile and uneven our preparedness systems remain even so many years after COVID-19.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5bea\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This warning is made all the more urgent by the sharp contraction in global health funding now underway. Massive cutbacks in official development assistance from major donor countries, the withdrawal of the United States from the WHO, and the dismantling of USAID have created what the WHO Director-General has called “\u003Ca class=\"ab nt\" href=\"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/02/1166869\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">one of the most difficult years\u003C/a>” for the organization. External health aid is projected to drop by 30 to 40 percent compared with 2023, and WHO survey data from 108 low- and middle-income countries indicate that funding cuts have reduced critical services — including disease surveillance and health emergency preparedness — by up to 70 percent in some settings. The consequences are already visible in the current Ebola response: in eastern DRC, the\u003Ca class=\"ab nt\" href=\"https://www.rescue.org/press-release/funding-cuts-led-delayed-detection-deadly-ebola-outbreak-drc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"> IRC reports\u003C/a> that US-funded health and surveillance activities ended in March 2025, forcing a reduction from five health areas to just two in the outbreak’s epicenter and that the surge in cases likely reflects transmission that went undetected due to weakened surveillance. As the\u003Ca class=\"ab nt\" href=\"https://nam.edu/perspectives/2026-ebola-outbreak-pandemic-preparedness/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"> National Academy of Medicine\u003C/a> has observed, the persistent cycle of panic, neglect, and repeat continues: despite the enormous costs of successive outbreaks, global political will remains insufficient to sustain the investments in preparedness that could prevent them. The erosion of funding for the very institutions and data systems on which outbreak detection depends makes the arguments for data readiness, stewardship, and solidarity not merely academic but existentially urgent.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b1ae\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The next crisis may not resemble COVID-19 at all, and it already might be here. Slower-moving, more localized, environmentally driven, or intertwined with infrastructure and climate systems — as recent concerns around hantavirus and recurring Ebola outbreaks remind us. But the underlying challenges will persist: can societies build the institutional readiness, governance structures, and collaborative data ecosystems needed to transform information into timely, trusted, and equitable action?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3ae0\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">COVID-19 gave us a painful preview of both the possibilities and limitations of data-driven public health. The hantavirus outbreak reminds us that those lessons remain all too relevant–and that the work of unlocking the vast potential of data to address social crises likewise remains unfinished.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7a5e\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cem class=\"pd\">Daniela Paolotti is a Senior Research Scientist in the Data Science for Social Impact area at the ISI Foundation in Turin, Italy, and Scientific coordinator of Influenzanet, network of Web platforms for flu surveillance in Europe.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ec34\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mc md gk me b mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz gd bh\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cem class=\"pd\">Stefaan Verhulst is the Co-Founder of The GovLab, and the DataTank. He is also a Research Professor at the Tandon School of Engineering, New York University\u003C/em>\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/from-covid-19-to-hantavirus-and-ebola-why-access-to-non-traditional-data-remains-a-critical-gap-in-outbreak-preparedness",{"title":80,"description":84},"from-covid-19-to-hantavirus-and-ebola-why-access-to-non-traditional-data-remains-a-critical-gap-in-outbreak-preparedness","blogposts/from-covid-19-to-hantavirus-and-ebola-why-access-to-non-traditional-data-remains-a-critical-gap-in-outbreak-preparedness",[44],"WAazf8-hWgGSJmYws1FmZLJmXNExZsgdkiEcgYEEaU4",{"id":95,"title":96,"author":97,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":98,"body":34,"category":99,"date":100,"description":101,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":96,"image":102,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":103,"meta":104,"navigation":15,"path":105,"registrationLink":34,"seo":106,"slug":107,"startTime":34,"stem":108,"tags":109,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":114},"blogposts/blogposts/realising-the-potential-of-non-traditional-data-for-research-in-europe-advancing-access-and-re-use-for-improving-health-and-wellbeing.json","Realising the potential of non-traditional data for research in Europe | Advancing access and re-use for improving health and wellbeing","Stefaan Verhulst",[],"research","2026-05-21T12:00:00","Europe has invested heavily in data infrastructure through initiatives like the European\nOpen Science Cloud (EOSC) and the European Health Data Space (EHDS), yet these\nframeworks remain largely focused on traditional, sector-specific data. This CEPS R&D\nPerspective argues that non-traditional data — generated by digital platforms, sensors,\nmobility systems, and consumption patterns — represents a largely untapped resource\nfor health and well-being research. Drawing on evidence from over 290 studies, the note\nargues that non-traditional data can enable earlier detection of health risks, reveal\nnutritional and access inequalities, and link environmental exposure to disease outcomes.\nGrocery transaction records, wearable devices, satellite imagery, and mobility data have\neach shown measurable value when responsibly linked with conventional datasets.\nRealising this potential at scale requires addressing persistent barriers: fragmented access,\ncomplex data linkage, fragile public trust, and short-term funding cycles. The paper\nproposes six integrated policy actions — expanding EOSC's mandate, broadening EHDS to\ncover health determinants, leveraging Horizon Europe for sustainable data reuse,\nactivating DSA Article 40 for platform data access, professionalising data stewardship, and\nembedding social licence frameworks in governance structures. Together, these measures\nwould transform Europe's data spaces from compliance infrastructure into genuine\ndecision intelligence for health, well-being, and beyond. ","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/2542d883-830f-4eed-9c6c-cc176e4e54af","\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>INTRODUCTION: GIVING EUROPE’S DATA SPACES A PUBLIC PURPOSE \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In recent years, Europe has invested heavily in advancing open science and building data spaces. The European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) and the European Health Data Space (EHDS) represent two of the most ambitious public data infrastructure projects within Europe. As impressive as these initiatives are, however, they remain largely focused on technical interoperability and legal compliance for traditional, sectorially specific forms of data. Like many similar data initiatives around the world, they tend to under-emphasise the potential of emerging forms of non-traditional data, for instance those generated through digital platforms, sensors, mobility systems, consumption patterns, and environmental monitoring. This policy brief focuses on the potential of such data with regard to the domain of health and well-being. Our research in this sector demonstrates how non-traditional data sources already generate measurable value for understanding population risks, behavioural and environmental determinants, and structural inequalities. This research built upon evidence from more than 290 studies to illustrate that non-traditional data can support earlier detection of health threats, reveal nutrition and access disparities, and link environmental exposure to disease patterns. While this brief focuses on health and well-being, its usefulness and findings extend beyond a single sector: similar approaches can be used for a variety of domains, including agriculture, climate change, inequality, and more. In what follows, we first present a brief overview of non-traditional data, discussing their sources, potential, and some associated risks (Section I). We then present empirical evidence showing how non-traditional data can be linked to specific health outcomes and risks (Section II), followed by a discussion of risks (III). Section IV examines the European strategic opportunity and presents some specific policy outcomes. The overarching message of this brief is that the key policy challenge for European decision-makers is no longer whether non-traditional data can contribute to research and policy, but how Europe can move from fragmented pilots to a coordinated, legitimate, and sustainable system of data reuse. More specifically, this brief argues that EOSC, EHDS, and Horizon Europe should be aligned as mutually reinforcing levers to unlock nontraditional data for research and transform data spaces into decision intelligence for health and well-being. Further, policymakers and researchers should also explore how vetted researcher access under DSA Article 40 can enable responsible reuse of platformgenerated data for other public-interest research.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Access full research \u003Ca href=\"https://cdn.ceps.eu/2026/05/Realising-the-potential-of-non-traditional-data-for-research-in-Europe_Stefaan-Verhulst.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HERE. \u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/realising-the-potential-of-non-traditional-data-for-research-in-europe-advancing-access-and-re-use-for-improving-health-and-wellbeing",{"title":96,"description":101},"realising-the-potential-of-non-traditional-data-for-research-in-europe-advancing-access-and-re-use-for-improving-health-and-wellbeing","blogposts/realising-the-potential-of-non-traditional-data-for-research-in-europe-advancing-access-and-re-use-for-improving-health-and-wellbeing",[110,111,112,113],"innovation","non-traditional data","research and development","data stewardship","aiDqUnTfXlLXVLd-ALPE0NzbhIut-Rm22dEi10vBQgc",{"id":116,"title":117,"author":97,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":118,"body":34,"category":44,"date":119,"description":120,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":117,"image":121,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":122,"meta":123,"navigation":15,"path":124,"registrationLink":34,"seo":125,"slug":126,"startTime":34,"stem":127,"tags":128,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":133},"blogposts/blogposts/signals-from-the-frontier-of-digital-statecraft.json","Signals from the Frontier of Digital Statecraft",[],"2026-04-29T12:00:00","Last week, at Jesus College, Cambridge University, the inaugural cohort of Digital Statecraft Fellows gathered — alongside a diverse group of policymakers, technologists, scholars, and practitioners — to grapple with a deceptively simple yet profound question: how do we govern in the age of AI?","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/d8885384-98bb-4067-b54b-480cff83837f","\u003Cp>Last week, at \u003Ca class=\"z or\" href=\"https://www.jesus.cam.ac.uk/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Jesus College\u003C/a>, Cambridge University, the \u003Ca class=\"z or\" href=\"https://digitalstatecraft.academy/our-fellows/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">inaugural cohort of Digital Statecraft Fellows\u003C/a> gathered — alongside a diverse group of policymakers, technologists, scholars, and practitioners — to grapple with a deceptively simple yet profound question: how do we govern in the age of AI?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"fr fs ft fu fv e\">\n\u003Carticle>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"e\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"e\">\n\u003Csection>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"gk gl gm gn go\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"v cf\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"cm bd fw fx fy fz\">\n\u003Cp id=\"0410\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The convening offered a highly needed space where theory met practice; where geopolitical realities, technical architectures, and governance responses were debated not as abstractions, but as institutional design challenges.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"336d\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The discussions, grounded in the principles of the\u003Ca class=\"z or\" href=\"https://digitalstatecraft.academy/the_digital_statecraft_manifesto_v1-0/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"> Digital Statecraft Manifesto\u003C/a>, revealed a field at an inflection point. Digital statecraft is no longer just about digitizing services or regulating platforms at the margins. It is about rethinking the state itself as a coordinator in a world where AI systems, data infrastructures, and global platforms increasingly mediate social, economic, and political life.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3c83\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Below are my ten high-level takeaways from the convening — signals, perhaps, from the frontier of digital statecraft. In keeping with the spirit of the convening — held under Chatham House Rules — I will not attribute specific remarks to individuals, but instead reflect some of the collective insights that emerged across the discussions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/9207e4c7-2d84-464d-be84-5da58e6674a8.webp?width=800&height=1066\" alt=\"1 Bmaa3h2 E Zr L66 Sjg Mj Xej A\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>                                           DSA Convening at Jesus College. Picture by Zeynep Engin\u003C/p>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli id=\"d777\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\">\u003Cstrong class=\"nc gs\">From Sovereignty to Agency (and Self Determination)\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ol>\n\u003Cp id=\"f05b\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">One of the most debated themes was the rise of and growing call for “AI sovereignty.” While traditionally framed as a nation’s ability to manage dependencies by building and controlling its own AI systems, participants pushed toward a more nuanced understanding — one centered on agency, including self-determination.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"09ec\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Sovereignty, as was discussed, spans multiple dimensions: technical (compute and infrastructure), data (access to local and high quality datasets), regulatory (rule-setting power), knowledge (skills and talent), and cultural (alignment with societal values and protecting cultural heritage).\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a545\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Yet sovereignty alone risks becoming a defensive posture. Agency, by contrast, emphasizes the capacity to act: to determine outcomes in alignment with preferences and expectations of communities, reduce asymmetries with dominant private actors, and make meaningful choices in a constrained technological landscape. In sum, it enables \u003Ca class=\"z or\" href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy/article/operationalizing-digital-selfdetermination/C320AA7491A6F301BDFCB53EE2C7C5D7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">digital self determination\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"bac7\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This shift aligns with the \u003Ca class=\"z or\" href=\"https://digitalstatecraft.academy/the_digital_statecraft_manifesto_v1-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Manifesto\u003C/a>’s call to center purpose and legitimacy. The question is not whether states can “own” AI, but whether they can use it to advance public value in ways that are accountable, inclusive, and context-sensitive.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"fc1d\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"nc gs\">2. The State and Meta-Coordination\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7615\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">A recurring insight was that the state’s historical role — as a coordinator of markets and society — is being challenged by digital platforms. Platforms like Uber or Airbnb do not own assets; they coordinate interactions. Increasingly, AI systems perform similar coordination functions, often more efficiently and at scale. This raises a profound question: if coordination migrates to private AI systems, what remains of the state’s core function?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0d68\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Participants argued that digital statecraft requires reclaiming and reinventing this role. The state must evolve into a meta-coordinator — designing the rules, infrastructures, and incentives that shape how coordination happens across public and private actors.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5fb8\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This is where the \u003Ca class=\"z or\" href=\"https://digitalstatecraft.academy/the_digital_statecraft_manifesto_v1-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Manifesto\u003C/a>’s emphasis on participation and resilience becomes critical. Coordination cannot be outsourced entirely; it must be governed.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a8dd\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"nc gs\">3. The AI Stack, Exceptionalism and the Politics of Dependency\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7811\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Understanding digital statecraft today requires understanding the AI stack — from energy and chips to models and applications. The convening highlighted how deeply interdependent this stack is. A handful of companies control foundational models and infrastructure, while supply chains span continents.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b7a2\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">At the same time, participants cautioned against AI exceptionalism. While the scale and speed of AI are novel, many of the underlying governance challenges — around concentration, dependency, standards, and access — are not. They echo earlier experiences with digital infrastructure, telecommunications, and data governance. Treating AI as entirely unique risks overlooking these lessons and reinventing rather than adapting proven approaches.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d96f\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This creates both concentration risks and governance opportunities. On one hand, the ecosystem is fragile and unequal. On the other, its relative narrowness offers leverage points for intervention. For states, the challenge is not to control the entire stack, but to identify strategic entry points — whether in data governance, standards-setting, or public infrastructure — and to build capabilities where they matter most.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c4bb\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"nc gs\">4. The Contextual Value of Digital Public Infrastructure\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d695\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Ca class=\"z or\" href=\"https://cdpi.dev/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Digital Public Infrastructure\u003C/a> is positioned as purpose-agnostic, modular, and reusable…more like a “wheel” than a finished product. Its principles — interoperability, minimalism, inclusivity, decentralization, and privacy by design — could offer a blueprint for embedding governance directly into technical systems. In this sense, DPI may represent digital statecraft encoded in architecture. It enables innovation while maintaining public oversight. It allows data to remain distributed while being usable. And it creates a foundation upon which both public and private actors can build.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5edc\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">At the same time, the relevance and design of DPI are highly context-dependent. In environments where legacy systems are fragmented, exclusionary, or underdeveloped, DPI can serve as a transformative foundation: leapfrogging constraints and enabling new ecosystems. However, in contexts where legacy infrastructures function well or where strong, mature digital ecosystems already exist, the role of DPI may be more incremental: augmenting, interconnecting, or layering additional capabilities rather than replacing existing systems. In such cases, a “plus-one” approach, building on top of what works, may be more effective than wholesale reinvention.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b22d\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"nc gs\">5. Governing What We Cannot See\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"be87\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">A central tension emerged around the opacity of AI systems, and leveraging that opacity to spread disinformation. As models become more complex, they become less explainable. Future systems may operate beyond human comprehension.This creates a governance paradox: how do you govern systems you cannot fully understand?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"e601\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">In this context, participants emphasized that social license matters as much as legal license. Legitimacy cannot rest on compliance alone; it requires ongoing engagement with communities, transparency about risks and trade-offs, and mechanisms for contestation and redress. Especially when systems are opaque, trust must be earned through process, not just promised through regulation.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"45ef\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Participants pointed also to several other approaches:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"9d42\" class=\"na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx oy oz pa bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Embedding governance in code (e.g., APIs, federated systems);\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"9763\" class=\"na nb gr nc b nd pb nf ng nh pc nj nk nl pd nn no np pe nr ns nt pf nv nw nx oy oz pa bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Developing traceability and \u003Ca class=\"z or\" href=\"https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/project/project-provenance/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">provenance mechanisms\u003C/a>;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"c370\" class=\"na nb gr nc b nd pb nf ng nh pc nj nk nl pd nn no np pe nr ns nt pf nv nw nx oy oz pa bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Shifting focus toward outcomes — such as performance, error rates, and impact — rather than relying solely on understanding internal logic.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"7f84\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The discussion echoed the \u003Ca class=\"z or\" href=\"https://digitalstatecraft.academy/the_digital_statecraft_manifesto_v1-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Manifesto\u003C/a>’s call for adaptive governance — systems that evolve with technology rather than lag behind it.\u003Cpicture>\u003C/picture>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"e3b2\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd nf ng nh nj nk nl nn no np nr ns nt nv nw pg nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"nc gs\">6. Trust vs. Trustworthiness\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8531\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Another critical distinction was between trust and trustworthiness. Trust can be misplaced; \u003Ca class=\"z or\" href=\"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09672559.2018.1454637\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">trustworthiness\u003C/a> must be demonstrated. Examples such as independent oversight panels, transparent audits, and open reporting mechanisms illustrated how institutions can build earned legitimacy.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"06ea\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">In the context of AI, this means moving beyond broad ethical commitments toward verifiable, operational practices. It requires showing — not just stating — how systems are governed, evaluated, and corrected. Crucially, trustworthiness is neither uniform nor universal; it is contextual, shaped by culture, experience, and power dynamics. Building trustworthiness, therefore, demands approaches that are responsive to diverse contexts, especially in cross-cultural and global settings.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"115e\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"nc gs\">7. From IT Projects to Organizational Transformation\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a09d\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">One of the more practical insights concerned how AI is implemented within organizations. Participants noted that successful initiatives were often driven not by IT departments, but by HR, finance, or operational units closer to core mission and delivery. Why? Because they focused on real problems — inefficiencies, frustrations, unmet needs — rather than abstract technological possibilities.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"fc0c\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This points to a broader conclusion: institutional capacity is often the real bottleneck. Policies and strategies alone are insufficient. What matters is building enduring capabilities — data stewards, interdisciplinary teams, and adaptive processes that can translate ambition into action.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"fff8\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">It also suggests that digital statecraft is not just a policy challenge; it is an organizational one. It requires rethinking workflows, incentives, and cultures of collaboration across silos. The most effective strategies start with people and problems, not technology — and scale through sustained investment in institutional capability.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0f70\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"nc gs\">8. The Geopolitics of Fragmentation\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"bc00\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The convenings also underscored a shift from global collaboration to national approaches to AI. While this fragmentation reflects geopolitical realities, it risks undermining, for instance, scientific exchange and collective problem-solving. At the same time, regional collaborations, such as within the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, may offer more viable pathways forward. In this context, participants stressed that technical and governance interoperability is essential to sustain collaboration and avoid siloed systems, even as political approaches diverge.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a96a\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Yet beyond the national and regional levels, an additional layer is increasingly salient: the local. Building on the principle of subsidiarity, participants emphasized that the governance and innovation of AI may, in practice, be most effective when anchored closer to communities. This perspective, which I have described as \u003Ca class=\"z or\" href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4284013\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">AI Localism\u003C/a>, recognizes that cities, municipalities, and local institutions are often better positioned to experiment with context-specific use cases, build social license, and align AI systems with local needs and values.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"931c\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Digital statecraft must therefore navigate not only a balance between nationalism/regionalism and interdependence, but also a multi-level governance architecture that integrates local, national, regional, and global efforts. Complete autonomy is neither feasible nor desirable; strategic collaboration is essential — but so too is empowering local actors to lead where they are best placed to act.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"01c9\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"nc gs\">9. Cultural Sovereignty and Identity\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5d53\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Beyond economics and security, AI raises deeper questions of culture and identity. With many models predominantly trained on English-language and Western-centric data, there is a growing risk of cultural homogenization — where dominant narratives are amplified while others are rendered invisible.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"be8f\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">At the same time, efforts to “lock” culture within national or linguistic boundaries risk constraining creativity, exchange, and innovation. The challenge, then, is not isolation but balance: preserving diversity while enabling meaningful cross-cultural interaction.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7b20\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">In contexts such as Indigenous knowledge systems, this tension becomes even more acute — requiring safeguards against both marginalization and extraction. Protecting cultural integrity must go hand in hand with ensuring agency over how data is used, shared, and represented.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a020\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This dimension of digital statecraft is often overlooked, yet it is central to any vision of governance that is truly inclusive, pluralistic, and reflective of the societies it seeks to serve.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"fc61\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"nc gs\">10. From Solutions to Questions to Public Value\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b27d\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Finally, a key takeaways was methodological: digital statecraft requires a shift from solutions to questions. Rather than asking “how do we deploy AI?”, digital statecraft requires leaders to ask:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"68ee\" class=\"na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx oy oz pa bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">What problems are we trying to solve?\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"eec4\" class=\"na nb gr nc b nd pb nf ng nh pc nj nk nl pd nn no np pe nr ns nt pf nv nw nx oy oz pa bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">What are the questions that matter?\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"ebe8\" class=\"na nb gr nc b nd pb nf ng nh pc nj nk nl pd nn no np pe nr ns nt pf nv nw nx oy oz pa bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Who defines those problems and questions?\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"2ee2\" class=\"na nb gr nc b nd pb nf ng nh pc nj nk nl pd nn no np pe nr ns nt pf nv nw nx oy oz pa bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">What data is needed to answer these questions — and who controls it?\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"c7f1\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This aligns closely with the idea that \u003Ca class=\"z or\" href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5229339\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">questions are infrastructure\u003C/a>: they shape research agendas, policy priorities, and ultimately, societal outcomes. At the frontier of digital statecraft, the ability to ask better questions may be as important as the ability to build better systems.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3101\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"nc gs\">Conclusion: Designing the State of the Future\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5e9d\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The convenings at Cambridge made one thing clear: digital statecraft is not a niche domain. It is the core challenge of governance in the 21st century. It requires rethinking the state as:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"5c48\" class=\"na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx oy oz pa bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">A meta-coordinator in a platform-dominated world;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"6400\" class=\"na nb gr nc b nd pb nf ng nh pc nj nk nl pd nn no np pe nr ns nt pf nv nw nx oy oz pa bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">A designer of infrastructures, not just policies or trainings;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"d4e4\" class=\"na nb gr nc b nd pb nf ng nh pc nj nk nl pd nn no np pe nr ns nt pf nv nw nx oy oz pa bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">A steward of questions, data and AI for public value;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"7fe5\" class=\"na nb gr nc b nd pb nf ng nh pc nj nk nl pd nn no np pe nr ns nt pf nv nw nx oy oz pa bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">A trusted institution in an age of opacity and uncertainty.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"cfb0\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The \u003Ca class=\"z or\" href=\"https://digitalstatecraft.academy/the_digital_statecraft_manifesto_v1-0/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Digital Statecraft Manifesto\u003C/a> provides a compass. But the journey is only beginning.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/b83344de-770e-49c9-b159-b9ef316791a3.webp?width=519&height=589\" alt=\"1 O X3m Jq Bagh P8 Ry1 Ld Oxl Qw\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">DSA Manifesto at \u003Ca class=\"z or\" href=\"https://zenodo.org/records/17037682\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">https://zenodo.org/records/17037682\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8466\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph na nb gr nc b nd os nf ng nh ot nj nk nl ou nn no np ov nr ns nt ow nv nw nx gk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">What emerged from Cambridge is not a set of answers, but a recognition: the future of governance will be shaped not just by how we build or use technology, but by how we design the institutions and frameworks that govern it.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/article>\n\u003C/div>",{},"/blogposts/signals-from-the-frontier-of-digital-statecraft",{"title":117,"description":120},"signals-from-the-frontier-of-digital-statecraft","blogposts/signals-from-the-frontier-of-digital-statecraft",[129,130,131,132],"digital","statecraft","AI","Data","RpGfli-uqoK9pdiQ9Iqbz3iLkRC8fdpgG3OD1NAtZ5M",{"id":135,"title":136,"author":42,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":137,"body":34,"category":44,"date":138,"description":139,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":136,"image":140,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":141,"meta":142,"navigation":15,"path":143,"registrationLink":34,"seo":144,"slug":145,"startTime":34,"stem":146,"tags":147,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":150},"blogposts/blogposts/data-stewardship-bootcamp-takes-off-to-milan-lessons-learnt-and-an-engaged-community.json","Data Stewardship Bootcamp Takes Off to Milan: Lessons Learnt and an Engaged Community",[],"2026-04-20T12:00:00","The Data Tank in collaboration with Fondazione Cariplo, and as part of the Data Stewards Academy, completed, in the words of participants, a ‘unique’ one-month hybrid Data Stewardship Bootcamp in Milan. The bootcamp brought together and trained 23 participants from across civil society, social enterprises, and local and regional public and non-profit entities. Covering the entire Data Stewards Canvas via a step-by-step approach, the participants worked with several use-cases starting with identifying the demand for data and all the way to measuring impact for data-driven projects or services. The bootcamp combined lectures, including by affiliated guest faculty, with expert-led field visits to data driven institutions active in Milan. With three days in person in Milan and three online sessions, the bootcamp brought together local data and AI voices, but also managed to tap into global ones representing different contexts. ","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/4b3cb543-aaaf-4912-a5b8-01986c111288","\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The Data Tank in collaboration with Fondazione Cariplo, and as part of the \u003Ca href=\"https://datastewards.net/\">Data Stewards Academy\u003C/a>, completed, in the words of participants, a ‘unique’ one-month hybrid Data Stewardship Bootcamp in Milan. The bootcamp brought together and trained 23 participants from across civil society, social enterprises, and local and regional public and non-profit entities. Covering the entire \u003Ca href=\"https://datastewards.net/offerings\">Data Stewards Canvas \u003C/a>via a step-by-step approach, the participants worked with several use-cases starting with identifying the demand for data and all the way to measuring impact for data-driven projects or services. The bootcamp combined lectures, including by affiliated \u003Ca href=\"https://datastewards.net/faculty\">guest faculty\u003C/a>, with expert-led field visits to data driven institutions active in Milan. With three days in person in Milan and three online sessions, the bootcamp brought together local data and AI voices, but also managed to tap into global ones representing different contexts. \u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">What makes each bootcamp unique? \u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Our data stewardship bootcamps are designed using an agile methodology that allows us to continuously contextualise both findings and use cases to the specific audience and geographic setting. Data governance regimes and stewardship capabilities are inherently complex and highly contingent on local conditions—ranging from data collection practices and interoperability standards to legal frameworks for data protection and sharing.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">For that reason, each bootcamp is intentionally iterative. We adapt content in real time, selecting and refining case studies that resonate most with participants and reflect the realities of the broader ecosystem in which they operate.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In Milan, this meant engaging deeply with a set of contextually relevant cases, including \u003Ca href=\"https://transformtransport.org/research/urban-mobility-metrics/lab-roma050-sustainable-urban-mobility-in-the-metropolitan-city-of-roma-capitale/\">Sustainable Urban Mobility Metrics in the Metropolitan City of Rome\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.istat.it/en/data/\">Istat data and accessibility\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://cuebiq.com/\">Cuebiq\u003C/a> cases –a location intelligence company that began its journey in Milan and is now advancing data collaborations through geospatial and mobility data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The bootcamp brought together seven distinguished guest faculty from Italy and beyond, each contributing a distinct perspective on data stewardship in practice. Daniela Paolotti (ISI Foundation) set the stage by highlighting the value of data reuse for the public good. Ludovica Paseri (University of Turin) guided participants through European legal frameworks for data sharing. Gianluca Misuraca (Inspiring Futures Europe) mapped the broader AI and data policy landscape. Brennan Lake (Cuebiq) demonstrated how geospatial data can power cross-sector data collaborations. Alex Hutchison (Forr Data) emphasized the importance of ethical data practices and impact measurement. Finally, Gary Leeming and Emily Rempel (Liverpool City Region Civic Data Cooperative) illustrated how participatory data stewardship models can generate tangible public value.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Together, this combination of local and international expertise exposed participants to multiple entry points into data and AI governance—from legal and technical infrastructures to participatory and impact-driven approaches. The result is not just knowledge transfer, but the cultivation of a new generation of data stewards equipped to navigate—and shape—an increasingly complex and evolving data ecosystem.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/ae10b66a-5b66-4c9a-ba93-4236bf822dcb.jpg?width=5712&height=4284\" alt=\"Img 8363\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"32a3\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph tv tw pi tx b ty tz ua ub uc ud ue uf ug uh ui uj uk ul um un uo up uq ur us pd db\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">In addition to the guest faculty, we also had the opportunity to step out of the classroom and engage in interactive, expert-led field visits.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"e485\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph tv tw pi tx b ty tz ua ub uc ud ue uf ug uh ui uj uk ul um un uo up uq ur us pd db\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">During our first day in Milan, we paid a visit to Accurat where the team from \u003Ca class=\"av gw\" href=\"https://www.systematica.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Systematica\u003C/a> and \u003Ca class=\"av gw\" href=\"https://transformtransport.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Transform Transport\u003C/a> presented some use-cases on conducting research and executing projects to inform sustainable mobility practices in Italy and internationally. During our second day in Milan, we visited the \u003Ca class=\"av gw\" href=\"https://www.labsimurb.polimi.it/about-2/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Laboratorio di Simulazione Urbana Fausto Curti\u003C/a> part of \u003Ca class=\"av gw\" href=\"https://www.polimi.it/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">POLIMI\u003C/a> and were introduced to a range of data collection exercises that they had implemented on city planning.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"dc8f\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph tv tw pi tx b ty tz ua ub uc ud ue uf ug uh ui uj uk ul um un uo up uq ur us pd db\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">We also had a chance to see some data collection devices and got to wear the ‘architect’ shoes and design the neighborhood with an interactive data tool that the Labsimurb team developed. Finally, we ended our three day bootcamp with a visit to Gallerie D’Italia that allowed us to walk through 19th and 20th century Italy via art.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph tv tw pi tx b ty tz ua ub uc ud ue uf ug uh ui uj uk ul um un uo up uq ur us pd db\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/756b4a29-942c-4141-a514-ef8fbbf713a8.jpg?width=3024&height=4032\" alt=\"Img 8388\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Incubating Data Collaboratives \u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Another distinctive feature of the bootcamp is its built-in incubation process for data reuse and collaboration projects. Drawing on participants’ backgrounds and interests, we identified three thematic clusters in advance—Social Innovation and Equity, Climate, and Culture—within which participants could develop concrete ideas for data reuse.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Throughout the bootcamp, participants worked in these groups to shape and refine early-stage concepts. This included exploring how pilot data collaboratives might, for instance, increase the demographic diversity of visitors to cultural institutions in Milan, or help bridge the gap between insight and action in advancing climate-just policies.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Importantly, this work does not end with the bootcamp. It continues through a series of pitch sessions scheduled for June 2026, where each group will present a more developed concept in a rapid, focused format. These sessions are designed to generate constructive feedback from peers, facilitators, and guest faculty, while also testing the clarity, feasibility, and potential impact of each idea.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Beyond reinforcing the practical application of the bootcamp’s core concepts, this incubation approach creates a structured pathway from learning to implementation—positioning selected ideas for further development, partnership building, and potential funding.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Exceeding expectations\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">We received great feedback from participants, even exceeding expectations for some.  The bootcamp came as a positive surprise for some because of its innovative and condensed format, which participants hadn’t necessarily experienced before. The following topics of the programme resonated the most with them: “Moving from Insight to Action: Decision Intelligence” and “Matching Demand and Supply: Governance”. As it emerged from the group discussions, moving from insight to action seems to be one of the challenges among the organisations, hence ideas brought forward on data storytelling, decision theatres, and more resonated with participants. The governance of data collaboration initiatives is another challenge that was raised and our framework based on the 4Ps of data governance (\u003Ca href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5506604\">Purpose, Principles, Processes, and Practices\u003C/a>) also received good traction. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">What participants had to say about the experience:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cblockquote class=\"vl vm vn\">\n\u003Cp id=\"81ab\" class=\"tv tw vh tx b ty tz ua ub uc ud ue uf ug uh ui uj uk ul um un uo up uq ur us pd db\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This bootcamp was a highly valuable experience, strengthening my ability to structure, manage and ethically valorize large volumes of high-resolution meteorological data. It also fostered meaningful connections with organisations working on the social dimensions of climate adaptation, opening up concrete opportunities for future collaboration.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/blockquote>\n\u003Cp id=\"703c\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph tv tw pi tx b ty tz ua ub uc ud ue uf ug uh ui uj uk ul um un uo up uq ur us pd db\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Cristina Lavecchia, Managing Director at \u003Ca class=\"av gw\" href=\"https://www.fondazioneomd.it/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Fondazione OMD\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cblockquote class=\"vl vm vn\">\n\u003Cp id=\"5dad\" class=\"tv tw vh tx b ty tz ua ub uc ud ue uf ug uh ui uj uk ul um un uo up uq ur us pd db\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">A very in-depth and intensive course on data stewardship. Also recommended for those who work in this field to “systematize” their knowledge.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/blockquote>\n\u003Cp id=\"4c37\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph tv tw pi tx b ty tz ua ub uc ud ue uf ug uh ui uj uk ul um un uo up uq ur us pd db\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Rainer Maria Baratti, Project Manager at \u003Ca class=\"av gw\" href=\"https://www.actionaid.it/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">ActionAid Italia\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cblockquote class=\"vl vm vn\">\n\u003Cp id=\"b178\" class=\"tv tw vh tx b ty tz ua ub uc ud ue uf ug uh ui uj uk ul um un uo up uq ur us pd db\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This course is a must for anyone looking to lead in today’s datafied world. It defines the Data Steward not just as a technical role, but as a strategic bridge between those who have data and those who need answers. I walked away with the complete picture.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/blockquote>\n\u003Cp id=\"04c8\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph tv tw pi tx b ty tz ua ub uc ud ue uf ug uh ui uj uk ul um un uo up uq ur us pd db\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Riccardo Naidi, Innovation Consultant at \u003Ca class=\"av gw\" href=\"https://cgm.coop/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">CGM\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cblockquote class=\"vl vm vn\">\n\u003Cp id=\"1625\" class=\"tv tw vh tx b ty tz ua ub uc ud ue uf ug uh ui uj uk ul um un uo up uq ur us pd db\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">It’s been a really useful bootcamp, hope to join it again in the future.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/blockquote>\n\u003Cp id=\"5355\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph tv tw pi tx b ty tz ua ub uc ud ue uf ug uh ui uj uk ul um un uo up uq ur us pd db\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Simone Licata, Administrative Employee at the \u003Ca class=\"av gw\" href=\"https://www.comune.milano.it/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Municipality of Milan\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"b4b4\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph tv tw pi tx b ty tz ua ub uc ud ue uf ug uh ui uj uk ul um un uo up uq ur us pd db\">\u003Cstrong class=\"tx eu\">Next Steps: Data Stewards Network\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"176c\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph tv tw pi tx b ty tz ua ub uc ud ue uf ug uh ui uj uk ul um un uo up uq ur us pd db\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">As the bootcamp concludes, this cohort will be added to our growing pool of (9000+ learners and 180+ alumni). They will have the chance to follow our bi-weekly “Data Stewardship Trends to Watch” sessions and engage with other fellow alumni. This vibrant active community of data stewards is one of the main reasons we continue to engage in such meaningful work. While advances in data and AI provide a strong foundation for future innovation and scientific breakthroughs, it is the human infrastructure and data stewardship community that makes them possible.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2244\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph tv tw pi tx b ty tz ua ub uc ud ue uf ug uh ui uj uk ul um un uo up uq ur us pd db\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">There is a lot of work being done behind the scenes on bringing new data stewardship \u003Ca class=\"av gw\" href=\"https://datastewards.net/offerings\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">modules and bootcamps to life\u003C/a>, so stay tuned and \u003Ca class=\"av gw\" href=\"https://datastewards.net/contact\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">updated\u003C/a>. Also make sure to sign up to \u003Ca class=\"av gw\" href=\"https://zcmp.eu/qWGm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">The Data Tank’s newsletter\u003C/a> to be up to date with our plans and forthcoming programmes!\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/data-stewardship-bootcamp-takes-off-to-milan-lessons-learnt-and-an-engaged-community",{"title":136,"description":139},"data-stewardship-bootcamp-takes-off-to-milan-lessons-learnt-and-an-engaged-community","blogposts/data-stewardship-bootcamp-takes-off-to-milan-lessons-learnt-and-an-engaged-community",[57,148,149],"datagovernance","AIgovernance","PznSYkD0RG8a1n_VeetAGB5HNnPJzWieOuzbNlcGcS4",{"id":152,"title":153,"author":154,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":155,"body":34,"category":44,"date":138,"description":156,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":153,"image":157,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":158,"meta":159,"navigation":15,"path":160,"registrationLink":34,"seo":161,"slug":162,"startTime":34,"stem":163,"tags":164,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":165},"blogposts/blogposts/open-data-and-better-questions-engaging-new-yorkers-to-develop-questions-that-matter-in-the-age-of-ai.json","Open Data and Better Questions: Engaging New Yorkers to Develop Questions that Matter in the Age of AI","Adam Zable",[],"On March 27, as part of NYC Open Data Week, The GovLab, Brooklyn Public Library, and the Alliance for Public Interest Technology at New York University convened a “Questions Lab” to explore how open data can better reflect and respond to the needs of New Yorkers. The session was supported by a group of volunteers and collaborators, including students and faculty from NYU, some of whose reflections on the event are featured below.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/1a4d596d-4172-4912-9a59-cfae7fcc6242","\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">On March 27, as part of \u003Ca href=\"https://opendataweek.nyc/\">NYC Open Data Week\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.org/\">The GovLab\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bklynlibrary.org/\">Brooklyn Public Library\u003C/a>, and the \u003Ca href=\"https://alliance.hosting.nyu.edu/\">Alliance for Public Interest Technology at New York University\u003C/a> convened a “\u003Ca href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/archive/the-100-questions-initiative-state-of-play-lessons-learned-and-next-steps\">Questions Lab\u003C/a>” to explore how open data can better reflect and respond to the needs of New Yorkers. The session was supported by a group of volunteers and collaborators, including students and faculty from NYU, some of whose reflections on the event are featured below.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">At a time when cities are producing more data than ever, the challenge extends beyond access to relevance, demand, and use. Data may be available, but it is not always aligned with the questions people have, the needs they are trying to meet, or the decisions they face. Too often, there is a disconnect between the supply of data and the demand for answers, between what is published and what is needed to inform action.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Led by The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst in collaboration with Brooklyn Public Library’s Diana Plunkett and NYU Professor Manny Patole, the session focused on addressing a growing “question deficit”: the gap between available data and the questions needed to turn that data into meaningful insight and action.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/0055eb33-f9b3-472e-b681-a2dbfb6391e4.JPG?width=1000&height=667\" alt=\"Dsc F0201\">\u003C/h3>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">OPENING DISCUSSION\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The session began with a framing on the role of questions in shaping how data creates value. While open data initiatives have traditionally focused on publishing datasets, far less attention has been paid to how questions are identified, formulated, and prioritized. The central constraint is not the availability of data, but the absence of well-defined, actionable questions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Verhulst positioned the Questions Lab as part of a broader effort to build a more participatory approach to question-setting, including through the 100 Questions Initiative, a process through which data-actionable questions are crowdsourced and prioritized. Rather than starting from available data, this approach begins with lived experience and translates real needs into questions that can guide data use and collection.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg 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\" width=\"624\" height=\"352\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">GROUP DISCUSSIONS\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The 20 New Yorkers who participated then broke into smaller groups organized around key domains drawn from the Mayor’s platform: Affordability, Housing, Early Childhood and Education, and Labor and Small Business.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Each group followed a structured process to move from issues to data-actionable questions. Participants identified key themes, refined them into specific components, developed questions that could be addressed using data, and mapped those questions to relevant NYC Open Data and other datasets. This created a clear link between community priorities, available data, and potential pathways to action.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">After deliberation, the full group reconvened and each subgroup shared the questions they identified as most important.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">EMERGING QUESTIONS AND INSIGHTS\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Affordability\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The affordability discussion expanded to capture the full set of costs shaping life in New York City, including housing, childcare, food, transportation, healthcare, employment, and leisure. Participants framed affordability in terms of thresholds and tradeoffs, focusing on what it takes to maintain stability, participate in community life, and build toward longer-term goals. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The distinction between surviving and thriving emerged as a central theme, alongside the cumulative burden of everyday expenses and the added costs of navigating life without shared support. Participants also highlighted challenges in accessing services, pointing to a persistent gap between service availability and discoverability. Existing programs are often difficult to find and navigate due to limited awareness and fragmented systems. This raised questions about how open data, and potentially AI tools, could improve visibility and access to services that support community connection. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In the shareback, the group centered on three questions: How do we ensure that those born and raised in NYC can afford to remain in the city over their lifetimes? What happens to the city when people with talent and knowledge are priced out? And how can residents more easily find and access free or low-cost public programs and services?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Housing\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Participants described housing as an interconnected system shaped by legal, economic, social, and environmental forces. Discussions linked tenant and landlord dynamics, zoning and regulation, redlining and segregation, financialization, and short-term rentals, alongside concerns about affordability, homeownership, and access to shelter. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The group also emphasized neighborhood identity, public space, and community connection, as well as environmental risks such as lead exposure and air quality. These factors interact to influence stability, safety, and the ability to remain in place. Housing support, governance, and access to services were also raised as key components of the broader system. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In the shareback, the group focused on questions of both aspiration and constraint: What does ideal housing in New York City look like, and how far is the current system from that vision? What land is available for new development, and what is the condition of existing housing stock?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Early Childhood and Education\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The early childhood and education discussion focused on how resources, access, and outcomes are distributed across students and communities. Participants raised questions about where students are located relative to schools and services, the availability and quality of childcare and aftercare, and how resources such as funding, teachers, facilities, and nutrition are allocated. Issues of equity were central, including language access, disability support, and differences in travel time and safety. Participants also expressed interest in how progress is tracked and how outcomes are measured in a changing technological landscape. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In the shareback, these themes converged around questions of distribution and accountability: How are quality, access, and cost balanced across the system? How is nutrition integrated into student outcomes? And how much funding is available, and where does it actually go?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Labor and Small Business\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The labor and small business discussion surfaced a set of pressures affecting both workers and local enterprises, including healthcare, benefits, wages, regulatory conditions, and access to capital and support. Participants noted how these factors are interconnected, with changes in one area shaping outcomes in others. Concerns about cost-of-living pressures, retirement security, and aging in place underscored the importance of long-term stability, while discussions of unions and public programs raised questions about accountability and effectiveness. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In the shareback, the group focused on questions related to transparency and responsibility: What evidence is needed to assess whether union welfare funds are being spent effectively compared to other public employee systems? What obligations do different levels of government have in providing healthcare? And how much funding is available at the local level to support public service employees aging in place?\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/d6120d58-2556-4235-a5fc-19c5c64ff791.JPG?width=1000&height=667\" alt=\"Dsc F0664\">\u003C/h3>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">KEY TAKEAWAYS\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Three themes stood out across the discussions. First, participants approached public issues as interconnected systems rather than discrete categories. Questions about affordability, housing, education, and labor consistently overlapped, reflecting how these challenges are experienced in practice, even as public data remains organized sector by sector.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Second, access and discoverability emerged as persistent challenges across topics. Participants focused on where public programs, services, and resources are located, who can access them, whether they are reaching people in practice, and how well they align with actual patterns of need.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Third, the session showed the importance of starting with lived experience. The strongest questions begin with everyday challenges and then connect to data. This highlights the need for stronger alignment between community priorities, the questions being asked, and the data systems used to answer them.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong> \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">LOOKING AHEAD\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The Questions Lab reinforced the importance of focusing on the questions that data is meant to answer. It also demonstrated a replicable model for connecting community insight to data-driven action: starting with lived experience, translating that into structured questions, and linking those questions to data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The questions identified during the session point to opportunities to improve how data is collected, shared, and applied across New York City. They also highlight the growing role of open data in the age of AI. As tools make it easier to access and analyze information, the central challenge is ensuring that the right questions are being asked and that systems are equipped to respond to them.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong> \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">As cities continue to invest in open data, embedding this kind of participatory approach will be critical to ensuring that data is not only available, but meaningful and actionable. Strengthening the connection between community perspectives and data systems will help ensure that data more effectively informs decisions, guides policy, and supports more inclusive public problem-solving.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong> \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">REFLECTIONS\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Manny Patole, NYU (Professor and Co-Organizer)\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Open Data Week with The Governance Lab and Brooklyn Public Library was a meaningful reminder that engaged communities remain deeply interested in shaping how data informs public life. It was especially valuable to see students experience, in real time, how classroom readings and lessons translated directly into practice through the work led by Stefaan and GovLab. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The event reflected many of the principles we discuss in class: that community and question science are ongoing, relational efforts. Only through human interaction, conversation, and trust can we better understand what communities want, what they need, and develop questions and data practices that produce useful public knowledge.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong> \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Claudia Duran Garcia, NYU Student Volunteer\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The conversation in the “Labor and Small Business” breakout group sparked instantly. Engaging with fellow New Yorkers across generations with unique lived experiences was a highlight of the workshop. Hearing from a retired union teacher seeking data to defend healthcare benefits that were once promised underscored a vital truth: data tells us the “what” but people tell us the “why”.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">This event reinforced my belief that data-driven and mission-driven decision-making must go hand in hand. I strongly resonated with the observation that we often prioritize data collection over the thoughtful formulation of the questions themselves. While formulating well-crafted questions is difficult, it is a critical step in driving meaningful change. The \"Questions Lab\" (Q-Lab) concept is a great initiative for researchers, activists, and decision-makers alike. I am eager to see how the Q-Lab framework fosters a more inclusive, responsive New York.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\"> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Chaitanya Kukreja, NYU Student Volunteer\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Attending the Open data and Better Questions event during NYC Open Data Week was a grateful experience for me. This was the first time formally I sat in a room where real citizens/public (New Yorkers, regardless of background) discussed issues through the lens of their Lived experience. The energy in the room was welcoming, creative and genuinely collaborative. Everyone’s perspective was respected, and watching people organically choose the bigger categories(early childhood & education,housing, affordability, labor and small business) according to their interest before drilling into specific questions showed me what real community engagement looks and feels like. I am someone who values education and the conversation around childcare and education was really good. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">People raised some questions like: where are quality childcare programs? How is the budget allocated, and where does it actually go? How to find quality teachers? These were not abstract questions they came from parents and people navigating their lives and finding good childcare/education for their children. One moment that made me understand more was discussion around school surveys that parents fill, where only few parents fill it, that partial response is rarely flagged making the data skew silently. It made me question reliability, consistency and trust: why should we trust data that doesn’t capture the full picture? - of course there will not always be 100% participation but how do we ensure the data is trustful?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">What also moved me was realizing how many people still don’t know where data lives or how to access it and that is not just a technical gap but it is an awareness problem too. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">This connects to something I now see more clearly through courses I take at CUSP and experiences I have had. A course that it connects to is Citizen and the City at CUSP, where we explore how communities use data, design thinking and appreciative inquiry to address urban challenges and co-creation of different community led projects. This event was that framework alive in a room. It also made me think about the AI dimension: How are education and childcare programs actually utilizing AI and how do we ensure it works meaningfully, rather than just existing or not used well? Also, I love to teach and love designing something meaningful for students that makes them grow and independent to think. This made me think about what the next generation (not just next but in fact the previous generations needed this too) truly needs: not just information delivery but development of creativity, critical thinking, and skills that prepare them for a future which we can’t predict fully.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Trust, reliability, human judgement, passion, engagement, and intuition are things AI cannot substitute and this event reminded me that good data like good education has to be built with communities not just for them. The conversation during the event was wide ranging and unstructured - but that is part of community engagement and I love it. Through human judgement I chose to highlight what I believe can bring change/impact.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/open-data-and-better-questions-engaging-new-yorkers-to-develop-questions-that-matter-in-the-age-of-ai",{"title":153,"description":156},"open-data-and-better-questions-engaging-new-yorkers-to-develop-questions-that-matter-in-the-age-of-ai","blogposts/open-data-and-better-questions-engaging-new-yorkers-to-develop-questions-that-matter-in-the-age-of-ai",[59,58,61],"evcyaFHFhxy7eos3ZVzsuC_kV1zNDK_5fFVPZKez8Lo",{"id":167,"title":168,"author":97,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":169,"body":34,"category":44,"date":170,"description":171,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":168,"image":172,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":173,"meta":174,"navigation":15,"path":175,"registrationLink":34,"seo":176,"slug":177,"startTime":34,"stem":178,"tags":179,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":183},"blogposts/blogposts/ai-summer-data-winter-what-the-ai-index-reveals-and-what-it-doesnt-yet-measure.json","AI Summer, Data Winter: What the AI Index Reveals — and What It Doesn’t Yet Measure",[],"2026-04-09T12:00:00","The AI Index Report 2026, released this week by Stanford HAI, offers a compelling portrait of what can only be described as an ongoing AI Summer. The indicators are striking: rapid adoption reaching more than half the population within three years, surging investment, near-human performance across multiple domains, and widespread deployment in science, medicine, and the economy. By nearly every conventional metric — capability, capital, and diffusion — AI is accelerating. \n\nImage copyrights: Picture by Deborah Lupton / https://betterimagesofai.org / https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/b71f02f2-b81f-446d-b9fa-977eb618ce6c","\u003Cp id=\"6d72\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The \u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"https://hai.stanford.edu/assets/files/ai_index_report_2026.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">AI Index Report 2026, \u003C/a>released this week by \u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"https://hai.stanford.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Stanford HAI\u003C/a>, offers a compelling portrait of what can only be described as an ongoing AI Summer. The indicators are striking: rapid adoption reaching more than half the population within three years, surging investment, near-human performance across multiple domains, and widespread deployment in science, medicine, and the economy. By nearly every conventional metric — capability, capital, and diffusion — AI is accelerating. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/1e785412-9146-44af-ab54-2b4e682fcaf3.webp?width=1502&height=1128\" alt=\"1 Da Fvd A5 Icm Yv0 Pd Oxkovg\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>                                                             AI Index Report 2026 — \u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"http://v/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Figure 2.1.1\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7c76\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Yet, embedded within the report is a quieter but more consequential story: the deepening of a \u003Cem class=\"oo\">data winter\u003C/em>. Nowhere is this more clearly articulated than in the report’s own section on the potential exhaustion of training data (page 25).\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"e7ba\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The report notes growing concern among leading researchers that we may be approaching “peak data”—a point at which access to high-quality human-generated text and web data is effectively exhausted. \u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"https://epoch.ai/blog/will-we-run-out-of-data-limits-of-llm-scaling-based-on-human-generated-data/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Some projections\u003C/a> suggest that this depletion could occur as early as sometime between 2026 and 2032. This is not a marginal issue. Data exhaustion directly challenges the scaling paradigm that has underpinned AI’s recent breakthroughs. What appears as exponential growth in capability may, in fact, be approaching a structural ceiling–not due to limits in compute or model design, but due to constraints in \u003Cem class=\"oo\">data availability\u003C/em>. In other words, the AI summer may be running on finite fuel.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c392\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The report further underscores that synthetic data — often proposed as a solution to data scarcity — has not yet proven to be a full substitute for real-world data, particularly in pre-training contexts. While hybrid approaches combining real and synthetic data can accelerate training, they do not surpass the performance of models trained on high-quality real data. Purely synthetic training, meanwhile, remains effective only in narrower or smaller-scale settings (e.g., for specialized RAG applications or sector-specific models). The implication is clear: the quality and diversity of real-world data remain irreplaceable at the frontier.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/4eb77131-7cc7-44a6-a143-5d22fc6a2ecf.webp?width=2002&height=1056\" alt=\"1 C Y71vfzyo Cksh Mmz Qd Ffyg\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">                                                           AI Index Report 2026 \u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/gsuiteintegration/index.html?state=%7B%22ids%22%3A%5B%2211--f8eAaRl76UdFtkoPzrBvEOjhBM2t_%22%5D%2C%22action%22%3A%22open%22%2C%22userId%22%3A%22102870410349615907057%22%2C%22resourceKeys%22%3A%7B%7D%7D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Figure 1.1.17\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">At the same time, the nature of available data is changing in ways that further complicate the picture. The report highlights that more than 50% of new online content may now be AI-generated (see Figure). This introduces a feedback loop in which models are increasingly trained on synthetic or derivative data, raising concerns about model collapse, degradation, and the erosion of informational diversity. The internet, once a vast reservoir of human-generated data, is becoming a recursive system of machine-generated outputs.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"26b3\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz nb nc nd nf ng nh nj nk nl nn no np nr ns ta nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Faced with these constraints, and often as a direct response to the “\u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/the-weaponisation-of-openness-toward-a-new-social-contract-for-data-in-the-ai-era-fb9f49ef6109\" rel=\"noopener\" data-discover=\"true\">weaponisation of openness\u003C/a>” that has been associated with data-extractive behavior, data holders are adapting—not by expanding open data access, but by limiting it. This marks a critical transition: from an era of relatively open web-scale data to one of negotiated, exclusive, and often opaque data ecosystems.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"844a\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This enclosure is the essence of the data winter. As \u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5660451&__cf_chl_tk=Jejtw5pji.xEMo1qTGgYdumfzRuILfxCm2bNNP_ZhNM-1776106595-1.0.1.1-AX4rOuqw0LqdenFAgA5PbhBEaAINgzRK1N2ZyL3ub9Q\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">I have written elsewhere\u003C/a>, the data winter stems is not from an absence of data but from the shrinking availability of \u003Cem class=\"oo\">accessible, high-quality, and reusable data, \u003C/em>especially for actors outside a small set of well-resourced organizations.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6d0d\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">While the report meticulously tracks compute growth, model performance, and investment flows, it does not systematically measure these enclosures and erosions of information openness (apart from 3 pages on data bottlenecks, pages 25–27). Nonetheless, several of its findings point directly to this dynamic. The increasing opacity of frontier models — where training datasets, methodologies, and even parameter counts are withheld — signals a broader enclosure of the data ecosystem. The dominance of API-based access models reinforces a shift to ownership and controlled usage. Meanwhile, the limited use of real-world data in domains such as clinical AI underscores how persistent governance and access barriers are already constraining impact, resulting in systems that do not generalize well, miss critical edge cases, and lack robust evidence of real-world effectiveness.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f1ff\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">All told, the report highlights that the AI ecosystem is experiencing unprecedented expansion in capability and adoption, while simultaneously facing growing constraints in its foundational resource (data). This creates a form of \u003Cem class=\"oo\">asymmetric acceleration, \u003C/em>marked by rapid progress within a concentrated set of actors but increasing barriers for the broader research, policy, and public interest communities.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"05db\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">From a measurement perspective, this suggests the need to include data access more prominently in future AI indices. While the report’s current format excels at capturing the dynamics of the AI summer, it lacks equivalent indicators for diagnosing the data winter. These indicators could include:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"d167\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt oq or os bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Accessibility of training and evaluation data for independent researchers\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"62f7\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz ot nb nc nd ou nf ng nh ov nj nk nl ow nn no np ox nr ns nt oq or os bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Availability of high-quality, real-world datasets for public interest applications\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"9f30\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz ot nb nc nd ou nf ng nh ov nj nk nl ow nn no np ox nr ns nt oq or os bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Degree of openness vs. enclosure in data ecosystems\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"35f1\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz ot nb nc nd ou nf ng nh ov nj nk nl ow nn no np ox nr ns nt oq or os bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Legal and governance barriers to cross-sector data sharing\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"e7f2\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz ot nb nc nd ou nf ng nh ov nj nk nl ow nn no np ox nr ns nt oq or os bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The presence (or absence) of data intermediaries enabling reuse.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"af44\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Metrics such as these–and many more–would provide a more complete picture of the AI ecosystem’s true health and trajectory. The \u003Cem class=\"oo\">AI Index Report 2026\u003C/em>, while informative and in many ways accurate, also reveals, perhaps unintentionally, a big blind spot/gap in the researcher–and practitioner–landscape. Ultimately, responsible access to AI Ready data may determine whether this AI summer can endure.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/ai-summer-data-winter-what-the-ai-index-reveals-and-what-it-doesnt-yet-measure",{"title":168,"description":171},"ai-summer-data-winter-what-the-ai-index-reveals-and-what-it-doesnt-yet-measure","blogposts/ai-summer-data-winter-what-the-ai-index-reveals-and-what-it-doesnt-yet-measure",[58,180,181,182],"aiindex","humanagency","measurement","BC9Bkm0i9eGVblq1hLzK7jg7vpE85Ht7rADDiaUl2LQ",{"id":185,"title":186,"author":187,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":188,"body":34,"category":44,"date":189,"description":190,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":186,"image":191,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":192,"meta":193,"navigation":15,"path":194,"registrationLink":34,"seo":195,"slug":196,"startTime":34,"stem":197,"tags":198,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":199},"blogposts/blogposts/data-governance-in-the-ai-era-10-shifts-redefining-data-institutions-and-practice.json","Data Governance in the AI Era: 10 Shifts Redefining Data, Institutions, and Practice ","Stefaan G. Verhulst",[],"2026-04-07T12:00:00","As artificial intelligence systems rapidly evolve and start to impact nearly every sector of society, the conversation around governance has mainly focused on models (and their output): their transparency, fairness, accountability, and alignment. Yet this focus, while necessary, is incomplete. AI systems are only as reliable, equitable, and effective as the data (input) on which they are trained and operate.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/d286e56f-1179-4f39-8200-630dc667fea6","\u003Cp id=\"0c17\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">As artificial intelligence systems rapidly evolve and start to impact nearly every sector of society, the conversation around governance has mainly \u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5958674\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">focused on models (and their output):\u003C/a> their transparency, fairness, accountability, and alignment. Yet this focus, while necessary, is incomplete. AI systems are only as reliable, equitable, and effective as the data (input) on which they are trained and operate.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7b6e\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"my hp\">Data governance is not peripheral to AI governance — \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/interwoven-realms-data-governance-as-the-bedrock-for-ai-governance-ffd56a6a4543\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003Cstrong class=\"my hp\">it is its bedrock\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"my hp\">.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7bb7\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">At the same time, the rise of AI is not simply placing new demands on data governance; it is fundamentally transforming it. What counts as data, how it is curated, who has a say in its use, and which institutional arrangements govern it are all being reimagined in response to AI’s capabilities and risks.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6d36\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This essay examines 10 key areas or shifts where \u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/what-is-data-governance-report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">data governance\u003C/a> is being reshaped—either to accommodate AI or as a direct consequence of it.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"f15e\" class=\"on oo ho bb op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj pk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">1. Redefining What Counts as Data\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp id=\"daec\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz pl nb nc nd pm nf ng nh pn nj nk nl po nn no np pp nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Historically, data governance focused on structured, tabular datasets—administrative records, surveys, and spreadsheets. Today, the center of gravity has shifted toward unstructured data: text, images, audio, video, and multimodal content that fuel large-scale models.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"e38a\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Large Language Models (LLMs) in particular rely on vast corpora often scraped from the web, raising new governance challenges around provenance, consent, copyright, and representativeness.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/03995aa7-6edc-4734-8a62-5f9c89f6be59.webp?width=1100&height=682\" alt=\"1 Snlq Isl Bf Kly Bbm8 W1t6dg\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f633\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">At the same time, AI is no longer just a consumer of data — it is a producer of data\u003Cstrong class=\"my hp\">.\u003C/strong> Synthetic text, images, and signals generated by AI systems are increasingly fed back into training pipelines, raising the specter of \u003Cem class=\"pr\">model collapse\u003C/em> and necessitating governance frameworks for machine-generated data itself.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"ce02\" class=\"on oo ho bb op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj pk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">2. From FAIR to FAIR-R\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp id=\"947d\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz pl nb nc nd pm nf ng nh pn nj nk nl po nn no np pp nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The FAIR principles — Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable — have long guided data stewardship and remain fundamental to enabling responsible access to data for reuse. But AI systems require more.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ae5b\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">We are witnessing the need to extend \u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5164337\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">FAIR to FAIR-R\u003C/a> (Ready-for-AI) to include the following:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"2d0f\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Structured metadata for machine interpretability;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"a2e0\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz pv nb nc nd pw nf ng nh px nj nk nl py nn no np pz nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Better documentation of lineage and provenance;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"170c\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz pv nb nc nd pw nf ng nh px nj nk nl py nn no np pz nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Bias and representativeness assessments;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"6233\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz pv nb nc nd pw nf ng nh px nj nk nl py nn no np pz nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Alignment with responsible AI practices.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"c9e3\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">In short, data must now be not only reusable but also \u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"http://v/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">reusable by machines\u003C/a> in ways that are safe, auditable, and aligned with societal values.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"1c39\" class=\"on oo ho bb op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj pk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">3. The Rise of Context as Infrastructure\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp id=\"f88c\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz pl nb nc nd pm nf ng nh pn nj nk nl po nn no np pp nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Data without context is increasingly unusable in AI systems. Models require not just raw inputs but structured information about meaning, relationships, and intended use.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"e065\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This has led to the development of new protocols such as \u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"https://www.anthropic.com/news/model-context-protocol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Model Context Protocol (MCP),\u003C/a> which aims to standardize how context—such as tools, memory, and environmental information—is structured and transmitted to AI systems alongside data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"bddb\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Context is becoming a form of infrastructure — governed, curated, and standardized — shaping \u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"https://www.anthropic.com/engineering/effective-context-engineering-for-ai-agents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">how AI systems \u003C/a>interpret and act upon data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"3af1\" class=\"on oo ho bb op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj pk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">4. From Data Stewardship to Strategic Data Stewardship\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp id=\"0eb7\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz pl nb nc nd pm nf ng nh pn nj nk nl po nn no np pp nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Traditional data stewardship focused on compliance, management, and quality control. In the age of AI, this is insufficient.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"4e3c\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">There is a growing need for \u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.06687\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">strategic data stewardship\u003C/a> — a proactive, purpose-driven approach that:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"4ae4\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Aligns data use with public value\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"2440\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz pv nb nc nd pw nf ng nh px nj nk nl py nn no np pz nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Anticipates downstream AI applications\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"010b\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz pv nb nc nd pw nf ng nh px nj nk nl py nn no np pz nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Brokers relationships across sectors\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"43cd\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz pv nb nc nd pw nf ng nh px nj nk nl py nn no np pz nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Enables responsible reuse at scale\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"82fb\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The role of the data steward is evolving from custodian to orchestrator of data ecosystems.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"98cf\" class=\"on oo ho bb op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj pk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">5. New Licensing Regimes for the AI Era\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp id=\"1182\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz pl nb nc nd pm nf ng nh pn nj nk nl po nn no np pp nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Existing data licensing frameworks—such as \u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"https://creativecommons.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Creative Commons\u003C/a>—were not designed with AI training in mind.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d525\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">In response, \u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"https://datalicenses.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">new approaches are emerging\u003C/a>, including AI-specific licenses and signaling mechanisms (e.g., “\u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"https://creativecommons.org/ai-and-the-commons/cc-signals/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">cc-signal\u003C/a>”) that indicate whether and how data can be used for model training.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1b13\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">These developments reflect a broader transition: from static permissioning toward signalling of preferences and more dynamic, machine-readable governance of data rights.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"48d9\" class=\"on oo ho bb op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj pk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">6. Social License and Participatory Governance\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp id=\"3f32\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz pl nb nc nd pm nf ng nh pn nj nk nl po nn no np pp nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Legal compliance and \u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"http://v/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">acquiring consent \u003C/a>alone are no longer sufficient to legitimize data use in AI systems. Public trust increasingly depends on broader notions of \u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5255677\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">social license.\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"cba3\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz nb nc nd nf ng nh nj nk nl nn no np nr ns to nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">We are seeing the rise of participatory mechanisms—citizen assemblies, stakeholder consultations, community governance models—that allow affected groups to shape decisions about how their data is used.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"be5e\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This marks a shift from consent as a transaction to agency as a process.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"50c1\" class=\"on oo ho bb op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj pk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">7. New Institutional Forms: Data Commons and Beyond\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp id=\"d145\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz pl nb nc nd pm nf ng nh pn nj nk nl po nn no np pp nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">To counter risks of data extraction and concentration, \u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=6364718\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">new institutional arrangements\u003C/a> are emerging, including \u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/data-commons-missing-infrastructure-public-interest-verhulst-phd-k8eec/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">data commons\u003C/a>, cooperatives, and trusts.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"519e\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">These models aim to:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"7732\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Embed collective governance;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"c4c3\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz pv nb nc nd pw nf ng nh px nj nk nl py nn no np pz nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Align data use with community preferences and shared goals;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"f47e\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz pv nb nc nd pw nf ng nh px nj nk nl py nn no np pz nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Redistribute value generated from data.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/a3cbc405-8be0-4169-8844-5b670ef34966.webp?width=1100&height=657\" alt=\"1 Jx Zn2al a Txa Poz C4yd B4tg\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0dcb\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">In the AI context, such arrangements are critical to ensuring that data is not merely extracted but mobilized for collective agency and public benefit.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"0b90\" class=\"on oo ho bb op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj pk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">8. Synthetic Data as a Governance Tool\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp id=\"aaf2\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz pl nb nc nd pm nf ng nh pn nj nk nl po nn no np pp nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Synthetic data—artificially generated datasets that mimic real-world patterns—has gained traction as a way to address privacy, access, and scarcity challenges.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5f0c\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.03791\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">When done responsibly\u003C/a>, its governance implications include:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"284c\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">It can enable safe data sharing without exposing sensitive information;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"d6dd\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz pv nb nc nd pw nf ng nh px nj nk nl py nn no np pz nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">It can fill gaps in underrepresented datasets;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"e0bc\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz pv nb nc nd pw nf ng nh px nj nk nl py nn no np pz nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">It raises questions about fidelity, bias amplification, and misuse.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"52c4\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">As such, synthetic data is not just a technical solution — it is a new object of governance in its own right.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"3454\" class=\"on oo ho bb op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj pk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">9. AI for Data Governance\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp id=\"b383\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz pl nb nc nd pm nf ng nh pn nj nk nl po nn no np pp nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">AI is not only governed by data governance — it is increasingly used to perform data governance. Applications include:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"de71\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"https://blogs.worldbank.org/en/opendata/beyond-keywords--ai-driven-approaches-to-improve-data-discoverab0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Automated data discovery and classification\u003C/a>;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"712e\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz pv nb nc nd pw nf ng nh px nj nk nl py nn no np pz nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"https://medium.com/glassdoor-engineering/data-quality-at-petabyte-scale-building-trust-in-the-data-lifecycle-7052361307a4\" rel=\"noopener\">Quality assessment and anomaly detection\u003C/a>;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"dd7d\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz pv nb nc nd pw nf ng nh px nj nk nl py nn no np pz nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Monitoring compliance and usage patterns;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"7e89\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz pv nb nc nd pw nf ng nh px nj nk nl py nn no np pz nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Auditing datasets and models for bias and risk.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"b02a\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This introduces both efficiencies and new risks, as governance itself becomes partially automated.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"0428\" class=\"on oo ho bb op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj pk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">10. The Emergence of AI Agents in Data Governance\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp id=\"3b8b\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz pl nb nc nd pm nf ng nh pn nj nk nl po nn no np pp nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Finally, the rise of AI agents — systems capable of autonomous, multi-step decision-making — signals a new frontier as it relates to data management and governance. \u003Ca class=\"z om\" href=\"https://www.forbes.com/councils/forbestechcouncil/2026/02/02/ai-ready-data-a-paradigm-shift-from-traditional-data-governance-to-agent-driven-intelligent-enablement/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">These agents\u003C/a> have been used to:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"f32e\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Negotiate data access\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"e037\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz pv nb nc nd pw nf ng nh px nj nk nl py nn no np pz nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Enforce governance rules\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"62b1\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz pv nb nc nd pw nf ng nh px nj nk nl py nn no np pz nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Manage data pipelines dynamically\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"4c55\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz pv nb nc nd pw nf ng nh px nj nk nl py nn no np pz nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Act as intermediaries between users and data ecosystems\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"11e2\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This raises fundamental questions about delegation, accountability, and control in governance systems where machines act on behalf of humans.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"8d21\" class=\"on oo ho bb op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj pk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Conclusion: Data Governance as a Living Practice\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/52041736-ef9b-4eac-b1fc-4a0578d097b4.webp?width=1100&height=738\" alt=\"1 E4 Kae Uw O R19 Pm V Ovo Q G6 Vq\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"694d\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Data governance is the foundation upon which AI systems are built. But in the age of AI, it is no longer a static foundation — it is a dynamic, evolving practice and system shaped by the very technologies it enables.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a107\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">We are moving toward a world where:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"96d3\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Data governance shapes AI;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"c0db\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz pv nb nc nd pw nf ng nh px nj nk nl py nn no np pz nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">AI reshapes data governance;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"92d5\" class=\"mw mx ho my b mz pv nb nc nd pw nf ng nh px nj nk nl py nn no np pz nr ns nt ps pt pu bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">And both co-evolve in a continuous feedback loop.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"94ae\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The challenge ahead is not simply to adapt existing frameworks but to reimagine data governance as a living practice and system—capable of ensuring that AI serves not only efficiency and innovation but also equity, accountability, and the public good.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph mw mx ho my b mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt hh bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Image C: Daniela Zampieri / https://betterimagesofai.org / https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/data-governance-in-the-ai-era-10-shifts-redefining-data-institutions-and-practice",{"title":186,"description":190},"data-governance-in-the-ai-era-10-shifts-redefining-data-institutions-and-practice","blogposts/data-governance-in-the-ai-era-10-shifts-redefining-data-institutions-and-practice",[148,149,110,61],"bRLujpvg7MZikgMoEXH7Em4TmZvDi1Zh0yHDE8DpL2E",{"id":201,"title":202,"author":203,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":204,"body":34,"category":44,"date":189,"description":205,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":202,"image":206,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":207,"meta":208,"navigation":15,"path":209,"registrationLink":34,"seo":210,"slug":211,"startTime":34,"stem":212,"tags":213,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":215},"blogposts/blogposts/research-radar-statgpt-and-the-fourth-wave-of-open-data.json","Research Radar: StatGPT and the Fourth Wave of Open Data","Stefaan Verhulst & Adam Zable",[],"Stefaan Verhulst and Adam Zable argue that the biggest challenge in open data is no longer access, but usability, as official statistics remain difficult to find, interpret, and apply. Drawing on the International Monetary Fund’s StatGPT new research, it shows how artificial intelligence could transform access through natural language interfaces, while warning that accuracy and trust depend on retrieving authoritative data rather than generating answers. The article situates this shift within a broader “Fourth Wave of Open Data,” calling for new data systems and governance approaches that make information truly usable and reliable.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/345b82d2-7e2c-40cb-b2e9-c97aaf0fbeaf","\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Despite decades of investment in statistical systems and open data initiatives, official data remains difficult to discover, interpret, and apply in practice. The challenge is no longer one of availability, but of (re)usability. This persistent gap underscores a broader paradox at the heart of contemporary data governance: data may be open, yet it remains functionally inaccessible for many intended users.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In this context, the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.imf.org/en/home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">International Monetary Fund\u003Cspan class=\"sr-only\">(opens in new window)\u003C/span>\u003C/a> has been a pioneer in exploring how artificial intelligence and open data can intersect to address this usability challenge. Its \u003Ca href=\"https://www.imf.org/-/media/files/publications/dp/2026/english/saiosea.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">StatGPT: AI for Official Statistics\u003Cspan class=\"sr-only\">(opens in new window)\u003C/span>\u003C/a> report, by \u003Ca href=\"https://www.imf.org/en/blogs/authors/james%20tebrake\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">James Tebrake\u003Cspan class=\"sr-only\">(opens in new window)\u003C/span>\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/el-bachir-boukherouaa-7b378531/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bachir Boukherouaa\u003Cspan class=\"sr-only\">(opens in new window)\u003C/span>\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/jeff-danforth-07781a186/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jeff Danforth\u003Cspan class=\"sr-only\">(opens in new window)\u003C/span>\u003C/a>, and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/nira-h/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Niva Harikrishnan\u003Cspan class=\"sr-only\">(opens in new window)\u003C/span>\u003C/a>, offers a timely and important contribution to this evolving conversation - pointing toward a future where AI can make official data more navigable, interpretable, and actionable.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cblockquote>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The data challenge is no longer just about availability, but about (re)usability.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/blockquote>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The report provides a detailed account of the friction users face across the data lifecycle. Even highly motivated users must navigate fragmented portals, inconsistent terminology, and siloed datasets, often spending significant time assembling information that should be readily accessible. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The result is a fragmented ecosystem in which metadata and data are \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/en/home/statistics/catalogue.assetdetail.33487133.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">distributed\u003Cspan class=\"sr-only\">(opens in new window)\u003C/span>\u003C/a> across institutions and platforms, forcing users to navigate multiple systems and standards—and to reconstruct context—before they can assess whether the data is re-usable. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">This resonates strongly with broader observations across the open data ecosystem: access alone does not guarantee impact. Without the ability to meaningfully engage with data, openness risks becoming performative rather than transformative.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"heading-1\" dir=\"ltr\">The Promise and Limits of AI-Mediated Data Access\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In this context, the report turns to generative AI. At first glance, large language models appear to offer a breakthrough. They can enable conversational access to complex datasets, lowering the barriers to entry. Tasks that previously took hours—searching, filtering, downloading, and combining datasets—can now be completed in minutes. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">This aligns closely with what we have described in our work as the emerging “\u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.04333\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fourth Wave of Open Data\u003Cspan class=\"sr-only\">(opens in new window)\u003C/span>\u003C/a>”: a shift from static access to dynamic, interaction-based engagement with data. This builds on earlier phases of open data, from transparency to open-by-default publication to purpose-driven reuse, toward a model in which data is accessed and reused through AI-mediated interaction.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">However, the report is equally clear about the limitations of current AI approaches. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cblockquote>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">When asked to retrieve numerical data, general-purpose models frequently produce results that are not just incorrect, but ‘reasonably incorrect’ and plausible enough to pass casual scrutiny.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/blockquote>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">When asked to retrieve numerical data, general-purpose models frequently produce results that are not just incorrect, but ‘\u003Ca href=\"https://cdn.openai.com/pdf/d04913be-3f6f-4d2b-b283-ff432ef4aaa5/why-language-models-hallucinate.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reasonably incorrect\u003Cspan class=\"sr-only\">(opens in new window)\u003C/span>\u003C/a>’ - values that appear plausible enough to pass casual scrutiny. This outcome is not surprising, since these systems are fundamentally \u003Ca href=\"https://rss.org.uk/RSS/media/File-library/Policy/2026/AI-is-Statistics-FINAL.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">statistical in nature, meaning \u003Cspan class=\"sr-only\">(opens in new window)\u003C/span>\u003C/a>they are designed not to verify whether a number is authoritative or exact, but to predict plausible outputs from patterns in data. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">This is a critical insight. In domains such as official statistics, where precision is non-negotiable, even small deviations can \u003Ca href=\"https://mitsloan.mit.edu/ideas-made-to-matter/what-happens-when-us-economic-data-becomes-unreliable\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">undermine trust and lead to flawed decisions\u003Cspan class=\"sr-only\">(opens in new window)\u003C/span>\u003C/a>. The report’s empirical testing—showing relatively low accuracy rates across repeated queries—underscores the risks of relying on generative AI as a source of truth. \u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"heading-2\" dir=\"ltr\">StatGPT and the Shift to AI as Interface\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">These limitations point to a deeper question about responsibility. If AI systems are not designed to distinguish between plausible and authoritative answers, then who is responsible for ensuring that users receive correct information? Should the companies behind these systems be expected to return authoritative data, or should the onus fall on data producers to ensure their data is structured in ways that AI systems can reliably access and interpret? \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In practice, the report suggests that while both sides play a role, the burden increasingly falls on data producers to ensure that official statistics can be accessed and understood correctly in an AI-mediated environment. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">This reflects a \u003Ca href=\"https://webtv.un.org/en/asset/k1z/k1z77fpw1i\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">broader shift\u003Cspan class=\"sr-only\">(opens in new window)\u003C/span>\u003C/a> in the role of national statistical offices, from passive data producers to active stewards of trusted data, which requires them to design outputs not only for human users but also for machine consumption, strengthen attribution, and engage more actively with technology platforms and AI developers.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">It is this reframing away from expecting AI to produce authoritative answers and toward ensuring that it can reliably retrieve them that helps explain the logic behind the proposed solution, StatGPT. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cblockquote>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">AI becomes an interface layer, not a knowledge producer.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/blockquote>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Rather than using AI to generate answers, the system uses AI to interpret user intent and translate it into structured queries against authoritative data sources. In other words, AI becomes an interface layer, not a knowledge producer. This distinction is subtle but profound. It preserves the usability benefits of natural language interaction while anchoring outputs in verified, source-of-truth data. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">This approach strongly echoes the direction outlined in our own work on the Fourth Wave of Open Data. In this new phase, data is no longer something users download and analyze separately; it becomes something they interact with through intelligent systems. But for this interaction to be meaningful, data must be “\u003Ca href=\"https://blogs.worldbank.org/en/opendata/from-open-data-to-ai-ready-data--building-the-foundations-for-re\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">AI-ready\u003Cspan class=\"sr-only\">(opens in new window)\u003C/span>\u003C/a>”—structured, interoperable, richly annotated, and accessible through machine-readable interfaces. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The IMF report reinforces this point by emphasizing the need for robust APIs, improved metadata standards, and harmonized data models.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">This is not simply a matter of formatting, but of ensuring that AI systems can reliably connect user intent to the correct data. For AI systems to function effectively, they must be able to map natural language queries to precise statistical concepts, something that depends on rich, consistent metadata and clearly defined data structures. Metadata plays a central role not only in locating data, but in enabling systems to assess its relevance, reliability, and comparability across sources. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Without this, even well-designed systems can return the wrong series, units, or time frames. In practice, gaps in metadata can lead systems to make implicit assumptions—for example, equating a general concept like “inflation” with whichever indicator is most readily available—introducing subtle but significant errors. Formats designed primarily for human navigation, such as spreadsheets or static tables, further limit AI systems' ability to retrieve authoritative values, whereas APIs enable precise, structured queries that return the exact published figure.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">These technical limitations, in turn, have important governance implications. \u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"heading-3\" dir=\"ltr\">Toward Trustworthy and Governable Data Ecosystems\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">As data is increasingly accessed through intermediated AI systems, questions of ownership, attribution, and accountability become more pressing. The current ecosystem already suffers from issues such as \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ibm.com/think/insights/data-quality-issues\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">duplicated datasets\u003Cspan class=\"sr-only\">(opens in new window)\u003C/span>\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.techradar.com/pro/what-is-version-drift-in-ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">outdated versions\u003Cspan class=\"sr-only\">(opens in new window)\u003C/span>\u003C/a>, and \u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/html/2404.12691v1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">unclear provenance, \u003Cspan class=\"sr-only\">(opens in new window)\u003C/span>\u003C/a>often obscuring the original source of the data and making it difficult for users to verify, interpret, or update what they are using. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In many cases, data is copied and redistributed across platforms in ways that break the chain of ownership, leaving users uncertain about who produced the data or where to turn for clarification. The absence of clear standards for attribution, versioning, and ownership undermines trust in both the data and the systems that rely on it. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cblockquote>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The Fourth Wave of Open Data is not only about technological innovation; it is also about rethinking the institutional and governance arrangements that underpin data access.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/blockquote>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Addressing this requires making ownership explicit. Systems must not only return data, but clearly indicate who produced it and, where possible, retrieve it directly from the original source rather than from secondary aggregators. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">This is where the connection to data stewardship efforts becomes particularly salient. The Fourth Wave of Open Data is not only about technological innovation; it is also about rethinking the institutional and governance arrangements that underpin data access. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Concepts such as \u003Ca href=\"https://one.oecd.org/document/DSTI/CDEP%282022%296/FINAL/en/pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">data stewardship\u003Cspan class=\"sr-only\">(opens in new window)\u003C/span>\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/reimagining-data-governance-for-ai-operationalizing-social-licensing-for-data-reuse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">social license\u003Cspan class=\"sr-only\">(opens in new window)\u003C/span>\u003C/a>, and \u003Ca href=\"https://joint-research-centre.ec.europa.eu/jrc-news-and-updates/data-intermediaries-more-inclusive-data-governance-how-do-they-work-2023-10-04_en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">trusted intermediaries\u003Cspan class=\"sr-only\">(opens in new window)\u003C/span>\u003C/a> become critical in ensuring that increased accessibility does not come at the expense of legitimacy. These concepts matter because increased access alone guarantees neither public trust nor public value; legitimacy and utility both depend on whether data is shared and reused through institutions and practices that are responsible, accountable, and oriented toward solving real-world problems. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">From a policy and practice perspective, the report carries several important implications. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>First\u003C/strong>, investments in open data must now extend beyond publication toward enabling interaction. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Second\u003C/strong>, AI adoption strategies must be grounded in an understanding of the limitations of current models, particularly in high-stakes domains. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Third\u003C/strong>, building AI-ready data systems requires coordinated action across technical, organizational, and governance dimensions. Achieving this will require collaboration between data producers, technology providers, and standards-setting bodies to ensure that data systems and AI systems evolve together.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cblockquote>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The challenge and opportunity lie in designing data ecosystems where usability and trust are not in tension, but mutually reinforcing.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/blockquote>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Ultimately, StatGPT reinforces a central insight of the Fourth Wave: the future of data is not simply more openness, but more meaningful and trustworthy use. AI can play a powerful role in unlocking the value of data, but only when coupled with systems that ensure accuracy, provenance, and accountability. The challenge—and opportunity—lies in designing data ecosystems where usability and trust are not in tension, but are mutually reinforcing.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In that sense, the report is both a technical proposal and a broader call to action. It invites the official statistics community and the wider data ecosystem to move beyond access as an end in itself toward a model of data engagement fit for an AI-driven world.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>Header image credit: Elise Racine & The Bigger Picture / https://betterimagesofai.org / https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\u003C/em>\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/research-radar-statgpt-and-the-fourth-wave-of-open-data",{"title":202,"description":205},"research-radar-statgpt-and-the-fourth-wave-of-open-data","blogposts/research-radar-statgpt-and-the-fourth-wave-of-open-data",[61,57,131,214],"StatGPT","i3Ur-vcmXhMvFnWUxjFQY-vw0otqIkSOwflQg9_rVY4",{"id":217,"title":218,"author":219,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":220,"body":34,"category":44,"date":221,"description":222,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":218,"image":223,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":224,"meta":225,"navigation":15,"path":226,"registrationLink":34,"seo":227,"slug":228,"startTime":34,"stem":229,"tags":230,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":234},"blogposts/blogposts/march-2026-data-stewardship-trends-to-watch-fourth-wave-of-open-data-ai-integration.json","March 2026 Data Stewardship Trends to Watch: Fourth Wave of Open Data & AI Integration","Paulina Behluli, Andrew Zahuranec",[],"2026-03-30T12:00:00","On March 2026, we organized our bi-monthly 'Data Stewardship Trends to Watch' session exclusively for our data stewardship alumni community, made available to the general public. ","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/3b2ba4fa-ea58-4986-960e-241b773e618c","\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">As AI and emerging technologies continue their development, data stewardship is more essential than ever. The risks and opportunities presented by this technology underscore the need for responsible human oversight on policy and societal challenges and the development of quality data via operational data collaborative infrastructures. Effective data stewardship can empower individuals while facilitating the responsible use of new technologies. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">On March 25, 2026,  Stefaan Verhulst hosted the second edition of the “Data Stewardship Trends to Watch” series for our growing data stewards alumni community (200+). The session focused on data governance innovations and looked at recent trends in the data stewardship environment. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Check out a recording of the full conversation \u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gNN3dudM3bk\">here\u003C/a>. The following resources were discussed during the session:\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Fourth Wave of Open Data / Model Context Protocol (MCP) and Open Data \u003C/h2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.04333\">A Fourth Wave of Open Data? Exploring the Spectrum of Scenarios for Open Data and Generative AI \u003C/a>Discussion followed on how AI could democratize data access through conversational interfaces. Participants also discussed Model Context Protocol (MCP) emerging as a key tool and proposed it be used as digital public infrastructure (once public authorities embed it) and more. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.fastcompany.com/91504876/boston-cio-santi-garces-on-ai-agents-mcp-open-data\">AI agents are coming for government. How one big city is letting them in\u003C/a> that builds the case on how the city of Boston built their own MCP and is experimenting with its use for public services. They also provide a collection of MCP servers designed for LLM and Agentic accessibility that can be accessed on \u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/thealphacubicle/boston-core-mcp\">Github\u003C/a>. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.civicaitools.org/\">Civic AI Tools\u003C/a> is an open-source project that connects AI assistants to government open data. It uses MCP to give AI models structured access to real datasets from cities like New York, Chicago, San Francisco, Seattle, and Los Angeles - in order to ask plain-language questions and receive output grounded in actual public data. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Another similar example is the use of AI agents for policy analysis like the example from DatHere on \u003Ca href=\"https://dathere.github.io/peoples-api-demos/NYC-Housing-Policy-SOD2026/\">Github\u003C/a> providing a detailed NYC housing policy analysis. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Importance of Context \u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In line with these developments, we are also witnessing a shift from prompt engineering to context engineering. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://reamby.substack.com/p/when-ai-is-fluent-in-data-but-illiterate\">When AI is Fluent in Data but Illiterate in Context\u003C/a> builds the case on the importance of context when using AI based on a case in Congo. Context literacy is important because if not taken into account it can lead to: \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"2\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Proxy fragility: Formal-economy indicators miss informal activity, leading to silent misrepresentation.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"2\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Interpretive drift: Models impose external categories that distort local realities.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"2\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Data absence bias: Lack of data is mistaken for lack of activity.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">StatGPT\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Amid these developments, official data remains hard to find, interpret, and use, and current GenAI tools often produce plausible but incorrect results, risking trust. In this regard, the International Monetary Fund has pushed \u003Ca href=\"https://www.imf.org/-/media/files/publications/dp/2026/english/saiosea.pdf\">the StatGPT report\u003C/a>. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Tabular Foundational Models\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Tabular foundation models are large-scale pre-trained neural networks that enable \"in-context learning\" on structured data, such as spreadsheets and SQL databases, eliminating the need for retraining or heavy hyperparameter tuning for new tasks. Select readings and tools are: \u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08328-6\">Accurate predictions on small data with a tabular foundation model\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/supply-chain-greenhouse-gas-emission-factors-v1-3-by-naics-6\">Supply Chain Greenhouse Gas Emission Factors v1.3 by NAICS-6\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://priorlabs.ai/\">Tabular Foundational Model Tool developed by Prior\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://fundamental.tech/\">Foundational Model for Enterprise developed by Fundamental Tech \u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Data Winter\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Despite AI democratization potential, we still face continued decline in data accessibility. This is proven by select evidence below: \u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://centre.humdata.org/the-state-of-open-humanitarian-data-2026/\">The State of Open Humanitarian Data 2026 report\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2026/02/digital-government-index-and-open-useful-and-re-usable-data-index_dbe102ed/6347ec74-en.pdf\">Digital Government Index and Open, Useful and Re-usable Data Index\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Data Extraction\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Another key concern amidst these developments are data extraction practices addressed by different open data and media communities. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.ft.com/content/d63d6291-687f-4e05-8b23-4d545d78c64a\">Mistral CEO: AI companies should pay a content levy in Europe\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://journals.plos.org/globalpublichealth/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgph.0005974\">America First, Africa Last? Health data deals and the new scramble for pathogens\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Policy Developments\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">As this is an ever-evolving field, innovations in policies addressing such developments are critical. Some policy developments can be accessed below: \u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://dataalliance.africa/wp-content/uploads/ACHPR_Res-620-Guidelines-Version-4.pdf\">Guidelines on promoting and harnessing data access as a tool for advancing human rights and sustainable development in the digital age\u003C/a> published by The African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.cnam.ie/app/uploads/2026/02/DSA-Article-40-4-11-Data-Access_Guidance_1.pdf\">Article 40(4-11) DSA: Guidance for Applicants\u003C/a> published by Coimisiún na Meán. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Finally, we wrapped the session by highlighting some of our internal updates and developments which can be accessed below: \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">We have recently launched our new dedicated website regarding our data stewardship efforts that can be accessed via \u003Ca href=\"https://datastewards.net/\">https://datastewards.net/\u003C/a>, a new course is live on\u003Ca href=\"https://innovate-us.org/open-data-as-a-foundation-for-ai-innovation/\"> Open Data as a Foundation for AI Innovation\u003C/a> and we are convening two online dialogues on \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/posts/thedatatank_final-lightning-talk-speakers-announcement-activity-7439566194132668416-7bSV/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=member_desktop&rcm=ACoAACTKWMoBlCMUKPCrBSz0t0QsR6hMMI7bMps\">media collective bargaining power vis-a-vis GenAI.  \u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In addition, select recent publications include: \u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/what-is-data-governance-report.pdf\">What is Data Governance: 30 Questions and Answers\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://tools.opendatapolicylab.org/files/data-governance-innovation-report.pdf\">Data Governance Innovations: Emerging practices and trends across the data life cycle\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/blog-recent-developments-in-data-access-policy/\">Policy Developments in Data Access Policy\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/selected-readings-on-indigenous-data-governance-2026-update-ab7e66fb579d\">Selected Readings on Indigenous Data Governance: 2026 Update\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Interested to learn more about data stewardship trends? Sign up for the Data Stewards Network mailing \u003Ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/go1HQH\">at this \u003C/a>\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/4337f0e3e319/9262kjy9ck\">link\u003C/a>. Or contact us directly at \u003Ca href=\"mailto:contact@datastewards.net\">contact@datastewards.net\u003C/a> to learn more. \u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/march-2026-data-stewardship-trends-to-watch-fourth-wave-of-open-data-ai-integration",{"title":218,"description":222},"march-2026-data-stewardship-trends-to-watch-fourth-wave-of-open-data-ai-integration","blogposts/march-2026-data-stewardship-trends-to-watch-fourth-wave-of-open-data-ai-integration",[57,231,232,233],"alumnicommunity","trends","updates","RdyJ1ljNemXQoXXCg-rTUWGFghvRco4NopcMy7T35YA",{"id":236,"title":237,"author":238,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":239,"body":34,"category":99,"date":240,"description":241,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":237,"image":242,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":243,"meta":244,"navigation":15,"path":245,"registrationLink":34,"seo":246,"slug":247,"startTime":34,"stem":248,"tags":249,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":251},"blogposts/blogposts/how-data-governance-is-evolving-mapping-innovations-across-the-data-lifecycle.json","How Data Governance Is Evolving: Mapping Innovations Across the Data Lifecycle","Begoña G. Otero and Stefaan Verhulst",[],"2026-03-23T11:30:00","This scan curates recent developments and maps them to the stages of the data life cycle where they are most relevant in practice: planning, collecting, processing, sharing, analyzing, and using data.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/83b95971-0c7b-4f34-957e-3a49050f13cf","\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">As organizations work with more complex, real-time, and AI-enabled data environments, data governance can no longer be treated as a downstream compliance exercise. It needs to be designed across the full data life cycle: from planning and collection to processing, sharing, analysis, and use. That is the premise behind our new scan released today: \u003Ca href=\"https://tools.opendatapolicylab.org/files/data-governance-innovation-report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003Cstrong>Data Governance Innovations: Emerging Practices and Trends Across the Data Life Cycle\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Developed as a companion to \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/new-resource-data-governance-without-the-jargon-30-questions-and-answers-to-clarify-terms-and-trends/\">our Q&A, What is Data Governance\u003C/a>, this scan curates recent developments and maps them to the stages of the data life cycle where they are most relevant in practice: planning, collecting, processing, sharing, analyzing, and using data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">It curates innovations along the following interrelated dimensions:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Practices\u003C/strong>: new methods, tools, and governance arrangements that can be embedded into organizational operating models—such as privacy-enhancing technologies, data commons, agentic AI for discovery, social license, model cards, policy as code, data spaces, data collaboratives, data sandboxes, digital twins and benefit-sharing mechanisms, among others.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Structural Forces:\u003C/strong>  dynamics shaping the environment in which data governance decisions are made. These include the rapid deployment of AI and the emergence of agentic systems, increasing regulatory complexity (“regulatory densification”), evolving data sovereignty and cross-border constraints, and the growing “data winter” affecting access to and reuse of data for public interest purposes.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Cross-Cutting Issues:\u003C/strong> System-wide considerations that influence governance across the entire data lifecycle, including the integration of AI and data governance, the development of social license for data reuse, and alignment with digital public infrastructure.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Designed as a living document, the scan will continue to evolve as governance practices change. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong id=\"docs-internal-guid-0cf7f1b7-7fff-1116-d950-d991e0dd1b48\">\u003Cbr>Click \u003Ca href=\"https://tools.opendatapolicylab.org/files/data-governance-innovation-report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003C/a> to access the scan.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/how-data-governance-is-evolving-mapping-innovations-across-the-data-lifecycle",{"title":237,"description":241},"how-data-governance-is-evolving-mapping-innovations-across-the-data-lifecycle","blogposts/how-data-governance-is-evolving-mapping-innovations-across-the-data-lifecycle",[59,250],"data governance","kBYjiuyHMquqh1GN8Jxf1YPrDr2c-xNpBUZazs0tzLo",{"id":253,"title":254,"author":154,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":255,"body":34,"category":44,"date":256,"description":257,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":254,"image":258,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":259,"meta":260,"navigation":15,"path":261,"registrationLink":34,"seo":262,"slug":263,"startTime":34,"stem":264,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":265},"blogposts/blogposts/recent-developments-in-data-access-policy-march-2026.json","Recent Developments in Data Access Policy: March 2026",[],"2026-03-18T12:00:00","To monitor open data policies across the world, we developed the Open Data Policy Lab Policy Repository. This quarter, we added 11 new policy developments within and across Africa, Europe, Asia, and North America.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/f9487171-d045-4107-8457-c991196c8357","\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">To monitor open data policies across the world, we developed the \u003Ca href=\"https://repository.opendatapolicylab.org/\">Open Data Policy Lab Policy Repository\u003C/a>. This quarter, we added 11 new policy developments within and across Africa, Europe, Asia, and North America. They illustrate the range of mechanisms through which governments and international institutions are increasingly structuring access to data. Five approaches emerge:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">mandating the release and reuse of public data; \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">authorizing controlled sharing of government-held datasets; \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">enabling structured access to privately controlled or platform-held data; \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">governing cross-border data flows through trade frameworks, certification regimes, and bilateral agreements; and \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">restructuring the legal architecture that governs data access frameworks themselves.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In the below, we provide further detail.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">1. Mandating Release and Reuse of Public Data\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Ukraine’s \u003Ca href=\"https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1151-2025-%D0%BF#Text\">Resolution No. 1151\u003C/a> expands the list of datasets that must be published on the national open data portal and strengthens interoperability requirements across government information systems. Newly required datasets include areas such as judicial statistics, bankruptcy records, fiscal information, and real-time transport data. The resolution also requires the use of unified identifiers across datasets to improve cross-dataset linkage and authorizes the use of AI tools to assist with moderation and processing on the portal. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Similarly, Spain’s \u003Ca href=\"https://datos.gob.es/sites/default/files/guia-decalogo-reutilizador-opendata.pdf\">Decálogo Reutilizador de Datos del Sector Público\u003C/a> provides practical guidance for public agencies on how to prepare and release public sector data for reuse. The guidance incorporates the EU Open Data Directive’s concept of high-value datasets, which must be published free of charge in machine-readable formats and made available through APIs. It also promotes open licensing, including Creative Commons (CC BY 4.0), and aligns national practices with European interoperability standards such as NTI-RISP and the European Interoperability Framework.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">2. Authorizing the Sharing of Government-Held Data\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Singapore’s \u003Ca href=\"https://sso.agc.gov.sg/Bills-Supp/22-2025/Published/20251105?DocDate=20251105\">Public Sector (Governance) (Amendment) Bill 2025\u003C/a> extends the existing framework for inter-agency data sharing to allow sharing with trusted external partners such as social service organizations and industry associations when it supports defined public sector purposes. Each arrangement requires ministerial authorization specifying the purpose, partner, and scope of data involved, and external partners must meet data protection and security requirements through contractual safeguards. The reform aims to enable more coordinated service delivery while maintaining clear accountability for how government-held data is used.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Japan’s \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cas.go.jp/jp/seisaku/digital_gyozaikaikaku/pdf/data_houshin_honbun.pdf\">Basic Policy on the Data Utilization System\u003C/a> promotes cross-sector data integration as part of the country’s broader digital transformation strategy. The policy frames data as a shared societal resource and links improved data utilization to productivity growth, AI development, and administrative modernization. It calls for digital public infrastructure to enable data linkage across sectors, improvements in administrative data quality, and centralized tools such as a national data dashboard to facilitate reuse by local governments and private actors.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">3. Enabling Access to Privately Held Data\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The European Commission’s \u003Ca href=\"https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/draft-recommendation-non-binding-model-contractual-terms-data-access-and-use-and-non-binding\">Recommendation on Model Contractual Terms\u003C/a> supports implementation of the EU Data Act by providing standardized contractual clauses for data sharing between firms. The templates operationalize the Act’s requirement for fair, reasonable, and non-discriminatory (FRAND) access to data generated by connected products. They clarify responsibilities between data holders and recipients, address liability and confidentiality, and include provisions supporting cloud switching and service portability.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Ireland’s \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cnam.ie/app/uploads/2026/02/DSA-Article-40-4-11-Data-Access_Guidance_1.pdf\">Guidance for Vetted Researchers\u003C/a> implements Article 40 of the Digital Services Act, which requires Very Large Online Platforms and Search Engines to provide access to platform data for the study of systemic risks. The guidance establishes procedures through which researchers can apply for access, sets out documentation and security requirements, and defines the conditions under which platforms must provide data through technical interfaces or secure processing environments.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Elsewhere, the African Commission’s \u003Ca href=\"https://dataalliance.africa/wp-content/uploads/ACHPR_Res-620-Guidelines-Version-4.pdf\">Guidelines on Promoting and Harnessing Data Access for Human Rights and Sustainable Development\u003C/a> situate data access within the right to information under the African Charter. The guidelines extend access-to-information principles to the digital environment and encourage states to ensure that digital platforms provide structured access mechanisms for public-interest research. They also emphasize inclusive access, including affordability and accessibility for marginalized groups, and require that restrictions on access satisfy established human rights limitation tests. \u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">4. Governing Cross-Border Data Flows\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The \u003Ca href=\"https://policy.trade.ec.europa.eu/news/eu-singapore-digital-trade-agreement-enters-force-2026-02-02_en\">EU–Singapore Digital Trade Agreement\u003C/a> establishes binding rules governing cross-border digital trade between the parties. The agreement restricts unjustified data localization requirements and protects cross-border data transfers while allowing public policy safeguards. It also includes provisions encouraging governments to publish public data in machine-readable formats and through APIs, linking open data practices with broader commitments to digital interoperability and economic cooperation.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">China's \u003Ca href=\"https://www.loc.gov/item/global-legal-monitor/2026-02-19/china-certification-measures-issued-for-cross-border-transfers-of-personal-data/\">Measures for Certification of Cross-Border Transfer of Personal Information\u003C/a> establish a certification mechanism for exporting personal data under the Personal Information Protection Law. Organizations seeking to transfer personal information abroad must obtain certification from accredited bodies demonstrating compliance with Chinese data protection standards. The framework requires impact assessments before transfers, establishes oversight mechanisms, and allows regulators to suspend certifications if organizations fail to meet compliance requirements.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The United States’ \u003Ca href=\"https://www.state.gov/america-first-global-health-strategy/\">Bilateral Global Health Agreements\u003C/a> link health assistance to bilateral cooperation on data and surveillance. The agreements establish monitoring systems for service delivery, epidemiology, supply chains, and financing, and call for long-term health data systems and data sharing arrangements to support outbreak surveillance and program management. Reported \u003Ca href=\"https://journals.plos.org/globalpublichealth/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgph.0005974#pgph.0005974.ref001\">draft agreements\u003C/a> also indicate that some arrangements may include commitments to share pathogen information and other health surveillance data as part of ongoing cooperation. \u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">4. Restructuring the Legal Architecture of Data Governance\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The European Commission’s \u003Ca href=\"https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/digital-omnibus-regulation-proposal\">Digital Omnibus proposal\u003C/a> seeks to simplify the European Union’s expanding body of digital and data legislation. The proposal repeals several existing instruments—including the Open Data Directive, the Data Governance Act, the Free Flow of Non-Personal Data Regulation, and the Platform-to-Business Regulation—and integrates their core provisions into a revised legal framework centered on the Data Act and related digital regulations. As opposed to creating new access rights, the initiative focuses on reducing regulatory fragmentation and streamlining compliance requirements across overlapping data governance regimes.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Conclusion\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">These eleven additions illustrate the expanding scope of data access policy. Governments and international institutions are using a wide range of legal instruments to determine how data is published, shared, requested, transferred, and controlled. Some initiatives expand access to public or privately held data for research, innovation, and oversight, while others structure or condition access through certification regimes, trade agreements, and bilateral arrangements. In parallel, policymakers are beginning to reorganize the growing body of digital regulation that governs these mechanisms.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Data access has therefore become a critical arena of governance, including administrative reform, market regulation, international cooperation, and geopolitical strategy.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/recent-developments-in-data-access-policy-march-2026",{"title":254,"description":257},"recent-developments-in-data-access-policy-march-2026","blogposts/recent-developments-in-data-access-policy-march-2026","GNWVfFVbxRpHOL_opithMYGp5rJ3mXWCK4Zdblqefxo",{"id":267,"title":268,"author":269,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":270,"body":34,"category":44,"date":271,"description":272,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":268,"image":273,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":274,"meta":275,"navigation":15,"path":276,"registrationLink":34,"seo":277,"slug":278,"startTime":34,"stem":279,"tags":280,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":283},"blogposts/blogposts/introducing-datastewardsnet-advancing-the-practice-of-data-stewardship-for-an-ai-era.json","Introducing DataStewards.net: Advancing the Practice of Data Stewardship for an AI Era","Stefaan Verhulst, Andrew Zahuranec, and Paulina Behluli",[],"2026-03-09T12:00:00","We are pleased to launch DataStewards.net — dedicated to training and supporting data stewards.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/cf07f3c8-35a0-4277-888c-518b1e80da27","\u003Ch1 dir=\"ltr\">Introducing DataStewards.net: Advancing the Practice of Data Stewardship for an AI Era\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">As the world celebrates \u003Ca href=\"https://opendataday.org/\">Open Data Day\u003C/a>, it is an opportune moment to reflect not only on the importance of making data available but also on the growing need to advance the practice of data stewardship so that data can responsibly be shared, reused, and translated into real public value.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Data has become a foundational resource for contemporary societies. From scientific discovery and public health to climate action, economic development, and artificial intelligence, progress increasingly depends on the ability to access, share, and reuse data responsibly.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Yet while the importance of data continues to grow, the skills, institutions, and professional roles needed to steward data effectively are still emerging. Organizations across sectors are increasingly recognizing the need for dedicated expertise to manage data access, governance, and reuse in ways that generate public value while maintaining trust.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">To help meet this need, we are pleased to launch \u003Ca href=\"http://datastewards.net\">DataStewards.net\u003C/a> — dedicated to training and supporting data stewards.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"http://datastewards.net\">Datastewards.net\u003C/a> serves as the central hub for the training and capacity-building initiatives on data stewardship developed by The GovLab and The Data Tank. The site brings together programs, resources, and expertise designed to equip professionals with the practical knowledge required to enable responsible data sharing and collaboration.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/introducing-datastewardsnet-advancing-the-practice-of-data-stewardship-for-an-ai-era",{"title":268,"description":272},"introducing-datastewardsnet-advancing-the-practice-of-data-stewardship-for-an-ai-era","blogposts/introducing-datastewardsnet-advancing-the-practice-of-data-stewardship-for-an-ai-era",[57,281,61,282],"datastewards","humaninfrastructure","Dl7RdYAGq07V3KE-da3UfJjYa_1s6CTilWV21_EaW0M",{"id":285,"title":286,"author":287,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":288,"body":34,"category":99,"date":289,"description":290,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":286,"image":291,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":292,"meta":293,"navigation":15,"path":294,"registrationLink":34,"seo":295,"slug":296,"startTime":34,"stem":297,"tags":298,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":300},"blogposts/blogposts/data-governance-without-the-jargon-30-questions-and-answers-to-clarify-terms-and-trends.json","Data Governance Without the Jargon: 30 Questions and Answers to Clarify Terms and Trends","Stefaan Verhulst and Begoña G. Otero",[],"2026-02-17T12:00:00","Data governance has become a catch-all term, used to describe everything from data quality and metadata to privacy, compliance, and digital strategy. ","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/a2b210d1-7f0c-48b2-ae3a-26672d9324c1","\u003Ch2 class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph zg zh us zi b zj zk zl zm zn zo zp zq fj zr zs zt rw zu zv zw sb zx zy zz aba nk cj\">Data Governance Without the Jargon: 30 Questions and Answers to Clarify Terms and Trends\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp id=\"897a\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph zg zh us zi b zj zk zl zm zn zo zp zq fj zr zs zt rw zu zv zw sb zx zy zz aba nk cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Data governance has become a catch-all term, used to describe everything from data quality and metadata to privacy, compliance, and digital strategy. This ambiguity is not harmless: when concepts remain unclear, responsibilities blur and decisions stall. Demystifying data governance therefore requires two things: clarifying how it relates to neighboring concepts, and understanding the components and trends that are reshaping governance in an AI- and data-intensive world.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a7cd\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph zg zh us zi b zj zk zl zm zn zo zp zq fj zr zs zt rw zu zv zw sb zx zy zz aba nk cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Our new resource, \u003Ca class=\"bc mc\" href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/what-is-data-governance-report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">\u003Cem class=\"abb\">What Is Data Governance? 30 Questions and Answers\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, is designed to demystify the concept. Instead of offering yet another definition, it takes one already tested through the \u003Ca class=\"bc mc\" href=\"https://www.broadbandcommission.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Data-Governance-Toolkit.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Broadband Commission’s Data Governance Toolkit\u003C/a> and it clarifies how data governance relates to terms like data management, stewardship, privacy, and compliance.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ec7d\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph zg zh us zi b zj zk zl zm zn zo zp zq fj zr zs zt rw zu zv zw sb zx zy zz aba nk cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The Q&A uses the same working definition as the Toolkit: \u003Cem class=\"abb\">data governance involves the processes, people, policies, practices and technology that seek to govern the data lifecycle toward meeting the purpose of increasing trust, value, and equity, while minimizing risk and harm in alignment with a set of core principles\u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"zi ut\">\u003Cem class=\"abb\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6438\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph zg zh us zi b zj zk zl zm zn zo zp zq fj zr zs zt rw zu zv zw sb zx zy zz aba nk cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">While this may sound abstract, the entire Toolkit makes it actionable.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"db4f\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph zg zh us zi b zj zk zl zm zn zo zp zq fj zr zs zt rw zu zv zw sb zx zy zz aba nk cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The definition breaks governance into four questions any organization must answer:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"dc92\" class=\"zg zh us zi b zj zk zl zm zn zo zp zq fj zr zs zt rw zu zv zw sb zx zy zz aba abu abv abw cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"zi ut\">Why\u003C/strong> — What vision and purposes should data governance serve here?\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"df6d\" class=\"zg zh us zi b zj abx zl zm zn aby zp zq fj abz zs zt rw aca zv zw sb acb zy zz aba abu abv abw cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"zi ut\">How\u003C/strong> — Which principles will guide decisions and implementation of practices across the lifecycle?\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"eedc\" class=\"zg zh us zi b zj abx zl zm zn aby zp zq fj abz zs zt rw aca zv zw sb acb zy zz aba abu abv abw cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"zi ut\">Who\u003C/strong> — What people carry which responsibilities, and with what legitimacy?\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"350e\" class=\"zg zh us zi b zj abx zl zm zn aby zp zq fj abz zs zt rw aca zv zw sb acb zy zz aba abu abv abw cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"zi ut\">What\u003C/strong> — What concrete policies, procedures, and technologies will we implement to meet the purpose and comply with the principles?\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"fffd\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph zg zh us zi b zj zk zl zm zn zo zp zq fj zr zs zt rw zu zv zw sb zx zy zz aba nk cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The Q&A runs through six sections. Foundations clarifies the differences between governance and adjacent concepts such as strategy, management, ethics, privacy, and AI governance — often conflated in practice. Later sections cover purpose and vision, principles, legitimacy and agency (including Indigenous data sovereignty and Digital Self-Determination), participation and accountability, lifecycle practices, sector-specific regimes, cross-border flows, and emerging trends. Throughout, the emphasis is on operationalization: translating principles into processes, roles, contracts, and tools.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"b60a\" class=\"acc acd us am ace fd acf fe ff fg acg fh fi om ach on ou ov aci ow pd pe acj pf pm ack cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Why now?\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp id=\"8ec3\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph zg zh us zi b zj acl zl zm zn acm zp zq fj acn zs zt rw aco zv zw sb acp zy zz aba nk cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Because organizations are under simultaneous pressure to use data more intensively (innovation, AI, evidence-based policy, crisis response) while navigating expanding legal, ethical, and geopolitical constraints. Governance is no longer an IT niche: it’s central to public trust, regulatory scrutiny, and the capacity to reuse data responsibly across silos and borders.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"acq g\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"q\">\u003Ca class=\"bc ak be cp bg an bh u ao ap aq ar as at au g\" href=\"https://medium.com/choose?source=promotion_paragraph---post_body_banner_no_hate--4c7e115761aa---------------------------------------\" rel=\"noopener follow\" data-discover=\"true\">\u003Cpicture>\u003Csource>\u003Csource>\u003Csource>\u003Csource>\u003Csource>\u003Cimg class=\"f\" alt=\"Learn about Medium’s values\" loading=\"lazy\">\u003C/picture>\u003C/a>\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003Cp id=\"7345\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph zg zh us zi b zj zl zm zn zp zq fj zs zt rw zv zw sb zy zz acq aba nk cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This Q&A fills that gap:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"6be9\" class=\"zg zh us zi b zj zk zl zm zn zo zp zq fj zr zs zt rw zu zv zw sb zx zy zz aba abu abv abw cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"zi ut\">As a primer\u003C/strong> for those needing an integrated overview\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"3bfb\" class=\"zg zh us zi b zj abx zl zm zn aby zp zq fj abz zs zt rw aca zv zw sb acb zy zz aba abu abv abw cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"zi ut\">As a workbench\u003C/strong> for practitioners designing frameworks or running workshops\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"a9ee\" class=\"zg zh us zi b zj abx zl zm zn aby zp zq fj abz zs zt rw aca zv zw sb acb zy zz aba abu abv abw cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"zi ut\">As a translation layer\u003C/strong> connecting debates on Indigenous data sovereignty or Digital Self-Determination with mainstream governance discourse\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"8993\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph zg zh us zi b zj zk zl zm zn zo zp zq fj zr zs zt rw zu zv zw sb zx zy zz aba nk cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">By aligning with the Data Governance Toolkit and international guidance, it sits within a broader shift toward human-rights-based, stewardship-oriented governance that respects subsidiarity, proportionality, and sectoral realities.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"8e29\" class=\"acc acd us am ace fd acf fe ff fg acg fh fi om ach on ou ov aci ow pd pe acj pf pm ack cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">A living document: your feedback\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp id=\"4e22\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph zg zh us zi b zj acl zl zm zn acm zp zq fj acn zs zt rw aco zv zw sb acp zy zz aba nk cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This Q&A isn’t meant as the final word. The 30 questions emerged from real engagements with policymakers, regulators, practitioners and researchers and they’re almost certainly incomplete. New technologies, business models, and legal developments will raise fresh questions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8ee5\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph zg zh us zi b zj zk zl zm zn zo zp zq fj zr zs zt rw zu zv zw sb zx zy zz aba nk cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">We see this as a living document that should evolve alongside practice. We especially welcome feedback on:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"aab1\" class=\"zg zh us zi b zj zk zl zm zn zo zp zq fj zr zs zt rw zu zv zw sb zx zy zz aba abu abv abw cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"zi ut\">Clarity\u003C/strong>: Where are answers too abstract? Which distinctions remain blurry?\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"7d1c\" class=\"zg zh us zi b zj abx zl zm zn aby zp zq fj abz zs zt rw aca zv zw sb acb zy zz aba abu abv abw cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"zi ut\">Gaps\u003C/strong>: Which questions are missing, particularly from under-represented regions, communities, or institution types (small municipalities, community initiatives, Global South organizations)?\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"9f15\" class=\"zg zh us zi b zj abx zl zm zn aby zp zq fj abz zs zt rw aca zv zw sb acb zy zz aba abu abv abw cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"zi ut\">Examples\u003C/strong>: Which case studies, playbooks, or tools have helped you move from principles to implementation?\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"9be1\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph zg zh us zi b zj zk zl zm zn zo zp zq fj zr zs zt rw zu zv zw sb zx zy zz aba nk cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Your insights can inform future iterations, including refining entries, adding new questions, and expanding the tools annex. This mirrors the governance model the GovLab advocates: treating norms as evolving arrangements that are continuously tested in practice, contested when necessary, and adapted in light of new evidence and experience.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ec78\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph zg zh us zi b zj zk zl zm zn zo zp zq fj zr zs zt rw zu zv zw sb zx zy zz aba nk cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">If you have thoughts, critiques, or examples, please share them. Data governance will never fit into a single, perfect definition, but together we can build a shared, practical language for governing data in ways worthy of the trust we ask for.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2c39\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph zg zh us zi b zj zk zl zm zn zo zp zq fj zr zs zt rw zu zv zw sb zx zy zz aba nk cj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Ca class=\"bc mc\" href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/what-is-data-governance-report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Click here\u003C/a> to access the resource.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/data-governance-without-the-jargon-30-questions-and-answers-to-clarify-terms-and-trends",{"title":286,"description":290},"data-governance-without-the-jargon-30-questions-and-answers-to-clarify-terms-and-trends","blogposts/data-governance-without-the-jargon-30-questions-and-answers-to-clarify-terms-and-trends",[99,299],"publication","Vkk5jMFR1--RYdVWntGAKF-ogknSpF3BCCgS5ztlmQM",{"id":302,"title":303,"author":304,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":305,"body":34,"category":99,"date":289,"description":306,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":303,"image":307,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":308,"meta":309,"navigation":15,"path":310,"registrationLink":34,"seo":311,"slug":312,"startTime":34,"stem":313,"tags":314,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":317},"blogposts/blogposts/selected-readings-on-indigenous-data-governance-2026-update.json","Selected Readings on Indigenous Data Governance: 2026 Update","Andrew Zahuranec",[],"As part of an ongoing effort to contribute to current topics in data, technology, and governance, The GovLab’s Selected Readings series provides an annotated and curated collection of recommended readings on themes such as open data, data collaboration, and civic technology.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/18588e4d-ad87-468a-b926-879c47e91a47","\u003Ch2 class=\"graf graf--p\">Selected Readings on Indigenous Data Governance: 2026 Update\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp class=\"graf graf--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">As part of an ongoing effort to contribute to current topics in data, technology, and governance, The GovLab’s Selected Readings series provides an annotated and curated collection of recommended readings on themes such as open data, data collaboration, and civic technology.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"graf graf--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">In this edition, we curate writings from the last two years on Indigenous data sovereignty and Indigenous data governance. It complements a \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/selected-readings-on-indigenous-data-sovereignty/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/selected-readings-on-indigenous-data-sovereignty/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">previous iteration\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> on these topics.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"graf graf--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Key takeaways:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Data sovereignty as self-determination:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\"> Indigenous communities seek authority over how data about them is collected, used, and shared.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Broader definitions of data:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\"> Data includes culture, language, land, and relationships — not just statistics.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Relational governance:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\"> Trust, co-creation, and long-term partnerships are essential, not one-off consent.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">CARE and Indigenous frameworks matter:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\"> Governance models centered on collective benefit, control, and ethics are reshaping practice.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">AI is a double-edged sword:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\"> It creates risks of extraction and bias but also opportunities, especially for language and cultural preservation.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Implementation gaps remain:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\"> Legal recognition, capacity, standards, and institutional models are still under development in many contexts.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp class=\"graf graf--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">To suggest additional readings on this or any other topic, please email info@thelivinglib.org. All our Selected Readings can be found \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://staging.thelivinglib.org/selected-readings/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://staging.thelivinglib.org/selected-readings/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">. All readings listed in alphabetical order.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"graf graf--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">***\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"graf graf--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Selected Reading List (in alphabetical order)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">Australian Government. 2024.\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.niaa.gov.au/news-and-media/framework-governance-indigenous-data\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.niaa.gov.au/news-and-media/framework-governance-indigenous-data\"> “Framework for Governance of Indigenous Data (GID) | NIAA.” \u003C/a>National Indigenous Australian Agency, May 30.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">Caballar, Rina Diane, and Sophie Bushwick. 2023. \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-indigenous-groups-are-leading-the-way-on-data-privacy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-indigenous-groups-are-leading-the-way-on-data-privacy/\">“How Indigenous Groups Are Leading the Way on Data Privacy.” \u003C/a>Scientific American, June 7.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">Calac, Alec J., and Timothy K. Mackey. 2025.\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01902-w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01902-w\"> “A Systematic Review of Responsible Stewardship of Research and Health Data from Indigenous Communities.” \u003C/a>Npj Digital Medicine 8 (1): 504.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">Cunningham-Reimann, Stephanie, Aarti Doshi, Sterling Stutz, Gabriel B. Tjong, and Angela Mashford-Pringle. 2025. \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17441692.2025.2450395\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17441692.2025.2450395\">“Flipping Data on Its Head: Differing Conceptualisations of Data and the Implications for Actioning Indigenous Data Sovereignty Principles.” \u003C/a>Global Public Health 20 (1): 2450395.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">Danton, Cheryl M., and Christopher Graziul. 2026. \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://katinamagazine.org/content/article/open-knowledge/2026/confronting-the-challenges-of-sensitive-open-data\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://katinamagazine.org/content/article/open-knowledge/2026/confronting-the-challenges-of-sensitive-open-data\">Confronting the Challenges of Sensitive Open Data\u003C/a>. January 6.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">Department of Health and Disability and Ageing (Australia). 2026.\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/governance-of-indigenous-data-implementation-plan/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/governance-of-indigenous-data-implementation-plan/\"> Governance of Indigenous Data: Implementation Plan. \u003C/a>January 23. Australia.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">Drake, Allison K., Paulatuk Hunters and Trappers Committee, Tony Green, et al. 2025. \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/environmental-science/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2025.1521494/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/environmental-science/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2025.1521494/full\">“Advancing Indigenous Data Governance through a Shared Understanding in Paulatuk, Inuvialuit Settlement Region.”\u003C/a> Frontiers in Environmental Science 13 (March).\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">Hurst, Samantha, Kelle Dhein, Joseph Yracheta, and Timothy Mackey. 2026. \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmqr.2025.100698\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmqr.2025.100698\">“Sovereignty in the Digital Age Indigenous Perspectives on Health Data and Emerging Technologies.” \u003C/a>SSM — Qualitative Research in Health 9 (June): 100698.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">Jennings, Lydia, Katherine Jones, Riley Taitingfong, et al. 2025.\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/governance-of-indigenous-data-in-open-earth-systems-science/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/governance-of-indigenous-data-in-open-earth-systems-science/\"> “Governance of Indigenous Data in Open Earth Systems Science.” \u003C/a>Nature Communications 16 (1): 572.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">Khani, Mohammad Milad. 2025. \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"http://iapp.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://iapp.org\">“Data Repurposing, Algorithmic Bias and Indigenous Privacy in the Age of AI | IAPP.”\u003C/a> IAPP.Org, IAPP, November 5.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">Ray, Shawn, and Ram L. Ray. 2026. \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s43681-025-00970-8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s43681-025-00970-8\">“Incorporating Indigenous Knowledge Systems into AI Governance: Enhancing Ethical Frameworks with Maori and Navajo Perspectives.”\u003C/a> AI and Ethics 6 (1): 114.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">Suchikova, Yana, and Serhii Nazarovets. 2025. \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/extending-the-care-principles-managing-data-for-vulnerable-communities-in-wartime-and-humanitarian-crises/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/extending-the-care-principles-managing-data-for-vulnerable-communities-in-wartime-and-humanitarian-crises/\">“Extending the CARE Principles: Managing Data for Vulnerable Communities in Wartime and Humanitarian Crises.” \u003C/a>Scientific Data 12 (1): 420.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">Tanner, Brooke, and Cameron Kerry. 2025. \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/can-small-language-models-revitalize-indigenous-languages/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/can-small-language-models-revitalize-indigenous-languages/\">“Can Small Language Models Revitalize Indigenous Languages?” \u003C/a>Brookings, March 19.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">Te Kāhui Raraunga (2025). \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.kahuiraraunga.io/maoriaigovernance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.kahuiraraunga.io/maoriaigovernance\">Māori Artificial Intelligence Governance Framework. Contextualised advice for AI use, extending the Māori data governance model\u003C/a>; Kukutai, T., Campbell-Kamariera, K., Mead, A., Mikaere, K., Moses, C., Whitehead, J. & Cormack, D. (2023). Māori data governance model. Te Kāhui Raraunga.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li graf--startsWithDoubleQuote\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://onedrive.live.com/:w:/g/personal/080ce91756940671/IQAinimkx27OQZsbj7oIaz-5AeePNo2J6JyL9D5VHlgnv7g?rtime=yS97bsJk3kg&redeem=aHR0cHM6Ly8xZHJ2Lm1zL3cvYy8wODBjZTkxNzU2OTQwNjcxL0lRQWluaW1reDI3T1Fac2JqN29JYXotNUFlZVBObzJKNkp5TDlENVZIbGdudjdnP2U9Tjljd0Fy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://onedrive.live.com/:w:/g/personal/080ce91756940671/IQAinimkx27OQZsbj7oIaz-5AeePNo2J6JyL9D5VHlgnv7g?rtime=yS97bsJk3kg&redeem=aHR0cHM6Ly8xZHJ2Lm1zL3cvYy8wODBjZTkxNzU2OTQwNjcxL0lRQWluaW1reDI3T1Fac2JqN29JYXotNUFlZVBObzJKNkp5TDlENVZIbGdudjdnP2U9Tjljd0Fy\">“Consultation on Indigenous Data Governance Workshop, on Development Dimensions of Indigenous Traditional Knowledge, Cultural Heritage, and Biodiversity Data.”\u003C/a> 2025. UN Data Governance Working Group, October 21.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li graf--startsWithDoubleQuote\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000396938\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000396938\">“How Indigenous Knowledge Drives Scientific Discovery.”\u003C/a> 2026. The UNESCO Courier, January.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li graf--empty\"> \u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp class=\"graf graf--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Annotated Selected Reading List (in alphabetical order):\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"graf graf--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.niaa.gov.au/news-and-media/framework-governance-indigenous-data\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.niaa.gov.au/news-and-media/framework-governance-indigenous-data\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Australian Government. 2024. “Framework for Governance of Indigenous Data (GID) | NIAA.” National Indigenous Australian Agency, May 30.\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">This is a framework for working with Indigenous data that seeks to place Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people at its core and was co-designed with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander partners.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">It outlines a seven-year implementation plan for supporting increased agency of First Nations Australians line line with four principles: partner with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people; build data-related capabilities; provide knowledge of data assets; build an inclusive data system.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">The framework “acknowledges that better outcomes are achieved if First Nations people have a genuine say in matters affecting them — including the use of data to inform policy-making in government” and calls for data-related capacity building in these communities\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp class=\"graf graf--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-indigenous-groups-are-leading-the-way-on-data-privacy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-indigenous-groups-are-leading-the-way-on-data-privacy/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Caballar, Rina Diane, and Sophie Bushwick. 2023. “How Indigenous Groups Are Leading the Way on Data Privacy.” Scientific American, June 7.\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">This article argues that Indigenous communities are leading the way in development of privacy-first data storage systems that give users control and agency over their information. Organizations like Terrastories, Our Data Indigenous, and Āhau do not rely on the cloud but on other methods because it “is almost like the knowledge is leaving the territory because it’s not physically present”.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">The article also notes that some Indigenous-led apps offer more customized and granular levels of access and permissions. Terastories, for example, only lets maps and stories be viewable by members who have logged in to the app using their community’s credentials. Adding or editing requires editor access.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">These are further supplemented by codes of conduct that researchers must follow to get access to data. Āhau, for example, adheres to the Te Mana Raraunga principles of Māori data sovereignty that requires giving Māori communities authority over their information and acknowledging the relationships they have with it.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp class=\"graf graf--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01902-w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01902-w\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Calac, Alec J., and Timothy K. Mackey. 2025. “A Systematic Review of Responsible Stewardship of Research and Health Data from Indigenous Communities.” Npj Digital Medicine 8 (1): 504\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">This is a systemic review that aims to detail Indigenous Data Sovereignty considerations and practices in health research in the United States and elsewhere and to identify frameworks that operationalize IDS practices for responsible research and use of data-driven technologies. The review finds 41 relevant articles detailing specific considerations around collection, access, and use of Indigenous data as well as various regional or cultural considerations.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">The authors identify specific data management considerations related to data access, ownership, knowledge systems and relationality; responsible data governance, metadata, and regulatory authority; and open-access challenges and tribal leader engagement.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">It also notes how new technologies and systems are being rapidly designed, often without explicit rules and regulations to operationalize indigenous data sovereignty and protect Indigenous Peoples. It notes that digital technologies can benefit communities but only when they are used in a way that respects the communities that provide foundational data.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp class=\"graf graf--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17441692.2025.2450395\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17441692.2025.2450395\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Cunningham-Reimann, Stephanie, Aarti Doshi, Sterling Stutz, Gabriel B. Tjong, and Angela Mashford-Pringle. 2025. “Flipping Data on Its Head: Differing Conceptualisations of Data and the Implications for Actioning Indigenous Data Sovereignty Principles.” Global Public Health 20 (1): 2450395.\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">This article offers commentary on how to integrate Indigenous data sovereignty principles into data work. The authors begin by definition data in Western research (as “tangible, measurable, and observable phenomenon devoid of observer bias and contextualisation”) and Indigenous contexts (as information “created by, for and with Indigenous Peoples, communities, and Nations and includes language, culture, ceremonies, lands, dreams, songs, drums, instruments, artwork, clothing, regalia, beadwork, as well as stories, interviews, transcripts,artifacts (historic and contemporary), and statistic”).\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">The authors then outline how Indigenous data sovereignty is “predicated on distinct worldviews, cultures, histories, and data stewardship” and center an the overarching principle of self-determination in “data collection, analysis, usage,knowledge translation and dissemination, with Indigenous Peoples’ interests and decision-making authority in determining who can access and analyse Indigenous data and for what purposes”. Researchers engaging in Indigenous research must collaborate equitably with Indigenous communities throughout the research process, starting with research design and ending with dissemination.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">The authors then offer several recommendations to researchers, scholars, policy makers, government staff, and other allies interested in implementing Indigenous data sovereignty. These include completing training from the First Nations Information Governance Centre; undertaking cultural safety training that includes socio-political history and developing authentic relationships with indigenous peoples; questioning the research process by co-creating the research process with Indigenous peoples; building relationships that lead to co-creation and are reciprocal beyond the initial project; and to apply a distinctions-based lens that respects the unique needs and characteristics of the specific Indigenous community they are working with.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp class=\"graf graf--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://katinamagazine.org/content/article/open-knowledge/2026/confronting-the-challenges-of-sensitive-open-data\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://katinamagazine.org/content/article/open-knowledge/2026/confronting-the-challenges-of-sensitive-open-data\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Danton, Cheryl M., and Christopher Graziul. 2026. Confronting the Challenges of Sensitive Open Data. January 6.\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">This article introduces the term “sensitive open data” to describe “data containing private information about individuals that becomes available to the public through a range of mechanisms, from court orders to statutory mandates.” It highlights lessons that might be gleaned from Indigenous communities.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">It describes the FAIR Principles and the complementary CARE Principles as guiding resources to “integrate Indigenous worldviews that center ‘people’ and ‘purpose’ to address critical gaps in conventional data frameworks by ensuring that Indigenous Peoples benefit from data activities and maintain control over their data.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">The authors highlight two use cases that demonstrate the value of the CARE Principles, a 2014 project by the National Congress of American Indians Policy Research Center to improve census participation and the first tribal IRB, the Navajo Nation Human Research Review Board, which exercises sovereignty over all human research activities in the Navajo Nation.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp class=\"graf graf--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/governance-of-indigenous-data-implementation-plan/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/governance-of-indigenous-data-implementation-plan/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Department of Health and Disability and Ageing (Australia). 2026. Governance of Indigenous Data: Implementation Plan. January 23. Australia.\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">This document is an implementation plan put forth by the Australian Government’s Department of Health, Disability, and Aging to require all entities to embed the Australian Government \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://apo.org.au/node/327194\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://apo.org.au/node/327194\">Framework for governance of Indigenous data\u003C/a>, which guides users to partner with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people (APS), build data-related APS capabilities, provide knowledge of data assets, and build an inclusive data system.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">Acknowledging that the Department holds substantial datasets about the Australian Government, including APS, the department commits to working on genuine partnership “to ensure that First Nations people are afforded the right to exercise ownership and control over Indigenous data across all phases of the data lifecycle.”\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">The plan then outlines various goals and actions to achieve this aim, including efforts to “embed governance of Indigenous data in department policies and processes”, “build and maintain meaningful partnerships with First Nations people, communities, and organizations”, “develop and implement methods for First Nation people to know what data are held relating to their interests, its use, and how it can be accessed”, “build governance of Indigenous data capability for department staff and First Nations partners”, “support and engage in organizational and cultural change to improve governance of Indigenous data”, and “monitor and evaluate governance of indigenous data implementation”.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp class=\"graf graf--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/environmental-science/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2025.1521494/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/environmental-science/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2025.1521494/full\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Drake, Allison K., Paulatuk Hunters and Trappers Committee, Tony Green, et al. 2025. “Advancing Indigenous Data Governance through a Shared Understanding in Paulatuk, Inuvialuit Settlement Region.” Frontiers in Environmental Science 13 (March).\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">This piece examines Indigenous data governance frameworks in the Canadian arctic. To support Indigenous self-determination, Fisheries and Oceans Canada researchers and the Paulatuk Hunters and Trappers Committee co-developed a data governance statement specific to an interview project. This report then details the steps and dialogue that characterized the creation of this statement and five considerations to strengthen future efforts.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">The piece then outlines a sequence that took place over several months where the research team developed academic ethics resources and documents, which were then reviewed by Indigenous group leaders. The authors provide a summary of the materials, which are living documents and can be updated as needed when applicable to other projects.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">The piece then suggests, based on the project experiences, that future researchers center community and project context, the changing digital landscape, individual and collective knowledge protections, planned project outputs, and confidentiality and anonymity nuances. It concludes with a note that indigenous data governance is “integral to mutually-beneficial research partnerships that are necessary in an era of rapid environmental change.”\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp class=\"graf graf--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmqr.2025.100698\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmqr.2025.100698\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Hurst, Samantha, Kelle Dhein, Joseph Yracheta, and Timothy Mackey. 2026. “Sovereignty in the Digital Age Indigenous Perspectives on Health Data and Emerging Technologies.” SSM — Qualitative Research in Health 9 (June): 100698.\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">This study examines how Indigenous experts interpret the promises and risks of emerging digital technologies in relation to data sovereignty. It explores how Indigenous communities understand data governance challenges, evaluate technological innovations, and identify cultural, legal, ecological, and infrastructural considerations that shape sovereignty in digital contexts.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">The researchers identify four central themes for practitioners to be cognizant of to promote Indigenous data sovereignty: (1) The Significance of Indigenous Data Sovereignty; (2) Balancing Sovereignty, Trust, and Capacity in Health Data Management; (3) Integrating Native Values into Data Governance and Technology Systems; and (4) Technology and Tribal Sovereignty: Opportunities and Challenges.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">The piece concludes with a note that this work affirms and extends current Indigenous data sovereignty frameworks, “while making visible the deeper infrastructural and jurisdictional challenges that shape technology use in Indian Country. Addressing these challenges is essential for building the data foundations that allow Tribal Nations to design responsive health interventions, monitor outcomes, and strengthen the cultural relevance of health system decision-making.”\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp class=\"graf graf--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/governance-of-indigenous-data-in-open-earth-systems-science/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/governance-of-indigenous-data-in-open-earth-systems-science/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Jennings, Lydia, Katherine Jones, Riley Taitingfong, et al. 2025. “Governance of Indigenous Data in Open Earth Systems Science.” Nature Communications 16 (1): 572.\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">The Earth Data Relations Working Group convened to discuss what processes are needed to follow open science protocols while upholding Indigenous Peoples’ rights. The piece begins by reviewing open science mandates but notes, “mandates and their implementation don’t often consider the rights of Indigenous Peoples in relation to Earth observation data” and there are few examples of what application of Indigenous knowledge systems looks like in an open science and repositories context.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">It notes that many Indigenous worldviews center relationships as a core value and that “relationships exist at the scale of the individual and collectives and apply to connections between humans, places, and biotic and abiotic communities in the past, present, and future.”\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">It recommends Earth science researchers adopt four practices to implement the CARE Principles and advance Indigenous Data Governance. First, the piece suggests adopting ongoing, internal learning and assessment practices to ensure that CARE is adopted as an iterative process and not treated as a one-off activity. Second, it suggests that organizations develop collaborative access permission and research protocols with Indigenous Peoples; enhance data and specimen management infrastructure to manage samples and specimens in ways consistent with Indigenous communities’ needs and expectations (including applying metadata and context labels); and enhancing data relations at all stages of the data lifecycle, which includes engaging data hosts on Indigenous metadata and amending citations.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp class=\"graf graf--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://iapp.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://iapp.org\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Khani, Mohammad Milad. 2025. “Data Repurposing, Algorithmic Bias and Indigenous Privacy in the Age of AI | IAPP.” IAPP.Org, IAPP, November 5.\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">This article looks at Indigenous data sovereignty in Canada, which has a treaty obligation to recognize First Nations data sovereignty. However, the federal government has yet to yet to explicitly and fully recognize First Nations data sovereignty in legislation. This is a problem amid growing demand for datasets to train AI.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">The author detail the ongoing threats to privacy and data sovereignty. There are growing concerns about the repurposing of personal information and what happens to Indigenous personal information that is reused for a secondary objective. It notes that ownership, control, access, and possession play an important role in data sovereignty.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">The author recommends that Canada’s Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act should be amended to include clauses specifically about protecting the privacy of First Nations. The requirement for collective consent should be established alongside individual consent when data involves Indigenous communities. The author further argues that data sovereignty must be explicitly defined within the legal text, not relegated to secondary sources.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp class=\"graf graf--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s43681-025-00970-8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s43681-025-00970-8\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Ray, Shawn, and Ram L. Ray. 2026. “Incorporating Indigenous Knowledge Systems into AI Governance: Enhancing Ethical Frameworks with Maori and Navajo Perspectives.” AI and Ethics 6 (1): 114.\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">This paper examines the limitations of Western-centric ethical frameworks through a comparative analysis of Māori Kaitiakitanga and Navajo Hózhó principles, offering a framework for integrating these principles into AI governance.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">Māori Kaitiakitanga emphasizes guardianship, responsibility, and the interconnectedness of all living things. By recognizing the right of all natural entities, Kaitiakitanga can inform the development of AI systems that prioritize the long-term health of ecosystems and challenges the assumption that all technological expansion is inherently beneficial.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">Navajo Hozho, a core principle in Navajo philosophy, emphasizes “harmony, balance, beauty, and the interconnectedness of all beings. It represents a holistic worldview that seeks to maintain equilibrium between physical, mental, spiritual, and social well-being”. It promotes AI that is ethically sound, culturally sensitive, and aligned with the values of community and environmental well-being. The recognition of interconnectedness is crucial for decisions regarding data collection, algorithm design, and AI deployment.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">The authors argue that while there is some tensions between the concepts — for example the emphasis on collective ownership in Kaitiakitanga — they offer a way forward in addressing AI governance challenges. Navigating these tensions requires open dialogue between Indigenous communities, AI developers, and policymakers and a critical examination of Western ethical principles and legal frameworks.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp class=\"graf graf--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/extending-the-care-principles-managing-data-for-vulnerable-communities-in-wartime-and-humanitarian-crises/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/extending-the-care-principles-managing-data-for-vulnerable-communities-in-wartime-and-humanitarian-crises/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Suchikova, Yana, and Serhii Nazarovets. 2025. “Extending the CARE Principles: Managing Data for Vulnerable Communities in Wartime and Humanitarian Crises.” Scientific Data 12 (1): 420.\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">This essay examines the CARE Principles (Collective Benefit, Authority to Control, Responsibility, Ethics) that were developed for the ethical stewardship of Indigenous data and to complement the technical standards of FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable). The authors argue that the CARE Principles are a useful model for data governance for other vulnerable communities — such as those in conflict-affected environments.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">Looking through the lens of the Russo-Ukrainian war, the piece notes how CARE can be adapted to new contexts. Collective benefit can be used to ensure data on IDPs and residents of occupied territories is used for humanitarian assistance, family reunifications, and long-term recovery. Authority to control can be used to ensure that those in conflict maintain autonomy over their personal information. Responsibility can demand that those using data in the Russo-Ukrainian context minimize harm, ensure informed consent, and foster trust with affected communities. Ethics, finally, can call organizations to commit to prioritizing the immediate and long-term recovery of at-risk groups.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">The authors conclude by stating that extending CARE in this way does not compromise their original intent, to empower Indigenous communities, but underscores that universality and relevance as a robust ethical framework. They argue, “the global significance of CARE lies in its capacity to establish a standardized ethical framework for data governance across a wide range of contexts.”\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp class=\"graf graf--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/can-small-language-models-revitalize-indigenous-languages/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/can-small-language-models-revitalize-indigenous-languages/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Tanner, Brooke, and Cameron Kerry. 2025. “Can Small Language Models Revitalize Indigenous Languages?” Brookings, March 19.\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">This article examines how small language models may offer a cost-effective and resource-efficient solution for indigenous communities seeking to preserve their language, which is critical to preserving a cultural identity and transmitting unique worldviews, traditions, and knowledge.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">The authors argue that “SLMs can respond to, analyze, and translate a variety of languages that […] are not widely used or recorded in digital formats.” They do this by reducing computational and data requirements in areas where high-end infrastructure is not available. It then highlights several examples of how SLMs have been successfully adapted specifically for Indigenous languages — designed, trained, and fine-tuned with input from the communities they serve.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">The piece then offers guidance on collaborating on Indigenous communities, noting that community input and participation through the data collection, model training, and subsequent deployment can ensure that models respect traditional knowledge and align technological outcomes with community values. It specifically highlights one example of data stewardship from Te Hiku Media, a small nonprofit radio station in New Zealand, which created data licensing agreements to ensure that projects created with Māori data will benefit the Māori people as a whole.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp class=\"graf graf--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.kahuiraraunga.io/maoriaigovernance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.kahuiraraunga.io/maoriaigovernance\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Te Kāhui Raraunga (2025). Māori Artificial Intelligence Governance Framework. Contextualised advice for AI use, extending the Māori data governance model; Kukutai, T., Campbell-Kamariera, K., Mead, A., Mikaere, K., Moses, C., Whitehead, J. & Cormack, D. (2023). Māori data governance model. Te Kāhui Raraunga.\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">This is a comprehensive framework designed by Māori AI experts to guide the use of artificial intelligence across Aotearoa New Zealand public service. It recognizes that AI is “data-driven intelligence” and therefore needs to be culturally grounded in ways that “protect Māori data sovereignty and uphold te Tiriti o Waitangi. Without culturally grounded and Tiriti-anchored governance, there is a risk of systemic harm and extraction rather than partnership and benefit.”\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">It centers several key values including “nurturing data as a taonga that requires culturally grounded models of protection and care”, putting iwi-Māori data in iwi-Māori hands, using data for good, being accountable, and decolonizing data ecosystems.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">It highlights several desirable outcomes including “reaffirming and strengthening connections to identity, place and te reo Māori” and “supporting whānau to flourish”.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://onedrive.live.com/:w:/g/personal/080ce91756940671/IQAinimkx27OQZsbj7oIaz-5AeePNo2J6JyL9D5VHlgnv7g?rtime=yS97bsJk3kg&redeem=aHR0cHM6Ly8xZHJ2Lm1zL3cvYy8wODBjZTkxNzU2OTQwNjcxL0lRQWluaW1reDI3T1Fac2JqN29JYXotNUFlZVBObzJKNkp5TDlENVZIbGdudjdnP2U9Tjljd0Fy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://onedrive.live.com/:w:/g/personal/080ce91756940671/IQAinimkx27OQZsbj7oIaz-5AeePNo2J6JyL9D5VHlgnv7g?rtime=yS97bsJk3kg&redeem=aHR0cHM6Ly8xZHJ2Lm1zL3cvYy8wODBjZTkxNzU2OTQwNjcxL0lRQWluaW1reDI3T1Fac2JqN29JYXotNUFlZVBObzJKNkp5TDlENVZIbGdudjdnP2U9Tjljd0Fy\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">“Consultation on Indigenous Data Governance Workshop, on Development Dimensions of Indigenous Traditional Knowledge, Cultural Heritage, and Biodiversity Data.” 2025. UN Data Governance Working Group, October 21.\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">This report addresses the challenges of data governance in Sarawak, Malaysia. While major steps have been taken to foster digital inclusion, one crucial element remains to be developed: Indigenous data governance. CARE and FAIR provide important foundations, they need to be localized to meet the needs of the people of Sarawak.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">The ability to achieve Indigenous data governance is limited by a lack of contextual governance models that align with customary law, the diverse nature of Indigenous data, the ethical challenges that come from digitalization, interoperability and institutional silos, weak national policy integration, an absence of clear protocols for Indigenous data governance, and gaps in legal protection and benefit-sharing mechanisms.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">To address these and other gaps, the report offers several lessons from case studies around the world. It then offers a list of policy recommendations, such as institutionalizing the CARE Principles at the State Level, establishing a Sarawak Indigenous Data Governance Framework, develop Sarawak-specific metadata standards, pilot interoperable data spaces, embed tiered consent frameworks, secure UN technical support, develop a community consent and data governance toolkit, and promote ethical data literacy across stakeholders.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000396938\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000396938\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">“How Indigenous Knowledge Drives Scientific Discovery.” 2026. The UNESCO Courier, January.\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">This report from UNESCO highlights the ways in which indigenous knowledge can facilitate scientific discovery. It offers various articles offering lessons from Brazil on saving a fish species with the Paumari people, health research in China that relies on Dai medicine, astronomical research in Kalahari with Jul’hoansi hunter-gatherers, and efforts to adapt to climate with the Sami people.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">Each of these cases demonstrate how Local and Indigenous Knowledge Systems can be mutually beneficial. It demonstrates the need for exchanges between Indigenous knowledge holders and scientists to foster better empirical data.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli class=\"graf graf--li\">The authors emphasize that any exchange must be accompanied by guarantees of free and informed consent and equitable sharing of benefits. They argue that, “the objective is not simply to absorb Indigenous knowledge into mainstream science, but to promote cooperation for the benefit of all.”\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Photo by Nick Kwan of Bill Reid’s “The Raven and the First Men” is licensed under CC0\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/selected-readings-on-indigenous-data-governance-2026-update",{"title":303,"description":306},"selected-readings-on-indigenous-data-governance-2026-update","blogposts/selected-readings-on-indigenous-data-governance-2026-update",[59,315,316],"selected readings","indigenous","wbXMsr9MXtGbO_bRf5ZOQA2vzEkqFSuqkXOBo3PZdnw",{"id":319,"title":320,"author":42,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":321,"body":34,"category":44,"date":322,"description":323,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":320,"image":324,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":325,"meta":326,"navigation":15,"path":327,"registrationLink":34,"seo":328,"slug":329,"startTime":34,"stem":330,"tags":331,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":332},"blogposts/blogposts/data-stewardship-trends-to-watch-february-2026-session.json","Data Stewardship Trends to Watch | February 2026 Session",[],"2026-02-11T12:00:00","Kicking-off the 2026 Data Stewardship Trends to Watch","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/0739757f-afcb-4253-9dba-e8951b64dcaa","\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Kicking-off the 2026 Data Stewardship Trends to Watch\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The Data Tank and The GovLab, in a call hosted by Stefaan Verhulst, organized the first Data Stewardship Trends to Watch kick-off session for 2026. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The Trends to Watch series consists of bi-monthly exchanges organized exclusively for our global Data Stewards alumni. These sessions feature curated trends designed to provide an overview of the rapidly evolving data stewardship landscape. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The February session was divided into three main categories: \u003C/p>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Trends indicating leverage and resistance, reflecting growing concerns around the extraction of open data to train large language models (LLMs), the misuse of personal and sensitive data, and emerging forms of resistance that call for greater data resilience. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Trends highlighting innovations in data governance, with a focus on new approaches, tools, and practices. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Internal updates from both organizing teams.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ol>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Check out a recording of the full conversation \u003Ca href=\"https://youtu.be/jdkO-rDAK8c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003C/a>. The following resources were discussed during the session:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"frame frame--youtube\">\u003Ciframe title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/jdkO-rDAK8c?si=0aA4AVzYt4BQuWmb\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Leverage and Resistance: \u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">New Privacy Enhancing and Standardization Efforts: \u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://myterms.info/\">MyTerms\u003C/a> is a new IEEE standard, formally called IEEE 7012-2025 Standard for Machine Readable Personal Privacy Terms.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://bd4d.org/standard/\">The Better Deal for Data\u003C/a> (BD4D) is a lightweight data governance standard for the social sector. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>New Standards Development: \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://tnfd.global/publication/recommendations-to-upgrade-the-ndvc/\">Recommendations for upgrading the nature data value chain for market participants \u003C/a>represent the culmination of four years of research and pilot testing about how best to respond to the nature data challenges identified by companies and financial institutions around the world.\u003Ca href=\"https://tnfd.global/publication/recommendations-to-upgrade-the-ndvc/\">  \u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>New Licensing Forms: \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://wiki.ubc.ca/Really_Simple_Licensing_(RSL)_for_AI\">Really Simple Licensing (RSL) for AI \u003C/a>represents an open content licensing standard for the AI-first Internet. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>New Payment Mechanisms: \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/2025/12/12/where-cc-stands-on-pay-to-crawl/\">Where CC Stands on Pay-to-Crawl\u003C/a> is a publication by Creative Commons on pay-to-crawl efforts and proposed responsible principles on the matter. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Institutional Responses: \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.nesta.org.uk/feature/future-signals-2026/data-unions/\">Data unions: people-powered data control\u003C/a> is a publication by Nesta on data unions. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Crowdsourced Data: \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.crustnews.com/p/we-built-a-public-record-of-ice-because\">We Built a Public Record of ICE Because They Refuse to Keep One\u003C/a> - a crowdsourced data project on activities, and incidents carried out by the United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://deportationdata.org/\">Deportation Data Project\u003C/a> collects and posts public, anonymized U.S. government immigration enforcement datasets. We expect these datasets to be used by journalists, researchers, lawyers, and policymakers.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Social License and Data Ethics Board: \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://metadataworks.ai/blog/enabling-ice-the-moral-obligations-of-data-sharing\">Enabling ICE: The Moral Obligations of Data Sharing \u003C/a>is a publication that argues that at times when authorities such as ICE request data access from big tech companies that exposes ethical tensions in data sharing that cannot be ignored. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Innovations in Data Governance: \u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong> AI Ready Data Certifications: \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/environmental-science/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2025.1717992/full\">Global waste sector dataset (1990–2050): scenario-based projections of generation, emissions, and socioeconomic drivers\u003C/a> which is a Frontiers FAIR² certification (FAIR + AI Ready) incorporating unique identifiers, metadata, API access, structured for machine learning. Global waste sector dataset is an example of this. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Agentic Stewardship: \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/councils/forbestechcouncil/2026/02/02/ai-ready-data-a-paradigm-shift-from-traditional-data-governance-to-agent-driven-intelligent-enablement/\">AI-Ready Data: A Paradigm Shift From Traditional Data Governance To Agent-Driven Intelligent Enablement\u003C/a> is a piece that outlines AI-Ready Data characteristics that define the future. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Vibecoding: \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-claude-code-is-bringing-vibe-coding-to-everyone/\">Software is becoming something you speak into existence\u003C/a> is a piece covering the recent developments of coding as a function of LLMs.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">But at the same time, \u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.15494\">Vibe Coding Kills Open Source\u003C/a>, is another piece that studies the equilibrium effects of vibe coding on the open source software ecosystem, as in vibe coding the AI agent builds software by selecting and assembling open-source software, often without users directly reading documentation, reporting bugs, or otherwise engaging with maintainers.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Updates: Recent Updates and Publications\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong> \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Two new pieces on strategic data stewardship and AI Governance: \u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2601.06687\">The Case for Strategic Data Stewardship Re-imagining Data Governance to Make Responsible Data Re-use Possible\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5958674\">Toward AI Governance That Works: Focusing on all the Building Blocks of AI and Its Impacts\u003C/a>. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Finally, the session was wrapped with two new blogs from our team: \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/blog-recent-uses-of-non-traditional-data-in-the-public-interest-september-december-2025/\">Recent Uses of Non-Traditional Data in the Public Interest: September-December 2025\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/looking-back-to-the-future-whats-next-for-data-ai-in-2026-f593919c6e9b\">Looking Back to the Future: What’s Next for Data & AI in 2026?\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cbr>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Interested to learn more about data stewardship trends? Sign up for the Data Stewards Network mailing \u003Ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/go1HQH\">at this link\u003C/a>.  Or contact datastewards@thegovlab.org to learn more.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/data-stewardship-trends-to-watch-february-2026-session",{"title":320,"description":323},"data-stewardship-trends-to-watch-february-2026-session","blogposts/data-stewardship-trends-to-watch-february-2026-session",[232,113],"fCjKcdirW9AdRnhbnzbTKgLOrw9R1RYV73yhxqnyhq0",{"id":334,"title":335,"author":336,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":337,"body":34,"category":338,"date":339,"description":340,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":335,"image":341,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":342,"meta":343,"navigation":15,"path":344,"registrationLink":34,"seo":345,"slug":346,"startTime":34,"stem":347,"tags":348,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":350},"blogposts/blogposts/looking-back-to-the-future-whats-next-for-data-ai-in-2026.json","Looking Back to the Future: What’s Next for Data & AI in 2026?","Roshni Singh and Andrew J. Zahuranec",[],"videos","2026-01-21T12:00:00","On January 8, 2026, The GovLab and the Open Data Policy Lab hosted “Looking Back to the Future”—a conversation that looked at the forces that shaped 2025 and may define 2026 across data, AI, and governance.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/923c1dc6-228c-49f7-9bb2-96c06025cac7","\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">On January 8, 2026, The GovLab and the Open Data Policy Lab hosted “Looking Back to the Future”—a conversation that looked at the forces that shaped 2025 and may define 2026 across data, AI, and governance.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Moderated by \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.org/stefaan-verhulst.html\">Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/a> (Co-Founder, The GovLab; Research Professor, NYU Tandon School of Engineering), the webinar brought together three panelists offering different perspectives on the evolving data and AI landscape:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://jed.co/\">Jed Sundwall\u003C/a>, Executive Director, Radiant Earth\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://sdgacademy.org/faculty/guilherme-canela-godoi/\">Guilherme Canela De Souza Godoi\u003C/a>, Director, Division for Digital Inclusion and Policies & Digital Transformation and Secretariat of UNESCO’s Information for All Programme\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://elliott.gwu.edu/susan-aaronson\">Susan Ariel Aaronson\u003C/a>, Research Professor of International Affairs and Director of the Digital Trade and Data Governance Hub (and Principal/Co-Principal Investigator with NSF and NIST on responsible AI)\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">A clear framing emerged early: While AI is experiencing a kind of “summer,” the world may also be entering a “\u003Ca href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5660451\">data winter\u003C/a>”—marked by a rapid decline in access to data for public interest purposes. While new actors might fill gaps in data access, this required updating access regimes and rethinking basic institutional foundations underlying data systems.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center;\">\u003Ciframe title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/2yfbab_shv4?si=O03LYOSPuV2DLMFZ\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">The 2025 Rearview Mirror: What Stood Out\u003C/h2>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">1) Access to high-impact data is increasingly shaped by non-state actors\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The conversation began with Sundwall highlighting how sharply declining resource and technology costs are enabling smaller nonprofits and research institutions to undertake activities that were once the exclusive domain of states. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Sundwall pointed to the emergence of \u003Ca href=\"https://www.commonspace.world/\">Common Space\u003C/a>, a nonprofit established in 2025 to launch a humanitarian satellite and the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.methanesat.org/\">Environmental Defense Fund’s MethaneSAT\u003C/a>. Both serve as evidence that barriers to entry in space-based data collection have fallen dramatically. As he noted, these initiatives emerge in part from a recognition that “a lot of the actors who have access to high-resolution satellites and imagery and can control those things might not prioritize humanitarian efforts.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">This shift, he suggested, reflects less a deliberate move away from governments than a response to declining trust, access, and prioritization within some state-controlled data systems, with falling costs in computing, sensors, and satellite technology serving as the primary mitigating factor enabling non-state actors to step in—expanding the range of institutions capable of producing planetary-scale datasets, rather than eliminating the role of governments altogether.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">2) AI can facilitate access to data—not just depend on it\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Sundwall then emphasized that AI can play a role not only in consuming data, but also in making certain kinds of data easier to access and use. One example he highlighted was the use of AI-generated embeddings derived from satellite imagery—essentially compact representations of images rather than the full images themselves. As he explained, “embedding outputs trained on satellite imagery are just much, much smaller than all of that imagery that people normally have to sift through,” which means they “stand to make much more data much, much more accessible to people.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Instead of requiring users to store, move, or analyze massive volumes of raw geospatial imagery, these embeddings allow people to work with far smaller data outputs that still retain useful information. Because they are significantly smaller, they can be easier to move, share, and use, potentially lowering technical and resource barriers to working with large-scale geospatial datasets. At the same time, Sundwall cautioned that important questions remain unresolved, including “how reliable are they?” and “what are they even telling us?” He noted that embeddings can be difficult to interpret and understand in practice.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">He also pointed to a more operational role for AI: reducing the friction involved in adopting data standards. AI tools, particularly large language models that assist with writing and adapting code, can help automate what he described as “the boring chore work” of implementing standards, making it easier for more organizations to use shared standards that support interoperability and reuse.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">3) Multilateral governance is undergoing “tectonic” change\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Speaking from the perspective of multilateral institutions, Canela described 2025 as a year of “tectonic changes” in global governance. By this, he meant a break from long-standing assumptions that have shaped the multilateral system since World War II, particularly the expectation that states would broadly cooperate, share responsibility, and work through international institutions to address global challenges. Instead, he noted that some major state actors were increasingly stepping back from these roles or openly questioning the value of multilateral organizations themselves.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">These shifts, Canela explained, made decision-making much harder. Established processes that once relied on consensus and predictable participation could no longer be taken for granted, and negotiations increasingly unfolded in a more fragmented and contested environment. As he put it, 2025 was “a very difficult moment for the decision-making process,” marked by what he described as “a clear attack against the idea of doing multilateral policy and multilateral governance.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">At the same time, Canela pointed to a more hopeful development, particularly within the UN system and regional organizations. Amid intense “AI hype” and a rush by individual agencies and institutions to launch their own initiatives, there was growing recognition that uncoordinated efforts risked duplication and confusion. Over the course of 2025, he observed signs of greater willingness among these actors to coordinate their approaches and align their work.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">He highlighted the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-s/md/23/cwgwsis39/inf/S23-CWGWSIS39-INF-0003!!PDF-E.pdf\">WSIS+20 review process\u003C/a> as a concrete example of this alignment. One of the few UN General Assembly resolutions adopted by consensus, the review reaffirmed that technology governance should remain firmly grounded in human rights. Importantly, Canela emphasized that the central challenge is not how to regulate each new technology as it emerges, but how to ensure that the broader governance frameworks guiding digital transformation are rights-based, coherent, and fit for purpose. In his words, the focus should be on “the overall framework,” rather than on individual technologies in isolation.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">4) Data sovereignty, national security, and cross-border flows are intensifying fault lines\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Aaronson concluded the review of 2025 by highlighting two developments over the past year that illustrate diverging approaches to data governance and access.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">First, she discussed China’s efforts to create formal data markets—systems intended to make buying and selling data more structured and transparent. While the idea has attracted significant policy attention, Aaronson was blunt about the results. As she put it, China’s data markets have been “shockingly unsuccessful so far” and have “not gotten a lot of companies to participate,” despite repeated attempts to make them work.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">She also described China’s approach to AI governance as focusing on how AI systems are used and who uses them, rather than on the technology alone. This includes identifying specific chatbot uses considered harmful and issuing draft rules for public comment. Aaronson highlighted this as unusual in context, noting that “the Chinese government actually put the draft rules out for public comment,” which she described as “quite interesting” given the country’s broader political environment.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Turning to the United States, Aaronson emphasized a broader shift toward restricting access to data, with national security increasingly used as the justification. She pointed to a 2024 decision, made before President Trump returned to office, in which the U.S. imposed its first explicit limits on cross-border transfers of certain categories of sensitive personal data to six countries designated as “terrorist nations.” For Aaronson, this move was significant not only because of the terrorism framing, but because it marked “the first time the United States has really restricted data flows in this way.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">She warned that these measures are part of a wider trend toward reduced data access. When combined with expanding “data sovereignty” policies, she argued, they risk sharply limiting \u003Ca href=\"https://iiep.gwu.edu/data-different-why-world-needs-new-approach-governing-cross-border-data-flows\">global data sharing\u003C/a>, an outcome she described as deeply concerning, given that “science and innovation depend on data that crosses borders.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Looking ahead: 2026 themes the panel expects to intensify\u003C/h3>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">1) New data institutions beyond the state\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">A central expectation for 2026 is the growing role of non-state actors—such as research labs, nonprofits, and consortia—in producing datasets that increasingly function as de facto public infrastructure.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Jed Sundwall pointed to large-scale examples already emerging. One was a planetary-scale, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.tum.de/en/news-and-events/all-news/press-releases/details/all-the-worlds-buildings-available-as-3d-models-for-the-first-time\">3D building footprint dataset\u003C/a> produced by a research lab at the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.tum.de/en/\">Technical University of Munich\u003C/a>. Another was the \u003Ca href=\"https://overturemaps.org/\">Overture Maps Foundation\u003C/a>, a consortium of major technology companies working to create a shared global mapping dataset and a system of unique identifiers for real-world entities.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Sundwall argued that these efforts signal a deeper shift: data critical to public decision-making is no longer produced only by governments, yet governance models have not kept pace. As he put it, “We’re going to need new kinds of institutions that can actually produce and govern data properly,” adding that these institutions are unlikely to be “purely governmental” or “purely private.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">To illustrate what he meant, Sundwall referenced existing global coordination bodies such as \u003Ca href=\"https://www.icann.org/\">ICANN\u003C/a> (which manages the internet’s domain name system) and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.gs1us.org/\">GS1\u003C/a> (which governs global barcode standards). These organizations do not belong to any single government, yet they provide trusted infrastructure that underpins global commerce and connectivity. In his view, comparable institutional models may be necessary to govern shared data resources responsibly at planetary scale.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4>2) Rethinking “open”: from a slogan to design choices\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Sundwall cautioned that “open” is often treated as a catch-all label rather than a precise concept. He described it as a sloppy or imprecise term, noting that openness is only one attribute of a data product, not a guarantee of quality, ethics, or sustainability. For clarity, he urged moving away from treating “open” as a goal in itself and instead asking more fundamental questions: Is the data useful? Is it produced and used ethically? Who pays to maintain it over time? Who captures the value it generates?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Guilherme Canela reinforced this point by calling “open” an “omnibus concept”. By this, he meant that without governance models, context, and purpose, the word risks obscuring real trade-offs rather than clarifying them. As data ecosystems expand beyond governments to include private firms, nonprofits, and hybrid actors, he argued, governance must become more explicit about how openness is designed and for whom it works.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Both speakers suggested that 2026 may mark a turning point: a recognition that producing high-quality, widely usable data is costly, and that older assumptions about unlimited openness may need revision, particularly when large, well-capitalized actors extract disproportionate value from shared resources.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">3) Updating access-to-information regimes for a non-governmental data world\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Looking ahead, Canela highlighted a symbolic milestone: 2026 marks 260 years since the world’s first \u003Ca href=\"https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/swedish-freedom-press-ordinance-1766-worlds-first-legislation-guaranteeing-free-communication\">Freedom of Information (FOI) law\u003C/a>, adopted in Sweden in 1766. He used this anniversary to pose a forward-looking governance question: how should access-to-information frameworks evolve in a world where governments are no longer the primary holders of socially important data?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Canela urged for organizations to adapt long-standing principles—such as transparency and public access—to current realities. While roughly 140 FOI laws exist globally, he noted that only a small number meaningfully apply to private or non-state actors, with South Africa standing out as a notable example.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In 2026, he argued, the challenge will be whether access-to-information regimes can be redesigned to reflect today’s data ecosystem—one in which corporations, platforms, and research institutions play central roles—without abandoning the democratic principles that FOI laws were meant to protect.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">4) Quality inputs” and the risk of a data tragedy of the commons\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Canela also warned that weakening trusted sources of information could have cascading consequences across society. If science, independent journalism, and reliable data producers are undermined, he argued, the entire information ecosystem suffers—affecting not only governance but also business and innovation.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">He framed this risk as a potential tragedy of the commons: When low-quality or misleading information floods the system, it becomes harder for anyone to extract real value. He linked this concern to two forward-looking signals: the approach of the final years of the 2030 Agenda, which depends heavily on data for evidence-based policy, and the inclusion of “information integrity” in the political outcome of \u003Ca href=\"https://cop30.br/en\">COP30\u003C/a> for the first time. For Canela, 2026 will test whether these commitments translate into concrete action.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">5) Responsible AI: transparency without accountability\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Susan Ariel Aaronson finally emphasized that debates around responsible AI are likely to sharpen in 2026, particularly around enforcement and accountability.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">She argued that many corporate commitments to responsible AI are \u003Ca href=\"http://inconsistent\">inconsistent\u003C/a> in practice. Drawing on her own research, Aaronson described comparisons between what companies claim in technical documentation and public statements and how their chatbots actually behave over time, especially on issues related to user welfare (such as responses to self-harm) and user rights (such as data protection and freedom of expression). While some systems improved, others showed gaps or reversals, suggesting that voluntary commitments  alone may be insufficient.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Aaronson also highlighted the challenges facing the \u003Ca href=\"https://aievaluatorforum.org/\">Independent Evaluators Forum\u003C/a>, an emerging effort to assess AI systems. The forum’s central problem, she noted, is limited access to training data and evaluation inputs, which makes credible, independent assessment difficult. Without some form of mandated disclosure or cooperation, she argued, transparency cannot easily translate into accountability.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">More broadly, Aaronson warned that a public “wake-up on data” has yet to occur. Even where laws exist, such as data protection rules, enforcement gaps persist, including around practices like web scraping. For her, 2026 will hinge on whether governance mechanisms move beyond aspirational transparency toward enforceable accountability.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2>Inclusion beyond access: language, participation, and the digital divide\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The conversation also returned to the unresolved challenge of inclusion. Canela underscored that the divide is not only about the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.itu.int/en/mediacentre/Pages/PR-2025-09-01-Connecting-Humanity.aspx\">2.6 billion people still offline\u003C/a>, but also about meaningful participation for those who are connected. He highlighted the scale of linguistic exclusion: with roughly 8,000 languages spoken globally, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/articles/how-language-gaps-constrain-generative-ai-development/\">only a fraction\u003C/a> can meaningfully interact with digital ecosystems in their own language—suggesting a much deeper participation gap than connectivity statistics alone capture.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Closing reflections: three words for 2026\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In the final minutes, Verhulst asked each panelist to name one concept likely to define the year:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">“New data institutions” (Sundwall)\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">“Cooperate or isolationism” (Canela)\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">“Manipulation”—specifically “neural manipulation” (Aaronson), including concerns about AI agents influencing users in ways people may not recognize\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Key Takeaways\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Across perspectives, the webinar surfaced a shared set of tensions that will likely intensify in 2026:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Data governance is increasingly shaped by actors beyond the state, raising the need for new institutional models.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">“Open” needs to be treated as a choice within governance design, not a substitute for strategy, sustainability, or ethics.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Quality, accountability, and information integrity are becoming central constraints—especially in an environment where traditional accountability institutions face pressure.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Inclusion requires more than access: language, context, and meaningful participation must be part of the governance agenda.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">As Verhulst noted in closing, the discussion was intended not as a final word, but as the basis for a research agenda—and an action agenda—for the year ahead.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>Cover image from Pixel Particle from \u003Ca href=\"https://www.gettyimages.com/photos/pro\">Getty Images Pro\u003C/a>\u003C/em>\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/looking-back-to-the-future-whats-next-for-data-ai-in-2026",{"title":335,"description":340},"looking-back-to-the-future-whats-next-for-data-ai-in-2026","blogposts/looking-back-to-the-future-whats-next-for-data-ai-in-2026",[349,338,59],"events","Pci99VNzGoAr2CuA5jPCLcfkRyWLiaIz8tp02wOSCTg",{"id":352,"title":353,"author":97,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":354,"body":34,"category":34,"date":355,"description":356,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":353,"image":357,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":358,"meta":359,"navigation":15,"path":360,"registrationLink":34,"seo":361,"slug":362,"startTime":34,"stem":363,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":364},"blogposts/blogposts/the-case-for-strategic-data-stewardship-re-imagining-data-governance-to-make-responsible-data-re-use-possible.json","The Case for Strategic Data Stewardship: Re-imagining Data Governance to Make Responsible Data Re-use Possible",[],"2026-01-10T12:00:00","This paper proposes strategic data stewardship as a complementary institutional function...","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/b367f581-72cc-4d17-bbba-1b4909241007","\u003Ch1>\u003Cstrong>The Case for Strategic Data Stewardship: Re-imagining Data Governance to Make Responsible Data Re-use Possible\u003C/strong>\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Author:\u003C/strong> Stefaan Verhulst \u003Cstrong>Date:\u003C/strong> January 10, 2026 \u003Cstrong>Source:\u003C/strong> \u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.06687\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">arXiv:2601.06687\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"abstract\">Abstract\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>As societal challenges grow more complex, access to data for public interest use is paradoxically becoming more constrained. This emerging \"data winter\" is not simply a matter of scarcity, but of shrinking legitimate and trusted pathways for responsible data reuse. Concerns over misuse, regulatory uncertainty, and the competitive race to train AI systems have concentrated data access among a few actors while raising costs and inhibiting collaboration.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Prevailing data governance models, focused on compliance, risk management, and internal control, are necessary but insufficient. They often result in data that is technically available yet practically inaccessible, legally shareable yet institutionally unusable, or socially illegitimate to deploy.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"key-argument\">Key Argument\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>The paper proposes \u003Cstrong>strategic data stewardship\u003C/strong> as a complementary institutional function designed to systematically, sustainably, and responsibly activate data for public value.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"the-data-winter-problem\">The Data Winter Problem\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Not a shortage of data itself, but restricted pathways for legitimate reuse\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Conventional governance approaches focusing on compliance, risk management, and internal control are insufficient\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Data often left technically available yet practically inaccessible\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"traditional-vs-strategic-data-stewardship\">Traditional vs Strategic Data Stewardship\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>Unlike traditional stewardship, which tends to be inward-looking, \u003Cstrong>strategic data stewardship\u003C/strong> focuses on:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Enabling cross-sector reuse\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Reducing missed opportunities\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Building durable, ecosystem-level collaboration\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Translating governance principles into actionable practices\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"framework-components\">Framework Components\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>The paper outlines:\u003C/p>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Core Principles\u003C/strong> — foundational values guiding data stewardship\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Operational Functions\u003C/strong> — practical activities stewards perform\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Competencies\u003C/strong> — skills required for effective stewardship\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Data Stewardship Canvas\u003C/strong> — practical implementation tool for adoption across contexts\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ol>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"application-contexts\">Application Contexts\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>The framework supports adoption across:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Data collaboratives\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Data spaces\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Data commons\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"relevance-to-ai\">Relevance to AI\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>Strategic data stewardship becomes increasingly vital in AI contexts, where governance principles must translate into actionable practices that:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Build ecosystem-wide trust\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Ensure data serves public interests\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Enable responsible AI development through proper data governance\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>",{},"/blogposts/the-case-for-strategic-data-stewardship-re-imagining-data-governance-to-make-responsible-data-re-use-possible",{"title":353,"description":356},"the-case-for-strategic-data-stewardship-re-imagining-data-governance-to-make-responsible-data-re-use-possible","blogposts/the-case-for-strategic-data-stewardship-re-imagining-data-governance-to-make-responsible-data-re-use-possible","JNxLQBatShaD2nrBa4hMM02fC6pj0z70eq9TEpq0PkQ",{"id":366,"title":367,"author":368,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":369,"body":34,"category":44,"date":370,"description":371,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":367,"image":372,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":373,"meta":374,"navigation":15,"path":375,"registrationLink":34,"seo":376,"slug":377,"startTime":34,"stem":378,"tags":379,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":384},"blogposts/blogposts/recent-uses-of-non-traditional-data-in-the-public-interest.json","Recent Uses of Non-Traditional Data in the Public Interest","Adam Zable ",[],"2026-01-06T12:00:00","Non-Traditional Data (NTD) — data that is digitally captured, mediated, or observed through sources such as satellites, sensors, online platforms, mobility traces, and crowdsourcing...","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/42b27573-eb92-46da-84a4-8f51d77fe8a0","\u003Cdiv class=\"base-card-body\" data-v-2b85cfb6=\"\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"base-card-content\" data-v-2b85cfb6=\"\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"article-card-content | stack-l\" data-v-871cfd72=\"\">\n\u003Ch1 class=\"article-card-title\">Recent Uses Of Non Traditional Data In The Public Interest\u003C/h1>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 24px; font-weight: bold;\">Introduction\u003C/span>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3576\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm alu xo xp xq alv xs xt gv alw xv xw ot alx xy xz oy aly yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Non-Traditional Data (NTD) — data that is digitally captured, mediated, or observed through sources such as satellites, sensors, online platforms, mobility traces, and crowdsourcing — continues to feature in public-interest research and decision support as a complement to traditional statistics and administrative records. Earlier updates in this series documented how these data sources have been used in areas such as public health, economic measurement, urban systems and mobility, environmental monitoring, and governance. This edition adds further evidence on where NTD is now being applied most consistently and the types of questions it is being used to address.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0701\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This update, covering work published between September and December 2025, is organized around the following thematic areas:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"0c6f\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Public Health Intelligence and Surveillance;\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"91de\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm akv xo xp xq akw xs xt gv akx xv xw ot aky xy xz oy akz yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Crisis Response and Humanitarian Decision Support\u003C/strong>;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"6175\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm akv xo xp xq akw xs xt gv akx xv xw ot aky xy xz oy akz yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Environment, Climate Resilience, and Air Quality;\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"5468\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm akv xo xp xq akw xs xt gv akx xv xw ot aky xy xz oy akz yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Urban Systems, Mobility, and Public Space;\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"cda9\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm akv xo xp xq akw xs xt gv akx xv xw ot aky xy xz oy akz yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Online Political Sentiment;\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"754a\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm akv xo xp xq akw xs xt gv akx xv xw ot aky xy xz oy akz yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Economic Opportunity and Labor Dynamics\u003C/strong>; and\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"3e0a\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm akv xo xp xq akw xs xt gv akx xv xw ot aky xy xz oy akz yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Migration\u003C/strong>.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"82f7\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Across these areas, the cases draw on a recurring set of non-traditional data sources, including:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8098\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Open-source digital information\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"b752\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">News media, online reports, blogs, and transcribed radio broadcasts (e.g. epidemic intelligence systems)\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"dbcb\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm akv xo xp xq akw xs xt gv akx xv xw ot aky xy xz oy akz yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Public web content scraped to detect emerging signals and trends\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"203b\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Wastewater and environmental biosignals\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"be2d\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Viral RNA measurements from wastewater at treatment plants and upstream sewer catchments\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"8845\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm akv xo xp xq akw xs xt gv akx xv xw ot aky xy xz oy akz yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Multi-pathogen wastewater surveillance (COVID-19, influenza, RSV, norovirus)\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"8214\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Online behavior and digital traces\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"1e4f\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Search engine query data (e.g. symptom- and disease-related searches)\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"2a0c\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm akv xo xp xq akw xs xt gv akx xv xw ot aky xy xz oy akz yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Social media posts, comments, engagement metrics, and timestamps\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"1598\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm akv xo xp xq akw xs xt gv akx xv xw ot aky xy xz oy akz yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Platform activity metadata linked (with consent) to cohort or survey data\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"48ad\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Crowdsourced and community-generated data\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"ea79\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Citizen reports submitted via mobile phones during disasters (flooding, landslides, infrastructure damage)\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"d8b5\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm akv xo xp xq akw xs xt gv akx xv xw ot aky xy xz oy akz yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Participatory mapping contributions, photos, and local observations\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"e763\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Mobile network and location data\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"e8e3\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Aggregated, anonymized mobile phone connectivity data to infer population movement and evacuation behavior\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"b4d5\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm akv xo xp xq akw xs xt gv akx xv xw ot aky xy xz oy akz yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Platform-based mobility data (e.g. traffic and routing applications)\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"0f55\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Remote sensing and satellite imagery\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"85df\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Optical, radar, and thermal satellite data for disaster damage assessment; agricultural disruption in conflict zones; and road quality, passability, and infrastructure change\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"4400\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm akv xo xp xq akw xs xt gv akx xv xw ot aky xy xz oy akz yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">AI-derived features extracted from high-resolution imagery\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"4a07\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Low-cost sensor data\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"722a\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Mobile air-quality sensors carried by delivery workers or mounted on vehicles\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"9024\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm akv xo xp xq akw xs xt gv akx xv xw ot aky xy xz oy akz yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">High-frequency environmental measurements outside fixed monitoring networks\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"ebe4\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Platform-generated economic and labor data\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"338e\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Aggregated professional profile and career-transition data from online labor platforms\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"5691\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm akv xo xp xq akw xs xt gv akx xv xw ot aky xy xz oy akz yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Transactional data from supermarket loyalty card programs\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"fd05\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Operational and administrative by-product data\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"d9c7\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Border management systems, asylum case records, service-provider datasets\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"285f\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm akv xo xp xq akw xs xt gv akx xv xw ot aky xy xz oy akz yb yc yd aks akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">NGO and humanitarian operational data not originally collected for statistical purposes\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"6f17\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Taken together, the cases offer a snapshot of recent practice in the reuse of non-traditional data for public-interest analysis. They illustrate how different data sources are being applied in specific institutional and geographic contexts, without seeking to draw broader conclusions about effectiveness, impact, or long-term sustainability.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"21dc\" class=\"all alm rx am aln gp alo gq gr gs alp gt gu ll alq lm lt lu alr lv mc md als me ml alt dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Public Health Intelligence and Surveillance\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/3946aeac-62a8-47bb-91cd-3f98d32ada12.webp?width=479&height=150\" alt=\"0 Bb E V5o0l Td Cp Us Os\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d4c2\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">World Health Organization. “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">WHO Upgrades Its Public Health Intelligence System to Boost Global Health Security\u003C/strong>.” October 13, 2025.\u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://www.who.int/news/item/13-10-2025-who-upgrades-its-public-health-intelligence-system-to-boost-global-health-security\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"> https://www.who.int/news/item/13-10-2025-who-upgrades-its-public-health-intelligence-system-to-boost-global-health-security\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c3b7\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus: \u003C/strong>Announces the launch of version 2.0 of the Epidemic Intelligence from Open Sources (EIOS) system, WHO’s global platform for early detection and monitoring of emerging public health threats.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6d97\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data: \u003C/strong>EIOS analyzes large volumes of publicly available information, including news media, social media, online reports, and transcribed radio broadcasts, using automated analytics and multilingual processing. The WHO operates EIOS as a public good, with more than 110 national public health agencies using the system to identify early signals that may not yet appear in laboratory or clinical data. The upgraded version integrates additional open-source data streams and applies automated analytics to help users identify, verify, and assess potential health threats.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d472\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters: \u003C/strong>The updated system expands the scale, diversity, and timeliness of global health intelligence available to countries. New features, including AI-supported signal detection, multilingual access, and the ability to analyze additional sources such as radio broadcasts, alongside improving collaborative analysis strengthens the ability of national and international actors to monitor health risks linked to disease emergence, climate impacts, and conflict.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/16055498-6fdb-4b3d-8c38-37254f01ded0.webp?width=381&height=150\" alt=\"0 Xb S4oma Bqndv O Sj\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b795\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Bebinger, Martha. “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Boston-Based AI Disease Tracker Aims to Be an ‘Alarm Bell’ as the Trump Administration Severs Global Health Ties\u003C/strong>.” \u003Cem class=\"ye\">WBUR\u003C/em>, September 12, 2025. \u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://www.wbur.org/news/2025/09/12/boston-ai-biothreat-tracker-beacon-cdc-diseases-global-health\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">https://www.wbur.org/news/2025/09/12/boston-ai-biothreat-tracker-beacon-cdc-diseases-global-health\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d59e\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus: \u003C/strong>Profiles the development and early deployment of BEACON, an independent disease surveillance platform designed to detect and communicate emerging public health threats.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5f0c\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data: \u003C/strong>Researchers at Boston University designed BEACON to aggregate publicly available web-based information, including news reports, online sources, and user submissions, alongside inputs from a global network of infectious disease experts. Automated web scraping generates roughly half of all alerts, while expert contributions and verified public reports account for the remainder. Medical and public health professionals review all signals before the platform publishes them in a continuously updated, open-access feed that maps outbreaks across countries and pathogens.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ca54\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters: \u003C/strong>BEACON shortens the time between initial reporting of disease events and public communication. In its first months of operation, the platform produced hundreds of alerts across multiple pathogens and regions, demonstrating its ability to operate at global scale. The system provides openly accessible outbreak intelligence that supports monitoring and decision-making even when traditional surveillance capacity is reduced or disrupted.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/6d49b322-a84f-4dce-9b58-e93736e88532.webp?width=245&height=200\" alt=\"0 B C0 Y529snqe E Zrw K\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0222\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Oswald, Claire, Stephanie Melles, Kimberley Gilbride, Eyerusalem Goitom, Sarah Ariano, Alexandra Johnston, Eden Hataley, Amir Tehrani, Nora Dannah, Hussain Aqeel, Christopher Wellen, James Li & Steven Liss. “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Identification of Sentinel Upstream Community Sites for Wastewater Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in a Large Urban Area\u003C/strong>.” \u003Cem class=\"ye\">Water Research\u003C/em>, Volume 284, 123958.\u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.123958\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"> September 15, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.123958\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"bdc3\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus: \u003C/strong>Evaluates how upstream wastewater sampling locations improve neighborhood-level detection of COVID-19 transmission.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"fae3\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data: \u003C/strong>The research team analyzed high-frequency viral RNA measurements from untreated wastewater collected across multiple upstream sewer catchments in Toronto. The analysis combined wastewater signals with geospatial sewer network data and community marginalization indices to assess where wastewater signals most closely aligned with reported clinical cases. Results show that upstream sites, particularly in dense and socially vulnerable communities with shorter pipe lengths, captured infection dynamics earlier and more clearly than centralized treatment plants.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1bb4\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters: \u003C/strong>Wastewater surveillance performance depends in part on where data collection occurs and how infrastructure and social context shape the collected signals. Accounting for these factors can improve early warning capacity and support more equitable surveillance design.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/2afba38e-d4da-4ded-805d-214353464db2.webp?width=229&height=200\" alt=\"0 Hldhi O Gzqu Gsd 5K\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1763\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Amirali, Ayaaz, Mark E. Sharkey, Shruti Choudhary, Kristina M. Babler, Cynthia C. Beaver, Pratim Biswas, Kate R. Bowie, Taylor Burke, Benjamin B. Currall, George S. Grills, Hannah G. Healy, Alexander G. Lucaci, Christopher E. Mason, Michaela McGuire, Rosemarie Ramos, Madelena Ruedaflores, Natasha Schaefer Solle, Stephan C. Schürer, Bhavarth S. Shukla, Mario Stevenson, Helena M. Solo-Gabriele. “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Long-Term Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 in Wastewater and the Transition to Evaluate Additional Viral Targets\u003C/strong>.” \u003Cem class=\"ye\">Science of the Total Environment\u003C/em>, Volume 995 (2025), 180096. September 15, 2025.\u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180096\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"> https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180096\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b8a1\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus: \u003C/strong>Assesses the long-term reliability of wastewater-based surveillance and examines the feasibility of expanding surveillance beyond SARS-CoV-2 to additional viral targets.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"39c9\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data: \u003C/strong>Researchers analyzed nearly four years of wastewater viral concentration data collected from three regional treatment plants in Miami-Dade County and processed by multiple laboratories. The study compared wastewater signals with several clinical health metrics across time and geography. The analysis also expanded monitoring to influenza A and B, norovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and human metapneumovirus to evaluate multi-pathogen surveillance capacity.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"59ff\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters: \u003C/strong>Long-term evidence on wastewater surveillance remains limited despite widespread adoption. The study shows that correlations with disease prevalence vary by geography, population mobility, variant dynamics, and choice of clinical comparator. Consistent detection of multiple pathogens across laboratories supports the feasibility of distributed surveillance systems while underscoring the importance of spatial and temporal context.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/72b1e5b1-a155-4b1c-937a-a460f2496d70.webp?width=363&height=200\" alt=\"0 8 Fw F L2meaiz Li8 Uk\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5f3e\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Deshpande, Gargi, Bijay Rimal, Kristen Shelton, Jason Vogel, Bradley Stevenson, Katrin Gaardbo Kuhn. “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Wastewater-Based Surveillance for Influenza and Respiratory Syncytial Virus: Insights from a 21-Month Study in Oklahoma\u003C/strong>.” \u003Cem class=\"ye\">Epidemics\u003C/em>, Volume 53, 100861. October 2025.\u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epidem.2025.100861\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"> https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epidem.2025.100861\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"070f\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus: \u003C/strong>Tests whether wastewater surveillance can track seasonal circulation of influenza and RSV at statewide scale.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"039c\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data: \u003C/strong>The study analyzed weekly wastewater samples from 18 treatment plants across Oklahoma to measure viral RNA concentrations for influenza A, influenza B, and RSV over a 21-month period. Researchers compared these signals with hospitalization data and test positivity across urban, rural, and underserved communities.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"66c3\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters: \u003C/strong>Clinical surveillance often undercounts mild or asymptomatic infections and lags behind transmission trends. Wastewater data offers a population-representative view of respiratory virus circulation across large and diverse regions that does not depend on individual testing or care-seeking behavior. Statewide surveillance supports more comprehensive situational awareness, particularly in communities with limited access to healthcare or testing.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/15146b7d-117c-4ac6-8cb7-7624c7a1c7f9.webp?width=367&height=200\" alt=\"0 U Rt N2cfgp0 Ye S1n\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"efdb\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Farkas, Kata, Devrim Kaya, Rasha Maal-Bared, Ahmad I. Al-Mustapha, Sarmila Tandukar, Ishi Keenum, Teemu Gunnar, Aaron Bivins, Matthew J. Wade, Kyle Bibby, Tarja M. Pitkänen & Ananda Tiwari. “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Communicating Wastewater-Based Surveillance Data to Drive Action\u003C/strong>.” \u003Cem class=\"ye\">Journal of Water and Health\u003C/em>, Volume 23, Issue 9. September 1, 2025. \u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2025.080\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2025.080\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8c80\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus: \u003C/strong>Examines how communication practices shape the public health value of wastewater surveillance data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a261\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data: \u003C/strong>The study reviews how public health agencies, utilities, and research institutions generate and share aggregated wastewater pathogen signals through dashboards, standardized reports, online repositories, and near-real-time data feeds. These systems link laboratory outputs with decision-makers across local, national, and international contexts.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0c68\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters: \u003C/strong>Effective public health surveillance depends not only on data collection but on whether decision-makers and communities can interpret and use the information. Inconsistent formats, unclear thresholds, and fragmented digital infrastructure limit the usability of wastewater surveillance. Moving away from treating laboratory results as standalone scientific outputs, towards integrating wastewater data into standardized digital communication systems, can improve interpretation, coordination, and trust across sectors as countries institutionalize wastewater monitoring beyond COVID-19.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/ed5ed9a9-02b8-47b6-a6b0-daf6a33b7407.webp?width=645&height=200\" alt=\"0 Z D5 Okit A8p Dl4i S\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ec15\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Alshahrani, Abdulrahman M., Areej A. Alahmadi, Fahad S. Alzahrani, and Saeed S. Alqahtani. “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Enhancing the Accuracy of COVID-19 Incidence and Mortality Predictions Using Google Trends Data Across the 50 U.S. States and the District of Columbia\u003C/strong>.” \u003Cem class=\"ye\">Data & Policy\u003C/em>, Volume 7, e77. November 3, 2025.\u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/dap.2025.10036\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"> \u003C/a>\u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy/article/enhancing-the-accuracy-of-covid19-incidence-and-mortality-predictions-using-google-trends-data-across-the-50-us-states-and-the-district-of-columbia/A855E95979B30B4130F14C8FBBF3F0BD\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy/article/enhancing-the-accuracy-of-covid19-incidence-and-mortality-predictions-using-google-trends-data-across-the-50-us-states-and-the-district-of-columbia/A855E95979B30B4130F14C8FBBF3F0BD\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7ad6\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus: \u003C/strong>Tests whether online search behavior can improve short-term predictions of COVID-19 incidence and mortality.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3d07\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data: \u003C/strong>The authors used aggregated Google Trends queries related to symptoms, testing, and disease awareness at the state level. The study integrated these indicators into predictive models alongside reported case and death data and evaluated multiple lag structures.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"580f\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters: \u003C/strong>Search behavior reflects population concern and symptom experience earlier than formal reporting. Incorporating these signals can improve predictive accuracy during periods of rapid change and illustrates how behavioral data can complement epidemiological surveillance.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/bd8ceca2-5620-4955-986c-c2edf1ce7409.webp?width=487&height=200\" alt=\"0 P Mjrd Dd J4stpw Ds A\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"76aa\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Dahiya, Liza & Rachit Bagga. “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Digital Epidemiology: Leveraging Social Media for Insight into Epilepsy and Mental Health\u003C/strong>.” \u003Cem class=\"ye\">Journal of Computational Social Science\u003C/em>, Volume 9, Article 1. November 4, 2025.\u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42001-025-00402-x\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"> https://doi.org/10.1007/s42001-025-00402-x\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"9ed2\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus: \u003C/strong>Analyzes social media discussions to identify mental health risks and support needs among people with epilepsy and their caregivers.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f622\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data: \u003C/strong>The researchers analyzed approximately 57,000 posts and over 530,000 comments from Reddit’s r/Epilepsy community over three years. The dataset captures unsolicited expressions of symptoms, treatment experiences, emotional distress, and caregiving challenges. Researchers used text analysis to extract themes, temporal patterns, and indicators of depression across demographic groups.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1aac\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters: \u003C/strong>Mental health comorbidities in epilepsy often remain under-detected in clinical settings. By linking linguistic patterns and engagement metrics to reported experiences across age, gender, and caregiver relationships, researchers can use social media data to provide complementary insight into emerging concerns and vulnerable groups, particularly younger adults and caregivers.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/a6cf5ade-508b-4b26-ad56-3385ad8ead83.webp?width=440&height=200\" alt=\"0 P82 Ldeeog K Eux6i D\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ea6e\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Joinson, David, Claire M. A. Haworth, Emma Simpson, Nello Cristianini, Nicholas H. Di Cara, & Oliver S. P. Davis. “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Active Night-Time Tweeting Is Associated with Meaningfully Lower Mental Wellbeing in a UK Birth Cohort Study\u003C/strong>.” \u003Cem class=\"ye\">Scientific Reports\u003C/em> 15: 34301.\u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-14745-y\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"> October 9, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-14745-y\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ab62\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus:\u003C/strong> Examines associations between night-time social media use and mental wellbeing in adults.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"139b\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data:\u003C/strong> The research team linked consented Twitter activity metadata with participants in a UK longitudinal birth cohort. The study used Tweet timestamps to calculate each participant’s average posting time in the two weeks preceding validated mental health assessments. They combined these behavioral traces with longitudinal cohort data to analyze associations between digital activity patterns and mental health outcomes.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6006\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xo xp xq xs xt gv xv xw ot xy xz oy yb yc yp yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters:\u003C/strong> Platform-generated behavioral traces allow researchers to study mental health risks that self-report methods often miss. The findings are directly relevant to ongoing policy debates on digital wellbeing, platform design, and online safety regulation.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xo xp xq xs xt gv xv xw ot xy xz oy yb yc yp yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/4f66e750-77ad-44a3-98eb-12f65dbe3478.webp?width=361&height=200\" alt=\"0 S Ehga Sy U7qega Be\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7467\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Burgess, Romana, Ayesha Suhag, and Anna Skatova. “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Exploring the use of supermarket loyalty card data in health research: A scoping review\u003C/strong>.” Public Health, Volume 247. October 2025. \u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105848\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105848\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6747\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus: \u003C/strong>Synthesizes evidence on how researchers use supermarket loyalty card data to study health outcomes and inequalities.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"9f20\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data: \u003C/strong>The review covers 44 studies that used loyalty card transaction data to infer dietary patterns, alcohol and tobacco consumption, medication use, and responses to policy interventions such as sugar taxes and pricing reforms. Many studies linked retail data with surveys, deprivation indices, food composition databases, or health records.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ac23\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters: \u003C/strong>Loyalty card data enable longitudinal observation of health-related behavior at population scale. The review highlights both the analytical value and governance challenges involved in integrating private-sector data into public health research and decision-making.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"6287\" class=\"all alm rx am aln gp alo gq gr gs alp gt gu ll alq lm lt lu alr lv mc md als me ml alt dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Crisis Response and Humanitarian Decision Support\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/1b917ab6-e2d0-4aba-a06d-8b8b1ed30f46.webp?width=306&height=200\" alt=\"0  M5olxr C M4z491t\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"cd84\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">PetaBencana.id. “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Understanding Sumatra’s Extreme Floods and How Communities Are Responding” and “Bali Under Water: Communities Map Floods in Real Time to Guide Evacuations\u003C/strong>.” \u003Cem class=\"ye\">PetaBencana Blog\u003C/em>. 2025.\u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://blog.petabencana.id/category/uncategorized/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"> https://blog.petabencana.id/category/uncategorized\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"e4d8\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus:\u003C/strong> Documents community-led flood mapping that supported evacuations and response operations during major flood events in Sumatra and Bali in late 2025.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2a47\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data:\u003C/strong> Residents submitted geolocated reports through PetaBencana.id during unfolding emergencies. Contributors reported flooded roads, blocked bridges, landslides, rising water levels, and unsafe zones via mobile devices. The platform aggregated reports into a live public map that reflected on-the-ground conditions as infrastructure failed and official updates lagged. Emergency services and volunteer groups used the map alongside official channels to identify priority evacuation areas, deploy rescue assets, coordinate sandbagging, and manage traffic.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"257e\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters:\u003C/strong> Flood response requires timely, granular situational awareness when conditions change faster than official alerts can circulate. Community-generated reports can fill critical information gaps and provide operationally relevant detail that traditional monitoring systems often cannot deliver during fast-moving disasters.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/e4086963-0437-4b1c-aceb-f99d3e309ce2.webp?width=265&height=200\" alt=\"0 Fu1 N Lg4 A70 Pdr U2b\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"9aae\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Abid, Sheikh Kamran, Ruhizal Roosli, Umber Nazir, and Nur Shazwani Kamarudin. “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">AI-Enhanced Crowdsourcing for Disaster Management: Strengthening Community Resilience Through Social Media\u003C/strong>.” \u003Cem class=\"ye\">International Journal of Emergency Medicine\u003C/em> 18, Article 201. October 13, 2025.\u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-025-01009-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"> https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-025-01009-9\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"62f4\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus: \u003C/strong>Synthesizes evidence on how machine learning and social media crowdsourcing can improve disaster management and strengthen community resilience.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8bb0\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data: \u003C/strong>The study examines citizen-generated social media content shared during disasters, including text, images, video, and location-tagged updates. The authors review how machine learning methods can sort, classify, and prioritize these data streams to support preparedness and response, with particular attention to disaster cooperation in Pakistan. The paper highlights use cases where automated processing can help identify urgent needs, improve situational assessments, and support coordination between communities and response organizations.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1762\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters: \u003C/strong>Many disaster systems struggle to convert high-volume citizen reporting into actionable intelligence. The study shows how automated analytics can connect community-generated signals to decision-making in rapidly evolving emergencies. The Pakistan focus reflects broader patterns across the Global South, where responders increasingly rely on AI-enabled tools to make crowdsourced information usable at operational speeds.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/be7644fd-7082-4bef-a242-0ca1f7bdf45b.webp?width=372&height=200\" alt=\"0 Cs5 T Lex N T8 O0pjn\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"de91\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Elejalde, Erick, Timur Naushirvanov, Kyriaki Kalimeri, Elisa Omodei, Márton Karsai, Loreto Bravo, and Leo Ferres. “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Use of Mobile Phone Data to Measure Behavioral Response to SMS Evacuation Alerts\u003C/strong>.” \u003Cem class=\"ye\">International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction\u003C/em>, Volume 131, Article 105919.\u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105919\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"> December 2025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105919\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"9d9f\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus: \u003C/strong>Measures real-time evacuation behavior following emergency SMS alerts during the February 2024 wildfires in Valparaíso, Chile.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f429\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data: \u003C/strong>The researchers used anonymized mobile network data from approximately 580,000 devices to infer population movement before and after evacuation alerts. Changes in mobile tower connectivity served as a proxy for evacuation timing, intensity, and recovery. The study evaluated spillover movement into non-warned areas and examined differences across socioeconomic groups. The analysis revealed patterns consistent with alert fatigue, voluntary evacuation outside targeted zones, and unequal capacity to evacuate and return.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6635\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters: \u003C/strong>Emergency managers often lack direct evidence on whether alerts trigger movement and which communities face constraints in responding. Mobile network data enables high-frequency observation of evacuation behavior at operational timescales. The findings show how repeated alerts can reduce responsiveness, how evacuation extends beyond designated zones, and how socioeconomic differences shape evacuation and recovery outcomes.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/3de10188-75a7-4786-9f0e-bf705fb4df6f.webp?width=442&height=200\" alt=\"0 H Oyqs Xb0mca J7 Exy\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"bba4\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Ramachandran, Anu, Akash Yadav, and Andrew Schroeder. “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Implementation of Remote-Sensing Models to Identify Post-Disaster Health Facility Damage: Comparative Approaches to the 2023 Earthquake in Turkey\u003C/strong>.” \u003Cem class=\"ye\">PLOS Digital Health\u003C/em>, Volume 4, Issue 10, e0001060. October 27, 2025.\u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pdig.0001060\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"> https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pdig.0001060\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6e0a\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus: \u003C/strong>Evaluates AI-based damage detection models that estimate health facility damage from post-disaster imagery after the 2023 earthquake in Türkiye.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"cd76\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data: \u003C/strong>The researchers combined AI-generated building damage estimates with open and semi-crowdsourced health facility location data, including hospitals, dialysis centers, and pharmacies. Two machine learning models produced building-level damage outputs from post-event imagery. The team intersected model outputs with facility location points to estimate likely facility damage, and it tested both facility-level overlays and spatially aggregated approaches. Open mapping sources expanded facility coverage, particularly for pharmacies that official post-disaster inventories often omit.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"eeab\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters: \u003C/strong>Response teams need early insight into damage to health infrastructure to allocate medical resources and plan recovery, yet ground assessments often take weeks. The study shows that AI-derived damage layers combined with facility location data can generate scalable early indicators and support prioritization. The results also show that spatially aggregated approaches can improve performance, while current models still fall short of replacing on-the-ground validation.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/c332f787-e8b6-42c8-bc36-684002b45fa9.webp?width=355&height=200\" alt=\"0 P Wb2u E Tsf2 Ah Tc\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"4332\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Heidelberg Institute for Geoinformation Technology (HeiGIT). “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">New Global Satellite Dataset for Humanitarian Routing and Tracking Infrastructure Change\u003C/strong>.” \u003Cem class=\"ye\">Eurekalert!\u003C/em> November 19, 2025.\u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://heigit.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"> \u003C/a>\u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1106576\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1106576\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"cddc\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus: \u003C/strong>Introduces a global dataset that characterizes road surface quality, width, and change over time to support humanitarian routing and infrastructure monitoring.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8fd8\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data: \u003C/strong>HeiGIT built the dataset from high-resolution commercial satellite imagery from PlanetScope and applied machine learning to classify road surface type and width across 9.2 million kilometers of routes worldwide. The pipeline generates a Humanitarian Passability Score that estimates accessibility under varying conditions. The dataset tracks infrastructure change from 2020 to 2024 and converts imagery into a dynamic view of road quality rather than a static map. The team distributed outputs as an open dataset through the Humanitarian Data Exchange to enable reuse by humanitarian organizations, governments, and researchers.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1314\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters: \u003C/strong>Humanitarian logistics and disaster response depend on reliable information about which routes remain usable, especially during seasonal disruption and extreme weather. Many regions lack current or detailed road condition data. The dataset offers globally consistent road quality indicators and supports routing decisions, investment planning, and monitoring of infrastructure change, including in rural and underserved areas.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"258c\" class=\"all alm rx am aln gp alo gq gr gs alp gt gu ll alq lm lt lu alr lv mc md als me ml alt dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Environment, Climate Resilience, and Air Quality\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/cfb87878-bd10-47a9-a083-4f400bd9c180.webp?width=451&height=200\" alt=\"0 L B20w Vz6 Gf I Wi Ay\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f86d\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Lyons, David. “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Mapping a fairer future: The open-source movement that’s mobilising for climate resilience\u003C/strong>”. \u003Cem class=\"ye\">Pioneers Post\u003C/em>. October 21, 2025. \u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://immersives.pioneerspost.com/openstreetmap-climate-resilience/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">https://immersives.pioneerspost.com/openstreetmap-climate-resilience/index.html\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"e54b\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus: \u003C/strong>Shows how OpenStreetMap contributors and partners use open geospatial data to support disaster preparedness, climate resilience planning, and infrastructure investment in underserved regions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"750a\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data: \u003C/strong>Volunteers and local organizations generate and update geospatial data through participatory field surveys, drone imagery, and locally collected observations. Contributors map roads, buildings, drainage, shade cover, flood exposure, and emergency resources in places where commercial maps and official registries remain incomplete. The Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team combines these inputs with AI-assisted mapping tools to expand coverage while local participants validate results and correct errors.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0eb7\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters: \u003C/strong>Emergency response and climate adaptation depend on accurate, current information about what exists on the ground and where risks concentrate. Locally produced maps can speed response during floods, fires, and heat events and can inform investment choices such as drainage upgrades or targeted flood mitigation. The work also strengthens local capacity to generate and use data, which can reduce dependence on external actors and support longer-term, community-owned data ecosystems.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/8dab248e-4fcc-4b65-8f43-ecddd65faaa0.webp?width=200&height=267\" alt=\"0 M Yj Dix Gmxw5dm Jr G\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b111\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Perry, Niál, Peter P. Pedersen, Charles N. Christensen, Emanuel Nussli, Sanelma Heinonen, Lorena Gordillo Dagallier, Raphaël Jacquat, Sebastian Horstmann & Christoph Franck. “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Detecting Urban PM Hotspots with Mobile Sensing and Gaussian Process Regression\u003C/strong>.” \u003Cem class=\"ye\">arXiv\u003C/em>. September 21, 2025.\u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.17175?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"> https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.17175\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2474\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus: \u003C/strong>Develops a method that identifies urban particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution hotspots using mobile low-cost sensors and probabilistic spatial modeling.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2ba7\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data: \u003C/strong>Delivery workers in Kigali, Rwanda carried low-cost sensors mounted on electric motorbikes during routine routes, generating high-frequency, geolocated pollution measurements that differ from structured readings from fixed monitoring stations. The researchers normalized sensor readings to reduce background effects and applied Gaussian process regression to estimate city-wide PM2.5 patterns. The method produces hotspot scores that represent the probability that pollution in a given area exceeds the city-wide median. The approach also uses open-source mapping data and software to support replication without access to formal monitoring infrastructure.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3d21\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters: \u003C/strong>Many rapidly growing cities lack dense air quality monitoring networks, which limits understanding of exposure and weakens the evidence base for intervention. Mobility-based sensing can produce actionable, high-resolution pollution maps without reliance on fixed sensors or satellite-only estimates. Hotspot identification can support targeted clean air interventions, transport planning, and public health assessment for populations facing persistent exposure.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/39c705ab-5d06-4d83-8d83-d6f133ca196b.webp?width=414&height=200\" alt=\"0 L6 Wlxx Hjs M F2b59 L\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"fb4f\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Deininger, Klaus; Daniel Ayalew Ali, Nataliia Kussul, Guido Lemoine, Andrii Shelestov, and Leonid Shumilo. “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Using Remotely Sensed Data to Assess War-Induced Damage to Agricultural Cultivation: Evidence from Ukraine\u003C/strong>.” \u003Cem class=\"ye\">World Bank Group,\u003C/em> Policy Research Working Paper 11221. September 25, 2025. \u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/099726309252542219\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/099726309252542219\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6538\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus: \u003C/strong>Quantifies war-related damage to agricultural cultivation in Ukraine and measures changes in crop activity across conflict-affected regions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7766\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data: \u003C/strong>The researchers used high-frequency satellite-derived indicators to detect damage and abandonment in farmland. The analysis drew on Sentinel optical and radar imagery, thermal fire-detection data, and satellite-based crop classification maps to identify burned fields, artillery impacts, vehicle tracks, trenches, and disrupted planting. These remotely sensed measures supported tracking of winter and summer crop cultivation across nearly 10,000 local administrative units, including areas with limited access, shifting frontlines, and incomplete official reporting.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ede6\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters: \u003C/strong>Conflict-driven agricultural losses affect food security, rural livelihoods, and post-war recovery, yet traditional reporting often cannot measure impacts at scale. Satellite-derived indicators provide timely, consistent evidence that can reveal losses beyond those captured in media-based conflict datasets. The results can inform humanitarian assistance, compensation design, demining priorities, and reconstruction planning.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"6074\" class=\"all alm rx am aln gp alo gq gr gs alp gt gu ll alq lm lt lu alr lv mc md als me ml alt dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Urban Systems, Mobility, and Public Space\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/743c168a-213f-4810-bf06-a00214586df8.webp?width=356&height=200\" alt=\"0 Uk Zkd Vya D2 X Sowai\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7c2a\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Gambrell, Dane. “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Vibe Coding the City: How One Developer Used Open Data to Map Every Public Space in New York City\u003C/strong>.” \u003Cem class=\"ye\">Rebooting Democracy in the Age of AI\u003C/em>. October 14, 2025. \u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://rebootdemocracy.ai/blog/vibe-coding-the-city-how-one-developer-used-open-data-to-map-every-public-space-in-new-york-city\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">https://rebootdemocracy.ai/blog/vibe-coding-the-city-how-one-developer-used-open-data-to-map-every-public-space-in-new-york-city\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3dcc\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus: \u003C/strong>Describes how civic technologist Chris Whong consolidated fragmented public datasets to map New York City’s public spaces in a single searchable tool.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"4c09\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data:\u003C/strong> The project combined open government datasets on parks, plazas, waterfront access areas, schoolyards, and privately owned public spaces. The developer cleaned and standardized records into a unified spatial inventory and supplemented official data with community-submitted updates, photos, and amenity details collected through the app. Generative AI assisted coding and produced initial descriptions for thousands of spaces, while user contributions and moderation corrected errors and added context.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c9fb\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters: \u003C/strong>Residents often cannot use public space information effectively because agencies publish it in fragmented formats with inconsistent structures. A consolidated and enriched map can improve access to everyday amenities and support navigation, accessibility planning, and community use of the public realm.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/13dc5d9d-2083-4e27-862f-13f4af8eaa8e.webp?width=356&height=200\" alt=\"0 6bl V Isc P Yx6 F Ky0h\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3d56\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Pirlea, Ana Florina, and Divyanshi Wadhwa. “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Understanding Traffic Changes During COVID-19 Through Waze Data\u003C/strong>.” \u003Cem class=\"ye\">Development Data Partnership\u003C/em>, World Bank. November 24, 2025.\u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://datapartnership.org/updates/understanding-traffic-changes-during-covid-19-through-waze-data/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"> https://datapartnership.org/updates/understanding-traffic-changes-during-covid-19-through-waze-data/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b94c\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus: \u003C/strong>Analyzes how city road traffic changed during COVID-19 lockdowns and reopening using real-time Waze mobility data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c6e6\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data: \u003C/strong>The World Bank accessed anonymized, aggregated traffic data from Waze through the Development Data Partnership. The team measured changes in road traffic volume in New York, Bogotá, Mumbai, and Manila following stay-at-home orders and reopening phases. Platform-based signals enabled city-level observation of behavioral responses to policy interventions on short time horizons.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0779\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters: \u003C/strong>Transport planners and policymakers need timely evidence on how crises reshape mobility patterns to manage congestion, emissions, and system resilience. Platform data can reveal immediate and uneven impacts across cities with different income levels and governance contexts. Integrating these signals with economic and environmental indicators can support more responsive and resilient urban planning.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"d4bf\" class=\"all alm rx am aln gp alo gq gr gs alp gt gu ll alq lm lt lu alr lv mc md als me ml alt dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Online Political Sentiment\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/7a1f0a20-52e6-4940-8b7e-e27a9aeff479.webp?width=569&height=200\" alt=\"0 Rk1 Pxf Fhk89ot3ps\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"07dd\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Askarizade, Mojgan, Ensieh Davoodijam. “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Analyzing Public Sentiment in Iranian Presidential Elections on Twitter Using Large Language Models\u003C/strong>.” \u003Cem class=\"ye\">Journal of Computational Social Science\u003C/em>, Volume 8, Article 102. October 17, 2025.\u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42001-025-00402-x\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"> \u003C/a>\u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s42001-025-00431-6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s42001-025-00431-6\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1634\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus: \u003C/strong>Measures shifts in public sentiment and candidate attention during the 2024 Iranian presidential election using Persian-language Twitter activity.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"afc6\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data: \u003C/strong>The researchers analyzed 111,386 election-related Persian-language tweets collected during the election period. The dataset included tweet text, user metadata, and engagement indicators, which captured political expression in an environment where polling and open survey research face constraints. The authors applied large language models to classify sentiment at scale and traced hourly and daily sentiment dynamics across the election cycle.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1560\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters: \u003C/strong>Policymakers and researchers often lack reliable, timely measures of public opinion in settings where political expression is sensitive and traditional data sources are limited. Social media analysis can offer an additional lens on political engagement and sentiment dynamics. The study also illustrates how large language models can support analysis of non-English political discourse.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"11a1\" class=\"all alm rx am aln gp alo gq gr gs alp gt gu ll alq lm lt lu alr lv mc md als me ml alt dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Economic Opportunity and Labor Dynamics\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/53b979f7-8158-4436-8317-931fcfcfe265.webp?width=300&height=200\" alt=\"0 1 M Q2yy J Oeceg 7 U1\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d867\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Yañez-Pagans, Patricia, Jimena Serrano, Mattia Chiapello, Magdalena Barafani, Casey Weston, Silvia Lara, and Alejandra Barrientos. “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Fixing the Broken Rung: How Data Can Help Advance Women’s Careers in Latin America and the Caribbean\u003C/strong>.” \u003Cem class=\"ye\">IDB Group Blogs (Sustainable Businesses Blog)\u003C/em>. November 5, 2025. \u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://idbinvest.org/en/blog/gender/fixing-broken-rung-how-data-can-help-advance-womens-careers-latin-america-and-caribbean\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">https://idbinvest.org/en/blog/gender/fixing-broken-rung-how-data-can-help-advance-womens-careers-latin-america-and-caribbean\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b860\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus: \u003C/strong>Identifies where women’s representation drops most sharply along the career ladder in Latin America and the Caribbean, with emphasis on the move from entry-level roles into management.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"daa3\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data: \u003C/strong>The analysis uses aggregated and anonymized LinkedIn profile data across 18 countries, including job titles, sectors, seniority levels, and transitions. The dataset enables comparisons across industries and countries at a scale and granularity that labor force surveys typically cannot provide. IDB Invest accessed the data through an agreement with LinkedIn under the Development Data Partnership\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"87ea\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters: \u003C/strong>Policymakers and employers need clearer evidence on where career progression breaks down to design effective interventions that close gender gaps in leadership and earnings. Traditional labor statistics rarely capture internal transitions with sufficient detail. Platform-based data can support targeted responses such as leadership pipelines, sector-specific inclusion strategies, and reskilling programs grounded in observed career pathways.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/6eb85d8c-8189-4590-9750-b59ce22e1307.webp?width=367&height=200\" alt=\"0 I0 a ML Dxkde Aw Ti6 B\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"716a\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Aliu, Toluwani. “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">How AI Is Powering Grassroots Solutions for Underserved Communities\u003C/strong>.” \u003Cem class=\"ye\">World Economic Forum\u003C/em>. September 2, 2025. \u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://africa.businessinsider.com/news/a-nonprofit-used-ai-to-document-77-million-miles-of-unmapped-waterways-heres-why-that/bwdn0gh\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">https://africa.businessinsider.com/news/a-nonprofit-used-ai-to-document-77-million-miles-of-unmapped-waterways-heres-why-that/bwdn0gh\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8c20\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus\u003C/strong>: Describes how a nonprofit maps unmapped waterways to identify missing bridge infrastructure and help decision-makers prioritize investments that expand access to services and markets.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6ff4\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data: \u003C/strong>The initiative uses geospatial signals derived from satellite imagery and related passively collected sources to map waterways and identify likely bridge sites at scale. Machine learning helps analyze elevation, vegetation, and hydrological patterns and reduces reliance on time-intensive field surveys. The organization combines these outputs with information on population locations, destinations such as schools and clinics, and travel-time proxies to estimate who lacks safe crossings and where investments yield the highest access gains.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"49d5\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Spatial data quality influences which communities receive infrastructure investment and how quickly needs assessments translate into action. Waterway mapping linked to access indicators can improve transparency and speed for site selection and planning. The work has informed infrastructure planning in parts of East Africa and has reduced the time and cost associated with identifying high-impact bridge locations.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"466d\" class=\"all alm rx am aln gp alo gq gr gs alp gt gu ll alq lm lt lu alr lv mc md als me ml alt dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Migration\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/709f6b09-6bf8-4a5d-8b11-cc635732231c.webp?width=200&height=283\" alt=\"0 8nr Qn Ki T8n V9k Icn\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8ad9\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Kierans, Denis, and Albert Kraler, eds. “\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Handbook on Irregular Migration Data. Concepts, Methods and Practices\u003C/strong>.” \u003Cem class=\"ye\">MIrreM Project\u003C/em>, \u003Cem class=\"ye\">University of Krems Press\u003C/em>. October 9, 2025. \u003Ca class=\"cg qq\" href=\"https://door.donau-uni.ac.at/detail/o:5665\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">https://door.donau-uni.ac.at/detail/o:5665\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"996b\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Focus: \u003C/strong>Provides practical guidance on how institutions collect, interpret, and govern data on irregular migration.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"119b\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Role of Non-Traditional Data: \u003C/strong>The handbook covers data sources that extend beyond censuses and surveys, including border management systems, asylum and case-processing records, visa and permit databases, return and detention records, service-provider data, NGO operational datasets, and digitally mediated information flows. It discusses methods that combine fragmented datasets across institutions and jurisdictions and estimation approaches that address undercounting and invisibility. The text also emphasizes ethical safeguards for handling sensitive personal information.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b7ba\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Why This Matters: \u003C/strong>Irregular migration remains difficult to measure and politically contested, yet it shapes humanitarian protection, labor markets, and border governance. Clearer definitions and transparent methods can improve consistency and credibility in estimates. Shared standards for data access, interpretation, and protection can strengthen accountability and support evidence-informed policy in high-stakes settings.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"984b\" class=\"all alm rx am aln gp alo gq gr gs alp gt gu ll alq lm lt lu alr lv mc md als me ml alt dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Reflections\u003C/h2>\n\u003Col class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"440f\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm alu xo xp xq alv xs xt gv alw xv xw ot alx xy xz oy aly yb yc yd alh akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Public health intelligence is the most prominent application area: \u003C/strong>Many cases focus on early detection and situational awareness rather than long-term epidemiological measurement. Open-source epidemic intelligence systems, wastewater surveillance, search behavior, and online discussion are used to complement clinical reporting, especially where testing, coverage, or timeliness are limited.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"ded2\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm akv xo xp xq akw xs xt gv akx xv xw ot aky xy xz oy akz yb yc yd alh akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Most uses support monitoring and operational decision-making: \u003C/strong>The strongest examples emphasize understanding conditions as they evolve, including tracking outbreaks, observing evacuation behavior, mapping flood impacts, assessing damage to health facilities, and identifying accessible transport routes during crises.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"fd56\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm akv xo xp xq akw xs xt gv akx xv xw ot aky xy xz oy akz yb yc yd alh akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Specific data types recur in consistent, task-oriented roles: \u003C/strong>Remote sensing is repeatedly used for environmental damage, agricultural disruption, and infrastructure assessment in inaccessible or conflict-affected areas. Crowdsourced data appears most often in localized crisis response and resilience planning. Platform and mobility data are used to observe behavior at scale, including movement during disasters, traffic patterns, labor market dynamics, and online political engagement.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"c2aa\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm akv xo xp xq akw xs xt gv akx xv xw ot aky xy xz oy akz yb yc yd alh akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Translation and integration matter as much as data collection: \u003C/strong>Some cases focus on how signals are processed and presented through dashboards, hotspot probabilities, passability scores, damage overlays, or standardized reporting formats. These design choices often determine whether non-traditional data can inform real-world decisions.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"df69\" class=\"xj xk rx xl b xm akv xo xp xq akw xs xt gv akx xv xw ot aky xy xz oy akz yb yc yd alh akt aku dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"xl ry\">Most applications remain research- or mission-driven rather than fully institutionalized: \u003C/strong>Universities, public agencies, and non-profit actors dominate the cases, even when privately held or platform-generated data is involved. Questions of access, representativeness, and governance remain present but unresolved across many examples.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ol>\n\u003Cp id=\"3ef7\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph xj xk rx xl b xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt gv xu xv xw ot xx xy xz oy ya yb yc yd kj dd\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Together, these cases show non-traditional data being used repeatedly for a limited set of tasks, particularly where timeliness, spatial granularity, and the ability to fill gaps in official data are most critical.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/recent-uses-of-non-traditional-data-in-the-public-interest",{"title":367,"description":371},"recent-uses-of-non-traditional-data-in-the-public-interest","blogposts/recent-uses-of-non-traditional-data-in-the-public-interest",[380,381,382,383],"Data Reuse","Data For Good","Open Data","Public Policy","SZeloxfZHoF6VdHw5ZWbYOZSvZmyCodP6Nulpo9fbjQ",{"id":386,"title":387,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":388,"body":34,"category":349,"date":389,"description":390,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":387,"image":391,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":392,"meta":393,"navigation":15,"path":394,"registrationLink":34,"seo":395,"slug":396,"startTime":34,"stem":397,"tags":398,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":400},"blogposts/blogposts/new-webinar-2025-2026-looking-back-to-the-future-whats-next-for-data-ai-in-the-coming-year.json","NEW WEBINAR: 2025 2026: Looking Back to the Future. Whats Next for Data AI in the Coming Year?",[],"2025-12-19T20:45:48","On January 8, 2026, The GovLab will host a small group of thinkers across regions and sectors to exchange insights on what will shape the…","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/3d7da030-5cb5-4fa3-bc56-f629a035653d","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"3ccf\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">NEW WEBINAR: 2025 → 2026: Looking Back to the Future. What’s Next for Data & AI in the Coming Year?\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"60cd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In 2025, the use of generative AI continued to grow, both fueling and being fueled by open data. We saw changes to rules and standards around data and AI governance. We saw shifts in public attitude and growing concerns about the data winter.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6bde\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">With coming changes to \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.techpolicy.press/whats-driving-the-eus-ai-act-shakeup/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.techpolicy.press/whats-driving-the-eus-ai-act-shakeup/\">landmark AI laws\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/articles/mapping-the-ai-economy-which-regions-are-ready-for-the-next-technology-leap/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/articles/mapping-the-ai-economy-which-regions-are-ready-for-the-next-technology-leap/\">the economy\u003C/a>, and \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/10/20/technology/ai-data-center-backlash-mexico-ireland.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/10/20/technology/ai-data-center-backlash-mexico-ireland.html\">communities\u003C/a> themselves, 2026 could be a year of even more profound change. Given this, there is an urgent need to take stock of the current situation and the emerging opportunities that data practitioners should be aware of.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"edb2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">On \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">January 8, 2026, \u003C/strong>The GovLab will host a small group of thinkers across regions and sectors to exchange insights on what will shape the coming year. The international, cross-sector discussion will include presentations from:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"e97a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Stefaan Verhulst, Co-Founder and Chief Research and Development Officer, The GovLab (Moderator)\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"e8f5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Jed Sundwall, Executive Director, Radiant Earth\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"2e8f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Guilherme Canela De Souza Godoi, Director for Division for Digital Inclusion and Policies and Digital Transformation (CI/DPT) and Secretary of the Information for All Programme, UNESCO\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"1c96\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Susan Ariel Aaronson, Research Professor of International Affairs and Director, Digital Trade and Data Governance Hub. Elliot School of International Affairs, George Washington University\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"798d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">This event will be a 60-minute webinar, composed of several, brief presentations each surveying a different topic or area of interest. Each presentation will be 15 minutes and be followed by a 5 minute question-and-answer period.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"421a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Register now \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://us02web.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_yVoqgm08SgaAtdSq7K2kTg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://us02web.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_yVoqgm08SgaAtdSq7K2kTg\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/new-webinar-2025-2026-looking-back-to-the-future-whats-next-for-data-ai-in-the-coming-year",{"title":387,"description":390},"new-webinar-2025-2026-looking-back-to-the-future-whats-next-for-data-ai-in-the-coming-year","blogposts/new-webinar-2025-2026-looking-back-to-the-future-whats-next-for-data-ai-in-the-coming-year",[399,132],"Event","r-yHkAgFbmbsl9bjqwlzZaOxwzBT7NNrvnjblPckzSw",{"id":402,"title":403,"author":404,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":405,"body":34,"category":44,"date":406,"description":407,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":403,"image":408,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":409,"meta":410,"navigation":15,"path":411,"registrationLink":34,"seo":412,"slug":413,"startTime":34,"stem":414,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":415},"blogposts/blogposts/a-year-in-review-building-strategic-data-stewardship-capabilities-across-the-globe.json","A Year in Review: Building Strategic Data Stewardship Capabilities Across the Globe","Paulina Behluli, The Data Tank",[],"2025-12-19T00:00:00","The Data Tank, in collaboration with The Governance Lab, continued to work towards a critical and often missing strategic role: navigating responsible data governance and access as foundational human infrastructure for AI development.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/2e6455b5-2a53-4d0f-a32f-a6867d7f5d5c","\u003Ch1 id=\"a-year-in-review-building-strategic-data-stewardship-capabilities-across-the-globe\">A Year in Review: Building Strategic Data Stewardship Capabilities Across the Globe\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp>Data Stewardship Intensive Course in Berlin, 2025 C: Sebastian Pfütze\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>2025 marked another year of rapid acceleration in the data and AI landscape. Despite significant investment in AI and data infrastructure for the common good, data access gatekeeping and monetization efforts intensified. While initiatives supporting AI for the common good, such as the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.currentai.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Current AI\u003C/a> initiative launched at the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.elysee.fr/en/sommet-pour-l-action-sur-l-ia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">AI Action Summit\u003C/a> in Paris continued to emerge, the exponential growth of data and AI reshaped geopolitical relations and raised concerns about the diminishing influence of civil society.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In response to these developments, Europe advanced its regulatory agenda through initiatives such as the \u003Ca href=\"https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/data-union\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">European Data Union Strategy\u003C/a> and the \u003Ca href=\"https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/ai-continent-action-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">AI Continent Action Plan\u003C/a>. 2025 also marked the year the EU Data Act became fully applicable, establishing new rules for fair data access, portability, and use across sectors.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Against this backdrop, The Data Tank, in collaboration with The Governance Lab, continued to work towards a critical and often missing strategic role: navigating responsible data governance and access as foundational human infrastructure for AI development. We worked closely with civil society, private sector, and public sector organizations across Europe and beyond to ensure that access to data for responsible AI development remains a priority.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Building the Data Stewardship Foundational Skills\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>End of Data Stewardship Bootcamp in Turin\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>We started 2025 by ending a course that we successfully held in Turin, Italy. In January 2025, we held our virtual pitch sessions with bootcamp participants who presented their organizational data reuse strategies aimed at accelerating the common good. These pitch sessions were a final opportunity as such for the participants to meet with each other and bounce off ideas between them.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>Data Stewardship Course in Switzerland\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The Data Tank then joined forces with the Governance Data Lab, Swiss Data Alliance, \u003Ca href=\"http://opendata.ch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Opendata.ch\u003C/a> with support from Hasler Stiftung and hosted the first Data Stewards Intensive Course in Switzerland. The course was organized as a one-week intensive and took place in between two cities, Zürich and Bern. It brought together 21 participants across federal, cantonal, private sector, and civil society exploring relevant topics on data stewardship, decision intelligence, data spaces and collaboratives, and many more. Our updated data stewards canvas was the main toolkit that guided the course. The course was expert led (welcoming 14 incredible guest lecturers) and included 4 field visits to interesting institutions, including a public transport operator company owned by and located in the city of Zürich (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.stadt-zuerich.ch/vbz/de.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">VBZ\u003C/a>), a prestigious local newspaper (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.nzz.ch/neueste-artikel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NZZ\u003C/a>), Federal Chancellery in Switzerland (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.bk.admin.ch/bk/de/home.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bundeskanzlei\u003C/a>). We wrapped our five days with a special visit to the Hackdays in Bern event and a visit at the Bundesrat.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>Data Stewardship Course in Maryland\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Our partners at \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Governance Lab\u003C/a> then embarked on a journey to Annapolis, Maryland where they trained chief data officers across the state’s government in collaboration with the Maryland Department of Information Technology. This bootcamp aimed at strengthening responsible data use and re-use across Maryland. Participants used the course to develop a data reuse strategy for their department or agency.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>Data Stewardship Course in Berlin | Second Edition\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>As part of our skills and training efforts, we ended the year with a very special bootcamp that took place in Berlin organized in collaboration with Bertelsmann Stiftung. This course was the second edition of this partnership and gathered 19 participants across civil society and social sector organizations in Germany and beyond. The bootcamp was organized as part of the \u003Ca href=\"https://datenatlas-zivilgesellschaft.de/de/start\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Data Atlas for Civil Society\u003C/a> initiative pioneered by our partners at the Bertelsmann Stiftung. It was made special by the community of alumni and partners that we have built, where a lot of participants from our first edition recommended the course to their colleagues who joined us. The course was organized as a one-month hybrid course taking place in-person and online. With 6 distinguished guest speakers (industry experts), the course tackled the use and re-use of data for the common good within the civil society landscape. For this course we paid a visit to \u003Ca href=\"https://www.vodafone-institut.de/en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Vodafone Institute for Society and Communications\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://citylab-berlin.org/de/start/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">City Lab Berlin\u003C/a>, and \u003Ca href=\"https://tacticaltech.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tactical Tech\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*GClTV6ILunsivWetI-P6kw.jpeg\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Data Stewardship Intensive Course in Berlin, 2025 C: Sebastian Pfütze\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Strengthening the Data Stewardship Community\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>As we expanded our data stewardship skills development program, we further strengthened our existing network of more than 180 global data stewards. We held four virtual “Trends to Watch” sessions that provided a space for our alumni to meet and go over emerging data stewardship trends of 2025 delivered by our Co-founder Stefaan Verhulst. These sessions were organized exclusively for our alumni network and then made public for the wider audience. Working with a global community of data stewards is always exciting, as we hear views on data and AI that sometimes overlap, but at other times are quite different, depending on the part of the world they represent. What remains constant is the view that strategic and responsible data stewardship is needed for the landscape to continue to develop. Beyond the events, we also shared opportunities (funding and job opportunities) on a weekly basis to our alumni group.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Looking Ahead\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>As we enter a new year we already have a pipeline of bootcamps lined up, data stewardship community meetup and new programs that we will be launching. All of this will be shared via our brand new website dedicated to our data stewardship work solely. Our data stewardship journey has just begun, so stay tuned for future developments.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/a-year-in-review-building-strategic-data-stewardship-capabilities-across-the-globe",{"title":403,"description":407},"a-year-in-review-building-strategic-data-stewardship-capabilities-across-the-globe","blogposts/a-year-in-review-building-strategic-data-stewardship-capabilities-across-the-globe","72cX24_2I_5kcNfywGnJtvQVFs6TlElBIcDzi6wMMPI",{"id":417,"title":418,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":419,"body":34,"category":34,"date":420,"description":421,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":418,"image":422,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":423,"meta":424,"navigation":15,"path":425,"registrationLink":34,"seo":426,"slug":427,"startTime":34,"stem":428,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":429},"blogposts/blogposts/reimagining-data-governance-in-the-age-of-ai-our-2025-year-in-review.json","Reimagining Data Governance in the Age of AI: Our 2025 Year in Review",[],"2025-12-15T16:29:40","In this blog, we summarize some of the work that took place over the course of 2025 at The GovLab.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/dff85f67-3ec2-469c-9332-6eec372a6283","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"1cec\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Reimagining Data Governance in the Age of AI: Our 2025 Year in Review\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"8901\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">By Andrew J. Zahuranec, Roshni Singh, Hannah Chafetz, Adam Zable and Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"4b80\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*xqza5veAMq-nf7sd\" data-image-id=\"0*xqza5veAMq-nf7sd\" data-width=\"2063\" data-height=\"1377\" data-is-featured=\"true\">\n\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Photo by \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/person-holding-fire-cracker-shallow-focus-photography-PAykYb-8Er8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/person-holding-fire-cracker-shallow-focus-photography-PAykYb-8Er8\">Ian Schneider/Unsplash\u003C/a> licensed under CC0.\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"4fb8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In 2025, the use of generative AI continued to accelerate, even as open data initiatives, and data access policies began to slow; signaling what we have started to describe as an emerging \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5660451\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5660451\">data winter.\u003C/a> This growing imbalance underscored a central challenge of the AI era: while demand for data is expanding rapidly, the governance models that once enabled access, trust, and reuse are no longer keeping pace.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"88cb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Against this backdrop, The GovLab’s Data Program focused on re-imagining data governance for an AI-driven world — one that moves beyond narrow notions of openness toward data access that is systematic, sustainable, and responsible by design. Throughout the year, we worked across a wide range of domains — from humanitarian response and health and wellbeing to local decision-making — testing how new governance approaches can enable data reuse while preserving legitimacy, accountability, and public value.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c6f2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">2025 was therefore both a busy and a reflective year. Alongside major initiatives exploring the opportunities and risks of generative AI, we also critically examined long-standing assumptions about data sharing, openness, and access. In doing so, our work increasingly centered on the institutional, social, and governance conditions — such as stewardship, purpose-driven access, and social license — that will be required to ensure data ecosystems remain viable and trustworthy in the age of AI.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"374a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In this blog, we summarize some of that work. We discuss our work with a host of partners ranging from \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://microsoft.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://microsoft.com/\">Microsoft\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://unicef.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://unicef.org/\">UNICEF\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.unesco.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.unesco.org/\">UNESCO\u003C/a> and \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://unhcr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://unhcr.org/\">UNHCR,\u003C/a> the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://wellcome.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://wellcome.org/\">Wellcome Trust\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.siegelendowment.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.siegelendowment.org/\">Siegel Family Endowment\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://hluce.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://hluce.org/\">Henry Luce Foundation\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.kluzventures.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.kluzventures.com/\">Kluz Ventures\u003C/a>, the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://hls.harvard.edu/library/about-the-library/library-staff/institutional-data-initiative/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://hls.harvard.edu/library/about-the-library/library-staff/institutional-data-initiative/\">Institutional Data Initiative at Harvard University’s Law Library\u003C/a>, the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://afd.fr/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://afd.fr/\">French Development Agency\u003C/a>, and many others. We highlight \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">four major areas of practice \u003C/strong>that guided much of our efforts and describe some projects indicative of that work.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"9a9e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In this way, we hope to both take stock of our achievements and describe the foundation we hope to build on for the forthcoming year. We hope this collection is as useful to you as it is to us and that it can help ring out 2025.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"c66a\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Improving Access to Non-Traditional Data for the Public Good\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"4929\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Throughout the year, The GovLab continued its research on non-traditional data sources — digitally captured, mediated, or observed data such as mobile phone records, online transactions, or satellite imagery — and the ways it is reshaping how we identify, understand, and respond to public interest challenges. This work builds on the research we conducted as part of the Third Wave of Open Data where we argued that privately held datasets, responsibly reused and harnessed through cross-sector collaboration, could generate public value at scale.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f663\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A cornerstone of our work this year was our collaboration with the Wellcome Trust’s Discovery Research Programme — \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://wellcome.org/insights/reports/social-data-for-health\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://wellcome.org/insights/reports/social-data-for-health\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Social Data for Health: Advancing Health and Wellbeing Research Across Disciplines\u003C/em>\u003C/a>. Written by Hannah Chafetz, Adam Zable, Sara Marcucci, Christopher Rosselot, and Stefaan Verhulst, it offers an in-depth study exploring how non-traditional data is being used in health and wellbeing research around the world — with a focus on the United Kingdom and low- and middle-income countries — and detailed reference guide. Drawing on over 290 studies, 5 interactive studios, numerous interviews, and insights from 23 expert reviewers, we found that social data is being used to:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"9781\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Enhance early detection of health risks and outcomes\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"bb28\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Reveal behavioral and environmental determinants of wellbeing\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"df65\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Illuminate structural inequities and systemic health drivers\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"a894\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Power cross-disciplinary research at the intersection of technology, ethics, and society\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"4026\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">We supplemented this report with a variety of blogs, articles, and other pieces of analysis. “\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/new-blog-post-monitoring-the-re-use-and-impact-of-non-traditional-data/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/new-blog-post-monitoring-the-re-use-and-impact-of-non-traditional-data/\">Monitoring the Re-Use and Impact of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/a>” and “\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/new-blog-post-unlocking-public-value-with-non-traditional-data-recent-use-cases-and-emerging-trends/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/new-blog-post-unlocking-public-value-with-non-traditional-data-recent-use-cases-and-emerging-trends/\">Unlocking Public Value with Non-Traditional Data: Recent Use Cases and Emerging Trends\u003C/a>, published on the Open Data Policy Lab, both highlighted innovative examples of how organizations around the world used non-traditional data sources. They noted that while many examples tend to center on research (particularly health research), NTD can fill gaps in official data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0427\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Additionally, with the support of The Second \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Lancet\u003C/em> Commission on Adolescent Health and Wellbeing and UNICEF, we conducted the Youth Solutions Labs. The Youth Solutions Labs were a series of remote co-design workshops with over 120 young people from around the world. Among other topics, we sought to understand how young people feel about the re-use of data — including non-traditional data — as it relates to critical issues impacting their health and wellbeing. Our report, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5262682\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5262682\">Designing Shared Data Futures: Engaging Young People on How to Re-use Data Responsibly for Health and Well-being\u003C/a>, provides several insights from these discussions and the types of non-traditional data that may be harnessed.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3e70\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Separately, Stefaan Verhulst contributed to an editorial in the open source journal \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data & Policy \u003C/em>on “\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy/article/anticipating-human-mobility-methods-data-and-policy-in-forecasting-and-foresight/DE780E46CEB5BA24B3C842451A668E0D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy/article/anticipating-human-mobility-methods-data-and-policy-in-forecasting-and-foresight/DE780E46CEB5BA24B3C842451A668E0D\">Anticipating human mobility: Methods, data, and policy in forecasting and foresight\u003C/a>”. The article describes the methodological frontier of forecasting and foresight and the ways that mobility datasets can contribute to that. It looks at the ethical and governance challenges of new data sources, the need for methodological pluralism, and the importance of ethical frameworks.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"5bf7\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Advancing Data Commons Infrastructure for Responsible AI\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"0c1d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">In 2023 and 2024, the topic of generative AI rose to the forefront of the public consciousness. Conversations emerged about the opportunities and risks they presented, the rules that might govern their development and application, and what was required for responsible, effective use. The GovLab led the way in some of this work, arguing in \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.genai.opendatapolicylab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.genai.opendatapolicylab.org/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">A Fourth Wave of Open Data? Exploring the Spectrum of Scenarios for Open Data and Generative AI\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>that generative AI offered significant potential for the open data movement, particularly when combined with data commons — collaboratively governed ecosystems that pool diverse datasets with shared standards, enabling responsible access for public benefit.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"eb79\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In 2025, we built on that foundation. We not only continued our knowledge leadership — developing repositories on \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1GPzU4Pspi-XOmJU13LvOUUPxtfTuRXcZMBw7lxkQRyY/edit?gid=0#gid=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1GPzU4Pspi-XOmJU13LvOUUPxtfTuRXcZMBw7lxkQRyY/edit?gid=0#gid=0\">data commons\u003C/a> and \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://repository.opendatapolicylab.org/genai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://repository.opendatapolicylab.org/genai\">generative AI applications\u003C/a>, publishing a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/ai-blueprint-blog/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/ai-blueprint-blog/\">blueprint\u003C/a> demonstrating to data stewards how they could create data commons for public-interest AI uses — but we also put our theory into practice with the New Commons Challenge.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b662\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Launched in March, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://newcommons.ai/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://newcommons.ai/\">The New Commons Challenge\u003C/a> was an innovation challenge that offered two $100,000 grants to global changemakers who could provide compelling examples of how data commons might serve the public interest and unlock AI’s potential to solve complex challenges. The challenge received hundreds of applicants, which our team and an international panel of experts reviewed. In October, we selected two winners — the Amazon Rainforest Evolution Index and Malawi Voice Data Commons — and held a ceremony in New York.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"cf61\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In this way, we hope to show that fostering a responsible data ecosystem requires \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">action. \u003C/em>We will spend the next year guiding our winners and reporting back on their progress. We will also continue looking at ways we can incubate additional proposals to success. We aim to have more details on this work in the new year.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"7721\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Advancing Digital Self Determination\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"acc4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">A major gap in much of the current work on data and AI is not only trust, but rethinking agency and self-determination. While technology advocates often emphasize the benefits of data-driven tools, many individuals and communities lack meaningful ways to understand, shape, or contest how these systems affect their lives. As a result, the issue is not simply skepticism, but a structural absence of voice, choice, and agency.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3824\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">When data and AI systems are deployed without mechanisms that enable people to express preferences, set boundaries, or influence governance, data use is experienced as extractive rather than empowering. Openness, rather than being a public good, can come to feel \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/the-weaponisation-of-openness-toward-a-new-social-contract-for-data-in-the-ai-era-fb9f49ef6109\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/the-weaponisation-of-openness-toward-a-new-social-contract-for-data-in-the-ai-era-fb9f49ef6109\">weaponized \u003C/a>— serving institutional or commercial interests while bypassing those from whom data originate or whom AI systems most impact. This erodes public support not because people are anti-innovation, but because innovation is perceived as happening \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">to\u003C/em> them, not \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">with\u003C/em> them.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"9984\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Framed this way, data sovereignty alone is insufficient. While it focuses on who controls data at an institutional or jurisdictional level, it often leaves unanswered questions about how individuals and communities exercise agency within those structures. Digital self-determination complements sovereignty by emphasizing the capacity of people and groups to meaningfully participate in decisions about data reuse, AI deployment, and value distribution — across the entire data lifecycle.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"fea8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Without embedding agency into governance — through participatory processes, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://ssir.org/articles/entry/the_urgent_need_to_reimagine_data_consent\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://ssir.org/articles/entry/the_urgent_need_to_reimagine_data_consent\">social license\u003C/a> mechanisms, and accountable intermediaries — efforts to scale AI will continue to face legitimacy deficits. Reimagining data governance in the age of AI therefore requires shifting from a model of permission and compliance toward one of collective agency, negotiated use, and ongoing legitimacy.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c8f5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In 2025, we looked at various ways to advance and operationalize digital self determination. With the French Development Agency, we wrote \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/reimagining-data-governance-operationalizing-dsd-through-social-licensing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/reimagining-data-governance-operationalizing-dsd-through-social-licensing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Reimagining Data Governance: Operationalizing DSD through Social Licensing\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">. \u003C/em>It analyzes limitations of traditional consent frameworks and outlines a structured approach — establishing community preferences, documenting conditions for reuse, and identifying enforcement pathways — to support more participatory and trusted data governance. The report also identifies key steps needed to scale social licensing, including real-world pilots, capacity building, improved oversight mechanisms, and stronger institutional support.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3e6d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We also began work with several partners in Switzerland focused on digital self-determination and social license. A component of this was our participation in the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://forum.swissdataalliance.ch/2025\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://forum.swissdataalliance.ch/2025\">Swiss Data Space Forum\u003C/a> in Rotkreuz. Through a session on “\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Digital Self-Determination: Unlocking Data with Agency\u003C/em>”, we introduced core questions about how DSD principles can move from high-level concepts to actionable design and governance features, especially in contexts where concerns about data extraction, AI-driven demand for data, and limits of consent frameworks are increasing. Through two workshops convened with partners, discussions focused on how individuals and communities can articulate, document, and enforce their data-use preferences, and how these expectations can be embedded into governance models, data-sharing agreements, and accountability mechanisms.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"e4d2\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Developing a New Science of Questions\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"84ff\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">A major gap in much of the current work on data and AI is not only one of trust or public support, but of misaligned demand. Data access, openness, and AI development continue to be largely supply-driven — shaped by what data are available, what technologies are possible, or what institutions are willing to share — rather than by clearly articulated societal priorities and public needs.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8cf4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Making data access more meaningful, legitimate, and effective therefore requires renewed attention to the \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">science and practice of asking questions\u003C/strong>. Without well-defined questions — grounded in lived experience, policy priorities, and public interest goals — data reuse risks becoming extractive, performative, or disconnected from real-world problems. When questions are poorly specified or absent, openness can feel abstract, and AI systems appear to optimize for technical feasibility rather than social value.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"cc74\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">With support of the Henry Luce Foundation, we convened the International Committee on Questions which led to a new concept of the Q-Lab — a new venture to develop a knowledge center devoted to developing well-defined questions. We developed several knowledge products as part of this work.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"bf0f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5229339\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5229339\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Inquiry as Infrastructure\u003C/em>\u003C/a> is a paper that explores what constitutes a good question — one that is not only technically feasible but also ethically grounded, socially legitimate, and aligned with real-world needs. \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5181735\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5181735\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Beyond Answers Presented by AI\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, \u003C/em>meanwhile, looks at the limitations of AI systems, the roles questions can play within societies, and proposes the concept of The QLab. Stefaan Verhulst further expanded on these arguments with his blog “\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/generative-ai-and-the-new-tabula-rasa-why-question-literacy-matters-0d78a8b7576e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/generative-ai-and-the-new-tabula-rasa-why-question-literacy-matters-0d78a8b7576e\">Generative AI and the New Tabula Rasa\u003C/a>”, an examination of the “paradox of AI” and how it can become not merely a collaborator but a crutch.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"4791\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We also worked with the Siegel Family Endowment to expand our DATA4Philanthropy initiative with new resources on the role of questions in philanthropic grant making processes. We published \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.data4philanthropy.net/updates/reimagining-a-learning-approach-for-philanthropy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.data4philanthropy.net/updates/reimagining-a-learning-approach-for-philanthropy\">new blogs\u003C/a> on questions-driven methods and \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/8d508fb0-5d4c-49a1-ad6f-d1e5e7e4543a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/8d508fb0-5d4c-49a1-ad6f-d1e5e7e4543a\">a case study\u003C/a> detailing lessons learned from Siegel’s methodology.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"50d0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Beyond this work, The GovLab built on its 100 Questions Initiative — an effort to map the world’s 100 most pressing, high-impact questions that could be answered if relevant datasets were leveraged in a responsible manner. In 2025, the initiative expanded its reach with the launch of a new domain on \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://womenshealth.the100questions.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://womenshealth.the100questions.org/\">Women’s Health Innovation\u003C/a>, developed in partnership with the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.ceps.eu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.ceps.eu/\">Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS)\u003C/a> under the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.ceps.eu/ceps-projects/eu-ri-and-health-policy-to-tackle-global-challenges/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.ceps.eu/ceps-projects/eu-ri-and-health-policy-to-tackle-global-challenges/\">Gates-funded R&I project\u003C/a>. To surface the most pressing, data-actionable questions in this field, we created a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://helix.ceps.eu/network\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://helix.ceps.eu/network\">topic map\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://cdn.ceps.eu/2025/10/Womens-Health-Innovation_-Topic-Map-Narrative-formatted.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://cdn.ceps.eu/2025/10/Womens-Health-Innovation_-Topic-Map-Narrative-formatted.pdf\">narrative\u003C/a>, and convened a global cohort of 77 “bilinguals” — practitioners, researchers, policymakers, clinicians, innovators, and community leaders working at the intersection of women’s health and data — from more than 30 countries.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2861\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This topic map was then refined through an iterative process of consulting with data bilinguals and public voting, leading to 10 urgent questions on women’s health. These \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/crowdsourcing-the-future-of-womens-health-innovation-introducing-the-top-10-questions-and-priorities\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/crowdsourcing-the-future-of-womens-health-innovation-introducing-the-top-10-questions-and-priorities\">10 questions\u003C/a> offer a clear, demand-driven agenda for the future of women’s health innovation. We aim to expand on this work in the new year and see how this agenda can be meaningfully acted upon.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"c495\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Cultivating a Community of Data Stewards\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"a14e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Finally, The GovLab continued its years-long effort to foster an international, multidisciplinary cohort of data stewards, responsible data leaders empowered to exchange data for the public benefit.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d696\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In May, we worked with The Data Tank, Swiss Data Alliance, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://opendata.ch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://opendata.ch\">Opendata.ch\u003C/a>, and Hasler Stifung to host the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://stewards.swissdataalliance.ch/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://stewards.swissdataalliance.ch/\">Data Stewards Intensive Course\u003C/a> in Switzerland, an exercise that brought together 21 participants from federal agencies, cantonal authorities, the private sector, and civil society for a five-day immersion into responsible data reuse and data stewardship. The program combined expert-led sessions, field visits, and hands-on exercises focused on developing the human and institutional capacities needed to advance data collaboratives and data spaces.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a94c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In July, The GovLab worked with the Maryland Department of Information Technology to lead a multi-day Data Stewardship Bootcamp for Maryland’s Chief Data Officers, aimed at strengthening responsible data use and re-use across the state government. The event brought in guest speakers from across the region and challenged chief data officers through simulations, exercises, and more.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"40d8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A final major highlight of the year was our \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/reimagining-data-access-readiness-and-governance-in-the-age-of-ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/reimagining-data-access-readiness-and-governance-in-the-age-of-ai\">Fourth Annual State of Open Data Policy Summit\u003C/a>, which brought together global policymakers, researchers, and practitioners to examine how generative AI is reshaping the open data landscape. In his opening remarks, Stefaan Verhulst outlined the emergence of a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/new-report-a-fourth-wave-of-open-data-exploring-the-spectrum-of-scenarios-for-open-data-and-generative-ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/new-report-a-fourth-wave-of-open-data-exploring-the-spectrum-of-scenarios-for-open-data-and-generative-ai\">“Fourth Wave of Open Data,”\u003C/a> emphasizing the dual reality of AI’s potential to democratize access alongside growing risks of a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/are-we-entering-a-data-winter-f654eb8e8663\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/are-we-entering-a-data-winter-f654eb8e8663\">“data winter”\u003C/a> as governments and platforms restrict key datasets.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"61b4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">***\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"91b3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The work above only represents a fraction of our total output. Throughout the year, we participated in countless events, produced dozens of blogs, engaged in interviews and podcasts, and relaunched various websites (a full listing of which can be found \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/17UajuihYsMavdGwsL8hX7E6XvvRvBhw1Z10o-gD_6Gg/edit?tab=t.0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/17UajuihYsMavdGwsL8hX7E6XvvRvBhw1Z10o-gD_6Gg/edit?tab=t.0\">here\u003C/a>). Still, the above represents a useful cross-section of our contributions to the field and a collection of the impactful work we hope to build on for the following year — particularly the role that data commons can play in securing community agency and control and reinforcing responsible models for generative AI development.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ea49\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">We at The GovLab wish you a happy holiday season and look forward to engaging you all in the New Year. If you’d like to work with us on the work listed or any other projects, please don’t hesitate to reach out at \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\">datastewards@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/reimagining-data-governance-in-the-age-of-ai-our-2025-year-in-review",{"title":418,"description":421},"reimagining-data-governance-in-the-age-of-ai-our-2025-year-in-review","blogposts/reimagining-data-governance-in-the-age-of-ai-our-2025-year-in-review","-zCz0m6rUelq7-f1LcCilYZxkr4R9oWnJudqCOSEZHM",{"id":431,"title":432,"author":42,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":433,"body":34,"category":44,"date":434,"description":435,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":432,"image":436,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":437,"meta":438,"navigation":15,"path":439,"registrationLink":34,"seo":440,"slug":441,"startTime":34,"stem":442,"tags":443,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":444},"blogposts/blogposts/data-stewards-trends-to-watch-december-2025-session.json","Data Stewards Trends to Watch | December 2025 Session",[],"2025-12-11T12:00:00","To wrap up the year, our co-founder, Stefaan Verhulst, hosted the final edition for the year of our “Data Stewardship Trends to Watch” series for our growing alumni community, now 180+ strong and spanning the globe.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/ec346bbd-a8dd-40b0-924c-720edd21e8c0","\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Data Stewards Trends to Watch | December 2025 Session\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">2025 has been a busy, transformative year for data stewardship. We’ve seen new trends emerge, familiar themes evolve, and long-standing priorities gain fresh momentum. Across the globe, one message has come through loud and clear: the world needs more common-good–driven initiatives that place people and the planet at the heart.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">To wrap up the year, our co-founder, Stefaan Verhulst, hosted the final edition for the year of our “Data Stewardship Trends to Watch” series for our growing alumni community, now 180+ strong and spanning the globe.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">On December 3rd, Stefaan distilled the year’s most notable developments into the 10 S’s of 2025, spotlighting new research, field insights, and global discoveries across the following ten categories:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>S\u003C/strong>implification Narrative; \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>S\u003C/strong>mart Data;\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>S\u003C/strong>craping Concerns; \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>S\u003C/strong>hifting Science; \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>S\u003C/strong>overeign vs Self-Determination; \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>S\u003C/strong>carcity Narratives; \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>S\u003C/strong>ustainability; \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>S\u003C/strong>ocial Responsiveness; \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>S\u003C/strong>ynthetic Worlds; \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>S\u003C/strong>afety and Security. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Check out a recording of the full conversation \u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y8U0O0V-l1M&feature=youtu.be\">here\u003C/a>. The following resources were discussed during the session:\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Simplification Narrative\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>Digital Omnibus, Data Union Strategy, EU Business Wallets, The rise of simple, modular data governance templates (Data Safeguards, DPI Safeguards, AI transparency templates) \u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_25_2718\">Simpler EU digital rules and new digital wallets to save billions for businesses and boost innovation\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://commission.europa.eu/news-and-media/news/simpler-digital-rules-help-eu-businesses-grow-2025-11-19_en\">Simpler digital rules to help EU businesses grow\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.undp.org/digital/blog/building-fairer-digital-future-starts-trusted-data-governance-assessment-framework-digital-public-infrastructure\">Building a fairer digital future starts with trusted data: A governance assessment framework for digital public infrastructure\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/news/commission-presents-template-general-purpose-ai-model-providers-summarise-data-used-train-their\">Commission presents template for General-Purpose AI model providers to summarise the data used to train their model\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Smart Data\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>UK Legislation, Smart Data Research, Social Data for Health \u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2025/18/contents\">Data (Use and Access) Act 2025\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.sdruk.ukri.org/\">Smart Data Research \u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://wellcome.org/insights/reports/social-data-for-health\">Social Data for Health: Advancing health and wellbeing research across disciplines\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Scraping Concerns \u003C/h2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2025/11/10/wikipedia-urges-ai-companies-to-use-its-paid-api-and-stop-scraping/\">Wikipedia urges AI companies to use its paid API, and stop scraping \u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/2025/11/common-crawl-ai-training-data/684567/\">The Company Quietly Funneling Paywalled Articles to AI Developers\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/news/757538/reddit-internet-archive-wayback-machine-block-limit\">Reddit will block the Internet Archive\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.cjr.org/analysis/cloudflare-blocks-ai-bots-from-scraping-web-content-without-permission.php\">Cloudflare Blocks AI Bots from Scraping Web Content Without Permission\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/ai-and-the-commons/cc-signals/\">CC Signals: A New Social Contract for the Age of AI\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://responsibledatacollection.org/\">Responsible Data Collection Alliance\u003C/a> \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Shifting Science\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2025/10/oecd-science-technology-and-innovation-outlook-2025_bae3698d/5fe57b90-en.pdf\">OECD Science, Technology and Innovation Outlook 2025 Driving Change in a Shifting Landscape\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.aec7650?af=R\">After science\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/articles/2025/11/president-trump-launches-the-genesis-mission-to-accelerate-ai-for-scientific-discovery/\">President Trump Launches the Genesis Mission to Accelerate AI for Scientific Discovery\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Sovereign vs Self-Determination\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>National DPIs (India, Ukraine, Africa AI Council) and sovereign AI infrastructure, AI-sovereign clouds, sovereign LLMs, and domestic compute strategies, and Eurostack\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.economist.com/the-world-ahead/2023/11/13/india-has-big-plans-to-export-its-e-government-technology\">India has big plans to export its e-government technology\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://techglobalinstitute.com/research/regional-power-policy-shaping-and-digital-futures-norm-externalization-through-the-delhi-and-beijing-effects/\">Regional Power, Policy Shaping and Digital Futures: Norm Externalization through the Delhi and Beijing Effects\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://smartafrica.org/the-smart-africas-board-unveils-the-inaugural-africa-ai-council-to-lead-the-continents-ai-transformation/\">The Smart Africa’s Board Unveils the inaugural Africa AI Council to Lead the Continent’s AI Transformation\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://dpimap.org/ukraine/\">The Digital Public Infrastructure Map: Ukraine\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://cloud.google.com/sovereign-cloud\">Google Sovereign Cloud\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://commission.europa.eu/document/download/09579818-64a6-4dd5-9577-446ab6219113_en\">EU Cloud Sovereignty Framework\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.techpolicy.press/at-the-sovereignty-summit-europe-put-startups-on-stage-and-kept-big-tech-in-control/\">At the Sovereignty Summit, Europe Put Start-Ups on Stage and Kept Big Tech in Control\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.t-systems.com/de/en/insights/newsroom/management-unplugged/soofi-as-europes-answer-to-chatgpt-1128622\">SOOFI: Europe’s answer to ChatGPT\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.euro-stack.info/\">Eurostack Report\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.bertelsmann-stiftung.de/en/topics/latest-news/2025/european-network-for-technological-resilience-and-sovereignty-etrs-to-strengthen-europes-digital-future\">European Network for Technological Resilience and Sovereignty (ETRS) to strengthen Europe’s Digital Future\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Scarcity Narratives\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>Data Winter\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://openmined.org/blog/ai-hasnt-run-out-of-data/\">No, AI hasn’t run out of data\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5660451\">The Emergence of a Data Winter: The Growing Enclosure of Data at a Time of Rapid AI Advances\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/why-we-need-a-carnegie-moment-for-the-age-of-ai/\">Why We Need a Carnegie Moment for the Age of AI\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Sustainability\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>Environmental Sustainability: Carbon Cost of AI Training and Data Centers, Financial sustainability of open-source, public media, and civic data ecosystems. \u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.techpolicy.press/germanys-data-center-boom-is-pushing-the-power-grid-to-its-limits/\">Germany’s Data Center Boom is Pushing the Power Grid to Its Limits\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-025-01681-y\">Environmental impact and net-zero pathways for sustainable artificial intelligence servers in the USA\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/63bd953ecb882b8e559c1614/68b6b7202414a486366321b4_External%20Report.pdf\">Governance and Business Models for Sustainable Health Data Collaboratives\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.unicefventurefund.org/story/open-source-surprising-engine-profit-and-sustainability\">Open Source: The Surprising Engine of Profit and Sustainability\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Social Responsiveness\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>From Open Data to Data Commons for AI\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/data-commons-for-ai-blueprint.pdf\">A Blueprint to Unlock New Data Commons for AI\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/news/new-commons-challenge-proves-power-data-collectives\">The New Commons Challenge proves the power of data collectives\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Synthetic Worlds\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>Explosion of synthetic datasets for health, mobility, labor, and training, Rise of simulated worlds (e.g., DeepMind’s Genie 3, Weather Lab AI), and Debate over synthetic data governance and its lifelong risk footprint. \u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/collections/baaddegjbc?gad_source=1&gad_campaignid=21300235888&gbraid=0AAAAApIOIXYY-LaZTvkCuvINOFcTGKRHV&gclid=CjwKCAiA3L_JBhAlEiwAlcWO50vunsdIqc4MXJy6_oK_6dHLllff_vsdnN3xQh_2wbQwwngzmJ0XIBoCLxQQAvD_BwE\">Synthetic Health Data\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.societybyte.swiss/en/2025/05/02/synthetic-mobility-data-the-future-of-smart-urban-planning/\">Synthetic Mobility Data: The Future of Smart Urban Planning\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://deepmind.google/blog/genie-3-a-new-frontier-for-world-models/\">Genie 3: A new frontier for world models\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://deepmind.google/science/weathernext/\">Weather Next 2 by Google Deepmind\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.thelancet.com/journals/landig/article/PIIS2589-7500%2825%2900011-1/fulltext\">Governing synthetic data in medical research: the time is now\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2503.17414\">Opportunities and challenges of frontier data governance with synthetic data\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Safety and Security \u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>Security and Vulnerabilities\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c629pny4gl7o\">Cloudflare apologises for outage which took down X and ChatGPT\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://edition.cnn.com/2025/10/21/tech/aws-outage-internet-vulnerable\">Amazon’s global outage exposes major vulnerabilities to American life\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong> \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Interested to learn more about data stewardship trends? Sign up for the Data Stewards Network mailing \u003Ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/go1HQH\">at this link\u003C/a>. Or contact datastewards@thegovlab.org to learn more.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/data-stewards-trends-to-watch-december-2025-session",{"title":432,"description":435},"data-stewards-trends-to-watch-december-2025-session","blogposts/data-stewards-trends-to-watch-december-2025-session",[232,113],"TdYq6opfzIJUnxpn5_3lhqzEkXsRXO-eXEyJ5wF8W9I",{"id":446,"title":447,"author":97,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":448,"body":34,"category":99,"date":449,"description":450,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":447,"image":451,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":452,"meta":453,"navigation":15,"path":454,"registrationLink":34,"seo":455,"slug":456,"startTime":34,"stem":457,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":458},"blogposts/blogposts/is-this-the-end-of-business-to-government-b2g-sharing.json","Is this the end of Business-to-Government (B2G) sharing?",[],"2025-12-10T00:00:00","The European Union’s pursuit to create a single data market has always been a balancing act between fostering public interest goals and safeguarding private enterprise.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/cdc8a0ab-aced-4007-bfe3-08a832d6f63c","\u003Ch1 id=\"is-this-the-end-of-business-to-government-b2g-sharing\">Is this the end of Business-to-Government (B2G) sharing?\u003C/h1>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"is-this-the-end-of-business-to-government-b2g-sharing-how-the-european-commission’s-digital-omnibus-confines-b2g-data-sharing-to-a-‘last-resort’-option\">\u003Cstrong>How the European Commission’s Digital Omnibus Confines B2G Data Sharing to a ‘Last Resort’ Option\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>‘Classification Cupboard’ by Anton Grabolle /\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://betterimagesofai.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003Cstrong>https://betterimagesofai.org\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong>/\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003Cstrong>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The European Union’s pursuit to create a single data market has always been a balancing act between fostering public interest goals and safeguarding private enterprise. \u003Ca href=\"https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/2854/oj/eng\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Data Act (Regulation (EU) 2023/2854\u003C/a>), which became applicable on September 12 2025, codified this tension, particularly in its Business-to-Government (B2G) provisions under Chapter V.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Initially, these provisions required data holders to share data with public sector bodies in cases of “exceptional need”, which was divided into two tracks: urgent Public Emergencies and non-emergency Public Interest Tasks.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>However, the European Commission’s \u003Ca href=\"https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/digital-omnibus-regulation-proposal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Digital Omnibus Package\u003C/a>, published last month, has signaled a definitive pivot. The core message: B2G data sharing is now being refined and confined as a measure of last resort. This narrowing protects the private sector but simultaneously creates a critical challenge: without a designated data steward within both the public and private sector this restrictive, haphazard approach will fail to build the trusted, long-term data ecosystems necessary to address emergency and non-emergency, systemic societal challenges.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"the-data-act’s-original-intent\">The Data Act’s Original Intent\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>The initial B2G framework in the \u003Ca href=\"https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/factpages/data-act-explained\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Data Act \u003C/a>(Chapter V, Articles 14–22) established the mandatory sharing mechanism, intended to prevent the absence of vital data from hindering public policy and crisis response. The concept of “exceptional need” provided the trigger, categorized as:\u003C/p>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli>Public Emergency (Article 15(1)(a)): A high-urgency scenario (e.g., natural disaster, health crisis) requiring immediate data access, and the only case where personal data (properly anonymized or pseudonymized, per Article 18(4)) could be requested.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Public Interest Task (Article 15(1)(b)): A non-urgent task provided for by law (e.g., official statistics, post-emergency recovery), limited to non-personal data.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ol>\n\u003Cp>Crucially, even this original structure included a large barrier to routine government access, especially for non-emergency public interest tasks. The public body had to demonstrate it had \u003Cstrong>“\u003C/strong> exhausted all other means at its disposal to obtain such data, including purchase of non-personal data on the market by offering market rates” (Article 15(1)(b)(ii)).\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"the-digital-omnibus-package-a-confined-mandate\">The Digital Omnibus Package: A Confined Mandate\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>The Digital Omnibus Package (the “Omnibus”), designed to streamline and clarify aspects of the EU’s digital laws, narrows this interpretation by targeting the core trigger of the B2G mechanism.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>While the Data Act used the overarching term “exceptional need” to cover both urgency and public interest, proposals within the Omnibus aim to explicitly amend and focus the mandatory B2G access regime predominantly on \u003Cstrong>“\u003C/strong> public emergencies” (as reported in \u003Ca href=\"https://www.twobirds.com/en/insights/2025/eu-digital-omnibus-package-major-changes-to-the-data-act-proposed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recent legislative analysis\u003C/a>).\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>What the Omnibus does to the B2G Mechanism:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Narrowing: By deleting current Article 15 and replacing it with a new Article 15 (a), the mandatory sharing obligation is now being confined to just \u003Cem>public emergencies, (“relevant and proportionate to responding, mitigating, or supporting the recovery from public emergencies”)\u003C/em> . Thus the legislative intent shifts further away from allowing governments to use the Data Act as a tool for public interest data acquisition. This strengthens the protection of corporate data assets and trade secrets (safeguarded under Article 19.3).\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Focus on Crisis: It confirms that the Data Act’s B2G mandate is mainly an “emergency button” — a tool for immediate, existential crisis response — not a mechanism for medium-to-long-term societal improvement.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Microenterprises and small businesses would be able to request compensation when mandated to provide data during emergency situations, recognising that compliance imposes disproportionate costs on smaller actors. Larger data holders, by contrast, would continue to be required to share emergency-related data without charge.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>For data holders, this narrowing may provide legal clarity and reduce costs (20 million Euros \u003Ca href=\"https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/faqs/digital-package\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">according to the European Commission\u003C/a>) but also amplifies the compliance challenge: every mandatory request is now, by design, a high-stakes, time-sensitive event.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>It is also worth noting that this shift diverges significantly from the recommendations of the \u003Ca href=\"https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/news/experts-say-privately-held-data-available-european-union-should-be-used-better-and-more#:~:text=The%20rapporteur%20of%20the%20High,Europe%20and%20Digital%20Europe%20programmes.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">EU’s High-Level Expert Group on B2G Data Sharing,\u003C/a> which emphasized building \u003Cem>enduring and proactive\u003C/em> frameworks for unlocking privately-held data for the public interest. Rather than an emergency-only regime, the HLEG proposed national B2G governance structures, recognised data stewards, regulatory sandboxes, and mechanisms to scale data sharing across sectors — all aimed at avoiding exactly the kind of fragmented, ad-hoc “last resort” scenario that the Omnibus now seems to institutionalize.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"data-stewardship-the-missing-infrastructure\">Data Stewardship: The Missing Infrastructure\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>To overcome the challenges of this narrowed B2G regime and, more importantly, to create the data ecosystem needed for wider societal benefit, organizations must implement robust in-house Data Stewardship structures and functions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>As argued in \u003Ca href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5351072\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">our previous analysis\u003C/a>, a Data Steward is an organizational leader or team empowered to create public value by strategically and responsibly providing access to data for re-use. This function is the vital governance layer that transforms the Data Act’s coercive mandate into a foundation for proactive engagement.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"1-mastering-the-last-resort-compliance\">1. Mastering the Last Resort Compliance\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>A Data Stewardship function is the only mechanism that can render the strict Chapter V compliance operational:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Centralized Contact & Speed: Serving as the single, dedicated interface with the public sector’s Data Coordinator (Article 37), a Steward can ensure requests are routed and responded to within the tight Article 18 timeframes.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Proactive Readiness: A Steward can institutionalize technical preparedness by maintaining data inventories and pre-certifying data pipelines for anonymisation/pseudonymisation, eliminating the need to “scramble” when an emergency hits.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"2-building-the-long-term-collaborative-ecosystem\">2. Building the Long-Term Collaborative Ecosystem\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>More significantly, a Steward’s function is to look beyond the immediate demands of the Data Act’s “emergency button”. Long-term societal challenges — such as sustainable infrastructure planning, public transport optimisation, or climate modeling — require consistent, voluntary data sharing. These initiatives cannot rely on the burdensome, “last resort” criteria of the new proposed Article 15(a).\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>By demonstrating legal and ethical excellence in handling mandatory B2G requests, a Data Steward builds the trust and transparency required to negotiate voluntary, pre-competitive, data-sharing partnerships that address non-emergency public interest tasks. This proactive governance, rather than reactive compliance, is the true engine for creating a dynamic and reliable data ecosystem that benefits society as a whole.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"conclusion\">Conclusion\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>The evolution of the EU Data Act’s B2G provisions, amplified by legislative proposals like the Digital Omnibus, establishes mandatory sharing as a confined “last resort” mechanism, now primarily reserved for urgent public emergencies.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>This narrowing ensures private sector protection but places immense pressure on data holders to respond flawlessly during a crisis. Without a dedicated, proactive Data Stewardship framework, companies will be perpetually locked in a reactive, haphazard compliance scramble that jeopardizes both their legal standing and the critical public mission. Data Stewardship is the bridge — it ensures effective execution of the emergency protocol while simultaneously creating the trust and institutional infrastructure needed for the longer-term data collaboratives that Europe urgently requires to tackle systemic societal challenges.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>(Thanks to Begoña Gonzalez Otero and Anna Colom for review)\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/is-this-the-end-of-business-to-government-b2g-sharing",{"title":447,"description":450},"is-this-the-end-of-business-to-government-b2g-sharing","blogposts/is-this-the-end-of-business-to-government-b2g-sharing","qUjPElW_OKqzOfycmApM4Z6W0wkW-MIxkDnylqgxA-E",{"id":460,"title":461,"author":42,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":462,"body":34,"category":349,"date":463,"description":464,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":461,"image":465,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":466,"meta":467,"navigation":15,"path":468,"registrationLink":34,"seo":469,"slug":470,"startTime":34,"stem":471,"tags":472,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":474},"blogposts/blogposts/relevance-in-turbulent-times-whats-the-role-of-civil-society-and-philanthropy-in-europes-data-and-ai-strategies.json","Relevance in turbulent times: what’s the role of civil society and philanthropy in Europe’s data and AI strategies?’",[],"2025-12-04T12:00:00","Hosted by Bertelsmann Stiftung, the event welcomed around 50 participants from across the public, private, civil society, philanthropic and academic sectors.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/f6b49c18-670e-44aa-80b3-b4a583ca35ae","\u003Cp id=\"db70\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wf wg rq wh b wi wj wk wl wm wn wo wp wq wr ws wt wu wv ww wx wy wz xa xb xc gs bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">We live in turbulent times. On one hand the data and AI landscape has exponentially developed. On the other, they have unfolded in ways that consolidate power and reshape geopolitical relations, raising concerns about the diminishing influence of civil society. Building on its European Data Strategy, the European Commission has pushed forward the Data Union Strategy and the AI Continent Action plan aiming to make industry data ready for competitiveness and innovation, especially in AI development. However, we argue that more work is needed for these strategies to ensure data and AI benefit people and the planet. To respond to these developments, and as part of a series of events held in Europe to launch our Policy Brief, The Data Tank (TDT) convened a panel in Berlin with speakers representing civil society and Berlin-based philanthropic organisations active in the fields of democracy, data, and AI.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1a33\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wf wg rq wh b wi wj wk wl wm wn wo wp wq wr ws wt wu wv ww wx wy wz xa xb xc gs bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Hosted by Bertelsmann Stiftung, the event welcomed around 50 participants from across the public, private, civil society, philanthropic and academic sectors. It kicked off with a presentation by Dr. Stefaan Verhulst (Co-founder of TDT and \u003Ca class=\"z xe\" href=\"https://thegovlab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">The GovLab\u003C/a>) on TDT’s latest \u003Ca class=\"z xe\" href=\"https://www.datatank.org/news-insights/new-policy-brief-whats-next-for-europes-digital-and-data-strategies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">policy brief\u003C/a> and its five key recommendations, namely:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c53b\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wf wg rq wh b wi wj wk wl wm wn wo wp wq wr ws wt wu wv ww wx wy wz xa xb xc gs bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"wh mw\">\u003Cem class=\"xd\">Recommendation 1. Articulate open innovation as innovation that is purpose-driven and avoids monopolistic capture: \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>We suggest defining openness as guided by a shared, purpose-driven vision to prevent inequity and ensure that governance, funding, and knowledge flows avoid monopolistic capture and empower innovators of all kinds to create public value. ‍\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"68d2\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wf wg rq wh b wi wj wk wl wm wn wo wp wq wr ws wt wu wv ww wx wy wz xa xb xc gs bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"wh mw\">\u003Cem class=\"xd\">Recommendation 2. Prioritise high-impact and tangible purposes: \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>We highlight the need to focus data-related investments on tangible societal challenges, such as: preventive health, skills and education, information integrity and civic engagement, and sustainable urban and rural development, to name a few.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a01d\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wf wg rq wh b wi wj wk wl wm wn wo wp wq wr ws wt wu wv ww wx wy wz xa xb xc gs bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"wh mw\">\u003Cem class=\"xd\">Recommendation 3. Build the missing human infrastructure\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: We emphasize the need to upskill people and organisations to strategically steward data governance and incentivise data reuse for the common good.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"e5c1\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wf wg rq wh b wi wj wk wl wm wn wo wp wq wr ws wt wu wv ww wx wy wz xa xb xc gs bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"wh mw\">\u003Cem class=\"xd\">Recommendation 4. Update data governance: beyond consent towards a public mandate and new licensing forms: \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>We argue here that current consent-based approaches should evolve in a way that capture meaningful democratic governance and participatory approaches so that there is a clear public mandate or social license for data reuse.‍\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1f8f\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wf wg rq wh b wi wj wk wl wm wn wo wp wq wr ws wt wu wv ww wx wy wz xa xb xc gs bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"wh mw\">R\u003Cem class=\"xd\">ecommendation 5. Adopt polycentric and participatory governance‍: \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>There is a need to enable a dynamic and decentralised governance model in the context of the Data Union strategy and AI Continent Action Plan so that the planned data labs and data flows across data spaces benefit diverse and local innovation and avoid top-down control.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8008\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wf wg rq wh b wi wj wk wl wm wn wo wp wq wr ws wt wu wv ww wx wy wz xa xb xc gs bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"wh mw\">Strengthening Democracy, Empowering Local Actors\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8603\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wf wg rq wh b wi wk wl wm wo wp wq ws wt wu ww wx wy xa xb hb xc gs bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The need for local, people and need-driven alternatives to data practices was also highlighted by the panel. Clara Ruthardt, Project Manager for Digitalization and the Common Good at Bertelsmann Stiftung flagged the changing nature of democracy in the digital space and the importance of empowering local and regional actors. Clara underlined the need to balance curbing harmful data practices with strengthening collective alternatives — reimagining data governance, platforms, and participation so that technology serves real human and societal needs. One way Bertelsmann Stiftung is pursuing this is by building bridges and translating, convening, and connecting civil society, policymakers, and local and international partners to strengthen alternative data governance models and enable the sovereign use of data for people, communities, and democracy.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5486\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wf wg rq wh b wi wj wk wl wm wn wo wp wq wr ws wt wu wv ww wx wy wz xa xb xc gs bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"wh mw\">Strong Civil Society and Fair Markets for Better Alternatives\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"645f\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wf wg rq wh b wi wj wk wl wm wn wo wp wq wr ws wt wu wv ww wx wy wz xa xb xc gs bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Openness and democracy was a recurring theme in the panel, also highlighted by Elisabeth Nöfer, Project Manager at the Centre for Digital Society at Stiftung Mercator. Elisabeth emphasized the role of civil society in ensuring that the digital transformation is in line with democratic principles and openness, as well as a fair, equitable and competitive data economy to allow better alternatives to emerge. For Stiftung Mercator, then, opening up markets, striving for European digital sovereignty and protecting democratic values should go hand-in-hand in order to develop data and AI solutions that push for the common good.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"474b\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wf wg rq wh b wi wj wk wl wm wn wo wp wq wr ws wt wu wv ww wx wy wz xa xb xc gs bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"wh mw\">Citizen Science for a Participatory Future\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"9934\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wf wg rq wh b wi wj wk wl wm wn wo wp wq wr ws wt wu wv ww wx wy wz xa xb xc gs bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Kai-Ti Wu, Strategic Tech Development and Fundraising Officer at the European Citizen Science Association (ECSA) raised important points about empowering a citizen science approach for EU data and AI policies. ECSA, a non-profit network of over 500 organizations and individuals across Europe, is dedicated to advancing citizen science in Europe and beyond. Connecting communities, data, and institutions lies at the core of its mission. Citizen science empowers people to collect and use data — such as monitoring air quality — to inform policy, generate local insights, and promote inclusive innovation. By aligning technical and ethical infrastructures, ECSA advocates for the integration of citizen generated data, demonstrating how participation can become infrastructure in itself. ECSA’s view emphasised the importance of a democratic, human-centred data ecosystem, where civil society and philanthropy play an active role in shaping Europe’s digital strategy through collaboration and participation.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8913\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wf wg rq wh b wi wj wk wl wm wn wo wp wq wr ws wt wu wv ww wx wy wz xa xb xc gs bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cstrong class=\"wh mw\">Finding the Leverage for Civil Society\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7a85\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wf wg rq wh b wi wj wk wl wm wn wo wp wq wr ws wt wu wv ww wx wy wz xa xb xc gs bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Ultimately, an important question that was raised and resonated with the speakers and the audience was: what is our leverage as civil society and philanthropy representatives in light of European data and AI developments?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d326\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wf wg rq wh b wi wj wk wl wm wn wo wp wq wr ws wt wu wv ww wx wy wz xa xb xc gs bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Matthias Spielkamp, Founder and Executive Director of AlgorithmWatch acknowledged that we indeed live in turbulent times and there is a need for the voices of civil society, media, and communities to be amplified so that data and algorithmic systems benefit the many, not the few. Matthias also brought forward food for thought on different channels that can be used to push for effective implementation of data and AI laws and regulations, drawing, for example, on his active membership in the advisory board to the German Digital Services Coordinator elected by the German Bundestag.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"bce0\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wf wg rq wh b wi wj wk wl wm wn wo wp wq wr ws wt wu wv ww wx wy wz xa xb xc gs bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Overall, the main points raised by both speakers and audience participants highlighted a common thread: i) ensuring that Europe’s industrial and data union strategy is steered in a more participatory way; ii) including voices that are often absent from the conversation to prevent extractive practices by major players; and iii) promoting a more human-centric approach.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c545\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wf wg rq wh b wi wj wk wl wm wn wo wp wq wr ws wt wu wv ww wx wy wz xa xb xc gs bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cem class=\"xd\">This event was organised as part of The Data Tank’s 2025 events series. Stay tuned for more insights from our roundtable in Brussels, which gathered representatives of the European Commission, the European Committee of the Regions, Wikimedia, and Open Future among many other key players from the private, public and civil society sectors!\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wf wg rq wh b wi wj wk wl wm wn wo wp wq wr ws wt wu wv ww wx wy wz xa xb xc gs bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u003Cem class=\"xd\">\u003Cem>Acknowledgments: A special thanks to the following individuals and organizations for their contributions and review for the following blog: Anna Colom (The Data Tank), Clara Ruthardt (Bertelsmann Stiftung), Elisabeth Nöfer (Stiftung Mercator), Kai-Ti Wu (European Citizen Science Association), Matthias Spielkamp (Algorithmwatch).\u003C/em>\u003C/em>\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/relevance-in-turbulent-times-whats-the-role-of-civil-society-and-philanthropy-in-europes-data-and-ai-strategies",{"title":461,"description":464},"relevance-in-turbulent-times-whats-the-role-of-civil-society-and-philanthropy-in-europes-data-and-ai-strategies","blogposts/relevance-in-turbulent-times-whats-the-role-of-civil-society-and-philanthropy-in-europes-data-and-ai-strategies",[473,113],"civil society","xeIcfwuVtY4oASOxZHsXoxbCFbEz22yA6Oou1iqRvXQ",{"id":476,"title":477,"author":478,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":479,"body":34,"category":44,"date":480,"description":481,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":477,"image":482,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":483,"meta":484,"navigation":15,"path":485,"registrationLink":34,"seo":486,"slug":487,"startTime":34,"stem":488,"tags":489,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":492},"blogposts/blogposts/10-data-commons-for-cultural-knowledge-and-preservation.json","10 Data Commons for Cultural Knowledge and Preservation","Hannah Chafetz, Andrew J. Zahuranec and Stefaan G. Verhulst",[],"2025-11-24T12:00:00","The blog is part of a larger initiative to examine and illustrate how data commons (collaboratively governed data ecosystems) can enable responsible AI development.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/ad206776-8f6b-4371-a7e2-79b5f0b97e0b","\u003Cp id=\"1455\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj nk nl nm nn no np nq ga nr ns nt gd nu nv nw gg nx ny nz oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Artificial Intelligence is opening unprecedented possibilities for how cultural heritage can be preserved, revitalized, and expressed — from \u003Ca class=\"z ov\" href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-04161-z\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">revealing forgotten histories\u003C/a> to \u003Ca class=\"z ov\" href=\"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10103702\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">enabling multilingual access\u003C/a> and \u003Ca class=\"z ov\" href=\"https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/can-ai-help-revitalize-indigenous-languages-180987060/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">keeping endangered cultural practices alive\u003C/a>. Yet realizing this potential requires access to rich and representative cultural \u003Ca class=\"z ov\" href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/data-commons-missing-infrastructure-public-interest-verhulst-phd-k8eec\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">data\u003C/a>. This creates a unique tension: cultural data must be available enough to enable inclusive and culturally aware AI, while also being safeguarded against extractive use, misuse, and erasure.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"06d2\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj nk nl nm nn no np nq ga nr ns nt gd nu nv nw gg nx ny nz oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Around the world, new cultural data commons are emerging to navigate this tension. These initiatives — spanning museum archives, public-domain literature, 3D scans of heritage sites, and contemporary artistic works — demonstrate how cultural data can be made accessible in ways that are collaborative, respectful, and aligned with community expectations. They show that access and protection are not opposing goals, but co-requirements for culturally responsible AI. In this blog we highlight 10 compelling cultural data commons. These initiatives are exemplary, not exhaustive, and are listed in alphabetical order. We then outline several commonalities across these examples and reflections on how they are designed and put into practice. We conclude with pathways for future research and initiatives.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"65d9\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj nk nl nm nn no np nq ga nr ns nt gd nu nv nw gg nx ny nz oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The blog is part of a larger initiative to examine and illustrate how data commons (collaboratively governed data ecosystems) can enable responsible AI development. To complement our \u003Ca class=\"z ov\" href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/data-commons-for-ai-blueprint.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">blueprint for using data commons\u003C/a> and recent \u003Ca class=\"z ov\" href=\"https://newcommons.ai/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">innovation challenge\u003C/a>, we collected \u003Ca class=\"z ov\" href=\"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1GPzU4Pspi-XOmJU13LvOUUPxtfTuRXcZMBw7lxkQRyY/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">over 70\u003C/a> data commons from around the world that support AI in different ways. Among them, we found several initiatives that are supplying AI-ready cultural data to help developers adapt AI models for different cultures and contexts. These data commons range from museum archives to contemporary artworks to historical literature.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"c958\" class=\"pi pj hz bb pk pl pm pn fw po pp pq fz pr ps pt pu pv pw px py pz qa qb qc qd bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Data Commons Examples\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/6d1d3ae0-2abc-48fa-a828-d49eeb595e6a.png?width=1100&height=751\" alt=\"Section 1\" loading=\"lazy\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/b48f36ee-6e0f-4c42-add8-877bde00d02b.png?width=1100&height=820\" alt=\"Section 2\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/14738a04-8ad8-415d-853a-c681d55bd2ef.png?width=1100&height=818\" alt=\"Section 3\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"fa32\" class=\"pi pj hz bb pk pl pm pn fw po pp pq fz pr ps pt pu pv pw px py pz qa qb qc qd bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Common Qualities\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp id=\"9c98\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj ql nl nm nn qm np nq ga qn ns nt gd qo nv nw gg qp ny nz oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The examples above demonstrate several patterns in how cultural data commons are designed and implemented. These include:\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"4a28\" class=\"qe pj hz bb pk fu qf fv fw fx qg fy fz ga qh gb gc gd qi ge gf gg qj gh gi qk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Purpose\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"2318\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj ql nl nm nn qm np nq ga qn ns nt gd qo nv nw gg qp ny nz oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Initiatives such as the common European data space, AI4Culture, MetaBelgica, and the TRANSFER Data Trust are increasing access to cultural heritage data for preservation and research. These initiatives underscore the importance of digitizing cultural artifacts and of sharing these digital assets with cultural heritage communities to minimize the duplication of efforts. Wikimedia Commons GLAM emphasizes the importance of supporting cultural heritage institutions, researchers, and those contributing to the platform. Similarly, Open Heritage seeks to support research and education and specifies that the data can only be used for non-commercial purposes.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a816\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj nk nl nm nn no np nq ga nr ns nt gd nu nv nw gg nx ny nz oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Other initiatives — the Institutional Data Initiative, European Books Data Commons, and the Common Corpus — aim to broaden access to cultural knowledge through the digitization of books, newspapers, and educational texts. These efforts cover several topics and materials.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"00e3\" class=\"qe pj hz bb pk fu qf fv fw fx qg fy fz ga qh gb gc gd qi ge gf gg qj gh gi qk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Data Types\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"6fca\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj ql nl nm nn qm np nq ga qn ns nt gd qo nv nw gg qp ny nz oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">These data commons are providing access to a range of cultural assets — from newspapers and artworks to audio recordings. Initiatives such as the common European data space and MetaBelgica are making cultural artifacts available, while The TRANSFER Data Trust focuses on contemporary artworks, enabling artists to preserve and share their work without relying on institutions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b5d3\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj nk nl nm nn no np nq ga nr ns nt gd nu nv nw gg nx ny nz oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Other efforts concentrate on cultural texts such as newspapers, books, and historical documents. For example, the HathiTrust Research Center offers access to an extensive corpus of books, ranging from historical volumes to works of literature in multiple languages.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a1c9\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj nk nl nm nn no np nq ga nr ns nt gd nu nv nw gg nx ny nz oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Additionally, projects such as Open Heritage and Wikimedia Commons GLAM include 3D data. Open Heritage supplies 3D data from cultural heritage sites — including data collected from LiDAR sensors.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"8b3e\" class=\"qe pj hz bb pk fu qf fv fw fx qg fy fz ga qh gb gc gd qi ge gf gg qj gh gi qk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Funding Models\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"c7f7\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj ql nl nm nn qm np nq ga qn ns nt gd qo nv nw gg qp ny nz oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Setting up and maintaining a data commons for the cultural sector requires substantial investment. In Open Future’s recent publication, \u003Ca class=\"z ov\" href=\"https://openfuture.eu/publication/outline-for-a-european-books-data-commons/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">\u003Cem class=\"ow\">Outline for a European Books Data Commons\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"ow\">,\u003C/em> the team explains that “estimated annual operating costs [will be] between €500k and €750k” for their proposed books data commons emphasizing the importance of having a sustainable funding model over time.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"qr v\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"e\">\u003Ca class=\"z ab ac ey af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap v\" href=\"https://medium.com/plans?source=promotion_paragraph---post_body_banner_dot_calm_clouds--e0b4d3f33402---------------------------------------\" rel=\"noopener follow\" data-discover=\"true\">\u003Cpicture>\u003Csource>\u003Csource>\u003Csource>\u003Csource>\u003Csource>\u003Cimg class=\"bd\" alt=\"Become a Medium member\" loading=\"lazy\">\u003C/picture>\u003C/a>\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003Cp id=\"1b0d\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj nl nm nn np nq ga ns nt gd nv nw gg ny nz qr oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The funding models behind these initiatives echo those \u003Ca class=\"z ov\" href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/blog-post-emerging-funding-and-business-models-for-data-commons-a-comparison/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">identified in previous analyses\u003C/a>. Projects such as AI4Culture, MetaBelgica, and the common European data space are supported by government funding. Others rely on grants from private companies and philanthropic organizations. For example, Harvard’s Institutional Data Initiative is funded by Microsoft and OpenAI; the Common Corpus has received support from several institutions, including the Nvidia Inception program; and the TRANSFER Data Trust is backed by the Knight Art + Tech Expansion Fund. The TRANSFER Data Trust also supplements their funding with public donations. In contrast, The HathiTrust Research Center collects membership fees.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"3d97\" class=\"qe pj hz bb pk fu qf fv fw fx qg fy fz ga qh gb gc gd qi ge gf gg qj gh gi qk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Data Access Models\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"348a\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj ql nl nm nn qm np nq ga qn ns nt gd qo nv nw gg qp ny nz oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">AI4Culture, The HathiTrust Research Center, and the TRANSFER Data Initiative have built their own platforms to facilitate access to cultural data with clear licenses. These projects illustrate the potential of data commons to not only provide secure access but also trusted environments where researchers, cultural heritage specialists, and others can process and analyze data responsibly.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"685e\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj nk nl nm nn no np nq ga nr ns nt gd nu nv nw gg nx ny nz oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Open Heritage’s data is available for download from their website. Much like other data commons, they use creative commons licensing but allow the data supplier to select the type of license for their respective dataset. Each dataset is also accompanied by a DOI to help streamline the citation process.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2f0b\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj nk nl nm nn no np nq ga nr ns nt gd nu nv nw gg nx ny nz oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Other initiatives are applying different strategies to support attribution. The Wikimedia Commons GLAM, for instance, includes structured elements that can make it easier for the data to be attributed to the institution.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0462\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj nk nl nm nn no np nq ga nr ns nt gd nu nv nw gg nx ny nz oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Some initiatives, such as the HathiTrust Research Center, use tiered access models: Members receive full access to the complete data corpus, while non-members have more limited access.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d6e1\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj nk nl nm nn no np nq ga nr ns nt gd nu nv nw gg nx ny nz oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Other projects — including Common Corpus — leverage existing infrastructure, making their datasets available through commonly used platforms like GitHub and Hugging Face.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"234b\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj nk nl nm nn no np nq ga nr ns nt gd nu nv nw gg nx ny nz oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">What emerges is not a uniform model but a shared orientation: data access structures that seek to balance openness with protection, and community agency with the practical needs of cultural preservation and technological innovation.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"9622\" class=\"qe pj hz bb pk fu qf fv fw fx qg fy fz ga qh gb gc gd qi ge gf gg qj gh gi qk bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Governance and Operational Models\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"c2e3\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj ql nl nm nn qm np nq ga qn ns nt gd qo nv nw gg qp ny nz oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Across the examples, a distinctive governance landscape begins to take shape — one characterized far less by centralized authority than by distributed, collaborative arrangements.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c391\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj nk nl nm nn no np nq ga nr ns nt gd nu nv nw gg nx ny nz oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Several cultural data commons are governed, managed and maintained in collaboration with partner institutions. These partners serve not only as data contributors but also as active participants in governance and decision-making. For instance, the common European data space is operated by the Europeana Foundation, which is composed of 19 partner institutions. MetaBelgica has established a “Follow-Up Committee” that brings together organizations such as the Dutch Heritage Network and Wikimedia Belgium to provide subject-matter expertise throughout implementation. Open Heritage is managed by a consortium of institutions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3fb7\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj nk nl nm nn no np nq ga nr ns nt gd nu nv nw gg nx ny nz oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Other initiatives rely upon robust community engagement and networks of volunteers. Wikimedia Commons GLAM, for instance, sets up data supply partnerships with GLAM institutions and harnesses its volunteers for maintenance needs and other tasks.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"9cfd\" class=\"pi pj hz bb pk pl pm pn fw po pp pq fz pr ps pt pu pv pw px py pz qa qb qc qd bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Reflections\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp id=\"2674\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj ql nl nm nn qm np nq ga qn ns nt gd qo nv nw gg qp ny nz oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">As the examples above illustrate, data commons have the potential to transform how cultural knowledge is preserved and to make communities visible within AI applications. However, alongside this potential it is equally important to consider when it is appropriate to make community data available and when it should not be included in AI systems. Establishing a system to maintain a \u003Ca class=\"z ov\" href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/reimagining-data-governance-for-ai-operationalizing-social-licensing-for-data-reuse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">social license\u003C/a> is critical not only to understand community expectations, but also for actively involving affected groups in decision-making processes.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1754\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj nk nl nm nn no np nq ga nr ns nt gd nu nv nw gg nx ny nz oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Below we provide a set of illustrative questions to guide future research. As interest in cultural data commons continues to grow, we hope these questions serve as jumping off points for deeper exploration:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"\">\n\u003Cli id=\"504e\" class=\"ng nh hz ni b nj nk nl nm nn no np nq ga nr ns nt gd nu nv nw gg nx ny nz oa ox oy oz bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">How can the governance of cultural data commons reflect and align with community values and expectations?\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"f475\" class=\"ng nh hz ni b nj pa nl nm nn pb np nq ga pc ns nt gd pd nv nw gg pe ny nz oa ox oy oz bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">What strategies and mechanisms can cultural data commons adopt to establish and maintain the necessary social license to operate? In what ways can and do cultural data commons negotiate community expectations around what should or should not be made accessible for AI use?\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"addb\" class=\"ng nh hz ni b nj pa nl nm nn pb np nq ga pc ns nt gd pd nv nw gg pe ny nz oa ox oy oz bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">How can data commons organizers ensure that the communities they represent meaningfully benefit from the resulting AI?\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"a873\" class=\"ng nh hz ni b nj pa nl nm nn pb np nq ga pc ns nt gd pd nv nw gg pe ny nz oa ox oy oz bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">How can data commons organizers increase the use of cultural data commons in AI applications while reducing dependence on copyrighted data?\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"2738\" class=\"ng nh hz ni b nj pa nl nm nn pb np nq ga pc ns nt gd pd nv nw gg pe ny nz oa ox oy oz bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">How can cultural institutions collaborate to create collective data commons and minimize duplication of effort?\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"b35d\" class=\"ng nh hz ni b nj pa nl nm nn pb np nq ga pc ns nt gd pd nv nw gg pe ny nz oa ox oy oz bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">How are data commons defining boundaries around the use of cultural data in AI (e.g., deepfakes, generative remixing, derivative works)?\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"72b1\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj nk nl nm nn no np nq ga nr ns nt gd nu nv nw gg nx ny nz oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">***\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"39a3\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph ng nh hz ni b nj nk nl nm nn no np nq ga nr ns nt gd nu nv nw gg nx ny nz oa ha bg\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Have any questions or are interested in collaborating? Reach out to us at newcommons@opendatapolicylab.org.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/10-data-commons-for-cultural-knowledge-and-preservation",{"title":477,"description":481},"10-data-commons-for-cultural-knowledge-and-preservation","blogposts/10-data-commons-for-cultural-knowledge-and-preservation",[490,131,491,59],"cultural heritage","cultural data","n0ILHgUXazbqJiiwd3KinaHcK9_G8Oo-e8lZH1Y6YWc",{"id":494,"title":495,"author":496,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":497,"body":34,"category":349,"date":498,"description":499,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":495,"image":500,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":501,"meta":502,"navigation":15,"path":503,"registrationLink":34,"seo":504,"slug":505,"startTime":34,"stem":506,"tags":507,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":509},"blogposts/blogposts/if-only-we-had-access-to-data-for-exploring-data-stewardship-and-collaboration-for.json","‘If only we had access to data for…’: Exploring Data Stewardship and collaboration for…","The Data Tank",[],"2025-11-05T00:00:00","As part of a series of events in Europe, The Data Tank organised a workshop in Bologna in collaboration with Fondazione Compagnia Di San Paolo.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/f5845f1b-35c4-4da3-a2c0-b99016b46d3a","\u003Ch1 id=\"‘if-only-we-had-access-to-data-for…’-exploring-data-stewardship-and-collaboration-for…\">‘If only we had access to data for…’: Exploring Data Stewardship and collaboration for…\u003C/h1>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"‘if-only-we-had-access-to-data-for…’-exploring-data-stewardship-and-collaboration-for-philanthropic-data-innovation\">‘If only we had access to data for…’: Exploring Data Stewardship and collaboration for philanthropic data innovation\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Paulina Behluli\u003C/strong> , The Data Tank | \u003Cem>A pre-conferecne workshop in Bologna\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In recent years, Europe — the informally known global digital regulator, has pushed forward many digital and data strategies trying to address a rapidly changing environment. However, as stated in our \u003Ca href=\"https://www.datatank.org/news-insights/new-policy-brief-whats-next-for-europes-digital-and-data-strategies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">policy brief\u003C/a>, the European Data Strategy has yet to achieve a dual imperative: protect people from extractive and opaque data practices, and unlock data in a way that systematically advances societal goals. At The Data Tank (TDT), we think that addressing this challenge requires a collaborative approach involving all stakeholders.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>As part of a series of events in Europe, The Data Tank organised a workshop in Bologna in collaboration with \u003Ca href=\"https://www.compagniadisanpaolo.it/it/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fondazione Compagnia Di San Paolo\u003C/a>. The workshop was organised in the context of the \u003Ca href=\"https://csvconf.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Csv,Conf,v9\u003C/a> conference, an international community event on open data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The workshop in Bologna centered around the topic of data for philanthropies and gathered representatives across philanthropic organisations, civil society, and academia. We kicked off by introducing our \u003Ca href=\"https://www.datatank.org/about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2025–2028 strategy\u003C/a> and recent \u003Ca href=\"https://www.datatank.org/news-insights/new-policy-brief-whats-next-for-europes-digital-and-data-strategies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">policy brief\u003C/a>, which makes five recommendations for Europe’s next steps for its data and digital strategy. One of our recommendations includes the importance of data stewardship, the human infrastructure needed to make these data reuse ecosystems work. Data stewards are strategic data leaders across sectors that enable access to data in a systematic, sustainable, and responsible way. At TDT, we have trained over 180 global data stewards and created a community of practitioners that goes beyond borders and data infrastructures. We highlighted three key data stewardship principles: collaboration, protection, and action. Data stewards work with others to unlock the value of data by reusing it across sectors and industries and make sure that the data is ethically managed and protected, all while acting in proactively identifying partners who can do so. There are several use-cases on how philanthropies around the world have unlocked the value of data. We shared, for example, The King Baudouin Foundation’s \u003Ca href=\"https://because.eu/en/analyse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Social Profit DATATrust\u003C/a>, and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.mcgovern.org/our-work/data-solutions/grant-guardian/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Patrick J. McGovern’s Grant Guardian\u003C/a>, to name a few. We also highlighted other important initiatives, such as the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.data4philanthropy.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Data4Philanthropy\u003C/a>. Such initiatives do not only provide food for thought on how data could be incorporated into the grant making cycle, but also bring together important actors around the ‘virtual table’.\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*9yiSJmlHigbQ9quekct4hQ.jpeg\" alt=\"\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Participants were also able to hear from Hilel Dridi, Data Program Manager at Compagnia di San Paolo, who took the stage and presented the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.compagniadisanpaolo.it/en/projects/data-strategy-2023-2030/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">data strategy\u003C/a> of Fondazione Compagnia di San Paolo 2023–2030. Fondazione Compagnia di San Paolo is one of the very few European philanthropies that have published a data strategy.__ A key point made by Hilel resonates with a key recommendation in The Data Tank’s policy brief, which is the need to prioritise high impact and tangible purposes when reusing data for the public interest. Fondazione Compagnia has already started doing their part on focusing their data-related investments on urgent and tangible societal challenges, paving the way for other philanthropies to follow.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The workshop was an opportunity for participants to share the challenges faced in relation to reusing data for the common good, as well as potential ways forward.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The challenges discussed are not unheard of in the data space, showing they persist in a context of rapid societal and technological change. They include: balancing privacy and security with data access and sharing, overcoming cost barriers associated with governance and total costs of ownership, balancing innovation and regulation, building trust and data literacy, and inability to keep up with the speed of technological evolution. Participants also highlighted a lack of multi-level coordination and siloed operations related to the high costs of governance.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The participants then turned to potential solutions to these challenges in the philanthropic and civil society sectors. Data standards, asking good research questions, creating consortia (including philanthropies, civil society, and librarians to these consortia), and finding innovative ways of sharing synthetic data instead of raw data to not breach any privacy concerns were some of the recommended approaches. Beyond these solutions, participants also highlighted the need for more investment on internal data literacy to better understand the potential of data reuse. Yet, the high cost of infrastructure (human and technological) remained a barrier towards achieving such ambitions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The insights from this workshop reflected TDT’s diagnosis of the current state of affairs in data reuse and the steps outlined in our strategy in many ways. Even though there are many initiatives geared towards building the supply-side of data and technology, there is a need for more investment to cover the needs for demand, governance, and human infrastructure.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>This workshop was organised as part of TDT’s 2025 events series. Stay tuned for more insights from Berlin and Brussels!\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/if-only-we-had-access-to-data-for-exploring-data-stewardship-and-collaboration-for",{"title":495,"description":499},"if-only-we-had-access-to-data-for-exploring-data-stewardship-and-collaboration-for","blogposts/if-only-we-had-access-to-data-for-exploring-data-stewardship-and-collaboration-for",[508],"Events","DJcF3t2dBsBGALA2u33qhbYkcHR9rmcTV5qZ4o4r0eI",{"id":511,"title":512,"author":513,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":514,"body":34,"category":349,"date":515,"description":516,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":512,"image":517,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":518,"meta":519,"navigation":15,"path":520,"registrationLink":34,"seo":521,"slug":522,"startTime":34,"stem":523,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":524},"blogposts/blogposts/stewarding-data-strategically-and-responsibly-for-smarter-cities-and-regions-apply-now.json","Stewarding Data Strategically and Responsibly for Smarter Cities and Regions: Apply Now","Paulina Behluli and Rodolphe Doité",[],"2025-10-13T00:00:00","Authors: Paulina Behluli and Rodolphe Doité","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/71921f61-fbbd-4d70-8b39-4cee3533c5da","\u003Ch2 id=\"stewarding-data-strategically-and-responsibly-for-smarter-cities-and-regions-apply-now-for-the-first-data-stewards-bootcamp-in-brussels\">Stewarding Data Strategically and Responsibly for Smarter Cities and Regions: Apply Now for the First Data Stewards Bootcamp in Brussels\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>Authors: Paulina Behluli and Rodolphe Doité\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>Join a new generation of leaders shaping how data serves cities and regions. The Data Stewards Bootcamp offers hands-on training in responsible and strategic data stewardship, helping cities and regions unlock data’s full potential for the public good. Apply today!\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Data has the potential to positively transform societies. When responsibly used and governed, it can drive informed decisions, enhance service delivery, and strengthen advocacy efforts. Yet, despite a growing awareness of data’s value, many societies continue to face challenges in adopting open data practices and fostering meaningful data collaboration. Public authorities, especially at the local level, are in the frontline when it comes to all the pressing challenges we face, ranging from climate change, fast growth coupled with pressing social needs, overgrowing tourism and more. To unlock the full potential of data for the common good, we must rethink both how data is used and who is responsible for its stewardship. This means shifting the focus from purely technical roles to strategic, cross-sector collaboration that enables the use and reuse of data as a powerful asset for social impact.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In response to these challenges, The Data Tank and FARI are launching the first-ever Data Stewards Bootcamp in Brussels. The bootcamp focuses on local and regional digital ecosystems by emphasising the role of responsible data governance for cities and regions in Europe. We organise the bootcamp as a one-week intensive course led by Stefaan Verhulst (Co-founder of GovLab and The Data Tank) with the involvement of FARI experts and guest lecturers. Bootcamp participants will also have the opportunity to engage with different data leaders across the private, and nonprofit sectors via guided field visits as part of the program. We are firm believers in making learning fun and the bootcamp includes many social elements that aim to unlock exactly that; all while networking with the peers from the group. Secure your spot with a 20% discount to public and non-profit sector representatives.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Why Cities and Regions ?\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Data governance is an integrated ecosystem approach, where multiple stakeholders play a role to create, collect, use, reuse and share data. Such governance is deeply rooted in local and regional contexts. However, if larger cities can take the leading role in organising their stakeholders to build on their data ecosystem, smaller municipalities, often in rural contexts, can benefit from the role of metropolitan regions, and regions themselves, to support their digital transformation journey.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>With this bootcamp, we want to focus on data governance which relies on the involvement of all relevant stakeholders, to ensure local understanding and value creation. And our collaboration with public authorities has taught us that local and regional governments can have a leading role as facilitators — and stewards — in mobilising various stakeholders, including industry, research institutions, civil society, for using data for the common good.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>Imagine This:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem>It’s 2040 and Brussels has exponentially improved their public service delivery, becoming one of the first EU cities to reduce net emissions by 90%, and the citizens enjoy an inter-connected city free of mobility challenges.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>This vision might seem realistic for some, or too idealistic for others. In any case, we believe that responsible data governance and stewardship is indispensable to make progress happen.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>What will you learn?\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Similar to other bootcamps that The Data Tank and The GovLab organise, the program is designed around the Data Stewards Canvas, a step-by-step tool to help organisations develop a data reuse strategy. It combines structured learning with real-world applications, featuring guest lectures and site visits that highlight innovative data reuse for the societal public benefit. The Data Stewards Canvas has recently been updated for relevance amidst the increasing AI developments. The Canvas now covers sections on open data and genAI, including how to steward AI-ready data, and presents a myriad of AI use cases. In addition, the collaboration with partners from FARI adds another important aspect to the learnings, a deep dive into the smart regions and local initiatives, utilising the strong connection in \u003Cstrong>Brussels Capital Region ecosystem.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>Learning structure\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> : The bootcamp is organised as a five-day intensive course taking place in Brussels, Belgium. The five days feature the following topics:\u003C/p>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli>“Setting the stage for Data Stewardship” and “Introduction to Data Stewardship, formulating the demand for Data”\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>“Making the value proposition”\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>“Understanding and describing Data supply, matching demand and supply (operational, governance, and technical elements)”\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>“Moving from insight to decision intelligence”\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>“Measuring Impact for Data-driven initiatives”.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ol>\n\u003Cp>Afternoons will feature visits to leading data and innovation institutions active in Brussels, offering participants a firsthand look at data stewardship in the region’s ecosystem. Interactive workshops will also be an important element of the bootcamp.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>Date & Timing: \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>The course takes place in Brussels on February 2026 (w/c February 2nd). Each session starts at 9:00 AM (CET) and will include lectures in the morning, followed by field visits in the afternoon, with a one-hour lunch break.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>Course assignment:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>By the end of the program, participants will apply their learning by writing a data reuse assignment tailored to their respective organisations, ensuring direct application to their professional contexts. But what is a data reuse strategy to begin with? A data reuse strategy is a detailed strategy on data internal and external flows to maximize efforts for the public good.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>This assignment is expected to be developed throughout the course, where course facilitators will act as mentors and provide their support. The data reuse assignment will be presented in dedicated pitch-sessions that will be organized by course organizers. The pitch-sessions take place online.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Course fee:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The full course fee is €3000.00, which includes:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Access to all course sessions (and panel discussions) and materials during five days\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Participation in live discussions and Q&A sessions\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>A certificate of completion\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Access to two alumni groups (FARI & TDT) that remain active in engagement with special sessions organized exclusively for the alumni\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Opportunity to develop a data reuse strategy that can be used for the respective organisations utilizing many toolkits and frameworks made available via the course.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>We offer a 20% discount to all participants from public administration and civil society organizations, reflecting our commitment to supporting learning in the public interest.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Application deadline:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>December 2, 2025 Apply NOW: \u003Ca href=\"https://7gkuoz6cecj.typeform.com/to/PfjsqHzw?typeform-source=www.datatank.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https://7gkuoz6cecj.typeform.com/to/PfjsqHzw?typeform-source=www.datatank.org\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*yijywIgt_nZnU_i5gb1z4Q.png\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Data Stewards Bootcamp Call for applications\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Who should Apply?\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The bootcamp is an executive learning program geared towards professionals from Belgium (and international) working across the public, private, and civil society sectors using data and AI for the common good.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Some of the potential profiles include: Smart City Experts, Data Governance Leads, Senior Data Managers, Data Scientists, Open Data Officer, GIS / Spatial Data Specialist, Principal Consultant in Smart City, Chief Data Officers, Data Privacy Officers, Senior Program/Project Managers for Data and/or AI for Good Projects, and Digital Transformation managers.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>If you are interested in joining a group of executive leaders working at the intersection of data and smart regions, all while growing your network and learning from some of the best pioneers in the space, then this bootcamp is for you.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>*\u003Cem>The course has a limited number of seats, accommodating maximum 20 participants\u003C/em>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>What do the alumni say?\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cblockquote>\n\u003Cp>The bootcamp was a unique experience to focus on the strategic value of data stewardship processes for an organisation. It stimulated my critical and creative thinking, allowing me to re-boost some of my organisation’s internal processes and projects with new energy. \u003Cstrong>Stefania Paolazzi, Municipality of Bologna\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The course offered a great opportunity to dive deeper into the role of data stewards and showed their importance. Furthermore, I benefit from the exchange within the group and the experience of the speakers. Daniela Koller, \u003Cstrong>Office of Data and Statistics at Thurgau Canton in Switzerland\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The course was amazing — up-to-date content, amazing insights and great lecturers throughout. I really learned a lot and would recommend it to everyone, including those who are experienced with data management topics. Trust me — I’m a Data Steward :-) \u003Cstrong>Helena Bakic, Bertlesmann Stiftung\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>“This course was an incredible opportunity to learn from experienced peers, receive mentorship from academic and industry experts, and set strategy for a post-pandemic world, where public institutions need to set priorities with data and answer questions with data. It has been an honor to be a part of this inaugural cohort of Data Stewards, and I look forward to contribute to our growing community!” \u003Cstrong>Christine Keung, Chief Data Officer, Mayor’s Office on Technology and Innovation, City of San Jose\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/blockquote>\n\u003Cp>Application form :\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/stewarding-data-strategically-and-responsibly-for-smarter-cities-and-regions-apply-now",{"title":512,"description":516},"stewarding-data-strategically-and-responsibly-for-smarter-cities-and-regions-apply-now","blogposts/stewarding-data-strategically-and-responsibly-for-smarter-cities-and-regions-apply-now","8jQNDoVhGoOeqaPJRttbAQiABcsQg9XmyC4TdCcAjeQ",{"id":526,"title":527,"author":42,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":528,"body":34,"category":44,"date":529,"description":530,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":527,"image":531,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":532,"meta":533,"navigation":15,"path":534,"registrationLink":34,"seo":535,"slug":536,"startTime":34,"stem":537,"tags":538,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":539},"blogposts/blogposts/data-stewards-trends-to-watch-october-2025-session.json","Data Stewards Trends to Watch: October 2025 Session",[],"2025-10-06T12:00:00"," On a bi-monthly basis, Stefaan Verhulst (Co-founder of The GovLab and The Data Tank) goes over emerging trends in data stewardship. ","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/d902a3cc-0db0-4c79-9f40-3e455685df57","\u003Ch1 dir=\"ltr\">Data Stewards Trends to Watch: October 2025 Session\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Data is here to stay, and so is AI. We live in a world where datafication and the hype around AI continues to exponentially grow. Our responsibility as common-good driven organizations is to continue work towards enabling responsible, systematic, and sustainable data governance mechanisms; something we refer to as data stewardship. As our data stewards community continues to grow, our engagement “Data Stewardship Trends to Watch” series remains constant. On a bi-monthly basis, Stefaan Verhulst (Co-founder of The GovLab and The Data Tank) goes over emerging trends in data stewardship. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">On October 1st, Stefaan led a session that discussed a variety of topics including:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">New developments on data intermediaries and non-traditional datasets\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">People-led data innovations\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">The use of data and technology for peace\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Emerging uses of technology\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Changes in policy at the national, supranational, and international level.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Check out a recording of the full conversation \u003Ca href=\"https://youtu.be/sr35YMuMXJ8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003C/a>. The following resources were discussed during the session:\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Data Developments\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/calls-for-evidence/data-intermediaries/outcome/data-intermediaries-government-response\">Government responses to Data Intermediaries\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/national-statistical-offices-as-emerging-trusted-intermediaries-in-data-governance_3721ec38-en.html\">National statistical agencies as trust intermediaries\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/population-movement-data-unlocking-opportunities-for-a-modern-digital-government/population-movement-data-unlocking-opportunities-for-a-modern-digital-government\">Using population movement data for digital government\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/entities/publication/d07228d4-d08d-4ec7-baee-fc117e4d43b8\">Using remotely sensed data to assess war damage\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/2025/08/12/trump-bls-government-data\">The value of official government economic data over alternatives\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">People-Led Data Initiatives\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://sdinet.org/explore-our-data/\">Crowdsourced data from 7,000 slums around the world\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.newcommons.ai/winners/malawi-voice-data-commons\">An effort to use a voice data commons for humanitarian response in Malawi\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/from-averages-to-agency-rethinking-official-statistics-for-the-21st-century-b8e173b44ec6\">A proposal for rethinking official statistics for the 21st century\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://transfer.art/trust\">An effort to launch a decentralized, artist-owned data trust\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Data for Peace and Tech\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://ssir.org/articles/entry/tech-against-genocide#\">An incubator dedicated to strengthening pro-human rights projects, starting with Palestine\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org/events/2025\">An overview of the 2025 Kluz Prize for PeaceTech\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Emerging Tech Developments\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://digitalstate.gov.ua/news/govtech/diiaai-pershyy-u-sviti-derzavnyy-ai-ahent-iakyy-ne-prosto-konsultuye-a-nadaye-posluhy-iak-pratsiuye-shtuchnyy-intelekt-na-portali\">The world’s first national AI agent for government service delivery\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://albanianpost.com/diella-and-the-ethical-dilemmas-of-governance/\">The ethical challenges presented by “Diella”, Albania’s AI minister\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-025-02454-5\">The need for new ethics for a world of AI agents\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Policy Developments\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.un.org/en/A/79/l.118\">A UN resolution on the establishment of an independent international panel on AI governance\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://documents.un.org/doc/undoc/ltd/n25/222/68/pdf/n2522268.pdf\">Terms of reference for the independent international panel on AI governance\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/five-asymmetries-20-questions-reflections-ahead-uns-ai-verhulst-phd-cfulf/?trackingId=1yImZkHHPC0zHvr58u1e5w%3D%3D\">Reflections ahead of the UN’s Global Dialogue on AI Governance\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/news/eu-data-act-gives-users-control-over-data-connected-devices\">A press release on the EU Data Act\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5351072\">An analysis of the B2G data-sharing mechanism in the EU Data Act\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong> \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Interested to learn more about data stewardship trends? Sign up for the Data Stewards Network mailing \u003Ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/go1HQH\">at this link\u003C/a>. Or contact datastewards@thegovlab.org to learn more.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/data-stewards-trends-to-watch-october-2025-session",{"title":527,"description":530},"data-stewards-trends-to-watch-october-2025-session","blogposts/data-stewards-trends-to-watch-october-2025-session",[232,113],"NlH4yMzUBkw5RpEey727Ku2VewGLjXPV9-4AwAeF5w8",{"id":541,"title":542,"author":42,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":543,"body":34,"category":44,"date":544,"description":545,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":542,"image":546,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":547,"meta":548,"navigation":15,"path":549,"registrationLink":34,"seo":550,"slug":551,"startTime":34,"stem":552,"tags":553,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":554},"blogposts/blogposts/data-stewards-trends-to-watch-july-2025-session.json","Data Stewards Trends to Watch: July 2025 Session",[],"2025-08-07T12:00:00","n the July 2025 edition, Stefaan Verhulst, lead of the Data Stewards Courses, shared updates based on the five identified functions of data stewardship...","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/c894e26a-3ab2-439d-9b63-e3755f6bc6f2","\u003Chgroup class=\"prose__header\">\u003C/hgroup>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"prose__content\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">We often speak of living in an era of data abundance. Yet gaining access to the right data—and re-using it in systematic, sustainable, and responsible ways—remains a major challenge. Beyond technical and policy infrastructure, what’s often missing is the human infrastructure: the skills, capacities, and institutional roles needed to steward data in the public interest.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In response to this challenge, The Data Tank and The GovLab have partnered to offer executive courses (what we call “bootcamps”) in Data Stewardship. Our global alumni network now includes more than 160 trained data stewards. As to engage our alumni on a regular basis we offer a regular “Trends to Watch” series which focuses on the most recent developments in data stewardship and governance. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In the July 2025 edition, Stefaan Verhulst, lead of the Data Stewards Courses, shared updates based on the five identified \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/wanted-data-stewards-drafting-the-job-specs-for-a-re-imagined-data-stewardship-role-f7cd28a83379\">functions of data stewardship\u003C/a>: \u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Stewarding data and questions; \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"2\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Guiding question: How do we provide access to data so that it can be reused in a more systematical, sustainable, and responsible way? \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Stewarding partners; \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"2\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Guiding Question: How do we understand what people want with regard to how data is being used? What engagement models or social license needs to be established towards this end? \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Stewarding internal processes and relations; \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"2\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Guiding Question: How can we map internal data resources and expertise, keep stakeholders informed, and ensure timely approval of data reuse initiatives?\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Stewarding sustainability; \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"2\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Guiding Question: How do we embrace data stewardship and responsible governance by building the right infrastructure, developing strong business cases for data reuse, measuring impact, and securing funding for collaborative initiatives?\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Stewarding insights. \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"2\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Guiding Question: How do we go about transforming data to decision intelligence and generate insights? \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong> \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/d27a464c-48c5-4918-afae-0b55608907b8.png?width=512&height=288\" alt=\"Roles of a Data Steward\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Check out the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abJGKeW6Lk4\">recording of this edition\u003C/a>. The following resources were covered during this session: \u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">Stewarding data and questions: \u003C/h4>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>\u003Cstrong>Policy Developments: \u003C/strong>\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.broadbandcommission.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Data-Governance-Toolkit.pdf\">Data Governance Toolkit Navigating Data in the Digital Age\u003C/a>, ITU/UNDP//UNESCO Broadband Commission for Sustainable Development\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/news/commission-adopts-delegated-act-data-access-under-digital-services-act\">Commission adopts delegated act on data access under the Digital Services Act\u003C/a>, the European Commission\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://ico.org.uk/about-the-ico/what-we-do/legislation-we-cover/data-use-and-access-act-2025/the-data-use-and-access-act-2025-what-does-it-mean-for-organisations/#innovate\">The Data Use and Access Act 2025 (DUAA) - what does it mean for organisations?\u003C/a> |UK Information Commissioner’s Office\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Americas-AI-Action-Plan.pdf\">America’s AI Action Plan \u003C/a>The White House \u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>\u003Cstrong>Technology Developments: \u003C/strong>\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/knowledge-graphs-federal-modernization-michael-shekhter-h47de/\">Knowledge Graphs for Federal Modernization\u003C/a>, Mich, el Shekhter\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/how-knowledge-graphs-make-ai-agents-more-explainable-effective-ritu-f1xnf/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How Knowledge Graphs Make AI Agents More Context-Aware, Explainable, and Effective\u003C/a>, Ritu Dalmia\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.anthropic.com/news/model-context-protocol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Introducing the Model Context Protocol\u003C/a>, Anthropic\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://modelcontextprotocol.io/docs/getting-started/intro\">Model Context Protocol\u003C/a> \u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">Stewarding partners: \u003C/h4>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://transform.england.nhs.uk/key-tools-and-info/data-saves-lives/national-public-engagement-on-the-use-of-health-data/national-engagement-on-data-cohort-2-report/\">National engagement on data: cohort 2 report\u003C/a> | NHS England\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://dataqualitycampaign.org/about/\">Community Engagement Is Crucial for Successful State Data Efforts\u003C/a> | Data Quality Campaign\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://ijpds.org/article/view/2938\">A novel protocol for a \"Citizen Panel\" for diverse Public and Participant Involvement in the review and development of the process to access data in the UK Longitudinal Linkage Collaboration Trusted Research Environment \u003C/a>the International Journal of Population Data Science \u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">Stewarding internal processes and relations: \u003C/h4>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://atlan.com/data-governance-roles-and-responsibilities/#:~:text=Who%20should%20be%20in%20charge,responsibility%20applies%20to%20each%20decision\">Data Governance Roles & Responsibilities 2025: What Every Data Leader Must Know\u003C/a> | Published by Atlan\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">Stewarding sustainability: \u003C/h4>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.weforum.org/stories/2025/06/recognition-people-data-company-culture/\">Why the most valuable workforce data is voluntary – and how to get it\u003C/a> | World Economic Forum\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://hbr.org/2025/06/5-ways-cooperatives-can-shape-the-future-of-ai?ab=HP-hero-latest-1\">5 Ways Cooperatives Can Shape the Future of AI\u003C/a> | Harvard Business Review\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/ai-and-the-commons/cc-signals/\">CC Signals: A New Social Contract for the Age of AI\u003C/a> Creative Commons\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong> \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">Stewarding insights: \u003C/h4>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/health/healthcare/medicare-health-insurance-diagnosis-payments-b4d99a5d\">Insurers Pocketed $50 Billion From Medicare for Diseases No Doctor Treated\u003C/a> | The Wall Street Journal \u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong id=\"docs-internal-guid-2c8e3fc1-7fff-3872-f146-d57d5edc2a58\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/strong>Interested to learn more about data stewardship trends? Sign up for the Data Stewards Network mailing \u003Ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/go1HQH\">at this link\u003C/a>. Or contact datastewards@thegovlab.org to learn more.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>",{},"/blogposts/data-stewards-trends-to-watch-july-2025-session",{"title":542,"description":545},"data-stewards-trends-to-watch-july-2025-session","blogposts/data-stewards-trends-to-watch-july-2025-session",[232,113],"cqE0wPnOiRhjrXCP7nQSuh9eIq2D1VoioUI1gKEqvu4",{"id":556,"title":557,"author":558,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":559,"body":34,"category":349,"date":560,"description":561,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":557,"image":562,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":563,"meta":564,"navigation":15,"path":565,"registrationLink":34,"seo":566,"slug":567,"startTime":34,"stem":568,"tags":569,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":570},"blogposts/blogposts/apply-now-and-join-the-data-stewards-intensive-course-2nd-edition-for-civil-society-in-berlin.json","Apply Now and Join the Data Stewards Intensive Course 2nd Edition for Civil Society in Berlin","Paulina Behluli and Natalia Mejia Pardo",[],"2025-07-08T00:00:00","Paulina Behluli, The Data Tank ⎜Natalia Mejia Pardo, The Data Tank","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*RnyElqu0jkobbZffb-EiAg.png","\u003Ch2 id=\"apply-now-join-the-data-stewards-intensive-course-2nd-edition-for-civil-society-in-berlin-1\">\u003Cstrong>Apply Now: Join the Data Stewards Intensive Course 2nd Edition for Civil Society in Berlin\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>Paulina Behluli, The Data Tank ⎜Natalia Mejia Pardo, The Data Tank\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Data has the power to transform civil society. When used strategically, it can inform decision-making, enhance service delivery, and strengthen advocacy efforts\u003C/strong>. Yet, despite a growing awareness of data’s value, many civil society organisations in Germany continue to face challenges in adopting open data practices and fostering meaningful data collaboration. In addition, the current geopolitical environment coupled with challenging and changing contexts is highly affecting the civil society sector globally. In order to respond to such challenges, data-driven collaborations help with diversifying funding sources, and enabling innovative funding approaches, all while incentivising outcome-driven cross-sectoral collaboration and social impact.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>To unlock the full potential of data for the common good, we must rethink both how data is used and who is responsible for its stewardship.\u003C/strong> This means shifting the focus from purely technical roles to strategic, cross-sector collaboration that enables the use and reuse of data as a powerful asset for social impact.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In response to these challenges, the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bertelsmann-stiftung.de/de/startseite\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bertelsmann Stiftung\u003C/a>, in collaboration with \u003Ca href=\"https://www.datatank.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Data Tank\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The GovLab\u003C/a>, launched the first-ever Data Stewardship Intensive Course in Berlin last year. The program was designed to build the human infrastructure needed to use data responsibly, sustainably, and effectively in the civil society sector.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Building on the success of the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bertelsmann-stiftung.de/de/mediathek/medien/mid/erster-intensivkurs-fuer-data-stewards-aus-ngos\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">first Intensive Course\u003C/a> and the recent launch of the \u003Ca href=\"https://datenatlas-zivilgesellschaft.de/de/start\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Civil Society Data Atlas\u003C/a> by Bertelsmann Stiftung, \u003Cstrong>we are excited to announce the second edition of the Data Stewardship Intensive Course in Berlin this fall!\u003C/strong> This new edition of the course will be offered in a \u003Cstrong>hybrid format\u003C/strong> , starting with three on-site intensive sessions from \u003Cstrong>October 6th to 8th\u003C/strong> , followed by \u003Cstrong>three online sessions\u003C/strong> , for a total of \u003Cstrong>one-month duration course\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>JOIN US\u003C/strong> : Together with our key partner — Bertelsmann Stiftung- we are calling upon leaders and data experts from the civil society sector to apply to be part of a new generation of data stewards that can design and steer the data reuse strategy of their organization or team!\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>What will you learn?\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The program is designed around the \u003Cstrong>Data Stewards Canvas\u003C/strong> , a step-by-step tool to help organisations develop a data reuse strategy. It combines structured learning with real-world applications, featuring guest lectures and site visits that highlight innovative data reuse of social sector data for civil society. The \u003Cstrong>Data Stewards Canvas\u003C/strong> has recently been updated for relevance amidst the increasing AI developments. The Canvas now covers sections on open data and genAI, preparing AI-ready data, and presents a myriad of AI use cases.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Learning Structure:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>In-Person Sessions:\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ol>\n\u003Cp>The in-person component kicks off with an \u003Cstrong>Introduction to Data Stewardship\u003C/strong> , followed by modules such as \u003Cstrong>Formulating the Demand for Data and Understanding and Describing Data Supply\u003C/strong>. Over three intensive days, participants will attend morning lectures by Stefaan Verhulst, PhD, co-founder of The GovLab and The DataTank, and distinguished guest speakers. Afternoons will feature visits to innovation hubs in Berlin, offering participants a firsthand look at data stewardship in the city’s ecosystem.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Date & Timing\u003C/strong>:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>The in-person sessions\u003C/strong> will take place in \u003Cstrong>Berlin on October 6th, 7th, and 8th, 2025\u003C/strong>. Each session starts at 9:00 AM (CET) and will include lectures in the morning, followed by field visits in the afternoon, with a one-hour lunch break.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The lectures will cover the main sections of the Data Stewards Canvas. The in-person sessions will start with the following topics:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Introduction to Data Stewardship and Formulating the Demand:\u003C/strong> Defining data, problem definition, understanding the demand for data\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Understanding and Describing the Data Supply:\u003C/strong> Defining societal value proposition, mapping supply, data sharing, the data winter\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Matching Demand and Supply — Governance:\u003C/strong> Risks across the data lifecycle, building a business case, stakeholder mapping, cost-benefits estimates.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>2. Online Sessions:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Date & Timing\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Online sessions begin after the in-person sessions, \u003Cstrong>starting from October 15\u003C/strong>. Each online session will start at \u003Cstrong>2:30 PM CET and last for 2.5 hours\u003C/strong> , running for three weeks (each Wednesday) until \u003Cstrong>the program concludes on Nov 5th, 2025.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The online portion will focus on:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Matching Demand with Supply -Technical Infrastructure:\u003C/strong> Infrastructure requirements, data standards, open data and gen AI, preparing AI-Ready data\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Moving from Insight to Action:\u003C/strong> Decision Intelligence -opportunities and challenges, importance of lived experiences, decision legitimacy, assessing impact.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>3. Course Assignment:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>By the end of the program, participants will apply their learning by writing a \u003Cstrong>data reuse assignment\u003C/strong> tailored to their respective organizations, ensuring direct application to their professional contexts. \u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>But what is a data reuse strategy to begin with?\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> A data reuse strategy is a detailed strategy on data internal and external flows to maximize efforts for the public good.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>This assignment is expected to be developed throughout the course, where course facilitators will act as mentors and provide their support. The data reuse assignment focuses on:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>a) Identifying a challenge participants and their respective organisations are facing that data could help answer;\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>b) Proposing a data-driven solution pertaining to the challenge at hand\u003C/em> ;\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>c) Coming up with a sustainability plan for the solution and ensuring its impact lasts\u003C/em> via a solution lifecycle approach.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Toward this end, participants also attend two course pitching sessions organised on \u003Cstrong>October 30 and October 31\u003C/strong> online. During these sessions participants present their data reuse assignment in four slide decks (5 minutes). They then dive into an open Q&A session where they receive feedback for their presentations.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>*All the sections of the data reuse strategy are expected to be developed using the Data Stewards Canvas and the many toolkits made available via the course.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Finally, participants are expected to briefly describe the challenge that they would like to solve with the help of the course in the application form directly. This will be the base for their data reuse assignments to be developed.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>How & When:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Duration:\u003C/strong> The program runs for around four weeks from \u003Cstrong>October 6th to November 5th, 2025\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Format:\u003C/strong> The hybrid format includes a 3-day on-site session in Berlin, followed by three weeks of online learning.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Language:\u003C/strong> The course will be conducted in English and aims at equipping data stewards with the necessary skills to enhance data collaborations focused on the common good.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Cost and selection:\u003C/strong> The course is free and only 20 applicants will be selected!\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Certification and Alumni:\u003C/strong> At the end, participants will receive a certificate and join a global alumni network of around 100 data leaders.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*RnyElqu0jkobbZffb-EiAg.png\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The DS intensive course 2.0 call for applications is now open\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Who is this for?\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>This course is an executive learning program targeted at professionals from the German civil society working on data-related topics.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Some of the potential profiles include: Data Governance Leads, Senior Data Managers, Data Scientists, Chief Data Officers, Data Privacy Officers, Senior Program/Project Managers for Data and/or AI for Good Projects, and Digital Transformation managers.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>What do previous participants say about the bootcamp?\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>‘The Data Stewards Intensive Course was a great opportunity to learn more on this very interesting but complicated topic. Building on the Canvas, the course was a mix of theoretical, practical and hands-on learning. A diverse pool of experts shared their expertise with us and we benefited from diverse views on how this role is implemented in practice.’ — \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/c%C3%A9liane-pochon-32bb58247/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Céliane Pochon\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bakom.admin.ch/bakom/en/homepage.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Swiss Federal Office of Communications OFCOM\u003C/a> | \u003Cstrong>Zürich and Bern Cohort 2025\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>‘I would recommend the Data Stewardship Course to anyone interested in learning more about the opportunities and challenges that data-driven innovation implies in real-world organizations. If you are interested in that, you will find yourself in great hands: the care that the Data Tank team puts into every activity is what makes the course truly stand out!’ -\u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/federico-piovesan-55b038b9/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Federico Piovesan\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://we.co.it/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Weco Italy\u003C/a> | \u003Cstrong>Torino Cohort 2024\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>‘The Data Stewards seminar created an inclusive environment that allowed me to work with other data driven professionals in civic society that allowed me to learn about tools and frameworks to bring data to my organization.’ — \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/nadine-isabel-levin-b2746573/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nadine Isabel Levin\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.unocha.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">United Nations OCHA\u003C/a> | \u003Cstrong>Berlin Cohort 2024\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>‘The boot camp was a unique experience to focus on the strategic value of data stewardship processes for an organisation. It stimulated my critical and creative thinking, allowing me to re-boost some of my organisation’s internal processes and projects with new energy.’ -\u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/stefania-paolazzi-01394131/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Stefania Paolazzi\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.comune.bologna.it/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Municipality of Bologna\u003C/a> | \u003Cstrong>Torino Cohort 2024\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>‘The Data Steward Intensive Course is highly recommended. In addition to the wealth of inspiring content, case studies and site visits are used to create practical references. This helps you to transfer the content to problems in your own organization. I took away an incredible amount and can use the knowledge very well when planning and structuring new research projects.’ — \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/katharina-k%C3%B6nig-b0917629a/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Katharina König\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.felberinstitut.de/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Werner-Felber-Institut e.V. \u003C/a>| \u003Cstrong>Berlin Cohort 2024\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>How to apply?\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The Call for Applications is now open until the \u003Cstrong>15th of August, 2025\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>APPLY HERE:\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://7gkuoz6cecj.typeform.com/to/Om35TOGl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">LINK TO FORM\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>To apply, participants must present a letter of support from a representative in their organisation, explaining how their current position and mandate relate to the bootcamp. Additionally, participants must share an initial data reuse strategy idea to develop over the course (max. 250 words) and their current CV. These should be uploaded in the call for application section on our \u003Ca href=\"https://www.datatank.org/data-stewardship-program\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">website\u003C/a> or directly via the application link above.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>If you have any questions reach out to: \u003Ca href=\"mailto:paulina.behluli@datatank.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">paulina.behluli@datatank.org\u003C/a> or \u003Ca href=\"mailto:natalia.mejia-pardo@datatank.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">natalia.mejia-pardo@datatank.org\u003C/a>\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/apply-now-and-join-the-data-stewards-intensive-course-2nd-edition-for-civil-society-in-berlin",{"title":557,"description":561},"apply-now-and-join-the-data-stewards-intensive-course-2nd-edition-for-civil-society-in-berlin","blogposts/apply-now-and-join-the-data-stewards-intensive-course-2nd-edition-for-civil-society-in-berlin",[349],"bV941nBblvFFNdTq0LkMbboAvw0__hGVOpJqjIsBOGU",{"id":572,"title":573,"author":42,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":574,"body":34,"category":349,"date":575,"description":576,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":573,"image":577,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":578,"meta":579,"navigation":15,"path":580,"registrationLink":34,"seo":581,"slug":582,"startTime":34,"stem":583,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":584},"blogposts/blogposts/the-future-of-research-funding-and-data-insights-from-the-desciberlin-2025-conference.json","The Future of Research Funding and Data: Insights from the DeSci.Berlin 2025 Conference",[],"2025-07-07T00:00:00","Earlier this month, I attended the DeSci.Berlin 2025 Conference at Molecule HQ, where scientists, blockchain developers, and investors gathered to examine how scientific research might evolve in the Web3 environment.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/ed81c6bb-d13a-41fb-b216-52b6aff99d12","\u003Ch1 id=\"the-future-of-research-funding-and-data-insights-from-the-desciberlin-2025-conference\">The Future of Research Funding and Data: Insights from the DeSci.Berlin 2025 Conference\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp>Paulina Behluli, The Data Tank\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Earlier this month, I attended the DeSci.Berlin 2025 Conference at Molecule HQ, where scientists, blockchain developers, and investors gathered to examine how scientific research might evolve in the Web3 environment. DeSci (short for decentralised science) aims to make scientific data, publications, and funding more accessible, transparent, and equitable by leveraging decentralised ledger technologies, smart contracts, and community-driven mechanisms, notably decentralised autonomous organisations (DAOs).\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Community-led DAOs, powered by smart contracts and running on blockchains, aim at being core \u003Ca href=\"https://www.molecule.to/blog/the-emergence-of-biotech-daos\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">infrastructure components of the DeSci ecosystem\u003C/a>. Their goal is to effectively coordinate scientific activities, suggesting new possibilities for how research initiatives might be funded, structured and managed. Examples of DAOs in the DeSci ecosystem are \u003Ca href=\"https://www.molecule.to/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Molecule\u003C/a>, an open-source platform for research-related IP, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.vitadao.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">VitaDAO\u003C/a>, funding research in longevity, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.hairdao.xyz/hair-token\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">HairDAO\u003C/a> offering hair loss treatment, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.curetopia.xyz/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Curetopia\u003C/a> attempting to eradicate rare genetic diseases, or \u003Ca href=\"https://www.valleydao.bio/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ValleyDAO\u003C/a>, offering funding for synthetic biology research. See \u003Ca href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/blockchain/articles/10.3389/fbloc.2024.1375763/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">this article\u003C/a> by Weidener and Spreckelsen for a broader landscape of the DeSci ecosystem (as of September 2023).\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>While the Berlin conference covered many important aspects of DeSci, an idea that struck was that data is still the most undervalued asset in decentralised science; yet, it remains the driver of scientific progress. While traditional scientific data practices often involve centralised databases and/or repositories, DeSci initiatives opt for secure sharing of data through smart contracts, which define access rules, ownership rights, and conditions for data usage.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>The Data DAO in Web3\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Among many inspiring talks, such as that of \u003Ca href=\"https://be.mit.edu/faculty/ed-boyden/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ed Boyden’\u003C/a>s on stimulating the brain in computer software, and many other investor panels, one presentation highly relevant to our work was that of Sergii Mikhtoniuk and the work behind \u003Ca href=\"https://www.kamu.dev/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kamu Data\u003C/a>. Sergii is building what we see as one of the most promising examples of a data collaborative for DeSci. Sergii started the presentation by addressing the anomaly of data reuse, or what we refer to as data asymmetries leading to a ‘\u003Ca href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/are-we-entering-a-data-winter-f654eb8e8663\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">data winter\u003C/a>’. Sergiis’ presentation raised important points on the need to build a collaborative data economy and highlighted the importance of data in DeSci. Kamu Data is building a global collaborative data processing network by transforming data into a ledger, maintaining publisher accountability and maximizing trust. The datasets provided by publishers are registered on the network and each publisher maintains complete ownership and control over the datasets. The data is then processed, but it can always be traced back to its initial source; regardless of processing frequency. In sum, Kamu Data aims to solve the challenges of research data management and enable sharing and reuse of scientific data. At The Data Tank, we believe that creating trusted data reuse environments majorly contributes to a fair and responsible data economy. It was encouraging to hear someone directly confronting the challenges of ethical reuse, data trust, and long-term utility.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*LPe9YH6mnugJdHbSK63b-w.png\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Yutong Liu & Digit / \u003Ca href=\"https://betterimagesofai.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https://betterimagesofai.org\u003C/a> / \u003Ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>The Missing Puzzle Piece: DAOs and Data Stewardship\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In our view, DAOs can be seen as sociotechnical systems where individuals and communities leverage digital infrastructure for a common purpose, sharing principles of collaboration and collective decision-making. In line with our \u003Ca href=\"#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">definition\u003C/a>, data stewardship represents functions and competencies to enable access to and re-use of data for public benefit in a systematic, sustainable, and responsible way. The data stewardship concept is deeply rooted in data collaboration and in enabling cross-sectoral data reuse. We see data stewards embedded in both the supply and demand sides of data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>DAO-governed data stewardship communities could also offer a promising avenue for DeSci. A potential solution could involve a DAO driven and governed by a community of active data stewards who would push for data-driven collective decisions while enabling access to their data for public good. Alternatively, a data stewardship DAO could simulate a data and AI sandboxing environment for Web3 and help with commercialising sandboxed ideas. In any case, by focusing on community-driven data governance and by incentivising data sharing, these DAOs could accelerate scientific discovery and unlock new commercial opportunities in the Web3 space.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>The Future of Science or a Parallel Universe?\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The DeSci.Berlin 2025 conference raised many important points about a potential future for scientific advancement. It is also worth noting that DAO investors are actively seeking to invest in promising DAOs. In addition, many biotech DAOs also got to share their stories, and some of them managed to commercialise their products faster than traditional biotech companies could — such as \u003Ca href=\"https://www.hairdao.xyz/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">HairDAO\u003C/a>. On top of this, many pharmaceutical corporations are increasingly investing in biotech DAOs, becoming strategic partners rather than competitors, for example — \u003Ca href=\"https://re.public.polimi.it/retrieve/7f854c33-4992-4584-a9af-6d0ecc71a2a8/42d19a79-4421-489e-9b8f-91016a120f55.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">VitaDao\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>DeSci initiatives can provide opportunities to leverage decentralised tools for enhanced data management, promote open access to research, and foster broader public engagement in scientific endeavours. All this said, a few questions remain open: Is DeSci the future of science or a parallel universe? Would a data stewardship DAO contribute towards that future? Can participatory methods and community led initiatives learn from this emerging and rapidly evolving field, positively disrupting the market?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>If you’re interested to learn more about our work and have these discussions, reach us out at \u003Ca href=\"mailto:comms@datatank.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">comms@datatank.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>Acknowledgments:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>I would like to thank Dr. Marta Poblet Balcell for her insightful feedback on the blog draft and for providing valuable resources.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/the-future-of-research-funding-and-data-insights-from-the-desciberlin-2025-conference",{"title":573,"description":576},"the-future-of-research-funding-and-data-insights-from-the-desciberlin-2025-conference","blogposts/the-future-of-research-funding-and-data-insights-from-the-desciberlin-2025-conference","Zrm2sdOJ--Bp0FcY1ebBa76YZ1iWrlfhmW-fAEtXYLc",{"id":586,"title":587,"author":588,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":589,"body":34,"category":338,"date":590,"description":591,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":587,"image":592,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":593,"meta":594,"navigation":15,"path":595,"registrationLink":34,"seo":596,"slug":597,"startTime":34,"stem":598,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":599},"blogposts/blogposts/fourth-wave-of-open-data-seminar-data-commons-for-the-public-good.json","Fourth Wave of Open Data Seminar: Data Commons for the Public Good","Christopher Rosselot, Andrew J. Zahuranec, and Stefaan Verhulst",[],"2025-06-13T20:44:08","How can we build and sustain data commons that balance openness, and trust, while fueling innovation for the public good? Can they ensure…","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/58566a2f-4d49-47d4-a657-eaaa619694bf","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"7071\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Fourth Wave of Open Data Seminar: Data Commons for the Public Good\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"e1c6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">by Christopher Rosselot, Andrew J. Zahuranec, and Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"79f2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">How can we build and sustain data commons that balance openness, and trust, while fueling innovation for the public good? Can they ensure that communities and other networks have a say in how their data is used? Can they ensure that public interest organizations can get access to the data they need to meet societal challenges?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"bd64\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In “Data Commons for the Public Good,” the Open Data Policy Lab’s fourth panel on the Fourth Wave of Open Data, Vivienne Ming (Chief Scientist, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.thehumantrust.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.thehumantrust.org/\">The Human Trust\u003C/a>), Angie Raymond (Director of Data Management and Information Governance, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://ostromworkshop.indiana.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://ostromworkshop.indiana.edu/\">Ostrom Workshop\u003C/a>), Heather Coates (Data Steward & Data Librarian, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://datamanagement.iu.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://datamanagement.iu.edu/\">Indiana University\u003C/a>), and Alek Tarkowski (Director of Strategy, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://openfuture.eu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://openfuture.eu/\">Open Future\u003C/a>) joined The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst to answer these questions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"eba0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Together, they discussed design principles, co-creation, and purpose of data commons.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"401f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p\">\u003Ciframe src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/m7XpxubOqsM?feature=oembed\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"3f60\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Design Principles and Incentives\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"859e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The discussion began by asking participants about the foundational aspects of data commons arrangements. What principles guide data commons? How is understanding and trust created among those that provide and use data within the commons?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"09bf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Vivienne Ming responded to the questions by explaining design principles guide \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.thehumantrust.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.thehumantrust.org/\">The Human Trust\u003C/a>’s use of unstructured human development data to build biobehavioral foundation models.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"dba1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Instead of predicting the next word in a sentence, we want to predict the next beat in a lifetime,” Ming said.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2048\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">According to Ming, the Trust’s data-pooling model removes data ownership as the factor that complicates and slows down innovation. Developers using the Trust’s data should be able to touch the entire dataset, generate new data, and add value back in.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1a32\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Trust depends on individuals providing personal and sensitive data including medical, education, and legal records. Ming made the case that both individuals providing data and groups needing access to data stand to benefit from a data commons approach. Data contributors receive wellness recommendations while entrepreneurs and researchers get to interact with large datasets to which they would not otherwise have. Access at large scale is not often accessible given the proprietary nature of traditional, privately-held governance models.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2cd9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Angie Raymond from the Ostrom Workshop pointed the audience to a\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.mozillafoundation.org/en/blog/a-practical-framework-for-applying-ostroms-principles-to-data-commons-governance/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.mozillafoundation.org/en/blog/a-practical-framework-for-applying-ostroms-principles-to-data-commons-governance/\"> December 2021 article\u003C/a> on how to apply Elinor Ostrom’s eight design principles to data commons governance:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"8cd4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Clearly-defined boundaries;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"3193\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Appropriate rules;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"db52\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Collective choice;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"8684\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Monitoring;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"933b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Sanctions;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"8430\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Conflict resolution mechanisms;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"c8a8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Right to self-governance; and\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"fcd1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Interoperability.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"bc3a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">Raymond distinguished between data commons and trusts, referencing that different types of collaborative data governance models (e.g. commons, trusts) are needed based on the relative sensitivity of data held within such models. In short, different approaches benefit different types of work.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"cce4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Problem Orientation and Co-Creation\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"252d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The participants then discussed how data commons facilitate cooperation. They noted that the data commons governance model exists to drive responsible use of open data in solving public problems. Commons should be problem-oriented and co-created.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f336\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In the context of academic research, Heater Coates from Indiana University referenced the need to shift mindsets from extracting data and delivering solutions to prototyping tools that then allow the community to co-create data and data applications.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ad75\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“How do we begin to work with the community and not study them?” Coates said.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"429f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Vivienne Ming agreed, saying, “To me, it’s like hammers for good. Don’t hit people with hammers; build things. We can get caught up in building these frameworks or these philosophical commitments when the starting point for doing good with AI is problem-solving and problem-solving means owning the whole problem.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6adc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As institutions, such as research bodies at universities, must contract with entities and not individuals, a crucial step in co-creation is recognizing data providers as communities and not just individuals.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"353b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Alek Tarkowski continued the argument for protecting collective data rights, particularly in the context of linguistic data, by pointing to the\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://bigscience.huggingface.co/blog/bloom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://bigscience.huggingface.co/blog/bloom\"> Bloom GenAI model\u003C/a> from BigScience in 2022. The data commons governance model holds promise for GenAI applications when considered as a framework for data collection.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"191a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Future and Purpose of Data Commons\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"84d8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Data collaboration for AI-usable data is still in its infancy. Experimentation is needed to determine what governance models are fit for which purposes. This teed up Stefaan Verhulst’s final question to the panelists: How is purpose defined in a commons-focused manner, and what questions should be prioritized?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d32c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For the Human Trust, Vivienne stated, the board simply asks, “Does this project (that uses Human Trust data) advance Human Development?” If so, the board grants approval.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"cea8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Angie Raymond remarked that amid a data explosion (and the potential for a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/are-we-entering-a-data-winter-f654eb8e8663\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/are-we-entering-a-data-winter-f654eb8e8663\">data winter\u003C/a>), granularity on the types of data is essential. Heather Coates added that the question space originates in relationships and co-creation.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2504\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Alek Tarkowski closed out the seminar by pointing to\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.cip.org/alignmentassemblies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.cip.org/alignmentassemblies\"> alignment assemblies\u003C/a> as a vehicle for using collective intelligence to define the “good” that AI can help create.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"e64f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">***\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"06f2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">These are just a few of the reflections offered in our latest seminar on the Fourth Wave of Open Data. To follow the full discussion, watch the video here.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2661\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Stay tuned for the announcement of our final seminar and our forthcoming State of Open Data Policy Summit, which will examine larger challenges and trends.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/fourth-wave-of-open-data-seminar-data-commons-for-the-public-good",{"title":587,"description":591},"fourth-wave-of-open-data-seminar-data-commons-for-the-public-good","blogposts/fourth-wave-of-open-data-seminar-data-commons-for-the-public-good","UHxA3Hp2kvOfv-aXpc4mLFccQvR-BrLHuyF0CfM1vF0",{"id":601,"title":602,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":603,"body":34,"category":44,"date":604,"description":605,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":602,"image":606,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":607,"meta":608,"navigation":15,"path":609,"registrationLink":34,"seo":610,"slug":611,"startTime":34,"stem":612,"tags":613,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":615},"blogposts/blogposts/signals-of-demand-what-the-new-commons-challenge-tells-us-about-the-need-and-opportunity-of-data.json","Signals of Demand: What the New Commons Challenge Tells Us About the Need and Opportunity of Data",[],"2025-06-12T15:55:03","With over 170 applicants spread across six continents and countless sectors, it's clear that there is an urgent need for resources to...","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/a5c6d041-91be-4a54-af6d-cae9e144638f","\n\u003Csection name=\"4e17\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"6721\" id=\"6721\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Signals of Demand: What the New Commons Challenge Tells Us About the Need and Opportunity of Data Commons\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"e3d1\" id=\"e3d1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">With over 170 applicants spread across six continents and countless sectors, it’s clear that there is an urgent need for resources to develop data commons.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"763d\" id=\"763d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Last week, we closed applications for our \u003Ca href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/the-new-commons-challenge-advancing-ai-for-public-good-through-data-commons\" data-href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/the-new-commons-challenge-advancing-ai-for-public-good-through-data-commons\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">New Commons Challenge\u003C/a> — an open innovation challenge seeking to foster the use of data commons for the development of AI for local decision-making and humanitarian response.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4975\" id=\"4975\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The response to the New Commons Challenge has been a powerful signal of the growing interest in data commons as a catalyst for public interest AI and locally grounded impact. Between April and June, we received \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">173 submissions \u003C/strong>from around the world.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6d8d\" id=\"6d8d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Although the Challenge focused on two priority areas — humanitarian response and local decision-making — the proposals spanned a wide range of data types and use cases.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"afe4\" id=\"afe4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As we move into Phase Two, we are leveraging the current review process as a listening exercise — helping us gauge the appetite for and potential of data commons around the world. What kinds of initiatives are resonating most with AI, data and other practitioners? Where is this momentum coming from — and what can it tell us about the emerging future of collaborative data governance?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6dcc\" id=\"6dcc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Geography\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1e8e\" id=\"1e8e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Of the 173 submissions, 154 are eligible for the current Phase One review. These entries span 51 countries from across the world and reflect the widespread global interest in data commons initiatives.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"5085\" id=\"5085\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*TTmyc-nC1TCnXrbE\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"684\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*TTmyc-nC1TCnXrbE\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">A summary of which regions applicants submitted proposals from\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cfigure name=\"903f\" id=\"903f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--figure\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*FQLo5WqJHv3GojfD\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"825\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*FQLo5WqJHv3GojfD\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">A mapping of the cities that applicants indicated they were submitting proposals from\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"ce92\" id=\"ce92\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Award Type\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0b3e\" id=\"0b3e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Submissions fall into two categories: 103 entries (67%) for Award 1, focusing on creating a new data commons, and 51 entries (33%) for Award 2, focusing on enhancing an existing data commons.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bbef\" id=\"bbef\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">All applicants have to be affiliated with an established organization, and submissions primarily come from non-profits, start-ups, and research organizations (universities or research institutions).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"78fb\" id=\"78fb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Applicants\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"bcae\" id=\"bcae\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*xyQMINSDG2N0CS_Z\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"696\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*xyQMINSDG2N0CS_Z\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">A breakdown of the types of entities that submitted proposals\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"baff\" id=\"baff\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data and Submission Type\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ea90\" id=\"ea90\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Nearly all submissions involve multiple types of data, but the most common dataset types included:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"35ce\" id=\"35ce\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Text or unstructured data (language and linguistics, legal data, research and education, news and media, biomedical data)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2f3f\" id=\"2f3f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Structured data (e.g. national statistics, sensor networks, administrative data)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b97f\" id=\"b97f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Imagery (e.g. knowledge graphs, spatial images, artwork, data visualizations, geospatial datasets)\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"dcb1\" id=\"dcb1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">Many submissions also incorporated audio and video data, signaling a clear broadening of the types of data being considered for use in data commons. This trend reflects a growing recognition that multimodal data can offer valuable insights, especially when designing AI systems responsive to local needs and contexts.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c007\" id=\"c007\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The New Commons Challenge is specifically interested in data commons that support disaster response or local decision-making. Around \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">75 submissions\u003C/strong> focused exclusively on supporting local decision making. Of the\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> 69 total submissions\u003C/strong> focused on humanitarian response, the vast majority also discussed how their data commons would support local decision making in crisis response or prevention.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f6cd\" id=\"f6cd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Next Steps: Phase Two\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c848\" id=\"c848\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">After we conclude our review of Phase One concept notes, selected applicants will be invited to submit a full proposal outlining their use case and implementation. An \u003Ca href=\"https://newcommons.ai/judges\" data-href=\"https://newcommons.ai/judges\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">interdisciplinary group\u003C/a> will assess proposals for feasibility, innovation, and impact potential.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"57e9\" id=\"57e9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Of the shortlisted applications, two teams will each receive $100,000 in funding, along with mentorship, networking opportunities, and global exposure to support the execution of their data commons.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"34d4\" id=\"34d4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Decisions will be finalized in the coming months. To learn more about The New Commons Challenge, you can visit \u003Ca href=\"http://newcommons.ai\" data-href=\"http://newcommons.ai\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">newcommons.ai\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/signals-of-demand-what-the-new-commons-challenge-tells-us-about-the-need-and-opportunity-of-data",{"title":602,"description":605},"signals-of-demand-what-the-new-commons-challenge-tells-us-about-the-need-and-opportunity-of-data","blogposts/signals-of-demand-what-the-new-commons-challenge-tells-us-about-the-need-and-opportunity-of-data",[614],"new commons","ebrd9F0sIrbHh1K60P8OrS_OScLMosHE0Ip1zmsmOpo",{"id":617,"title":618,"author":619,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":620,"body":34,"category":99,"date":621,"description":622,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":618,"image":623,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":624,"meta":625,"navigation":15,"path":626,"registrationLink":34,"seo":627,"slug":628,"startTime":34,"stem":629,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":630},"blogposts/blogposts/making-civic-trust-less-abstract-a-framework-for-measuring-trust-within-cities.json","Making Civic Trust Less Abstract: A Framework for Measuring Trust Within Cities","Andrew J. Zahuranec",[],"2025-06-05T00:00:00","This report proposes a practical framework for city officials to diagnose and strengthen civic trust through observable indicators and…","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/20977738-f971-4fb5-ad10-a735946a47c1","\u003Ch1 id=\"making-civic-trust-less-abstract-a-framework-for-measuring-trust-within-cities\">Making Civic Trust Less Abstract: A Framework for Measuring Trust Within Cities\u003C/h1> \u003Ch2 id=\"making-civic-trust-less-abstract-a-framework-for-measuring-trust-within-cities-1\">\u003Cstrong>Making Civic Trust Less Abstract: A Framework for Measuring Trust Within Cities\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>\u003Cem>A new report on how governments can measure trust in their services and make responsive improvements.\u003C/em>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>By Claire Skatrud, Andrew J. Zahuranec, and Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Civic trust is essential for strong, functional communities and effective governments. It gives institutions the license to operate. It allows people to form relationships within their communities.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>However, trust is also abstract and little understood. It is difficult to \u003Ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-22261-5_2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">define\u003C/a> and even more difficult to quantify. For city leaders, this presents a conundrum: How can they act to improve civic trust if they don’t fully understand what it looks like?\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The GovLab, together with the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nyc.gov/site/civicengagement/index.page\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">New York City Civic Engagement Commission\u003C/a>, has sought to answer this question through its latest publication: \u003Ca href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/MakingCivicTrustLessAbstract.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem>Making Civic Trust Less Abstract: A Framework for Measuring Trust Within Cities\u003C/em>\u003C/a>.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:554/1*3aSxZdEcoqSDGaf66Bns_A.png\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Cover of the new report\u003C/p> \u003Cp>This report proposes a practical framework for city officials to diagnose and strengthen civic trust through observable indicators and actionable interventions. Rather than attempting to quantify trust as an abstract concept, the framework distinguishes between the drivers of trust — direct experiences and institutional interventions — and its manifestations, both emotional and behavioral.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*FeNoeyTObhYnhSCZ\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>This content is then followed by an \u003Cstrong>Implementation Framework,\u003C/strong> a guide intended to help government officials design specific interventions that can mitigate or reinforce certain behaviors or emotions. Drawing on literature reviews, expert workshops, and field engagement with the New York City Civic Engagement Commission (CEC), the report presents a three-phase approach: (1) baseline assessment of trust indicators, (2) analysis of causal drivers, and (3) design and continuous evaluation of targeted interventions.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*MNbLoQLecVduJUXz\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The framework is demonstrated through a hypothetical case study exploring the implementation in a municipal parks department, and a real-world case study of the citywide participatory budgeting initiative, The People’s Money.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>It concludes with an interactive checklist**** of behavioral indicators, trust drivers, possible interventions, and context-specific considerations for different agencies;\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Read the full report \u003Ca href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/MakingCivicTrustLessAbstract.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">HERE\u003C/a>.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>For questions or feedback, please reach out to us at datastewards@thegovlab.org.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/making-civic-trust-less-abstract-a-framework-for-measuring-trust-within-cities",{"title":618,"description":622},"making-civic-trust-less-abstract-a-framework-for-measuring-trust-within-cities","blogposts/making-civic-trust-less-abstract-a-framework-for-measuring-trust-within-cities","psoQ_gtSUOKWRTAaPbsd-tTyyG-6iZEFd2G2kCPtGP8",{"id":632,"title":633,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":634,"body":34,"category":338,"date":635,"description":636,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":633,"image":637,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":638,"meta":639,"navigation":15,"path":640,"registrationLink":34,"seo":641,"slug":642,"startTime":34,"stem":643,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":644},"blogposts/blogposts/fourth-wave-of-open-data-seminar-future-proofing-open-data-making-data-ai-ready.json","Fourth Wave of Open Data Seminar: Future-Proofing Open Data: Making Data AI-Ready",[],"2025-06-03T18:35:03","On 5 May, the discussion looked at something more foundational: How do we make data ready for AI? How do we future-proof open data?","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/38178f1c-5c65-46db-bfe6-6ea99b5577e2","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"8291\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Fourth Wave of Open Data Seminar: Future-Proofing Open Data: Making Data AI-Ready\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"6aa7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This blog is part of a continuing series on the Fourth Wave of Open Data. To read our first blog in the series, click the link \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/fourth-wave-of-open-data-seminar-why-the-fourth-wave-matters-4ebc979821a9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/fourth-wave-of-open-data-seminar-why-the-fourth-wave-matters-4ebc979821a9\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c51d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Over the last three months, the Open Data Policy Lab has explored how the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/new-report-a-fourth-wave-of-open-data-exploring-the-spectrum-of-scenarios-for-open-data-and-generative-ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/new-report-a-fourth-wave-of-open-data-exploring-the-spectrum-of-scenarios-for-open-data-and-generative-ai\">Fourth Wave of Open Data\u003C/a> fundamentally changes the way we conceive of the open data movement.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3081\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In the first episode, we spoke with leading data practitioners about how the combination of open data and generative AI offers significant potential. In the second episode, we discussed how open data might be made conversational through the application of AI tools.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2b34\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">On 5 May, the discussion looked at something more foundational: How do we make data ready for AI? How do we future-proof open data?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"68f1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Joined by an international panel of experts that included \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Stefan Baack \u003C/strong>(Mozilla Foundation), \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Zhamak Dehghani \u003C/strong>(Nextdata), and \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Chris Shaffer \u003C/strong>(BrightQuery), Stefaan sought to understand what AI readiness for open data means and what strategies we might pursue regarding data curation, standardization, and quality.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"ea8c\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p\">\u003Ciframe src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/iHEzIofEu3k?feature=oembed\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"497a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Research on Open Datasets for LLM Training\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a056\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The conversation opened with a brief discussion with Stefan Baack on \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://blog.mozilla.org/en/mozilla/dataset-convening/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://blog.mozilla.org/en/mozilla/dataset-convening/\">recent research\u003C/a> from the Mozilla Foundation and EleutherAI that examined best practices for creating open datasets for LLM training.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d6a5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As he noted, the piece was the result of a short workshop, one that asked the question, “Is copyrighted data truly essential to build AI data or can we rely on openly licensed datasets to make AI more equitable?”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8af7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The results, which included the inputs of 30 AI scholars and practitioners, found significant opportunities to build open, transparent datasets for AI development.Acting on this potential meant overcoming certain challenges — principal among them scalability.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"88fc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“I would summarize all the challenges that were identified as a lack of scalable solutions to identify and acquire this kind of data, scalable is really the key word here,” said Stefan.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"4692\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">He noted that there was no shortage of permissibly licensed material. Much of this work existed in the public domain due to a failure to renew copyright. However, much of this content has never been digitized or has poor Optimal Character Recognition (OCR), which is needed to train data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"462a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Still other material existed on HTML pages with non-standard terms of use or with terms that required a human operator to understand. A page with a Creative Commons license might only intend part of the page to be in the commons, not everything in its entirety.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"9a9a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The paper identified possible solutions to address these problems. The open data movement could develop technical standards to encode preferences throughout the web on how it wants data to be used and not used (e.g. explicitly indicating what content should not be used for AI training). There could also be greater effort around making terms of use more machine readable.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1b27\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">What Stefan closed on, though, was a call to build a community of AI curators around shared interest, curators who could better define these conversations and identify the specific solutions needed for their domain.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3e4c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“I think there needs to be a community made up of both AI builders and open data curators around shared interest. I think it is important that the AI community is not just a consumer of open data, but also in various forms, a contributor to it,” he said. “I think the Open Data community could be really important in developing [technical] standards and adopting them at scale.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a4ad\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Federated Models of Data Ownership\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"cc0b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Following these remarks, Stefaan turned to Zhamak Dehghani. Based on her experiences, he sought to understand how she saw data evolving. How did changes in how we handle data affect its readiness for AI?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a650\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Zhamak responded by noting that the challenges raised around data sharing, discoverability, and scalability had been a major focus of her work. At NextData, the solution they had settled on was one built around a federated model of data ownership.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a492\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“The reason for that is the problems that Stefan mentioned around discoverability, around understanding what the data is about and then how it can be used. […] We’re really looking at this intelligent block that can describe itself. It has all the metadata to describe itself. It can computationally govern whether this particular use case that is trying to access my underlying data ultimately should or should not be used.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"957c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“At NextData, we’re trying to solve this problem of data sharing at scale with trust and product thinking built into it with a technology that abstracts the complexity that sits beneath this concept of autonomous data as a product,” she continued.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"9515\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Stefaan followed up by asking if there were any ways we could accelerate this approach and what kinds of investments that would take.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0a77\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Zhamak responded by noting that standards always accelerate innovation. While they’re hard to get because they require people agreeing with one another, a few standards would at least start a conversation and allow for people to adapt that to their experiences.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"fd5e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“We need the hourglass of data innovation, a narrow waist with a small set of standards that, frankly, right now are missing, including those around access control.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"70d9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Building New AI\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b927\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Finally, Stefaan turned to Chris of BrightQuery. Noting that the organization had significant expertise working with statistical agency, including on \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://opendata.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://opendata.org\">opendata.org\u003C/a>, Stefaan wanted to know what challenges they saw emerging in the field and possible approaches to make data AI ready.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ec76\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Chris, in turn, drew on his recent project experiences. He spoke on his work with the US government to evaluate its data, build a government data chatbot, and help establish an open entity dataset.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3de1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The question of how to make open data AI-ready was one that came up very quickly in BrightQuery’s effort to evaluate government data. Namely, what does “AI-ready” mean?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"4a41\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">There’s AI ready for training an LLM, AI-ready for building a commercial chatbot that will provide the right answer, AI-ready for answering questions about structured data, and AI-ready for predictive analytics, among other applications.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3ae4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">BrightQuery thought about what the commonality between all these possible applications might be and settled on issues of accessibility and interoperability.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"403c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Of the things that we found is almost universal is we have to look at the difficulty of just crawling a website, scraping data off of it, pulling data from pulling information from OCR. And this is all data that is intended to be open. This is data that is published by government agency that’s intended to be as easy to work with as possible.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ec54\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">He also mentioned the importance of data provenance for building systems, noting that, when it comes to accurate AI results, having well-bounded data whose origin can be identified is critical.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"efa8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“It’s not only important enough to not abuse work that people put out into the wild. It’s also important just to get the answers right. You’ve got to know where every number is coming from. Not knowing if your financials might be coming from Reddit or a sci-fi book is terrifying.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2be4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">***\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0703\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">These are just a few of the reflections offered in our first seminar on the Fourth Wave of Open Data. To follow the full discussion, watch the video \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://youtu.be/iHEzIofEu3k\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://youtu.be/iHEzIofEu3k\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c336\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Stay tuned for our reflections on our next seminar “Data Commons for the Public Good”.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/fourth-wave-of-open-data-seminar-future-proofing-open-data-making-data-ai-ready",{"title":633,"description":636},"fourth-wave-of-open-data-seminar-future-proofing-open-data-making-data-ai-ready","blogposts/fourth-wave-of-open-data-seminar-future-proofing-open-data-making-data-ai-ready","YoHw3A_i8tPsnHA8z_rHeAxu-eqFqu-NzOD4hXDN1Bc",{"id":646,"title":647,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":648,"body":34,"category":349,"date":649,"description":650,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":647,"image":651,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":652,"meta":653,"navigation":15,"path":654,"registrationLink":34,"seo":655,"slug":656,"startTime":34,"stem":657,"tags":658,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":661},"blogposts/blogposts/last-call-submissions-to-the-new-commons-challenge-close-2-june.json","Last Call: Submissions to the New Commons Challenge Close 2 June",[],"2025-05-29T15:48:39","With only five days left to apply — the deadline being June 2, 2025 at 11:59 PM PT–prospective applicants are encouraged to submit their concept notes for the chance to receive $100,000 ","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/94e92a36-d8ea-4396-9dd6-be59f9ab94b1","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"9d82\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Last Call: Submissions to the New Commons Challenge Close 2 June\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"f436\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">On 14 April 2025, The Open Data Policy Lab, a collaboration between The GovLab at New York University and Microsoft, launched the \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">New Commons Challenge\u003C/strong>. This innovation challenge is an initiative aimed at advancing data commons for responsible AI development in service of the public good.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"58f4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">With only five days left to apply — the deadline being June 2, 2025 at 11:59 PM PT–\u003C/strong>prospective applicants are encouraged to submit their concept notes for the chance to receive \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">$100,000 \u003C/strong>in funding. Two winning organizations will be awarded grants to build data commons that drive ethical, impactful AI innovation.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2af9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Addressing an Urgent Need\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"6b58\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p\">\u003Ciframe src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/vXLMo2UXqHI?feature=oembed\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"444a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">As generative AI has grown more visible in society, there have been growing questions about how this tool can be used to address pressing social challenges. However, building these tools to produce meaningful results requires diverse, high-quality, and responsibly shared data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"384e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As the Open Data Policy Lab noted in its \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/data-commons-for-ai-blueprint.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/data-commons-for-ai-blueprint.pdf\">Blueprint to Unlock New Data Commons for AI\u003C/a>, data commons offer just this opportunity. These collaboratively governed data ecosystems that responsibly share high-quality, diverse datasets allow data suppliers to provide data to address urgent needs in ways that align with their needs and expectations.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b6f0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The New Commons Challenge is, thus, an attempt to put research into practice and data into action.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"003c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“By enabling new models of data stewardship, we aim to support AI applications that save lives, strengthen communities, and enhance local decision-making where it matters most,” said The GovLab Co-Founder and Chief Research and Development Officer Stefaan Verhulst in the launch of the New Commons Challenge.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2b79\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Submitting Your Application\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b818\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">With only a few days left to submit an application, The New Commons Challenge Team has developed a variety of resources to help potential applicants.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"fc94\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In addition to the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://newcommons.ai/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://newcommons.ai/\">main site\u003C/a>, which describes the Challenge and its focus, our team has created a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://newcommons.ai/faq\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://newcommons.ai/faq\">FAQ page\u003C/a> to respond to recurring questions that have arisen over the past few weeks. These range from questions around eligibility, the process itself, partnerships and scope, and the evaluation criteria.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"052d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We have also published a recording of one of our Challenge webinars, which ran through the Challenge and gave registered participants a chance to ask questions about the grant opportunity. That recording can be found on our website \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gKqNJam8iEI&embeds_referring_euri=https%3A%2F%2Fnewcommons.ai%2F&source_ve_path=Mjg2NjY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gKqNJam8iEI&embeds_referring_euri=https%3A%2F%2Fnewcommons.ai%2F&source_ve_path=Mjg2NjY\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ffb7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Additional questions and concerns can be directed to our email at \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"mailto:newcommons@opendatapolicylab.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"mailto:newcommons@opendatapolicylab.org\">newcommons@opendatapolicylab.org\u003C/a>. We will be closely watching this address over the next few days to ensure we answer all incoming queries.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f41c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">***\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"aab2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The New Commons Challenge closes in \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">five days\u003C/strong> but offers an exciting opportunity to build data commons that support the public interest. We urge you not to miss this opportunity to shape the future of data and AI for the public good.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"da34\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Learn more and apply now at \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://newcommons.ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://newcommons.ai\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">newcommons.ai\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/last-call-submissions-to-the-new-commons-challenge-close-2-june",{"title":647,"description":650},"last-call-submissions-to-the-new-commons-challenge-close-2-june","blogposts/last-call-submissions-to-the-new-commons-challenge-close-2-june",[659,660],"data commons","application","x6clfzAjO3FHGCMRMRmqgEoXWy0SzoHcfzaHa0xYLe0",{"id":663,"title":664,"author":665,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":666,"body":34,"category":99,"date":667,"description":668,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":664,"image":669,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":670,"meta":671,"navigation":15,"path":672,"registrationLink":34,"seo":673,"slug":674,"startTime":34,"stem":675,"tags":676,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":678},"blogposts/blogposts/reimagining-data-governance-for-ai-operationalizing-social-licensing-for-data-reuse.json","Reimagining Data Governance for AI: Operationalizing Social Licensing for Data Reuse","Adam Zable, Andrew J. Zahuranec, Stefaan G. Verhulst, and Peter Addo",[],"2025-05-13T15:27:17","A new report on how communities can gain a say in how their data is reused in AI systems.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/fdf02bbe-bc8e-416f-a467-9316c56ae010","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"c054\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Reimagining Data Governance for AI: Operationalizing Social Licensing for Data Reuse\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"802e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">A new report on how communities can gain a say in how their data is reused in AI systems.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d72d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">By Adam Zable, Andrew J. Zahuranec, Stefaan G. Verhulst, and Peter Addo\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"9336\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">As artificial intelligence systems become more reliant on data from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), fundamental questions arise about who controls that data and who benefits from its use and reuse. In many cases, the people and communities who generate this data have little say in how it’s used, and few mechanisms for recourse when harms occur.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0dca\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To address these challenges, The GovLab and Agence Française de Développement (AFD) have partnered on a new project exploring more equitable, participatory approaches to data governance in AI ecosystems. Today, we are pleased to release the outcome of that collaboration: \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Reimagining Data Governance for AI: Operationalizing Social Licensing for Data Reuse\u003C/em>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3f1c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The report introduces \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">social licensing\u003C/strong> as a practical, community-centered model for governing data reuse. In contrast to traditional frameworks based on static, binary, one-time consent, social licensing supports an ongoing process of engagement, negotiation, and accountability. It reframes data governance as a shared responsibility rather than an individual burden, enabling communities to define acceptable uses of their data and move toward ensuring those preferences are honored throughout the AI lifecycle.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"c593\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Uw_IwzINiHLIPXY6\" data-image-id=\"0*Uw_IwzINiHLIPXY6\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"907\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"40bc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Building on insights from the earlier AFD and Data Tank report \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.afd.fr/en/ressources/responsible-data-re-use-developing-countries-social-licence-through-public-engagement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.afd.fr/en/ressources/responsible-data-re-use-developing-countries-social-licence-through-public-engagement\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Responsible Data Re-Use in Developing Countries: Social Licence Through Public Engagement\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, which emphasized participatory engagement, this new report takes the next step by providing a practical roadmap for implementation. It positions the establishment of preferences and expectations through community engagement as the first phase of a three-part process (illustrated in the image above) and introduces a Social Licensing Toolkit containing three tools:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"f122\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">A questionnaire to facilitate structured community engagement;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"3332\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Sample legal clauses that embed community-defined preferences within enforceable agreements; and\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"7b40\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Scenarios illustrating how the tools can be applied in practice\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"e1ce\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">While the report focuses on the first two phases — establishing and documenting preferences — it also offers suggestions on how to approach enforcement. Strategies range from formal legal agreements and national regulations, to community-based oversight, intermediary governance models like data trusts and cooperatives, and even blockchain-based tools such as smart contracts and DAOs.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3761\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Recommendations for scaling and sustaining social licensing include:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"71e6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Piloting the model in diverse sectors to test, adapt, and refine it;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"d13c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Developing hybrid compliance mechanisms that combine legal, technical, and community oversight;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"8556\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Building capacity among governments, communities, and practitioners;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"00ec\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Embedding social licensing into procurement, funding, and policy frameworks;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"e506\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Creating a Center of Excellence to support implementation and learning; and\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"12ee\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Advancing research to measure impact and improve the model over time.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"be13\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Read the full report \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.afd.fr/en/ressources/reimagining-data-governance-ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.afd.fr/en/ressources/reimagining-data-governance-ai\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">HERE\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"836c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Explore the prior report by AFD and the Data Tank \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.afd.fr/en/ressources/responsible-data-re-use-developing-countries-social-licence-through-public-engagement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.afd.fr/en/ressources/responsible-data-re-use-developing-countries-social-licence-through-public-engagement\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">HERE\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7939\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Questions or feedback? Interested in applying social licensing in your work? Reach out to us at datastewards@thegovlab.org.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/reimagining-data-governance-for-ai-operationalizing-social-licensing-for-data-reuse",{"title":664,"description":668},"reimagining-data-governance-for-ai-operationalizing-social-licensing-for-data-reuse","blogposts/reimagining-data-governance-for-ai-operationalizing-social-licensing-for-data-reuse",[99,677,59],"social license","ZoRCKhQvfvUqhPJmmeX_6wUc6SCPMjSwZzP8z7HhbmA",{"id":680,"title":681,"author":682,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":683,"body":34,"category":44,"date":684,"description":685,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":681,"image":686,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":687,"meta":688,"navigation":15,"path":689,"registrationLink":34,"seo":690,"slug":691,"startTime":34,"stem":692,"tags":693,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":695},"blogposts/blogposts/the-overlooked-importance-of-data-reuse-in-ai-infrastructure-why-and-how-the-public-sector-can.json","The Overlooked Importance of Data Reuse in AI Infrastructure: Why and How the Public Sector Can…","Paulina Behluli and Annys Rogerson",[],"2025-04-23T00:00:00","Governments around the world have been rushing to celebrate public and private investments in artificial intelligence (AI) and AI’s supporting infrastructure in their country. ","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/fde4acd2-6477-49ce-89f6-e279ccaa52cd","\u003Ch1 id=\"the-overlooked-importance-of-data-reuse-in-ai-infrastructure-why-and-how-the-public-sector-can…\">The Overlooked Importance of Data Reuse in AI Infrastructure: Why and How the Public Sector Can Help\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Paulina Behluli\u003C/strong> , The Data Tank | \u003Cstrong>Annys Rogerson\u003C/strong> , Oxford Insights\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Governments around the world have been rushing to celebrate public and private investments in artificial intelligence (AI) and AI’s supporting infrastructure in their country. In France, President Emmanuel Macron proudly announced \u003Ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/technology/artificial-intelligence/france-invest-109-billion-euros-ai-macron-announces-2025-02-09/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">over €100 billion\u003C/a> in private investment in AI projects, including a \u003Ca href=\"https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/france-and-uae-to-invest-billions-into-1gw-european-ai-data-center/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">1GW\u003C/a> AI data centre. Meanwhile, in South Korea, acting President Choi Sang-mok unveiled plans to scale up its country’s national computing capacity by acquiring \u003Ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/technology/artificial-intelligence/south-korea-aims-secure-10000-gpus-national-ai-computing-centre-2025-02-17/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">10,000 high-performance GPUs\u003C/a>. Across the Atlantic, U.S. President Donald Trump introduced Stargate — a massive private sector initiative pledging up to \u003Ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/moorinsights/2025/01/30/the-stargate-project-trump-touts-500-billion-bid-for-ai-dominance/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$500 billion\u003C/a> into AI data centres across the United States.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Unlike compute capacity, built up through physical infrastructure investments, investments in enabling data access are a less common feature of government AI infrastructure announcements. However, investments to make data available and enable equitable access to it is crucial. Data is an equally important part of a country’s AI infrastructure and it faces capacity problems of its own. Currently data is siloed across, and hoarded within, organisations. For the announcements in AI investment to pay off, governments need to also think about their roles in facilitating responsible data reuse across their economies.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>Data reuse programmes for increased availability\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>One way governments can develop their data availability is through data reuse programmes.\u003C/strong> We refer to data reuse programmes as tailored data sharing projects that contribute to the broader data reuse ecosystem. Traditionally, data reuse programmes have often taken the form of open data portals or individual data sharing agreements managed on a case-by-case basis. However, governments have been taking the lead on some emerging, innovative kinds of data reuse programmes.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>For example, Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Administration facilitates individual users of its \u003Ca href=\"https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2022/12/29/2003791619\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">My Health Bank\u003C/a> app to share their health data with authorised third party app developers to enable the delivery of digital health services.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Another example can be drawn from the European Union. The EU is creating a common technical and governance infrastructure for sectoral \u003Ca href=\"https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/data-spaces\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dataspaces\u003C/a>. These are spaces that enable data sharing centered around a challenge area or theme, such as \u003Ca href=\"https://www.skillsdataspace.eu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">skills\u003C/a> or \u003Ca href=\"https://omega-x.eu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">energy\u003C/a>, open to any organisation or individual.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>This can be also seen in India, where the government is developing \u003Ca href=\"https://agristack.gov.in/#/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Agristack\u003C/a> to bring together disparate agricultural datasets, including plot and crop registries, to improve delivery of government schemes for farmers and access to data for agritech businesses.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>This approach is also evident in the\u003Ca href=\"https://www.ctdatacollaborative.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Counter Trafficking Data Collaborative\u003C/a> (CTDC); a global data hub on human trafficking. It aggregates and publishes harmonized data from multiple counter-trafficking organizations worldwide, facilitating comprehensive cross-border analysis to enhance evidence-based policy and programming. The programme has a hybrid funding model partially supported by the US and the Netherlands governments and international actors’ resources.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Despite these successes, data reuse programmes are experimental, which means they can be short lived or fail to get off the ground.\u003C/strong> In the UK the \u003Ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4880636/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NHS’ Care.Data\u003C/a> programme to centrally store and manage the sharing of patient data from health services across the UK, was \u003Ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/story/care-data-nhs-england-closed/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cancelled\u003C/a> after years of trying to manage concerns raised by both medical practitioners and patients. In Canada, the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/352779618_Data_Trusts_and_the_Governance_of_Smart_Environments_Lessons_from_the_Failure_of_Sidewalk_Labs%27_Urban_Data_Trust\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Urban Data Trust\u003C/a>, which planned to collect and manage data from activities in an area of Toronto went from a flagship smart city programme to cancelled before it began. These cases are however an opportunity for exploring why some programmes are not sustainable and how to ensure other programmes for data reuse they are.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>WIthout participation, there is no programme.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>A common thread that runs throughout the challenges faced by these programmes is participation.\u003C/strong> A data reuse programme involves creating an ecosystem where different stakeholders who have or need data come together. Therefore, a data reuse programme can only get off the ground, and grow, if it attracts and keeps an active group of participants for whom being part of the ecosystem is useful. Participants are people or organisations who are using or are affected by the data that is shared, or supplying the data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>The first set of challenges data sharing programmes can fail to meet relate to attracting and securing participation\u003C/strong>. Programmes failing to demonstrate a tailored value proposition to the targeted stakeholders will fail to attract participants. For example, when trying to involve private sector entities, making the business case for data sharing for the public good becomes more challenging, as traditionally the data is seen by some private actors as a monetary good. There is often a clear value for private companies in participating, including creating new revenue streams, new business model opportunities, social impact, or collaborative R&D projects. However these incentives need to be clear to them.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Even with a clear value proposition, participation \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-023-02029-x#:~:text=Lesson%204.%E2%80%83Reduce,no%20license%20restrictions.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">incurs a cost\u003C/a>. There are economic costs involved in sharing data, including preparing it and ensuring it complies with security policies. There are time costs involved in requesting and gaining access to data, including preparing data access applications. Programmes can reduce the entry-costs for participants in the data reuse ecosystem by ensuring the adequate infrastructure and governance in place (for example interoperability and clear policies on what metadata and standards are required.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Programmes can also obscure their value by failing to address common concerns that participants have about data sharing. Sharing data comes with an actual or perceived \u003Ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169023X24000041#sec0008:~:text=Data%20control%20is,data%2Dsharing%20process%3A\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">loss of control of that data\u003C/a> for the participant sharing it. This concern can be heightened when data is being shared between participants with low levels of trust for one another, or who are not used to collaborating. This may be the case in the context of public organisations sharing health data with private organisations like in the earlier example of sharing NHS data, where the public organisations taking part have privacy concerns. Alternatively, it could be that \u003Ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4371395/#sec13:~:text=distinction%20in%20DSAs.-,Market%2DBased%20Challenges,care%20entities%20operate%2C%20with%20clear%20implications%20for%20data%20sharing%20and%20governance.,-Lessons%20Learned%20and\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">participants may be private companies who are competitors\u003C/a>, and have concerns about their intellectual property or commercial interests. Ensuring participatory governance and engagement with relevant publics and participants who have a stake on the data can help build confidence and legitimacy between different parties.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>A second set of challenges relate to a programme’s ability to keep up and scale participation.\u003C/strong> One way for data reuse programmes to maintain and grow participants is to show the ecosystem (both the infrastructure and its governance) is trustworthy. Ensuring strict security standards, transparency in decision-making, or complying with legal frameworks are all ways to demonstrate the ecosystem is trustworthy.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>While data reuse programmes are often intended to facilitate innovation among their participants, their long-term viability can be jeopardised if programmes themselves don’t innovate too. Programmes need to learn about the needs of participants in the data reuse ecosystem so that they can improve their services to meet those needs. Some data reuse programmes, for example, offer \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-023-02029-x#:~:text=Lesson%205.%E2%80%83Data,usable%20and%20accessible.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">services\u003C/a> like data curation and harmonisation, or data analysis tools.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>These services can also be part of the business model and support the financial sustainability of the data reuse programme as long as it is not increasing the participation costs of its members or users.Data reuse programmes are often government-funded at the beginning and then may seek to reduce dependency on government funding over time, unless they are a well-supported long-term public infrastructure. Reaching a critical mass of participants in the ecosystem who are willing to pay, or voluntarily maintain open source software is a way to decrease dependency on public funding. Finding a business model suitable to the value proposition of the data reuse ecosystem, and that works for the type of participants, the data being shared, and how the data is being used, can be the breaking point of a programme.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>Pathways Forward: Data Stewards for Sustainable Data Reuse\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Employing data stewards and embedding responsible data reuse principles in the programme or ecosystem and within participating organisations is one of the pathways forward).\u003C/strong> Data stewards are proactive agents responsible for catalysing collaboration, tackling these challenges and embedding data reuse practices in their organisations.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The role of Chief Data Officer for government agencies has become more common in recent years and we suggest the same needs to happen with the role of the Chief Data Steward. Chief Data Officers are mostly focused on internal data management and have a technical focus. With the changes in the data governance landscape, this profession needs to be reimagined and iterated. Embedded in both the demand and the supply sides of data, data stewards are proactive agents empowered to create public value by re-using data and data expertise. They are tasked to identify opportunities for productive cross-sectoral collaboration, and proactively request or enable functional access to data, insights, and expertise.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>One exception comes from New Zealand. The UN has released a report on \u003Ca href=\"https://unece.org/sites/default/files/2024-04/ECECESSTAT20234.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the role of data stewards and National Statistical Offices (NSOs)\u003C/a> in the new data ecosystem. This report provides many use-cases that can be adopted by governments seeking to establish such a role. In New Zealand, there is an appointed \u003Ca href=\"https://data.govt.nz/leadership/gcds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Government Chief Data Steward\u003C/a>, who is in charge of setting the strategic direction for government’s data management, and focuses on data reuse altogether.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Data stewards can play an important role in organisations leading data reuse programmes. Data stewards would be responsible for responding to the challenges with participation introduced above.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>A Data Steward’s role includes attracting participation for data reuse programmes by:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Demonstrating and communicating the \u003Cem>value proposition\u003C/em> of data reuse and collaborations, by engaging in partnerships and steering data reuse and sharing among data commons, cooperatives, or collaborative infrastructures.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Developing responsible data lifecycle governance, and communicating insights to raise awareness and \u003Cem>build trust\u003C/em> among stakeholders;\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>A Data Steward’s role includes maintaining and scaling participation for data reuse programmes by:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Maintaining trust by engaging with wider stakeholders and establishing clear engagement methodologies. For example, by embedding a \u003Ca href=\"#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">social license\u003C/a>, data stewards assure the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.idsd.network/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">digital self determination\u003C/a> principle is embedded in data reuse processes.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Fostering sustainable partnerships and collaborations around data, via developing business cases for data sharing and reuse, and measuring impact to build the societal case for data collaboration; and\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Innovating in the sector by turning data to decision intelligence to ensure that insights derived from data are more effectively integrated into decision-making processes.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>The next series of government announcements:\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Moving forward, our organisations would like to see a new set of headlines. “The government has announced…\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Funding for data reuse programmes targeting cross-sectoral, economic, development, and societal issues.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Targeted data reuse for AI programmes as well as a review of how existing programmes can better meet needs of AI developers.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Opening of the position of Chief Government Data Steward and agency-level Data Stewards. (\u003Cem>In charge of developing responsible data governance policies and appointing data stewards across institutions\u003C/em>)\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>The establishment of a collaborative, public-private data stewards association. (\u003Cem>An association of data stewards from public, private and third sectors aimed at identifying opportunities to advance the common good through data reuse and to share knowledge about common challenges\u003C/em>)\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>About The Data Tank\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The Data Tank is a non profit think-and-do tank based in Brussels with a global reach. Driven by values such as transparency, independence, inclusion, collaboration, and creativity, we help the society reuse data responsibly for the common good. We do so through research, training, collaboration, and creating safe spaces and institutions where data is reused responsibly. We also convene dialogues and expand the terms of the debate to include the public and commons-based dimensions of data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>About \u003Cem>Oxford Insights\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Oxford Insights is a public policy consulting firm committed to making technology work for the public good. It combines new thinking on technology and leadership with experience getting things done in government to increase the value and impact of public services. With focus areas in AI, emerging technologies, and open data alongside transparency, open government, and public service delivery, Oxford Insights works with organisations to ask the right questions and solve real problems. For more information or to get in touch, visit oxfordinsights.com\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>Image: Joahna Kuiper / \u003Ca href=\"https://betterimagesofai.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https://betterimagesofai.org\u003C/a> / \u003Ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\u003C/a>\u003C/em>\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/the-overlooked-importance-of-data-reuse-in-ai-infrastructure-why-and-how-the-public-sector-can",{"title":681,"description":685},"the-overlooked-importance-of-data-reuse-in-ai-infrastructure-why-and-how-the-public-sector-can","blogposts/the-overlooked-importance-of-data-reuse-in-ai-infrastructure-why-and-how-the-public-sector-can",[131,694],"public sector","hYh5d49nAL9rmqoJCItjxFRX9TaAyZtq3Lx3RGzGDo4",{"id":697,"title":698,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":699,"body":34,"category":44,"date":700,"description":701,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":698,"image":702,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":703,"meta":704,"navigation":15,"path":705,"registrationLink":34,"seo":706,"slug":707,"startTime":34,"stem":708,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":709},"blogposts/blogposts/the-new-commons-challenge-advancing-ai-for-public-good-through-data-commons.json","The New Commons Challenge: Advancing AI for Public Good through Data Commons",[],"2025-04-14T13:20:37","$200,000 in funding available for innovative data commons that enhance local decision-making and disaster response","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/b92be6e6-6f2f-4073-980a-617e7a72c4f2","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch2 id=\"7357\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure\">The New Commons Challenge: Advancing AI for Public Good through Data Commons\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp id=\"8db5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">$200,000 in funding available for innovative data commons that enhance local decision-making and disaster response\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ea49\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">NEW YORK CITY, New York\u003C/strong> — The Open Data Policy Lab, a collaboration between The GovLab at New York University and Microsoft, has launched the \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">New Commons Challenge\u003C/strong>, an initiative to advance the responsible reuse of data for AI-driven solutions that enhance local decision-making and humanitarian response.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"725a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Challenge will award two winning institutions \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">$100,000 each\u003C/strong> to develop data commons that fuel responsible AI innovation in these critical areas.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"e986\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">With the increasing use of generative AI in crisis management, disaster preparedness, and local decision-making, access to diverse and high-quality data has never been more essential.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"debc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The New Commons Challenge seeks to support organizations — including start-ups, non-profits, NGOs, universities, libraries, and AI developers — to build shared data ecosystems that improve real-world outcomes, from public health to emergency response.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"40da\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Bridging Research and Real-World Impact\u003Cbr>\u003C/strong>“The New Commons Challenge is about putting data into action,” said Stefaan Verhulst, Co-Founder and Chief Research and Development Officer at The GovLab. “By enabling new models of data stewardship, we aim to support AI applications that save lives, strengthen communities, and enhance local decision-making where it matters most.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"9acb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Challenge builds on the Open Data Policy Lab’s recent report, \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">“Blueprint to Unlock New Data Commons for AI,”\u003C/strong> which advocates for creating collaboratively governed data ecosystems that support responsible AI development.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6ebe\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">How the Challenge Works\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7843\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The challenge unfolds in two phases: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Phase One: Open Call for Concept Notes (April 14 — June 2, 2025)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2820\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Innovators world-wide are invited to submit concept notes outlining their ideas. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Phase Two: Full Proposal Submissions & Expert Review (June 2025)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"bda6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Selected applicants will be invited to submit a full proposal\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"0b12\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">An interdisciplinary panel will evaluate proposals based on their impact potential, feasibility, and ethical governance.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"b973\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Winners Announced in Late Summer 2025\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a600\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Two selected projects will each receive $100,000 in funding, alongside technical support, mentorship, and global recognition.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"be3f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Generative AI can only be as powerful as the data that informs it. Microsoft is committed to advancing equitable access to public data that enables well-performing and representative AI solutions worldwide,” said Burton Davis, Vice President and Deputy General Counsel at Microsoft.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"dbb8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">A Growing Coalition of Support\u003Cbr>\u003C/strong>The Challenge is backed by leading institutions committed to ethical AI and open data. Partners include \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Direct Relief / CrisisReady\u003C/strong>, and \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Harvard Law School Library\u003C/strong>, and \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">UNESCO as international observer\u003C/strong>, which will provide subject-matter expertise and evaluation support.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f9e5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“We’re seeing a surge in AI-powered tools for disaster response and climate resilience,” said \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Andrew Schroeder, Vice President of Research and Analysis at Direct Relief and Co-Director of the CrisisReady project with the Harvard Data Science Initiative\u003C/strong>. “For these tools to produce genuine public benefit, they require \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">high-quality, diverse datasets\u003C/strong> — which is exactly what the New Commons Challenge is driving forward.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"99ef\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Harvard Law School Library’s \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Greg Leppert, Executive Director of the Institutional Data Initiative\u003C/strong>, added: “Expanding access to data is key to ensuring that, as the potential of AI grows, all of humanity is empowered along with it. Our work with libraries to publish vast data collections of knowledge is born from the same public-interest principles that animate this Challenge.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f68f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">UNESCO’s \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Guilherme Canela de Souza Godoi, Director for the Division of Digital Inclusion and Policies and Digital Transformation\u003C/strong>, emphasized the broader implications: “As we have been emphasizing in several multilateral recommendations and guidelines, ethical and human rights-based approaches must guide innovation. The New Commons Challenge offers a concrete framework for how data collaboration can align AI with societal needs.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"253b\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Join the Challenge\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"5f87\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">The New Commons Challenge is now open for applications. Interested participants can find more details, including the full challenge guidelines, at \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://newcommons.ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://newcommons.ai\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">newcommons.ai\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"e4f3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">For inquiries, please contact: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">newcommons@opendatapolicylab.org\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/the-new-commons-challenge-advancing-ai-for-public-good-through-data-commons",{"title":698,"description":701},"the-new-commons-challenge-advancing-ai-for-public-good-through-data-commons","blogposts/the-new-commons-challenge-advancing-ai-for-public-good-through-data-commons","8PLDT0nTOhCPS9OqG2UqVSZn8YtGnkLhDwUe3_lPGQM",{"id":711,"title":712,"author":154,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":713,"body":34,"category":34,"date":714,"description":715,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":712,"image":716,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":717,"meta":718,"navigation":15,"path":719,"registrationLink":34,"seo":720,"slug":721,"startTime":34,"stem":722,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":723},"blogposts/blogposts/unlocking-public-value-with-non-traditional-data-recent-use-cases-and-emerging-trends.json","Unlocking Public Value with Non-Traditional Data: Recent Use Cases and Emerging Trends",[],"2025-04-09T00:00:00","How emerging data sources are advancing public interest research — and pointing toward new opportunities for impact.","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*hTPygUBwZ1iSP8yh","\u003Ch1 id=\"unlocking-public-value-with-non-traditional-data-recent-use-cases-and-emerging-trends\">Unlocking Public Value with Non-Traditional Data: Recent Use Cases and Emerging Trends\u003C/h1> \u003Ch2 id=\"unlocking-public-value-with-non-traditional-data-recent-use-cases-and-emerging-trends-1\">\u003Cstrong>Unlocking Public Value with Non-Traditional Data: Recent Use Cases and Emerging Trends\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*hTPygUBwZ1iSP8yh\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6228efe9bbdd294f0d98edfe/t/6361b53bd7cff8433cae6780/1667347780763/Data4COVID19+Review_Full+Report_31.10.22.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Non-Traditional Data\u003C/a> (NTD) — digitally captured, mediated, or observed data such as mobile phone records, online transactions, or satellite imagery — is reshaping how we identify, understand, and respond to public interest challenges. As part of the \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/images/odpl/third-wave-of-opendata.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Third Wave of Open Data\u003C/a>, these often privately held datasets are being responsibly re-used through new governance models and cross-sector collaboration to generate public value at scale.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"#\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">In our previous post\u003C/a>, we shared emerging case studies across health, urban planning, the environment, and more. Several months later, the momentum has not only continued but diversified. New projects reaffirm NTD’s potential — especially when linked with traditional data, embedded in interdisciplinary research, and deployed in ways that are privacy-aware and impact-focused.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>This update profiles recent initiatives that push the boundaries of what NTD can do. Together, they highlight the evolving domains where this type of data is helping to surface hidden inequities, improve decision-making, and build more responsive systems:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Financial Inclusion\u003C/strong>\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Public Health and Well-Being\u003C/strong>\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Socioeconomic Analysis\u003C/strong>\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Transportation and Urban Mobility\u003C/strong>\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Data Systems and Governance\u003C/strong>\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Economic and Labor Dynamics\u003C/strong>\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Digital Behavior and Communication\u003C/strong>\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Ch2 id=\"financial-inclusion\">\u003Cstrong>FINANCIAL INCLUSION\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*rnenI1iVtOYmgRvC\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Jacobson, Jon. “How grocery shopping data is unlocking financial inclusion.” World Economic Forum. March 27, 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.weforum.org/stories/2025/03/how-grocery-shopping-data-is-unlocking-financial-inclusion/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.weforum.org/stories/2025/03/how-grocery-shopping-data-is-unlocking-financial-inclusion/\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Focus:\u003C/strong> Using grocery shopping behavior as a proxy for creditworthiness to expand financial inclusion.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data:\u003C/strong> Analyzed grocery transaction data using privacy-preserving technologies, combined with banking information, to assess individuals lacking formal credit histories. AI models identified behavioral signals — such as spending regularity and product choices — indicative of creditworthiness.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Impact:\u003C/strong> In South Africa, the initiative evaluated 8 million individuals previously deemed unscorable, with 3.2 million qualifying for credit. One bank projected a 29% revenue increase. The model is now considered a scalable blueprint for global financial inclusion.\u003C/p> \u003Ch2 id=\"public-health-and-well-being\">\u003Cstrong>PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELL-BEING\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:625/0*4OGkErkDy2ck4Rl9\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Menichetti, Giulia, Babak Ravandi & Albert-László Barabási. “Whole Foods vs. Walmart: New research reveals hidden realities of ultra-processed foods in stores.” Northeastern Global News, January 14, 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://news.northeastern.edu/2025/01/14/ultraprocessed-foods-grocery-stores/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://news.northeastern.edu/2025/01/14/ultraprocessed-foods-grocery-stores/\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Focus:\u003C/strong> Assessing the prevalence and variation of ultra-processed foods across major U.S. grocery retailers.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data:\u003C/strong> Researchers collected online ingredient lists from Target, Whole Foods, and Walmart and used machine learning to rate each product’s level of processing. The results were compiled into a public database (GroceryDB) and made searchable through the Truefood platform.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Impact:\u003C/strong> The study revealed the widespread presence of ultra-processed foods across major retailers and highlighted how food processing levels vary by store and product category. The findings offer new tools for consumers to make informed choices and for retailers to evaluate and improve the nutritional quality of their offerings.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*527rjBMs_TDuZDo_\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Zhang, Miao, Salman Rahman, Vishwali Mhasawade & Rumi Chunara. “Utilizing big data without domain knowledge impacts public health decision-making.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, September 17, 2024.\u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2402387121\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"> https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2402387121\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Focus:\u003C/strong> Evaluates how relying on street-level imagery (Google Street View) and AI to assess neighborhood walkability can mislead public health interventions if behavioral factors are not considered.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data:\u003C/strong> Analyzed 2 million Google Street View images using computer vision to identify sidewalks and crosswalks, linking these features to obesity and diabetes rates in New York City.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Impact:\u003C/strong> Found that physical inactivity is a key mediator — addressing behavioral factors yielded greater health benefits than modifying the built environment alone. The study cautions that using big data without understanding causal pathways can lead to flawed policy decisions.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*Gkgi7XYvIz7zQnFK\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Khan, Shehroz S., Pratik K. Mishra, Bing Ye, Smit Patel, Kristine Newman, Alex Mihailidis, and Andrea Iaboni. “A Novel Multi-modal Sensor Dataset and Benchmark to Detect Agitation in People Living with Dementia in a Residential Care Setting.” ACM Transactions on Computing for Healthcare, 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3720550\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://doi.org/10.1145/3720550\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong> : Introduced a benchmark dataset to support automated, real-time detection of agitation in people with dementia, using physiological signals collected in a residential care setting.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong> : Captured over 600 days of multimodal sensor data — including acceleration, blood volume pulse, electrodermal activity, and temperature — from 20 residents. Agitation events were annotated using nurse reports and validated through video footage.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Impact\u003C/strong> : Provides a high-quality, publicly available dataset to accelerate research on AI-driven, privacy-preserving monitoring systems in dementia care. Supports development of early warning tools that could improve staff response, reduce injuries, and enhance care quality in institutional environments.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*6zeOMSlVkMaA3ZMS\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Cummins, Jack A., Daniel J. Gottlieb, Tamar Sofer, and Danielle A. Wallace. “Applying Natural Language Processing Techniques to Map Trends in Insomnia Treatment Terms on the r/Insomnia Subreddit: Infodemiology Study.” Journal of Medical Internet Research 27, 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.2196/58902\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://doi.org/10.2196/58902\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong> : Analyzed online discussions to track how insomnia treatments — both prescription and over-the-counter — are discussed and perceived by the public.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong> : Applied natural language processing to 340,130 Reddit comments from r/insomnia (2008–2022), extracting sentiment and frequency trends for 35 treatment terms including medications, cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), and herbal remedies..\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Impact\u003C/strong> : Revealed evolving user attitudes and uptake of treatments like CBT-I and melatonin. Captured real-world behavior and sentiment often missing from clinical datasets, providing a complementary lens for public health monitoring of sleep-related interventions..\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*WF4g3wNX19Nnjw6I\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Hswen, Yulin, Qiuyuan Qin, Pressley Smith, et al. “Sentiments of Individuals with Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome Toward Pentosan Polysulfate Sodium: Infodemiology Study.” JMIR Formative Research 9, 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.2196/54209\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://doi.org/10.2196/54209\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong> : Explored patient sentiment and experiences related to the drug pentosan polysulfate sodium (PPS) for treating interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS).\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong> : Analyzed 354 posts from the Inspire online health forum using topic modeling and sentiment analysis to extract themes and emotional tone.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Impact\u003C/strong> : Found a balanced, neutral sentiment toward PPS, with users weighing side effects against benefits. Demonstrated how online support communities offer nuanced insights into patient perspectives, informing shared decision-making and supplementing clinical trial evidence.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:673/0*By06z55VsgM70GmJ\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Cesnakova, Lucia, Benjamin Vandendriessche, and Jennifer Goldsack. “Advancing the Use of Sensor-Based Digital Health Technologies (sDHTs) for Mental Health Research and Clinical Practice.” Wellcome Open Research, February 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://datacc.dimesociety.org/mental-health/#report\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://datacc.dimesociety.org/mental-health/#report\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Focus:\u003C/strong> Developed a strategic roadmap to support the broader adoption of sensor-based digital health technologies (sDHTs) in mental health care, particularly for conditions like depression, anxiety, and psychosis.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data:\u003C/strong> Synthesized evidence and expert insights from around the world on the use of passively collected sensor data — such as sleep, movement, heart rate, and smartphone interaction patterns — to detect behavioral and physiological markers of mental health.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Impact:\u003C/strong> Outlined actionable recommendations to validate, standardize, and scale sDHTs for use in both research and clinical settings. Aims to enable more personalized, accessible, and continuous mental health support through real-time, data-driven monitoring.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:400/0*VVmyctbqYfB45mjc\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Rajendran, Rajesh Kanna, Kokila S. S., Helen K. Joy, et al. “Leveraging Social Media and Natural Language Processing for Early Detection of Depressive Disorders.” In Demystifying the Role of Natural Language Processing (NLP) in Mental Health, IGI Global, 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-4203-9.ch011\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-4203-9.ch011\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Patro, Pramoda, Thulasi Bikku, Harinadh Karimikond, et al. “Analyzing Social Media Status to Predict Depression by NLP and ML.” In Demystifying the Role of Natural Language Processing (NLP) in Mental Health, IGI Global, 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-4203-9.ch003\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-4203-9.ch003\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Focus:\u003C/strong> These companion chapters investigate how social media and natural language processing (NLP) can be used to detect early signs of depression based on users’ online behavior and expression.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data:\u003C/strong> Analyzed thousands of text posts from platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, Reddit, and Instagram. Used NLP techniques — like sentiment analysis, topic modeling, and lemmatization — and trained machine learning models to classify depressive content.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Impact:\u003C/strong> Achieved high accuracy (often over 90%) in identifying depressive symptoms. Validated social media as a cost-effective, scalable source for mental health screening. Emphasized the need for multilingual, explainable AI to support equitable and responsible deployment in clinical and public health contexts.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*B3mvSoB0oCVNAU69\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>St-Onge, Guillaume, Jessica T. Davis, Laurent Hébert-Dufresne, et al. “Pandemic monitoring with global aircraft-based wastewater surveillance networks.” Nature Medicine 31 (2025): 788–796. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-025-03501-4\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-025-03501-4\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Focus:\u003C/strong> Assessed the potential of aircraft-based wastewater surveillance networks to detect emerging pathogens — such as novel SARS-CoV-2 variants — by modeling how disease signals travel through global air routes.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data:\u003C/strong> Combined viral RNA detection in aircraft wastewater with airline movement data and epidemiological modeling. Simulated global pathogen spread and detection across strategically selected airport sentinel sites.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Impact:\u003C/strong> Showed that a network of just 10–20 airports could identify outbreaks weeks earlier than existing surveillance systems, including inferring outbreak origins and transmissibility. Validated aircraft wastewater as a scalable, cost-effective early warning tool for global biosurveillance.\u003C/p> \u003Ch2 id=\"socioeconomic-analysis\">\u003Cstrong>SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:555/0*Oq4BjSOkEfQ5sdPw\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Naushirvanov, T., Elejalde, E., Kalimeri, K., Omodei, E., Karsai, M. & Ferres, L. “Evacuation patterns and socioeconomic stratification in the context of wildfires in Chile.” \u003Cem>arXiv\u003C/em>. October 8, 2024.\u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.06017\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"> https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.06017\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Focus:\u003C/strong> Analyzed how socioeconomic status influences evacuation patterns during wildfires in Valparaíso, Chile.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data:\u003C/strong> Used high-resolution mobile phone records from Telefónica to track individual movements before, during, and after evacuation events. Researchers inferred home locations and socioeconomic profiles based on census zones to assess disparities.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Impact:\u003C/strong> Lower-income individuals evacuated later, remained away longer, and traveled shorter distances, highlighting structural inequalities in disaster response. The study also validated mobile phone data against Meta’s crisis datasets, suggesting potential for combining both to enhance real-time disaster planning.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*XIveL--nuurOXv2f\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Xu, Fengli, Qi Wang, Esteban Moro, et al. “Using human mobility data to quantify experienced urban inequalities.” Nature Human Behaviour, 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-024-02079-0\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-024-02079-0\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong> : Introduced a new framework for measuring urban inequality through mobility patterns, emphasizing disparities in social interactions, facility access, and adaptability to shocks like pandemics or natural disasters.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong> : Synthesized large-scale, passively sensed human mobility data from smartphones, ride-hailing, shared bike, and social media platforms to model dynamic person–place networks over time.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Impact\u003C/strong> : Provided a scalable, data-driven method to trace lived urban inequalities beyond residential segregation. Enables policymakers to identify vulnerable populations and design equitable urban interventions responsive to real-world mobility behavior.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*2IjmX_iILFtbEYe4\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Bailey, Michael, Drew M. Johnston, Theresa Kuchler, Ayush Kumar, and Johannes Stroebel. “Cross-Gender Social Ties Around the World.” NBER Working Paper №33480, February 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nber.org/papers/w33480\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.nber.org/papers/w33480\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Focus:\u003C/strong> Measures global patterns of cross-gender friendships on Facebook to explore social integration and attitudes toward gender equality across nearly 200 countries.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data:\u003C/strong> Analyzed 1.38 trillion Facebook friendship ties from 1.8 billion users, using tie strength and gender metadata to develop subnational indicators of cross-gender connectedness.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Impact:\u003C/strong> Found that regions with more frequent cross-gender friendships tend to show stronger support for women’s rights in education, employment, and politics. Introduces a scalable, privacy-preserving proxy for measuring gender-based social segregation and its links to cultural and institutional norms.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:615/0*AlswlkjU6sLq4BQ1\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Lavista Ferres, Juan M. “What 40 Million Devices Can Teach Us About Digital Literacy in America.” Microsoft AI for Good Lab, February 15, 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/what-40-million-devices-can-teach-us-digital-literacy-lavista-ferres-50pyc\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/what-40-million-devices-can-teach-us-digital-literacy-lavista-ferres-50pyc\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Focus:\u003C/strong> Mapped digital literacy across 28,000 U.S. ZIP codes using behavioral data from 40 million Windows devices, revealing how Americans engage with technology beyond broadband access.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data:\u003C/strong> Used anonymized device-level software usage patterns to build two indices, which were released publicly: one measuring general digital engagement, the other focused on content creation and computational skills. Provided a detailed behavioral view of digital literacy absent from traditional surveys.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Impact:\u003C/strong> Revealed significant digital skill gaps tied to income and education, even in areas with strong broadband coverage. Exposed overlooked disparities within cities and helps inform more targeted digital inclusion strategies.\u003C/p> \u003Ch2 id=\"transportation-and-urban-planning\">\u003Cstrong>TRANSPORTATION AND URBAN PLANNING\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:631/0*vAY_173DjPn1phFy\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Urbano, Valeria Maria, Marika Arena & Giovanni Azzone. “Big data for decision-making in public transport management: A comparison of different data sources.” Research in Transportation Business & Management, March 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rtbm.2025.101298\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rtbm.2025.101298\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Focus:\u003C/strong> Evaluated how big data sources can support planning, operations, and performance measurement in public transport.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data:\u003C/strong> Researchers compared smart card, mobile phone, and automatic vehicle location data (AVL) from Lombardy’s transport systems, assessing each source’s quality and suitability using a framework structured across decision-making domains.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Impact:\u003C/strong> The study found that each data source offers distinct strengths and limitations, with mobile phone data supporting long-term planning, smart cards enabling detailed user segmentation, and AVL data enhancing real-time service monitoring. The findings underscore the value of data integration and help guide operators in selecting appropriate datasets for specific transit decisions.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:611/0*hojUI6L3Q4XzJzaE\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Guo, Hao, Weiyu Zhang, Junjie Yang, et al. “Data driven discovery of human mobility models.” arXiv, January 10, 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.05684\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.05684\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Focus:\u003C/strong> Automatically discovering mathematical models of human mobility to improve urban planning, transportation systems, and epidemic response.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data:\u003C/strong> Researchers applied symbolic regression to large-scale mobility datasets — including mobile phone data and census commuting flows — from China, the UK, and the US. The algorithm generated interpretable mobility models directly from observed data without relying on pre-defined formulas.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Impact:\u003C/strong> The method identified both established and novel mobility models, revealing spatial heterogeneity and improving prediction accuracy. The findings can inform targeted infrastructure design, public transit planning, and regional disease control strategies by offering a more precise, data-driven understanding of how people move.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*FVkFS4Sz3gqMblMo\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Yabe, Takahiro, Bernardo García Bulle Bueno, Morgan R. Frank, Alex Pentland & Esteban Moro. “Behaviour-based dependency networks between places shape urban economic resilience.” Nature Human Behaviour 9 (2025): 496–506. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-024-02072-7\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-024-02072-7\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Related Visualization:\u003C/strong> \u003Cem>Invisible Urban Dependencies: A Story Map by Northeastern University.\u003C/em> \u003Ca href=\"https://www.socialurban.net/dependency/#\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.socialurban.net/dependency/#\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Focus:\u003C/strong> Explored how human mobility patterns create hidden interdependencies between urban locations, influencing how economic shocks — such as pandemics — cascade through cities.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data:\u003C/strong> Used anonymized GPS traces from over 1 million devices across five U.S. cities, combined with point-of-interest (POI) data from SafeGraph. Built networks based on co-visitation patterns to model how foot traffic to one location affects broader urban activity.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Impact:\u003C/strong> Revealed that behavior-based dependency networks predict economic ripple effects with over 40% greater accuracy than distance-based models. Provided policymakers with tools to simulate how closures (e.g., schools, offices, transit hubs) can trigger cascading impacts — enabling more resilient, system-aware urban planning and infrastructure strategies.\u003C/p> \u003Ch2 id=\"data-systems-and-governance\">\u003Cstrong>DATA SYSTEMS AND GOVERNANCE\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*lliV2D_fyy8TRtuE\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Esko, Siim & Janet McLaren. \u003Cem>A Roadmap to Accessing Mobile Network Data for Statistics.\u003C/em> Global Partnership for Sustainable Development Data. March 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.data4sdgs.org/resources/roadmap-accessing-mobile-network-data-statistics\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.data4sdgs.org/resources/roadmap-accessing-mobile-network-data-statistics\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Focus:\u003C/strong> Provided guidance for national statistical systems on systematically accessing and integrating mobile network data into official statistics.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data:\u003C/strong> Outlined how mobile phone metadata — such as location traces and call records — can be repurposed to generate or enhance national indicators on population dynamics, mobility, migration, tourism, and disaster response. Synthesized global case studies and presents actionable steps for overcoming legal, technical, and institutional barriers to telecom data access.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Impact:\u003C/strong> Equips national statistics offices with a practical framework to form data partnerships with mobile operators. Has already supported mobile data initiatives in over 30 countries, boosting the quality, timeliness, and granularity of official statistics — particularly in low- and middle-income settings — and advancing responsible data governance.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:673/0*B_aeY-6ul0i5BR-X\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Goldfarb, Danielle. “Digital Data and Advanced AI for Richer Global Intelligence.” \u003Cem>Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI)\u003C/em>. March 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cigionline.org/publications/digital-data-and-advanced-ai-for-richer-global-intelligence/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.cigionline.org/publications/digital-data-and-advanced-ai-for-richer-global-intelligence/\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Focus:\u003C/strong> Examined how digital data and AI — particularly large language models — can complement or replace traditional public metrics in contexts of delay, manipulation, or absence.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data:\u003C/strong> Surveyed over a dozen global projects using digital traces — such as satellite imagery, online prices, ship sensors, mobile phone metadata, and job postings — paired with AI to generate real-time insights on inflation, inequality, pandemic spread, and supply chains.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Impact:\u003C/strong> Shows how combining non-traditional data with advanced analytics can close key information gaps in global governance. Calls for governments to treat these tools as public infrastructure — accessible, accountable, and designed with the public interest at their core.\u003C/p> \u003Ch2 id=\"economic-and-labor-dynamics\">\u003Cstrong>ECONOMIC AND LABOR DYNAMICS\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:639/0*zbD6VjSkeL_r4d4U\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Gimbel, Martha & Ernie Tedeschi. “The Economic Data You Need to Make Decisions Through Volatility.” Harvard Business Review, March 17, 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://hbr.org/2025/03/the-economic-data-you-need-to-make-decisions-through-volatility\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://hbr.org/2025/03/the-economic-data-you-need-to-make-decisions-through-volatility\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong> : Provided strategic guidance on managing economic uncertainty by incorporating faster, more adaptive data sources alongside official statistics.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong> : Highlighted the growing relevance of alternative indicators — such as real-time job postings, government spending data, and other high-frequency economic signals — for tracking volatility and identifying inflection points.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Impact\u003C/strong> : Promoted the use of agile, non-traditional data to enhance decision-making in policy and business during periods of rapid change. Emphasized complementarity with official statistics rather than replacement, reinforcing the value of a mixed-data ecosystem.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*OjM33mk7hVxTSfSo\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Lee, Kwok Kin. “Leveraging LinkedIn Data to Understand the Green and Digital Transformations in the Labor Market and the Future of Work.” \u003Cem>LinkedIn Jobs and Development\u003C/em> , March 28, 2025.\u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/leveraging-linkedin-data-understand-green-digital-kwok-kin-lee\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"> \u003C/a>\u003Ca href=\"https://datapartnership.org/updates/leveraging-linkedin-data-to-understand-the-green-and-digital-transformations-in-the-labor-market-and-the-future-of-work/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://datapartnership.org/updates/leveraging-linkedin-data-to-understand-the-green-and-digital-transformations-in-the-labor-market-and-the-future-of-work/\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Focus:\u003C/strong> Explored how digitalization and decarbonization are reshaping labor markets worldwide. Analyzed real-time trends in job postings and skill demands to support more adaptive workforce development and policy design.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data:\u003C/strong> Used LinkedIn’s labor market data — spanning job postings, hiring trends, and the prevalence of digital and green skills.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Impact:\u003C/strong> International organizations including the World Bank and IMF leveraged these insights to compare patterns across regions and sectors, helping policymakers anticipate geographic and sectoral disparities in the future of work. Informed targeted reskilling initiatives and identified early signals of AI and green job growth.\u003C/p> \u003Ch2 id=\"digital-behavior-and-communication\">\u003Cstrong>DIGITAL BEHAVIOR AND COMMUNICATION\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:689/0*ugELqmiyE0H6-Ypq\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Desiderio, Antonio, Anna Mancini, Giulio Cimini & Riccardo Di Clemente. “Highly engaging events reveal semantic and temporal compression in online community discourse.” PNAS Nexus 4, no. 3, March 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf056\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf056\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Focus:\u003C/strong> Explored how offline events reshape online conversation dynamics, revealing that high-attention events trigger faster, more emotionally charged, and linguistically repetitive discussions across Reddit political and sports communities.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data:\u003C/strong> Analyzed over 60 million Reddit posts and comments from 2020–2021. Applied temporal and semantic metrics to measure how discourse structure and user behavior respond to real-world events.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Impact:\u003C/strong> Found that intense offline events consistently compress online communication — accelerating interaction speed and narrowing linguistic diversity. Highlighted implications for content moderation, misinformation risks, and understanding digital collective behavior during crises or major news moments.\u003C/p> \u003Ch2 id=\"reflections\">\u003Cstrong>Reflections\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>The use cases above illustrate the potential and variety of non-traditional data in addressing public interest challenges — from improving dementia care or modeling economic ripple effects through urban foot traffic. A few key patterns stand out from this latest set of examples:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Health remains a leading domain,\u003C/strong> especially for behavioral and mental health insights. Sensor data, social media posts, and even aircraft wastewater are being repurposed to detect symptoms, surface patient sentiment, or expand the evidence base beyond clinical settings — often in near real time.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Mobility data is gaining prominence\u003C/strong> as a tool to understand inequality in cities. In particular, it has been leveraged to help track how people interact with infrastructure, adapt during crises, and move through cities in new ways.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Platform data is increasingly being used as a proxy for lived realities.\u003C/strong> Facebook friendship ties, LinkedIn job trends, and Reddit conversations can provide insights into gender norms, labor market shifts, and evolving health behaviors- turning “digital footprints” into social indicators.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Governance and infrastructure questions are surfacing more explicitly.\u003C/strong> As seen in the mobile data roadmap for national statistics and calls to treat AI-enhanced metrics as public infrastructure, there’s growing recognition that NTD re-use requires not just technical solutions, but sustainable, responsible governance.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>NTD is often complementary, rather than substitutive, to traditional data\u003C/strong>. Many of the strongest use cases integrate NTD with traditional sources (e.g., census, clinical, or administrative data) to produce more robust, context-rich insights. This hybrid approach can improve coverage, legitimacy, and policy relevance, especially in under-resourced or rapidly evolving settings.\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>Yet despite the momentum, much of this work remains fragmented or experimental. Moving from pilots to systems change will require key shifts, including:\u003C/p> \u003Col> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Legitimacy\u003C/strong> : Strengthen methodological approaches to address bias and representation, so that NTD earns broader trust among policymakers and researchers.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Social License\u003C/strong> : Work to ensure responsible reuse by developing participatory methods — tools that involve communities in setting research priorities and interpreting findings — rather than extracting data from them.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Data Stewards\u003C/strong> : Invest in the human infrastructure needed to connect data initiatives with public value — individuals and teams with the mandate and expertise to identify data needs, broker partnerships, set up governance frameworks, and embed responsible use.\u003C/li> \u003C/ol>",{},"/blogposts/unlocking-public-value-with-non-traditional-data-recent-use-cases-and-emerging-trends",{"title":712,"description":715},"unlocking-public-value-with-non-traditional-data-recent-use-cases-and-emerging-trends","blogposts/unlocking-public-value-with-non-traditional-data-recent-use-cases-and-emerging-trends","60HwhfRdjsG9wpDbaK9D02dgZGe5aDDIGl3bcR8K0AI",{"id":725,"title":726,"author":727,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":728,"body":34,"category":99,"date":729,"description":730,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":726,"image":731,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":732,"meta":733,"navigation":15,"path":734,"registrationLink":34,"seo":735,"slug":736,"startTime":34,"stem":737,"tags":738,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":741},"blogposts/blogposts/data-stewardship-decoded-mapping-its-diverse-manifestations-and-emerging-relevance-at-a-time-of-ai.json","Data Stewardship Decoded: Mapping Its Diverse Manifestations and Emerging Relevance at a time of AI","Stefaan Verhulst ",[],"2025-03-19T12:00:00","The paper subsequently outlines the core competencies required for effective data stewardship, explains the distinction between data stewards and Chief Data Officers (CDOs)...","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/070a9e93-2bdf-4e38-8d32-899a8ca3b94d","\u003Ch2>Data Stewardship Decoded: Mapping Its Diverse Manifestations and Emerging Relevance at a time of AI\u003C/h2>\n\u003Ch3>Abstract\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>Data stewardship has become a critical component of modern data governance, especially with the growing use of artificial intelligence (AI). Despite its increasing importance, the concept of data stewardship remains ambiguous and varies in its application. This paper explores four distinct manifestations of data stewardship to clarify its emerging position in the data governance landscape. These manifestations include a) data stewardship as a set of competencies and skills, b) a function or role within organizations, c) an intermediary organization facilitating collaborations, and d) a set of guiding principles. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cdiv>The paper subsequently outlines the core competencies required for effective data stewardship, explains the distinction between data stewards and Chief Data Officers (CDOs), and details the intermediary role of stewards in bridging gaps between data holders and external stakeholders. It also explores key principles aligned with the FAIR framework (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) and introduces the emerging principle of AI readiness to ensure data meets the ethical and technical requirements of AI systems. \u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv>\n\u003Cdiv> \u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv>\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/4c00b74b-f557-4d3a-af54-c40c56ab46ee.png?width=667&height=271\" alt=\"Screenshot 2026 03 06 at 17.17.17\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv> \u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv>The paper emphasizes the importance of data stewardship in enhancing data collaboration, fostering public value, and managing data reuse responsibly, particularly in the era of AI. It concludes by identifying challenges and opportunities for advancing data stewardship, including the need for standardized definitions, capacity building efforts, and the creation of a professional association for data stewardship.\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv> \u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv>To access the full paper, click on the following link: \u003Ca href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5124555\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Data Stewardship Decoded\u003C/a>\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>",{},"/blogposts/data-stewardship-decoded-mapping-its-diverse-manifestations-and-emerging-relevance-at-a-time-of-ai",{"title":726,"description":730},"data-stewardship-decoded-mapping-its-diverse-manifestations-and-emerging-relevance-at-a-time-of-ai","blogposts/data-stewardship-decoded-mapping-its-diverse-manifestations-and-emerging-relevance-at-a-time-of-ai",[59,113,250,739,740],"artificial intelligence","FAIR","VV34-cLR6E3_Yl26_GJOu2noitDJ7_dMEc7fmoxSuJ4",{"id":743,"title":744,"author":745,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":746,"body":34,"category":44,"date":747,"description":748,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":744,"image":749,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":750,"meta":751,"navigation":15,"path":752,"registrationLink":34,"seo":753,"slug":754,"startTime":34,"stem":755,"tags":756,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":757},"blogposts/blogposts/data-stewardship-trends-to-watch-april-2025-session.json","Data Stewardship Trends to Watch: April 2025 Session"," Stefaan Verhulst & Adrienne Schmoeker",[],"2025-03-18T12:00:00","Data stewardship has emerged as a cornerstone of responsible data and AI innovation. To support this growing field, The GovLab and The Data Tank have been offering executive education programs across Europe...","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/fd1c75cf-d7b9-4981-91ca-15966c5c1132","\u003Chgroup class=\"prose__header\">\u003C/hgroup>\n\u003Ch2>Data Stewardship Trends to Watch: April 2025 Session\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"prose__content\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Data stewardship has emerged as a cornerstone of responsible data and AI innovation. To support this growing field, The GovLab and The Data Tank have been offering executive education programs across Europe, the U.S., and online—equipping a global network of leaders to re-use data responsibly and with purpose. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">As part of this mission, the Data Stewardship Trends to Watch series offers a regular pulse on the latest developments in data governance and stewardship. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In the April 2025 edition, Stefaan Verhulst, lead of the Data Stewards Executive Courses, shared updates on:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">The increasing “data winter”;\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">The emergence of a 4th Wave of Open Data;\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">The importance of establishing a social license for data re-use; \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">The global state of data governance;\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">New data stewardship tools and resources;\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Use cases of data stewardship\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Check out the \u003Ca href=\"https://youtu.be/ftRAnicxoOM\">recording of this event\u003C/a> on The GovLab’s YouTube channel. The following resources were discussed during the session:\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>The Increasing “Data Winter”:\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://bit.ly/449TEFZ\">Global Population Data Crisis\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://bit.ly/41SdSmc\">AI Crawler Wars and the Closed Web\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://bit.ly/4iN0ntP\">Government Data Disappearing\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"http://bit.ly/4jaH3qj\">Trump Admin Plans to Cut Team Responsible for Critical Atomic Measurement Data\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"http://bit.ly/3YclAoK\">Panels giving scientific advice to Census Bureau disbanded by Trump administration\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"http://bit.ly/3E7jP5B\">The Measure of Progress: Counting what really matters\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"http://bit.ly/3Y57x4H\">Beyond Answers Presented by AI: Unlocking Innovation and Problem Solving Through A New Science of Questions\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>The Emergence of a Fourth Wave of Open Data:\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://bit.ly/4iTaTjv\">Blueprint for Data Commons in AI\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"http://bit.ly/3FQV6Dd\">Moving Towards the FAIR-R principles: Advancing AI-Ready Data\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://bit.ly/3RsV0Eb\">Generative AI for Data Stewardship\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"http://bit.ly/4jefrAJ\">Reimaging data for Open Source AI: a call to action\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://bit.ly/3FPBsYh\">Best Practices for Open Data and AI\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">The Importance of Establishing a Social License for Data Re-Use:\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"http://bit.ly/4j5e07q\">Researching data discomfort: the case of Statistics, Norway’s quest for billing data\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://bit.ly/3EeEnZQ\">Legal Frictions for Data Openness\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"http://bit.ly/4iSUnjw\">The National Data Library and public benefit \u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://bit.ly/4iILOYm\">The case for local and regional public engagement in governing AI \u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">The Global State of Data Governance:\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"http://bit.ly/42opaPc\">Towards a set of Universal data principles\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://bit.ly/3XItbLQ\">Economic Implications of Data Regulation\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"http://bit.ly/3YfSXan\">It’s just distributed computing: Rethinking AI governance\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">New Data Stewardship Tools and Resources:\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"http://bit.ly/3E4FmvN\">Data Innovation Toolkit\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"http://bit.ly/3FO8HuZ\">A Roadmap to Accessing Mobile Network Data for Statistics\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">Use Cases of Data Stewardship\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"http://bit.ly/42laD5U\">Using human mobility data to quantify experienced urban inequalities\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"http://bit.ly/4hP0aoJ\">Big data for decision-making in public transport management: A comparison of different data sources\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"http://bit.ly/4lbw9T1\">SEPA launch innovative Satellite Emergency Mapping Service to boost environmental crisis response\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Ca href=\"https://bit.ly/4cdK7Q4\">Space4Cities: Using Data for Sustainable Urban Development\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003C/div>",{},"/blogposts/data-stewardship-trends-to-watch-april-2025-session",{"title":744,"description":748},"data-stewardship-trends-to-watch-april-2025-session","blogposts/data-stewardship-trends-to-watch-april-2025-session",[232,113],"EeReDWqQ-0SCj7OV8hEpwtD013BVxE6_Y3JB2a9S91M",{"id":759,"title":760,"author":761,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":762,"body":34,"category":99,"date":763,"description":764,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":760,"image":765,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":766,"meta":767,"navigation":15,"path":768,"registrationLink":34,"seo":769,"slug":770,"startTime":34,"stem":771,"tags":772,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":773},"blogposts/blogposts/launch-of-a-blueprint-to-unlock-new-data-commons-for-artificial-intelligence.json","Launch of a Blueprint to Unlock New Data Commons for Artificial Intelligence","Hannah Chafetz, Andrew J. Zahuranec, and Stefaan Verhulst",[],"2025-03-11T19:10:26","Data commons — collaboratively governed ecosystems that enable responsible sharing of diverse datasets across sectors — offer a promising solution to data sharing.","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Nf-cWt-I0-6pILcc","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"4e02\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Launch: A Blueprint to Unlock New Data Commons for Artificial Intelligence (AI)\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"a2c6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">By Hannah Chafetz, Andrew J. Zahuranec, and Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a30f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In today’s rapidly evolving AI landscape, it is critical to broaden access to diverse and high-quality data to ensure that AI applications can serve all communities equitably. Yet, we are on the brink of a potential “\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/are-we-entering-a-data-winter-f654eb8e8663\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/are-we-entering-a-data-winter-f654eb8e8663\">data winter\u003C/a>,” where valuable data assets that could drive public good are increasingly locked away or inaccessible.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"18ee\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data commons — collaboratively governed ecosystems that enable responsible sharing of diverse datasets across sectors — offer a promising solution.\u003C/strong> By pooling data under clear standards and shared governance, data commons can unlock the potential of AI for public benefit while ensuring that its development reflects the diversity of experiences and needs across society.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"eb5d\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Nf-cWt-I0-6pILcc\" data-image-id=\"0*Nf-cWt-I0-6pILcc\" data-width=\"499\" data-height=\"656\">\n\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">A screenshot of the report.\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"01ca\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">To accelerate the creation of data commons, The Open Data Policy, today, releases “\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/data-commons-for-ai-blueprint.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/data-commons-for-ai-blueprint.pdf\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">A Blueprint to Unlock New Data Commons for AI\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>” — a guide on how to steward data to create data commons that enable public-interest AI use cases.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2783\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Co-authored by Hannah Chafetz, Andrew J. Zahuranec, and Stefaan Verhulst the document is aimed at supporting libraries, universities, research centers, and other data holders (e.g. governments and nonprofits) through four modules:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"d9bc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Mapping the Demand and Supply: \u003C/strong>Understanding why AI systems need data, what data can be made available to train, adapt, or augment AI, and what a viable data commons prototype might look like that incorporates stakeholder needs and values;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"4a1a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Unlocking Participatory Governance: \u003C/strong>Co-designing key aspects of the data commons with key stakeholders and documenting these aspects within a formal agreement;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"e500\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Building the Commons: \u003C/strong>Establishing the data commons from a practical perspective and ensure all stakeholders are incentivized to implement it; and\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"2dd7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Assessing and Iterating: \u003C/strong>Evaluating how the commons is working and iterating as needed.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"f9d7\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*3ELJiFH0fu6u0pvd\" data-image-id=\"0*3ELJiFH0fu6u0pvd\" data-width=\"703\" data-height=\"423\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"7404\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">These modules are further supported by\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> \u003C/strong>two \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/appendix%20b.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/appendix%20b.pdf\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">supplementary taxonomies\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">.\u003C/strong> “The Taxonomy of Data Types” provides a list of data types that can be valuable for public-interest generative AI use cases. The “Taxonomy of Use Cases” outlines public-interest generative AI applications that can be developed using a data commons approach, along with possible outcomes and stakeholders involved.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"67f3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A separate set of \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/appendix%20a_fillable.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/appendix%20a_fillable.pdf\">worksheets\u003C/a> can be used to further guide organizations in deploying these tools.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"217f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We hope these resources offer a meaningful starting point for organizations aiming to unlock data that can be leveraged for generative AI for the public good. The blueprint is intended as a living document that will be updated over time to reflect new developments and insights in this rapidly evolving landscape..\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"617b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Please reach out to us at \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\">datastewards@thegovlab.org\u003C/a> if you use any of these materials or any of our other \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://tools.opendatapolicylab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://tools.opendatapolicylab.org/\">tools\u003C/a> to support your work or have any questions. Want to stay up to date on future releases? Sign up \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=bc6d09925f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=bc6d09925f\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">HERE\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/launch-of-a-blueprint-to-unlock-new-data-commons-for-artificial-intelligence",{"title":760,"description":764},"launch-of-a-blueprint-to-unlock-new-data-commons-for-artificial-intelligence","blogposts/launch-of-a-blueprint-to-unlock-new-data-commons-for-artificial-intelligence",[659,99],"CXM_fzzaN4EC8HxqQdn-Y5m2lwkvg83V0xY69d5Bpqg",{"id":775,"title":776,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":777,"body":34,"category":338,"date":778,"description":779,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":776,"image":780,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":781,"meta":782,"navigation":15,"path":783,"registrationLink":34,"seo":784,"slug":785,"startTime":34,"stem":786,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":787},"blogposts/blogposts/fourth-wave-of-open-data-seminar-why-the-fourth-wave-matters.json","Fourth Wave of Open Data Seminar: Why the Fourth Wave Matters",[],"2025-03-10T18:46:56","Generative AI tools have attracted enormous attention. Yet, questions remain about how it intersects with open data. ","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/689e0b84-f5d2-4e8e-97aa-a47af217d705","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"a558\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Fourth Wave of Open Data Seminar: Why the Fourth Wave Matters\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"b986\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Generative AI tools have attracted enormous attention. Yet, questions remain about how it intersects with open data. How can generative AI help people better engage with open data? How can open data be used to enable societal beneficial use cases of generative AI? How can we address the many risks and challenges facing these systems?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0af9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Last year, we released a report arguing in favor of there being a “\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.genai.opendatapolicylab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.genai.opendatapolicylab.org/\">fourth wave of open data\u003C/a>”. Building on previous waves in the open data movement, we argued that the intersection of open data and generative AI could improve both tools individually. It could improve open data by helping people better interface with it and improve generative AI by providing availability of data for training. We followed this by releasing a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/launch-first-ever-catalog-of-examples-on-how-open-data-and-generative-ai-intersect-dfebfe210da1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/launch-first-ever-catalog-of-examples-on-how-open-data-and-generative-ai-intersect-dfebfe210da1\">catalogue of examples\u003C/a> demonstrating real applications of this approach.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a0bf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Yet this is a fast moving environment. To keep current on the ways that generative AI is being harnessed for the public good, we kicked off the first discussion in a series focused on the Fourth Wave of Open Data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7617\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Emerging from the intersection of AI and open data, this new era envisions open data as more accessible through conversational interfaces, AI-ready for advanced applications, and foundational to data commons that can drive innovation while addressing public interest challenges.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2bdc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In this introductory episode, The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst spoke with \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Renata Ávila\u003C/strong> (Open Knowledge), \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Gretchen Deo\u003C/strong> (Microsoft), and \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Dr. Anastasija Nikiforova \u003C/strong>(University of Tartu) on the fourth wave approach and what it means conceptually.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"2d29\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p\">\u003Ciframe src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/-3EAJgFpml8?feature=oembed\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"354c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Past, Present, and Future of Open Data\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"644f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Stefaan opened the panel with a brief explanation of how the open data movement has changed over the last few years — moving from a focus on freedom of information to open-by-default to publish with purpose. In this latest wave, the fourth wave, we see efforts to use AI services to transform how people access and process open data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a03d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This includes making data readable for AI systems, embracing data commons infrastructure that can support well-designed AI tools, making generative AI more conversational, and improving data quality and provenance.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c3da\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Stefaan highlighted some examples of how open data and generative AI are \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://repository.opendatapolicylab.org/genai/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://repository.opendatapolicylab.org/genai/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">already intersecting\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"2663\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*5-9zww1yUJZ59sNm\" data-image-id=\"0*5-9zww1yUJZ59sNm\" data-width=\"912\" data-height=\"552\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"6db7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Movement Toward Public Empowerment\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d3ab\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Renata Ávila of Open Knowledge argued that citizens often have a more sophisticated understanding of their data and how it shapes systems than is commonly appreciated.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7f4e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“The first thing that many people do when they interact with open and generative systems is to ask about themselves, and then they ask about the place they are from, and then they ask about the discipline they are experts on,” she noted.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"e1e2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">They are aware of data biases and gaps. They test systems to check whether these problems are taken into account, often checking against the subjects and disciplines they are experts in.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b5a3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">While the robust open data movement of 2010 has faded away — along with the enthusiasm and tools it carried with it — Renata argued that generative AI allows people to do much more and connect in unprecedented ways. It enables public administrations to better respond to and connect to citizen needs.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b8cc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The problem is that the support, programs, and funding for citizens initiatives is no longer present. While new technological innovations could allow organizations to achieve much more with generative AI and data, a combination of austerity and shifting public administration priorities means that enthusiasm and material support is no longer present. Meanwhile, activism and citizen engagement has moved onto other problems.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5daf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Instead of a standalone movement, Renata argued for the use of public interest data and AI to be transversal. The skills and tools allocated inside the initiatives ought to be directed toward tackling the most pressing problems of our times, such as climate change.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"442e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Challenge of a “Data Winter”\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ac05\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Dr. Anastasija Nikiforova reinforced these points. While noting that there is indeed a lot of enthusiasm around these new systems, she cautioned that open data (movement) had stagnated since 2010.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6970\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“We are seeing the democratization of AI. But in regards to the data, that is not the case […] there’s been a stagnation,” she said.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b0b2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Instead of greater openness, Dr. Nikiforova worried about “data hoarding” by governments and AI leaders. Understanding that there is a competitive advantage in having data to train systems, data holders worldwide (including businesses) seem increasingly unwilling to share their assets. There have been efforts by the EU and others to encourage sharing to counteract this phenomenon.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d267\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Much of this connects to what we describe as a “\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://policylabs.frontiersin.org/content/commentary-are-we-entering-a-data-winter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://policylabs.frontiersin.org/content/commentary-are-we-entering-a-data-winter\">data winter\u003C/a>”, where data assets for the common good are frozen and immobilized.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d291\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">If data can be made accessible, Dr. Nikiforova argued that it could allow for better systems, where users are not merely publishers of data but users as well. However, data quality needs to be a prerequisite of availability and accessibility. It needs to go beyond a common open data understanding that is limited to questions of completeness and accuracy and look at metadata as well. Today, metadata and data quality is often questionable, leading to poor outcomes that undermine public trust.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d335\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">She echoed the words of Renata, “metadata is the queen”.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2bba\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">She highlighted the increasing advances around conversational agents and how they were helping reduce language barriers among other \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/@nikiforova.anastasija/generative-ai-role-in-shaping-the-future-of-open-data-ecosystems-synergies-amidst-paradoxes-00fcfb2518fc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@nikiforova.anastasija/generative-ai-role-in-shaping-the-future-of-open-data-ecosystems-synergies-amidst-paradoxes-00fcfb2518fc\">use-cases\u003C/a>. She closed by offering one possible approach to addressing these issues — synthetic data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d402\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“This will definitely allow us to have more data and especially the data that is coming from crucial sectors where we, in the past, would not be able to really imagine having this data — such as in medical and healthcare-related fields where privacy concerns limited access.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"29f4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Private Sector Perspective on Generative AI and Open Data\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"567a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Finally, Gretchen Deo of Microsoft offered her own reflections on generative AI. Noting the technology’s rapid development, she described how industry was interested in ways that AI tools could be scaled in a way to be broadly beneficial and benefit multiple sectors. “Generative AI and the developments in generative AI are really moving fast,” Gretchen said.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7a0a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">She then spoke about how, as a maker of AI, Microsoft looked at it in terms of inputs and outputs. On inputs, generative AI really does rely on vast and varied datasets for training a model that can identify themes, patterns, and correlations. Access to data at scale is critical to ensuring that AI systems are accurate and produce useful insights.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"433c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">On the output side, she highlighted the exciting potential given what has already been done with traditional data portals. She highlighted the opportunity offered by having an AI interface on open data so users can interact with it in a more natural way and ask questions about the data without having a data science skillset.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"04e2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">***\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3dbc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">These were just a few of the reflections offered in our first seminar on the Fourth Wave of Open Data. To follow the full discussion, watch \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-3EAJgFpml8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-3EAJgFpml8\">the video\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"67aa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">We plan to host our second webinar\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> \u003C/strong>on “Making Open Data Conversational”. Stay tuned for the announcement of when it is scheduled.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/fourth-wave-of-open-data-seminar-why-the-fourth-wave-matters",{"title":776,"description":779},"fourth-wave-of-open-data-seminar-why-the-fourth-wave-matters","blogposts/fourth-wave-of-open-data-seminar-why-the-fourth-wave-matters","UiuyQWkziukC7gXkixfUBNieQ_Sy98NItrHoHpMVZ44",{"id":789,"title":790,"author":187,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":791,"body":34,"category":99,"date":792,"description":793,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":790,"image":794,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":795,"meta":796,"navigation":15,"path":797,"registrationLink":34,"seo":798,"slug":799,"startTime":34,"stem":800,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":801},"blogposts/blogposts/data-stewardship-as-environmental-stewardship.json","Data Stewardship as Environmental Stewardship",[],"2025-01-26T00:00:00","Why responsible data stewardship could help address today’s pressing environmental challenges resulting from artificial intelligence and…","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*mJvRJyhmLZxITouU","\u003Ch1 id=\"data-stewardship-as-environmental-stewardship\">Data Stewardship as Environmental Stewardship\u003C/h1> \u003Cp>\u003Cem>Why responsible data stewardship could help address today’s pressing environmental challenges resulting from artificial intelligence and other data-related technologies.\u003C/em>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cem>Stefaan Verhulst and Sara Marcucci\u003C/em>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Even as the world grows increasingly reliant on data and artificial intelligence, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2024/oct/31/concerned-about-your-data-use-here-is-the-carbon-footprint-of-an-average-day-of-emails-whatsapps-and-more\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">concern over the environmental impact of data-related activities is increasing\u003C/a>. Solutions remain elusive. The rise of generative AI, which rests on a foundation of massive data sets and computational power, risks exacerbating the problem.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>In the below, we propose that responsible data stewardship offers a potential pathway to reducing the environmental footprint of data activities. By promoting practices such as data reuse, minimizing digital waste, and optimizing storage efficiency, data stewardship can help mitigate environmental harm. Additionally, data stewardship supports broader environmental objectives by facilitating better decision-making through transparent, accessible, and shared data. In the below, we suggest that advancing data stewardship as a cornerstone of environmental responsibility could provide a compelling approach to addressing the dual challenges of advancing digital technologies while safeguarding the environment.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>The Environmental Costs of Data\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The environmental costs of data-related activities are now apparent. In 2022, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-outlook-2024\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">data centers already consumed 460 TWh of electricity, \u003C/a>2% of global usage. Cooling systems alone account for \u003Ca href=\"https://www.statista.com/topics/13055/data-center-power/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">up to 40% of a data center’s energy consumption\u003C/a>. This demand is\u003Ca href=\"https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-outlook-2024\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"> projected to double by 2026\u003C/a>, due to the rise of AI and other resource-heavy technologies.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The environmental burden goes b\u003Ca href=\"https://unctad.org/publication/digital-economy-report-2024\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">eyond the well-known difficulties of data centers\u003C/a>, however, extending downstream to the production of devices such as satellites, sensors, and other hardware and devices, all of which \u003Ca href=\"https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4053817?v=pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">depend on rare earth materials\u003C/a> such as lithium, copper, and cobalt. Mining for these materials leads to habitat destruction, biodiversity loss, and water scarcity, \u003Ca href=\"https://news.mit.edu/2024/understanding-impacts-mining-local-environments-communities-0321\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">as seen in Chile\u003C/a>, where mining operations exacerbate drought conditions and create conflict with local Indigenous and agricultural communities. These operations also generate large amounts of toxic waste, including tailings, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.fordfoundation.org/work/learning/learning-reflections/intersections-of-digital-rights-and-environmental-and-climate-justice/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">which pose risks\u003C/a> such as water contamination for local communities.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>In addition, data can add to environmental burdens in unexpected ways. Take the use of satellites. While the energy-intensive processes of rocket launches and power requirements for satellite operations contribute to substantial carbon \u003Ca href=\"https://www.itu.int/hub/publication/d-str-digital-04-2024/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">emissions\u003C/a>, the increasing data collection capabilities of satellites exacerbate the situation. Indeed, the various energy requirements of satellite systems rival the \u003Ca href=\"https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/fee.2624\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">lifecycle emissions\u003C/a> of some small nations. Finally, satellites generate space debris \u003Ca href=\"https://www.technologyreview.com/2024/12/09/1108076/satellite-reentry-atmospheric-pollution/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">at the end of their lives\u003C/a>, adding to sustainability concerns.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>As indicated earlier, data processing and storage infrastructure, such as data centers, magnify the environmental strain. In 2022, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-outlook-2024\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">data centers already consumed 460 TWh of electricity\u003C/a> — 2% of global usage — and this demand is projected to double by 2026 due to the rise of AI and other resource-heavy technologies (see also figure below from \u003Ca href=\"https://unctad.org/publication/digital-economy-report-2024\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">UNCTAD’s Digital Economy Report 2024\u003C/a>). Cooling systems alone account for \u003Ca href=\"https://www.statista.com/topics/13055/data-center-power/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">up to 40% of a data center’s energy consumption\u003C/a>.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*mJvRJyhmLZxITouU\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"https://unctad.org/publication/digital-economy-report-2024\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">UNCTAD’s Digital Economy Report 2024\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Data Stewardship as Environmental Stewardship\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Considered together, these interconnected challenges emphasize the urgent need for sustainable practices in data-related activities to mitigate environmental and social impacts.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"#\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Data Stewardship\u003C/a>, focused on the re-use of data in a systematic, sustainable, and responsible way, can help achieve many of these goals. To understand how this is so, consider the multi-pronged nature of the concept–i.e., the various tasks and responsibilities undertaken by data stewards. These include:\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Optimizing Data Reuse to Reduce Resource Footprints:\u003C/strong> Data Stewardship promotes \u003Ca href=\"https://theodi.org/news-and-events/blog/why-we-need-to-be-responsible-about-data-and-the-environment/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">data minimization\u003C/a> and the systematic reuse of existing datasets, reducing the need for resource-intensive new data collection. This cuts down on the energy, water resources, materials, and infrastructure often required to gather and process new data. One example: Re-using satellite imagery for environmental monitoring instead of launching new satellites can conserve resources and reduce emissions.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Promoting a Circular Economy for Data (Circular Data):\u003C/strong> By establishing frameworks for data sharing and interoperability, Data Stewardship encourages a “\u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.org/the-value-proposition-of-circular-city-data-for-economic-development-govlab-unveils-work-at-newlabs-circular-city-public-showcase/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">circular economy” for data\u003C/a>. Data collected for one purpose (e.g., weather forecasting) can be reused for others (e.g., climate change modeling), ensuring its value is maximized without additional environmental costs.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Improving Efficiency in Data Management:\u003C/strong> Responsible stewardship involves fit-for-purpose analytics, optimizing storage, minimizing duplication, and using energy-efficient infrastructure (\u003Ca href=\"https://blogs.nvidia.com/blog/what-is-green-computing/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">green computing\u003C/a>). This reduces the environmental costs associated with maintaining large-scale data storage and processing systems. It also promotes sustainable digital practices by prioritizing compact data formats, reducing energy consumption in computational tasks, and leveraging scalable, green technologies.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Aligning with Environmental Goals:\u003C/strong> Many principles of Data Stewardship — such as data re-use, transparency, and accessibility — enable better environmental decision-making and help mitigate the effects of climate change. For example, shared data can inform sustainability policies, resource conservation strategies, and carbon footprint reduction efforts.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Reducing Digital Waste:\u003C/strong> Poorly managed data can lead to “digital waste” (e.g., unused or redundant datasets consuming storage resources). Data Stewardship ensures that more valuable, well-documented, and accessible data is retained and reused, reducing unnecessary energy consumption in storage systems.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*hH8AoAni8K1e4OSm\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Data Stewardship as Environmental Stewardship (Produced by Authors using Napkin.ai)\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Call to Action and Further Research\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Data Stewardship is more than a technical or data governance practice — when done responsibly, it’s also a commitment to environmental responsibility. As the demand for data grows in our digital and AI age, embedding sustainability into the data stewardship agenda is essential.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Positioning Data Stewardship as Environmental Stewardship allows us to align data-based policy and innovation with sustainability goals, minimizing the environmental impact of data-based activities while harnessing their environmental and societal benefits\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cem>Operationalization\u003C/em>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>To operationalize the vision of data stewardship as environmental stewardship, several steps will be needed including:\u003C/p> \u003Col> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Develop Practical Guidelines for Environmental Data Stewardship\u003C/strong> : There is an urgent need to create clear, actionable guidelines that enable data stewards to integrate sustainability into their practices. These guidelines should cover areas such as optimizing data reuse, reducing digital waste, and adopting green computing standards. They should also account for sectoral differences, recognizing that environmental challenges and data-related activities vary across industries.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Position Data Stewards as Strategic Actors\u003C/strong> : Organizations must elevate data stewardship to a strategic level, recognizing data stewards as key players not only in increasing the value of data but also in driving sustainability. This includes embedding data stewardship roles within organizational leadership, equipping stewards with the tools and authority needed to influence decision-making, and fostering a culture that prioritizes sustainability.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Adopt and Incentivize Circular Data Economies\u003C/strong> : To maximize the value of existing data while minimizing environmental impacts, organizations should adopt frameworks that promote data sharing, interoperability, and reuse. Policymakers and industry leaders must work together to create incentives — such as tax benefits, grants, or certifications — that encourage organizations to participate in circular data economies.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Integrate Sustainability Metrics into Data Governance Frameworks\u003C/strong> : Organizations should measure and report on the environmental impact of their data-related activities. This includes tracking energy consumption, carbon emissions, and resource usage associated with data storage, processing, and collection. Such metrics can guide more sustainable practices and align data stewardship with broader environmental goals.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Foster Cross-Sector Collaboration\u003C/strong> : Addressing the environmental challenges of data requires collaboration between the public, private, and civil society sectors. Partnerships should focus on sharing best practices, aligning sustainability objectives, and pooling resources to tackle common challenges, such as the energy consumption of data centers or the lifecycle impacts of AI technologies.\u003C/li> \u003C/ol> \u003Cp>\u003Cem>Research Agenda\u003C/em>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>While these recommendations provide a roadmap for action, significant gaps in knowledge and practice remain. To support the transition to sustainable data stewardship, we propose the following research priorities:\u003C/p> \u003Col> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Developing Environmental Metrics for Data Stewardship\u003C/strong> : Research is needed to identify and standardize metrics that capture the environmental impacts of data-related activities. This includes understanding the carbon footprint of data processes, water resources needed for data centers, the lifecycle impacts of data infrastructure, and the benefits of data reuse.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Exploring the Role of AI and Emerging Technologies\u003C/strong> : Future research should investigate how AI and other emerging technologies can be harnessed to optimize data processes and reduce environmental impacts. This includes exploring lightweight AI models, decentralized data systems, and renewable-powered computing solutions.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Assessing Barriers to Circular Data Economies\u003C/strong> : Studies should examine the practical, cultural, and technical barriers to adopting circular data economies, including issues of data interoperability, trust, and governance. Identifying these barriers will help design targeted interventions to promote data sharing and reuse.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Understanding the Social Implications of Environmental Data Stewardship\u003C/strong> : More research is needed on how environmental data stewardship intersects with issues of equity and environmental justice, particularly in under-resourced regions or communities disproportionately affected by environmental degradation.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Guiding Organizational Change\u003C/strong> : Research should focus on how organizations can effectively integrate environmental considerations into their data stewardship practices, including the role of leadership, organizational culture, and policy frameworks in driving change.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Documenting Best Practices and Success Stories\u003C/strong> : Case studies of organizations that have successfully aligned data stewardship with sustainability goals will provide valuable lessons and inspiration for others.\u003C/li> \u003C/ol> \u003Cp>\u003Cem>(Thanks to William Hoffman for input on an earlier draft)\u003C/em>\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/data-stewardship-as-environmental-stewardship",{"title":790,"description":793},"data-stewardship-as-environmental-stewardship","blogposts/data-stewardship-as-environmental-stewardship","KaO4i1NqTxSuxkq1tu_yRzz7pWpYCTmtOch1I7vvxJ4",{"id":803,"title":804,"author":805,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":806,"body":34,"category":99,"date":807,"description":808,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":804,"image":809,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":810,"meta":811,"navigation":15,"path":812,"registrationLink":34,"seo":813,"slug":814,"startTime":34,"stem":815,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":816},"blogposts/blogposts/calling-upon-peer-reviewers-for-new-report-and-toolkit-reimagining-data-governance-for-ai.json","Calling upon Peer Reviewers for New Report and Toolkit: Reimagining Data Governance for AI","Andrew J. Zahuranec, Adam Zable, and Stefaan Verhulst",[],"2025-01-16T17:23:57","To includes latest scholarship and practice, we are calling upon all interested parties to provide feedback…","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/d85a78eb-9a13-4b7f-8ab6-81851a8b75c5","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"ea5d\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Calling upon Peer Reviewers for New Report and Toolkit: Reimagining Data Governance for AI\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"a4de\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This blog was originally published by Andrew J. Zahuranec, Adam Zable, and Stefaan Verhulst on the Open Data Policy Lab \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/peer-review-calling-upon-peer-reviewers-for-new-report-and-toolkit-reimagining-data-governance-for-ai/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/peer-review-calling-upon-peer-reviewers-for-new-report-and-toolkit-reimagining-data-governance-for-ai/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"337a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">THE NEED TO RE-IMAGINE DATA GOVERNANCE FOR AI: Artificial intelligence and data-driven technologies are reshaping global development, offering opportunities to improve disaster response, public services, and government efficiency. However, the current data governance frameworks often limit the agency of communities, particularly in developing nations, over how their data is used.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2bac\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To address this asymmetry, it is crucial to find new ways to empower communities, ensuring their active participation and control over data re-use. Centering the concept of a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.afd.fr/en/ressources/responsible-data-re-use-developing-countries-social-licence-through-public-engagement#:~:text=Back%20to%20publications-,Responsible%20Data%20Re%2Duse%20in%20Developing%20Countries,Social%20Licence%20through%20Public%20Engagement&text=The%20datafication%20era%20has%20transformed,re%2Duse%20of%20digital%20data.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.afd.fr/en/ressources/responsible-data-re-use-developing-countries-social-licence-through-public-engagement#:~:text=Back%20to%20publications-,Responsible%20Data%20Re%2Duse%20in%20Developing%20Countries,Social%20Licence%20through%20Public%20Engagement&text=The%20datafication%20era%20has%20transformed,re%2Duse%20of%20digital%20data.\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">social license\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, through sustained public engagement and alignment with community expectations, can help create more equitable and inclusive approaches that enable AI to truly serve global development goals.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"10eb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">COMING SOON: To advance and operationalize the concept of the social license, we are planning on launching: “\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Reimagining Data Governance for AI: A Toolkit for Social Licensing for Data Re-Use in Developing Countries\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>” soon.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3bc7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Developed with the support of the French Development Agency, the report and toolkit is an attempt to examine current consent-based frameworks and data licensing regimes and discuss how social licensing can be designed to supplement and reinforce them.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"cf67\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">NEED YOUR INPUT: To ensure the report is solid and includes latest scholarship and practice, we are calling upon all interested parties to provide feedback on the current (semi-finalized) version of the report.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1499\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">JOIN US NOW: If you are interested in being a recognized peer reviewer of this report, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://forms.gle/3WX5qF1WqgK3tFaK8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://forms.gle/3WX5qF1WqgK3tFaK8\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">please use this form\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> to share a bit about your interest and expertise. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Submission of this form is possible until January 22nd\u003C/strong>. Following review, we’ll share the report and a brief questionnaire to solicit your input.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"073a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">We appreciate your support! Direct any questions about this work to \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\">datastewards@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/calling-upon-peer-reviewers-for-new-report-and-toolkit-reimagining-data-governance-for-ai",{"title":804,"description":808},"calling-upon-peer-reviewers-for-new-report-and-toolkit-reimagining-data-governance-for-ai","blogposts/calling-upon-peer-reviewers-for-new-report-and-toolkit-reimagining-data-governance-for-ai","hJyGinFgZQNiQVR1cf7qSb0R8Up97irpQYVUEGKsGus",{"id":818,"title":819,"author":820,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":821,"body":34,"category":44,"date":822,"description":823,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":819,"image":824,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":825,"meta":826,"navigation":15,"path":827,"registrationLink":34,"seo":828,"slug":829,"startTime":34,"stem":830,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":831},"blogposts/blogposts/a-year-in-review-data-stewardship-bootcamps-to-unlock-data-reuse.json","A Year in Review: Data Stewardship Bootcamps to Unlock Data Reuse","Paulina Behluli, Natalia Mejía Pardo, The Data Tank",[],"2024-12-20T00:00:00"," In 2024, and building on earlier work by The GovLab, The Data Tank has delivered a programme of Data Stewardship bootcamps to meet the growing demand across sectors. ","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*SIzKElJe7wqfq8ZPSWg3Cw.jpeg","\u003Ch1 id=\"a-year-in-review-data-stewardship-bootcamps-to-unlock-data-reuse\">A Year in Review: Data Stewardship Bootcamps to Unlock Data Reuse\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp>** \u003Cem>We live in societies where data is everywhere and nowhere at the same time, because it is often locked in silos and unable to be reused to serve the public interest. The Data Tank envisions societies that are equipped to access data in inclusive, responsible, systematic and sustainable ways to improve people’s lives. Creating ecosystems for data reuse is central to achieving this. Governance and technical infrastructure are important pillars of these ecosystems but they need the human infrastructure that can make them function. Data stewardship involves the skills, competencies and functions needed to provide access to data for reuse in the public interest. In 2024, and building on earlier work by The GovLab, The Data Tank has delivered a programme of Data Stewardship bootcamps to meet the growing demand across sectors. As we already prepare the bootcamps planned for 2025, we reflect on this past year and on what is about to come.\u003C/em>**\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"how-it-all-started-the-need-for-data-stewardship\">How it All Started: The Need for Data Stewardship\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>In recent years, data has become an increasingly valuable asset across sectors. Going digital has dramatically increased the amount of available data. Yet, the challenge is not just collecting and storing data, but actively managing it, using it, and most importantly recognizing the value of reusing it for other purposes than collected. To unlock its value, therefore, organisations require dedicated professionals handling data responsibly, ethically, and effectively. And, as data becomes a key element in decision-making, innovation, and governance, there will be a growing demand for \u003Ca href=\"#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003Cstrong>data stewardship\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The rise of \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Data Collaboratives\u003C/a> has only increased the need for data stewards. \u003Cstrong>Data Collaboratives\u003C/strong> can be broadly defined as cross-sector collaborations between the private sector, public sector, research institutions, civil society and people who co-create some of these data in the first place. These partnerships leverage private-sector data and expertise to address public challenges, such as public health and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy/article/need-for-climate-data-stewardship-10-tensions-and-reflections-regarding-climate-data-governance/4C968508F0441C6E341EE314C5FC2611\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">climate change\u003C/a>. Given the complexity of the topics, there are a set of \u003Ca href=\"https://the100questions.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">questions\u003C/a> that need to be asked: What is the problem at hand? (Why) do we need access to data to solve the issue? How can we enable access to data reuse for public good? Adding to these complexities, the involvement of multiple stakeholders requires a rethinking of how data is accessed and managed, ensuring it is used for the public good without compromising ethical or legal standards. We are living in paradoxical times, where on one hand, there is a growing demand for data in the age of AI, and on the other, there is a growing trend of restricting access to data, what our Co-founder, Stefaan Verhulst, refers to as “\u003Ca href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/are-we-entering-a-data-winter-f654eb8e8663\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Data Winter\u003C/a>”.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>To address this need, TheGovLab, in partnership with Microsoft, launched the \u003Ca href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003Cstrong>Data Stewards Academy\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> in 2020. The academy was designed to help professionals across industries develop the expertise needed to manage and share data in a systematic, sustainable, and socially responsible way. Through its online Executive Education Courses, the program trained leaders from the private, public, nonprofit, and academic sectors, equipping them to create data re-use strategies and lead the development of data governance frameworks.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"back-to-the-classroom-data-stewards-bootcamps\">Back to the Classroom: Data Stewards Bootcamps\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>In alignment with its mission, The Data Tank has continued the legacy of the Data Stewards Academy by offering Data Stewards Bootcamps in both onsite and hybrid formats. Our bootcamps aim to build the human infrastructure needed to responsibly and systematically leverage data for the common good.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>2024 has been a pivotal year in that sense. The Data Tank hosted two bootcamps bringing together professionals from civil society, public, and private sectors to deepen their expertise and build a community of data stewards who can drive positive change. For the first time, we offered these bootcamps in both on-site and hybrid formats. Approximately 30 senior executives across Europe participated, all working at the intersection of data and public good. The bootcamps explored various aspects of data re-use, including city-level initiatives and social sector development, sparking innovative ideas and creative thinking. They included peer-to-peer knowledge exchange, field visits, and insights from expert guest speakers. In addition to the learning aspects, the bootcamps have fostered collaboration, enabling participants to better understand how they can leverage data to solve pressing challenges and create social impact.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"data-stewards-intensive-course-in-berlin\">Data Stewards Intensive Course in Berlin\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>The Data Tank facilitated its first data stewardship \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/data-stewards-action-accelerating-re-use-social-sector-civil-jncxc/?trackingId=uAiGZrQZ7yQBq0i76IBSdA%3D%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bootcamp in Berlin\u003C/a> (June 10–14). In collaboration with the Governance Lab and supported by The Bertelsmann Foundation, the event gathered 14 participants from the social and civil society sector in Germany and beyond. Stefaan Verhulst, TDT’s Co-founder & Principal Scientific Advisor led the sessions, that included course material delivered by a pool of data domain experts such as Prof. Ingmar Weber (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.uni-saarland.de/en/home.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Saarland University\u003C/a>), Martin Waehlisch (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.un.org/en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">UN\u003C/a>), Maximilian Von Grafenstein (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.law-innovation.tech/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Law & Innovation\u003C/a>), Catherine Vogel (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.giz.de/expertise/html/61847.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">GIZ Data Lab\u003C/a>), Alex Hutchison (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.dataforchildrencollaborative.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Data for Children Collaborative\u003C/a>), Ramy H’cini & Wassim Kallel (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.think-it.io/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Think-it\u003C/a>), Gunda Ehmke & Hans-Christian Mangelsdorf (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/de/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Federal Foreign Office in Germany\u003C/a> &\u003Ca href=\"https://www.datainnovationlab.de/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Data Innovation Lab\u003C/a>), Christina Willems & Dénes Jäger (\u003Ca href=\"https://okfn.de/en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Open Knowledge Foundation Germany\u003C/a>). During the bootcamp, together with\u003Ca href=\"https://www.possible-digital.de/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Possible Germany\u003C/a>, we held a quick fire-side chat on data innovation in the public sector in Germany with Khrystyna Shlyakhtovska , Sabine Gerdon (\u003Ca href=\"https://aws.amazon.com/free/?gclid=CjwKCAjwtNi0BhA1EiwAWZaANObjHPCY_oREaaxij1CXav39Rfg6FbK0LV6bNAG8dDXB49Xn_YVEABoCvr0QAvD_BwE&trk=f17b4b4e-aa1b-4189-b0c4-81a19b53f625&sc_channel=ps&ef_id=CjwKCAjwtNi0BhA1EiwAWZaANObjHPCY_oREaaxij1CXav39Rfg6FbK0LV6bNAG8dDXB49Xn_YVEABoCvr0QAvD_BwE%3AG%3As&s_kwcid=AL%214422%213%21645186168166%21e%21%21g%21%21aws+germany%2119579892551%21148838343321\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">AWS Germany\u003C/a>) and Mathias Keller (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.possible-digital.de/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Possible Germany\u003C/a>). Alongside these discussions, we visited the \u003Ca href=\"https://gmdac.iom.int/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Global Migration Data Analysis Center\u003C/a> (IOM) and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.wikimedia.de/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Wikimedia Germany,\u003C/a> where participants could listen to keynote talks, ask questions, and network. The thematic focus for this pilot edition was open data, and all conversations revolved around meaningful re-use of open data and (locked) data towards a faster, responsive, and responsible social & civil society sector in Germany (and beyond).\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*SIzKElJe7wqfq8ZPSWg3Cw.jpeg\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Intensive Course Session in Berlin ©: Sascha Schürmann\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"data-stewards-bootcamp-in-turin\">Data Stewards Bootcamp in Turin\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>The Data Tank facilitated the second data stewardship \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/apply-now-join-next-data-stewards-bootcamp-focus-re-use-cities-njbcc/?trackingId=iiCQ7RmsoLBaqXE9IN8jXA%3D%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bootcamp in Turin\u003C/a>, from November 18 to December 11. This time, we went for a hybrid delivery,with three days on-site followed by three weeks of online sessions. The bootcamp hosted 13 participants from the private sector, public administration, and civil society enabling diverse views and approaches to data re-use for public good. We designed this second edition with a focus to understanding how data re-use can be applied in urban contexts, advancing the development of participatory and data-driven cities. An additional component was the intersection of AI and Data: what does AI-ready data mean? How can AI help to democratize access, use, and re-use of data in city level initiatives? As in Berlin, data domain experts joined our bootcamp, including Ciro Cattuto (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.isi.it/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ISI Foundation)\u003C/a>, Bruno Lepri (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.fbk.eu/en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fondazione Bruno Kessler\u003C/a>), Ludovica Paseri (\u003Ca href=\"https://en.unito.it/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">University of Turin\u003C/a>), Dana Mazia (\u003Ca href=\"https://brightinitiative.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bright Data Initiative\u003C/a>), Andrea Zaramella (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.vodafone.de/business/?b_id=2615&c_id=sea_emm_307%3Aolp____per_mul_dive_b2b-bso-homepage&extProvId=5&extPu=vf-googleads&extCr=168103306520-712052487259&extSi=&extTg=&extLi=21551294387&keyword=vodafone+business&extAP=&extMT=e&https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vodafone.de%2Fbusiness%2F%3Fb_id%3D2615%26c_id%3Dsea_emm_307%3Aolp____per_mul_dive_b2b-bso-homepage%26extProvId%3D5%26extPu%3Dvf-googleads%26extCr%3D168103306520-712052487259%26extSi%3D%26extTg%3D%26extLi%3D21551294387%26keyword%3Dvodafone%2520business%26extAP%3D%26extMT%3De%26gclsrc%3Daw.ds%26%3Fkeyword=vodafone+business&device=c&network=g&gad_source=1&gclid=CjwKCAiAyJS7BhBiEiwAyS9uNfJrOpBBc-5qcO-8rM8x9u0qLXALzDVdPYo5xxyydXFss27Pwec24BoCQqwQAvD_BwE&gclsrc=aw.ds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Vodafone Business)\u003C/a>, Christian Racca & Leonardo Camiciotti (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.top-ix.org/en/home-eng/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">TOP-IX Consortium\u003C/a>), Gianluca Sgueo (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.sciencespo.fr/en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sciences Po\u003C/a>), Brennan Lake (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.cuebiq.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cuebiq\u003C/a>), Alex Pompe (\u003Ca href=\"https://dataforgood.facebook.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Meta Data for Good\u003C/a>), Peter Larsen (\u003Ca href=\"https://smartcityinsights.dk/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Smart City Insights\u003C/a>), JoAnn Stonier (Mastercard). And our field visits took us to \u003Ca href=\"https://www.intesasanpaoloinnovationcenter.com/en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Intesa SanPaolo Innovation Center\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://ogrtorino.it/en/areas/ogr-tech\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">OGR Tech\u003C/a>, and \u003Ca href=\"https://ctenext.it/en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CTE Next\u003C/a>, three key institutions in Turin’s innovation ecosystem.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*IinRyq8KGrnJWl06i3CrKw.jpeg\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Bootcamp Session in Turin © Andrea Guermani\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"what’s-coming-ahead-steering-the-way-to-unlocking-access-to-data-for-re-use-together\">What’s coming ahead: Steering the Way to Unlocking Access to Data for Re-use Together\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>We have an exciting 2025 ahead, and we are happy to announce that we will be hosting two data steward bootcamps in the first half of the year.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>First, we will be back in Berlin, as part of our ongoing collaboration with Bertelsmann Stiftung. The Berlin bootcamp will focus on empowering civil society organizations to enhance their advocacy strategies through the use and re-use of open data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Next, we will be heading to Switzerland! Thanks to the generous support of Hasler Stiftung, and in partnership with Open Data.ch and the Swiss Data Alliance, we will host an in-person \u003Ca href=\"https://www.swissdataalliance.ch/agenda/data-stewards-intensive-course\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Data Stewards Bootcamp in Zurich and Bern\u003C/a>. This second bootcamp will bring together participants from the public, private, and academic sectors, as well as civil society, to explore best practices for data stewardship.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"continued-engagement-with-the-alumni-community\">\u003Cstrong>Continued Engagement with the Alumni Community\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>Combining our efforts, with the data stewards academy and bootcamps, our alumni community has now grown into more than 100 data experts across the globe. As a continued effort to maintain relationships and grow this community further, the Data Tank team and the Governance Lab have joined forces and started different community engagement initiatives; starting from monthly webinar series highlighting the relevant trends in data stewardship, up to sharing useful funding resources on a weekly basis. The alumni group has a dedicated slack workspace where they continue to share ideas and inspire each other.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>If you are interested in developing a program similar to this and tailoring it to your specific needs, we are eager to collaborate. Whether you want us to design the entire program or partner with you to co-create it, we are here to help. Get in touch at\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"mailto:comms@datatank.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">** \u003Cem>comms@datatank.org\u003C/em>**\u003C/a>\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/a-year-in-review-data-stewardship-bootcamps-to-unlock-data-reuse",{"title":819,"description":823},"a-year-in-review-data-stewardship-bootcamps-to-unlock-data-reuse","blogposts/a-year-in-review-data-stewardship-bootcamps-to-unlock-data-reuse","l8_7erYxXYms_rNXuO4sB0aHaeLMcjLVxTak1MiXRss",{"id":833,"title":834,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":835,"body":34,"category":44,"date":836,"description":837,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":834,"image":838,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":839,"meta":840,"navigation":15,"path":841,"registrationLink":34,"seo":842,"slug":843,"startTime":34,"stem":844,"tags":845,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":847},"blogposts/blogposts/paving-the-path-advancing-responsible-data-access-and-re-use-in-2024.json","Paving the Path: Advancing Responsible Data Access and Re-Use in 2024",[],"2024-12-19T16:35:33","As 2024 comes to a close, The GovLab's Data Program reflects on a year of continued efforts to advance data-driven problem-solving and...","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/1d907a1b-9e10-42b8-8c33-ebd520e4716c","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"9bb5\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Paving the Path: Advancing Responsible Data Access and Re-Use in 2024\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"66c9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Our Year in Review\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"edd8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">By Hannah Chafetz, Sara Marcucci, Adrienne Schmoeker, Roshni Singh, Stefaan Verhulst, Adam Zable, and Andrew Zahuranec\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Image by \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://unsplash.com/@willianjusten\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/@willianjusten\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Willian Justen de Vasconcellos \u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">from \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/birds-eye-view-of-snow-forest-2UJDfClMpiA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/birds-eye-view-of-snow-forest-2UJDfClMpiA\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Unsplash\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\n\u003Cp id=\"47cb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As 2024 comes to a close, The GovLab’s Data Program reflects on a year of continued efforts to advance data-driven problem-solving and collaboration and enable the responsible use of technology to address complex societal challenges.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"e7e4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In the below, we want to feature some of the ways we’ve kept on building (and clearing) the path toward more systematic, innovative, and responsible data collaborations — providing a foundation for effective decision making, informed policies, and impactful solutions in an ever-evolving world.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a57a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For instance, in 2024, we:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"d44c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Launched the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/new-report-a-fourth-wave-of-open-data-exploring-the-spectrum-of-scenarios-for-open-data-and-generative-ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/new-report-a-fourth-wave-of-open-data-exploring-the-spectrum-of-scenarios-for-open-data-and-generative-ai\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Fourth Wave of Open Data\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>, a new conceptual framework exploring how generative AI and open data can supplement each other and support the public good;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"6470\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Created a digital platform to support\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.data4philanthropy.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.data4philanthropy.net/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Data for Philanthropy\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>, a resource that helps philanthropies use data-driven methods across the grant-making cycle;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"2cce\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Launched a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://dataforgood.ae/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://dataforgood.ae/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">data collaboration framework\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>for establishing public-private data collaborations within Abu Dhabi, outlining both an enabling environment and a step-by-step implementation approach;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"8b39\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Advanced the responsible use of technology for peace by promoting and supporting innovative start-ups through the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Kluz Prize for PeaceTech\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"d5ac\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Pioneered a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/civic-trust-whats-in-a-concept-c73f77c95581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/civic-trust-whats-in-a-concept-c73f77c95581\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">framework and evaluation tool\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>for assessing civic trust for the City of New York’s Civic Engagement Commission;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"223e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Pioneered a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/1f0fb2a2-a578-4783-bda8-5694ba5566d4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/1f0fb2a2-a578-4783-bda8-5694ba5566d4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">new taxonomy of anticipatory methods for migration policy making\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>, categorizing them into three categories: Experience-based, Expertise-based, and Exploration-based methods, and identified eight key elements to consider when selecting anticipatory methods for migration policy;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"7f91\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/post/introducing-the-updated-ai-localism-repository-a-tool-for-local-ai-governance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/post/introducing-the-updated-ai-localism-repository-a-tool-for-local-ai-governance\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Launched\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> the updated \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://list.ailocalism.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://list.ailocalism.org/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">AI Localism Repository\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">,\u003C/strong> with new search capabilities, case examples, and a specialized tagging system to advance our understanding on how cities are governing artificial intelligence;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"3c3d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Made data responsibility mainstream with the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/learning-package-for-responsible-data-for-refugee-children\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/learning-package-for-responsible-data-for-refugee-children\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Learning Package for Responsible Data for Refugee Children\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">, \u003C/strong>a resource being used to support UNICEF and UNHCR Offices around the world in understanding the importance of data and ways they can more responsibly use it in their operations;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"50fa\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Developed the stages of \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://ssir.org/articles/entry/resilient-democracy-asking-better-questions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://ssir.org/articles/entry/resilient-democracy-asking-better-questions\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">a New Science of Questions\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>and generated awareness of the value of participatory approaches for questioning with social changemakers;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"b94d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Helped Digital Self-Determination (DSD) to become a new accepted principle of data governance by the United Nations. The UN indeed highlighted DSD as an emerging foundation for equitable data practices in their recent publication \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://unsceb.org/proposed-normative-foundations-international-data-governance-goals-and-principles\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://unsceb.org/proposed-normative-foundations-international-data-governance-goals-and-principles\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Proposed Normative Foundations for International Data Governance.\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"db90\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">Below, we provide more detail on each of these projects and some of our other efforts of note. None of this would of course have been possible without our partners including IOM, UNICEF, UNHCR, WHO, the European Commission, the Paul Ramsay Foundation, Agence Française de Développement, The Statistics Centre — Abu Dhabi (SCAD), Siegel Endowment, Microsoft, Henry Luce Foundation, the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland, Kluz Ventures, Urban AI, and New York City’s Civic Engagement Commission.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a828\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Looking forward to working together in 2025!\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"073b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Insights and Initiatives\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4 id=\"8e7e\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--h4-anchor\" href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\">Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/a>\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"3e9f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*veyMXUfYdn05MliM\" data-image-id=\"0*veyMXUfYdn05MliM\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"525\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"7ff7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\">Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/a>, a collaboration between The GovLab and \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/\">Microsoft\u003C/a>, supports decision-makers at all levels to promote responsible data reuse and sharing for societal benefit and equitable economic opportunity. In 2024, the Open Data Policy Lab advanced its work through publications, blogs, events, and other resources focused on the intersections of open data and generative AI, and data stewardship.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c109\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Open Data Policy Lab published several reports and blogs in 2024, addressing the evolving challenges and opportunities in open data governance, generative AI integration, and data stewardship practices:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"e815\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.genai.opendatapolicylab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.genai.opendatapolicylab.org/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">A Fourth Wave of Open Data? Exploring the Spectrum of Scenarios for Open Data and Generative AI:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> This report explores five scenarios where open data and generative AI can intersect and the possibility for generative AI to initiate a new \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/generative-ai-and-the-fourth-wave-of-open-data-cdc92ca3b390\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/generative-ai-and-the-fourth-wave-of-open-data-cdc92ca3b390\">Fourth Wave of Open Data\u003C/a>. In this Fourth wave, open data is made AI-ready, open data becomes conversational, data quality and provenance is improved, and open data harnesses a data commons approach.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"45f7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/are-we-entering-a-data-winter-f654eb8e8663\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/are-we-entering-a-data-winter-f654eb8e8663\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Are We Entering a ‘Data Winter’?:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> This article highlights an urgent need to prevent further declines in efforts to open data for reuse in the public interest. Recent trends — such as restricted access to social media data for research, the growing privatization of climate data, and stagnation in open data policy — signal a troubling shift that could culminate in a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/are-we-entering-a-data-winter-f654eb8e8663\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/are-we-entering-a-data-winter-f654eb8e8663\">“data winter.”\u003C/a> The piece calls for renewed commitments to open data and data stewardship to ensure data remains accessible and actionable for societal good.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"b483\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/data-commons-under-threat-by-or-the-solution-for-a-generative-ai-era-02807f94eb88\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/data-commons-under-threat-by-or-the-solution-for-a-generative-ai-era-02807f94eb88\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Data Commons: Under Threat by or The Solution for a Generative AI Era? Rethinking Data Access and Re-use:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>Published in \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Data & Policy\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, this blog explores the challenges and opportunities that generative AI presents for data commons. It introduces a ten-part framework to guide the reimagining and reinvigoration of \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/data-commons-under-threat-by-or-the-solution-for-a-generative-ai-era-rethinking-9193e35f85e6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/data-commons-under-threat-by-or-the-solution-for-a-generative-ai-era-rethinking-9193e35f85e6\">data commons\u003C/a> for the AI era. Rather than prescribing a definitive model, the piece lays out pathways for further exploration into how data commons can remain resilient and equitable in the face of evolving technological landscapes.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"fd28\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/tackling-4-common-problems-accelerating-the-next-generation-of-data-commons-at-a-time-of-a84e2c9a1602\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/tackling-4-common-problems-accelerating-the-next-generation-of-data-commons-at-a-time-of-a84e2c9a1602\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Tackling 4 “Common” Problems: Accelerating the Next Generation of Data Commons at a Time of Artificial Intelligence:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>Published in \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Data & Policy\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, this article examines the challenges and opportunities for advancing the next generation of data commons in the context of artificial intelligence. It highlights findings from a recent MIT study that revealed increasing restrictions on data access, particularly high-quality datasets used for training AI models, contributing to what the authors term \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/it-was-the-best-of-times-it-was-the-worst-of-times-the-dual-realities-of-data-access-in-the-age-8732837acaa5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/it-was-the-best-of-times-it-was-the-worst-of-times-the-dual-realities-of-data-access-in-the-age-8732837acaa5\">“generative AI-nxiety.”\u003C/a> These trends underscore a growing imbalance in the data ecosystem, threatening the availability and equitable use of data commons — repositories managed for public interest.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"952b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/new-publication-the-current-state-of-open-data-and-data-stewardship-global-perspectives-from-the-data-stewards-alumni/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/new-publication-the-current-state-of-open-data-and-data-stewardship-global-perspectives-from-the-data-stewards-alumni/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">The Current State of Open Data and Data Stewardship: Global Perspectives from the Data Stewards Alumni:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> Findings from the Data Stewards Pulse Survey highlight mixed progress in data openness, with an average rating of 3.4 out of 5. Respondents stressed the need for guardrails and new policies to ensure responsible data use.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"5f8f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/the-emergence-of-national-data-initiatives-comparing-proposals-and-initiatives-in-the-united-58ed404f99ca\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/the-emergence-of-national-data-initiatives-comparing-proposals-and-initiatives-in-the-united-58ed404f99ca\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">The Emergence of National Data Initiatives: Comparing Proposals and Initiatives in the United Kingdom, Germany, and the United States:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>This \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Data & Policy\u003C/em>\u003C/a> blog seeks to start some initial research on the emergence of national data initiatives by examining three national data initiatives and exploring their strategic orientations and broader implications. These initiatives include the United Kingdom’s proposed \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://wellcome.org/what-we-do/our-work/uk-data-library\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://wellcome.org/what-we-do/our-work/uk-data-library\">National Data Library\u003C/a>, Germany’s \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/downloads/DE/veroeffentlichungen/themen/it-digitalpolitik/dateninstitut/konzeptpapier_dateninstitut.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/downloads/DE/veroeffentlichungen/themen/it-digitalpolitik/dateninstitut/konzeptpapier_dateninstitut.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=7\">National Data Institute\u003C/a>, and the proposed \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://ncses.nsf.gov/initiatives/national-secure-data-service-demo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://ncses.nsf.gov/initiatives/national-secure-data-service-demo\">National Secure Data Service\u003C/a> in the United States.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"e8de\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/the-emergent-landscape-of-data-commons-a-brief-survey-and-comparison-of-existing-initiatives-abab7bbc4fe1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/the-emergent-landscape-of-data-commons-a-brief-survey-and-comparison-of-existing-initiatives-abab7bbc4fe1\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">The Emergent Landscape of Data Commons: A Brief Survey and Comparison of Existing Initiatives:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>This blog explores how \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/data-commons-under-threat-by-or-the-solution-for-a-generative-ai-era-rethinking-9193e35f85e6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/data-commons-under-threat-by-or-the-solution-for-a-generative-ai-era-rethinking-9193e35f85e6\">data commons\u003C/a> enable access to high-quality datasets for public good. The blog featured examples of data commons supporting innovation across fields like health research, mobility, humanitarian aid, and sustainable food systems.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"540f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/TrustButVerify.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/TrustButVerify.pdf\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Trust but Verify — A Due Diligence Guide for Non-Traditional Data Initiatives\u003Cbr>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>This report offers a guide to responsibly leverage non-traditional data sources in public-interest projects. In particular, the report proposes: (1) A series of criteria to determine the relevance of non-traditional data to specific questions, needs, and initiatives, (2) A six-step due diligence process to ensure non-traditional data (if deemed relevant) is used responsibly, and (3) An additional due diligence diagnostic tool in case high risk is identified during the due diligence process.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch4 id=\"e75a\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">The Open Data Policy Lab also participated in several events throughout the year, including:\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"f35c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--h4\">On June 13, 2024, The Open Data Policy Lab attended the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.commerce.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.commerce.gov/\">United States Department of Commerce\u003C/a> convening on The Future of Open Data and Generative AI in Washington, DC. This event was part of the Department of Commerce’s \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.commerce.gov/news/blog/2024/04/request-information-ai-ready-open-government-data-assets\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.commerce.gov/news/blog/2024/04/request-information-ai-ready-open-government-data-assets\">Request for Information on AI-Ready Open Government Data Assets\u003C/a>. At the event, The Open Data Policy Lab participated in a roundtable discussion on partnerships around open data and generative AI and shared key learnings from our report on the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.genai.opendatapolicylab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.genai.opendatapolicylab.org/\">Fourth Wave of Open Data.\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"e43d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">On December 11, 2024, The Open Data Policy Lab delivered a presentation at \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.crisisready.io/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.crisisready.io/\">Crisis Ready’s\u003C/a> conference, “Novel data, AI, and disasters: from Data to Public Policy.” Stefaan spoke about the requirements for making open data AI-ready in the context of humanitarian disaster response efforts.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"56bf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Repositories and Observatories\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6570\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://repository.opendatapolicylab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://repository.opendatapolicylab.org/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Open Data Policy Repository\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> is a resource that documents recent policy developments related to open data, data reuse, and data collaboration worldwide. It provides an overview of evolving data governance practices and frameworks, offering insights for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners. \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/new-publication-new-look-and-enhanced-functionalities-of-the-state-of-open-data-policy-repository/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/new-publication-new-look-and-enhanced-functionalities-of-the-state-of-open-data-policy-repository/\">Recent updates to the repository\u003C/a> include new features such as region filters, sorting options by date of the latest action, and expanded categories for collaboration types and sectors. These enhancements make it easier to navigate and analyze policy trends, including increased international collaboration, sector-specific initiatives for data reuse, and the development of digital platform governments. By cataloging these developments, the repository helps track efforts to advance responsible and collaborative data sharing across sectors.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"1237\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*f1w4j1HdmiMogGr7\" data-image-id=\"0*f1w4j1HdmiMogGr7\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"1065\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"5979\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The Open Data Policy Lab’s \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://repository.opendatapolicylab.org/genai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://repository.opendatapolicylab.org/genai\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Observatory of Examples of How Open Data and Generative AI Intersect\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> showcases over 80 real-world use cases from various domains and regions. Drawing on insights from the report \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6637ad07a322a115424c1a01/t/6638fca1ec01706d012d845b/1715010735768/A+Fourth+Wave+of+Open+Data%3F+Exploring+a+Spectrum+of+Scenarios+for+Open+Data+and+Generative+AI_05.06.24.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6637ad07a322a115424c1a01/t/6638fca1ec01706d012d845b/1715010735768/A+Fourth+Wave+of+Open+Data%3F+Exploring+a+Spectrum+of+Scenarios+for+Open+Data+and+Generative+AI_05.06.24.pdf\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“A Fourth Wave of Open Data? Exploring the Spectrum of Scenarios for Open Data and Generative AI,”\u003C/em>\u003C/a> the Observatory highlights open data and generative AI applications ranging from enhancing administrative processes in government to improving cross-border data access for researchers. \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/new-publication-exploring-the-intersections-of-open-data-and-generative-ai-recent-additions-to-the-observatory/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/new-publication-exploring-the-intersections-of-open-data-and-generative-ai-recent-additions-to-the-observatory/\">Recent updates to the Observatory\u003C/a> include 15 new additions, which demonstrate generative AI’s growing role in enhancing service delivery, statistics, and culturally specific applications. These examples include generative AI tools that support service delivery, conversational systems for data analysis, and datasets that enhance AI output quality. The update also underscores the expanding role of governments in leveraging generative AI responsibly.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"ec4f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*dbY62fQfCrEiQsuq\" data-image-id=\"0*dbY62fQfCrEiQsuq\" data-width=\"964\" data-height=\"595\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Ch4 id=\"c403\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--figure\">Third Annual State of Open Data Policy Summit\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cp id=\"0645\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">On June 18, 2024, the Open Data Policy Lab, in collaboration with \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/\">Microsoft\u003C/a>, hosted its \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/third-annual-state-of-open-data-policy-summit-tickets-906285222497\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/third-annual-state-of-open-data-policy-summit-tickets-906285222497\">Third Annual State of Open Data Policy Summit\u003C/a>. This year’s event explored the evolving open data landscape and posed a central question: \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“Are we entering a Data Winter or a New Wave of Open Data?”\u003C/em> The Summit brought together leading data experts from the public and private sectors to discuss challenges and opportunities in open data, particularly in the age of generative AI.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1f1a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The discussions highlighted several emerging themes, including the critical importance of high-quality, high-value datasets, the growing role of data commons as shared infrastructure, and the need to adopt an ecosystem approach to promote equity and inclusivity in data governance. Participants reflected on current trends and debated strategies to advance open data while addressing issues of access, collaboration, and emerging technologies.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"45f9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Following the event, Andrew J. Zahuranec, Stefaan Verhulst, and Adrienne Schmoeker published a blog summarizing the Summit’s key discussions and takeaways. Titled \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/event-averting-a-data-winter-reflections-from-the-third-annual-state-of-open-data-policy-summit/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/event-averting-a-data-winter-reflections-from-the-third-annual-state-of-open-data-policy-summit/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“Reflections on the Third Annual State of Open Data Policy Summit”\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, the blog outlines the major themes discussed during the sessions and emphasizes the importance of a collaborative, ecosystem-focused approach to overcoming barriers in open data governance.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4 id=\"1245\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--h4-anchor\" href=\"https://ailocalism.org/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://ailocalism.org/index.html\">AI Localism\u003C/a>\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"1dac\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*YJSEQ0KHtE5hiuE8\" data-image-id=\"0*YJSEQ0KHtE5hiuE8\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"477\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"bd28\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://ailocalism.org/#about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://ailocalism.org/#about\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">AI Localism\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> \u003C/strong>focuses on how local governments and decision-makers address the governance of artificial intelligence to meet the unique needs and challenges of their communities. In contrast to broader national or global frameworks, AI Localism highlights the importance of context-specific approaches, enabling policymakers to calibrate AI governance to local conditions. By fostering proximity and immediacy, this approach aims to improve effectiveness, accountability, and trust in AI deployment.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"db46\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In 2024, the project \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/introducing-the-updated-ai-localism-repository-a-tool-for-local-ai-governance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/introducing-the-updated-ai-localism-repository-a-tool-for-local-ai-governance\">expanded its resources and outreach\u003C/a>. On July 19, The GovLab launched the updated \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://list.ailocalism.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://list.ailocalism.org/\">AI Localism Repository\u003C/a> with new search capabilities, case examples, and a specialized tagging system. The repository now categorizes global AI Localism initiatives by geographic region, governance mechanisms, and sector focus. These enhancements provide policymakers, researchers, and practitioners with a more comprehensive tool to track AI policies, regulatory developments, and public sector innovations.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"9775\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/ethical-ai-and-world-belief-systems-2fa753f13e5a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/ethical-ai-and-world-belief-systems-2fa753f13e5a\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Ethical AI and World Belief Systems:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> This blog, published through the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://thegovlab.org/project/project-data-stewards-network\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.org/project/project-data-stewards-network\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Data Stewards Network\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">,\u003C/em> explores the intersection of AI ethics with various world belief systems. By examining how different belief systems understand concepts like consciousness, morality, and the role of technology in society, it highlights the need for AI ethics guidelines that are more inclusive and considerate of diverse worldviews.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"8024\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*alz_Aulk_ypIclyj\" data-image-id=\"0*alz_Aulk_ypIclyj\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"764\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"9a2c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The project also contributed to critical discussions during \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aiweek.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aiweek.com/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">AI Week 2024\u003C/em>\u003C/a> on April 17. The GovLab co-hosted a panel, in collaboration with \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://urbanai.fr/about-us/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://urbanai.fr/about-us/\">Urban AI\u003C/a>, that explored how AI Localism can foster digital self-determination. The event \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/ailocalism-aiweek\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/ailocalism-aiweek\">featured discussions\u003C/a> on strategies cities like Bordeaux, Brussels, and Portland are using to govern AI responsibly and inclusively at the community level. Panelists underscored the role of participatory governance frameworks in addressing issues such as privacy, autonomy, and ethical AI use. Through updated tools, case studies, and convenings, the AI Localism project continues to document and analyze local efforts, providing actionable insights for advancing responsible AI governance.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"31d5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://data4migration.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://data4migration.org/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Big Data for Migration Alliance\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"e4b9\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*ZzWAMqahTQiU_Zeq\" data-image-id=\"0*ZzWAMqahTQiU_Zeq\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"411\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"1e8d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://data4migration.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://data4migration.org/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Big Data for Migration (BD4M) Alliance\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> is an initiative in collaboration with the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://gmdac.iom.int/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://gmdac.iom.int/\">International Organization for Migration’s Global Migration Data Analysis Centre (GMDAC)\u003C/a> and the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://commission.europa.eu/about/departments-and-executive-agencies/joint-research-centre_en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://commission.europa.eu/about/departments-and-executive-agencies/joint-research-centre_en\">European Commission’s Joint Research Centre\u003C/a>, aimed at improving migration policy and decision-making by leveraging innovative data and anticipatory methods. This project addresses the complex and dynamic nature of migration, shaped by interconnected drivers such as climate change, political instability, and economic challenges.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b264\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">BD4M’s work in 2024 focused on combining traditional and innovative methods to better anticipate migration trends. The project supported a shift toward proactive migration strategies by curating resources, sharing case studies, and developing tools that highlight evidence-based approaches for policymakers and practitioners:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"d88b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Launch of the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://data4migration.org/articles/new-bd4m-report-launch-building-a-policy-compass-navigating-future-migration-with-anticipatory-methods/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://data4migration.org/articles/new-bd4m-report-launch-building-a-policy-compass-navigating-future-migration-with-anticipatory-methods/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">“Building a Policy Compass: Navigating Future Migration with Anticipatory Methods”\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> Report: The report provides an overview of the challenges and criteria to consider when selecting and using anticipatory methods for migration policy, and deep dives into three key anticipatory methods — Scenario Planning, Early Warning Systems (EWS), and Cross-Impact Analysis (CIA) — analyzing each of them based on the identified challenges.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"256c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://data4migration.org/articles/repository-launch-launch-repository-of-80-real-life-examples-of-how-to-anticipate-migration-using-innovative-forecast-and-foresight-methods-is-now-live/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://data4migration.org/articles/repository-launch-launch-repository-of-80-real-life-examples-of-how-to-anticipate-migration-using-innovative-forecast-and-foresight-methods-is-now-live/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Launch of the Migration Anticipation Repository\u003C/strong>:\u003C/a> A dynamic, living repository of over 80 real-world examples was introduced, showcasing how innovative forecasting and foresight methods can anticipate migration patterns\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"62b1\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*PCTrtofcIzqPmLod\" data-image-id=\"0*PCTrtofcIzqPmLod\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"484\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"3920\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In 2024, BD4M explored key themes through a series of blogs, focusing on tools and strategies for anticipating migration trends:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"dea9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://data4migration.org/articles/new-bd4m-report-launch-building-a-policy-compass-navigating-future-migration-with-anticipatory-methods/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://data4migration.org/articles/new-bd4m-report-launch-building-a-policy-compass-navigating-future-migration-with-anticipatory-methods/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">70 Years of Trying to Improve Global Migration Statistics: Time for a New Approach:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> Examines historical challenges in global migration statistics and proposes forward-looking solutions.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"6191\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://data4migration.org/articles/repost-from-compas-70-years-of-trying-to-improve-global-migration-statistics-time-for-a-new-approach/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://data4migration.org/articles/repost-from-compas-70-years-of-trying-to-improve-global-migration-statistics-time-for-a-new-approach/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Building a Policy Compass: Navigating Future Migration with Anticipatory Methods:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> Highlights the need for a blended approach to anticipatory methods, including scenario planning, early warning systems, and cross-impact analysis, to guide evidence-based, proactive migration policies.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"9a62\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://data4migration.org/articles/blog-series-part-7-selecting-anticipatory-methods-for-migration-policy-eight-key-elements-to-consider/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://data4migration.org/articles/blog-series-part-7-selecting-anticipatory-methods-for-migration-policy-eight-key-elements-to-consider/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Selecting Anticipatory Methods for Migration Policy:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> Identifies eight criteria for selecting effective anticipatory methods, emphasizing factors like data availability, resource constraints, and stakeholder engagement​.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch4 id=\"41ad\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--h4-anchor\" href=\"https://www.data4philanthropy.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.data4philanthropy.net/\">DATA4Philanthropy\u003C/a>\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"c3a6\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*z950-LRTyMxZlbJK\" data-image-id=\"0*z950-LRTyMxZlbJK\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"385\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"545a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.data4philanthropy.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.data4philanthropy.net/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">DATA4Philanthropy\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> is a peer-to-peer learning network developed with the support of the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.paulramsayfoundation.org.au/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.paulramsayfoundation.org.au/\">Paul Ramsay Foundation\u003C/a> launched in February 2024 with the goal of advancing the responsible use of data-driven methods and tools across philanthropic grant-making processes. The platform, now also supported by the Siegel Endowment aims to:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"ad23\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Demystify Data and Methods: \u003C/strong>DATA4Philanthropy provides a series of primers on innovative data-driven methodologies.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"4fe4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Illustrate Uses Through Case Studies: \u003C/strong>DATA4Philanthropy offers \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/36999b0e-adba-4ae8-a61d-3ce6710b02ab\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/36999b0e-adba-4ae8-a61d-3ce6710b02ab\">tangible case studies\u003C/a> on how data has been applied within the philanthropic and social sectors.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"31a7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Curate Updates and Recent Developments: \u003C/strong>DATA4Philanthropy curates the latest innovative data-driven research and initiatives relevant to the grant-making cycle.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"4ece\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Build a Community: \u003C/strong>DATA4Philanthropy supports a growing network of philanthropic data leaders interested in applying innovative data-driven methodologies in their work and facilitating connections with data innovators.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"538f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">Toward this end, the team developed four in-depth primers on how innovative data-driven methodologies can be used across the grant-making process:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"301d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Participatory Sourcing of Questions: \u003C/strong>How to scope, formulate, and assess data-actionable research questions\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"7091\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Digital Ethnography: \u003C/strong>How to use digital technologies to learn about the shared ambitions, behavior, culture, and experiences of communities\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"b447\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Living Evidence and Visualization:\u003C/strong> How to (1) gather and combine evidence into a consolidated format using computational tools; and (2) update rapidly as new evidence emerges\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"2e95\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/8c482dae-97c7-4443-9798-5d7671a6bbb9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/8c482dae-97c7-4443-9798-5d7671a6bbb9\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Futures Studies\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">:\u003C/strong> How to examine systems change over time to anticipate and prepare for alternative future outcomes.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"cec8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">Throughout the year, the team also produced several blogs exploring concepts such as impact and evaluation, the use of AI in philanthropy, and open philanthropy. A few highlights include:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"9fb6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"http://pinions/data-as-a-catalyst-for-philanthropy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://pinions/data-as-a-catalyst-for-philanthropy/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Data as a Catalyst for Philanthropy:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> Originally published by the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://philea.eu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://philea.eu/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Philanthropy Europe Association\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, this article highlights the challenges faced by modern philanthropy and calls for reimagining how decisions are made and programs are designed. It underscores the critical role of data in helping philanthropic organizations optimize their decision-making processes, enable cross-sector partnerships, and enhance their impact. The piece explores how data stewardship can empower philanthropy to navigate the digital age more effectively, ensuring its practices are fair, inclusive, and aligned with the public good​.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"bde7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.data4philanthropy.net/updates/how-to-measure-impact-in-times-of-complexity-and-uncertainty\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.data4philanthropy.net/updates/how-to-measure-impact-in-times-of-complexity-and-uncertainty\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">How to Measure Impact in Times of Complexity and Uncertainty:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>This blog explores challenges in philanthropic impact evaluation and presents a framework developed by Prof. Ingrid Burkett and A/Prof. Joanne McNeill. The framework categorizes evaluation approaches based on when they occur and their intended goals, incorporating quantitative and qualitative methods. It highlights how values and beliefs influence evaluation processes, cautions against oversimplifying complexity during uncertain times, and emphasizes the importance of using diverse methods that are adaptable to varying contexts.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"b041\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.data4philanthropy.net/updates/the-importance-of-philanthropy-in-the-generative-ai-era\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.data4philanthropy.net/updates/the-importance-of-philanthropy-in-the-generative-ai-era\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">The Importance of Philanthropy in the Generative AI Era:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>The blog examines the role of philanthropy in addressing both the opportunities and risks of generative AI. Drawing on Kelly Born’s \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://ssir.org/articles/entry/10_ways_funders_can_address_generative_ai_now\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://ssir.org/articles/entry/10_ways_funders_can_address_generative_ai_now\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">“10 Ways Funders Can Address Generative AI”\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, it provides areas where funders can contribute, such as improving transparency in AI infrastructure, supporting ethical AI development, and fostering collaboration across sectors. The blog highlights the need for tailored training programs for public and nonprofit actors, updated governance frameworks, and more inclusive approaches to ensure AI’s societal impacts are effectively managed.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"8cae\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">The team also participated in two events hosted by \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.philanthropy.org.au/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.philanthropy.org.au/\">Philanthropy Australia\u003C/a>:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"fbd2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">The GovLab and the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.paulramsayfoundation.org.au/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.paulramsayfoundation.org.au/\">Paul Ramsay Foundation\u003C/a> participated in a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.philanthropy.org.au/news-and-stories/global-platform-launches-to-unleash-the-potential-of-data-in-philanthropy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.philanthropy.org.au/news-and-stories/global-platform-launches-to-unleash-the-potential-of-data-in-philanthropy/\">webinar\u003C/a> on February 5, 2024, hosted by Philanthropy Australia to launch the DATA4Philanthropy platform.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"1a4d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">On September 10, 2024, The GovLab’s Stefaan G. Verhulst and Hannah Chafetz led a session titled \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">“\u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.philanthropy.org.au/whats-on/philanthropy-evaluation-delivering-a-new-science-of-questioning-for-philanthropy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.philanthropy.org.au/whats-on/philanthropy-evaluation-delivering-a-new-science-of-questioning-for-philanthropy/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Delivering a New Science of Questioning for Philanthropy”\u003C/em>\u003C/a> with \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.philanthropy.org.au/about-us/phil-eval/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.philanthropy.org.au/about-us/phil-eval/\">Philanthropy Australia’s Impact and Evaluation Network\u003C/a>. The hour-long event focused on how philanthropies can co-develop and prioritize questions with communities of interest and use participatory approaches can improve how philanthropies can measure impact.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch4 id=\"3b29\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--h4-anchor\" href=\"https://www.idsd.network/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.idsd.network/\">International Network on Digital Self-Determination\u003C/a>\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"04bf\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*ynDZxDrEIdVH24TD\" data-image-id=\"0*ynDZxDrEIdVH24TD\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"221\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"9df7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.idsd.network/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.idsd.network/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">International Network on Digital Self-Determination (IDSD)\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> focuses on empowering individuals and communities to make informed decisions about the management and reuse of their data, ensuring benefits to both themselves and society. The initiative translates \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/7b226f48-74a1-4a08-aecf-bbe64652f298/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/7b226f48-74a1-4a08-aecf-bbe64652f298/\">digital self-determination (DSD) principles\u003C/a> into practice by connecting diverse global actors, exploring use cases, and developing frameworks to guide ethical data governance.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b697\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Throughout the year, IDSD published reports and blogs exploring the principles, relevance, and practical applications of DSD, highlighting its role in fostering equitable data governance and empowering communities:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"bc82\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/a-dsd-approach-to-the-challenges-of-mass-data-sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/a-dsd-approach-to-the-challenges-of-mass-data-sharing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">A DSD Approach to the Challenges of Mass Data Sharing:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> This piece examines the challenges of mass data sharing in smart cities, focusing on the merging of public and private data systems that became prevalent during the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.kas.de/en/web/rspa/single-title/-/content/publication-mass-data-sharing-in-smart-cities-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.kas.de/en/web/rspa/single-title/-/content/publication-mass-data-sharing-in-smart-cities-1\">report\u003C/a> by \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.kas.de/de/web/politikdialog-asien/home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.kas.de/de/web/politikdialog-asien/home\">KAS (Singapore)\u003C/a>, it highlights governance issues in areas such as health and education, emphasizing concerns about data integrity, citizen awareness, and the adequacy of existing regulatory frameworks. It explores how DSD principles address these challenges through citizen-centric governance, stakeholder participation, and a tailored model for complex data-sharing ecosystems.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"3fa1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/four-key-steps-for-a-responsible-and-equitable-data-future\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/four-key-steps-for-a-responsible-and-equitable-data-future\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Four Key Steps for a Responsible and Equitable Data Future:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>This blog discusses four key steps for advancing the goals of the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.un.org/techenvoy/global-digital-compact\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.un.org/techenvoy/global-digital-compact\">Global Digital Compact (GDC)\u003C/a> in efforts to create a more inclusive and secure digital ecosystem. These steps include advancing DSD through context-specific governance models that incorporate community input; fostering systematic data collaboration to address data silos and enable public good uses; re-imagining data stewardship by defining clear roles, responsibilities, and best practices; and adopting a question-centric approach to prioritize global digital challenges effectively.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"9d01\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/julia-janssens-fight-against-digital-heteronomy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/julia-janssens-fight-against-digital-heteronomy\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Julia Janssen’s Fight Against Digital Heteronomy:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>Julia Janssen’s project \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://studiojuliajanssen.com/projecten/mapping-the-oblivion/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://studiojuliajanssen.com/projecten/mapping-the-oblivion/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Mapping the Oblivion\u003C/em>\u003C/a> explores the concept of digital heteronomy, visualizing how Netflix’s algorithmic prediction models shape and constrain human choices. By revealing the influence of data-driven systems on individual autonomy, Janssen raises critical questions about the trade-offs between convenience and personal agency in an algorithmic world. Her work advocates for greater control over personal data and highlights the importance of preserving spontaneity, creativity, and freedom in digital spaces. The blog emphasizes the need for systems that value fairness and individuality over efficiency and profit to ensure human agency remains central in the digital age.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"6ade\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/leveraging-data-for-global-progress\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/leveraging-data-for-global-progress\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Leveraging Data for Global Progress:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>This blog outlines a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.t20brasil.org/media/documentos/arquivos/TF05_ST_06_Advocating_an_Inter66cf6ad8f1a90.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.t20brasil.org/media/documentos/arquivos/TF05_ST_06_Advocating_an_Inter66cf6ad8f1a90.pdf\">proposal for an International Decade of Data (IDD) from 2025–2035\u003C/a>, initiated under the G20, to enhance global collaboration in data governance. It identifies challenges such as unequal access to data, balancing privacy with data sharing, and fragmented governance structures. The proposal suggests initiatives like promoting DSD, establishing structured data-sharing agreements, developing experimental data sandboxes, and defining roles for data stewards. The G20 is positioned as a key player in coordinating these efforts to address data governance challenges and support sustainable development goals.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"c3c2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/positioning-digital-self-determination-with-other-governance-models\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/positioning-digital-self-determination-with-other-governance-models\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Positioning Digital Self-Determination with Other Government Models:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>This blog examines how proposed AI governance models, such as France, Germany, and Italy’s “mandatory self-regulation” framework, align with DSD principles. It highlights tools like model cards, transparency requirements, and external oversight to ensure responsible AI applications while emphasizing the regulation of data use over technology. The piece draws parallels with DSD’s focus on mutual trust, power balance, and participatory data governance, comparing these efforts to initiatives like the UK AI Bill and U.S. legislative proposals.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"876e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/new-publication-navigating-the-path-to-digital-self-determination-in-developing-countries-through-social-licence-and-public-engagement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/new-publication-navigating-the-path-to-digital-self-determination-in-developing-countries-through-social-licence-and-public-engagement\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Responsible Data Re-Use in Developing Countries:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>This \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.afd.fr/en/ressources/responsible-data-re-use-developing-countries-social-licence-through-public-engagement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.afd.fr/en/ressources/responsible-data-re-use-developing-countries-social-licence-through-public-engagement\">report\u003C/a> by Stefaan G. Verhulst, Laura Sandor, Natalia Mejia Pardo, Elena Murray (\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://datatank.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://datatank.org/\">The Data Tank\u003C/a>), and Peter Addo (\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.afd.fr/fr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.afd.fr/fr\">Agence Française de Développement\u003C/a>) explores how data re-use in developing countries can be made more equitable and trusted. The authors highlight challenges like agency asymmetries, insufficient infrastructure, and distrust in data governance frameworks. To address these, they propose a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/the-need-for-new-methods-to-establish-the-social-license-for-data-reuse-e7c67bdc4aff\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/the-need-for-new-methods-to-establish-the-social-license-for-data-reuse-e7c67bdc4aff\">“Social License”\u003C/a> model, which emphasizes community-centric engagement, trust-building, and collective decision-making beyond traditional individual consent. The report includes case studies from Colombia, Senegal, and Nepal, illustrating successful approaches to data re-use through public participation, tailored engagement, and context-specific governance strategies​.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"c91d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">This past year, the network released five use cases showcasing how DSD principles are applied across sectors:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"bbe1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/new-use-case-digital-self-determination-and-education\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/new-use-case-digital-self-determination-and-education\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Education:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> Examines how DSD principles can support equitable access to digital education resources while ensuring data privacy for students.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"1e96\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/new-use-case-digital-self-determination-of-migrants\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/new-use-case-digital-self-determination-of-migrants\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Migrant Rights:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> Develops frameworks for migrants to have control over how their data is used, fostering trust and access to essential services.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"58c7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/new-use-case-digital-self-determination-and-mobile-money\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/new-use-case-digital-self-determination-and-mobile-money\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Mobile Money:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>Explores Kenya’s mobile money sector to enhance financial inclusion while prioritizing data transparency and trust.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"502b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/new-use-case-digital-self-determination-and-open-finance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/new-use-case-digital-self-determination-and-open-finance\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Open Finance\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>: Applies DSD to empower individuals to make informed financial decisions through responsible data governance.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"ad70\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/new-use-case-digital-self-determination-and-tourism-in-lucerne\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/new-use-case-digital-self-determination-and-tourism-in-lucerne\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Tourism:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> Addresses overtourism in Lucerne, Switzerland, through digital solutions that respect personal data autonomy while improving visitor flow management​.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"697b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">IDSD published a three-part blog series by Mark Findlay that examines the foundational principles, relevance, and practical applications of DSD within the context of data governance:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"28b4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/so-what-about-digital-self-determination\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/so-what-about-digital-self-determination\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">So, What About Digital Self-Determination?\u003C/strong>:\u003C/a> The first part of the series introduces the foundational principles of DSD, emphasizing its role in empowering individuals and communities to manage their data in an increasingly digital landscape. Findlay highlights how DSD moves beyond traditional governance approaches, focusing on trust, transparency, and mutual benefits in data relationships​.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"7fdc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/the-importance-of-digital-self-determination-why-it-matters-to-you\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/the-importance-of-digital-self-determination-why-it-matters-to-you\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">The Importance of Digital Self-Determination: Why It Matters to You:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> This second installment examines why DSD is critical in today’s data-driven world. It underscores how DSD addresses gaps left by existing frameworks, particularly those focused on individual privacy or AI regulation. The blog argues that DSD is essential for fostering equitable and responsible data use, ensuring communities retain agency and control over their data​.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"783a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/exploring-use-cases-and-integrating-digital-self-determination-with-data-governance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/exploring-use-cases-and-integrating-digital-self-determination-with-data-governance\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Exploring Use Cases and Integrating Digital Self-Determination with Data Governance:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> The final blog shifts to practical applications, showcasing how DSD can be operationalized across various contexts. Findlay discusses real-world examples and use cases where DSD principles have been implemented to enhance data governance and community participation. The blog emphasizes that DSD is complementary to existing regulations and can help address power asymmetries within data ecosystems.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"b8ee\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">In 2024, IDSD played a pivotal role in advancing conversations on digital sovereignty and equitable data governance through key events and global engagements:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"916c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">On January 17, 2024, during the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.weforum.org/meetings/world-economic-forum-annual-meeting-2024/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.weforum.org/meetings/world-economic-forum-annual-meeting-2024/\">2024 World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos\u003C/a>, The GovLab, in collaboration with the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.fdfa.admin.ch/eda/en/home.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.fdfa.admin.ch/eda/en/home.html\">Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs (FDFA)\u003C/a>, officially launched the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.idsd.network/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.idsd.network/\">International Network of Digital Self-Determination\u003C/a> website. The session, titled \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">“\u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/digital-self-determination-and-digital-sovereignty-in-the-geopolitical-arena\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/digital-self-determination-and-digital-sovereignty-in-the-geopolitical-arena\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Navigating Today’s Geopolitical Landscape through the Lens of Digital Sovereignty and Digital Self-Determination\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">,”\u003C/em> began with a keynote that highlighted the challenges and opportunities of digital data governance. Discussions explored the concepts of digital sovereignty and self-determination, emphasizing innovative approaches to empower individuals and communities while addressing global data asymmetries.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"9038\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The IDSD participated in the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://unctad.org/meeting/commission-science-and-technology-development-twenty-seventh-session\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://unctad.org/meeting/commission-science-and-technology-development-twenty-seventh-session\">27th Commission on Science and Technology for Development (CSTD)\u003C/a> in Geneva from April 16–17, 2024. The event included \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/insights-from-the-27th-commission-on-science-and-technology-for-development-in-geneva\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/insights-from-the-27th-commission-on-science-and-technology-for-development-in-geneva\">a speech by Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/a>, addressing the potential of DSD to enhance data reuse while ensuring equitable governance. Discussions covered the challenges of power asymmetries, the need to redefine “communities” in data governance, and strategies for balancing individual and collective data rights.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"b8d4\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*scRUdI152iJ2oEcM\" data-image-id=\"0*scRUdI152iJ2oEcM\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"520\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"9a56\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--figure\">IDSD participated in \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.ictforag.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.ictforag.com/\">ICTforAg\u003C/a>, an annual convening focused on addressing challenges in agrifood systems across low and middle-income countries. Held on May 30, 2024, the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://zoom.us/rec/play/VGeu7t0cm38VFq5iHv4yYCt-5jTmMscI5_n5IN6wHTVjoA5umSA39I8FNpr3gkodThhqwVJaNntg8kPr.ocTULUE7OdqFjJ5a?autoplay=true&startTime=1713362601000\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://zoom.us/rec/play/VGeu7t0cm38VFq5iHv4yYCt-5jTmMscI5_n5IN6wHTVjoA5umSA39I8FNpr3gkodThhqwVJaNntg8kPr.ocTULUE7OdqFjJ5a?autoplay=true&startTime=1713362601000\">session explored how DSD can empower farmers\u003C/a> to manage and control their agricultural data, highlighting equitable data governance, farmer agency, and real-world examples of DSD principles improving livelihoods and balancing power dynamics in agrifood systems.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"2afb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">On June 11, 2024, The GovLab participated in the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://privacysymposium.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://privacysymposium.org/\">Privacy Symposium\u003C/a> at Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, contributing to the Data for Good panel session with a focus on DSD. Held in Aula Mario Baratto, the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://privacysymposium.org/programme-overview-2024/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://privacysymposium.org/programme-overview-2024/\">session\u003C/a> explored the importance of empowering individuals and communities to manage their data in ways that benefit both themselves and society. The panel discussed how data-driven insights can address pressing social and environmental challenges, the necessary steps to ensure equitable access to data and its benefits, and the role of public and private partnerships in maximizing data’s potential for good.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"5152\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://forum.swissdataalliance.ch/#about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://forum.swissdataalliance.ch/#about\">The Swiss Data Space Forum\u003C/a>, hosted by the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.swissdataalliance.ch/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.swissdataalliance.ch/\">Swiss Data Alliance\u003C/a>, marked its first conference exploring data spaces on October 30, 2024. Co-chaired by Stefaan Verhulst of The GovLab and Boris Otto of the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.isst.fraunhofer.de/en.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.isst.fraunhofer.de/en.html\">Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering ISST\u003C/a>. Stefaan Verhulst emphasized the critical role of data commons and systematic collaboration to unlock data-driven innovations, enabling public value creation while balancing sovereignty and shared access. IDSD also participated in the Forum, sharing insights on how DSD principles can guide the development of ethical, community-centric data spaces that empower individuals with control over their data.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"9b5a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">From November 12–15, 2024, The GovLab participated in the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://unstats.un.org/unsd/undataforum/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://unstats.un.org/unsd/undataforum/\">UN World Data Forum\u003C/a> in Medellín, Colombia, an event organized to spur data innovation, mobilize political and financial support for data, and advance sustainable development. The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst joined several key panels, including a high-level plenary under \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://unstats.un.org/unsd/undataforum/programme/ConceptNote_TA3_plenary-WEBSITE.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://unstats.un.org/unsd/undataforum/programme/ConceptNote_TA3_plenary-WEBSITE.pdf\">Thematic Area 3 on \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Building Trust, Protection, and Ethics in Data.\u003C/em>\u003C/a> This session explored how to balance the full value of data use with protecting privacy and rights — an area where DSD plays a critical role. Additionally, Verhulst participated in discussions on the migration data ecosystem and data governance fit for children, emphasizing the importance of trust, ethics, and inclusivity in the evolving data landscape.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"7620\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">On December 6, 2024, we participated in the event “Multi-stakeholder Approaches to Govern and Design New Digital Public Infrastructure”, co-organized by the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://cdpi.dev/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://cdpi.dev/\">Centre for Digital Public Infrastructure (CDPI)\u003C/a> and Co-Develop in Brasília, Brazil. During the Panel on Participatory Governance of Digital Public Infrastructure, we presented our perspective on how the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.undp.org/digital/digital-public-infrastructure\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.undp.org/digital/digital-public-infrastructure\">Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI)\u003C/a> movement could benefit from adopting the concept of DSD as a complement to the dominant narrative of digital sovereignty. Our intervention argued that while digital sovereignty emphasizes state control over infrastructure, DSD expands this framework by centering community agency, shared governance, and responsible data practices.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch4 id=\"17cf\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--h4-anchor\" href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org/\">Kluz Prize for PeaceTech\u003C/a>\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"5a05\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*ztzRRzqVmFpeQsSI\" data-image-id=\"0*ztzRRzqVmFpeQsSI\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"422\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"020e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org/\">Kluz Prize for PeaceTech\u003C/a> is a yearly initiative by Kluz Ventures that aims to recognize and support innovations that leverage technology to promote peace, resolve conflicts, and safeguard human rights across the globe. In 2024, the initiative continued to promote PeaceTech through events, publications, and discussions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8f32\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The GovLab hosted a webinar on May 31, 2024, titled \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org/updates/trailblazing-technologies-for-peace\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org/updates/trailblazing-technologies-for-peace\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“PeaceTech: Trailblazing Technologies for Peace.”\u003C/em>\u003C/a> The session brought together experts from the PeaceTech community to reflect on their experiences developing technologies for peace and the progress made since participating in the 2023 Prize.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"54e5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">On September 20, 2024, The GovLab participated in the annual \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org/events/2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org/events/2024\">Kluz Prize for PeaceTech Award Ceremony\u003C/a>. The event brought together leaders, policymakers, peacebuilders, and technologists to showcase innovations that help foster peace, resolve conflict, or rebuild post-conflict. The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst moderated a panel discussion focusing on the opportunities and barriers to accelerating emerging technologies for peace. The event honored four projects–\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aerobotics7.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aerobotics7.com/\">Aerobotics7\u003C/a>, the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.thedeep.io/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.thedeep.io/\">Data Entry and Exploration Platform (DEEP)\u003C/a> by the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://drc.ngo/what-we-do/core-sectors/protection/protection-analysis-and-data-entry-exploration-platform-deep/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://drc.ngo/what-we-do/core-sectors/protection/protection-analysis-and-data-entry-exploration-platform-deep/\">Danish Refugee Council\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.lunasonde.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.lunasonde.com/\">Lunasonde\u003C/a>, and the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://viewsforecasting.org/about/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://viewsforecasting.org/about/\">VIEWS research consortium\u003C/a>–for their contributions to the PeaceTech movement.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"07d6\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*PtAU2dyMwsBhxdlE\" data-image-id=\"0*PtAU2dyMwsBhxdlE\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"750\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"3575\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">As part of this work, The GovLab produced several blogs with Kluz Ventures:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"819c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org/updates/how-artificial-intelligence-can-support-peace\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org/updates/how-artificial-intelligence-can-support-peace\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">How Artificial Intelligence Can Support Peace:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>Presents case studies showcasing AI applications in conflict prevention, humanitarian efforts, and post-conflict recovery–drawing on the work of distinguished Kluz Prize for PeaceTech participants.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"3d3f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org/updates/rethinking-dual-use-technology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org/updates/rethinking-dual-use-technology\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Rethinking Dual-Use Technology:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> Examines how technologies traditionally used for military or commercial purposes can be reimagined to support peacebuilding. The blog introduces the concept of \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">“triple use,”\u003C/em> where technologies can serve defense, commercial, and humanitarian goals, and discusses the challenges and opportunities for scaling such solutions.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"f10a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org/updates/insights-from-the-2024-kluz-prize-for-peacetech-award-ceremony\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org/updates/insights-from-the-2024-kluz-prize-for-peacetech-award-ceremony\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Insights from the 2024 Kluz Prize for PeaceTech Award Ceremony\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> Highlights key discussions from the event, which explored the role of emerging technologies in fostering peace and addressing global conflicts. Panelists emphasized the importance of building reliable data infrastructure, improving collaboration across sectors, and addressing barriers to scaling PeaceTech solutions. ​\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"b9a1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/the-future-of-peacebuilding-why-investing-in-peacetech-is-essential-in-todays-geopolitics-46d454a48c88\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/the-future-of-peacebuilding-why-investing-in-peacetech-is-essential-in-todays-geopolitics-46d454a48c88\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">The Future of Peacebuilding: Why Investing in PeaceTech is Essential in Today’s Geopolitics:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> Explores the role of technology in peacebuilding and conflict prevention within today’s geopolitical landscape. It argues for investing in “peacetech” — the responsible use of technology to build peace and prevent conflicts — as an essential strategy to address global challenges. Highlighting applications such as early warning systems, AI-driven conflict prediction models, and humanitarian digital infrastructure, the piece emphasizes the importance of ethical standards, international cooperation, and digital solidarity to ensure technology fosters stability, inclusivity, and global security.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"fdcd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/unlocking-technology-for-peacebuilding-the-munich-security-conferences-role-in-empowering-a-7d017c36b40c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/unlocking-technology-for-peacebuilding-the-munich-security-conferences-role-in-empowering-a-7d017c36b40c\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Unlocking Technology for Peacebuilding: The Munich Security Conference’s Role in Empowering a PeaceTech Movement:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> Examines discussions from the Munich Security Conference on the role of technology in peacebuilding amidst rising global tensions. It emphasizes the potential of “Peacetech” technologies aimed at preventing conflict, supporting humanitarian efforts, and fostering long-term peace. The piece explores case studies, including the use of satellite imagery, AI-driven tools, and digital platforms for early conflict detection, community engagement, and post-conflict reconstruction.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch4 id=\"be61\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">A New Science of Questions\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"1839\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*ZGawmFItKAfek2dt\" data-image-id=\"0*ZGawmFItKAfek2dt\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"593\">\n\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Image by Laurin Steffens from \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/a-group-of-white-and-orange-objects-IVGZ6NsmyBI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/a-group-of-white-and-orange-objects-IVGZ6NsmyBI\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Unsplash\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"9c8d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Questions Science focuses on the importance of formulating, prioritizing, and addressing questions to support effective and adaptive governance. It recognizes questions as essential tools for uncovering insights, identifying biases, and improving collective decision-making. This approach emphasizes participatory methods, such as co-creation and crowdsourcing, to incorporate diverse perspectives and ensure decision-making processes reflect the needs of those most affected. By shifting focus from answers to the quality of questions asked, this science aims to bridge gaps in policymaking, leverage technological advancements like AI, and address systemic challenges more effectively.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"d4b4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/selected-readings-exploring-the-power-of-questions-for-society-45bebb347bd4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/selected-readings-exploring-the-power-of-questions-for-society-45bebb347bd4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Selected Readings: Exploring the Power of Questions For Society:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>Through the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://thegovlab.org/project/project-data-stewards-network\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.org/project/project-data-stewards-network\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Data Stewards Network\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, this collection of selected readings explores new approaches to formulating questions, how questions benefit public policy-making and democracy, the importance of increasing the capacity for questioning at the individual level, and the role of questions in the age of AI and prompt engineering. Taken as a whole, they underscore the need for a new science of questioning — a new discipline focused on integrating participatory approaches for identifying, prioritizing, and addressing questions for society.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"faf2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://ssir.org/articles/entry/resilient-democracy-asking-better-questions#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://ssir.org/articles/entry/resilient-democracy-asking-better-questions#\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">The Critical Role of Questions in Building Resilient Democracies:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> Published in the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://ssir.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://ssir.org/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Stanford Social Innovation Review\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, this article explores the role of questions in strengthening democracies amid global challenges such as declining trust in institutions and rising social fragmentation. It highlights how inclusive, iterative questioning processes can enhance policymaking, address biases, and foster collective intelligence. The piece introduces a “new science of questions,” which emphasizes participatory approaches and the integration of diverse perspectives to guide more effective and adaptive governance.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch4 id=\"c5b7\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--h4-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/\">Responsible Data for Children\u003C/a>\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"5d2b\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Zw6GWex84xySPwBr\" data-image-id=\"0*Zw6GWex84xySPwBr\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"408\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"86a6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Responsible Data for Children (RD4C)\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> initiative, a collaboration between \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.unicef.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.unicef.org/\">UNICEF\u003C/a> and The GovLab, focuses on advancing best practices for managing and using children’s data responsibly. The initiative addresses practical considerations across the data lifecycle, balancing the potential benefits of data-driven interventions with the critical need to safeguard children’s rights and well-being.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8c73\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In 2024, RD4C released several resources and hosted expert discussions that addressed emerging challenges in the context of AI and non-traditional data sources. Key highlights include:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"93fd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/learning-package-for-responsible-data-for-refugee-children\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/learning-package-for-responsible-data-for-refugee-children\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Learning Package for Responsible Data for Refugee Children\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>: This is a toolkit and 90-minute webinar series that provided guidance to UN officials on ways that development and humanitarian practitioners around the world can reinforce data responsibility principles and practices in their daily work with and for children. It helped practitioners understand why data is important, what data responsibility matters, and what principles they should embrace when it comes to data use in development contexts.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"2689\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/guest-blog-empowering-youth-with-child-aligned-ai/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/guest-blog-empowering-youth-with-child-aligned-ai/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Empowering Youth with Child-Aligned AI:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> This guest blog authored by John-Matthew Conely, examines the intersection of the RD4C Principles with AI. The piece highlights how AI systems must be tailored to protect children’s unique needs, often overlooked in broader AI discussions​.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"1fe7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/youth-voices-on-the-digital-table-youth-need-a-voice-not-just-a-seat/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/youth-voices-on-the-digital-table-youth-need-a-voice-not-just-a-seat/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">On the Digital Table, Youth Need a Voice, Not Just a Seat:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>This guest blog discusses the importance of involving young people in shaping data policies as active contributors rather than passive participants. It examines barriers to youth engagement, including outdated legislation, limited corporate responsiveness to change, and exclusionary policymaking. The blog advocates for formal roles for youth in decision-making processes to ensure that digital policies reflect diverse perspectives and address the specific experiences of young people.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"6d0d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/new-publication-responsible-data-for-children-in-the-context-of-ai-and-emerging-technology/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/new-publication-responsible-data-for-children-in-the-context-of-ai-and-emerging-technology/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Responsible Data for Children in the Context of AI and Emerging Technology:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>The GovLab’s Andrew J. Zahuranec, Stefaan Verhulst, Eugenia Olliaro, Friederike Schuur, and Krisana Messerli published reflections from an expert conversation exploring the ethical considerations and challenges of ensuring child-centered approaches in AI governance and implementation.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"ede6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/RD4C_Responsible_NTD_Sources.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/RD4C_Responsible_NTD_Sources.pdf\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Responsibly Using and Reusing Non-Traditional Data Sources for Service Provision to Children:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>This report provides due diligence frameworks for implementing non-traditional data in services aimed at children, addressing risks such as data misuse while underscoring opportunities for improving social interventions​.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"65d3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/youth-voices-whos-really-watching-the-hidden-data-risks-of-childrens-phone-watches/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/youth-voices-whos-really-watching-the-hidden-data-risks-of-childrens-phone-watches/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Who’s Really Watching? The Hidden Data Risks of Children’s “Phone Watches”:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>This guest blog examines the privacy and governance challenges associated with smart devices designed for children. It highlights the collection of sensitive data, such as location and biometric information, by these devices and identifies gaps in informed consent, regulatory oversight, and industry self-regulation. The blog calls for stronger legal frameworks, enhanced parental digital literacy, and greater youth participation in shaping data policies to ensure children’s data is handled responsibly.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"12e0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/new-publication-why-responsible-data-for-children-matters-when-designing-a-child-wellbeing-monitoring-program/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/new-publication-why-responsible-data-for-children-matters-when-designing-a-child-wellbeing-monitoring-program/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Why Responsible Data for Children Matters When Designing a Child Wellbeing Monitoring Program:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> This blog emphasizes the importance of trust, system performance, and harm prevention when handling data for children. The publication highlighted lessons from UNICEF China’s efforts to track the well-being of vulnerable children through responsible data practices​.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"f616\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/youth-voices-youth-leading-the-way-innovating-data-governance-in-humanitarian-aid/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/youth-voices-youth-leading-the-way-innovating-data-governance-in-humanitarian-aid/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Youth Leading the Way: Innovating Data Governance in Humanitarian Aid:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>This guest blog examines the dual risks and opportunities of data use in humanitarian contexts, such as the potential for data misuse and the benefits of improved targeting of aid through data analytics. The blog discusses youth-driven innovations in data governance, focusing on their efforts to raise awareness of data policies, address data inconsistencies, promote ethical AI practices, and advocate for transparent data sharing in humanitarian efforts.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch4 id=\"05d2\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">Cross-Cutting Publications and Thought Leadership\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cp id=\"7028\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Publications this year included a diverse array of topics reflecting our expertise across multiple domains:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"37c2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/@TheDataTank/access-signal-action-data-stewardship-lessons-from-valencias-floods-533d89162b39\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheDataTank/access-signal-action-data-stewardship-lessons-from-valencias-floods-533d89162b39\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Access, Signal, Action: Data Stewardship Lessons from Valencia’s Floods:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> Published through \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://datatank.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://datatank.org/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">The Data Tank\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, this article highlights the devastating floods in Valencia as a case study to examine challenges in accessing and utilizing critical data during crises. Despite the abundance of data, signals were missed, obscured, or delayed, raising critical questions about data stewardship. The article underscores the need for timely access to actionable data, the importance of filtering signals from noise, and the challenge of turning clear signals into coordinated action. It advocates for improving data accessibility, curating trusted information, and integrating community participation to strengthen crisis response systems.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"8bc0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/are-we-ready-for-the-next-pandemic-1db2e40b3f80\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/are-we-ready-for-the-next-pandemic-1db2e40b3f80\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Are We Ready for the Next Pandemic? Navigating the First and Last Mile Challenges in Data Utilization:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>This article examines whether the world is prepared for the next pandemic. It emphasizes ongoing challenges in accessing and reusing data — particularly non-traditional sources — needed for pandemic preparedness and response. Drawing on insights from a high-level workshop held in Brussels as part of the ESCAPE program, the authors present ten recommendations to advance data access and reuse. These include addressing first-mile issues of data availability and last-mile challenges of translating data into action to ensure a more resilient and adaptive global health system.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"ffa3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/civic-trust-whats-in-a-concept-c73f77c95581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/civic-trust-whats-in-a-concept-c73f77c95581\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Civic Trust: What’s in a Concept?:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> Through the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://thegovlab.org/project/project-data-stewards-network\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.org/project/project-data-stewards-network\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Data Stewards Network\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, this piece explored the concept of civic trust amid a noticeable decline in trust toward institutions. The work, conducted in collaboration with the New York City Civic Engagement Commission, identified challenges in defining and measuring civic trust. It presented a framework categorizing civic trust into descriptive, diagnostic, and evaluative measures to better understand its nuances and develop actionable strategies for strengthening public engagement.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"e106\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/@TheDataTank/key-lesson-of-this-years-nobel-prize-the-importance-of-unlocking-data-reuse-responsibly-to-366dc903bab1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheDataTank/key-lesson-of-this-years-nobel-prize-the-importance-of-unlocking-data-reuse-responsibly-to-366dc903bab1\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Key Lesson of This Year’s Nobel Prize: The Importance of Unlocking Data Reuse Responsibly to Advance Science and Improve People’s Lives:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>Published through \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://datatank.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://datatank.org/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">The Data Tank\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, this article explores how the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2023/summary/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2023/summary/\">2023 Nobel Prize for Chemistry\u003C/a> highlights the importance of unlocking data reuse responsibly to advance science and improve people’s lives. It emphasizes that the breakthroughs in predicting protein structures, which have significant medical applications, were made possible by the availability of standardized, high-quality datasets. However, it argues that such open and curated datasets remain rare, underscoring the need to promote responsible data reuse to accelerate scientific progress and innovation.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"eff7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://unu.edu/cpr/blog-post/making-global-digital-compact-reality\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://unu.edu/cpr/blog-post/making-global-digital-compact-reality\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Making the Global Digital Compact a Reality:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>Published through the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://unu.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://unu.edu/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">United Nations University\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, this article emphasizes the importance of implementing the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.un.org/techenvoy/global-digital-compact\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.un.org/techenvoy/global-digital-compact\">UN Secretary-General’s Global Digital Compact\u003C/a> to address pressing digital governance challenges. It outlines four pathways for operationalizing the Compact to create a more vibrant and responsive global digital commons: advancing digital self-determination, making data collaboration more systematic, reimagining data stewardship, and prioritizing question-centric approaches over data-centric ones.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"12dc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/misuse-versus-missed-use-the-urgent-need-for-chief-data-stewards-in-the-age-of-ai-41359cec585c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/misuse-versus-missed-use-the-urgent-need-for-chief-data-stewards-in-the-age-of-ai-41359cec585c\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Misuse versus Missed Use — the Urgent Need for Chief Data Stewards in the Age of AI:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>Published on the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Data & Policy\u003C/em>\u003C/a> blog, this piece highlights the growing role of Chief AI Officers (CAIOs) in ensuring responsible AI use. It argues that beyond avoiding misuse, CAIOs must also focus on opportunities for public good. Drawing on the role of Chief Data Stewards (CDS), the article underscores how CDS competencies — such as fostering data collaboration, ensuring data governance, and enabling data reusability — can offer a valuable template for CAIOs to balance risks and opportunities in AI governance.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"347d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/organizations-face-challenges-in-timely-compliance-with-the-eu-ai-act/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/organizations-face-challenges-in-timely-compliance-with-the-eu-ai-act/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Organizations Face Challenges in Timely Compliance With the EU AI Act:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>Published in \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://sloanreview.mit.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://sloanreview.mit.edu/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">MIT Sloan Management Review\u003C/em>\u003C/a> in collaboration with \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.bcg.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.bcg.com/\">Boston Consulting Group\u003C/a>, this analysis explores the challenges organizations face in achieving timely compliance with the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/regulatory-framework-ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/regulatory-framework-ai\">European Union’s AI Act\u003C/a>, the first comprehensive AI law. The piece highlights expert perspectives on organizational readiness to address AI-related risks, noting significant challenges and the need for considerable expertise to ensure compliance. It concludes with recommendations to help organizations effectively meet the Act’s requirements.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"7367\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/outpacing-pandemics-solving-the-first-and-last-mile-challenges-of-data-driven-policy-making-c7f8ef6662a4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/outpacing-pandemics-solving-the-first-and-last-mile-challenges-of-data-driven-policy-making-c7f8ef6662a4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Outpacing Pandemics: Solving the First and Last Mile Challenges of Data-Driven Policy Making:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> This \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Data & Policy\u003C/em>\u003C/a> publication examines the “first-mile” challenge of accessing and analyzing data at the onset of a pandemic and the “last mile” challenge of translating that data into actionable policies. It underscores the importance of institutionalizing data stewardship and highlights the role of innovative approaches, such as Decision Accelerator Labs, in overcoming barriers to effective data use. The piece offers recommendations for closing gaps in data availability, quality, and usability to improve pandemic preparedness and response.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"8c43\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.afd.fr/en/ressources/responsible-data-re-use-developing-countries-social-licence-through-public-engagement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.afd.fr/en/ressources/responsible-data-re-use-developing-countries-social-licence-through-public-engagement\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Responsible Data Re-Use in Developing Countries: Social License through Public Engagement:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> Published as a technical report for the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.afd.fr/en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.afd.fr/en\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Agence Française de Développement\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, this piece explores the challenges and opportunities of data re-use in developing countries. It highlights issues such as insufficient data quality, limited infrastructure, and disparities in decision-making authority, which contribute to public distrust. To address these challenges, the report advocates for a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/the-need-for-new-methods-to-establish-the-social-license-for-data-reuse-e7c67bdc4aff\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/the-need-for-new-methods-to-establish-the-social-license-for-data-reuse-e7c67bdc4aff\">social license\u003C/a> approach — a community-centered framework that fosters responsible data practices, builds trust, and ensures benefits for all stakeholders.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"ce4d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/a51c1121-9fb9-11ee-b164-01aa75ed71a1/language-en/format-PDF/source-search\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/a51c1121-9fb9-11ee-b164-01aa75ed71a1/language-en/format-PDF/source-search\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Tackling Today’s Data Dichotomy: Unveiling the Paradox of Abundant Supply and Restricted Access in the Quest for Social Equity:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> Published in the \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">European Union’s Bulletin on “Social Value Creation,”\u003C/em> this piece examines the paradox of living in an era of unprecedented data supply that remains largely inaccessible due to private ownership and public sector silos. It argues for the adoption of social licensing and the expanded role of data stewards to increase access to data in ways that are responsible, responsive, and aligned with public expectations.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"cb16\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.18107\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.18107\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">The Need for Climate Data Stewardship: 10 Tensions and Reflections regarding Climate Data Governance\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">: \u003C/strong>Published on \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://arxiv.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://arxiv.org/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">ArXiv\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, this paper examines ten core tensions in climate data governance, such as the diversity of data sources, access inequalities, and balancing local needs with global imperatives. It argues for a paradigm shift toward multi-stakeholder governance and equitable data practices, emphasizing the critical role of data stewards in navigating these challenges. By fostering responsible data use, the paper highlights how climate data stewardship can contribute to more sustainable and just climate action.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"19de\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://policylabs.frontiersin.org/content/commentary-toward-a-polycentric-or-distributed-approach-to-artificial-intelligence-science\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://policylabs.frontiersin.org/content/commentary-toward-a-polycentric-or-distributed-approach-to-artificial-intelligence-science\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Toward a Polycentric or Distributed Approach to Artificial Intelligence & Science: \u003C/strong>\u003C/a>Published in \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Frontiers\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, this article argues that addressing the challenges posed by AI requires a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.routledge.com/Global-Digital-Data-Governance-Polycentric-Perspectives/Aguerre-Campbell-Verduyn-Scholte/p/book/9781032483108\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.routledge.com/Global-Digital-Data-Governance-Polycentric-Perspectives/Aguerre-Campbell-Verduyn-Scholte/p/book/9781032483108\">polycentric governance model\u003C/a> — where multiple, overlapping, and autonomous centers collaboratively manage and provide access to shared resources. Drawing from Elinor Ostrom’s principles, the piece advocates for a globally and sectorally distributed approach to ensure coordination, equitable access, and collaboration across geographies and stakeholders. It highlights three key areas where such a model can help advance the AI ecosystem: access to computational resources, availability of high-quality data, and purposeful AI modeling that serves the public good​.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"a981\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/two-open-science-foundations-data-commons-and-stewardship-as-pillars-for-advancing-the-fair-1da8bbae7c46\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/two-open-science-foundations-data-commons-and-stewardship-as-pillars-for-advancing-the-fair-1da8bbae7c46\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Two Open Science Foundations: Data Commons and Stewardship as Pillars for Advancing the FAIR Principles and Tackling Planetary Challenges:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> Published in \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Data & Policy\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, this article examines how data commons and stewardship can serve as essential pillars for advancing the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/sdata201618\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/sdata201618\">FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) principles\u003C/a> to address global challenges. It identifies three pressing priorities — war and peace, steering artificial intelligence, and planetary health — and emphasizes the need for reusable and interoperable data to accelerate scientific discovery and crisis response. The piece advocates for supplementing FAIR principles with data commons, which enable shared data resources, and data stewardship, which ensures responsible and systematic data reuse.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"ae6c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy/article/unleashing-collective-intelligence-for-public-decisionmaking-the-data-for-policy-community/DE26D2F950FBA269C16B2116890F49C9#article\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy/article/unleashing-collective-intelligence-for-public-decisionmaking-the-data-for-policy-community/DE26D2F950FBA269C16B2116890F49C9#article\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Unleashing Collective Intelligence for Public Decision-making: The Data for Policy Community:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>In \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Data & Policy\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, this paper explores the evolution of the Data for Policy community from 2014 to 2023. It introduces a six-area framework that maps the interdisciplinary data-for-policy research landscape. Drawing on insights from conferences and stakeholder consultations, the framework highlights the growing role of collective intelligence, data-driven innovation, and collaboration in addressing policy challenges.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"8037\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/we-are-developing-ai-at-the-detriment-of-the-global-south-how-a-focus-on-responsible-data-re-use-1fd153104758\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/we-are-developing-ai-at-the-detriment-of-the-global-south-how-a-focus-on-responsible-data-re-use-1fd153104758\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">We are Developing AI at the Detriment of the Global South — How a Focus on Responsible Data Re-use Can Make a Difference:\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>Published in \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Data & Policy\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, this article highlights how data is the lifeblood of AI and emphasizes the importance of responsible data reuse to ensure that the Global South benefits from AI-driven innovation. It identifies power imbalances within the data ecosystem that disempower key stakeholders and undermine trust in data practices. To address these challenges, the piece proposes the concept of a “social license for reuse,” which promotes equitable, inclusive, and responsible data systems.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"acc9\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--li\">Global Engagements, Events, and Developments\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"6cd9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Throughout 2024, The GovLab actively participated in global forums, workshops, and summits, fostering collaboration and sharing expertise. Below is a comprehensive list of key events:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"85d8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">JANUARY\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"25ef\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">January 29–31, 2024:\u003C/strong> \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.unicef.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.unicef.org/\">UNICEF\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.unhcr.org/us/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.unhcr.org/us/\">UNHCR\u003C/a>, and The GovLab hosted a series of \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/responsible-data-for-refugee-children-webinar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/responsible-data-for-refugee-children-webinar\">webinars\u003C/a> on reinforcing data responsibility principles in humanitarian contexts, with a focus on refugee children. These 90-minute sessions highlighted the unique vulnerabilities of refugee children in a data-driven world and explored principles-led frameworks to ensure ethical and responsible data practices across all stages of data management​.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"5c8e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">FEBRUARY\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"fccc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">February 25, 2024:\u003C/strong> During the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://unstats.un.org/UNSDWebsite/statcom/side-events/55\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://unstats.un.org/UNSDWebsite/statcom/side-events/55\">55th session of the UN Statistical Commission\u003C/a>, The Friends of the Chair Group on Social and Demographic Statistics hosted a panel discussion titled \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://unstats.un.org/UNSDWebsite/statcom/session_55/side-events/FoC-Social-side-event-25Feb2024.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://unstats.un.org/UNSDWebsite/statcom/session_55/side-events/FoC-Social-side-event-25Feb2024.pdf\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">“Key Data Demands from Policy Makers in the Social and Demographic Space.”\u003C/em>\u003C/a> The session explored challenges and opportunities in addressing data gaps, prioritizing research questions, and advancing social and demographic statistics to better inform policy. The GovLab contributed insights through its participation, with Stefaan Verhulst joining a panel of experts to highlight the importance of integrating user-driven approaches and strengthening data systems to meet evolving policymaker needs​.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"f718\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*mwWsq-PBcf_NxEy7\" data-image-id=\"0*mwWsq-PBcf_NxEy7\" data-width=\"680\" data-height=\"510\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"f2f5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">February 28, 2024: \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://smarter-together.org/artificial-collective-emotional-intelligence-for-democracy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://smarter-together.org/artificial-collective-emotional-intelligence-for-democracy/\">AISmarter Together’s Webinar: A Human-Centered Approach to AI for Democracy\u003C/a> focused on \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00146-018-0830-z\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00146-018-0830-z\">exploring how collective intelligence (CI) and emotional intelligence (EI)\u003C/a> can guide the ethical and effective use of AI to strengthen democratic governance. Hosted by \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://smarter-together.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://smarter-together.org/\">Smarter Together\u003C/a>, the event featured a panel of experts, including The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst. Discussions centered on leveraging human-centered approaches to harness AI for smarter governance, fostering creativity, and ensuring AI applications align with democratic values and ethical standards.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"20c5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">MARCH\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"cd22\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">March 7, 2024: \u003C/strong>The New York City Chief Technology Officer announced the establishment of an \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.nyc.gov/content/oti/pages/press-releases/oti-announces-progress-on-nations-first-comprehensive-artificial-intelligence-action-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.nyc.gov/content/oti/pages/press-releases/oti-announces-progress-on-nations-first-comprehensive-artificial-intelligence-action-plan\">AI Steering Committee and Advisory Network\u003C/a> to support the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://gcc02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nyc.gov%2Foffice-of-the-mayor%2Fnews%2F777-23%2Fmayor-adams-releases-first-of-its-kind-plan-responsible-artificial-intelligence-use-nyc%23%2F0&data=05%7C02%7Cvreyz%40oti.nyc.gov%7C5314ffc0449c460a079a08dc3ec06de5%7C73d61799c28440228d4154cc4f1929ef%7C0%7C0%7C638454243397740414%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=jzQ3quiKc7bYpmnBesPWfbB%2BljRJ9i2hVkXh%2BKuF6fI%3D&reserved=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://gcc02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nyc.gov%2Foffice-of-the-mayor%2Fnews%2F777-23%2Fmayor-adams-releases-first-of-its-kind-plan-responsible-artificial-intelligence-use-nyc%23%2F0&data=05%7C02%7Cvreyz%40oti.nyc.gov%7C5314ffc0449c460a079a08dc3ec06de5%7C73d61799c28440228d4154cc4f1929ef%7C0%7C0%7C638454243397740414%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=jzQ3quiKc7bYpmnBesPWfbB%2BljRJ9i2hVkXh%2BKuF6fI%3D&reserved=0\">City’s AI Action Plan\u003C/a>. This initiative aims to design and implement a robust governance framework and build external partnerships to address critical AI-related challenges. While the Steering Committee is comprised solely of city employees, the Advisory Network includes experts from diverse sectors. Stefaan Verhulst was selected as a key member of this group, contributing alongside other distinguished experts to ensure the city’s AI efforts are both technically sound and solutions-oriented.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"bb9b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">March 21, 2024:\u003C/strong> During \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.datacamp.com/radar-analytics-edition\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.datacamp.com/radar-analytics-edition\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">RADAR: The Analytics Edition\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst joined a panel discussion titled \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">“From Data Governance to Data Discoverability: Building Trust in Data Within Your Organization.”\u003C/em> The session explored strategies for improving data quality, fostering trust in data practices, and balancing robust governance with the need for accessible, high-quality data.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"48cb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">MAY\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"0805\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">May 9–11, 2024:\u003C/strong> The \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.go-opendata.ca/good24\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.go-opendata.ca/good24\">GO Open Data Conference: 2024 Unlocking Innovation Together — Breaking Barriers, Building Futures\u003C/a> was a three-day event featuring workshops, a full-day conference, and a hackathon. The event brought together experts, innovators, and practitioners to explore themes of innovation, collaboration, and open data futures. Stefaan Verhulst participated as a panelist on the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.go-opendata.ca/agenda\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.go-opendata.ca/agenda\">Open Futures Panel\u003C/a>, providing insights into the evolving role of open data in shaping innovative and inclusive global futures.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"45f2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">May 21–23, 2024:\u003C/strong> The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst participated in the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://g4i-congress.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://g4i-congress.com/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Govtech 4 Impact World Congress\u003C/em>\u003C/a> held in Madrid, Spain. The Congress brought together global leaders, government officials, and innovators to address the most pressing challenges in public sector governance. The event emphasized leveraging technology to transform public services, enhance efficiencies, and deliver meaningful societal impact.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"5fae\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*wKWHGnXi-oO5ZdHk\" data-image-id=\"0*wKWHGnXi-oO5ZdHk\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"450\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"b617\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">JUNE\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"dead\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">June 6, 2024:\u003C/strong> The GovLab participated in \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"http://data.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://data.org\">DataDotOrg’s\u003C/a> \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://data.org/get-involved/accelerate-conference/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://data.org/get-involved/accelerate-conference/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Accelerate: Data for Social Impact\u003C/em>\u003C/a> conference in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The inaugural event convened global leaders across academia, philanthropy, industry, and social impact sectors to explore how data and AI can address climate change through an intersectional lens spanning public health, financial inclusion, and data privacy. Stefaan Verhulst of The GovLab joined a panel discussion on open data and privacy preservation alongside Uyi Stewart (\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"http://data.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://data.org\">data.org\u003C/a>), Mercè Crosas (\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://codata.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://codata.org/\">CODATA\u003C/a>), and Bree McEwan (\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.utoronto.ca/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.utoronto.ca/\">University of Toronto\u003C/a>).\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"0bd5\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*iN4wDxGhCwdy9wcP\" data-image-id=\"0*iN4wDxGhCwdy9wcP\" data-width=\"1080\" data-height=\"810\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"f081\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">June 19, 2024:\u003C/strong> As part of the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://g20.org/summit-and-logos/2024-brazil/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://g20.org/summit-and-logos/2024-brazil/\">Brazilian G20 Presidency’s Virtual Workshop on Digital Government and Inclusion\u003C/a>, Stefaan Verhulst participated in Panel 3, titled “Data Sharing for Effective Public Services.” The \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://g20.gov.br/en/calendar/side-events/virtual-workshop-digital-government-and-inclusion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://g20.gov.br/en/calendar/side-events/virtual-workshop-digital-government-and-inclusion\">workshop\u003C/a> brought together governments, international organizations, and experts to discuss how digital governments can foster inclusion, promote the digital economy, and address challenges affecting approximately one-third of the global population who lack access to essential tools and public services. The panel explored strategies for improving data-sharing practices to enhance the delivery of public services, with discussions focusing on innovative digital government solutions, knowledge sharing among G20 members, and fostering cooperation to build inclusive, trusted, and adaptable digital governance frameworks for the 21st century.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"1a8a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">June 26, 2024:\u003C/strong> The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst provided \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/unlocking-the-potential-of-data-innovative-policies-for-responsible-data-reuse-and-addressing-data-asymmetries\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.idsd.network/blog/unlocking-the-potential-of-data-innovative-policies-for-responsible-data-reuse-and-addressing-data-asymmetries\">virtual testimony\u003C/a> at the German Bundestag during a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.bundestag.de/resource/blob/1006278/886a83a52afd656b91f8ca1e53a66f9c/Sachverstaendigenliste-Datenpolitik.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.bundestag.de/resource/blob/1006278/886a83a52afd656b91f8ca1e53a66f9c/Sachverstaendigenliste-Datenpolitik.pdf\">hearing\u003C/a> on \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">“Innovative Data Policy: Potential and Challenges.”\u003C/em> The session brought together experts to discuss opportunities and barriers in advancing innovative data policies, highlighting strategies to unlock data’s potential for societal benefit.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"4675\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*4LgP0ZsaaDy6NJtJ\" data-image-id=\"0*4LgP0ZsaaDy6NJtJ\" data-width=\"1028\" data-height=\"730\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"d65d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">June 30, 2024:\u003C/strong> Stefaan Verhulst joined the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://soundcloud.com/humanitarian-ai-today\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://soundcloud.com/humanitarian-ai-today\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Humanitarian AI Today\u003C/em>\u003C/a> podcast for an \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://soundcloud.com/humanitarian-ai-today/stefaan-verhulst-and-andrew-schroeder\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://soundcloud.com/humanitarian-ai-today/stefaan-verhulst-and-andrew-schroeder\">episode on Meta’s Llama Impact Grants Program\u003C/a>, alongside Andrew Schroeder and Brent Phillips. They discussed the program’s support for AI applications for social good, the impact of AI on humanitarian operations, and the importance of data accessibility, standardization, and collaboration in advancing humanitarian AI.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"b117\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">JULY\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"7196\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">July 9–11, 2024: \u003C/strong>The eighth international \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://dataforpolicy.org/data-for-policy-2024/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://dataforpolicy.org/data-for-policy-2024/\">Data for Policy Conference\u003C/a> held at Imperial College London, brought together global policymakers, researchers, and practitioners to explore the theme \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">“Decoding the Future: Trustworthy Governance with AI?”\u003C/em>. The conference featured over 130 presentations addressing responsible AI use, open data, and algorithmic governance, with a notable emphasis on equitable and ethical frameworks. Discussions included the role of data commons in fostering inclusivity and the challenges of AI governance.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"6185\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*qqEVTfyZkGU4D4Xr\" data-image-id=\"0*qqEVTfyZkGU4D4Xr\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"750\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"cc77\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">July 29–31, 2024:\u003C/strong> The \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/research-innovation/centers/center-responsible-ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/research-innovation/centers/center-responsible-ai\">NYU Tandon Center for Responsible AI\u003C/a> and the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://cds.nyu.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://cds.nyu.edu/\">NYU Center for Data Science\u003C/a> convened an in-person workshop titled \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://airesponsibly.net/nairr_2024/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://airesponsibly.net/nairr_2024/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">“Community-Informed Policies and Best-Practices for the National Artificial Intelligence Research Resource (NAIRR).”\u003C/em>\u003C/a> The workshop aimed to inform policy priorities for the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://nairrpilot.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://nairrpilot.org/\">NAIRR\u003C/a> by gathering perspectives from diverse stakeholders, including The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst, to enhance trustworthiness and promote equitable use of AI resources.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"6b9f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">SEPTEMBER\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"e163\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">September 10–11, 2024:\u003C/strong> \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://kostat.go.kr/anse/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://kostat.go.kr/anse/\">Statistics Korea\u003C/a> and \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.unescap.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.unescap.org/\">UNESCAP\u003C/a> hosted a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://kostat-escap.com/en/home-english/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://kostat-escap.com/en/home-english/\">conference\u003C/a> in Seoul focused on lessons learned and emerging trends in data governance and integration across the Asia-Pacific region. Stefaan Verhulst delivered the keynote address, emphasizing the role of non-traditional data (NTD) in addressing complex public challenges. He outlined three key challenges: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/big-data/articles/10.3389/fdata.2022.888384/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/big-data/articles/10.3389/fdata.2022.888384/full\">addressing data asymmetries\u003C/a>, making data collaboration systematic and sustainable, and navigating the risks of a potential \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/are-we-entering-a-data-winter-f654eb8e8663\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/are-we-entering-a-data-winter-f654eb8e8663\">“Data Winter”\u003C/a> as access to critical data becomes increasingly restricted. Verhulst proposed 10 actionable steps to mitigate these risks, including strengthening demand for NTD, fostering data commons, building human infrastructure through Data Stewards, experimenting with data sandboxes, and advancing innovative governance models.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"cf2f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*AZyeyXr_0rtp92Oc\" data-image-id=\"0*AZyeyXr_0rtp92Oc\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"541\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"3f6a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">September 19, 2024:\u003C/strong> \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.nyupeace.education/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.nyupeace.education/\">New York University’s Peace Research and Education Program\u003C/a> and \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.becera.co/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.becera.co/\">Becera\u003C/a> hosted the event \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/ai-across-sectors-breaking-silos-building-bridges-tickets-1007586116197\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/ai-across-sectors-breaking-silos-building-bridges-tickets-1007586116197\">“AI Across Sectors: Breaking Silos, Building Bridges,”\u003C/a> focusing on AI applications in humanitarian action, disaster response, civic engagement, peacebuilding, and conflict resolution. The event also included cross-sector perspectives from finance, healthcare, and logistics. The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst was among the speakers, alongside representatives from organizations such as the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.redcross.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.redcross.org/\">American Red Cross\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/\">Microsoft\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://openai.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://openai.com/\">OpenAI\u003C/a>, and \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.unwomen.org/en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.unwomen.org/en\">UN Women\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"a256\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*4AbEq36U3txGD4Oa\" data-image-id=\"0*4AbEq36U3txGD4Oa\" data-width=\"1024\" data-height=\"768\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"76db\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">OCTOBER\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"0eaf\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">October 1, 2024:\u003C/strong> \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://datasciences.utoronto.ca/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://datasciences.utoronto.ca/\">The University of Toronto’s Data Sciences Institute\u003C/a> hosted its \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://datasciences.utoronto.ca/research_day_2024/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://datasciences.utoronto.ca/research_day_2024/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Data Sciences Institute Research Day\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, bringing together collaborators from academia, industry, and government to explore advancements in data science research. Stefaan Verhulst of The GovLab delivered the keynote address, titled \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://datasciences.utoronto.ca/data-sciences-institutes-research-day-spotlights-evolution-and-innovation-in-data-science-domains/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://datasciences.utoronto.ca/data-sciences-institutes-research-day-spotlights-evolution-and-innovation-in-data-science-domains/\">“Navigating the Emergent Data Winter: Reimagining Data Access and Stewardship in the AI Era.”\u003C/a> His presentation examined the growing restrictions on data access, the implications for data-driven research and public interest initiatives, and strategies to improve data openness through data collaboratives and stewardship. The event also featured lightning talks and presentations from leading experts in data science.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"3d7e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">October 10–11, 2024: \u003C/strong>The workshop \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">“Building Bridges Across ‘Open’ Streams,”\u003C/em> hosted by the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://opensource.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://opensource.org/\">Open Source Initiative (OSI)\u003C/a> at \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.linagora.com/en/villa-good-tech\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.linagora.com/en/villa-good-tech\">Linagora’s Villa Good Tech\u003C/a> and supported by the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://sloan.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://sloan.org/\">Alfred P. Sloan Foundation\u003C/a>, explored the intersection of open data, open source, and AI development. Stefaan Verhulst participated alongside 20 experts from diverse fields to address critical challenges in data governance for open-source AI. \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://opensource.org/blog/open-data-and-open-source-ai-charting-a-course-to-get-more-of-both\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://opensource.org/blog/open-data-and-open-source-ai-charting-a-course-to-get-more-of-both\">Discussions\u003C/a> focused on aligning principles of openness across disciplines, addressing the societal implications of data use in AI, and developing actionable strategies to empower communities through transparent and accessible data-sharing practices.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"c8a0\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*fncWI0xUot6X_epp\" data-image-id=\"0*fncWI0xUot6X_epp\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"687\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"348b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">October 17, 2024:\u003C/strong> At \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.gitex.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.gitex.com/\">GITEX 2024\u003C/a> in Abu Dhabi, The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst presented a newly developed \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Data Collaboratives Framework\u003C/em> for Abu Dhabi, created in collaboration with Adam Zable and the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://scad.gov.ae/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://scad.gov.ae/\">Statistics Centre Abu Dhabi (SCAD)\u003C/a> as part of the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://dataforgood.ae/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://dataforgood.ae/\">Data for Good Initiative\u003C/a>. This framework serves as a strategic guide for establishing public-private data collaborations, outlining both an enabling environment and a step-by-step implementation approach. Verhulst emphasized how these collaborations unlock the value of privately held data to achieve public good outcomes while fostering win-win scenarios for all involved parties. The talk also highlighted the framework’s critical role in advancing Abu Dhabi’s ambitions for sustainable growth, innovation, and societal progress. The report, soon to be released publicly, explores actionable pathways for facilitating responsible and impactful data partnerships.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"8ab6\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*cykp6A09QTEeUs98\" data-image-id=\"0*cykp6A09QTEeUs98\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"750\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"245f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">October 22, 2024:\u003C/strong> The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst launched the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x23-o-UX2hs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x23-o-UX2hs\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Data Stewardship Trends to Watch\u003C/em>\u003C/a> webinar series, highlighting the latest policy developments and research shaping the field of data stewardship. The series explores emerging trends, innovative practices, and actionable insights to advance responsible and impactful data governance.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"3e38\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">October 28–29, 2024: \u003C/strong>The \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.ipsp.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.ipsp.org/\">International Panel on Social Progress (IPSP)\u003C/a> hosted its \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.ipsp.org/paris-meeting-october-2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.ipsp.org/paris-meeting-october-2024\">second international meeting\u003C/a> in Paris at Académie du Climat and the Paris Institute for Advanced Study. The event brought together over 70 international experts to address interconnected issues of environmental degradation, societal inequalities, and governance dysfunctions. Stefaan Verhulst, along with co-coordinators Professor Ingrid Volkmer and Guilherme Canela, launched the working group titled \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.ipsp.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Information_as_a_Public_Good_17_July.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.ipsp.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Information_as_a_Public_Good_17_July.pdf\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">“Information as a Public Good in the Age of Datafication and Artificial Intelligence.”\u003C/em>\u003C/a> This group \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.ipsp.org/information-as-a-public-good\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.ipsp.org/information-as-a-public-good\">focuses\u003C/a> on areas such as algorithmic pluralism, inclusive data practices, equitable access to data, and regulatory parameters to promote information as a public good while addressing challenges related to digital governance, AI, and datafication.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"d4ed\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">NOVEMBER\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"5af0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">November 18, 2024:\u003C/strong> Supported by \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.compagniadisanpaolo.it/it/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.compagniadisanpaolo.it/it/\">Fondazione Compagnia di San Paolo\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://datatank.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://datatank.org/\">The Data Tank\u003C/a> and The GovLab launched the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://datatank.org/data-stewards-bootcamp/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://datatank.org/data-stewards-bootcamp/\">Data Stewards Bootcamp\u003C/a> in Turin, Italy. The hybrid program began with a three-day in-person session in Turin, followed by three weeks of virtual learning, providing participants with essential skills and frameworks for effective data stewardship.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"3b17\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*KGh7xf6vcLsdafF-\" data-image-id=\"0*KGh7xf6vcLsdafF-\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"750\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"d549\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--figure\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*R6UgXevgkkoTKys2\" data-image-id=\"0*R6UgXevgkkoTKys2\" data-width=\"1004\" data-height=\"558\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"57a7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">DECEMBER\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"779c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">December 3–6, 2024:\u003C/strong> Stefaan Verhulst participated in the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.opengovpartnership.org/events/america-abierta/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.opengovpartnership.org/events/america-abierta/\">Open America Summit\u003C/a> in Brasília at the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://portal.tcu.gov.br/instituto-serzedello-correa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://portal.tcu.gov.br/instituto-serzedello-correa\">Serzedello Corrêa Institute\u003C/a>. This marked the first time Brazil hosted the event, which focused on open data, transparency, and digital governance. Stefaan led and participated in key sessions, including discussions on data stewardship, cross-sector data collaboration, and the emerging \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/generative-ai-and-the-fourth-wave-of-open-data-cdc92ca3b390\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/generative-ai-and-the-fourth-wave-of-open-data-cdc92ca3b390\">Fourth Wave of Open Data\u003C/a>. These sessions explored responsible data practices, the intersection of open data and AI, and strategies to foster innovation and equity through data-driven solutions.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"aefc\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*h1vrE1Rbayx-efsS\" data-image-id=\"0*h1vrE1Rbayx-efsS\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"568\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"812d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--figure graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">December 10–11, 2024: \u003C/strong>The \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">“Novel Data, AI, and Disasters: From Data to Public Policy”\u003C/em> conference in Mexico City, hosted by \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.crisisready.io/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.crisisready.io/\">Crisis Ready\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.directrelief.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.directrelief.org/\">Direct Relief\u003C/a>, and the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://datascience.harvard.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://datascience.harvard.edu/\">Harvard Data Science Initiative\u003C/a>, featured a panel on \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">AI and Decision-Making.\u003C/em> Stefaan Verhulst contributed to the discussion by addressing the role of open data and generative AI, emphasizing the requirements for making data “AI-Ready” to support effective decision-making processes.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/paving-the-path-advancing-responsible-data-access-and-re-use-in-2024",{"title":834,"description":837},"paving-the-path-advancing-responsible-data-access-and-re-use-in-2024","blogposts/paving-the-path-advancing-responsible-data-access-and-re-use-in-2024",[846],"year in review","IB2KCsOxl-07hjFmD442BcRqyyjkE3ZiBeqmCugL61o",{"id":849,"title":850,"author":851,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":852,"body":34,"category":99,"date":853,"description":854,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":850,"image":855,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":856,"meta":857,"navigation":15,"path":858,"registrationLink":34,"seo":859,"slug":860,"startTime":34,"stem":861,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":862},"blogposts/blogposts/innovating-with-non-traditional-data-recent-use-cases-for-unlocking-public-value.json","Innovating with Non-Traditional Data: Recent Use Cases for Unlocking Public Value","Adam Zable and Stefaan Verhulst",[],"2024-12-09T17:56:57","Digitalization and the resulting datafication have given rise to a new category of data that, when re-used responsibly, can complement","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*pn9qBodCVCR7o7ht","\n\u003Csection name=\"c824\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"2a6b\" id=\"2a6b\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Innovating with Non-Traditional Data: Recent Use Cases for Unlocking Public Value\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"ebee\" id=\"ebee\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*pn9qBodCVCR7o7ht\" data-width=\"2063\" data-height=\"1373\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*pn9qBodCVCR7o7ht\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"6571\" id=\"6571\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This piece was originally published on the Open Data Policy Lab by Adam Zable and Stefaan Verhulst. You can find it \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/new-publications-innovating-with-non-traditional-data-recent-use-cases-for-unlocking-public-value/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/new-publications-innovating-with-non-traditional-data-recent-use-cases-for-unlocking-public-value/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"40b8\" id=\"40b8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6228efe9bbdd294f0d98edfe/t/6361b53bd7cff8433cae6780/1667347780763/Data4COVID19+Review_Full+Report_31.10.22.pdf\" data-href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6228efe9bbdd294f0d98edfe/t/6361b53bd7cff8433cae6780/1667347780763/Data4COVID19+Review_Full+Report_31.10.22.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Non-Traditional Data\u003C/a> (NTD): “data that is digitally captured (e.g. mobile phone records), mediated (e.g. social media), or observed (e.g. satellite imagery), using new instrumentation mechanisms, often privately held.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1457\" id=\"1457\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Digitalization and the resulting datafication have introduced a new category of data that, when re-used responsibly, can complement traditional data in addressing public interest questions — from public health to environmental conservation. Unlocking these often privately held datasets through data collaboratives is a key focus of what we have called \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/images/odpl/third-wave-of-opendata.pdf\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/images/odpl/third-wave-of-opendata.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Third Wave of Open Data\u003C/em>\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e721\" id=\"e721\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To help bridge this gap, we have curated below recent examples of the use of NTD for research and decision-making that were published the past few months. They are organized into five categories:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"78b6\" id=\"78b6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Health and Well-being;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"219b\" id=\"219b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Humanitarian Aid;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a93c\" id=\"a93c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Environment and Climate;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6a24\" id=\"6a24\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Urban Systems and Mobility, and\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3729\" id=\"3729\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Economic and Labor Dynamics.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch3 name=\"7225\" id=\"7225\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--li\">HEALTH AND WELL-BEING\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"251c\" id=\"251c\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3\">Predicting Health Outcomes with Internet Search Data\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"42de\" id=\"42de\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*Qb_VjW7WSs1Powja\" data-width=\"500\" data-height=\"154\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Qb_VjW7WSs1Powja\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"6a25\" id=\"6a25\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Thompson, Matthew, Calvin Chan, Elisabeth Daniels et al. “Systematic review of health research using internet search data.” PREPRINT (Version 1) available at Research Square. June 4, 2024. \u003Ca href=\"https://tinyurl.com/2hm86vya\" data-href=\"https://tinyurl.com/2hm86vya\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://tinyurl.com/2hm86vya\u003C/a>. Accessed through \u003Ca href=\"https://tinyurl.com/2swfs95z\" data-href=\"https://tinyurl.com/2swfs95z\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://tinyurl.com/2swfs95z\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"82ac\" id=\"82ac\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Focus\u003C/strong>: Systematic review of studies using Internet search patterns to predict and diagnose health conditions.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ea7a\" id=\"ea7a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Use of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Search engine data (keywords, frequency, timing), both aggregated, anonymized and consented, individual, to identify early symptoms of mental health disorders, cancers, and more.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"20ea\" id=\"20ea\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Impact\u003C/strong>: Demonstrated potential for early diagnosis but highlighted challenges like prediction accuracy and privacy concerns.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"405c\" id=\"405c\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">Improving Healthcare Access in Lithuania\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"8bd1\" id=\"8bd1\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*pZ7uxiHiAMO6oNlZ\" data-width=\"500\" data-height=\"161\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*pZ7uxiHiAMO6oNlZ\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"b987\" id=\"b987\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Vincent, Margaux, and Antti Moisio. “Facilitating Inter- Municipal Cooperation in Lithuania to Provide Better Access to Healthcare and Long-Term Care Services to Citizens.” Development Data Partnership. December 2, 2024.\u003Ca href=\"https://mapbox.com/\" data-href=\"https://mapbox.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> \u003C/a>\u003Ca href=\"https://tinyurl.com/ycy6sh9r\" data-href=\"https://tinyurl.com/ycy6sh9r\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://tinyurl.com/ycy6sh9r\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"030b\" id=\"030b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Focus\u003C/strong>: Addressing healthcare and long-term care (LTC) access challenges in Lithuania’s Tauragė+ functional zone using geospatial data.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d1ee\" id=\"d1ee\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: The OECD’s RDG Division used the Mapbox Isochrone API to calculate travel time isochrones for driving and walking to healthcare facilities. These were overlaid with population data to identify accessibility gaps in healthcare and long-term care services.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2b7a\" id=\"2b7a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Impact\u003C/strong>: The research team provided roadmaps for improving inter-municipal cooperation, including mobile healthcare services and transport solutions.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"1d23\" id=\"1d23\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">Mobile Technology and Digital Biomarkers for Depression\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"9710\" id=\"9710\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*cqbWYoL1aRBr_KCV\" data-width=\"500\" data-height=\"94\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*cqbWYoL1aRBr_KCV\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"1866\" id=\"1866\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Zhang, Yuezhou, Amos Folarin, and Richard Dobson. “Exploring Digital Biomarkers for Depression Using Mobile Technology.” Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, King’s College London. June 10, 2024. \u003Ca href=\"https://tinyurl.com/55us2u6c\" data-href=\"https://tinyurl.com/55us2u6c\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://tinyurl.com/55us2u6c\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"a8dc\" id=\"a8dc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Focus\u003C/strong>: Using smartphone and wearable data to track depression.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7838\" id=\"7838\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Captured indicators like sleep quality, physical activity, sociability, walking cadence, and circadian rhythm to monitor mental health trends.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8c27\" id=\"8c27\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Impact\u003C/strong>: Showed mobile technologies’ potential impact on depression monitoring and informing personalized interventions.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"d706\" id=\"d706\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">Tracking Pandemics with Social Media Data\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"e735\" id=\"e735\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*rP0g48iR0OdKaY7F\" data-width=\"500\" data-height=\"209\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*rP0g48iR0OdKaY7F\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"e74b\" id=\"e74b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Shi, Boyang, Weixiang Huang, Yuanyuan Dang, & Wenhui Zhou. “Leveraging social media data for pandemic detection and prediction.” Humanities and Social Sciences Communications Volume 11, Article 1075. August 23, 2024. \u003Ca href=\"https://tinyurl.com/2s3hjjne\" data-href=\"https://tinyurl.com/2s3hjjne\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://tinyurl.com/2s3hjjne\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"b9a6\" id=\"b9a6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Focus\u003C/strong>: Social media posts as tools for pandemic detection.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ac18\" id=\"ac18\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: User-generated content tracked outbreak severity in real time.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"af74\" id=\"af74\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Impact\u003C/strong>: Demonstrated social media’s utility for improving outbreak detection and resource allocation.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"392b\" id=\"392b\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">Digital Footprints for Population Health\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"b03f\" id=\"b03f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*1lo7CzNtr_4gDmkf\" data-width=\"500\" data-height=\"123\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*1lo7CzNtr_4gDmkf\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"c128\" id=\"c128\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Burgess, Romana, Elizabeth Dolan, Neo Poon, Victoria Jenneson, Francesca Pontin, Torty Sivill, Michelle Morris, Anya Skatova. “Harnessing Digital Footprint Data for Population Health: Collaboration, Challenges, and Opportunities in the UK.” BMJ Health & Care Informatics 2024;31:e101119. September 28, 2024. \u003Ca href=\"https://tinyurl.com/5ccuwd5k\" data-href=\"https://tinyurl.com/5ccuwd5k\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://tinyurl.com/5ccuwd5k\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"54cc\" id=\"54cc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Focus\u003C/strong>: Linking NTD with traditional data to predict issues like ovarian cancer and identify public health disparities in the UK.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c452\" id=\"c452\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Linked digital activity (e.g., loyalty card transactions, medication purchases) to health and education records.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7406\" id=\"7406\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Impact\u003C/strong>: Highlighted NTD’s role in informing targeted health policies and reducing inequalities in access to health services.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"6d5f\" id=\"6d5f\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">Meta’s Data for Good Furthers Research into Pathogenic Spread\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"13eb\" id=\"13eb\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*HebAXUAvNGdiKwnb\" data-width=\"500\" data-height=\"178\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*HebAXUAvNGdiKwnb\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"cf20\" id=\"cf20\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Ascione, Claudio, and Eugenio Valdano. “How floods may affect the spatial spread of respiratory pathogens: The case of Emilia-Romagna, Italy, in May 2023.” MedRxiv.\u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.20.24314056\" data-href=\"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.20.24314056\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> September 23, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.20.24314056\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"3721\" id=\"3721\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Focus\u003C/strong>: Analyzing how the 2023 Emilia-Romagna floods affected the spread of respiratory pathogens like COVID-19.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d9cd\" id=\"d9cd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Mobility data from Meta identified shifts in contact patterns. Researchers used Meta’s colocation maps, which measure the rate at which individuals from different geographic areas are in close proximity, built from aggregated and anonymized mobile device location data with weekly resolution. Geospatial data from Copernicus Emergency Management mapped flood-affected areas, and baseline social contact rates from the SOCRATES project provided context for the observed changes.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"bc14\" id=\"bc14\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Impact\u003C/strong>: Demonstrated how mobility data can inform public health planning to mitigate flood-driven epidemics.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"04be\" id=\"04be\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">Social Capital and Sexual and Reproductive Health in Africa\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"5db5\" id=\"5db5\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*gGuAuqIUmdrExPrD\" data-width=\"500\" data-height=\"223\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*gGuAuqIUmdrExPrD\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"f860\" id=\"f860\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Koebe, Till, Theophilus Aidoo, Ridhi Kashyap, Douglas R. Leasure, Valentina Rotondi, and Ingmar Weber. “Social Capital Mediates Knowledge Gaps in Informing Sexual and Reproductive Health Behaviours Across Africa.” Social Science & Medicine 357: 117159. 2024. \u003Ca href=\"https://tinyurl.com/ysm972sm\" data-href=\"https://tinyurl.com/ysm972sm\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://tinyurl.com/ysm972sm\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"ff11\" id=\"ff11\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Focus\u003C/strong>: Exploring the effects of social capital on sexual and reproductive health knowledge and behaviors across 33 African countries.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f23a\" id=\"f23a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Combined Facebook’s Social Connectedness Index, a proxy for social capital, with Afrobarometer and Demographic and Health Survey data.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"11cd\" id=\"11cd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Impact\u003C/strong>: Revealed regional disparities and offers insights into network effects on health outcomes, informing targeted public health campaigns.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"0dce\" id=\"0dce\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">Increasing Data Sharing for Social Good: Lessons from Africa’s COVID-19 Response\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"697b\" id=\"697b\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*i_ofatmwCvoOU3H9\" data-width=\"500\" data-height=\"211\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*i_ofatmwCvoOU3H9\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"6520\" id=\"6520\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Amutorine, Morine, Neil Lawrence, and Jessica Montgomery. “Increasing data sharing and use for social good: Lessons from Africa’s data-sharing practices during the COVID-19 response.” Data & Policy, Volume 6, e53.\u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/dap.2024.43\" data-href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/dap.2024.43\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> \u003C/a>November 18, 2024. \u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/dap.2024.43\" data-href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/dap.2024.43\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://doi.org/10.1017/dap.2024.43\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"962b\" id=\"962b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Focus\u003C/strong>: Examining data sharing practices during Africa’s COVID-19 response by analyzing 74 data-driven initiatives.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ceea\" id=\"ceea\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Mobile phone records and geospatial data were used to track mobility patterns, predict disease spread, and support policy decisions, with privacy protocols and collaborative frameworks ensuring responsible use.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"331f\" id=\"331f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Impact\u003C/strong>: Highlighted the importance of robust governance, data literacy, and partnerships to enable sustained data sharing practices that can address broader societal challenges beyond public health crises.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch3 name=\"0a6a\" id=\"0a6a\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--li\">HUMANITARIAN AID\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"67f8\" id=\"67f8\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3\">OCHA and Meta: Population Data for Humanitarian Aid\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"e74d\" id=\"e74d\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*lBzsT1SZDlrHDC0M\" data-width=\"400\" data-height=\"569\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*lBzsT1SZDlrHDC0M\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"62a9\" id=\"62a9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Katch, Kate. “OCHA and Meta: Population Data for Humanitarian Aid.” United Nations OCHA.\u003Ca href=\"https://www.unocha.org/publications/report/world/impact-story-ocha-and-meta-partnering-give-humanitarians-open-access-population-data\" data-href=\"https://www.unocha.org/publications/report/world/impact-story-ocha-and-meta-partnering-give-humanitarians-open-access-population-data\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> \u003C/a>October 29, 2024. \u003Ca href=\"https://tinyurl.com/bdfyuyyw\" data-href=\"https://tinyurl.com/bdfyuyyw\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://tinyurl.com/bdfyuyyw\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"8827\" id=\"8827\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Focus\u003C/strong>: Partnership between Meta and OCHA’s Humanitarian Data Exchange (HDX) to improve humanitarian planning.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a4b3\" id=\"a4b3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: AI-powered population density maps provided granular demographic data, enabling targeted responses.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2234\" id=\"2234\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Impact\u003C/strong>: The World Health Organization used the maps to identify unvaccinated children in remote Democratic Republic of Congo villages, halting a polio outbreak, while World Vision pinpointed underserved areas for clean water projects, aiding over 1 million people in Rwanda.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch3 name=\"02a5\" id=\"02a5\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--li\">Integrating Traditional and Social Media Data to Predict EU Migrant Stocks\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"0bbd\" id=\"0bbd\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*dnuO2wU3yQdgj8E4\" data-width=\"400\" data-height=\"606\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*dnuO2wU3yQdgj8E4\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"d8bc\" id=\"d8bc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Yildiz, Dilek, Arkadiusz Wiśniowski, Guy J. Abel, Ingmar Weber, Emilio Zagheni, Cloé Gendronneau, & Stijn Hoorens. “Integrating Traditional and Social Media Data to Predict Bilateral Migrant Stocks in the European Union.” International Migration Review. December 2024. \u003Ca href=\"https://tinyurl.com/446hejdf\" data-href=\"https://tinyurl.com/446hejdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://tinyurl.com/446hejdf\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"3882\" id=\"3882\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Focus\u003C/strong>: Estimating bilateral EU migrant stocks by combining traditional data sources like censuses and Labour Force Surveys with Facebook’s Advertising Platform data.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4dcd\" id=\"4dcd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Facebook audience size data, collected from self-reported information used to enable advertisers to target campaigns, provided near real-time, granular insights into migrant population.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2b0c\" id=\"2b0c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Impact\u003C/strong>: The statistical model created by the research team generated estimates that closely match available observed data, revealing migration patterns that can inform EU policymakers on mobility trends and migration dynamics and providing further evidence of the utility of incorporating NTD for migration analysis.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"cf35\" id=\"cf35\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">Enhancing Haiti’s Disaster Preparedness with Mobility Data\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"a3f0\" id=\"a3f0\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*_fyWXAWRyzEIxSyE\" data-width=\"500\" data-height=\"131\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*_fyWXAWRyzEIxSyE\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"a80e\" id=\"a80e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Flowminder. “Opening up Haiti Mobility Data Platform to Enhance Preparedness and Crisis Response for the 2024 Hurricane Season.” Flowminder News. July 19, 2024.\u003Ca href=\"https://flowminder.org/\" data-href=\"https://flowminder.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> \u003C/a>\u003Ca href=\"https://tinyurl.com/bdefuf8w\" data-href=\"https://tinyurl.com/bdefuf8w\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://tinyurl.com/bdefuf8w\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"5775\" id=\"5775\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Focus\u003C/strong>: Supporting disaster preparedness in Haiti by providing updated mobility and population data for humanitarian and development actors.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8214\" id=\"8214\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Uses pseudonymized mobile phone Call Detail Records, enhanced with survey data, to track population distribution and mobility trends.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ba78\" id=\"ba78\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Impact\u003C/strong>: Provides insights into population shifts which can aid in assessing exposure to hazards, planning humanitarian interventions, and generating timely crisis reports, contributing to better disaster preparedness and response strategies.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch3 name=\"d488\" id=\"d488\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--li\">ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"0a05\" id=\"0a05\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3\">Measuring the Climate Footprint of Tourism in the Nordics\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"b248\" id=\"b248\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*vvmwFFOziY1_I6uL\" data-width=\"500\" data-height=\"257\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*vvmwFFOziY1_I6uL\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"06c4\" id=\"06c4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Johansen, Kathrine Lindeskov. “Measuring the Climate Footprint of Tourism in the Nordics with SF-MST.” Centre for Regional and Tourism Research (CRT), Denmark. Presented at 8th International Conference on Big Data & Data Science for Official Statistics, Bilbao. June 2024. \u003Ca href=\"https://tinyurl.com/4as5n6yt\" data-href=\"https://tinyurl.com/4as5n6yt\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://tinyurl.com/4as5n6yt\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"dc27\" id=\"dc27\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Focus\u003C/strong>: Quantifying greenhouse gas emissions from tourism in the Nordics using the Statistical Framework for Measuring the Sustainability of Tourism (SF-MST).\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"44db\" id=\"44db\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Combines tourism satellite accounts (TSA), environmental accounts (SEEA), and big data. For international transport, data sources include Call Detail Records, airport statistics, and Google Maps to estimate distances and emissions by transport mode.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2d15\" id=\"2d15\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Impact\u003C/strong>: Highlights discrepancies in emissions calculations between Nordic countries and emphasizes the need for harmonized methodologies to improve comparability and address data gaps.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"b566\" id=\"b566\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">How Energy Data Fuels AI Startups and the Green Transition\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"1d9a\" id=\"1d9a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Osimo, David, and Anna Pizzamiglio. “How Energy Data Fuels AI Startups and the Green Transition.” The Lisbon Council.\u003Ca href=\"https://eddie.energy/\" data-href=\"https://eddie.energy/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> \u003C/a>2024 .\u003Ca href=\"https://tinyurl.com/55w7f2zm\" data-href=\"https://tinyurl.com/55w7f2zm\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://tinyurl.com/55w7f2zm\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"a183\" id=\"a183\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*kCWUVRlEhNbH_cXw\" data-width=\"400\" data-height=\"570\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*kCWUVRlEhNbH_cXw\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"de6b\" id=\"de6b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Focus\u003C/strong>: Exploring how granular energy data supports AI innovation and cleantech growth via the EDDIE consortium’s decentralized, open-source energy data space.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"90fd\" id=\"90fd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Smart meter and IoT data can help optimize energy use, integrate renewables, and stabilize the energy grid.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4983\" id=\"4983\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Impact\u003C/strong>: Examples like Denmark’s Ento and the EU’s Flexidao demonstrate how startups can potentially accelerate Europe’s green transition and foster a competitive cleantech ecosystem.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"956b\" id=\"956b\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">Tracking Private Sector Climate Adaptation Finance\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"48c3\" id=\"48c3\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*xhPu3Sbwk9Q3zvVN\" data-width=\"500\" data-height=\"189\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*xhPu3Sbwk9Q3zvVN\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"f910\" id=\"f910\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Connolly, Jake, Morgan Richmond, William Wallock, Sasha Abraham, Neil Chin, and Chris Grant. “Tracking and Mobilizing Private Sector Climate Adaptation Finance.” Climate Policy Initiative.\u003Ca href=\"https://climatepolicyinitiative.org/\" data-href=\"https://climatepolicyinitiative.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> \u003C/a>September 25, 2024. \u003Ca href=\"https://tinyurl.com/zhffkjtx\" data-href=\"https://tinyurl.com/zhffkjtx\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://tinyurl.com/zhffkjtx\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"34b6\" id=\"34b6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Focus\u003C/strong>: Developing a taxonomy and machine learning framework to track private sector investments in climate adaptation, identifying and classifying 165 types of climate adaptation activities.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4e17\" id=\"4e17\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Corporate policies, insurance premiums, and household spending, combined with machine learning tools which capture flows from private actors, including banks, asset managers, and insurers, which are often missed using traditional methods.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9c8f\" id=\"9c8f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Impact\u003C/strong>: Improved visibility into private sector adaptation efforts dispels the narrative of limited business models in adaptation. Findings highlight the private sector’s role in bridging the $212 billion annual adaptation finance gap for developing economies by 2030.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch3 name=\"5f9a\" id=\"5f9a\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--li\">URBAN SYSTEMS AND MOBILITY\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"238b\" id=\"238b\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3\">New Data Sources and Their Impact on Active Traffic Management\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"e572\" id=\"e572\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*oRdfp7oXmcemaM2_\" data-width=\"500\" data-height=\"170\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*oRdfp7oXmcemaM2_\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"b0e4\" id=\"b0e4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. “Developing a Planning and Evaluation Guide for Active Traffic Management Strategies. Appendix B: White Paper on New Data Sources and Their Impact on ATM.” The National Academies Press. 2024. \u003Ca href=\"https://tinyurl.com/nz6wm25u\" data-href=\"https://tinyurl.com/nz6wm25u\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://tinyurl.com/nz6wm25u\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"6727\" id=\"6727\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Focus\u003C/strong>: Examining emerging data sources for traffic optimization.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2476\" id=\"2476\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Integrating data from connected travelers, vehicles, and advanced tools like sensors and high-definition maps provide real-time traffic insights, while big data tools enable scalable storage, processing, and improved decision-making.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7ac0\" id=\"7ac0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Impact\u003C/strong>: Despite challenges, these tools promise expanded geographic coverage and reduced costs for smaller agencies, as well as improved safety and efficiency.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"a2ed\" id=\"a2ed\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">Urban Freight Data Innovations: ANPR, Delivery Apps, and Truck Pricing\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"af95\" id=\"af95\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*2cEckt5j9rJOSdsW\" data-width=\"500\" data-height=\"226\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*2cEckt5j9rJOSdsW\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"0d6c\" id=\"0d6c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Dablanc, Laetitia and François Adoue. “New ways of collecting urban freight traffic data and applications for urban freight policies and research.” Case Studies on Transport Policy, Volume 19.\u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101315\" data-href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101315\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> \u003C/a>March 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101315\" data-href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101315\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101315\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"3de5\" id=\"3de5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Focus\u003C/strong>: Examining new urban freight data collection methods in Rotterdam (ANPR cameras), Barcelona (delivery app), and Brussels (truck GPS data).\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"25cd\" id=\"25cd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Automated number plate recognition (ANPR) cameras, delivery apps, and GPS provided real-time freight insights, improving enforcement and parking management, but face hurdles like privacy, data-sharing limits, and inconsistent quality.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2217\" id=\"2217\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Impact\u003C/strong>: Better data can inform policy development and implementation in low-emission zones, delivery zone management, and freight monitoring, aiding cities in addressing inefficiencies and sustainability goals.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"b128\" id=\"b128\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">Using Facebook Data to Analyze Counter-Urbanization Trends\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"59b4\" id=\"59b4\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*oGo9sdbGeQgvMQR5\" data-width=\"500\" data-height=\"213\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*oGo9sdbGeQgvMQR5\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"d6a2\" id=\"d6a2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Duan, Qianwen, Jessica Steele, Zhifeng Cheng, et al. “Identifying Counter- Urbanisation Using Facebook’s User Count Data.” Habitat International 150 (2024): 103113. June 4, 2024.\u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103113\" data-href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103113\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103113\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"7f30\" id=\"7f30\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Focus\u003C/strong>: Examining counter-urbanization trends in Belgium and Thailand by analyzing population redistribution from urban to rural areas during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"92c1\" id=\"92c1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Facebook user count data provided real-time insights into population shifts, supplemented by imputation for missing data.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"00a5\" id=\"00a5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Impact\u003C/strong>: Findings revealed sustained rural migration in Belgium, while Thailand’s rural shifts were temporary. The study emphasizes social media data’s utility in understanding nuanced population trends in different contexts.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"70fc\" id=\"70fc\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">Human Mobility Amid Natural Hazards\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"068c\" id=\"068c\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*J2WNQcOYENHHuDjJ\" data-width=\"500\" data-height=\"232\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*J2WNQcOYENHHuDjJ\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"db87\" id=\"db87\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">He, Zeyu, Yujie Hu, Leo L. Duan, & George Michailidis. “Returners and Explorers Dichotomy in the Face of Natural Hazards.” Scientific Reports 14, Article 13184 (2024). June 8, 2024. \u003Ca href=\"https://tinyurl.com/mr3ukzn8\" data-href=\"https://tinyurl.com/mr3ukzn8\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://tinyurl.com/mr3ukzn8\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"c31b\" id=\"c31b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Focus\u003C/strong>: Analyzed the persistence of mobility patterns (returners and explorers) in Lee County, Florida during Hurricane Ian.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"88bc\" id=\"88bc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Researchers used anonymized high-resolution mobile phone data, which provided granular, near-real-time insights into human movement patterns.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5de1\" id=\"5de1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Impact\u003C/strong>: Demonstrated how evacuation behaviors and mobility traits adapt during hurricanes, offering insights for emergency planning, evacuation strategies, and resource allocation for disaster resilience.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"51a5\" id=\"51a5\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">Unlocking Mobility Insights and Open Data\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"23e1\" id=\"23e1\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*x1ugtoXYt_dYqot9\" data-width=\"500\" data-height=\"277\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*x1ugtoXYt_dYqot9\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"ebd2\" id=\"ebd2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Industry Data for Society Partnership (IDSP). “Year in Review 2024.” IDSP. December 2024.\u003Ca href=\"https://www.industrydataforsociety.com/uploads/2024/12/IDSP-Year-In-Review-2024.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.industrydataforsociety.com/uploads/2024/12/IDSP-Year-In-Review-2024.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> https://www.industrydataforsociety.com/uploads/2024/12/IDSP-Year-In-Review-2024.pdf\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"1ad5\" id=\"1ad5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Focus\u003C/strong>: Telefónica Tech collaborates with National Statistical Offices around the world, using anonymized mobile phone data to monitor tourism, commuting, and urban movement.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9c1e\" id=\"9c1e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Leverages aggregated mobile data to deliver real-time insights into population mobility, complementing traditional statistics.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"76b9\" id=\"76b9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Impact\u003C/strong>: Telefónica’s collaborations demonstrate the potential of anonymized mobile phone data in enhancing our thank you!understanding of population mobility. At the same time, a key outcome is the establishment of an open data ecosystem, where mobility insights are made publicly accessible, fostering innovation and broader societal benefits.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch3 name=\"5a27\" id=\"5a27\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--li\">ECONOMIC AND LABOR DYNAMICS\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"6a85\" id=\"6a85\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3\">Real-Time Insights into ICT Sector Growth\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"54f2\" id=\"54f2\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*84eOlfyGc1G5-Ofd\" data-width=\"500\" data-height=\"277\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*84eOlfyGc1G5-Ofd\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"c7ce\" id=\"c7ce\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Lesher, Molly. 5th International Seminar on Big Data for Official Statistics, 29–31. Xiamen, China. May 2024.\u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1787/eb4938a0-en\" data-href=\"https://doi.org/10.1787/eb4938a0-en\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> \u003C/a>\u003Ca href=\"https://tinyurl.com/4th8cn7f\" data-href=\"https://tinyurl.com/4th8cn7f\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://tinyurl.com/4th8cn7f\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"d857\" id=\"d857\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Focus\u003C/strong>: Developed a machine learning model to nowcast real-time ICT sector growth.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"26b8\" id=\"26b8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Used Google Trends’ monthly Search Volume Index to complement traditional OECD estimates.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7f86\" id=\"7f86\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Impact\u003C/strong>: Model captured more timely, sector-specific signals that allow for improved measurement precision and relevance.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"638e\" id=\"638e\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">Quantifying the Effect of Striking on Grocery Store Foot Traffic\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"6679\" id=\"6679\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*8PO0V4TOZpHq0MrD\" data-width=\"500\" data-height=\"226\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*8PO0V4TOZpHq0MrD\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"711c\" id=\"711c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Post, Phillip. “Quantifying the Effect of Striking with Picketing on Grocery Store Foot Traffic.” EPJ Data Science, vol. 13, article 59. September 27, 2024.\u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1140/epjds/s13688-024-00495-w\" data-href=\"https://doi.org/10.1140/epjds/s13688-024-00495-w\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> https://doi.org/10.1140/epjds/s13688-024-00495-w\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"963f\" id=\"963f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Focus\u003C/strong>: Investigating the impact of striking and picketing on consumer behavior using foot traffic data from 78 striking King Soopers grocery stores in Colorado.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8139\" id=\"8139\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Utilized mobile geolocation data from SafeGraph, paired with SARIMA modeling, to quantify foot traffic changes during the 2022 strike.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b0a6\" id=\"b0a6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Impact\u003C/strong>: Demonstrated a significant average 47% decrease in foot traffic at striking stores, with a 14% decrease at non-striking locations, providing quantifiable insights into the economic effects of picketing.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch3 name=\"64e0\" id=\"64e0\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--li\">Reflections\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"65e3\" id=\"65e3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">The above use cases illustrate that non-traditional data is increasingly being recognized as a valuable resource for addressing complex societal challenges, offering insights that traditional data sources alone often cannot provide. In addition, our curation indicates that:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"f94c\" id=\"f94c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Most use cases which we managed to identify originate from academic research or public institutions such as official statistics agencies.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"da19\" id=\"da19\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Health is still the leading sector for re-using non-traditional data such as mobile geolocation, or digital biomarkers.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"227e\" id=\"227e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Effective partnerships, such as those between Meta and OCHA referenced above; Cuebiq’s \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cuebiq.com/about/data-for-good/\" data-href=\"https://www.cuebiq.com/about/data-for-good/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Data for Good\u003C/a> partnerships; the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.industrydataforsociety.com/\" data-href=\"https://www.industrydataforsociety.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Industry Data for Society Partnership\u003C/a>; and the Worldbank’s \u003Ca href=\"https://datapartnership.org/\" data-href=\"https://datapartnership.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Development Data Partnership\u003C/a>, demonstrate the value of collaboration in unlocking data’s potential.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"aef2\" id=\"aef2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Linking non-traditional datasets with traditional ones (e.g., health or census data) amplifies their value, as seen in studies of public health disparities and environmental monitoring.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"dfd9\" id=\"dfd9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Combining non-traditional datasets, such as linking loyalty card transactions with on-line health records in the UK or integrating mobility and flood data in Italy, provides for more actionable findings.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d7cf\" id=\"d7cf\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Many promising applications, such as using search patterns for early disease detection or leveraging digital footprint data, remain in experimental or pilot stages.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d760\" id=\"d760\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li graf--trailing\">To move beyond pilots, investments in infrastructure, capacity-building, and long-term partnerships are needed. In particular, data stewards can play a crucial role as the human infrastructure that can support data analysts and researchers in recognizing opportunities for collaboration and structuring access to data for re-use responsibly and systematically.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/innovating-with-non-traditional-data-recent-use-cases-for-unlocking-public-value",{"title":850,"description":854},"innovating-with-non-traditional-data-recent-use-cases-for-unlocking-public-value","blogposts/innovating-with-non-traditional-data-recent-use-cases-for-unlocking-public-value","85wM3bmTzh1t2bFDvQhtnpt5PRhcGMyLBvjm6qgaH0U",{"id":864,"title":865,"author":496,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":866,"body":34,"category":44,"date":867,"description":868,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":865,"image":869,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":870,"meta":871,"navigation":15,"path":872,"registrationLink":34,"seo":873,"slug":874,"startTime":34,"stem":875,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":876},"blogposts/blogposts/access-signal-action-data-stewardship-lessons-from-valencias-floods.json","Access, signal, action: Data stewardship lessons from Valencia’s floods",[],"2024-11-12T00:00:00","Valencia has a rich history in water management, a legacy shaped by both triumphs and tragedies. This connection to water is embedded in the city’s identity, yet modern floods test its resilience in new ways.","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*zSN9LGRopVGIxAFTbUsK-g.jpeg","\u003Ch1 id=\"access-signal-action-data-stewardship-lessons-from-valencia’s-floods\">Access, signal, action: Data stewardship lessons from Valencia’s floods\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Marta Poblet\u003C/strong> , The Data Tank | \u003Cstrong>Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/strong> , Co-Founder GovLab and The Data Tank | \u003Cstrong>Anna Colom,\u003C/strong> The Data Tank\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Valencia has a rich history in water management, a legacy shaped by both triumphs and tragedies. This connection to water is embedded in the city’s identity, yet modern floods test its resilience in new ways.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>During the recent floods, Valencians experienced a troubling paradox. In today’s connected world, digital information flows through traditional and social media, weather apps, and government alert systems designed to warn us of danger and guide rapid responses. Despite this abundance of data, a tragedy unfolded last month in Valencia. This raises a crucial question: how can we ensure access to the right data, filter it for critical signals, and transform those signals into timely, effective action?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Data stewardship becomes essential in this process.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In particular, the devastating floods in Valencia underscore the importance of:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>having access to data to strengthen the signal (\u003Ca href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/are-we-ready-for-the-next-pandemic-1db2e40b3f80\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">first mile\u003C/a> challenges)\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>separating signal from noise\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>translating signal into action (last mile challenges).\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"addressing-first-mile-challenges-ensuring-access-to-actionable-data\">Addressing First Mile Challenges: Ensuring Access to Actionable Data\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>The \u003Cstrong>first mile problem\u003C/strong> is fundamentally about having timely, unimpeded access to critical data. Despite accurate forecasts by the Spanish weather service (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.aemet.es/es/portada\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">AEMET\u003C/a>), which warned of severe flooding risks, these signals weren’t accessible in ways that could prompt preemptive action. The crucial data about impending floods — including traditional knowledge, such as knowing which areas historically flood first — got lost in a sea of information from various sources — some accurate, others speculative or misinformed — making it difficult for the public to discern what was essential. Without seamless access to validated, community-specific data, citizens and responders alike are hindered in their ability to prepare adequately.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Improving data access means that communities need structured, real-time data that is reliable and accessible through multiple channels. Data stewards — whether people or digital systems — can play an essential role in curating and filtering relevant data to help citizens access high-confidence information, enabling them to take early preventive measures. By building networks that make data accessible across channels, we can strengthen community preparedness, ensuring that crucial signals reach those at risk before it’s too late.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"improving-the-signal-to-noise-ratio-distinguishing-actionable-insights-from-noise\">Improving the Signal-to-Noise Ratio: Distinguishing Actionable Insights from Noise\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>Even with data access, another challenge remains: distinguishing critical signals from noise in a crowded digital space. During the Valencia floods, people received conflicting information, with some official messages minimising risk just hours before floods peaked. This noise obscured critical warnings, delaying response actions and putting lives in jeopardy. The government’s tardy warning came too late to be of any use as a valid signal, but what happened with the others that had been intermittently surfacing in the digital infosphere for days?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Effective data stewardship can improve the signal-to-noise ratio by curating data in ways that cut through the clutter. This could involve leveraging \u003Cstrong>trusted digital stewards\u003C/strong> — such as community-appointed individuals or AI-supported systems — who filter and elevate validated, relevant data above the digital noise. These data stewards would sit in ecosystems such as in emergency response institutions, data spaces or data intermediaries with solid infrastructure and governance structures so that they can be trusted and held to account. Clear, trusted signals reduce the mental and emotional burden on citizens who are trying to decide whether to act or wait in an uncertain situation. By elevating the most critical information, data stewardship helps communities focus on signals that genuinely indicate danger, allowing them to respond with greater confidence.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*zSN9LGRopVGIxAFTbUsK-g.jpeg\" alt=\"A small section of a white wall in the inside of a room full of papers stuck to it, including a mud-filled calendar and spreadsheets of lists.\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>A small section of a white wall in the inside of a room full of papers stuck to it, including a mud-filled calendar and spreadsheets of lists.\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Valencia’s Floods (Aldaia, 4 Nov 2024), Photo by \u003Ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/victoria_rovira/?igsh=MXMybWNyeGRyMGhpZw%3D%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Victoria Rovira Casanovas\u003C/a> (permission granted by author)\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Addressing Last Mile Challenges: Turning Signals into Swift, Coordinated Action\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Even when we have access to critical data and clear signals, the last mile problem remains — ensuring that this information translates into immediate, coordinated action. In Valencia, delays in issuing government alerts meant that people went about their routines, unaware of the approaching danger. A decentralised network of \u003Ca href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/blockchain/articles/10.3389/fbloc.2020.575662/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">digital oracles\u003C/a> could act as a safety net, ensuring that if one alert system fails, others continue prompting action. By distributing trusted signals across multiple channels, communities can receive timely alerts, even if one source falters.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Public participation for inclusive and collective decision intelligence are also central in turning signals into action. This is illustrated by historical local precedents like the \u003Ca href=\"https://tribunaldelasaguas.org/en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tribunal de les Aigües\u003C/a>, Valencia’s centuries-old water court, which was declared in 2009 Intangible Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO. This court has transformed traditional water knowledge into decisive actions for generations. Similarly, modern \u003Ca href=\"#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Decision Accelerator Labs \u003C/a>could integrate real-time data with community insights, cultural memory, and technical expertise, enabling rapid, consensus-driven actions. Combining data with local understanding ensures that signals don’t just reach people; they guide them effectively toward safety.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Valencia’s \u003Cem>Jardí del Túria\u003C/em> (Turia Garden) is another example of this. Following another \u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1957_Valencia_flood#cite_note-Roda-5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">catastrophic flooding in 1957\u003C/a>, a decision was made to divert the river to the city’s outskirts and to turn the old riverbed into an urban highway and transport hub. Yet, growing citizen opposition, channelled through the rallying cry “The Turia riverbed is ours, and we want it green”, gradually \u003Ca href=\"https://urban-networks.blogspot.com/2016/06/el-rio-que-se-convirtio-en-parque-los.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">shifted the plan towards creating the park\u003C/a> that would eventually be inaugurated in 1987. The garden now stands as flood protection infrastructure, and as living proof that the deepest cultural knowledge flows from the ground up, and it can lead to more responsible, effective disaster preparedness and collective intelligence.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"building-a-resilient-crisis-response-system-the-path-forward\">Building a Resilient Crisis Response System: The Path Forward\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>Enhancing Valencia’s resilience against floods — or any city’s resilience in a crisis — requires a focus on data accessibility, signal clarity and decision intelligence. Practical steps to achieve this include:\u003C/p>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Improving Data Accessibility\u003C/strong> : Establish data collaboratives for real-time data that ensure communities and decision-makers can access essential, validated data, whether through mobile alerts, public announcements, or community networks.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Elevating Critical Signals\u003C/strong> : Data stewardship systems that foster data quality and coordination — placed in key institutions, from civil society, to public, private and media sectors — should curate and prioritise high-confidence data and actively filter out misinformation. Trusted digital stewards — human or AI-supported — can help amplify legitimate signals, reducing the time spent filtering conflicting information.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Developing a Distributed Network of Digital Oracles\u003C/strong> : Implement decentralised alert networks that ensure redundancy. A distributed network of digital oracles can offer multiple, trusted points of access to emergency information, enhancing reliability.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Embedding Participation for Inclusive Collective Decision Intelligence for Timely Action\u003C/strong> : Drawing from models like the Tribunal de les Aigües, integrate Decision Accelerator Labs that can combine real-time data with community wisdom, empowering collective, rapid decision-making.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ol>\n\u003Cp>It will take a long time for the people of Valencia to recover from the impact of the floods and the failures to preempt and minimise harm. While changes in the frequency and magnitude of extreme weather events are only \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/syr/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_SYR_LongerReport.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">expected to \u003C/a>increase, we can have access to more data than we have ever had. We urgently need to build the ecosystems, institutions and both human and technical infrastructure that can help us turn the right data into actionable signals to mitigate and adapt to disasters.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Image: Valencia’s Floods (Alfafar, 2 Nov 2024), Photo by \u003Ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/victoria_rovira/?igsh=MXMybWNyeGRyMGhpZw%3D%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Victoria Rovira Casanovas\u003C/a> (permission granted by author)\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/access-signal-action-data-stewardship-lessons-from-valencias-floods",{"title":865,"description":868},"access-signal-action-data-stewardship-lessons-from-valencias-floods","blogposts/access-signal-action-data-stewardship-lessons-from-valencias-floods","DFmyul-yEQtcneE53sYPFCLCBfLZuBsasWwbIlkyU88",{"id":878,"title":879,"author":880,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":881,"body":34,"category":349,"date":882,"description":883,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":879,"image":884,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":885,"meta":886,"navigation":15,"path":887,"registrationLink":34,"seo":888,"slug":889,"startTime":34,"stem":890,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":891},"blogposts/blogposts/data-stewards-developing-the-human-infrastructure-to-turn-eu-data-policies-into-practice.json","Data Stewards: Developing the human infrastructure to turn EU data policies into practice","Paulina Behluli, Stefaan Verhulst, and Anna Colom",[],"2024-11-01T00:00:00","What is needed to turn the European data strategy into practice? And what is the role of data stewards to that end? The Data Tank’s event in Brussels last month aimed at discussing the need and opportunity...","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*6jBMz1AiOrxUh4XUBp2sDQ.jpeg","\u003Ch1 id=\"data-stewards-developing-the-human-infrastructure-to-turn-eu-data-policies-into-practice\">Data Stewards: Developing the human infrastructure to turn EU data policies into practice\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp>The Data Tank’s event held in Brussels on October 8, 2024\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>** \u003Cem>What is needed to turn the European data strategy into practice? And what is the role of data stewards to that end? The Data Tank’s event in Brussels last month aimed at discussing the need and opportunity for developing data stewardship practices in the context of the recent digital and data policy developments in Europe. The function of the data steward is central as human infrastructure, embedded across all types of organisations, to facilitate the right ecosystems for data reuse and bring data policies into practice.\u003C/em>**\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"building-the-missing-human-infrastructure\">Building the missing human infrastructure\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>The Data Tank opened the event by providing context on the urgent need for data stewardship in the current complex and datafied world. According to our co-founder, Stefaan Verhulst, there is a pressing need to enable data access for reuse to tackle today’s pressing challenges. However, many initiatives aimed at unlocking data face significant obstacles and often stall at the pilot stage. A major reason for this is the lack of human infrastructure — specifically, data stewards who provide the necessary foundation for sustainable data use. Without a strong network of data stewards, implementing data policies across Europe will remain difficult.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"what-are-the-data-stewards-bootcamps\">\u003Cstrong>What are the Data Stewards Bootcamps?\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>The \u003Ca href=\"https://datatank.org/data-stewards-bootcamp/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bootcamps\u003C/a> provide practical tools, knowledge, and networks to equip Data Stewards as a function across all types of organisations to encourage data re-use and address public-interest challenges through data. The upskilling on data stewardship offered by The Data Tank is done across all sectors –public, private and civil society. The length and format can be adapted and the offering includes Data Stewards Executive Bootcamps , an intensive program for senior leaders.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>As explained in the event, The Data Tank’s mission is to ensure this upskilling programme can be scaled up and is sustainable and so it is rolling them out across Europe to build a network of data stewards capable of implementing policy at the practical level.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"real-world-applications-of-data-stewardship-skills\">\u003Cstrong>Real-World Applications of Data Stewardship Skills\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*6jBMz1AiOrxUh4XUBp2sDQ.jpeg\" alt=\"A long table with the three panellists and facilitator, and, at the forefront of the photo, the backs of two people with long hair and red top, and medium length hair and black top, facing at them.\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>A long table with the three panellists and facilitator, and, at the forefront of the photo, the backs of two people with long hair and red top, and medium length hair and black top, facing at them.\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Panel of Data Stewards and bootcamps alumni, facilitated by The Data Tank’s Paulina Behluli\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>During the session held in Brussels, three data stewards and alumni of previous bootcamps shared how they embed data stewardship practices in their respective organisations, how the training received impacts their work, and their view on how a data stewardship role or function can help organisations better prepare for the implementation of the EU data policies.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>(i) Developing a common language to foster dialogue\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Bart Rosseau, Program Manager at \u003Ca href=\"https://www.vlaanderen.be/digitaal-vlaanderen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Digitaal Vlaanderen\u003C/a> — the digital cluster for Flanders government — , explained that data stewardship sits as a key role within Digitaal Vlaanderen’s data governance framework. Bart highlighted how data stewards are becoming bigger in their role, and the importance of this function to trigger a dialogue across departments and organisations. Central to this role, is its multidisciplinarity (covering for example technical, business and management aspects), which can surmount barriers between different areas of expertise. Also central to data stewardship as a function is the importance of developing a common language around data reuse. For Bart, such bootcamps and upskilling programmes are also a way to contribute to overall data literacy among stakeholders and civil servants across Flanders. He concluded on the importance of a regulatory ecosystem and said that the EU data policies provide a long term framework and strategic urgency, which makes it easier for the data steward to get things done\u003Cstrong>.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>(ii) The importance of the human factor in trustworthy ecosystems\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Juliana Outes Velarde brought her perspective as a Senior Data Steward at the \u003Ca href=\"https://golab.bsg.ox.ac.uk/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Government Outcomes Lab\u003C/a>, a research centre based at the Blavatnik School of Government, University of Oxford. As an organisation committed to doing research to solve problems, a key part of her role consists of investigating how governments can partner with non-government organisations to deliver better services. Juliana’s work heavily relies on working with data that resides elsewhere (either third or private sectors). At her role as a data steward, Juliana focuses on the partnership and convening aspect. She spends time with the data holders who will potentially engage in data sharing and enabling access to data. One of the many learnings that Juliana highlighted from the bootcamp was the importance of first asking the question about what data is needed for. She also underlined the importance of data stewardship in the context of the EU’s data policy development and specifically pointed to the Data Governance Act and its aim to support trustworthy data intermediaries. For Juliana, trustworthiness signals the relevance of the human infrastructure around data, alongside the technical infrastructure: the\u003Cstrong>** human element around data-sharing is vital\u003C/strong>.**\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>(iii) Improving strategy and sustainability\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Reflecting on the bootcamp he attended, Mark Herringer, who leads the \u003Ca href=\"http://healthsites.io\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Healthsites.io \u003C/a>platform, highlighted the value of the tangible toolkits provided to participants during the training, particularly the Data Stewards Canvas, which he continues to revisit. While he has long advocated for open data, Mark noted that simply making data available with the expectation that organisations will use it and share data and expertise has not always worked as expected, hence the value of data stewardship skills. Healthsites.io is a platform that provides a global baseline of accessible, openly licensed health facility data. The platform publishes national datasets for every country in multiple accessible formats via its website, an open API, and the Humanitarian Data Exchange (HDX). In this case, the data stewardship approach prioritises open science, community-driven validation, and collaborative governance to enhance data accuracy and accessibility. The principles of data stewardship have helped refocus the strategy for scale and sustainability by aligning the supply, demand, and value proposition of Healthsites.io’s data initiatives. Healthsites.io is now inviting impact investment into a reciprocal data ecosystem to advance the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and SDG 3.8.1 in particular, ensuring equitable access to quality health services. For Mark, the EU Data strategy, particularly the EU Data Act, can incentivise the engagement of stakeholders, including Ministries of Health, which is crucial for the success of Healthsites.io.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"a-vision-for-europe’s-data-future\">\u003Cstrong>A Vision for Europe’s Data Future\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>The Director General of the \u003Ca href=\"https://op.europa.eu/en/home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Publications Office at the European Commission\u003C/a>, Ms. Hilde Hardeman, gave high-level closing remarks on the work of the European Commission on data stewardship and data governance more broadly. The Publications Office has an inter-institutional mandate to work with and for all EU institutions. It is tasked with publishing EU law to give it legal effect but the role of the office has evolved in time and its mission is to serve as a centre of excellence for data, information and knowledge management, both internally and externally. Hardeman raised three key points in relation to data stewardship in the context of the European Commission:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>(i) The European Commission has adopted a systematic, sustainable, and responsible approach to data management and governance, recognizing it as crucial for transparency, accountability, and decision-making, especially in the AI era. Reflecting its importance, data management now stands alongside budget and HR in terms of management and accountability.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>(ii) The Commission’s data governance structure includes the Corporate Management Board and the Information Management Steering Board, which coordinate data policies across departments. Data stewardship is a critical component in this framework to ensure high-quality data that is accurate, accessible, and reusable.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>(iii) Challenges persist, such as the need for adaptable governance principles, enhanced data quality and standardisation, and fostering skills and collaboration across teams. Security, interoperability, and the FAIR principles (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reuse) guide this effort. Hardeman highlighted that the European Commission is committed to integrating these practices across all operations.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"next-steps-scaling-up-data-stewardship\">\u003Cstrong>Next steps: scaling up data stewardship\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>Data stewardship is only becoming more important in \u003Ca href=\"#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the age of data-driven AI driven systems\u003C/a>. Despite the ongoing efforts from a policy and technical perspective in the EU to address rapid global data developments, there is an imminent need to focus on building the human infrastructure. Data stewards and data stewardship teams are needed to ensure that the ongoing policy and technical developments are systematic, sustainable and responsible. The Data Tank works towards unlocking such potential, and does so through upskilling, research, and thought leadership. If you are interested to know more about the data stewards bootcamps, check The Data Tank’s \u003Ca href=\"https://datatank.org/data-stewards-bootcamp/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">website\u003C/a>. We are continuously looking for data enthusiasts to join us and shape the data future together!\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>Cover Image: Room with round tables and attendees around them looking towards a screen and speaker Stefaan Verhuslt from The Data Tank standing next to the screen facing the room\u003C/em>\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/data-stewards-developing-the-human-infrastructure-to-turn-eu-data-policies-into-practice",{"title":879,"description":883},"data-stewards-developing-the-human-infrastructure-to-turn-eu-data-policies-into-practice","blogposts/data-stewards-developing-the-human-infrastructure-to-turn-eu-data-policies-into-practice","5UMoJx_T9-JwvSEDEvT5ZDXOrW64ha14gxFwYdkdEOg",{"id":893,"title":894,"author":895,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":896,"body":34,"category":99,"date":897,"description":898,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":894,"image":899,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":900,"meta":901,"navigation":15,"path":902,"registrationLink":34,"seo":903,"slug":904,"startTime":34,"stem":905,"tags":906,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":909},"blogposts/blogposts/emerging-funding-and-business-models-for-data-commons-a-comparison.json","Emerging Funding and Business Models for Data Commons: A Comparison","Hannah Chafetz",[],"2024-10-29T00:00:00","As data becomes an essential input for innovation and AI training, questions of how to sustain its equitable and responsible reuse have gained urgency. Beyond technical infrastructure and governance frameworks, the long-term viability of data commons depends on the institutional and financial models that underpin them.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/46e60e97-e5cd-4610-bf8e-a21947a13a2d","\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Emerging Funding and Business Models for Data Commons: A Comparison\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">As data becomes \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/data-commons-missing-infrastructure-public-interest-verhulst-phd-k8eec\">an essential input\u003C/a> for innovation and AI training, questions of how to sustain its equitable and responsible reuse have gained urgency. Beyond technical infrastructure and governance frameworks, the long-term viability of data commons depends on the institutional and financial models that underpin them. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Over the last year, The Open Data Policy Lab collected \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1GPzU4Pspi-XOmJU13LvOUUPxtfTuRXcZMBw7lxkQRyY/edit?gid=0#gid=0\">over 60 examples\u003C/a> of data commons that support public-interest AI. We analyzed different aspects of these commons including their governance structure, funding models, and the actors involved. We found that these initiatives are relying on an array of funding models ranging from philanthropic grants to government partnerships to donations to membership programs. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In what follows, we curated 10 of the data commons gathered. For each example, we briefly summarize the main focus of the commons, the geographic region, the funding model, and how data is accessed. We selected these examples based on the breadth of funding models being used. They are intended to be exemplary, not comprehensive and are listed in alphabetical order. The latter part of this blog outlines several patterns from these examples and reflections on how the data commons landscape is evolving.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Data Commons Examples\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cdiv dir=\"ltr\" align=\"left\">\n\u003Ctable>\u003Ccolgroup>\u003Ccol width=\"349\">\u003Ccol width=\"89\">\u003Ccol width=\"219\">\u003Ccol width=\"219\">\u003C/colgroup>\n\u003Ctbody>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Initiative\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Country\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Funding model\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Data access model\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003C/tr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://allofus.nih.gov/\">The All of Us Research Program\u003C/a> is an initiative from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and based on the NIH Precision Medicine Initiative Working Group of the Advisory Committee to the Director. The initiative aims to crowdsource health data from 1 million people across the United States to improve needs-based healthcare and precision medicine.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">United States\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The program is funded by the U.S. government through the 21st Century Cures Act which set out 10 years of funding beginning in 2016 (total of $1.5 billion) and is managed by the NIH\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Tiered access using a cloud-based platform (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.researchallofus.org/data-tools/workbench/?_gl=1*1uoymoq*_ga*OTY0MjM4NDkyLjE3NjA5ODM4NTU.*_ga_MQVR5DG2C4*czE3NjA5ODM4NTQkbzEkZzAkdDE3NjA5ODM4NTUkajU5JGwwJGgyMTE2ODAxODc1\">Researcher Workbench\u003C/a>)\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003C/tr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://datahub.aida.scilifelab.se/about/\">AIDA Data Hub\u003C/a> is an open data repository in Sweden for medical research led by the Linköping University Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV). The platform provides the infrastructure for researchers to share their own data and research using FAIR principles and DOI.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Sweden\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Membership program that provides access to Base Service Data Science Platform, options to purchase additional services including compute and storage, certain groups can apply for discounts\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Member access through a secure platform\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003C/tr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://indiaai.gov.in/datasets\">The India AI Platform\u003C/a> aims to accelerate access to non-personal data for AI researchers and startups. The platform is hosted by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology and Digital India. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">India\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Government funded and hosted by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology\u003C/p>\n\u003Cbr>\u003Cbr>\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Maintains a repository of datasets hosted on external websites and platforms\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003C/tr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://gainforest.earth/\">GainForest.Earth\u003C/a> is a decentralized science nonprofit that archives global biodiversity and environmental data. The initiative facilitates community-owned data commons for biodiversity, aiming to enable local and Indigenous communities to collect, manage, and share environmental data.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Switzerland\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://solana.com/news/case-study-gainforest\">Donations\u003C/a> from organizations and individuals through a decentralized payment system using blockchain technology and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.canva.com/design/DAGNpwdK0jo/QkBOQ1gfl0gy8jDTBAo10g/view?utm_content=DAGNpwdK0jo&utm_campaign=designshare&utm_medium=link&utm_source=editor#33\">partners\u003C/a> with philanthropic foundations and other organizations\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Available through the GainForest application\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003C/tr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.insight.hdrhub.org/secure-research-environment\">INSIGHT\u003C/a> is a repository of 35 million eye images that is made available for research purposes only. By providing image data, it allows researchers to use advanced analytics and AI on anonymized patient records. This initiative is led by Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust in collaboration with University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">United Kingdom\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Funded as a digital innovation hub within UK Research and Innovation Industrial Strategy Challenge Fund (2019) in collaboration with \u003Ca href=\"https://www.insight.hdrhub.org/about-insight\">several organizations\u003C/a> with support from Health Data Research UK\u003C/p>\n\u003Cbr>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In 2022, Moorfields Eye Hospital became the lead partner and is supported by NHS, continues to collaborate with several partners\u003C/p>\n\u003Cbr>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Researcher data access applications are \u003Ca href=\"https://www.insight.hdrhub.org/faq\">priced\u003C/a> based on their use (including potential commercial value)\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Access through a trusted research environment (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.insight.hdrhub.org/secure-research-environment\">Secure Research Environment\u003C/a>)\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003C/tr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://data.midrc.org/\">The Medical Imaging & Data Resource Center\u003C/a> (MIDRC) facilitates and curates a data commons of medical imaging data, patient demographics and outcomes, and other clinical data. The MIDRC Data Commons, a subset of the MIDRC data, provides researchers with AI-ready data that can be accessed via an online portal.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">United States\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Follows a multi-institutional collaborative model\u003C/p>\n\u003Cbr>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Funded by the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, hosted at the University of Chicago, co-led by the American College of Radiology, the Radiological Society of North America, and the American Association of Physicists in Medicine\u003C/p>\n\u003Cbr>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Received a grant from the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative to expand globally\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">After making an account, data can be accessed through \u003Ca href=\"https://data.midrc.org/dashboard/Public/documentation/Gen3_MIDRC_GetStarted.pdf\">the Gen3 client application\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003C/tr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mlcommons.org/datasets/\">MLCommons\u003C/a> is an AI benchmarking organization that provides open datasets for machine learning research and testing. Its objective is to support engineers in building AI technologies for the public good.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">United States\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mlcommons.org/get-involved/\">Membership fees\u003C/a> (fees are waived for academics, individuals, and small startups), founded with several corporate members\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Datasets housed on Github or available for download through the website, limited member access only for specific datasets\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003C/tr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Mozilla’s \u003Ca href=\"https://commonvoice.mozilla.org/en\">Common Voice\u003C/a> is a crowdsourced open voice dataset that can be used to train AI-driven voice applications. The initiative aims to broaden access to voice data for non-English languages and other groups typically underrepresented in voice datasets. The initiative is led by the Mozilla Foundation.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">International\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Hosted by the Mozilla Foundation\u003C/p>\n\u003Cbr>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Funded through philanthropic grants and donations, partners include NVIDIA (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.mozillafoundation.org/en/blog/mozilla-common-voice-dataset-grows-by-30-and-reaches-87-languages/\">2022\u003C/a>), the Gates Foundation, and GIZ (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.bmz-digital.global/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Creating-Community-Driven-Datasets-Report-032023-GIZ-Mozilla.pdf\">2023\u003C/a>)\u003C/p>\n\u003Cbr>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Meets with \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1QHDhdJzBQzWRzjw88Br674OINtok09znq0vmpgVBZQo/edit?tab=t.0\">funders\u003C/a> on a quarterly basis\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Available through an external platform (\u003Ca href=\"https://community.mozilladatacollective.com/about/\">Mozilla Data Collective\u003C/a>)\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003C/tr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=2/75.7/-42.0\">OpenStreetMap\u003C/a> (OSM) is a free, editable map of the world, collaboratively created by a global community of nearly 5 million registered users. The project aims to provide free and accessible geospatial data for everyone, including individuals, organizations, and governments. Supported by \u003Ca href=\"https://osmfoundation.org/wiki/Main_Page\">the OSM Foundation\u003C/a>, this initiative fosters the growth, development, and distribution of open geospatial data.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">International\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Donations and membership fees to the OSM Foundation\u003C/p>\n\u003Cbr>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The OSM Foundation has \u003Ca href=\"https://osmfoundation.org/wiki/Membership\">tiered membership fees\u003C/a> that can be waived for active contributors, members help set the direction of OSM Foundation\u003C/p>\n\u003Cbr>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The Foundation also generates revenue from its annual \u003Ca href=\"https://blog.openstreetmap.org/#:~:text=The%20OpenStreetMap%20Foundation%20owns%20and%20maintains%20the,annual%2C%20international%20State%20of%20the%20Map%20conference\">State of the Map conference\u003C/a> which is supported by donations\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Available through the OpenStreetMap database\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003C/tr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://posmo.coop/about-us/wer-wir-sind\">POSMO\u003C/a> is a data cooperative that collects and manages mobility data, which includes GPS and sensor-based movement information about how people travel through cities. This data is used in urban planning and transportation research. Contributors share their mobility data, which is governed collectively rather than by a single company.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cbr>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">*Note: Translated using an online translator\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Switzerland\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Seed funding from \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@posmo_coop/the-data-cooperative-an-new-business-model-for-the-digital-economy-83b3f523152a\">the Migros Pioneer Fund\u003C/a> (2021)\u003C/p>\n\u003Cbr>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Data cooperative membership model (\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@posmo_coop/the-data-cooperative-an-new-business-model-for-the-digital-economy-83b3f523152a\">purchase shares\u003C/a> of the cooperative)\u003C/p>\n\u003Cbr>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Works with several partner organizations to deliver projects such as \u003Ca href=\"https://posmo.coop/\">the city of Zurich\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003Ctd>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Available through the POSMO App \u003C/p>\n\u003C/td>\n\u003C/tr>\n\u003C/tbody>\n\u003C/table>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Patterns\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The examples above reveal that while most initiatives aspire to enable equitable data reuse, their underlying business and governance models vary significantly across contexts, reflecting differences in policy priorities, sectoral focus, and maturity of data ecosystems.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Three broad patterns emerge:\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Government-led Models\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Initiatives such as All of Us, AIDA Data Hub, MIDRC, and India AI Platform exemplify state-backed infrastructures, where governments act as both funders and conveners. These models benefit from long term funding commitments. For instance, All of Us was enabled through a 10-year funding commitment through the 21st Century Cures Act. They often combine public investment with partnerships across academia and industry, positioning the commons as a public good to be leveraged for research and innovation. Sustainability here depends on continued political and fiscal commitment rather than direct revenue streams.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Philanthropy and Hybrid Cooperation Models\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Efforts like Mozilla’s Common Voice and GainForest.Earth illustrate philanthropic and multi-donor ecosystems where open data creation and stewardship are sustained by donations and grants. Such commons blend donor capital with community participation, aligning with the indirect benefit model identified in the literature: the value lies in mission fulfillment and ecosystem engagement rather than monetization.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Membership and Cooperative Models\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">OpenStreetMap, POSMO, and MLCommons demonstrate membership-based and cooperative financing, where users or contributors (including governments) become shareholders or members, effectively co-owning the commons. These models internalize governance and sustainability through collective ownership, echoing the freemium and razor-blade business archetypes where access is open but added services, tools, or governance privileges require contribution or fees.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Across these categories, the government’s role shifts from funder (All of Us) to facilitator (Mozilla) to partner (POSMO). This spectrum underscores that financial models alone do not define sustainability: legitimacy, trust, and shared value creation mechanisms are equally critical.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Reflections and Looking Forward\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Building on the above and complementing it with other \u003Ca href=\"https://data.europa.eu/sites/default/files/report/New%20Business%20Models%20for%20Data-Driven%20Services_ENG.pdf\">research and past experiences\u003C/a>, several cross-cutting reflections and predictions emerge on how data commons may evolve robust, equitable, and sustainable business models:\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">1. From Cost Centers to Value Platforms\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Traditional open data initiatives often operated under the assumption that releasing data was a compliance cost or public good with minimal return. The emerging paradigm reframes data commons as platforms for value creation, where investments yield operational efficiencies, innovation spillovers, and measurable social returns. This requires moving from legal obligation to operational necessity—embedding openness and reuse in core processes rather than as afterthoughts.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">2. Plural Revenue Streams and “Layered Openness”\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Following the traditional freemium–premium–indirect benefit typology, commons can adopt layered access models:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Freemium tiers (basic public access, with value-added services such as data quality assurance or curation).\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Premium tiers (tailored APIs, enriched datasets, analytical dashboards).\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Indirect models (where open data supports core business functions, e.g., transportation or health platforms leveraging open mobility data).\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">This mirrors the razor-and-blades logic—open access as entry, with monetization through complementary services.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">3. Cooperative and Mutualized Models\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The cooperative mechanisms in projects like POSMO echo a broader movement toward data cooperatives and membership-based stewardship, where users and contributors collectively govern data resources. These models blur the line between producers and consumers of data and create incentives for contribution, trust, and shared value capture—an operationalization of “data as a commons.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">4. Public–Private–Philanthropic Hybrids\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Hybrid financing—where governments provide infrastructure, philanthropy underwrites experimentation, and private actors co-invest through services or technology partnerships—is increasingly viable. Such tri-sectoral approaches ensure both legitimacy and flexibility while reducing dependency on single revenue sources.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">5. Sustainability Through Service Design\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Sustainable commons shift from “data release” to data services. Data is costly to produce but cheap to reproduce; hence, viable models rely on scaling re-use, not access fees. Commons can provide support, visualization, integration, and analytics services—monetizing added value rather than access itself.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">6. Governance as a Differentiator\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In a landscape where technical barriers are declining, governance becomes the new competitive advantage. Trusted intermediaries, transparent access processes, and demonstrable compliance with ethical and legal standards enable commons to attract users and funders. When openness increases, differentiation shifts from data access to governance and algorithmic quality.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">7. AI-Ready and Trust-Based Commons\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Finally, as AI transforms data value chains, data commons will increasingly function as AI training and testing ecosystems. Business models will depend on their capacity to ensure data quality, representativeness, and explainability. Initiatives that align openness with responsible AI development—through privacy-preserving infrastructures, social license mechanisms, and domain-specific curation—will define the next generation of commons.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Conclusion\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The evolution from open data portals to fully fledged data commons ecosystems represents both an economic and institutional shift: from data as a public artifact to data as a shared asset. The emerging business models underpinning these commons—whether government-backed, cooperative, or hybrid— may signal a maturation of the data economy toward shared data stewardship, layered value creation, and mission-oriented sustainability. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">However, it is important to note that the above comparison is not fully comprehensive and many other funding models may exist. Our analysis summarizes several funding models that data commons initiatives are using and does not comment on the effectiveness of these models and whether they are sustainable over time. The information above was gathered through secondary research and was limited to the information made public on the initiatives’ websites. Additionally, we selected the examples from our repository where the majority are published in English. As such, we likely did not include funding models typically used in non-English speaking regions. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">To build on this work, future research may focus on the following questions:\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">1. Catalytic and Enabling Roles\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">What roles do governments, development agencies, and philanthropic funders play in initiating and de-risking data commons?\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">How do policy frameworks, public investment, and regulatory incentives shape the emergence of sustainable data commons ecosystems?\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">2. Funding Models and Sustainability\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Which funding and revenue models (e.g., government-backed, cooperative, public–private, subscription-based, or blended finance) have proven most effective in scaling and sustaining data commons—and under what conditions?\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">How do these models balance economic viability, openness, and public value over time?\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">What mechanisms exist to reinvest value generated by commons (e.g., through data dividends, shared infrastructure funds, or tiered access)?\u003Cbr>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">3. Institutional and Governance Dynamics\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">How do governance structures (e.g., cooperative boards, data trusts, federated management) interact with funding models to influence accountability and long-term resilience?\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Which institutional arrangements best mitigate collective action failures, such as underinvestment or the “tragedy of the commons”?\u003Cbr>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">4. Equity, Inclusion, and Global Diversity\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">How are data commons in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and non-English-speaking regions being funded and sustained?\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">What contextual factors (e.g., infrastructure, donor dependence, regulatory environments) affect their financial and institutional models?\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">How can funding mechanisms promote inclusive participation, especially from marginalized communities and local data producers?\u003Cbr>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">5. Learning and Future Directions\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">What metrics and indicators can assess the effectiveness and sustainability of data commons funding models?\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">How might emerging technologies (e.g., blockchain, decentralized finance, smart contracts) enable new forms of collective financing and stewardship?\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">***\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Have any questions or are interested in collaborating? Reach out to us at newcommons@opendatapolicylab.org.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/emerging-funding-and-business-models-for-data-commons-a-comparison",{"title":894,"description":898},"emerging-funding-and-business-models-for-data-commons-a-comparison","blogposts/emerging-funding-and-business-models-for-data-commons-a-comparison",[907,908],"Research","Data Commons","tM2dLdUSniCCCXY3VnK4P3Puio7-ZP7H1UIhacCBbPY",{"id":911,"title":912,"author":913,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":914,"body":34,"category":44,"date":915,"description":912,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":912,"image":916,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":917,"meta":918,"navigation":15,"path":919,"registrationLink":34,"seo":920,"slug":921,"startTime":34,"stem":922,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":923},"blogposts/blogposts/key-lesson-of-this-years-nobel-prize-the-importance-of-unlocking-data-reuse-responsibly-to-advance-science-and-improve-peoples-lives.json","Key lesson of this year’s Nobel Prize: The importance of unlocking data reuse responsibly to advance science and improve people’s lives","Stefaan Verhulst, Anna Colom, Marta Poblet, The Data Tank",[],"2024-10-17T00:00:00","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/f1a56c80-f46f-4cbc-8675-b8984592745d","\u003Ch1 id=\"key-lesson-of-this-year’s-nobel-prize-the-importance-of-unlocking-data-reuse-responsibly-to…\">Key lesson of this year’s Nobel Prize: The importance of unlocking data reuse responsibly to advance science and improve people’s lives\u003C/h1>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"key-lesson-of-this-year’s-nobel-prize-the-importance-of-unlocking-data-reuse-responsibly-to-advance-science-and-improve-people’s-lives\">\u003Cstrong>Key lesson of this year’s Nobel Prize: The importance of unlocking data reuse responsibly to advance science and improve people’s lives\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cbr>\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp>Image by Alan Warburton / © BBC / Better Images of AI / Nature / CC-BY 4.0\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>** \u003Cem>This year’s\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2024/press-release/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> \u003Cem>Nobel Prize for Chemistry\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>owes a lot to available, standardised, high quality data that can be reused to improve people’s lives. The winners, Prof David Baker from the University of Washington, and Demis Hassabis and John M. Jumper from Google DeepMind, were awarded respectively for the development and prediction of new proteins that can have important medical applications. These developments build on AI models that can predict protein structures in unprecedented ways. However, key to these models and their potential to unlock health discoveries is an open curated\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://alphafold.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> \u003Cem>dataset\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>with high quality and standardised data,\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.technologyreview.com/2024/10/15/1105533/a-data-bottleneck-is-holding-ai-science-back-says-new-nobel-winner/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003Cem>something still rare\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>despite the pace and scale of AI-driven development.\u003C/em>**\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>We live in a paradoxical time of both data abundance and data scarcity: a lot of data is being created and stored, but it tends to be inaccessible due to private interests and weak regulations. The challenge, then, is to prevent the misuse of data \u003Ca href=\"#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">whilst avoiding its \u003Cem>missed\u003C/em> use\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The reuse of data remains limited in Europe, but a new set of regulations seeks to increase the possibilities of responsible data reuse. When the European Commission made the case for its \u003Ca href=\"https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX%3A52020DC0066\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">European Data Strategy\u003C/a> in 2020, it envisaged the European Union “a role model for a society empowered by data to make better decisions — in business and the public sector,” and acknowledged the need to improve “governance structures for handling data and to increase its pools of quality data available for use and reuse”.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The EU AI Act and the European Data Strategy, which encompasses the Data Act, the Data Governance Act, and sector-level regulations like the recently adopted European Health Data Space, seek to address power asymmetries related to who holds and benefits from data. The aim is to enable the creation of ecosystems that facilitate infrastructure and rules for responsible data reuse. This has the potential to enable better public services and a more vibrant, diverse economy, whilst also improving data governance and increasing the control European citizens have over data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>More to do on stewardship skills, data transparency and meaningful consent.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The strategic use and reuse of data can inform decision-making, enhance service delivery, and drive advocacy efforts. As these possibilities are recognised and new regulations are implemented, persistent gaps are revealed as organisations across all sectors struggle to establish practices of open data and data collaboration. Addressing three particular issues is now vital for the successful delivery of Europe’s data strategy.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>First, there is a need for new skills: across both public and private sectors we see a lack of capacity to define and deliver successful strategic data collaborations. This can be addressed by redefining roles and responsibilities in data governance and reimagining the role of the data steward. Secondly, data must be made available for reuse, in the public interest, beyond the purposes for which consent might have been originally given. This means rethinking binary and individual approaches to consent, for which ongoing and meaningful public engagement is key. Thirdly, and particularly in the context of general-purpose AI models, there is a need for strong protocols that can enforce transparency in data provenance, data quality and guarantees around the social license, legitimacy and legality behind the use of the data and the options for its reuse.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Re-imagining data stewardship\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>It is crucial to re-define the use of data, recognising its potential to further the common good and, for this to happen, it is also important to re-define roles and responsibilities in data governance. This means shifting focus from technical tasks to strategic data collaborations. In this context, re-imagining the role of the Data Steward means building the human resources and infrastructure that organisations need to operate functions that centre on collaboration and independence in the responsible reuse of data. Data stewards are critical in making data collaboration more systematic, sustainable, and responsible. They are the “\u003Ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2632324921000043/type/journal_article\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">individuals or teams within data-holding organisations who are empowered to proactively initiative, facilitate, and coordinate data collaboratives toward the public interest\u003C/a>”.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The European Commission’s Expert Group on Business to Government (B2G) Data Sharing highlighted the emerging \u003Ca href=\"https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d96edc29-70fd-11eb-9ac9-01aa75ed71a1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">data stewardship profession as essential\u003C/a> for the successful implementation of the European Data Act and Data Governance Act. \u003Ca href=\"https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2785/948477\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A European expert \u003C/a>group on the reuse of data for official statistics has also recommended the development of data stewardship functions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Public participation to achieve social licence\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>It is an enormous challenge to rethink the binary and individual approaches to consent, such that organisations can seek and acquire a social licence to reuse for purposes data beyond those originally intended.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>An approach is to create data ecosystems that effectively include a broad range of stakeholders: private, government, and third sector organisations, and, importantly, also the public(s) themselves who have often generated the data in the first place and who will be affected by how it is used. The inclusion of citizens takes such ecosystems beyond traditional public private partnership models towards inclusive data collaboratives models. This can enable organisations to gain social licence for data reuse.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In these multi-faceted contexts, trust and legitimacy are important. The data stewardship function discussed above is an essential enabler of this, as is the right regulatory framework, which the EU’s data strategy aims to provide. Ongoing and meaningful public engagement is another vital ingredient. As Marta Poblet, The Data Tank’s Senior Research Lead, has observed, legality comes not only from the work of government representatives and the judiciary, but also from \u003Ca href=\"http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-030-13363-4_5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">engagement and democratic dialogue with the public\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>If we understand data as a public good, then public participation and a social licence to operate become particularly important. For example, a standing people’s assembly has been proposed as a way to achieve meaningful public engagement in the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.adalovelaceinstitute.org/policy-briefing/eu-ai-act-trilogues/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">context of the AI Act\u003C/a>. The implementation of the European Health Data Space could also benefit from greater in-depth and meaningful public participation. Such engagement will need to be iterative and ongoing, particularly in the context of data ecosystems that involve multiple stakeholders and ongoing flows of demand and supply for data reuse.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Next generation data policy\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>AI-driven technologies, and general-purpose AI models in particular, bring in new challenges related to responsible data reuse. They are blurring boundaries of how data and consent processes are used, making the role of the emerging profession of Data Stewards and meaningful participation and social licensing only more urgent. The \u003Ca href=\"https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/news/ai-act-participate-drawing-first-general-purpose-ai-code-practice\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">code of practice currently being developed\u003C/a> in the EU for general-purpose AI models should also enforce standards on data quality, data provenance, data governance and transparency related to meaningful engagement and consent to use and reuse these data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>We believe these are key pathways for Europe’s next digital agenda to address this data stagnation issue and build a more inclusive and data-empowered society. And, perhaps, open the door to more Nobel prize winners too.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/key-lesson-of-this-years-nobel-prize-the-importance-of-unlocking-data-reuse-responsibly-to-advance-science-and-improve-peoples-lives",{"title":912,"description":912},"key-lesson-of-this-years-nobel-prize-the-importance-of-unlocking-data-reuse-responsibly-to-advance-science-and-improve-peoples-lives","blogposts/key-lesson-of-this-years-nobel-prize-the-importance-of-unlocking-data-reuse-responsibly-to-advance-science-and-improve-peoples-lives","2EU-qkt9rZOmdYpO78l7iZdBeC5OwtEvd-bsXpLgvo8",{"id":925,"title":926,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":927,"body":34,"category":349,"date":928,"description":929,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":926,"image":930,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":931,"meta":932,"navigation":15,"path":933,"registrationLink":34,"seo":934,"slug":935,"startTime":34,"stem":936,"tags":937,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":940},"blogposts/blogposts/building-the-future-of-public-interest-ai-certi-amazonia-institute-and-nyu-peace-research-announced-as-winners-of-the-new-commons-challenge.json","Building the Future of Public-Interest AI: Certi Amazônia Institute and NYU Peace Research Announced as Winners of the New Commons Challenge",[],"2024-09-26T00:00:00","Artificial Intelligence is only as good as the data it draws upon. For public-interest uses — from emergency response to localized decision making — high-quality, representative, and responsibly governed datasets are essential. Yet too often, the data needed for humanitarian interventions or local problem-solving is fragmented, inaccessible, or not aligned with community needs and expectations.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/a8bbc7aa-26f0-45f6-9a59-fc90231c32dc","\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Building The Future Of Public Interest Ai Certi Amazonia Institute And NYU Peace Research Announced As Winners Of The New Commons Challenge\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>New York, September 25, 2025\u003C/strong>—Artificial Intelligence is only as good as the data it draws upon. For public-interest uses—from emergency response to localized decision making— high-quality, representative, and responsibly governed datasets are essential. Yet too often, the data needed for humanitarian interventions or local problem-solving is fragmented, inaccessible, or not aligned with community needs and expectations.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Data commons address this gap. By pooling datasets under clear governance rules — with shared purpose, stewardship, and safeguards — they create trusted infrastructure for responsible AI. Unlike ad-hoc data projects, commons are designed for reuse, interoperability, and accountability, ensuring that AI solutions are not just technically sound but also socially licensed.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">“The future of AI in the public interest depends on more than algorithms — it depends on the data we choose to share, how we govern that data, and whether communities see value in its reuse.” — Stefaan Verhulst, The GovLab\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">“From disaster relief to public health, the fastest path to impact is making frontline data findable, trustworthy, and reusable.” — Andrew Schroeder, VP of Research & Analysis, Direct Relief\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">That is precisely the objective of the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.newcommons.ai/'\">New Commons Challenge\u003C/a>: to accelerate the creation of data commons that fuel AI-driven solutions while respecting community expectations and maximizing public value.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The Challenge awards two initiatives with $100,000 each to develop data commons that fuel responsible AI innovation as it relates to disaster response and localized decision making. It is an initiative by the \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\">Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/a> (a collaboration between Microsoft and The GovLab) and was conducted in partnership with \u003Ca href=\"https://www.directrelief.org/\">Direct Relief\u003C/a>/\u003Ca href=\"http://crisisready.io\">CrisisReady\u003C/a>, the \u003Ca href=\"https://hls.harvard.edu/library/about-the-library/library-staff/institutional-data-initiative/\">Institutional Data Initiative at the Harvard Law School Library\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.unesco.org/en\">UNESCO\u003C/a> (international observer).\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">On Thursday, September 25th at an event in New York, the winners of the 2025 New Commons Challenge were announced. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Certi Amazônia Institute and NYU Peace Research and Education Program have been named as the winners of the New Commons Challenge: \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\"> \u003C/p>\n\u003Ccenter>\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/2a37a334-8a50-40e7-876b-289be218afa3.jpg?width=729&height=486\" alt=\"Presentation on the Amazon Rainforest Presentation\">\u003C/center>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">CERTI Amazônia Institute received the award for Enhancement of a Data Commons. Their \u003Ca href=\"https://www.newcommons.ai/winners/amazon-rainforest-evolution-index\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amazon Rainforest Evolution Index\u003C/a> transforms environmental data into AI-ready tools to track deforestation and land-use change in Brazil’s Legal Amazon—a region covering nine states and roughly 61% of Brazil’s territory, empowering sustainable development decisions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">“The Amazon is changing before our eyes. With the Amazon Rainforest Evolution Index, we’re transforming disparate data into a shared commons that communities, scientists, and policymakers can all use. Our goal is to empower sustainable choices that protect both the forest and the people who depend on it.” — \u003Cem>Executive Director, CERTI Amazônia Institute\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Ccenter>\u003Cem>\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/cf41aa9a-3e6d-4a2b-b0eb-a0a946881eff.png?width=648&height=432\" alt=\"Presentation from the Malawi Voice Data Commons\">\u003C/em>\u003C/center>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">NYU Peace Research and Education Program is the award winner of the Development of a Data Commons category. Their initiative, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.newcommons.ai/winners/malawi-voice-data-commons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Malawi Voice Data Commons\u003C/a>, developed in collaboration with Ushahidi, UNDP, and Mozilla Foundation, enables rural Malawians to report emergencies in native languages, creating multilingual, AI-ready datasets for humanitarian response and language preservation. The pilot will take place in Malawi with plans to scale across Sub-Saharan Africa.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">“When floods approach or violence erupts, language barriers can be deadly. The Malawi Voice Data Commons allows rural Malawians to report emergencies in their own languages while preserving cultural heritage. By making these voices AI-ready, we are ensuring that humanitarian response is faster and more inclusive.” — \u003Cem>Katerina Siira and Marine Collins Ragnet Co-Program Leads, NYU Peace Research and Education Program\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The \u003Ca href=\"https://www.newcommons.ai/prize/#judges\">judges\u003C/a>, composed of diverse experts across technology, civil society, academia, and international organizations also provided four honorary distinctions. These included:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>\u003Cstrong>Development of a Data Commons:\u003C/strong>\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.newcommons.ai/winners/querido-diario\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Open Knowledge Brazil’s Querido Diário\u003C/a>: \u003C/strong>Open Knowledge Brasil’s initiative converts municipal gazettes into AI-readable datasets, advancing transparency, civic oversight, and inclusive governance across Brazil.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.newcommons.ai/winners/know-your-city-academy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Slum Dwellers International’s Know Your City Academy\u003C/a>:\u003C/strong> Slum Dwellers International and Arkology Studio are building a data commons for 5,000+ informal settlements in 18 African countries, integrating oral histories and structured data to promote peer learning and inclusive data practices.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong> \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>Enhancement of a Data Commons\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.newcommons.ai/winners/place-hub-in-nigeria\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PLACE Foundation’s PLACE Hub in Nigeria\u003C/a>: \u003C/strong>Funded by ThisisPLACE, PLACE is replicating its proven model in other regions to Abuja, Nigeria to expand its community-driven spatial data infrastructure to enable responsible AI for urban planning, disaster response, and infrastructure development in Nigeria.   \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.newcommons.ai/winners/advancing-climate-justice-the-climate-mobility-case-database\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Global Strategic Litigation Council’s Advancing Climate Justice\u003C/a>: T\u003C/strong>he Climate Mobility Case Database: Tens of millions are displaced annually by the climate crisis. The Climate Mobility Case Database uses AI to distill complex global case law on climate displacement into accessible, multilingual knowledge. By distilling lessons learned from courts across the world, this open platform equips communities, practitioners, and policymakers with the tools to defend rights, strengthen advocacy, and drive policy reform for at-risk and climate-displaced people worldwide. Developed by the Global Strategic Litigation Council, in collaboration with Earth Refuge, the Raoul Wallenberg Institute, and the Zolberg Institute.\u003Cstrong>\u003Cbr>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">What’s Next\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The New Commons Challenge is not only about recognizing innovators — it is also about building a broader ecosystem for data commons. The next phase will include:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Incubator Support: \u003C/strong>Providing the winning teams with mentorship, technical assistance, and peer learning opportunities to refine and scale their data commons.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Repository of Examples: \u003C/strong>Expanding our open, living library of data commons projects worldwide, offering policymakers, practitioners, and funders a resource to learn from proven models.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Blueprint for Developing a Data Commons:\u003C/strong> Operationalizing practical guidance on how to design, govern, and sustain data commons in ways that align with community expectations and serve the public interest.\u003Cbr>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Together, these efforts will ensure that the Challenge goes beyond awards — laying the foundation for a global movement of data commons that unlock responsible AI for societal good.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">For more information about the New Commons Challenge and the 2025 awardees, visit \u003Ca href=\"http://newcommons.ai\">newcommons.ai\u003C/a> or email us at \u003Ca href=\"mailto:newcommons@opendatapolicylab.org\">newcommons@opendatapolicylab.org\u003C/a>. \u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/building-the-future-of-public-interest-ai-certi-amazonia-institute-and-nyu-peace-research-announced-as-winners-of-the-new-commons-challenge",{"title":926,"description":929},"building-the-future-of-public-interest-ai-certi-amazonia-institute-and-nyu-peace-research-announced-as-winners-of-the-new-commons-challenge","blogposts/building-the-future-of-public-interest-ai-certi-amazonia-institute-and-nyu-peace-research-announced-as-winners-of-the-new-commons-challenge",[131,938,939,908],"Public Interest","New Commons","dnNrWqs8TAfMwbzZYaB2BPR_PBlg8Ayavg_yg1B8p1w",{"id":942,"title":943,"author":895,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":944,"body":34,"category":349,"date":945,"description":946,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":943,"image":947,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":948,"meta":949,"navigation":15,"path":950,"registrationLink":34,"seo":951,"slug":952,"startTime":34,"stem":953,"tags":954,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":957},"blogposts/blogposts/reimagining-data-access-readiness-and-governance-in-the-age-of-ai.json","Reimagining Data Access, Readiness, and Governance in the Age of AI",[],"2024-09-25T00:00:00","The State of Open Data Policy Summit is an annual conference hosted by the Open Data Policy Lab (a collaboration between The GovLab and Microsoft) to explore how policy and technology shape access to data for public interest re-use.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/b76d9772-30c5-4728-9a4f-6af109ea5995","\u003Cdiv class=\"base-card-body\" data-v-2b85cfb6=\"\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"base-card-content\" data-v-2b85cfb6=\"\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"article-card-content | stack-l\" data-v-871cfd72=\"\">\n\u003Ch2 class=\"article-card-title\">Reimagining Data Access Readiness And Governance In The Age Of Ai\u003C/h2>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>The State of Open Data Policy Summit is an annual conference hosted by \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\">the Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/a> (a collaboration between \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.org/\">The GovLab\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/\">Microsoft\u003C/a>) to explore how policy and technology shape access to data for public interest re-use. \u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>In past years, the summit has looked at ways institutions have \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/event-announcing-new-global-nonpartisan-summit-on-state-of-open-data-policy/\">pursued purpose-driven data re-use\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/events-turning-to-purpose-driven-collaborative-open-data-sharing-and-standards-in-the-public-and-private-sectors-takeaways-from-the-state-of-open-data-policy-summit/\">operationalized collaborative governance models\u003C/a>. It has also examined the possible challenges represented by a “\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/event-averting-a-data-winter-reflections-from-the-third-annual-state-of-open-data-policy-summit/\">data winter\u003C/a>”—a period marked by reduced data access.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>On 4 September 2025, the Open Data Policy Lab hosted its Fourth Annual State of Open Data Policy Summit to focus on how generative AI and open data intersect.  In the below, we provide major takeaways. Watch the full recording \u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uWc1LxWI8g8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Ciframe title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/uWc1LxWI8g8?si=cGkqQd9WTqbHY6-i\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Introduction to the Summit\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ciframe title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/jGK8Ou5H50A?si=wun4BuT-LtMCq-pa\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The GovLab’s Co-Founder \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.org/stefaan-verhulst.html\">Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/a> introduced the summit by offering three observations to reflect on the current state of open data:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Observation 1: Mass adoption of generative AI signals entrance into the\u003Ca href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/new-report-a-fourth-wave-of-open-data-exploring-the-spectrum-of-scenarios-for-open-data-and-generative-ai\"> Fourth Wave of Open Data\u003C/a>, where open data augments artificial intelligence (AI) and AI democratizes access to open data.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Observation 2: Despite an \"AI Summer\" of AI increasingly applied in the public interest, the availability and accessibility of open data is rapidly declining - leading to a “\u003Ca href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/are-we-entering-a-data-winter-f654eb8e8663\">Data Winter\u003C/a>”. Countries restrict access to national climate data, for instance, while social media companies tightly control platform data.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Observation 3: New types of data policies are emerging. Some countries are reconsidering whether existing data governance frameworks are still fit-for-purpose in the age of AI. New policies like the United Kingdom's \u003Ca href=\"https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/3825\">Data (Use and Access) Act\u003C/a>, reinvigorate access to public and private sector data. Other countries are developing platforms and data libraries to amass national collections of data, like India's\u003Ca href=\"https://bit.ly/4n0LE0h\"> National Data Platform\u003C/a>. Additionally, international bodies are producing steering frameworks like the\u003Ca href=\"http://bit.ly/AGDC23\"> Global Digital Compact\u003C/a> to ensure that the benefits of digital data are distributed equitably.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Framing the Moment: From Open by Default to AI-Ready by Design\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ciframe title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/GIzkE31BXG8?si=t2uh5ahBmB8fSJLr\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.un.org/digital-emerging-technologies/content/about\">Amandeep Singh Gill\u003C/a>, Under-Secretary-General and Special Envoy for Digital and Emerging Technologies at the United Nations, then shared opening remarks. Under-Secretary-General Gill noted that the world needs a mindset shift where “data is the soil for inclusive innovation, soil for the growth of the digital economy. How can we incentivize this mindset shift from oil [implying competition] to soil, and how can we incentivize access and sharing of open data in the public interest?” He explained that this mindset shift requires global frameworks and standards that foreground transparency and accountability in shaping future digital and data markets.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">One such framework is the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.un.org/global-digital-compact/en\">Global Digital Compact\u003C/a> (GDC), which 193 countries adopted by consensus last year. He noted that one of the GDC's five pillars is data, which led to the creation of a high-level multi-stakeholder working group on data governance. This working group will focus on the public-interest themes of access, openness, data commons, and data for development.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In the age of AI, \"openness\" needs to be clearly defined throughout the cycle of producing, curating, processing, and (re)-using data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Public Sector Panel - Open Data Policy and Data Governance in a Fragmented World\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ciframe title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/Gv3Q_u6Tz0k?si=b6OCyuKR-8XeW7yg\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Stefaan Verhulst moderated a discussion between \u003Ca href=\"https://www.oecd-events.org/paris21-annual-meetings/speaker/603b1cb2-4e84-eb11-b566-000d3a20ecf5/johannes-jutting\">Johannes Jütting\u003C/a> (Executive Head of PARIS21), \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/oliverwise/\">Oliver Wise\u003C/a>, (Former Chief Data Officer and Acting Under Secretary for Economic Affairs at the United States Department of Commerce), and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.weforum.org/people/philip-thigo/\">Ambassador Philip Thigo\u003C/a> (Special Envoy on Technology for the Republic of Kenya). The discussion focused on how governments can provide official and reliable information for the AI era. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Ambassador Thigo reminded the audience that the majority of the world is grappling with the “First Wave”, that being the process of producing and opening data. Before reaching the \"Fourth Wave\" question of making sure that AI training data is debiased and representative, the principles of previous waves—transparency, accountability, and interoperability—need to be put into practice. He also highlighted the equalizing and market-shaping role of government in development contexts, saying, “We need to have sort of a shared stewardship that no one actor owns these sort of high value datasets that have potentially high impact, especially for development, decision making, outcomes.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Oliver Wise steered the discussion towards making official data findable through AI. The vision, according to Wise, is, “a user experience where a user of any sophistication level can use free and widely available generative AI to get answers to their questions, and if the answers to their questions rely on public statistical data, that those AI systems can reliably find [accurate] data.” Based on\u003Ca href=\"https://www.commerce.gov/sites/default/files/2025-01/GenerativeAI-Open-Data.pdf\"> United States Department of Commerce guidelines\u003C/a>, Wise outlined three approaches:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Chatbots: Training GPTs on the nuance of public data (\u003Ca href=\"https://censusgpt.com/\">CensusGPT\u003C/a>)\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Data Management: Using variable-level metadata to ensure that official data is machine interpretable so that existing AI tools can find and interpret data (\u003Ca href=\"https://schema.org/\">schema.org\u003C/a>)\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Model Context Protocols (MCPs): Exposing instructions to AI agents on how to interpret data without having to change the data itself (\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.anthropic.com/en/docs/mcp\">Anthropic MCP builder\u003C/a>)\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Johannes Jütting (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.paris21.org/our-people\">Paris21\u003C/a>) paused to appreciate the current \"summer\" of national statistical data, that being the\u003Ca href=\"https://odin.opendatawatch.com/Report/biennialReport2024\"> increased capacity\u003C/a> in over 162 countries to produce and govern official data. However, he had concerns as well, fearing that the public may not understand the importance of high-quality official data. National statistical offices need to invest more resources in engaging and educating citizens.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The panel closed with reflections on how to produce and use high-quality data in the age of AI. All panelists recognized the importance of creating standards and practices for producing unstructured data and Johannes noted that, \"[Producing] quality data isn't cheap. It costs money, it costs resources, it costs technical skills. And I think we need to be more vocal that [...] good quality data is important for democracies and for the SDGs.\"\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Private Sector and Civil Society Panel - Unlocking Value Responsibly\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ciframe title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/jCpia1RqqAg?si=VxzK0gEciBd-0FJm\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The Summit then hosted a panel with private sector and civil society representatives on inclusive and collaborative forms of governing open data. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/johnwilbanks/\">John Wilbanks\u003C/a> (Expert in scientific ML/AI data products, platforms, and governance) moderated the conversation between \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/claire-foulquier-gazagnes/?originalSubdomain=fr\">Claire Foulquier-Gazagnes\u003C/a> (Member of the Board at Current AI), \u003Ca href=\"https://omidyar.com/people/michele-lawrence-jawando/\">Michele Jawando\u003C/a> (President of the Omidyar Network), \u003Ca href=\"https://school.takshashila.org.in/faculty/venkatesh-hariharan\">Venkatesh Hariharan\u003C/a> (India Representative in the Open Invention Network), and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/rollison/\">Jeremy Rollison\u003C/a> (Head of EU Policy for Microsoft).\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">“Data is not just important; it's truly foundational. Without high quality and diverse data, we cannot have public interest AI,” said Claire Foulquier-Gazagnes. Claire highlighted three open data trends she has witnessed over the last 10 years:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Multi-sectoral embrace of Open Data: Open data is no longer just the realm of government. Instead, efforts like\u003Ca href=\"https://world.openfoodfacts.org/\"> Open Food Facts\u003C/a> demonstrate actors across borders are collaborating to generate high-quality datasets.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Open-source and open data collaboration: Platforms like Hugging Face are facilitating cooperation between open-source developers and open data providers, resulting in initiatives like\u003Ca href=\"https://huggingface.co/blog/Pclanglais/common-corpus\"> Common Corpus\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Reluctance to \"Open Up\" data: Because generative AI relies on vast training data that is scraped from many sources, Claire expressed fear that many data holders have little incentive to open up their data.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Michele Jawando was excited by growing private-sector awareness of the need for responsible governance. She saw this awareness in the growing number of review systems, technical boards, ethics committees, external advisors, executive accountability standards, risk-based classification systems, and similar mechanisms. Michele also emphasized building community trust. “When you have engagement infrastructure, when you have co-design processes, when you have independent technical advisors, you’re going to see a shift [...] where people have confidence in data and the deployment of AI models.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Venkatesh Hariharan underscored the importance of large, high-quality datasets for developing large language models (LLMs) in many languages. Venkatesh stressed that datasets must be fully culturally inclusive and diverse, even within areas that share the same language. This was the experience of \u003Ca href=\"https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/technology/the-story-behind-the-telugu-slm-chandamama-kathalu/articleshow/106237399.cms?from=mdr\">Telugu SLM\u003C/a>, where 45,000 volunteers collected language samples across Telangana and, Venkatesh noted, “Every 20 kilometers, the dialect changes. Every 20 kilometers, the type of food you eat changes. Every Indian state has massive diversity, even within a single linguistic formulation.” According to Venkatesh, these datasets should only be licensed to open source projects, ensuring that the benefit is received by those who provided data. “Personal data is also important for training AI models and therefore consent becomes essential, especially in countries that have data privacy laws,” Venkatesh said. “Consent networks like \u003Ca href=\"https://sahamati.org.in\">India's Account Aggregator\u003C/a> will be needed to enable consented data flows.” \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Jeremy Rollison supported \u003Ca href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/data-commons-for-ai-blueprint.pdf\">data commons \u003C/a>for ensuring that datasets are not only diverse, representative, and inclusive, but accessible to smaller organizations that might not otherwise be able to access large amounts of high-quality data. “It's really unlikely that any one organization has enough data on their own to be successful at AI [...], so data sharing is going to be more important than ever, and it needs to be done in a way that addresses risks and reservations.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Each panelist offered a view of what widespread public trust in open data would look like in five years: community demand for replication of data commons (Jeremy), creation and use of verified credentials to track the creation of AI-generated content (Venkatesh), government data as easily usable as commercial APIs and subsequent public confidence (Michele), increased investment in data literacy to create genuine co-design (Claire).\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Closing Remarks - What’s Next for the Open Data Agenda?\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/b41451a5-5268-4432-a8b4-72a9e3e5d8e6.png?width=1600&height=827\" alt=\"Building a Smarter Fairer and More Durable Open Data Future\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Ciframe title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/ShFffjrlenI?si=r89odzYhBvJrdtdj\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Stefaan Verhulst closed the Summit by articulating steps needed to ensure that open data serves the public interest. Echoing Under-Secretary-General Gill and Claire Foulquier-Gazagnes, Stefaan emphasized that open data no longer just means “open by default,” so “openness” must be defined by communities in governance structures like data commons, as Jeremy Rollison suggested. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Stefaan underscored that data readiness in the age of AI requires new datasets, as Venkatesh Hariharan discussed. In order to prevent data enclosure and avoid extraction, institutions must build the community trust that Michele Jawando envisioned. “If there is no social license, if there is no trust, then data will not be made available, or shared, and will be much harder to sustain public interest AI or even the potential summer of AI.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Finally, Stefaan highlighted that the open data community must engage in technology and policy forecasting to navigate the implications of geopolitics for emerging technology.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">***\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>We hope you found these conversations as productive as we did. In addition to reading the reflections above or watching the video recordings, we encourage you to follow the Open Data Policy Lab as it pursues these topics. \u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>Have any questions or interested in collaborating? Email us at \u003Ca href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\">datastewards@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>. \u003C/em>\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/reimagining-data-access-readiness-and-governance-in-the-age-of-ai",{"title":943,"description":946},"reimagining-data-access-readiness-and-governance-in-the-age-of-ai","blogposts/reimagining-data-access-readiness-and-governance-in-the-age-of-ai",[955,956],"Policy","Governance","ltSMb0r9OJvom3cyWYsTPS71k-9a6esWC2MkIEUSsBc",{"id":959,"title":960,"author":154,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":961,"body":34,"category":99,"date":962,"description":963,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":960,"image":964,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":965,"meta":966,"navigation":15,"path":967,"registrationLink":34,"seo":968,"slug":969,"startTime":34,"stem":970,"tags":971,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":973},"blogposts/blogposts/monitoring-the-re-use-and-impact-of-non-traditional-data.json","Monitoring the Re-Use and Impact of Non-Traditional Data",[],"2024-09-04T00:00:00","Non-Traditional Data (NTD) — data digitally captured, mediated, or observed through instruments such as satellites, social media, mobility apps, and wastewater testing — holds immense potential when re-used responsibly for purposes beyond those for which it was originally collected. If combined with traditional sources and guided by strong governance, NTD can generate entirely new forms of public value — what we call the Third Wave of Open Data.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/7eebce6b-3a60-40e1-85a7-169e7698d470","\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Non-Traditional Data (NTD) — data digitally captured, mediated, or observed through instruments such as satellites, social media, mobility apps, and wastewater testing — holds immense potential when re-used responsibly for purposes beyond those for which it was originally collected. If combined with traditional sources and guided by strong governance, NTD can generate entirely new forms of public value — what we call the \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\">Third Wave of Open Data.\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Yet, there is often little awareness of how these datasets are currently being applied, and even less visibility on the lessons learned. That is why we curate and monitor, on a quarterly basis, emerging developments that provide better insight into the value and risks of NTD.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In previous \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/new-blog-post-unlocking-public-value-with-non-traditional-data-recent-use-cases-and-emerging-trends/\">updates,\u003C/a> we focused on how NTD has been applied across domains like financial inclusion, public health, socioeconomic analysis, urban mobility, governance, labor dynamics, and digital behavior, helping to surface hidden inequities, improve decision-making, and build more responsive systems. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">In this update, we have curated recent advances where researchers and practitioners are using NTD to close monitoring gaps in climate resilience, track migration flows more effectively, support health surveillance, and strengthen urban planning. Their work demonstrates how satellite imagery can provide missing data, how crowdsourced information can enhance equity and resilience, and how AI can extract insights from underused streams.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Below we highlight recent cases, organized by public purpose and type of data. We conclude with reflections on the broader patterns and governance lessons emerging across these cases. Taken together, they illustrate both the expanding potential of NTD applications and the collaborative frameworks required to translate data innovation into real-world impact.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Categories\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Public Health & Disease Surveillance\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Environment, Climate & Biodiversity\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Urban Systems, Mobility & Planning\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Migration\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Food Security & Markets\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Information Flows for Risk and Policy\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong> \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Public Health & Disease Surveillance\u003C/h2>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Loyalty Card Data\u003C/h3>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca style=\"font-size: 15px;\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.2196/75720\">\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/adf24cbe-fe91-42d1-8e96-132e2e76840e.png?width=826&height=255\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 113621\">\u003C/a>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Suhag, Alisha, Romana Burgess & Anya Skatova. “Shopping Data for Population Health Surveillance: Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Directions.” Journal of Medical Internet Research 27 (2025): e75720. \u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.2196/75720\">https://doi.org/10.2196/75720\u003C/a> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Explores how supermarket loyalty card data—collected for marketing—can also serve as a resource for tracking health behaviors and informing public health policy.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Analyzes commercial transaction records on food, alcohol, tobacco, and over-the-counter medicines. These high-frequency data provide early warning signals, such as spikes in cold medicine sales during outbreaks, and can be linked to socioeconomic trends not visible in surveys.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Loyalty card data are already widely collected and relatively inexpensive to analyze. With proper governance, they could become a powerful complement to official health surveillance, helping to identify health inequalities, monitor responses to interventions like sugar taxes, and provide near real-time feedback for policymakers.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Wearable / Sensor Data\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/ab2e3150-3ebe-45c4-be28-e15e54915c53.png?width=1205&height=282\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 113155\">Erturk, Eray, Fahad Kamran, Salar Abbaspourazad, Sean Jewell, Harsh Sharma, Yujie Li, Sinead Williamson, Nicholas J. Foti & Joseph Futoma. “Beyond Sensor Data: Foundation Models of Behavioral Data from Wearables Improve Health Predictions.” Proceedings of the 42nd International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML 2025), PMLR 267 (2025). \u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.00191 \" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.00191 \u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Develops a large-scale foundation model trained on behavioral data from wearables (rather than raw sensor signals) to improve health state detection. Using over 2.5 billion hours of data from 162,000 participants in the Apple Heart and Movement Study, the model was evaluated on 57 health-related tasks ranging from static outcomes (e.g., chronic conditions, medication use) to dynamic states (e.g., sleep quality, pregnancy, infections).\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Relies on higher-level behavioral metrics derived from Apple Watch and iPhone data—such as activity, gait, cardiovascular fitness, and sleep—captured at daily and weekly timescales. These derived measures are more closely aligned with meaningful health states than raw sensor streams, and were systematically modeled to handle irregular sampling and missingness.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Results show that behavioral wearables data can outperform raw biosignals (like PPG) in tasks where lifestyle and activity patterns drive outcomes, such as sleep, pregnancy, and injury detection. Combining behavioral and sensor-based foundation models delivered the strongest overall performance, demonstrating the complementary value of these data types. The study highlights the promise of responsibly leveraging everyday wearable data to enable more proactive, non-invasive, and personalized health monitoring.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Participatory / Crowdsourced Data\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/41a7f4b5-02a5-4b14-b37a-a24853121dee.png?width=758&height=285\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 113356\">Kelley, Kathleen, Nicolò Gozzi, Mattia Mazzoli & Daniela Paolotti. “Exploring influenza vaccination determinants through digital participatory surveillance.” BMC Public Health 25, Article 1345 (2025).\u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-22496-8?utm_source=chatgpt.com\"> https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-22496-8\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Uses over a decade of data from Influweb, the Italian arm of the Influenzanet participatory surveillance network, to study social, demographic, and behavioral factors associated with influenza vaccination uptake between 2011 and 2021.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Relies on longitudinal self-reported vaccination status and health behavior data contributed by thousands of volunteers online. This digital participatory surveillance system captures individual- and household-level details (e.g., transport use, household composition, medication for chronic illness) not available in traditional vaccination datasets, while enabling timely analysis across flu seasons.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Findings show that people living with minors or relying on public transportation were less likely to vaccinate despite higher exposure risk, while older adults, those with chronic conditions, and more educated individuals had higher uptake. Vaccination also rose during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study demonstrates how participatory surveillance can complement official records by adding real-time, contextual information, helping target communication and outreach strategies for groups at risk of under-vaccination.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/8659bb44-45ad-4cb5-897b-3d3199a2de2b.png?width=1363&height=350\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 113435\">\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Dungan, Rachel. “The Role of Crowdsourcing as Researchers Respond to Loss of Public Health Data.” AcademyHealth Blog, May 12, 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://academyhealth.org/blog/2025-05/role-crowdsourcing-researchers-respond-loss-public-health-data\">https://academyhealth.org/blog/2025-05/role-crowdsourcing-researchers-respond-loss-public-health-data\u003C/a> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Discusses how researchers are turning to crowdsourced data to fill gaps as U.S. public health surveillance systems face restrictions and rollbacks. Highlights both the opportunities and the limits of these approaches.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Profiles projects such as \u003Ca href=\"https://endingpandemics.org/projects/flu-near-you/\">Flu Near You\u003C/a> (self-reported symptoms), \u003Ca href=\"https://www.tycho.pitt.edu/\">Project Tycho\u003C/a> (digitized historical disease data), \u003Ca href=\"https://zoe.com/learn/category/covid?srsltid=AfmBOop_5vdFk0Fj9XLBAPmAnPeyrHAl-G9BmBp5rINnCEjGUi4Ti5Y8\">Zoe’s COVID Symptom Study\u003C/a>, and smartphone-based monitoring of infrastructure stress. These examples show how bottom-up contributions can supplement official data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Government-collected data remains essential, but crowdsourcing offers speed, inclusiveness, and local relevance. As access to official data narrows, combining grassroots efforts with authoritative systems may help maintain transparency, strengthen trust, and ensure health policy reflects diverse population needs.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Satellite + Environmental Data\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13842\">\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/c00ac5ad-ae0d-4a90-847d-33c7191d79ec.png?width=1035&height=204\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 113918\">\u003C/a>Wang, Yuanlong, Pengqi Wang, Changchang Yin & Ping Zhang. “SatHealth: A Multimodal Public Health Dataset with Satellite-based Environmental Factors.” arXiv, June 16 2025.  \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Introduces SatHealth, a large-scale dataset built to explore how environmental conditions shape health outcomes. The dataset links satellite-based measures of the physical environment with health insurance claims and social determinants of health. It is intended to support a wide range of research, from modeling disease risks to planning preventive interventions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Uses environmental information derived from satellites—including estimates of air quality, land surface temperature, and urban density—that are not available in traditional health records. These satellite-derived indicators are combined with administrative health data and socioeconomic factors to create a multimodal dataset.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Health outcomes are shaped not only by medical care but also by the environments in which people live. SatHealth provides researchers and policymakers with a resource to analyze these links at scale, enabling richer disease risk models, more targeted public health planning, and evidence that can guide policy and prevention strategies.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Wastewater Data\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/34e93c04-84e7-4dba-af1b-11840243ee7c.png?width=686&height=319\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 114003\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Wolfe, Marlene K., Amanda L. Bidwell, Stephen P. Hilton & Alexandria B. Boehm. “Wastewater surveillance for avian influenza: national patterns of detection and relationship with reported outbreaks and infections.” medRxiv, May 7, 2025.\u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.05.06.25327100\"> https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.05.06.25327100\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Looks at how wastewater monitoring can serve as an early warning system for avian influenza (H5N1) outbreaks across the United States.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Analyzes more than 18,000 wastewater samples collected from 147 treatment plants in 40 U.S. states. These samples were tested for fragments of avian influenza virus using a highly sensitive lab method called droplet digital PCR, which can detect and measure small amounts of genetic material. The results were then compared with official outbreak records from the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, covering poultry, wild birds, cattle, and human cases.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: The study found strong links between wastewater detections and official outbreak reports, suggesting that this kind of monitoring could complement existing animal and human surveillance systems. It shows that wastewater is not just useful for COVID-19 but can also track zoonotic threats before they spread widely.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/ac28d06f-ad7d-4b00-aba0-ab3f7c7f0107.png?width=972&height=325\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 114125\">\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Wood, Anthony J., Jessica Enright, Aeron R. Sanchez, Ewan Colman & Rowland R. Kao. “Improving wastewater-based epidemiology through strategic placement of samplers.” arXiv, June 17, 2025.\u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14331?utm_source=chatgpt.com\"> \u003C/a>\u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14331\">https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14331\u003C/a> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Explores how the positioning of wastewater samplers within sewer networks affects the ability to detect disease outbreaks early and at a local level.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Builds on wastewater-based epidemiology, which uses traces of pathogens in sewage as a measure of community infection levels. Through simulations and data from Scotland’s COVID-19 pandemic response, the authors model how different network structures and population distributions shape the signals captured.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Wastewater monitoring has proven valuable for tracking outbreaks, but this study shows its effectiveness depends on where samplers are placed. Thoughtful placement can make surveillance more precise and timely, supporting quicker responses to infectious disease threats such as polio or influenza.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong> \u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/e7b6777d-d1c2-4130-a0cb-480e82f3cf6c.png?width=640&height=350\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 114156\">\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Coulliette-Salmond, Angela, Florence Whitehill, Amanda K. Lyons, Bethelhem Abera, Colin Adler, Maroya Spalding Walters, Magdalena Medrzycki, Christine Ganim Kyros, Mariya Campbell, Michael Y. Lin, Rachel S. Poretsky, Adam Horton, Jennifer Weidhaas, James VanDerslice, L. Scott Benson, Erin M. Driver, Rolf U. Halden, Kerry A. Hamilton & Margaret Williams. “Considerations for healthcare wastewater surveillance of targeted antimicrobial-resistant organisms.” medRxiv, June 28, 2025.\u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.06.27.25330422?utm_source=chatgpt.com\"> https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.06.27.25330422\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Examines feasibility, methods, and operational considerations for implementing wastewater surveillance in healthcare facilities to detect antimicrobial-resistant pathogens such as carbapenemase-producing organisms and Candida auris.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Collects wastewater samples from long-term care and post-acute healthcare facilities to test for antimicrobial-resistant pathogens such as carbapenem-resistant bacteria and Candida auris. These wastewater findings were paired with on-site screening of patients and assessments of facility infrastructure. Together, this allowed the researchers to evaluate whether monitoring sewage at the facility level could provide an early warning system for dangerous pathogens before they spread more widely.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Outlines lessons learned from pilots in 16 facilities across five states, including feasibility rates, sampling challenges, and the importance of paired wastewater and clinical data, offering practical guidance for scaling surveillance to support infection control.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Environment, Climate & Biodiversity\u003C/h2>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Satellite & Remote Sensing\u003C/h3>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/58bf32fb-7b72-4caa-8b77-0beb52c9d991.png?width=574&height=350\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 114230\">\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Di Giuseppe, Francesca, Joe McNorton, Anna Lombardi, & Fredrik Wetterhall. “Global data-driven prediction of fire activity.” Nature Communications 16, 2918 (2025), April 1, 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-58097-7\">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-58097-7\u003C/a> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Develops and tests a machine learning system that predicts daily wildfirem activity at a kilometer scale. The model combines weather, vegetation, and ignition data to generate forecasts that are more precise than traditional fire risk indices.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Relies heavily on Earth-observing satellites. These include VIIRS (Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite) and NASA’s MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) to detect active fires; Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service to infer fuel abundance; and the ESA-CCI (European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative) for biomass data. These remote-sensing inputs are combined with models of fuel conditions and ignition proxies such as population density, road networks, and lightning strikes.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Wildfire forecasting has often depended on broad regional indices that miss local variation. This new system seeks to produce earlier and more localized warnings by combining multiple satellite streams and contextual data. That can give communities and agencies better tools to prepare for and respond to fire risks across very different ecosystems.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/28f6e7df-6402-4a44-902e-95a2599f3d79.png?width=590&height=350\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 114258\">\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Misra, Amit, Kevin White, Simone Fobi Nsutezo, William Straka III & Juan Lavista. “Mapping global floods with 10 years of satellite radar data.” Nature Communications 16, 5762 (2025), July 1, 2025.\u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60973-1\"> https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60973-1\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Presents a deep learning model that generates global flood maps from a decade of Earth observation data (2014–2024). The project produces one of the most consistent global flood extent datasets to date, tested in real-world cases such as cropland risk assessments in Ethiopia and Kenya.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Relies on Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), a European satellite that can “see” through clouds and operate day or night—critical for flood monitoring. The model also tested integrating additional geospatial datasets, namely soil moisture, elevation, and land cover to filter out false detections.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Flooding is one of the most damaging climate risks, but reliable data are often missing. This work provides an open global flood dataset and codebase that can support disaster response, agricultural risk assessment, and long-term resilience planning in vulnerable regions.\u003Cstrong>\u003Cbr>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/f8aca20d-6450-41fd-93dd-0ec567f185b4.png?width=1655&height=343\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 114328\">Kar, Arunima. “India Is Using AI and Satellites to Map Urban Heat Vulnerability Down to the Building Level.” Wired, June 23, 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/story/india-is-using-ai-and-satellites-to-map-urban-heat-vulnerability-down-to-the-building-level/\">https://www.wired.com/story/india-is-using-ai-and-satellites-to-map-urban-heat-vulnerability-down-to-the-building-level/\u003C/a> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Reports on initiatives in India, including work by researchers and city planners in Delhi and other cities, to generate hyperlocal maps of heat exposure and vulnerability. These maps identify which buildings and neighborhoods are at highest risk during extreme heat events, guiding local action plans.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Combines satellite-derived land surface temperature, GIS layers, and AI-based classification of roof types to estimate indoor heat exposure. These data are further integrated with socioeconomic and infrastructural information to produce ward- and neighborhood-scale risk maps.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Heat exposure can vary drastically even within a single block, yet most planning tools only operate at a city or regional scale. Building-level mapping allows governments to target interventions like cooling shelters, adjusted work hours, or greening programs where they are most urgently needed.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/3de2f6b8-d5bd-4f1e-aa4e-49d57cfa9122.png?width=1598&height=238\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 114537\">Nasios, Ioannis. “AI-driven multi-source data fusion for algal bloom severity classification in small inland water bodies: Leveraging Sentinel-2, DEM, and NOAA climate data.” arXiv, May 2, 2025.\u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.03808\"> https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.03808\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Proposes a machine learning framework to assess the severity of harmful algal blooms (HABs) in U.S. lakes and reservoirs. These blooms threaten drinking water, ecosystems, and human health, but are difficult to monitor with traditional sampling alone.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Integrates four sources: Sentinel-2 satellite imagery, Landsat-8 imagery, NOAA’s High-Resolution Rapid Refresh climate model, which provides hourly atmospheric data at 3-kilometer resolution, and the Copernicus Digital Elevation Model, a 30-meter global dataset built from satellite radar interferometry. These combined inputs capture water conditions, local climate, and surface morphology to support scalable monitoring of algal blooms.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Harmful algal blooms threaten drinking water, ecosystems, and public health, but are difficult to monitor at scale. This work shows how open environmental data can be combined through AI to create cost-effective, near-real-time early warning systems.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/eabc6ea5-525e-456f-b037-96dd7f84927a.png?width=1252&height=205\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 114611\">Gueterbock, Finn, Raul Santos-Rodriguez, & Jeffrey N. Clark. “Improving Local Air Quality Predictions Using Transfer Learning on Satellite Data and Graph Neural Networks.” Workshop paper at Tackling Climate Change with Machine Learning, ICLR 2025, April 23, 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.05479\">https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.05479\u003C/a> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Proposes a new way to estimate nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) pollution in cities that lack dense monitoring networks. The team used a type of machine learning called a graph neural network (GraphSAGE), which can model relationships across locations in a city. They first trained the model on London, where there are many monitoring stations, and then adapted it to Bristol, where data is sparse. The method effectively acts like a system of “virtual sensors,” improving prediction accuracy compared to standard approaches.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Combines satellite observations from the Sentinel-5P satellite, which tracks air pollutants including NO₂ and aerosol levels, with ERA5 climate reanalysis data (a global dataset that reconstructs past weather and climate) and data from a limited number of ground-based sensors. By bringing together satellite and climate data with the few existing measurements, the system produces high-resolution air quality estimates for areas where fixed sensors are lacking.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Air pollution remains one of the leading global health risks, yet monitoring networks are expensive and often concentrated in wealthier or larger cities. This study shows how advanced modeling, paired with satellite and climate data, can help fill those gaps at relatively low cost. Such approaches could support public health planning and environmental policy, especially in smaller or lower-income cities working toward cleaner air and climate resilience.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Community / Crowdsourced Data\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/e7dea81c-e974-4217-9da7-e6b00e54c810.png?width=672&height=350\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 114656\">Risley, Sarah C., Melissa L. Britsch, Joshua S. Stoll & Heather M. Leslie. “Mapping local knowledge supports science and stewardship.” Ambio, April 26, 2025.\u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-025-02170-4\"> https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-025-02170-4\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Explores how local ecological knowledge can shape scientific research and conservation in Maine’s coastal shellfishing communities.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Uses participatory mapping and interviews with harvesters and residents to capture observations of shellfish abundance, diversity, and habitat change. These community-sourced data informed new hypotheses and guided scientific site selection.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Community members often hold detailed, place-based knowledge that is invisible in conventional datasets. By integrating that knowledge with formal research, the study created stronger science, more relevant monitoring, and greater community trust—offering a model for collaborative stewardship of marine resources.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/a0f41cb2-3984-4690-b6ff-e0d39e9bc4f6.png?width=394&height=350\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 114738\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Crowell, Maddy. “Mapping the Unmapped: Can a crowdsourced map of the world help save millions of people from climate disaster?” Grist, June 11, 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://grist.org/solutions/can-a-crowdsourced-map-of-the-world-help-save-millions-of-people-from-climate-disaster/\">https://grist.org/solutions/can-a-crowdsourced-map-of-the-world-help-save-millions-of-people-from-climate-disaster/\u003C/a> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Profiles the Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team (HOT) and its local partners in St. Lucia, where volunteers are creating detailed maps of vulnerable communities that were previously invisible to official planning and disaster response.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Uses crowdsourced geographic data added to OpenStreetMap, enhanced by satellite imagery, drone surveys, and on-the-ground mapping by young volunteers. The result is fine-grained data on streets, homes, and infrastructure that commercial maps often ignore.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Accurate maps are critical for emergency planning, especially in areas threatened by hurricanes, floods, or other climate-driven disasters. By empowering local communities to generate their own datasets, HOT ensures that first responders and aid agencies can act quickly and effectively when crises strike.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/a40783c6-e4ce-44a9-a4c6-ed9f24a55ce0.png?width=803&height=350\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 115112\">Mason, Brittany M., Thomas Mesaglio, Jackson Barratt Heitmann, Mark Chandler, Shawan Chowdhury, Simon B. Z. Gorta, Florencia Grattarola, Quentin Groom, Colleen Hitchcock, Levi Hoskins, Samantha K. Lowe, Marina Marquis, Nadja Pernat, Vaughn Shirey, Shukherdorj Baasanmunkh & Corey T. Callaghan. “iNaturalist accelerates biodiversity research.” BioScience, July 28, 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biaf104\">https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biaf104\u003C/a> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Documents how iNaturalist, a global citizen science platform for biodiversity observations, has become one of the most widely used data sources in ecology research.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Builds on more than 200 million geotagged photos and audio records submitted by 3.3 million citizen scientists. Once validated, these records feed into biodiversity databases used by researchers worldwide.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Traditional ecological monitoring is costly and limited in scope. iNaturalist has enabled thousands of peer-reviewed studies, from tracking invasive species to mapping climate impacts. It demonstrates how digital participation at scale can transform ecological science and strengthen our understanding of biodiversity change.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Urban Systems, Mobility & Planning\u003C/h2>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Mobility Data\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/c7cc66a9-aa8b-4ca5-a5a9-430283539bb0.png?width=552&height=350\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 115150\">Hatfield, Charles Reuven Starobin, Anna Kustar, Marcel Reinmuth, Constant Cap, Agraw Ali Beshir, Jacqueline M. Klopp, Alexander Zipf, James Rising, & Thet Hein Tun. “Lessons in Traffic: Nairobi’s School Term Congestion and Equity Challenges.” African Transport Studies, August 1, 2025.\u003Ca href=\"https://authors.elsevier.com/sd/article/S2950-1962(25)00022-5\"> \u003C/a>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950196225000225\">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950196225000225\u003C/a> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Analyzes how Nairobi’s traffic congestion changes during the school year compared to holiday periods, and what this reveals about equity and city planning.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Draws on anonymized GPS-based road speed data from Uber Movement, covering almost all major roads in the city, to compare traffic flows across different times.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: The study shows congestion gets significantly worse during school terms—especially on secondary and tertiary roads and in wealthier neighborhoods. This suggests that school locations, transport options, and land use policies play a major role in traffic inequities, with direct implications for student wellbeing and urban planning decisions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/53a40670-ddb9-4e43-b2ac-964edabef1e9.png?width=540&height=350\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 115252\">Zhang, Jinmeng, Bi Yu Chen, Chenxi Fu, Zehao Yuan & Donggen Wang. “Uncovering horizontal and vertical inequities of individual accessibility using mobile phone data.” Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 143, June 2025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2025.104755\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Analyzes accessibility inequities in Shenzhen, China, by looking at how 2.12 million residents reach jobs, shops, and services. The study distinguishes between horizontal inequities (across individuals) and vertical inequities (those faced by vulnerable groups).\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Uses large-scale mobile phone tracking data, including call detail records, to capture how people actually move through the city, creating person-level accessibility measures instead of relying on static, area-based assumptions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Traditional planning often masks who is underserved and where. Mobile data provides a clearer picture of unequal access to opportunities and services, giving policymakers tools to design more equitable transport and land-use policies.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">AI Analysis of Diverse Data\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/c3bd9c11-b52f-409b-ae32-03d8536bd22d.png?width=984&height=205\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 115353\">Wang, Qingyi, Yuebing Liang, Yunhan Zheng, Kaiyuan Xu, Jinhua Zhao & Shenhao Wang. “Generative AI for Urban Planning: Synthesizing Satellite Imagery via Diffusion Models.” arXiv, May 13, 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.08833\">https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.08833\u003C/a> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Introduces a generative AI system that produces realistic, satellite-style images of cities based on open data about land use, infrastructure, and the environment. The tool was tested in Chicago, Dallas, and Los Angeles and evaluated by both experts and the public.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Draws on OpenStreetMap contributions and freely available satellite imagery to train the model. These sources anchor the AI-generated images in real-world conditions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: City planning is often technical and difficult for the public to engage with. This approach shows how open data combined with AI can create intuitive, “what-if” visualizations that lower barriers to participation and make planning debates more accessible.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/86e8712c-7297-4b83-9694-0481304aedf9.png?width=739&height=350\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 115436\">Ratti, Carlo. “We used AI to analyse three cities. It’s true: we now walk more quickly and socialise less.” The Guardian, August 18, 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2025/aug/18/ai-walk-more-quickly-socialise-less-public-spaces\">https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2025/aug/18/ai-walk-more-quickly-socialise-less-public-spaces\u003C/a> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Compares 1970s film footage of public spaces in New York, Boston, and Philadelphia with recent video, using AI to measure how social behavior has changed. Findings show people now walk faster, spend less time lingering, and interact less often in public.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Applies computer vision to digitized archival footage originally collected by urbanist William “Holly” Whyte, enabling fine-grained analysis of crowd movement and social interaction at a scale not possible with manual coding.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Public space is central to civic life, but its social fabric appears to be thinning. AI provides a new way to track how our use of streets, parks, and plazas evolves, offering evidence to guide urban design interventions that encourage interaction, inclusivity, and resilience.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/749404ed-9feb-4ad6-86d8-f6ccf60e533c.png?width=705&height=318\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 115603\">Pawelke, Andreas, Basma Albanna & Damiano Cerrone. “Unlock Your City’s Hidden Solutions: An AI-Powered Approach to Urban Transformation.” Medium, May 5, 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://dppd.medium.com/unlock-your-citys-hidden-solutions-f69577fd0076\">https://dppd.medium.com/unlock-your-citys-hidden-solutions-f69577fd0076\u003C/a> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Introduces the DPPD method, which looks for “positive deviants”—communities that succeed under difficult conditions—and uses these examples to inspire broader urban improvements.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Combines satellite imagery, mobile data, social media signals, and official statistics with AI analysis to detect neighborhoods that are outperforming expectations. Generative AI is then used to visualize possible interventions, which are refined through local engagement.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Instead of only focusing on failures, this approach highlights hidden successes already working within cities. Scaling these lessons can save money, reduce risk, and build trust, while giving communities a stronger role in shaping urban transformation.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Migration\u003C/h2>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Social Media / Platform Data\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/1f75bdc6-850e-4c55-9724-19a88290c5bc.png?width=1105&height=341\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 115808\">Rodríguez-Sánchez, Alejandra, & Jasper Tjaden. “Estimating Irregular Migrant Stocks Using Social Media Data and Machine Learning.” MIrreM Briefing Paper, April 7, 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14808984\">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14808984\u003C/a> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Proposes a new way to estimate the size and characteristics of irregular migrant populations, blending official migration data with insights from social media platforms.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Uses Facebook’s advertising audience data—specifically people who indicate they’ve “lived abroad”—as a stand-in for migrant presence. These data are paired with UN migration statistics and refined using machine learning (XGBoost) to estimate the share of migrants without legal status.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Reliable numbers on irregular migration are hard to come by, and official figures are often incomplete or inconsistent. This approach produces estimates for 40 major destination countries that align with known benchmarks and provides a replicable method for governments and researchers to better understand an issue that is frequently politicized but poorly measured.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/e2c3a013-1bc2-4be1-8110-6ba841867ddc.png?width=676&height=350\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 120016\">Kingsbury, Kathleen. “To Understand Global Migration, You Have to See It First.” The New York Times, April 17, 2025.\u003Ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/17/opinion/global-migration-facebook-meta-data.html\"> \u003C/a>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/04/17/opinion/global-migration-facebook-data.html#\">https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/04/17/opinion/global-migration-facebook-data.html#\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Introduces the first global, month-by-month estimates of permanent migration flows (2019–2022) using anonymized location data from Meta, covering more than 180 countries. The dataset tracks long-term moves rather than tourism or business travel.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Draws on the location history of billions of Meta users to estimate cross-border migration patterns, offering consistent, near-real-time information where official statistics are delayed or absent.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Migration is one of the most powerful forces reshaping societies, yet reliable data is scarce. This new resource reveals trends such as the surge of Latin Americans moving to the U.S., Ukrainians displaced by war, and labor flows in Asia and the Gulf. Public release of the data provides a shared evidence base for debate and policy.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Food Security & Markets\u003C/h2>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Crowdsourced / Open Data\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/0a08366b-53a8-4fe8-92a5-2f8ab9e20346.png?width=986&height=354\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 120114\">Adewopo, Julius, Bo Andree, Zacharey Carmichael, Steve Penson & Kamwoo Lee. “Real-time prices, real results: comparing crowdsourcing, AI, and traditional data collection.” World Bank Data Blog, April 30, 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://blogs.worldbank.org/en/opendata/real-time-prices--real-results--comparing-crowdsourcing--ai--and\">https://blogs.worldbank.org/en/opendata/real-time-prices--real-results--comparing-crowdsourcing--ai--and\u003C/a> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Reports on a study in northern Nigeria that tested three different ways to monitor food prices: traditional surveys, citizen submissions via mobile app, and AI-driven estimates.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Draws on more than 100,000 price entries submitted by citizens across 150 markets and combines them with AI imputation methods to fill gaps and extend coverage. These results were validated against enumerator-led surveys.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Food prices shift quickly and are critical for both households and governments. This work shows that crowdsourced and AI-generated data can complement official surveys, offering faster and more flexible tools for monitoring. Nigeria’s statistics bureau has already begun integrating these methods into a national dashboard.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/2c55694f-b2b7-4aff-ad4d-2cd3023f4e84.png?width=1018&height=205\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 120207\">Benassai-Dalmau, Robert, Vasiliki Voukelatou, Rossano Schifanella, Stefania Fiandrino, Daniela Paolotti & Kyriaki Kalimeri. “Unequal Journeys to Food Markets: Continental-Scale Evidence from Open Data in Africa.” Arxiv, May 12, 2025. \u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.07913\">https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.07913\u003C/a> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Provides the first continent-wide assessment of how easily people in Africa can reach food markets, measuring travel times, market reach, and accessibility gaps across rural and urban areas.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Draws on volunteered OpenStreetMap data, World Food Programme market datasets, WorldPop demographic estimates, and Meta’s satellite-derived wealth index. Together these sources allow for consistent, cross-country comparisons where government survey data are scarce or incomplete.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Access to markets is closely tied to food security and economic opportunity. This study reveals stark inequalities between rural and urban areas and links these gaps to wealth levels. The framework offers policymakers a scalable tool to identify underserved regions and plan interventions that can reduce food insecurity.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Information Flows for Risk and Policy\u003C/h2>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Social Media Data\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/582841d9-7ad3-4c8f-a914-16d7cff533f7.png?width=709&height=350\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 120300\">Salley, Christin, Nathan Fox & Alyssa Schubert. “Bridging the gap in flood risk communication: a comparative study of community and organizational social media posts using natural language processing.” Frontiers in Communication, May 9, 2025.\u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2025.1553746\"> https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2025.1553746\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Compares how communities and organizations communicated on social media during U.S. flood events in July–August 2022, looking at timing, content, sentiment, and emotional tone to assess whether official messaging aligned with public concerns.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Examines about 118,000 Twitter/X posts geolocated to nine flood-affected states. Using natural language processing techniques—including entity recognition, topic modeling, and sentiment and emotion analysis—the study characterizes real-time exchanges between residents and institutions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Reveals gaps between what people needed during flooding and what agencies were communicating. The authors outline five recommendations for improving two-way risk communication, underscoring how social media analysis can highlight blind spots and help officials tailor responses in fast-moving disasters.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Public Web Data\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cimg style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/2e45b777-ce80-482e-b6a8-29c2534986a7.png?width=556&height=350\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025 09 03 120636\">Schütz, Moritz, Lukas Kriesch & Sebastian Losacker. “Mapping local government priorities: a web-mining approach for regional research.” Regional Science Policy & Practice, August 7, 2025.\u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rspp.2025.100240\"> https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rspp.2025.100240\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Focus\u003C/strong>: Develops a way to track and compare local government priorities in Germany by analyzing thousands of municipal websites. The study identifies more than 200 topics, including climate protection, urban planning, and business development.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Role of Non-Traditional Data\u003C/strong>: Uses web scraping and natural language processing to turn unstructured website text into structured indicators of policy priorities. This creates a new dataset not possible through surveys or interviews alone.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Why This Matters\u003C/strong>: Local governments shape everyday life, but their priorities are often hard to measure. This study shows how digital communications can be repurposed into research data, opening up new possibilities for transparency and comparative analysis of governance strategies.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\">Reflections\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">This round of use cases underscores both the promise and the limits of non-traditional data. A few themes stand out:\u003C/p>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Applied examples exist, but research dominates\u003C/strong>. Some cases show data tied directly to policy or service delivery — like wastewater monitoring linked to CDC records. Most, however, remain academic studies or pilots. The balance suggests that translation into action and decisions is still the exception.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>NTD often fills gaps rather than replaces official data\u003C/strong>. From migration flows to local price tracking, the value lies in covering blind spots where official statistics are missing or too slow. The strongest efforts combine NTD with administrative, survey, or clinical records to make insights more robust.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Certain data types are becoming go-to tools for recurring problems\u003C/strong>. Patterns are emerging around which non-traditional data sources best fit particular analytical tasks.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"2\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Satellite data are repeatedly used for environmental monitoring. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"2\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Wastewater for surveillance of pathogens. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"2\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Facebook/Meta location data is being tapped to estimate migration flows, filling a gap official statistics struggle with. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"2\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Participatory and crowdsourced mapping efforts are proving important for making unmapped communities visible for disaster response.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ol>\n\u003C/ol>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">While many of these projects remain research-driven, the consistency of these pairings suggests a growing playbook of “fit-for-purpose” matches that practitioners can draw on.\u003C/p>\n\u003Col start=\"4\">\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Community contributions are most impactful where local value is visible\u003C/strong>. iNaturalist’s role in ecology research, participatory shellfish mapping, youth-led disaster mapping, and price reporting in Nigerian markets point to a pattern: when communities see direct value, data collection can be sustainable and scalable. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>AI methodologies, such as machine learning and natural language processing (NLP), are playing a growing role\u003C/strong> in extracting insights from both structured and especially unstructured data, such as public web data.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ol>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Taken together, these examples reinforce a lesson from past editions: non-traditional data adds the most value when it is integrated with other sources, situated in local context, designed with communities, and governed with clear rules. The opportunity now to build the simple, repeatable pathways — validation, stewardship, standardization — that let promising work become durable practice.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/monitoring-the-re-use-and-impact-of-non-traditional-data",{"title":960,"description":963},"monitoring-the-re-use-and-impact-of-non-traditional-data","blogposts/monitoring-the-re-use-and-impact-of-non-traditional-data",[972,907],"Non-Traditional Data","NdKoOKxPZrej4c-C1reRbZ8jHpmIMp5LKFNlGegop3I",{"id":975,"title":976,"author":619,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":977,"body":34,"category":349,"date":978,"description":979,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":976,"image":980,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":981,"meta":982,"navigation":15,"path":983,"registrationLink":34,"seo":984,"slug":985,"startTime":34,"stem":986,"tags":987,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":990},"blogposts/blogposts/govlab-at-the-afs-youth-assembly-takeaways-from-youth-on-digital-well-being.json","GovLab at the AFS Youth Assembly: Takeaways from Youth on Digital Well-Being",[],"2024-08-14T00:00:00","Data stewardship is evolving rapidly. Explore the key trends that will shape the future of data stewardship in the years to come.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/6d5ca377-d19e-40bb-aad9-dbe1108772a4","\u003Cdiv class=\"base-card-body\" data-v-2b85cfb6=\"\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"base-card-content\" data-v-2b85cfb6=\"\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"article-card-content | stack-l\" data-v-871cfd72=\"\">\n\u003Ch2 class=\"article-card-title\">Govlab At The Afs Youth Assembly Takeaways From Youth On Digital Well Being\u003C/h2>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">This past Sunday, The GovLab attended the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.youthassembly.org/\">AFS Youth Summit\u003C/a> in New York. The annual event allows young people from around the globe to engage and coordinate on the issues that affect them. At a time when many youth are left out of policy discussions or engaged only as an afterthought, it is a vital forum for young leaders.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">One issue that was particularly important for the attendees—which our Data Program led a discussion on—was “digital well-being”. Led by The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst and Andrew J. Zahuranec, we asked a packed room of youth to describe their experiences using digital platforms and what they saw as the biggest challenges and opportunities.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">Opening Discussion\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The event began with a short panel discussion with several youth leaders—\u003Ca href=\"https://www.nami.org/about-nami/who-we-are/meet-nami-next-gen/srihitha-dasari/\">Srihitha Dasari \u003C/a>(Project No Bounds),\u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/bayanalrehaili/\"> Bayan Alrehaili\u003C/a> (MISK Foundation), and \u003Ca href=\"https://ourfutureagenda.org/desiree-junfijiah/\">Desiree Junfijiah\u003C/a> (United Nations Foundation)—where they explained how they thought of the opportunities and challenges of the digital age. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Together, the trio described the situation they saw online. They talked about how online spaces offer “a place of community and connection” on one side and “pressure and insecurity” on the other. They talked about the ways new technologies had expanded the resources they had access to but also fears about how these same tools could undermine their identity or lead to addiction. They talked about the “digital dilemma”—the need to build spaces that help expand their potential without technology’s endless possibilities serving to hinder development. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Through all this, Stefaan offered a possible framework for breaking apart these issues. Information overload, inappropriate content, mental health stressors, unsafe content, addictive platform design, and social pressures all affect how youth engage online.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center;\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cimg src=\"https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/c04d612d-c722-40ce-934b-2d59e70f5f99.png?width=512&height=503\" alt=\"Unnamed (32)\">\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong> \u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch4 dir=\"ltr\">Group Discussions\u003C/h4>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">But this was only part of the exercise. After this discussion, attendees separated into smaller groups to explain their perspectives on these issues. What is digital well-being? What is the most important part of digital well-being? What approaches might improve how young people engage with the digital ecosystem?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The groups discussed a variety of challenges that they faced. Some talked about the difficulties in maintaining real life–online balance and a sense of “authenticity” at a time when one is expected to always be connected. Others talked about the need to ensure platforms remain a place for open dialogue without harassment or manipulative content. Still others focused on issues of digital literacy and the digital divide.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Ultimately, however, we noted three major themes emerging from the discussion:\u003C/p>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Digital well-being and mental well-being are inseparable:\u003C/strong> Young people live as much of their lives online as they do in real life. It is an extension of their real selves and, as such, their ability to navigate through digital spaces has a major impact on their ability to thrive. Participants spoke about the ways that harassment, abuse, and deceptive content undermined their well-being. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Young people are exhausted with today’s social media: \u003C/strong>Participants felt that many platforms were designed with their well-being as a secondary concern. Instead, they noted how much of social media has been designed to maximize their time and attention and how the messages they receive through it are often detrimental to their self-esteem and self-conception, if not outright unsafe. Online spaces had opened up new opportunities, but many participants urged for tech that was “more human”. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Youth have practical ideas to address these challenges: \u003C/strong>Finally, the discussion revealed just how engaged young people are on these issues. Many offered suggestions on regulation, content standards, digital literacy course design, and platform governance. There was intense interest and excitement in these issues, but all too often, that is not acted upon. \u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ol>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">***\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">This event reveals not just the interest in digital literacy among young people but the critical role that youth assemblies can play in sparking new ideas and ensuring young people are represented in decisions that affect them. We hope to continue these deliberations in the future and offer young people the space they need to engage with real policymakers.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/govlab-at-the-afs-youth-assembly-takeaways-from-youth-on-digital-well-being",{"title":976,"description":979},"govlab-at-the-afs-youth-assembly-takeaways-from-youth-on-digital-well-being","blogposts/govlab-at-the-afs-youth-assembly-takeaways-from-youth-on-digital-well-being",[988,989],"Youth Engagement","Digital Well-Being","nbGDU1rY_SOl-DVfbJAZmYbQeTzJSPFG9ilo3mpWQEs",{"id":992,"title":993,"author":895,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":994,"body":34,"category":99,"date":995,"description":996,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":993,"image":997,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":998,"meta":999,"navigation":15,"path":1000,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1001,"slug":1002,"startTime":34,"stem":1003,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1004},"blogposts/blogposts/launch-of-catalog-of-examples-on-how-open-data-and-generative-ai-intersect.json","Launch of Catalog of Examples on How Open Data and Generative AI Intersect",[],"2024-07-29T00:00:00","We are thrilled to announce the launch of our new Observatory of Examples of How Open Data and Generative Artificial Intelligence…","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*cA1PQPwBeriVZbMz","\u003Ch1 id=\"launch-first-ever-catalog-of-examples-on-how-open-data-and-generative-ai-intersect\">LAUNCH: First Ever Catalog of Examples on How Open Data and Generative AI Intersect\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>We are thrilled to announce the launch of our new Observatory of Examples of How Open Data and Generative Artificial Intelligence Intersect!\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>By: Jacob Isaacs, Hannah Chafetz, María Esther Cervantes, and Stefaan G. Verhulst\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>This blog is reposted from the Open Data Policy Lab website. See\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/new-resource-launch-first-ever-catalog-of-examples-on-how-open-data-and-generative-ai-intersect/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> \u003Cem>here\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The last few months, The Open Data Policy Lab has investigated how generative artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs) can be augmented with open data from official sources (i.e. open government and research data, and official statistics) and how to democratize access to open data using generative AI — potentially enabling a new Fourth Wave of Open Data. This resulted in the report, “\u003Ca href=\"https://www.genai.opendatapolicylab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A Fourth Wave of Open Data? Exploring the Spectrum of Scenarios for Open Data and Generative AI\u003C/a>.” The report includes five scenarios where open data and generative AI can intersect — each supported by various case studies from the field.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>This new Observatory, launched today, goes a step further by providing additional concrete examples of how each of these scenarios is being operationalized across several domains, from government services to medical research. It offers valuable insights into the many ways generative AI and open data are intersecting and the evolving landscape of AI applications across various sectors.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"what’s-in-the-observatory\">\u003Cstrong>What’s in the Observatory?\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>The Observatory features a diverse array of examples from across the globe, spanning public, private, and academic sectors. A key feature is the categorization of examples by scenario, which includes:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*cA1PQPwBeriVZbMz\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Additionally, Each entry provides key details such as:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Project name and description\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Sector and location\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Use case scenario (pretraining, adaptation, inference and insight generation, data augmentation, and open ended exploration)\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Start date\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Links to additional information (where available)\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>Researchers, policymakers, and technology innovators can use this Observatory to:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Identify emerging trends in generative AI and open data use\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Discover potential collaborators or case studies\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Understand the global landscape of generative AI initiatives\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Gain inspiration for new generative AI applications\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"how-we-curated-the-observatory\">\u003Cstrong>How We Curated the Observatory\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>We found these case studies by conducting desk research, interviews, Open Data Action Labs (or remote studios with diverse experts), and by attending several industry events. We reviewed the latest academic papers, government announcements, and technology blogs among other sources. Additionally, we included all examples from our recent report, “\u003Ca href=\"https://www.genai.opendatapolicylab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> \u003Cem>A Fourth Wave of Open Data? Exploring the Spectrum of Scenarios for Open Data and Generative AI.\u003C/em>\u003C/a>” Through these activities, we focused on projects and initiatives that specifically use generative AI techniques with open government and research data, ensuring a targeted and relevant collection.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Key Trends and Takeaways\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Public Sector Innovation:\u003C/strong> Governments worldwide are beginning to use generative AI to improve public services, from chatbots like DC Compass and Hamburg’s LLMoin to more specialized tools like France’s LLaMandement for analyzing legal bills.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Health and Biomedical Advancements:\u003C/strong> We found several initiatives (e.g. SELENA+, ChatDoctor, and Med-PaLM2) applying generative AI to improve medical research and healthcare delivery, often utilizing public health and open medical research datasets.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Multilingual and Cross-Border Initiatives:\u003C/strong> While the majority of the use cases in the Observatory are in English (which may be the result of the research team’s primary language), initiatives focused on using generative AI tools for non-English languages such as CroissantLLM and TitiBot are emerging.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Environmental and Geospatial Applications:\u003C/strong> We identified examples of generative AI for mapping and earth observation such as NASA’s Harmonized Landsat and Sentinel-2 (HLS) and Clay.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Synthetic Data Generation:\u003C/strong> Several initiatives, including those by Statistics Canada and Australian researchers, are exploring the use of synthetic data to generate data for AI training while protecting privacy.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ol>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"explore-and-contribute-to-the-observatory\">\u003Cstrong>Explore and Contribute to the Observatory\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>Whether you’re a researcher, policymaker, or simply curious about the latest generative AI innovations, our collection offers valuable insights into this rapidly evolving field.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Click \u003Ca href=\"https://repository.opendatapolicylab.org/genai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003C/a> to access the full database. We encourage you to share your thoughts, suggest additional projects, or reach out if you’d like to collaborate on further research in this area.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The Observatory will be continuously updated as new developments arise. If you notice any use cases not listed or have suggestions for improvements, please contact us at datastewards@thegovlab.org.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/launch-of-catalog-of-examples-on-how-open-data-and-generative-ai-intersect",{"title":993,"description":996},"launch-of-catalog-of-examples-on-how-open-data-and-generative-ai-intersect","blogposts/launch-of-catalog-of-examples-on-how-open-data-and-generative-ai-intersect","cKE9HLfWaU2mPkJwN4IweiC0Bl5n6jTGcJW0JuNFwO8",{"id":1006,"title":1007,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1008,"body":34,"category":349,"date":1009,"description":1010,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1007,"image":1011,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1012,"meta":1013,"navigation":15,"path":1014,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1015,"slug":1016,"startTime":34,"stem":1017,"tags":1018,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1019},"blogposts/blogposts/announcement-third-annual-state-of-open-data-policy-summit.json","Announcement: Third Annual State of Open Data Policy Summit",[],"2024-05-14T19:52:48","Are we entering a Data Winter or a New Wave of Open Data?","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/b53f5d90-dc52-41c2-b7fe-c18526bbfff2","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch2 id=\"0b9e\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Announcement: Third Annual State of Open Data Policy Summit\u003C/h2>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"e630\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--h3-em\">Are we entering a Data Winter or a New Wave of Open Data?\u003C/em>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"c5ec\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This piece was originally posted on the Open Data Policy Lab site \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/event-announcement-third-annual-state-of-open-data-policy-summit/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/event-announcement-third-annual-state-of-open-data-policy-summit/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"25cd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In an era where data drives decision-making, access to data has never been more critical to promote the public interest. However, in recent years, opening access to data has proven increasingly challenging. Much of the funding and interest in policymaking has instead focused on artificial intelligence while data assets that could be leveraged for the common good have become frozen.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0590\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In this environment, new questions arise: Are we entering a data winter? What new models might keep data open? How do we ensure that AI and open data are complementary and promote the public interest?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"022f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To address these questions, we are thrilled to announce this year’s \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/third-annual-state-of-open-data-policy-summit-tickets-906285222497\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/third-annual-state-of-open-data-policy-summit-tickets-906285222497\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Summit on the State of Open Data Policy\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>, which will explore the crucial question of whether we are entering a “data winter” of reduced funding and interest in open data or embarking on a new wave of open data innovation fueled by AI tools.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"54a2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Indeed, this year’s summit comes at a key time when the momentum for opening up data appears to be waning while Artificial Intelligence takes center stage in the data policy landscape.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"540a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The focus will be on whether we are experiencing a backsliding in providing access to data and whether generative AI could potentially democratize data access, provided there is a concerted effort to make open data be AI-ready.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6b35\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Through a series of two panels and interactive discussions, the summit will examine these topics along with emerging trends, key developments, and burgeoning opportunities in the policy arena of open data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"04c9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The State of Open Data Policy Summit is the only annual event that brings together thought leaders, policymakers, and practitioners to discuss and strategize on how open data policy can continue to fuel innovation and societal progress in the age of AI-driven technologies.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"75ee\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Register for the event \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/third-annual-state-of-open-data-policy-summit-tickets-906285222497\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/third-annual-state-of-open-data-policy-summit-tickets-906285222497\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">here\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> on Eventbrite. If you have any trouble registering, please reach out to us at \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\">datastewards@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/announcement-third-annual-state-of-open-data-policy-summit",{"title":1007,"description":1010},"announcement-third-annual-state-of-open-data-policy-summit","blogposts/announcement-third-annual-state-of-open-data-policy-summit",[349],"WEeXgu1hFsdD-mS7nrA3LbEb8neMEf89yF0p3FEjSRg",{"id":1021,"title":1022,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1023,"body":34,"category":99,"date":1024,"description":1025,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1022,"image":1026,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1027,"meta":1028,"navigation":15,"path":1029,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1030,"slug":1031,"startTime":34,"stem":1032,"tags":1033,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1035},"blogposts/blogposts/civic-trust-whats-in-a-concept.json","Civic Trust: Whats In A Concept?",[],"2024-02-29T14:39:35","We will only be able to improve civic trust once we know how to measure it.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/aeb340a0-dbd9-41e8-90ca-feb6c007eb7c","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"1389\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Civic Trust: What’s In A Concept?\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"ee5c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">We will only be able to improve civic trust once we know how to measure it.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1c1e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">BY: Stefaan Verhulst, Andrew J. Zahuranec, Oscar Romero and Kim Ochilo\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5029\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Recently, there’s been a noticeable decline in trust toward institutions across different sectors of society. This is a serious issue, as evidenced by surveys including the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.edelman.com/trust/2024/trust-barometer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.edelman.com/trust/2024/trust-barometer\">Edelman Trust Barometer\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://news.gallup.com/poll/355124/americans-trust-government-remains-low.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://news.gallup.com/poll/355124/americans-trust-government-remains-low.aspx\">Gallup\u003C/a>, and \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2023/09/19/how-americans-view-congress-the-president-state-and-local-political-leaders/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2023/09/19/how-americans-view-congress-the-president-state-and-local-political-leaders/\">Pew Research\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a6cb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Diminishing trust presents substantial obstacles. It threatens to weaken the foundation of a pluralistic democracy, adversely affects public health, and hinders the collaboration needed to tackle worldwide challenges such as climate change. Trust forms the cornerstone of democratic social contracts and is crucial for maintaining the civic agreements essential for the prosperity and cohesion of communities, cities, and countries alike.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1bdd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Yet to increase civic trust, we need to know what we mean by it and how to measure it, which turns out to be a challenging exercise. Toward that end, The GovLab at New York University and the New York Civic Engagement Commission joined forces to catalog and identify methodologies to quantify and understand the nuances of civic trust.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8194\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Trust is the cornerstone of a healthy democracy,” said Sarah Sayeed, Chair and Executive Director of the Civic Engagement Commission. “It is crucial for government to re-imagine and revitalize civic engagement so that it deepens relationships and strengthens trust with communities.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c07e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This blog delves into various strategies for developing metrics to measure civic trust, informed by our own desk research, which categorizes civic trust metrics into descriptive, diagnostic, and evaluative measures.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1c7c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Importance of Measuring Civic Trust\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b098\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Measuring civic trust is essential for diagnosing the health of our civic institutions, which entails understanding the dynamics between the public and those institutions. Without clear metrics, efforts to enhance civic engagement and trust can be like navigating without a compass, lacking direction and the ability to evaluate effectiveness. One can wind up in a new location without any understanding of why or how they got there. Other reasons why it is important to develop metrics include:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"0b33\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Diagnosing Problems\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: By quantifying civic trust, we can identify specific areas within institutions or community relations that are failing. This diagnostic capability allows for targeted interventions rather than broad, unfocused efforts that may not address the root causes of distrust.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"45a1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Benchmarking and Tracking Progress\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: Establishing baseline measurements of civic trust enables governments, organizations, and communities to benchmark their current levels of trust. Over time, these metrics can track the effectiveness of policies, programs, and initiatives designed to build or restore trust.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"f452\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Facilitating Comparison\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: Metrics allow for comparisons across different jurisdictions, communities, or time periods. Understanding how civic trust varies can shed light on the impact of local governance models, community engagement strategies, and social cohesion on trust levels.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"65c1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Informing Policy and Decision-Making\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: Quantitative data on civic trust can inform policymakers and civic leaders about the need for policy adjustments or new initiatives. It can help prioritize resources towards areas where trust is lowest or where small improvements could yield significant benefits.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"f221\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Enhancing Transparency and Accountability:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> By making metrics of civic trust publicly available, institutions can enhance their transparency, showing a commitment to accountability and continuous improvement. This openness can, in itself, contribute to building trust.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"e479\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Developing Metrics for Civic Trust\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"fbc4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To construct meaningful metrics, it’s essential to consider various dimensions of civic trust, including descriptive, diagnostic, and evaluative measures.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"71ca\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This categorization was the result of research conducted by The GovLab that included an extensive review of existing literature on civic trust, examining how experts explained, measured, and studied the issue, the ways officials in government and civil society have sought to cultivate civic trust, and the various components that appeared frequently in conference programs, academic journals, books, and other scholarly publications. The result of this research, a topic map, was subsequently reviewed and validated by the New York City Civic Engagement Commission and their partners, ensuring that the description of “civic trust” matched their own understanding.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ccc2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">While these categories are not comprehensive and do not represent the totality of decades of research, they do offer a series of possible leads that might be deepened and expanded with the input of experts and constituencies across New York.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"9895\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Descriptive Metrics: Understanding the Current State of Civic Trust\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b0d2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Descriptive metrics serve as the starting point for assessing the current state of civic trust, focusing on measuring baseline indicators of, for instance, the confidence that individuals have in the institutions, systems, and processes that govern their lives.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"56b5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">These metrics encompass:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"8ee9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Institutional Trust: This involves, for instance, evaluating public attitudes towards key institutions such as government bodies, political parties, media, academia, the criminal justice system, businesses, and labor organizations. It seeks to measure how much faith people have in these entities to make decisions that impact their lives and communities.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"fe37\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Responsiveness and Fairness: Assessing the perceived effectiveness of institutions in addressing public needs and ensuring equitable treatment without discrimination is crucial. This includes evaluating the accountability of institutions and their officials, and the legitimacy with which they are viewed by the public.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"20b5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Procedural Trust: This metric looks at the trust placed in the processes and structures designed to achieve specific outcomes, such as electoral systems or judicial proceedings, ensuring they function effectively and justly.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"3c45\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Diagnostic Metrics: Identifying Drivers of Civic Trust\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2497\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Diagnostic metrics aim to uncover the underlying factors influencing the current state of civic trust, offering insights into both individual and societal characteristics, as well as institutional operations:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"5adc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Individual and Societal Characteristics: These metrics examine aspects such as interpersonal trust, economic well-being, societal polarization, and risk perception. They seek to understand how personal experiences and societal dynamics influence trust in civic institutions.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"42f9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Institutional Operations: Evaluating how institutions function, including the reliability and competence of public services and the openness and transparency of institutional processes, provides insights into the operational drivers of trust or distrust.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"099d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Evaluative Metrics: Measuring the Impact of Civic Trust\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f184\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Evaluative metrics focus on the outcomes and behaviors that stem from varying levels of civic trust, reflecting how civic trust impacts individual and collective engagement with civic systems:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"393e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Social and Political Participation: This includes measuring the extent to which individuals engage with their community and political processes. High levels of institutional trust are often correlated with increased participation in official channels like elections, whereas low trust may lead to greater reliance on non-institutional forms of expression such as protests.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"8b8e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Community Integration: Assessing the degree to which individuals are integrated into their communities through personal ties and how they adhere to community norms and rules offers a perspective on the social dimensions of civic trust.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"ed90\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Adopting a Participatory Approach toward Validating and Refining the Framework\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"fd54\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Adopting a framework to measure civic trust is not without its challenges. Key considerations include ensuring the inclusivity and representativeness of the metrics, the adaptability of the framework to different contexts, and the methodologies used to gather and interpret data. Engaging with a broad spectrum of stakeholders from various sectors and communities is essential to refining and validating the proposed metrics, ensuring they accurately capture the multifaceted nature of civic trust. Over the next few weeks, we will hold several meetings with New York City government, community representatives, and experts to understand how we might improve this current framework.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"4439\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In all this work, our goal remains to help New York City more meaningfully improve trust and how it engages with residents throughout all five boroughs.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6cd5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Conclusion\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0ff9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Developing robust metrics to measure civic trust is complex but crucial to addressing the trust deficit facing institutions today. By categorizing possible metrics into descriptive, diagnostic, and evaluative measures, the proposed framework offers a comprehensive approach to understanding and enhancing civic trust. As this framework is refined and implemented, it seeks to provide actionable insights for policymakers, civic leaders, and communities to rebuild trust and strengthen the fabric of our democratic societies.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/civic-trust-whats-in-a-concept",{"title":1022,"description":1025},"civic-trust-whats-in-a-concept","blogposts/civic-trust-whats-in-a-concept",[99,1034,677],"civic trust","fQQF43qAdkjl_79nbYuIXk-uBnbBGSpOSdc-AZKQ0WI",{"id":1037,"title":1038,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1039,"body":34,"category":349,"date":1040,"description":1041,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1038,"image":1042,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1043,"meta":1044,"navigation":15,"path":1045,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1046,"slug":1047,"startTime":34,"stem":1048,"tags":1049,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1051},"blogposts/blogposts/event-guardrails-guiding-human-decisions-in-the-age-of-artificial-intelligence.json","EVENT: Guardrails: Guiding Human Decisions in the Age of Artificial Intelligence",[],"2024-02-14T14:22:08","Join us for a book talk with Urs Gasser as he delves into his latest work, “Guardrails.”","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*khSNeW67lSdVBZQ_","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"476d\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">EVENT: Guardrails: Guiding Human Decisions in the Age of Artificial Intelligence\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"d4cc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">8 March 2024\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f1ce\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">4.00–6.00 PM EST\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"74e8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">New York University\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1b40\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">708 Broadway (Global Public Health School).\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2a42\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The event is co-hosted by \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://thegovlab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.org/\">The GovLab\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/research-innovation/centers/cusp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/research-innovation/centers/cusp\">The Center for Urban Science + Progress\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/research-innovation/centers/center-responsible-ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/research-innovation/centers/center-responsible-ai\">The Center for Responsible AI\u003C/a> and the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://wp.nyu.edu/centerforbioethics/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://wp.nyu.edu/centerforbioethics/\">NYU Center for Bioethics\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3952\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Speaker: \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.professoren.tum.de/en/gasser-urs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.professoren.tum.de/en/gasser-urs\">Urs Gasser,\u003C/a> Professor of Public Policy, Governance, and Innovative Technology at the Technical University of Munich, where he serves as Dean of the TUM School of Social Sciences and Technology and Rector of the Munich School of Politics and Public Policy. (see bio below).\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"fb70\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Moderator: \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/stefaan-verhulst/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/stefaan-verhulst/\">Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/a>, Co-Founder, The GovLab\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7f74\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Respondent: \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/faculty/julia-stoyanovich\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/faculty/julia-stoyanovich\">Julia Stoyanovich\u003C/a>, Director of the Center for Responsible AI.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"14dd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Join us \u003C/strong>for a book talk with Urs Gasser as he delves into his latest work, “\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://guardrails.design/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://guardrails.design/\">Guardrails\u003C/a>.” In this talk, Gasser will explore the ways in which societal norms shape our decision-making processes in an era saturated with data and dominated by rapidly advancing technologies like artificial intelligence.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"c93e\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*khSNeW67lSdVBZQ_\" data-image-id=\"0*khSNeW67lSdVBZQ_\" data-width=\"343\" data-height=\"512\" data-is-featured=\"true\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"6daf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Drawing from a deep foundation in cognitive science, economics, and public policy, “\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://guardrails.design/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://guardrails.design/\">Guardrails\u003C/a>” presents an innovative approach for enhancing decision-making by acknowledging human agency within its societal context.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a816\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Gasser, alongside co-author Viktor Mayer-Schönberger, focuses on how to steer the adoption of technological solutions that may lead to unintended consequences. They advocate for societal “guardrails” that are more apt for the digital age — ones that bolster individual autonomy while considering collective welfare, promote adaptability amidst evolving scenarios, and guide us towards more informed choices as we confront formidable global challenges such as injustice and climate change.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7504\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This talk is a must-attend for anyone interested in a critical examination of the role of technology in decision-making and how to adopt a more human-centric approach to creating a fairer and more equitable world.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"91f3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The talk will open with a presentation by Urs Gasser, followed by a conversation moderated by Stefaan Verhulst and Julia Stoyanovich. It will close with Q&A and a brief mingling and networking session.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"eee6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">➡️ RSVP by confirming your attendance by completing the form \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://forms.gle/XzLaVmo2qSnDacvP6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://forms.gle/XzLaVmo2qSnDacvP6\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c4e1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">About Urs Gasser\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"9c49\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.professoren.tum.de/en/gasser-urs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.professoren.tum.de/en/gasser-urs\">Prof. Dr. Urs Gasser \u003C/a>is Professor of Public Policy, Governance, and Innovative Technology at the Technical University of Munich, where he serves as Dean of the TUM School of Social Sciences and Technology and Rector of the Munich School of Politics and Public Policy. Before his appointments in Munich, Urs was Professor of Practice at Harvard Law School and from 2009–2021 Executive Director of the Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society, where he remains a member of the board of directors.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2425\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">About \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Guardrails\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8e4b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As we progress in the digital age, the locus of power and thus our focus of regulation changes. It used to be the network: Who has what kind of connectivity, who controls the network’s bottlenecks including the ability to store and process information, which interactions will the network allow to take place, and which will it retard, reduce, and restrict? What virtual spaces and platforms would emerge, and how would they exercise and project power? More recently, our focus turned to data: Who can collect and utilize data? What patterns do massive amounts of data reveal that smaller sets hide, and who gets to see these insights? What will machines learn from data? Accordingly, data governance and the geopolitics of information have become hot topics.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3aff\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In contrast, in \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Guardrails\u003C/em>, the authors suggest that in the age of AI, a focus on data is mistaken, or at least dangerously incomplete. Because AI’s real promise isn’t better access to insights; it is improved decisions. The more we realize humans’ cognitive flaws and experience the power of data-driven machine learning, the more we are tempted to delegate decision agency to the machine. What we need to focus on is no longer network governance, nor data governance, it’s decision governance. And for this focus, we are conceptually ill prepared. To jump-start the discussion, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Guardrails\u003C/em> puts forward four design principles for decision governance and suggest that the real innovation we need to make it happen is less technical than social.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"4301\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Learn more at: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://guardrails.design/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://guardrails.design/\">https://guardrails.design/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/event-guardrails-guiding-human-decisions-in-the-age-of-artificial-intelligence",{"title":1038,"description":1041},"event-guardrails-guiding-human-decisions-in-the-age-of-artificial-intelligence","blogposts/event-guardrails-guiding-human-decisions-in-the-age-of-artificial-intelligence",[349,1050],"book launch","MDeFK6ccHT4lPfFSjnSnDRtxvvILQm5-vh0Wr0K7I8c",{"id":1053,"title":1054,"author":1055,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1056,"body":34,"category":99,"date":1057,"description":1058,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1054,"image":1059,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1060,"meta":1061,"navigation":15,"path":1062,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1063,"slug":1064,"startTime":34,"stem":1065,"tags":1066,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1067},"blogposts/blogposts/unlocking-data-flows-through-data-collaboratives.json","Unlocking Data Flows Through Data Collaboratives","Natalia González Alarcón",[],"2023-11-17T00:00:00","The rise of datafication — the transformation of daily life into data for use by both public and private sectors — is happening…","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/00200fa4-3d8b-47f0-afed-b8eb569c3b54","\u003Ch2 id=\"unlocking-data-flows-through-data-collaboratives-1\">\u003Cstrong>Unlocking Data Flows Through Data Collaboratives\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"practical-guide-for-data-collaboratives\">\u003Cstrong>Practical Guide for Data Collaboratives\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>By: Natalia González Alarcón & Stefaan G. Verhulst\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The rise of datafication — the transformation of daily life into data for use by both public and private sectors — is happening. Data’s rapid generation across various sectors offers immense opportunities for its application. However, maximizing this potential requires establishing an inclusive data access ecosystem involving all relevant parties and embedding proactive and ethical data management strategies from the start.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Facilitating access to data across different sectors can reveal new, perhaps unrecognized, data value. This potential is particularly evident in data (re)use scenarios, where data collected for one purpose is anonymized, aggregated, and then repurposed for new projects.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>On October 11th, 2023, we launched the practical guide to design Data Collaboratives that we jointly developed with the Inter-American Development Bank: “\u003Ca href=\"https://publications.iadb.org/en/facilitating-data-flows-through-data-collaboratives-practical-guide-designing-valuable-accessible\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Facilitating Data Flows through Data Collaboratives: A Practical Guide to Designing Valuable, Accessible, and Responsible Data Collaboratives\u003C/a>”. The event started with the presentation of the guide by \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/stefaan-verhulst\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/a>, Co-Founder and Chief Research, The GovLab. The guide’s presentation was followed by a panel conversation with leaders and experienced data collaborators: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.weforum.org/people/diana-rodriguez-franco\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Diana Rodríguez\u003C/a>, Women’s Secretary at the Mayor’s Office of Bogotá, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/alberto-palomo/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Alberto Palomo\u003C/a>, Chief Data Officer at the Oficina del Dato, State Secretariat for Digitalization and Artificial Intelligence of Spain, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/iamfrasermacdonald/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fraser Macdonald\u003C/a>, Deputy Director of Data for Children Collaborative at Edinburgh Futures Institute, and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/julia-vieira-de-andrade-dias-45162924/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Julia Dias\u003C/a>, Data Partnership Manager at the Inter-American Development Bank. They shared specific experiences of data collaboration they are leading from different sectors and some references to specific elements that the guide offers.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Stefaan explained how the guide intends to facilitate data exchanges through data collaboratives. The guide acknowledges that digitalization has led to “datification” creating vast amount of data from every digital interaction –the growth in data volume and variety, including non-traditional data from cell phones, mobility, retail, among others that could enhance societal insights. The guide aims to tackle the dual challenge of preventing data misuse while ensuring the reuse of data, by presenting data collaboratives as vehicles for managing data openness and accelerating data flows. There are different types of collaboratives, from public data interfaces to intelligence generation without actual data transfer.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Stefaan outlined the fundamental building blocks that can enable countries, cities and organizations to become more ready as it relates to unlocking data flows through data collaboratives. The approach advocates for an enabling environment and sequential steps for establishing concrete data partnerships. First, the guide provides seven recommendations for decision-makers at government and policy levels:\u003C/p>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli>Define underlying values and principles to build impactful collaborations\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Create regulatory or legal frameworks to foster innovation\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Build data stewardship capabilities to steer data collaboration\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Invest in data infrastructure and standards capacities\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Establish a widespread data culture through leadership\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Consider governance processes to build systems rather than solutions\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Guarantee legitimacy through social license\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ol>\n\u003Cp>Second, it outlines five steps for practitioners for establishing a data collaborative:\u003C/p>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli>Define the need to address a problem\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Define the supply of data needed\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Define the value proposition behind data access and re-use\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Match demand and supply\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Design an M&E framework to measure impact\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ol>\n\u003Cp>Regarding the recommendations and operational steps, the panel refers back to many of them but especially to the importance of creating regulatory or legal frameworks, the need to consider governance processes rather than solutions, the critical role of establishing a widespread data culture, and the importance of well-defining the problem to solve.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Alberto Palomo, Chief Data Officer at the Oficina del Dato of Spain, highlighted the importance of having regulatory frameworks and provided a governance approach when considering data collaboration schemes.\u003C/strong> He talked about the European data strategy and how Spain is putting it into practice by implementing an instrument of data spaces. He described the governance framework established by Spain’s National Data Office, designed to standardize data management across sectors. This framework aims to unify data handling in public administration and private industry, fostering value creation from data. The ultimate goal is to facilitate economic and industrial transformation by building collaborative bridges for data utilization. Alberto stated that the National Data Office is trying to build sovereign federated data ecosystems that could create a sense of community, facilitate communications, interconnect data domains, and foster transparency and trust among the different stakeholders to create social and economic value. Underneath there is the idea of data spaces, which creates ecosystems of data that are not just data sets but data services, that are not a physical infrastructure but a network of people connecting.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Alberto outlined the three-tiered governance structure for data spaces and noted the overarching regulatory layer defined by recently passed laws, such as the EU data legislation. From the top, the layers comprise the EU and international bodies, followed by national member state policies and instances, and finally, the individual data space or project level. He emphasized that “the governance model aims to provide common rules for people and organizations to run projects in a way that it’s interconnected”. The debate in Europe centers on whether a top-down or bottom-up approach is most effective. Alberto argued that “you need to combine both because the European laws have been generated but the European laws are not going to create any projects. The projects are created by the data space initiatives. So, the critical factor is defining a governance model that effectively enables data sharing among stakeholders.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Fraser Macdonald, Deputy Director of Data for Children Collaborative, underscored the critical role of partnerships and having a systemic approach to governance processes rather than only designing by-demand solutions.\u003C/strong> Data for Children Collaborative is an initiative created from a collaboration between the Scottish Government, UNICEF and Edinburgh University that is focusing on how to harness data in boosting child welfare outcomes. Central to the Collaborative’s approach is fostering robust partnerships to leverage data in delivering tangible results. Data for Children Collaborative aims to create the good conditions for combining data and expertise, by building a systematic methodology that enhances cooperation among academia, the private sector, and public and third sectors. This approach started, as the guide suggests, by defining the problem and collaborating with varied partners to pinpoint thematic needs. This collective intelligence is crucial for addressing complex challenges affecting children that require data driven solutions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>To illustrate the process and the role of partnerships, Fraser shared insights about a collaboration with UNICEF tackling the disproportionate effects of climate change on children. Lacking the necessary in-house expertise to analyze extensive climate data, UNICEF sought to combine data on hazards and vulnerability to create a climate risk index for children. By convening a multidisciplinary team from various universities and the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, they produced an index that not only provides evidence but also supports global advocacy efforts for change. Fraser encapsulated the essence of the Collaborative’s work: “data for children is about the value of collaboration”. It’s not just about the collective endeavor but also about understanding the mutual benefits such partnerships bring.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Julia Dias, Data Partnership Manager at the Inter-American Development Bank, highlighted the value of establishing a widespread data culture and shared a specific example of a Data Collaborative.\u003C/strong> Her role oversees a consortium amongst international and development organizations that aims to unlock access to tech companies’ proprietary data for development efforts. The overarching goal is to provide strategic \u003Ca href=\"https://datapartnership.org/updates/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">data goods\u003C/a> for countries we support and aid governments in crafting and executing more effective policies, leveraging high-quality data. The consortium’s model is built on the willingness of tech companies to share their data free of charge, with the aim of lowering the transaction costs associated with this data sharing. This model benefits companies by simplifying the process, encouraging them to contribute their data for societal purposes.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>A key feature of the consortium is its unified approach. It operates on a common data agreement among all participating development organizations, providing a single marketplace and a shared data governance framework. This creates a streamlined platform where all partners can view and access available datasets. Organizations within the consortium can then explore these datasets, formulate proposals detailing the specific problems they aim to tackle, and explain how they intend to use the data for these purposes. Julia emphasizes that having a common governance framework facilitates the private companies to share their proprietary data for development. This, in turn, provides governments with critical insights, often beyond their usual reach, thereby enabling better-informed decision-making.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Regarding the most operational approach the guide offers, Diana Rodríguez, Women’s Secretary at the Mayor’s Office of Bogotá, shared the process she is leading to build a data collaborative that integrates gender, care, and mobility\u003C/strong>. This project is part of the broader Care Blocks initiative, which establishes zones in the city dedicated to supporting caregivers and their families. These zones provide essential services that caregivers often forgo due to their care burden. They include educational opportunities, health and wellness activities, technological training, and access to psychological and legal assistance. Additionally, the initiative offers the needs of care receivers, offering care services for children, individuals with disabilities, and the elderly. It also conducts workshops to foster cultural change among men and their families. Although the Care Blocks offer their services in one area to facilitate access, Diana emphasized the importance of understanding access dynamics to the Care Blocks in Bogotá that became the priority for Bogota: How are people accessing Care Blocks? Can we improve access? The priority is to determine the factors influencing access to these services. To address this, Bogotá has adopted a data-driven strategy comprising three phases. The first phase involves identifying the core problem and formulating pertinent questions, followed by defining the required data to provide answers. In the second phase, lab sessions with diverse stakeholders and data users were conducted to explore available data sources and devise strategies for accessing and leveraging them. The third phase implemented pilot actions for data integration and collection. Notably, the Secretary has initiated a data collection pilot with both users and non-users in collaboration with the Bogotá Innovation Lab (iBO). This aims to gain insights into who is using the Care Blocks and how they are accessing them.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Diana underscored that “the potential of data collaboratives is that it gets everybody at the table and forces us to think outside the box by bringing in new ideas and questions and new data sources, colleagues, and partners. And at the same time, it’s a good practice to start implementing things to test if what you’re coming up with in the data collaborative is applicable and will indeed happen.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In conclusion, the rise of datafication and the corresponding surge in data generation across various sectors indicate a new era of opportunity and challenge. The “Practical Guide to Designing Valuable, Accessible, and Responsible Data Collaboratives”, jointly developed with the Inter-American Development Bank, serves as a crucial tool in navigating this landscape. It offers a roadmap for establishing data collaboratives that prioritize responsible data management, governance approaches, and proactive strategies. The insights shared by leaders in data collaboration during the panel discussion underscore the importance of these recommendations. Their experiences highlight the need of fostering an ecosystem where data is not only accessible but also responsibly managed and effectively utilized for societal purposes. The guide’s recommendations for decision-makers and practitioners provide a practical framework for harnessing the power of data collaboratives, ensuring that the wealth of data available today is translated into tangible societal benefits.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>This guide was presented as part of the \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1Rd0A_dBA7m994s-okt8QluUfywiM1yWP/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=110007471935308821911&rtpof=true&sd=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">AbreLatam ConDatos\u003C/a> Conference in Montevideo, Uruguay, and at the \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1XxJaptn1UkIp9vtmb5g9d6dke3MyVpR6vPOJIwCOdAA/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Festival de Datos\u003C/a> in Punta del Este, Uruguay.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>To learn more about the guide, please visit the publication \u003Ca href=\"https://publications.iadb.org/en/facilitating-data-flows-through-data-collaboratives-practical-guide-designing-valuable-accessible\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/unlocking-data-flows-through-data-collaboratives",{"title":1054,"description":1058},"unlocking-data-flows-through-data-collaboratives","blogposts/unlocking-data-flows-through-data-collaboratives",[99],"xYsBNbMq26dwUeKKvYC3KPCDPd3sQnGNmltB2zS0Zaw",{"id":1069,"title":1070,"author":1071,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1072,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1073,"description":1074,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1070,"image":1075,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1076,"meta":1077,"navigation":15,"path":1078,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1079,"slug":1080,"startTime":34,"stem":1081,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1082},"blogposts/blogposts/new-tools-to-guide-data-sharing-agreements.json","New Tools to Guide Data Sharing Agreements","A Zahuranec",[],"2023-11-08T00:00:00","After hosting a series of workshops on data sharing agreements, the Open Data Policy Lab releases three resources to help data…","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*SirkHdQCb7fqogZD","\u003Ch1 id=\"new-tools-to-guide-data-sharing-agreements\">New Tools to Guide Data Sharing Agreements\u003C/h1> \u003Cp>\u003Cem>This piece by Andrew J. Zahuranec, Stefaan Verhulst, and Hannah Chafetz was originally published on the Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/new-publication-new-tools-to-guide-data-sharing-agreements/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"> \u003Cem>blog site\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>.\u003C/em>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*SirkHdQCb7fqogZD\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Image by \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/woman-signing-on-white-printer-paper-beside-woman-about-to-touch-the-documents-HJckKnwCXxQ\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Gabrielle Henderson\u003C/a>/Unsplash is licensed under CC0.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The process of forming a data-sharing agreement is not easy. The process involves figuring out incentives, evaluating the degree to which others are willing and able to collaborate, and defining the specific conduct that is and is not allowed. Even under the best of circumstances, these steps can be costly and time-consuming.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Today, the Open Data Policy Lab took a step to help data practitioners control these costs. \u003Cstrong>“\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.dsa.opendatapolicylab.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong>Moving from Idea to Practice: Three Resources to Streamline the Creation of Data Sharing Agreements\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong>”\u003C/strong> provides data practitioners with three resources meant to support them throughout the process of developing an agreement. These include:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>A Guide to Principled Data Sharing Agreement Negotiation by Design\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> : A document outlining the different principles that a data practitioner might seek to uphold while negotiating an agreement;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>The Contractual Wheel of Data Collaboration 2.0:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> A listing of the different kinds of data sharing agreement provisions that a data practitioner might include in an agreement;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>A Readiness Matrix for Data Sharing Agreements:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> A form to evaluate the degree to which a partner can participate in a data-sharing agreement.\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>The resources are a result of a series of Open Data Action Labs, an initiative from the Open Data Policy Lab to define new strategies and tools that can help organizations resolve policy challenges they face. The Action Labs are built around a series of workshops (called “studios”) which given experts and stakeholders an opportunity to define the problems facing them and then ideate possible solutions in a collaborative setting. In February and March 2023, the Open Data Policy Lab and Trust Relay co-hosted conversations with experts in law, data, and smart cities on the challenge of forming a data sharing agreement.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Find all the resources \u003Ca href=\"https://www.dsa.opendatapolicylab.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>. We invite you to download these documents and use them for your organization. If you have any questions or feedback or would like to share how this guide helped you, please contact us at \u003Ca href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">datastewards@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/new-tools-to-guide-data-sharing-agreements",{"title":1070,"description":1074},"new-tools-to-guide-data-sharing-agreements","blogposts/new-tools-to-guide-data-sharing-agreements","QY5wQsR2oUndBhgV8sMyZAWyuK6-c0DFktwJWImJQEo",{"id":1084,"title":1085,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1086,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1087,"description":1088,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1085,"image":1089,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1090,"meta":1091,"navigation":15,"path":1092,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1093,"slug":1094,"startTime":34,"stem":1095,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1096},"blogposts/blogposts/advancing-technology-for-peace.json","Advancing Technology for Peace",[],"2023-10-10T13:54:09","Reflecting on the 2023 Kluz Prize for PeaceTech Award Ceremony","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*dmon7Y7K4HMf2Yt_khKLXQ.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"9567\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"cafc\" id=\"cafc\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Advancing Technology for Peace\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"4f49\" id=\"4f49\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Reflecting on the 2023 Kluz Prize for PeaceTech Award Ceremony\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3144\" id=\"3144\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">By: Natalia González Alarcón, Sampriti Saxena, Andrew J. Zahuranec, & Stefaan G. Verhulst\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bed6\" id=\"bed6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">On September 20th, the day before the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.un.org/en/observances/international-day-peace\" data-href=\"https://www.un.org/en/observances/international-day-peace\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">International Day of Peace\u003C/a>, Kluz Ventures, with support from The GovLab, hosted the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">2023 Kluz Prize for PeaceTech\u003C/a> award ceremony. Through awards, speeches, and a panel discussion, we recognized advances and achievements in the PeaceTech ecosystem.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0148\" id=\"0148\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Our key takeaways included:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"b461\" id=\"b461\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">The urgent need for PeaceTech:\u003C/em> In an era marked by escalating conflicts, the quest for lasting peace has never been more pressing. The event highlighted the transformative potential of technology not just as a tool for peace but as a catalyst for social, and human well-being.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e34f\" id=\"e34f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Humanity at the core: \u003C/em>Amidst fears of a tech-dominated future, many speakers emphasized that it is crucial to remember that technology’s true purpose is to amplify human values.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f647\" id=\"f647\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Diversity in applications:\u003C/em> The role of technology in peacebuilding is diverse and global. Panelists discussed real-world applications of technology in peace initiatives, from the Magnolia Foundation’s holistic peace approach in Colombia to Microsoft’s AI for Good Lab’s contributions.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1134\" id=\"1134\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Celebrating achievements:\u003C/em> The ceremony recognized and honored innovators in the PeaceTech space. Commit Global took home the 2023 Kluz Prize for PeaceTech, with other notable recipients including Palantir Technologies, Project Didi, and Human Rights Data Analysis Group (HRDAG).\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cfigure name=\"2994\" id=\"2994\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*dmon7Y7K4HMf2Yt_khKLXQ.jpeg\" data-width=\"4800\" data-height=\"3200\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*dmon7Y7K4HMf2Yt_khKLXQ.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">The winners from left to right: Shawn Guttman (Project Didi), Bogdan Ivanel (Commit Global), Ishraq Irteza (Palantir) and Annabelle Larose (Palantir). Photo by Jennifer S. Altman.\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch4 name=\"1918\" id=\"1918\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">Unlocking the Potential of Technology for Peace\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"f0bf\" id=\"f0bf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">The event kicked off with opening remarks delivered by Artur Kluz, the Founder and CEO of Kluz Ventures, as well as the Founder of the Kluz Prize for PeaceTech. His journey in the PeaceTech ecosystem began in 2018 with the launch of the Global PeaceTech Program at Oxford University Centre, and the Global PeaceTech Hub in 2021, which works to accelerate innovation in the ecosystem.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2318\" id=\"2318\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Recounting the story of three young Ukrainian refugees, Artur spoke to the potential of technology for peacebuilding, not only as a tool to prevent conflict but also as a means to protect and enhance human dignity, and universal human rights. He said “We are living in exceptional times, where technology is leading to the reimagination of everything and transforming our lives. This is not just a technological revolution, but this is a social, business, and human revolution.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a59c\" id=\"a59c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Artur suggested that the diversity and dynamism of the applications received for the Prize mirrored what the world needs to address conflict. Applications ranged from artificial intelligence systems creating actionable strategic recommendations, to data analytics systems to enhance service provision in cities, to the use of emerging technologies like Virtual reality (VR) and 3D printing in combat zones to name a few.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"2856\" id=\"2856\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*-NlRH5Pd2L1VUuODWLHpDw.jpeg\" data-width=\"4800\" data-height=\"3200\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*-NlRH5Pd2L1VUuODWLHpDw.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Artur Kluz (Kluz Ventures), Founder of the Kluz Prize for PeaceTech. Photo by Jennifer S. Altman.\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"eb6d\" id=\"eb6d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In closing, Artur reflected on our role as a bridge between present innovation and future generations. He said “A long-term vision for The Kluz Prize is to build a global PeaceTech movement of billions of peoples.” He closed with a quote from Pope Saint John Paul II, “The future starts today, not tomorrow.”\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"35f8\" id=\"35f8\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">The Humanity in Technology\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"a5af\" id=\"a5af\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*LlHhlhttMycuOhwC_MJSTA.jpeg\" data-width=\"4800\" data-height=\"3200\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*LlHhlhttMycuOhwC_MJSTA.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Daniel Wilhelm (The Harry Frank Guggenheim Foundation), Member of the Prize Selection Committee. Photo by Jennifer S. Altman.\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"9071\" id=\"9071\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Following Artur’s remarks, Daniel Wilhelm, President of The Harry Frank Guggenheim Foundation and a member of the Prize Selection Committee shared his insights on the role of PeaceTech in our world today based on lessons from his career in violence prevention and criminal justice in the United States and globally.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"43cd\" id=\"43cd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Daniel began his remarks by drawing parallels between the spirit of the Kluz Prize for PeaceTech and the history of the Foundation in creating and disseminating knowledge on the nature of, and responses to, violence in its many forms. In reflecting on the shared spirit of the Kluz Prize for PeaceTech and the Foundation, Daniel said, “Knowledge is necessary for the effective prevention of conflict, and for building peaceful and just societies.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c2e8\" id=\"c2e8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“We are firm believers in the transformative power of knowledge and information,” he added.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d5c5\" id=\"d5c5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As a member of the Selection Committee, Daniel reviewed over twenty PeaceTech projects, shortlisted from the eighty-plus applications we received from more than thirty five countries around the world. While the creativity and innovation of each applicant was impressive, he argued, what struck him most about each applicant was the sense of humanity in their work. To learn more about our Selection Committee, we invite you to visit our \u003Ca href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org/jury-and-panelists\" data-href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org/jury-and-panelists\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">website\u003C/a> and the \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/save-the-date-featuring-and-celebrating-achievements-in-peacetech-cbcc4d09c9dc\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/save-the-date-featuring-and-celebrating-achievements-in-peacetech-cbcc4d09c9dc\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">blog post\u003C/a> about the applications.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f41b\" id=\"f41b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“At the core of all of the submissions, there was a deep and abiding concern for humanity,” Daniel began. “As we’re reading about all the advances in technology, and are fearful of the future where robots are going to control us and artificial intelligence is going to write our children’s term papers, one of the things that gets lost in that is where is the humanity in this technology? […] Sometimes it seems like technology exists without a purpose. In stark contrast, in the submissions, the humanity was front and center.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cf22\" id=\"cf22\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For Daniel, these projects were an “antidote” for the ongoing discourse of the pervasive nature of technology and the fear associated with it. Rather than positioning technology as a one-stop-shop solution, most applicants were implementing technology to enhance existing systems and approaches, using it to address real needs and leverage real opportunities\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"428b\" id=\"428b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">He concluded his remarks by emphasizing the hopefulness behind each submission, which he felt made the best case for the value of technology in our world today and its role in bringing about a better future for all.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"2a72\" id=\"2a72\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">The Role of Technology in Peacebuilding\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"3c13\" id=\"3c13\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">From these remarks, the event moved into a panel discussion moderated by The GovLab’s Co-Founder and Chief R&D Officer, Stefaan Verhulst. The central focus of the conversation was understanding the role of technology in peacebuilding and their perspective on the current state of PeaceTech globally. He was joined by the following expert panelists from the peace and technology sectors:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"718e\" id=\"718e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/anacaro26/\" data-href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/anacaro26/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ana Carolina Gonzalez\u003C/a>, Co-Founder of the Magnolia Foundation for Peace and Wellness\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a32a\" id=\"a32a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/andrewzolli\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/andrewzolli\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Andrew Zolli\u003C/a>, Chief Impact Officer at Planet\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"385e\" id=\"385e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/william-brinson-weeks-md-phd-mba-a077a868\" data-href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/william-brinson-weeks-md-phd-mba-a077a868\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">William B. Weeks\u003C/a>, Director of AI for Health Research at Microsoft\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cfigure name=\"4b34\" id=\"4b34\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*98mfNI6PviLDpUsOsZNyBw.jpeg\" data-width=\"4800\" data-height=\"3200\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*98mfNI6PviLDpUsOsZNyBw.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">The panelists from left to right: Stefaan Verhulst (moderator), Ana Carolina Gonzalez, Andrew Zolli and William B. Weeks. Photo by Jennifer S. Altman.\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"19f4\" id=\"19f4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">To kick off the conversation, Stefaan invited Ana Carolina Gonzalez to talk about her motivation behind creating the Magnolia Foundation and its approach to comprehensive peace.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8335\" id=\"8335\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Magnolia Foundation launched in 2018 as a response to the ongoing conflict in Colombia — a conflict which first began in the 1950s. Ana Carolina, who is a journalist and communicator, shared that she was inspired to work with survivors of the conflict after seeing the heavy mental and emotional toll that the violence had on people living in conflict zones. The lack of adequate mental health and rehabilitation services pushed her to partner with Juan Carlos Lucero, her co-founder, to provide peacebuilding, conflict resolution and wellness classes not only for survivors of the conflict, but also for former combatants through their School for Peace and their Wellness Lab.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fe90\" id=\"fe90\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Foundation’s goal is to first empower individuals to heal and build inner peace using therapeutic tools like yoga and music at the Wellness Lab. From there, it encourages individuals to build lasting peace and become drivers for change themselves through courses at their School for Peace. In summarizing the Magnolia Foundation’s approach to comprehensive peace, Ana Carolina remembered the work of John Paul Lederach, saying: “If you want a strong house, you can’t focus only on the rooftop. You need to focus on the foundations because at one point, it’s going to fall.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"38ab\" id=\"38ab\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Building off Ana Carolina’s remarks, Stefaan turned the discussion to William Weeks to share more about Microsoft’s approach to peace in the context of their AI for Good Lab.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ce5c\" id=\"ce5c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">William, who has had a long career in academia before joining Microsoft in 2019, highlighted the four key areas of work the Lab focuses on that contribute to peace — climate change, trust, humanitarian action and health. In his work, he has found that peace flourishes during times of comfort and ease while mistrust, discomfort and uneasiness often leave groups more prone to conflict. For example, he noted, climate change will likely cause mass displacement of populations, and so the Lab is employing AI models to anticipate these shifts and intervene ideally before conflict can erupt.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2545\" id=\"2545\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In his different examples of Microsoft’s work, William emphasized the role of technology in building capacity and enabling the implementation of more efficient and effective solutions in the long run. Greater than their commitment to building cutting-edge technology, however, he shared that Microsoft and the Lab were “highly motivated to do the right thing and to give back.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8f33\" id=\"8f33\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Finally, Stefaan asked Andrew Zolli to elaborate on his organization, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.planet.com/\" data-href=\"https://www.planet.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Planet’s\u003C/a> work.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3ebe\" id=\"3ebe\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Planet designed, built and currently operates the largest network of satellites looking at the Earth. Andrew began his remarks with an inspiring story of young NASA scientists who transformed satellites from large, capital and time intensive engines, to smaller, more agile machines. This shift in satellite technology enabled Planet to deploy their network of satellites, which have monitored the Earth since 2017. In his words, Planet witnesses “every growth of every crop, every act of deforestation, every refugee camp, everywhere on the Earth, everyday.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8d23\" id=\"8d23\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">With this technological power, Andrew emphasized that Planet is “profoundly dedicated to ensuring that [their network] is used for peace.” He explained that this technology has revolutionized the work of human rights protectors around the world. Where it used to take years, often decades, to document and identify human rights violations, Planet’s access to real-time information and analysis has trimmed these timelines down to days, as was seen in Myanmar in 2017.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8842\" id=\"8842\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Following the panelists’ remarks, Stefaan opened the floor for conversations between the group and audience. In an engaging open discussion, Ana Caroline, Andrew and William unpacked a diverse set of questions on the resources and capacities organizations need to use technology in an effective and responsible manner, ways organizations can balance the inherently dual-purposed nature of technology, and the role context plays in the success of a project and how it impacts the scalability and replicability of a project.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"f845\" id=\"f845\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Celebrating Innovation in PeaceTech\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"1fdb\" id=\"1fdb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">After the panel, the event moved to the award presentation, where we had the opportunity to hear directly from the 2023 Kluz Prize for PeaceTech winner, and the recipients of our three Special Distinctions.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"e21e\" id=\"e21e\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*t4h7OXKZLCk__mPYRU7p9w.jpeg\" data-width=\"4800\" data-height=\"3200\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*t4h7OXKZLCk__mPYRU7p9w.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">The winners from left to right: Shawn Guttman (Project Didi), Stefaan Verhulst (The GovLab), Artur Kluz (Kluz Ventures), Bogdan Ivanel (Commit Global), Ishraq Irteza (Palantir) and Annabelle Larose (Palantir). Photo by Jennifer S. Altman.\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"c568\" id=\"c568\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">This year’s winners were:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"3d98\" id=\"3d98\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.commitglobal.org/en\" data-href=\"https://www.commitglobal.org/en\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Commit Global\u003C/a>, 2023 Kluz Prize for PeaceTech\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"98ba\" id=\"98ba\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.palantir.com/platforms/foundry/\" data-href=\"https://www.palantir.com/platforms/foundry/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Palantir Technologies’ Foundry\u003C/a>, Special Distinction for Big Tech Building Peace\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c16b\" id=\"c16b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://hrdag.org/\" data-href=\"https://hrdag.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Human Rights Data Analysis Group (HRDAG)\u003C/a>, Special Distinction for a Non Profit Organization Advancing Peace\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ba35\" id=\"ba35\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.projectdidi.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.projectdidi.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Project Didi\u003C/a>, Special Distinction for Innovative Use of AI/ML\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"d3b8\" id=\"d3b8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">Each recipient delivered acceptance speeches, calling on the global community to work together towards building and sustaining a more peaceful future.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"ef6f\" id=\"ef6f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*QMjvmwVxX8OO0OkYrbBFtg.jpeg\" data-width=\"4800\" data-height=\"3200\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*QMjvmwVxX8OO0OkYrbBFtg.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Juan Carlos Lucero (The Magnolia Foundation), recipient of the 2022 Kluz Prize for PeaceTech. Photo by Jennifer S. Altman.\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"81c6\" id=\"81c6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">To conclude the award ceremony, Stefaan invited Juan Carlos Lucero, the Co-Founder of the Magnolia Foundation, and recipient of the 2022 Kluz Prize for PeaceTech to say a few words.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"35ce\" id=\"35ce\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Juan Carlos reflected on the role of the Prize and the work being done across the PeaceTech ecosystem in taking an abstract, ephemeral concept like peace and grounding it in tangible, technologically-driven actions to drive positive change. Looking ahead, he expressed his attitude that AI will play a key role in enabling actors to promote and scale up their work to reach more beneficiaries across the world.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4e66\" id=\"4e66\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Magnolia Foundation, for instance, he noted, is beginning to employ AI systems at its School for Peace to meet the growing demands of their global audience.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9d57\" id=\"9d57\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Juan Carlos then talked about the intersection of peace and conflict. As a final, closing thought, he said: “Conflicts are not something negative or positive. They are a driving force. They can drive us and connect us. They can lead us to violence or to peace.”\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"25de\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch4 name=\"2031\" id=\"2031\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf--leading\">Get Involved\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"ae59\" id=\"ae59\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">In 2024, we will work towards building partnerships across the technology and peacebuilding ecosystem from coast to coast, and across the world. We are seeking partners from tech accelerators, tech companies, big tech, venture capital, as well as public and civil society organizations. If you are leveraging technology to advance peace, we would love to hear from you! You can get in touch with our team via email at \u003Ca href=\"mailto:info@kluzprize.org\" data-href=\"mailto:info@kluzprize.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">info@kluzprize.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"44a3\" id=\"44a3\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">About the Kluz Prize for PeaceTech\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"c080\" id=\"c080\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4 graf--trailing\">Founded by Artur Kluz, Founder and CEO of Kluz Ventures, in collaboration with Stefaan Verhulst, the Co-Founder of The GovLab at New York University, the Kluz Prize aims to identify and support groundbreaking initiatives at the intersection of technology and peace-building. They aim to propel the creation of a global movement promoting the use of technology for peace and to fan the flames of this movement for future generations. The 2023 judging panel consisted of esteemed figures from academia, tech investment, corporate sectors, and civil society. Learn more at \u003Ca href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org\" data-href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">www.kluzprize.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/advancing-technology-for-peace",{"title":1085,"description":1088},"advancing-technology-for-peace","blogposts/advancing-technology-for-peace","nSV958lixXwPPMdnikkIEAxrnqHd2SuGntZJaGoDKwg",{"id":1098,"title":1099,"author":187,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1100,"body":34,"category":44,"date":1101,"description":1102,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1099,"image":1103,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1104,"meta":1105,"navigation":15,"path":1106,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1107,"slug":1108,"startTime":34,"stem":1109,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1110},"blogposts/blogposts/from-data-to-decision-intelligence-the-potential-of-decision-accelerator-labs.json","From Data to Decision Intelligence: The Potential of Decision Accelerator Labs",[],"2023-10-06T00:00:00","We live at a moment of perhaps unprecedented global upheaval. From climate change to pandemics, from war to political disharmony…","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*x2ObwnRa3HPcCTo59onQnA.png","\u003Ch1 id=\"from-data-to-decision-intelligence-the-potential-of-decision-accelerator-labs\">From Data to Decision Intelligence: The Potential of Decision Accelerator Labs\u003C/h1> \u003Ch2 id=\"from-data-to-decision-intelligence-the-potential-of-decision-accelerator-labs-1\">\u003Cstrong>From Data to Decision Intelligence: The Potential of Decision Accelerator Labs\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>We live at a moment of perhaps unprecedented global upheaval. From climate change to pandemics, from war to political disharmony, misinformation, and growing social inequality, policy and social change-makers today face not only new challenges but new \u003Cem>types\u003C/em> of challenges. In our increasingly complex and interconnected world, existing systems and institutions of governance, marked by hierarchical decision-making, are increasingly being replaced by overlapping nodes of multi-sector decision-making.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Data is proving critical to these new forms of decision-making, along with associated (and emerging) phenomena such as advanced analytics, machine learning, and artificial intelligence. Yet while the importance of data intelligence for policymakers is now widely recognized, there remain multiple challenges to operationalizing that insight–i.e., to move from \u003Cem>data intelligence to decision intelligence\u003C/em>.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*x2ObwnRa3HPcCTo59onQnA.png\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>DALL-E generated\u003C/p> \u003Cp>In what follows, we explain what we mean by decision intelligence, and discuss why it matters. We then present six obstacles to better decision intelligence–challenges that prevent policymakers and others from translating insights into action. Finally, we end by offering one possible solution to these challenges: the concept of \u003Cem>decision accelerator labs\u003C/em> , operating on a hub and spoke model, and offering an innovative, interdisciplinary platform to facilitate the development of evidence-based, targeted solutions to public problems and dilemmas.\u003C/p> \u003Col> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Why Decision Intelligence Matters\u003C/strong>\u003C/li> \u003C/ol> \u003Cp>It is now something of a truism that data can help make better decisions. But while this insight is generally accepted, there is often a lack of clarity about the specific ways in which it is true. In order to better understand why decision intelligence matters–and to overcome obstacles–we need a better understanding of its key value propositions.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Broadly, decision intelligence can:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>Ensure that \u003Cem>insights derived from data are more effectively integrated\u003C/em> into decision-making processes. This can lead to policymaking that is more responsive and effective, less biased, and characterized by greater situational awareness.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Allow decision-makers to \u003Cem>employ advanced data analytical methods and state-of-the-art simulation technologies\u003C/em>. This, in turn, can allow them to better understand and address the complex, interconnected challenges that characterize our era.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Help \u003Cem>incorporate lived experience and thick data\u003C/em> into the decision-making process, resulting in more empathetic, realistic, and effective policies and interventions.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Foster \u003Cem>collaboration between diverse stakeholders\u003C/em> , breaking down silos, and facilitating the development of comprehensive, cross-disciplinary solutions.\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>2. \u003Cstrong>Challenges to Decision Intelligence\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Despite this list of benefits, several obstacles remain to transform the potential of data intelligence into the streamlined processes and improved outcomes that can result from it. These obstacles limit the possibilities of data and information technology, and more generally constrain the potential positive impact of 21st-century decision-making.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>A (partial) list of challenges to decision intelligence would include:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Lack of awareness of data’s potential:\u003C/strong> Decision-makers frequently operate within the confines of their respective domains and existing paradigms, leading to a fragmented understanding of the broader context and potential interdependencies between sectors or domains. This can lead to a limited understanding, or even a certain wariness, of the role of data in decision-making. More emphasis on building awareness–e.g., through training and educational outreach–could be helpful.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Poor Problem Definition:\u003C/strong> Effective decision-making relies significantly on how problems are framed–i.e., what questions policymakers ask, and how challenges are formulated or understood. These challenges are perhaps more significant when it comes to datafied decision-making. Given the glut of available data, there is a danger that policymakers may address challenges not based on genuine social need or priorities, but simply because the “data is available.” To address such challenges, we have \u003Ca href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4494553\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">elsewhere \u003C/a>advocated for a new science of questions that would help frame challenges and opportunities, and identify the most important priorities.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Lack of technical capacity:\u003C/strong> Even when decision-makers would welcome greater use of data, they are often hampered by a lack of technical capacity. This inadequate capacity can manifest in various ways: a lack of familiarity with advanced analytics and data-led decision-making; an absence of necessary tools and frameworks to effectively capture decision requirements; or poor information visualization methods, manifested for instance by static dashboards and a lack of real-time data.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Lack of advanced methods:\u003C/strong> Technology moves fast and even data-led decision-making methods often rely on outdated linear and reductionist approaches that fail to capture the complexity and interconnectedness of modern challenges. Such limitations require greater incorporation of advanced methods– such as systems or topic mapping, machine learning, and network analysis–in order to uncover hidden patterns, relationships, and insights that could inform more effective decision-making.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Limited inclusiveness and stakeholder engagement:\u003C/strong> Traditional decision-making processes often exclude or inadequately consider the perspectives and experiences of those directly affected by the issues being addressed. Such exclusions can be all the more pronounced–and problematic when it comes to data-led decision-making and can apply as much to the decision-making processes themselves as to the underlying data (which may lack representativeness or contain biases). A lack of inclusiveness leads to less empathetic and effective solutions that may not fully address the needs and concerns of diverse stakeholders–and, therefore, to a lack of trust and less effective policies.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Fragmented, siloed approaches:\u003C/strong> Despite the proliferation of data in our economy and society, much of it remains in silos and behind paywalls. Decision makers’ limited ability to combine data and merge insights across sectors and domains is a serious constraint on their ability to maximize the potential of data to create better and more responsive policies. A greater use of structures such as \u003Ca href=\"https://www.datacollaboration.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">data collaboratives\u003C/a> could be helpful in this regard and allow for the development of comprehensive, cross-disciplinary solutions to address complex, interconnected problems.\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>3. Decision Accelerator Labs\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The above challenges represent real obstacles to fulfilling the potential of data in decision-making by policymakers and others. Some possible solutions have been mentioned–e.g., greater use of data collaboratives to overcome data silos, a new science of questions to help establish priorities. In this section, we propose the creation of innovative institutional structures that we call Decision Accelerator Labs (DALs).\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*D1DgXc2pUNHFrzbewHv8FA.png\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>DALL-E generated\u003C/p> \u003Cp>DALs should function as connectors, bringing together different stakeholders that play a role in the decision-making process. These stakeholders can include parties that need to be consulted or informed (e.g., citizens); parties who play a role as validators (e.g., domain experts or those with lived experience); translators (who translate information or data into meaningful action); and of course decision makers themselves.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>DALs can take many forms. They could for instance, take the shape of a real-world think tank; or perhaps virtual immersive and interactive decision theaters (see, for instance, the \u003Ca href=\"https://dt.asu.edu/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Decision Theatre\u003C/a> efforts at Arizona State University) that provide a conducive environment for decision-makers to visualize data, models, and scenarios. In all cases, DALs should follow a flexible and adaptable spoke-and-hub model, allowing for the creation of tailored decision-making environments that can address diverse challenges across different scales, sectors, and issues (e.g., at the global or regional level, or in a particular domain). By enabling DALs to cater to diverse contexts, the spoke-and-hub model thus ensures that stakeholders have access to the most relevant and effective resources, fostering informed decision-making and enabling more targeted solutions.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>DALs would help decision-makers (as well as those affected by their decisions) in several ways. Some of their key enhancements would include:\u003C/p> \u003Col> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Question science:\u003C/strong> By bringing together experts and other stakeholders, DALs can play a key role in advancing participatory question science to ensure decision-makers are asking the questions that matter most. In this exercise, DALs can leverage and build upon our \u003Ca href=\"https://the100questions.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">100 Questions methodology.\u003C/a>\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Decision mapping and requirements:\u003C/strong> DALs can develop new methods to identify decision requirements, as well as where there is the greatest need for decision support and what tools or systems could offer such support. This process involves mapping existing decision systems and needs to identify priorities.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Leverage Advanced Data Analytical Methods:\u003C/strong> DALs can employ new data analytical techniques, such as machine learning, artificial intelligence, advanced simulation, and network analysis, to uncover hidden patterns and relationships within the data. These innovative methods will help identify relevant factors and variables, enabling more accurate predictions and actionable insights; in so doing, they will lead to more effective and responsive policies, and help define the boundaries of 21st-century decision-making.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Integration of Lived Experiences and Thick Data:\u003C/strong> Recognizing the value of firsthand accounts and real-time data, DALs can help incorporate lived experiences and thick data (granular, high-frequency data) into decision-making processes. It will enable such processes through robust thick data-driven methods such as digital ethnography combined with big data-driven insights. This approach will ensure that decisions and policies that emerge from the DALs reflect ground realities and contribute to more inclusive, empathetic, and effective solutions.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Rapid Deliberation and Iteration:\u003C/strong> Relying on real-time data, advanced simulation and analytics, and other methods, DALs can incorporate feedback from experts and policymakers to improve upon its outputs and models iteratively and quickly. In addition, collective intelligence methods and tools can be used to evaluate the impact of policies and programs and test ideas through simulations.\u003C/li> \u003C/ol> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Conclusion: Looking Forward\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*0w403vB8_eEhumoygNTWrA.png\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>DALL-E 3 generated\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The creation of DALs could offer a promising if incipient, means of advancing toward better decision intelligence, which in turn can lead to more responsive and effective policies and decision-making. In order to fulfill this promise, further research and experimentation are required, both into the specific potential of DALs and the more general opportunities (and challenges) of data-driven decision-making. Join us toward that end.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cem>(Thanks to Alex Fischer with whom I had several conversations on the topic; See and contribute to also our Special Track on Collective Decision Intelligence\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://dataforpolicy.org/sp8/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://dataforpolicy.org/sp8/\u003C/a> \u003Cem>)\u003C/em>\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/from-data-to-decision-intelligence-the-potential-of-decision-accelerator-labs",{"title":1099,"description":1102},"from-data-to-decision-intelligence-the-potential-of-decision-accelerator-labs","blogposts/from-data-to-decision-intelligence-the-potential-of-decision-accelerator-labs","pZ2F37aFoWmicjkPMR7voXbzJml3NnA1NreD6a0lWRs",{"id":1112,"title":1113,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1114,"body":34,"category":44,"date":1115,"description":1116,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1113,"image":1117,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1118,"meta":1119,"navigation":15,"path":1120,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1121,"slug":1122,"startTime":34,"stem":1123,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1124},"blogposts/blogposts/pioneering-technological-solutions-to-alleviate-the-plight-of-16-million-ukrainian-refugees.json","Pioneering Technological Solutions to Alleviate the Plight of 1.6 Million Ukrainian Refugees",[],"2023-09-21T13:16:15","Commit Global is Named Winner of the 2023 Kluz Prize for PeaceTech.","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*f1PDhBQhz09L_iwgyIvpWA.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"81bb\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"9d79\" id=\"9d79\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Pioneering Technological Solutions to Alleviate the Plight of 1.6 Million Ukrainian Refugees\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"eaa4\" id=\"eaa4\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">Commit Global is Named Winner of the 2023 Kluz Prize for PeaceTech.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"74f1\" id=\"74f1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Competition Drew More Than 80 Applicants From Over 35 Countries From Organizations Utilizing the Prowess of Technology to Bolster Peace-Building Missions.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"6f97\" id=\"6f97\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*f1PDhBQhz09L_iwgyIvpWA.jpeg\" data-width=\"2400\" data-height=\"1600\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*f1PDhBQhz09L_iwgyIvpWA.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">From left to right: Shawn Guttman (Project Didi), Stefaan Verhulst (The GovLab), Artur Kluz (Kluz Ventures), Bogdan Ivanel (Commit Global), Ishraq Irteza (Palantir), Annabelle Larose (Palantir). Photo by Jennifer Altman.\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"9efc\" id=\"9efc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">NEW YORK CITY, September 20, 2023\u003C/strong> — Today, at the eve of International Peace Day, individuals from various corners of the globe gathered to recognize the potential of emerging technologies to foster peace, reduce conflict, and safeguard human rights and dignity worldwide through the 2023 Kluz Prize for PeaceTech. After reviewing over 80 submissions from more than 35 countries, the Selection Committee announced Commit Global as the recipient of the award.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"825d\" id=\"825d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Commit Global has distinguished itself through the groundbreaking development and maintenance of a \u003Ca href=\"https://dopomoha.ro/en\" data-href=\"https://dopomoha.ro/en\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">humanitarian digital civic infrastructure\u003C/a> platform crafted to aid Ukrainian refugees. This unparalleled platform and its surrounding ecosystem have facilitated safe transit and support for over 1.6 million refugees. Offering trusted, verified information on a range of essential services, including border crossing guidance, legal advice, social services, medical and educational resources, safe housing, and counseling, it stands as a formidable force in aiding refugees while safeguarding against human trafficking and other forms of exploitation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"748a\" id=\"748a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In recognition of their immense impact and vital work, Commit Global was presented with a $20,000 award to further their humanitarian efforts.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cd94\" id=\"cd94\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Bogdan Ivanel, CEO & Founder of Commit Global\u003C/strong>, stressed the pressing nature of their initiative, stating, “If we are to win the race against escalating humanitarian crises, we must leverage technology to amplify the efforts of those championing good in our civil society and amongst first responders. Our shared infrastructure has proven to be a lifesaver at Ukraine’s borders, and its deployment is desperately needed worldwide.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8379\" id=\"8379\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Artur Kluz, Founder of the Kluz Prize for PeaceTech\u003C/strong>, following the awards ceremony commented, “As we stand on the brink of International Peace Day, this award not only signifies a recognition of Commit Global’s remarkable achievements but hopefully also serves as a catalyst for further innovation in the PeaceTech landscape, encouraging the global community to foster peace and safeguard human dignity through technological advancements.”\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"5e31\" id=\"5e31\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Special Distinctions\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"879f\" id=\"879f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">A staggering 80 high-quality applications from innovators in over 35 countries worldwide were received, all utilizing the prowess of technology to bolster peace-building missions.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4871\" id=\"4871\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Stephen Roberts, a member of the selection committee\u003C/strong>, was profoundly touched by the enthusiasm and caliber of the entries, noting, “The quality of applications was humbling. It’s uplifting to witness so many pioneers harnessing technology to carve out a path to peace and forge a brighter future for all.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"775e\" id=\"775e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">While each project harbored its own unique merit, warranting recognition, three organizations were awarded special distinctions for exhibiting extraordinary innovation in their domains.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cff2\" id=\"cff2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Palantir Technologies’ Foundry was honored with the “Special Distinction for Big Tech Building Peace,” recognizing their outstanding endeavors in facilitating Ukrainian refugee assistance. By fostering unprecedented cross-government collaboration, their pioneering platform has steered over 130,000 Ukrainian refugees safely towards resettlement.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"43e8\" id=\"43e8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The “Non-Profit Organization Advancing Peace” accolade was bestowed upon the Human Rights Data Analysis Group (HRDAG) for their remarkable contribution to uncovering human rights violations in Colombia. When receiving this distinction, Executive Director Megan Price said, “The HRDAG team is so honored to receive this special distinction. We’re excited this community recognizes the key role science, technology, and interdisciplinary collaboration can play in peacebuilding and we appreciate the chance to bring attention to ongoing efforts for transitional justice and truth-seeking in Colombia.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1e81\" id=\"1e81\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Lastly, Project Didi earned acclaim for ingeniously utilizing AI and Machine Learning to foster conflict resolution globally. Expressing his appreciation, Founder & CEO Shawn Guttman said, “We are delighted to receive this acknowledgment from the Kluz Prize for PeaceTech. Leveraging AI and ML, Project Didi’s ripeness tool stands at the forefront of PeaceTech, positioning us alongside other trailblazers in this transformative and burgeoning field.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"547f\" id=\"547f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The 2023 Kluz Prize for PeaceTech delineates a pivotal moment in endorsing technology-driven resolutions to foster global peace and humanitarian assistance. This year’s laureates and distinction awardees epitomize the ethos of the prize, demonstrating technology’s potent force as an agent of tangible change.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e71c\" id=\"e71c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">According to Stefaan Verhulst, C\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">o-Founder of The GovLab and partner supporting the Kluz Prize\u003C/strong>: “Reflecting upon the manifold inventive submissions, it is evident that technology is poised to take a central role in orchestrating an era of peace, underscoring the importance of nurturing and supporting these innovative strides.”\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"6303\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch4 name=\"d832\" id=\"d832\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf--leading\">About the Kluz Prize for PeaceTech\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"1f37\" id=\"1f37\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4 graf--trailing\">Founded by Artur Kluz, in collaboration with Stefaan Verhulst, the Co-Founder of The GovLab at New York University, the Kluz Prize aims to identify and support groundbreaking initiatives at the intersection of technology and peace-building. They aim to propel the creation of a global movement promoting the use of technology for peace and to fan the flames of this movement for future generations. The 2023 judging panel consisted of esteemed figures from academia, tech investment, corporate sectors, and civil society. Learn more at \u003Ca href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org\" data-href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">www.kluzprize.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/pioneering-technological-solutions-to-alleviate-the-plight-of-16-million-ukrainian-refugees",{"title":1113,"description":1116},"pioneering-technological-solutions-to-alleviate-the-plight-of-16-million-ukrainian-refugees","blogposts/pioneering-technological-solutions-to-alleviate-the-plight-of-16-million-ukrainian-refugees","LCeDnsZ8qNe662lHWDXlcIhxGGw3LrL2N4zAMHpQztQ",{"id":1126,"title":1127,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1128,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1129,"description":1130,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1127,"image":1131,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1132,"meta":1133,"navigation":15,"path":1134,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1135,"slug":1136,"startTime":34,"stem":1137,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1138},"blogposts/blogposts/the-kluz-prize-for-peacetech-celebrating-innovation-for-a-peaceful-world.json","The Kluz Prize for PeaceTech Celebrating Innovation for a Peaceful World",[],"2023-08-08T19:14:39","Calls for Applications are now Open!","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*HXGyW3XmrYfNgds4PGErEw.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"4ead\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"ae50\" id=\"ae50\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">The Kluz Prize for PeaceTech — Celebrating Innovation for a Peaceful World\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"8fac\" id=\"8fac\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Calls for Applications are now Open\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"70ac\" id=\"70ac\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*HXGyW3XmrYfNgds4PGErEw.png\" data-width=\"1093\" data-height=\"621\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*HXGyW3XmrYfNgds4PGErEw.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"43f6\" id=\"43f6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">New York, August 2, 2023 — Kluz Ventures proudly launches the Kluz Prize for PeaceTech 2023, an initiative designed to celebrate, recognize, and propel the groundbreaking use of cutting-edge technologies in fostering peace, reducing conflict, and safeguarding human dignity and universal human rights across the globe. The organization of this initiative is supported by The GovLab at New York University.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2e57\" id=\"2e57\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Applications are now being accepted from individuals, organizations, and tech entrepreneurs who have made a substantial impact in the field of PeaceTech.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"576f\" id=\"576f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Kluz Prize for PeaceTech sets out to:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"d3f8\" id=\"d3f8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Commend and reward exceptional achievements in the realm of PeaceTech, honoring those who have made transformative contributions.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d08c\" id=\"d08c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Foster collaboration among global leaders, peacebuilders, technologists, entrepreneurs, investors, and policymakers to amplify the impact of PeaceTech initiatives worldwide.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a3d3\" id=\"a3d3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Create awareness about the potential of technology as a catalyst for peace, raising awareness and inspiring action.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"1061\" id=\"1061\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">This year, the Kluz Prize for PeaceTech is offering a grant of $20,000 to the selected winner for their accomplishments in the field and to support the further advancement of their project in the emerging field of technologies for peace. The prestigious award ceremony will take place on Wednesday, September 20th, on the eve of \u003Ca href=\"https://internationaldayofpeace.org/\" data-href=\"https://internationaldayofpeace.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the International Day of Peace\u003C/a> (September 21st), during the 78th United Nations General Assembly.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4d5c\" id=\"4d5c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“Technology holds the key to unlocking a more peaceful world, and PeaceTech is the driving force behind this transformative opportunity,” stated Artur Kluz, Founder and CEO of Kluz Ventures. “Together, by showcasing groundbreaking applications of technology to foster peace, we can accelerate the PeaceTech movement and create tangible, life-changing impact on a global scale.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"05c6\" id=\"05c6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“We eagerly anticipate discovering new, responsible and innovative uses of technology that are making a profound and positive difference in shaping a future of peace,” said Stefaan Verhulst, Co-founder of the GovLab “Our quest for peace would not be comprehensive without exploring and acknowledging the potential the responsible use of technologies has to forge a world with less conflict.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a1f2\" id=\"a1f2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Call for Applications will remain open until Friday, September 1, 2023, at 11:59 PM EDT. The selected winner(s) will have the opportunity to attend the award ceremony in New York City and present their remarkable work to esteemed experts in the field of Peace and Tech.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"386c\" id=\"386c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To learn more about the application process and eligibility criteria, please visit \u003Ca href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.kluzprize.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.kluzprize.org/\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"db12\" id=\"db12\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">About Kluz Ventures\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0ad0\" id=\"0ad0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Kluz Ventures is a values-driven investment firm with a long-term vision of empowering human flourishing and technological development by investing in the exceptional entrepreneurs and technologies of tomorrow. Investments in these technologies can promote a global culture of genuine human growth that meets the current and future needs of all people, serving as an inspiration for future generations. Founded by Artur Kluz. Learn more at \u003Ca href=\"https://eur03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kluzventures.com%2F&data=05%7C01%7CMichele.Giovanardi%40eui.eu%7C2b0e21e6068b4ebe1e7b08da3db6065a%7Cd3f434ee643c409f94aa6db2f23545ce%7C0%7C0%7C637890149249547724%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=Wz9vynBIjPOhjR4RKU%2FV9cZh6C8LRhjvF45JZRSU0S8%3D&reserved=0\" data-href=\"https://eur03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kluzventures.com%2F&data=05%7C01%7CMichele.Giovanardi%40eui.eu%7C2b0e21e6068b4ebe1e7b08da3db6065a%7Cd3f434ee643c409f94aa6db2f23545ce%7C0%7C0%7C637890149249547724%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=Wz9vynBIjPOhjR4RKU%2FV9cZh6C8LRhjvF45JZRSU0S8%3D&reserved=0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">www.kluzventures.com\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"92f6\" id=\"92f6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">About The GovLab\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9045\" id=\"9045\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">The GovLab at New York University is an action research center that aims to improve people’s lives by changing the way we govern. The GovLab seeks to strengthen the ability of institutions — including but not limited to governments — and people to work more openly, collaboratively, effectively, and legitimately to make better decisions\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/the-kluz-prize-for-peacetech-celebrating-innovation-for-a-peaceful-world",{"title":1127,"description":1130},"the-kluz-prize-for-peacetech-celebrating-innovation-for-a-peaceful-world","blogposts/the-kluz-prize-for-peacetech-celebrating-innovation-for-a-peaceful-world","_eL2WrOcHyleOox2Wvh2EjNZAxPb8lkNZbltm37dQsc",{"id":1140,"title":1141,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1142,"body":34,"category":44,"date":1143,"description":1144,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1141,"image":1145,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1146,"meta":1147,"navigation":15,"path":1148,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1149,"slug":1150,"startTime":34,"stem":1151,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1152},"blogposts/blogposts/data-stewardship-for-cities-in-practice-data-stewards-academy-graduates-present-data-re-use.json","Data Stewardship for Cities in Practice: Data Stewards Academy Graduates present data re-use",[],"2023-07-27T15:19:34","The Data Steward Academy Data Re-Use in Cities Course hosted a Final Showcase event in mid-July to mark the culmination of its 8-week...","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*Fxm7zGpf5rNwxUmWErbD4w.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"6481\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"3529\" id=\"3529\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Data Stewardship for Cities in Practice: Data Stewards Academy Graduates present data re-use initiatives\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"d07f\" id=\"d07f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*Fxm7zGpf5rNwxUmWErbD4w.png\" data-width=\"932\" data-height=\"633\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*Fxm7zGpf5rNwxUmWErbD4w.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">The Data Stewards Academy Data Re-Use in Cities Cohort and attendees of the Final Showcase\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"633e\" id=\"633e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The Data Steward’s Academy Data Re-Use in Cities Course hosted a Final Showcase event in mid-July to mark the culmination of its 8-week Executive Education intensive course.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ffdc\" id=\"ffdc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This event featured remarks by \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/stefaan-verhulst/\" data-href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/stefaan-verhulst/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/a> (Co-Founder and Chief Research and Development Officer and Director of the Data Program at \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab)\u003C/a> as well as \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/gretchen-deo-762542a5/\" data-href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/gretchen-deo-762542a5/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Gretchen Deo\u003C/a> (Director of Policy Outreach and Open Innovation of the Intellectual Property Group at Microsoft) and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/claudia-juech-a2560a/\" data-href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/claudia-juech-a2560a/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Claudia Juech\u003C/a> (Bloomberg Philanthropies). These remarks provided guests with a review of the work that had been done over the past eight weeks and the need for responsible data stewardship in cities around the world. They also introduced breakout sessions for the course participants to present their data re-use projects for advice and feedback.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"51ae\" id=\"51ae\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*hyOTiVs5nlHcKNNt\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"884\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*hyOTiVs5nlHcKNNt\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Stefaan Verhulst providing opening remarks at the Final Showcase event\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"3724\" id=\"3724\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In breakout sessions, attendees could present their work to \u003Ca href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/#team_section\" data-href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/#team_section\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">guest faculty\u003C/a> for the Data Stewards Academy, \u003Ca href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/alumni.html\" data-href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/alumni.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">members of the Data Stewards Society\u003C/a> (alumni from prior Data Stewards Academy courses) and friends of The GovLab, including representatives from the UN Executive Office of the Secretary-General, DataKind, Meta, LinkedIn, Spectus.ai, the City of Timișoara, City of Dubai and Arlington County Government from the US and many others.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d022\" id=\"d022\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Data Re-use Strategy presentations ranged in breadth and scope — from partnerships to facilitate small business growth to improving healthcare effectiveness thanks to data for re-use. Some of these projects include efforts:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"bed4\" id=\"bed4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Leveraging\u003C/strong> private sector waste-management data and citizen-reported data to affect behavioral change towards reducing waste and circular economy efforts\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a6f8\" id=\"a6f8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Understanding\u003C/strong> information demand from small businesses to prioritize open data releases from city government\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8c0c\" id=\"8c0c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Encouraging\u003C/strong> re-use of sustainability indicators for more than compliance reporting across cities\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0519\" id=\"0519\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Applying\u003C/strong> survey data to broader use to support service delivery for those living in informal settlements\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"bf94\" id=\"bf94\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Gathering\u003C/strong> various existing datasets in the service of reducing pedestrian accidents caused by vehicles\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"66d7\" id=\"66d7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Organizing\u003C/strong> existing datasets owned by cities relevant to transitioning to zero waste onto a singular platform and providing support on reporting and progress certification\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f311\" id=\"f311\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Connecting\u003C/strong> aspiring entrepreneurs and existing small businesses in the health sector to information about demand for healthcare services by leveraging data from multiple sources\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"493b\" id=\"493b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">De-siloing\u003C/strong> healthcare data across various sectors and organizations to better understand health trends, disease vectors and healthcare quality\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f321\" id=\"f321\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Developing\u003C/strong> a central repository for labor market data to facilitate collaboration between government agencies\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"532c\" id=\"532c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Opening\u003C/strong> new data sources from the judicial branch of local government, banking and virtual wallet data and social security data to better understand economic abuse and coerced debt in their city\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d265\" id=\"d265\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Exploring\u003C/strong> a geospatial framework and local data resources to support islands’ progress towards the United Nation’s Social Development Goals\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"114e\" id=\"114e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Identifying\u003C/strong> data about single-family home populations in order to develop tactics to reduce living space in the city to help achieve Net Zero by 2040\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3d22\" id=\"3d22\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Engaging\u003C/strong> residents and the local water utility as additional data sources to provide quality assurance on local water quality\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"9936\" id=\"9936\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">In reflecting on the presentations, Gretchen Deo shared that it was impressive to see how the course participants highlighted issues but focused on how they could be overcome, while Stefaan Verhulst lauded the course participants for being data stewards focused on “silo-busting” and for their commitment and focus on social change.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"476f\" id=\"476f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“You’ve committed to making a difference in your societies, data is the vehicle you’ve chosen,” Stefaan Verhulst at the Data Stewards Academy Data Re-Use in Cities Final Showcase event.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"213b\" id=\"213b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Congratulations to our recent graduates for completing the Data Re-Use in Cities Executive Education Course and for sharing their work with The GovLab community:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"87ec\" id=\"87ec\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/ana-carolina-benelli\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/ana-carolina-benelli\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ana Carolina Benelli\u003C/a>, Director,\u003Ca href=\"http://linkeddata.com.br/\" data-href=\"http://linkeddata.com.br/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Linked Data\u003C/a>, Brazil\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"09db\" id=\"09db\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/akaraiskou\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/akaraiskou\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Antigoni Karaiskou\u003C/a>, Senior Sustainability & Physics Engineer,\u003Ca href=\"https://www.burohappold.com/\" data-href=\"https://www.burohappold.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Buro Happold\u003C/a>, United Kingdom\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"22b4\" id=\"22b4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Cleiton Silva, Federal Auditor of Finance and Control, Brazilian Office of the Comptroller General (CGU), Brazil\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1436\" id=\"1436\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Daffodil Santillan, Data Associate,\u003Ca href=\"https://aer.ph/\" data-href=\"https://aer.ph/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Action for Economic Reforms\u003C/a>, Philippines\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d02b\" id=\"d02b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/ernestkwan\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/ernestkwan\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ernest Kwan\u003C/a>, Head of the Data and Analytics Branch, City of Winnipeg Water and Waste Department, Canada\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"98e4\" id=\"98e4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/jbaertschi\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/jbaertschi\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Jonas Bärtschi\u003C/a>, Scientific Researcher,\u003Ca href=\"https://www.bfh.ch/en/\" data-href=\"https://www.bfh.ch/en/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Bern University of Applied Sciences\u003C/a>, Switzerland\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0599\" id=\"0599\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/karimdasuki/\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/karimdasuki/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Karim Hussein Dasuki\u003C/a>, Innovation Cluster Manager,\u003Ca href=\"https://icluster.co/\" data-href=\"https://icluster.co/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> I-Cluster\u003C/a>, Colombia\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a2f3\" id=\"a2f3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/madison-mackley-722420114\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/madison-mackley-722420114\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Madison Mackley\u003C/a>, PhD Student,\u003Ca href=\"https://www.utoronto.ca/\" data-href=\"https://www.utoronto.ca/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> University of Toronto\u003C/a>, Canada\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"72af\" id=\"72af\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/majaha-dlamini-18823056\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/majaha-dlamini-18823056\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Majaha Diamini\u003C/a>, Urban Data Manager,\u003Ca href=\"https://www.sacities.net/\" data-href=\"https://www.sacities.net/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> South African Cities Network\u003C/a>, South Africa\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c72f\" id=\"c72f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Marijana Novak, Data Lead,\u003Ca href=\"https://www.circle-economy.com/\" data-href=\"https://www.circle-economy.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Circle Economy\u003C/a>, Netherlands\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"39ad\" id=\"39ad\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/marisa-miodosky-87ba0b1\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/marisa-miodosky-87ba0b1\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Marisa Miodosky\u003C/a>, Gender Equality Strategy Leader, Buenos Aires City Statistics Bureau, Argentina\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"367f\" id=\"367f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/nyeleti-mahlaule-3b20a3246\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/nyeleti-mahlaule-3b20a3246\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Nyeleti Mahlaule\u003C/a>, Chief Specialist — Knowledge Management, City of Ekurhuleni Metro, South Africa\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7765\" id=\"7765\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/karenomeje\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/karenomeje\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Oluomachukwu Omeje\u003C/a>, Program Manager,\u003Ca href=\"https://nigeriahealthwatch.com/\" data-href=\"https://nigeriahealthwatch.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Nigeria Health Watch\u003C/a>, Nigeria\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c265\" id=\"c265\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/pierre-renault35\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/pierre-renault35\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Pierre Renault\u003C/a>, Data Project Leader — Data Department, Rennes Métropole, France\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"73f6\" id=\"73f6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/ricardomiron\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/ricardomiron\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ricardo Mirón\u003C/a>, Technical Lead, United Nations Development Programme — Digital Public Goods Alliance, Mexico\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e023\" id=\"e023\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Sajid Mahmud, Head of Legal and Privacy Officer, Sensiv Laboratories, Bangladesh\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"beca\" id=\"beca\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/sitharnorbu\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/sitharnorbu\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Sithar Norbu\u003C/a>, Deputy Chief ICT Officer and Researcher, Center for Bhutan and Gross National Happiness Studies, Bhutan\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"82d9\" id=\"82d9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/tanya-gunjan-086795a0\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/tanya-gunjan-086795a0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Tanya Gunjan\u003C/a>, Consultant,\u003Ca href=\"https://www.isdm.org.in/\" data-href=\"https://www.isdm.org.in/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Indian School of Development Management\u003C/a>, Germany\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cfigure name=\"02a9\" id=\"02a9\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*J4cYG2QwkBB30ckV\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"667\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*J4cYG2QwkBB30ckV\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Presentation by course participant Antigoni Karaiskou during a breakout session at the Final Event\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"1af1\" id=\"1af1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">***\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"470e\" id=\"470e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">To learn more about the course, see the \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/academy/data-reuse-strategy/syllabus-2021/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/academy/data-reuse-strategy/syllabus-2021/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">self-directed resource \u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">available publicly on the Open Data Policy Lab website.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9742\" id=\"9742\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">If you are interested in learning more about these opportunities, be sure to \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=bc6d09925f\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=bc6d09925f\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">sign up for the Data Stewards Network Newsletter\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> where you can learn more about the Academy’s future course offerings and receive alerts when applications for additional cohorts open in the future.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/data-stewardship-for-cities-in-practice-data-stewards-academy-graduates-present-data-re-use",{"title":1141,"description":1144},"data-stewardship-for-cities-in-practice-data-stewards-academy-graduates-present-data-re-use","blogposts/data-stewardship-for-cities-in-practice-data-stewards-academy-graduates-present-data-re-use","4zMtFYtgeTPKeg-cvxTCZ5HHaWbfa9wcvxqF0OYlNFo",{"id":1154,"title":1155,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1156,"body":34,"category":44,"date":1157,"description":1158,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1155,"image":1159,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1160,"meta":1161,"navigation":15,"path":1162,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1163,"slug":1164,"startTime":34,"stem":1165,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1166},"blogposts/blogposts/govlab-summer-readings-a-review-of-major-publications-from-2023.json","GovLab Summer Readings: A Review of Major Publications from 2023",[],"2023-07-18T18:01:44","It's July once again, and, many people in the Northern Hemisphere, are seeking a break from the daily grind and seeking for readings to...","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*gAzvl2_wYalpbT8p","\n\u003Csection name=\"eaac\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"08ee\" id=\"08ee\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">GovLab Summer Readings: A Review of Major Publications from 2023\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"4e8a\" id=\"4e8a\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*gAzvl2_wYalpbT8p\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"667\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*gAzvl2_wYalpbT8p\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Cover image by \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/@yanneskiefer\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/@yanneskiefer\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Yannes Kiefer\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\"> | Unsplash is licensed under CC0.\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"5987\" id=\"5987\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">It’s July once again, and, many people in the Northern Hemisphere are seeking a break from the daily grind and seeking for readings to stay up to date and refresh their knowledge.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8286\" id=\"8286\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In this blog post, we hope to provide those taking vacation with a collection of some of our most recent literature — which covers COVID-19, artificial intelligence, open data, and innovation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2e08\" id=\"2e08\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Those seeking more can find additional content of potential interest in the \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Living Library\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"4497\" id=\"4497\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Papers and Reports\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"1223\" id=\"1223\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Ca href=\"https://review.data4covid19.org/\" data-href=\"https://review.data4covid19.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Data4COVID19 Review: Assessing the Use of Non-Traditional Data During a Pandemic Crisis\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Hannah Chafetz, Andrew J. Zahuranec, Sara Marcucci, Behruz Davletov, and Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fce7\" id=\"fce7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">With support from the Knight Foundation, The GovLab’s Hannah Chafetz, Andrew J. Zahuranec, Sara Marcucci, Behruz Davletov, and Stefaan Verhulst conducted year-long research on “if and how non-traditional data was used during the different waves of the COVID-19 pandemic and to provide guidance for how future data systems may be more effectively employed in future dynamic crises.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0caf\" id=\"0caf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Make sure to check out the \u003Ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6228efe9bbdd294f0d98edfe/t/6361b53bd7cff8433cae6780/1667347780763/Data4COVID19+Review_Full+Report_31.10.22.pdf\" data-href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6228efe9bbdd294f0d98edfe/t/6361b53bd7cff8433cae6780/1667347780763/Data4COVID19+Review_Full+Report_31.10.22.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">full report\u003C/a> and the two primers on “\u003Ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6228efe9bbdd294f0d98edfe/t/638e6e0ea652fc3e1079d1d4/1670278671228/What+is+non-traditional+data_+11.30+%281%29.pdf\" data-href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6228efe9bbdd294f0d98edfe/t/638e6e0ea652fc3e1079d1d4/1670278671228/What+is+non-traditional+data_+11.30+%281%29.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">What is Non-Traditional Data?\u003C/a>” and “\u003Ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6228efe9bbdd294f0d98edfe/t/6390eb481573755e3821e18d/1670441800478/Learnings+From+COVID-19+11.30+%281%29.pdf\" data-href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6228efe9bbdd294f0d98edfe/t/6390eb481573755e3821e18d/1670441800478/Learnings+From+COVID-19+11.30+%281%29.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Lessons from COVID-19\u003C/a>.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"10e1\" id=\"10e1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/case-study-data-collaborative-case-study-nyc-recovery-data-partnership/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/case-study-data-collaborative-case-study-nyc-recovery-data-partnership/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data Collaborative Case Study: NYC Recovery Data Partnership\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Andrew J. Zahuranec\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c411\" id=\"c411\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In March, the Open Data Policy Lab published a new report exploring an innovative approach to data collaboration: The New York Recovery Data Partnership. Launched amid the COVID-19 pandemic, the initiative gave city agencies access to non-traditional data — data that is digitally captured, mediated or observed using new instrumentation mechanisms, often privately held and used for purposes unrelated to its initial collection — to respond to the crisis. The case study examines how cities can establish trusted intermediaries to facilitate innovative research and policymaking.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"93e7\" id=\"93e7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4284013\" data-href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4284013\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">AI Localism in Practice: Examining How Cities Govern AI\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Sara Marcucci, Uma Kalkar, and Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cac4\" id=\"cac4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The rapid growth of cities and advances in data has led to the growing adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) and other automated systems in cities across the world. In fact, research shows that cities and states are leading the charge in developing governance frameworks and implementing policies at a quicker, more direct, and more impactful level than their national counterparts because of the “immediacy and proximity” of policy needs and responses. Yet the expanded use of AI by municipalities raises new questions about what constitutes appropriate and ethical use of the technology and their governance models.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5f60\" id=\"5f60\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This report aims to serve as a primer for policymakers and practitioners to learn about current governance practices and inspire their own work in the field. In this report, we present the fundamentals of AI governance, the value proposition of such initiatives, and their application in cities worldwide to identify themes among city- and state-led governance actions. We close with ten lessons on AI Localism for policymakers, data, AI experts, and the informed public to keep in mind as cities grow increasingly “smarter.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8840\" id=\"8840\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.13731\" data-href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.13731\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Mapping and Comparing Data Governance Frameworks: A benchmarking exercise to inform global data governance deliberations\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Sara Marcucci, Natalia Gonzalez Alarcon, Stefaan G. Verhulst, and Elena Wullhorst\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"59b6\" id=\"59b6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Earlier this year, the United Nations System Chief Executives Board for Coordination endorsed “\u003Ca href=\"https://unsceb.org/international-data-governance-pathways-progress\" data-href=\"https://unsceb.org/international-data-governance-pathways-progress\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">International Data Governance — Pathways to Progress\u003C/a>”, a paper developed through the High-level Committee on Programmes (HLCP) Working Group on International Data Governance. The document “articulates a vision for the governance of data at the international level and its annexes can serve as an analytical resource to support Member States’ efforts.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3b56\" id=\"3b56\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To inform HCLP, The GovLab developed a paper on “\u003Ca href=\"https://unsceb.org/sites/default/files/2023-05/Annex%201%20-%20Mapping%20and%20Comparing%20Data%20Governance%20Frameworks.pdf\" data-href=\"https://unsceb.org/sites/default/files/2023-05/Annex%201%20-%20Mapping%20and%20Comparing%20Data%20Governance%20Frameworks.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Mapping and Comparing Data Governance Frameworks — A benchmarking exercise to inform global data governance deliberations.\u003C/a>” (Sara Marcucci, Natalia González Alarcón, Stefaan G. Verhulst, and Elena Wüllhorst) which was also released simultaneously. As the title suggests, this annex compares patterns in the data governance ecosystem as a means of highlighting the need for a more holistic, coordinated, transnational approach to data governance to manage the global flow of data in the public interest. It makes several recommendations to data practitioners, including embracing data stewardship, focusing on responsible re-use, harmonizing terms, and developing broad frameworks to anchor work.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"d4b1\" id=\"d4b1\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Tools and Training\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"e683\" id=\"e683\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Ca href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/ODPLTool_ProblemDefinition.pdf\" data-href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/ODPLTool_ProblemDefinition.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">How to Master the Practice of Defining Problems: Problem Definition Tool\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Andrew J. Zahuranec, Stefaan Verhulst, and Andrew Young\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6670\" id=\"6670\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">What does it take to address a public problem leveraging data? The first step is defining what the problem is. Yesterday, The Open Data Policy Lab released its latest resource to help data practitioners better define their problems: “How to Master the Practice of Defining Problems: Problem Definition Tool.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"358c\" id=\"358c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Derived from a model developed through years of practice, this tool guides practitioners through different stages to ensure that the work they conduct is as actionable as possible. It offers guidance, brainstorming exercises, and supplementary resources. Individuals can use the tool to document a problem; clarify it; map the topic area; articulate a problem question, and develop a theory of change.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a018\" id=\"a018\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://repository.opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://repository.opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The State of Open Data Policy Repository\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5dbd\" id=\"5dbd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In January, the Open Data Policy Lab launched the State of Open Data Policy Repository, a collection of recent policy developments surrounding open data, data reuse, and data collaboration around the world.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ec5f\" id=\"ec5f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A refinement of compilation of policies launched at the Open Data Policy Summit last year, the State of Open Data Policy Online Repository is an interactive resource that looks at recent legislation, directives, and proposals that affect open data and data collaboration all around the world. It captures what kinds of data collaboration issues policy makers are currently focused on and where the momentum for data innovation is heading in countries around the world. Users can filter policies according to region, country, focus and type of data sharing. The review currently has roughly 60 entries.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e1af\" id=\"e1af\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://directus.thegovlab.com/uploads/odpl_course/originals/2a20c8c7-8eac-4e8b-a5aa-1847a7e1ba94.pdf\" data-href=\"https://directus.thegovlab.com/uploads/odpl_course/originals/2a20c8c7-8eac-4e8b-a5aa-1847a7e1ba94.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The 9Rs Framework: A Worksheet for Establishing the Business Case for Data Collaboration and Re-Using Data in the Public Interest\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Lisa Talia Moretti, Andrew J. Zahuranec, and Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"80f0\" id=\"80f0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Understanding that institutions need a strong business case for opening their datasets, the 9Rs Framework provides a tool to help organizations understand and articulate the benefits that data collaboration can bring. Drawing on research and interviews with experts across sectors, the team has developed an evidence-based model for identifying why an organization might open its data and the benefits it can yield, whether that be in producing Knowledge and Insights, Improving Brand Equity, or Establishing a License to Operate.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2fe6\" id=\"2fe6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/learning/global-data-stewardship\" data-href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/learning/global-data-stewardship\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">LinkedIn Learning: Global Data Stewardship\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"248a\" id=\"248a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">On 4 May 2023, LinkedIn Learning released a course produced by The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst titled “Global Data Stewardship.” Through several modules that include short video lectures, chapter quizzes, and recommended readings, students can learn all the essential elements for serving as a data steward and managing data reuse initiatives. They can also get tips on designing and implementing the data collaboration models, governance frameworks, and infrastructure needed to exchange data responsibly, sustainably, and effectively.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"542b\" id=\"542b\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Event Summaries:\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"0795\" id=\"0795\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/unleashing-the-potential-of-digital-self-determination-4b858f6d6522\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/unleashing-the-potential-of-digital-self-determination-4b858f6d6522\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Unleashing the Potential of Digital Self-Determination\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Natalia González Alarcón and Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3e1b\" id=\"3e1b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The blog summarizes a panel discussion that took place on June 20th as part of the International Network on Digital Self-Determination at OGR Torino, an innovation and art hub in Turin, Italy. The panelists examined the digital self-determination principle, emphasizing its ability to empower individuals, communities, and entities, foster transparency and accountability, promote digital inclusion, and address ethical concerns surrounding emerging technologies. The conversation explored various use cases where the principle of digital self-determination enables individuals and communities to navigate the complex digital landscape while safeguarding their agency and protecting their fundamental rights. The blog explores practical approaches for implementing this concept.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1056\" id=\"1056\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/new-publication-destination-care-blocks/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/new-publication-destination-care-blocks/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Destination? Care Blocks!\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Natalia González Alarcón, Hannah Chafetz, Diana Rodríguez Franco, Uma Kalkar, Bapu Vaitla, and Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b47d\" id=\"b47d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Destination? Care Blocks!” summarizes the proceedings of two recent studio workshops focused on creating a new data collaborative that addresses mobility-related issues affecting the use of Care Blocks in the City of Bogotá. The discussion yielded several critical questions on how the journey to Care Blocks is experienced; what the different modes of transportation used to reach Care Blocks are; how different Care Blocks are experienced; and what the relationship between access to mobility and access to services is.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d9c9\" id=\"d9c9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/event-an-action-plan-towards-a-new-deal-on-data-in-africa/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/event-an-action-plan-towards-a-new-deal-on-data-in-africa/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">An Action Plan Towards a “New Deal on Data” in Africa\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Andrew Zahuranec, Stefaan Verhulst, Sampriti Saxena, Adrienne Schmoeker, Hannah Chafetz, Charlie Martial Ngounou\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8aac\" id=\"8aac\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This blog provides the summary of an action plan, developed in coordination with AfroLeadership and over 30 leaders from across Africa, to advance open data and data collaboration in Africa through policy. Though the partners discussed many issues, individuals honed in on four key takeaways, including developing a “New Deal” Observatory to take stock of current policies; developing a community-led platform to advance data stewardship across communities; fostering “New Deal” investments to support locally sourced solutions; and drafting a responsible data stewardship framework.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d1fc\" id=\"d1fc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/event-moving-towards-a-new-deal-on-data-for-africa/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/event-moving-towards-a-new-deal-on-data-for-africa/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Moving towards a “New Deal on Data” for Africa\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Hannah Chafetz, Andrew Zahuranec, Stefaan Verhulst, Sampriti Saxena, Adrienne Schmoeker, Charlie Martial Ngounou\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3c2e\" id=\"3c2e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In May, Hannah Chafetz, Andrew Zahuranec, Stefaan Verhulst, Sampriti Saxena, Adrienne Schmoeker, and Charlie Martial Ngounou provided a summary of the first of two Open Data Action Labs on advancing open data and data collaboration across Africa. The summary relates the event’s discussions on the state of play in terms of policies, frameworks, and strategies and then describes participants’ recommendations to increase supply, better cultivate demand, align incentives, accelerate implementation, and advance coordination.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0ef1\" id=\"0ef1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/generative-ai-and-the-fourth-wave-of-open-data-cdc92ca3b390\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/generative-ai-and-the-fourth-wave-of-open-data-cdc92ca3b390\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Toward a Fourth Wave of Open Data?\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Stefaan G. Verhulst, Andrew J. Zahuranec, Sampriti Saxena, Adrienne Schmoeker, and Hannah Chafetz\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"94d7\" id=\"94d7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In June, we published “Toward a Fourth Wave of Open Data,” which summarizes the outcomes of a panel conversation between Stefaan Verhulst (The GovLab), Oliver Wise (US Department of Commerce), Holly Krambeck (World Bank DataLab), Hubert Beroche (Urban AI), and Sonia Cooper (Microsoft).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b2ce\" id=\"b2ce\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The conversation provided several insights about the value of generative AI for open data. Oliver Wise, for example, noted how generative AI could make open data more accessible and democratize insights, but that using it on incomplete or low quality datasets could produce misinformation. Holly Krambeck similarly noted how generative AI tools could be used to bridge the skill gap between coders and non-coders while Hubert Beroche focused on how AI tools to help cities. Sonia Cooper, finally, described how Microsoft was examining how generative AI could make it easier to discover, process, and analyze data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6f3f\" id=\"6f3f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/event-highlights-from-panel-on-civic-trust-for-nyc-open-data-week/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/event-highlights-from-panel-on-civic-trust-for-nyc-open-data-week/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Highlights from Panel on Civic Trust for NYC Open Data Week\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Andrew J. Zahuranec\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"33f9\" id=\"33f9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This piece summarizes several major points from a panel hosted by The GovLab, Center for Urban Science + Progress, and NYC Civic Engagement Commission on the ways that civic trust can be used to both measure and facilitate civic trust.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"29fa\" id=\"29fa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The piece includes remarks from the various panelists, including Stefaan Verhulst (The GovLab), Elena Krumova (Columbia University), Maia Woluchem (Surveillance Resistance Labs), Alli Finn (Surveillance Resistance Labs), Oscar Romero (NYC Civic Engagement Commission), and Betsy MacLean (NYC Chief Engagement Officer). They describe their own views on what civic trust is, ways to meaningfully engage people, and the value that open data can provide to society.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dccf\" id=\"dccf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/an-agenda-for-advancing-trusted-data-collaboration-in-cities-222d4889b16a\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/an-agenda-for-advancing-trusted-data-collaboration-in-cities-222d4889b16a\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">An agenda for advancing trusted data collaboration in cities\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Hannah Chafetz\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4cb0\" id=\"4cb0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In March, The GovLab’s Hannah Chafetz, Sampriti Saxena, Adrienne Schmoeker, Stefaan G. Verhulst, and Andrew J. Zahuranec published a blog summarizing key takeaways from its Open Data Action Lab on accelerating data collaborations in cities.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c247\" id=\"c247\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“An agenda for advancing trusted data collaboration in cities” describes several pathways emerging from an action lab on data-sharing agreements that The Open Data Policy Lab and TrustRelay might pursue, including developing Elements of Principled Negotiation, Data Responsibility Principles by Design, a readiness matrix for data collaboration, a decision provenance approach for data collaboration a revision to the Contractual Wheel of Data Collaboration, and a repository of legal drafting technologies.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ce0b\" id=\"ce0b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/event-open-data-action-lab-data-sharing-agreements-for-smart-cities/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/event-open-data-action-lab-data-sharing-agreements-for-smart-cities/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Open Data Action Lab: Data Sharing Agreements for Smart Cities\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Hannah Chafetz\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ca85\" id=\"ca85\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In February, Hannah Chafetz summarized the results of the Open Data Policy Lab’s first Open Data Action Lab on accelerating data collaborations in cities by removing obstacles to data-sharing agreements. It describes how the event fed into a topic map and articulates key takeaways on the need for guidance on how negotiations should take place, the need for clearer incentives, the need for additional governance tools to define context, and the need for stakeholder management processes.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c688\" id=\"c688\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/diverse-approaches-to-applying-ethics-to-ai-524f855189a2\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/diverse-approaches-to-applying-ethics-to-ai-524f855189a2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Diverse Approaches to Applying Ethics to AI\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Sampriti Saxena\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7559\" id=\"7559\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In March, Sampriti Saxena summarized recent conversations happening through the AI Ethics: Global Perspectives course. The blog details discussions between Amana Raquib (Institute of Business Administration Karachi), Marta Galceran (Barcelona Centre for International Affairs), Viviana Polisena (Catholic University of Cordoba), and Yip Fai Tse (Princeton University). Their conversation touched on virtues-based approaches to ethical technologies; the challenges and opportunities of urban ethical AI; and the intersection of humans, nature, and technology.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c53f\" id=\"c53f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/accelerating-valuable-accessible-responsible-data-eb8401d8ecc4\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/accelerating-valuable-accessible-responsible-data-eb8401d8ecc4\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Accelerating Valuable, Accessible, & Responsible Data\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Natalia González Alarcón, Uma Kalkar, Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e872\" id=\"e872\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In January, Natalia González Alarcón, Uma Kalkar and Stefaan Verhulst published their takeaways from conversations with the Innovation for Citizens Services division of the Inter-American Development Bank and a coalition of multisectoral experts. Summarizing the results of two panels, one from a public sector perspective, and one with a private sector outlook, it reveals the participants’ attitudes toward government data flows, the ways regulatory frameworks can enable use and innovation of data, the ways leadership is essential to sustaining data strategies, and more. The blog was also published in \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/c%C3%B3mo-promover-datos-valiosos-accesibles-y-responsables-1b0853b8278e\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/c%C3%B3mo-promover-datos-valiosos-accesibles-y-responsables-1b0853b8278e\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">Spanish\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"31d7\" id=\"31d7\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Blogs and Articles\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"5dc7\" id=\"5dc7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/congrats-to-the-next-generation-of-data-stewards-who-completed-the-data-re-use-in-cities-course-957f991fec48\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/congrats-to-the-next-generation-of-data-stewards-who-completed-the-data-re-use-in-cities-course-957f991fec48\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Congrats to the Next Generation of Data Stewards who completed the Data Re-use in Cities Course!\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ea46\" id=\"ea46\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This blog celebrates the participants in the Open Data Policy Lab’s latest Executive Education course. Over the past eight weeks, city data leaders from around the world have learned about the theories and tools they need to develop a responsible, sustainable, and systematic data re-use strategy. It describes how participants were able to explore ways to establish data collaboratives that could improve their cities and identify new ways to institutionalize data stewardship. It notes that all participating leaders have the opportunity to present what they’ve learned at a showcase event.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a9e8\" id=\"a9e8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/new-publication-an-introduction-to-the-responsible-data-for-children-principles/index.html\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/new-publication-an-introduction-to-the-responsible-data-for-children-principles/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">An Introduction to the Responsible Data for Children Principles\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Andrew J. Zahuranec\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"36e0\" id=\"36e0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This blog notes the complexity of the children’s data ecosystem and the urgent need for additional guidance for how organizations can be responsible with children’s data. To address this gap, RD4C will spend the next few week publishing short blogs describing each of the RD4C principles and how they can be realized. These pieces will include a real-world example and provide readers with a tool or resource they can use to pursue the principle in their own work.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fe66\" id=\"fe66\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/new-publication-why-responsible-data-for-children-is-different-from-other-data-governance-approaches/index.html\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/new-publication-why-responsible-data-for-children-is-different-from-other-data-governance-approaches/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Responsible Data for Children Is Different from Other Data Governance Approaches\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Andrew J. Zahuranec, Stefaan Verhulst, Eugenia Olliaro, Friederike Schuur\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1d99\" id=\"1d99\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The piece describes the overall value proposition of the Responsible Data for Children initiative and the unique opportunities it presents to collaborators. It describes the ways in which organizations who have adopted the RD4C approach see it as being principled yet flexible; accountability-focused; approachable; educational; and aspirational.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9787\" id=\"9787\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/actualizing-digital-self-determination-from-theory-to-practice-d950478b639e\" data-href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/actualizing-digital-self-determination-from-theory-to-practice-d950478b639e\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Actualizing Digital Self Determination: From Theory to Practice\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d985\" id=\"d985\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">On Medium, The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst published a blog titled, “\u003Ca href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/actualizing-digital-self-determination-from-theory-to-practice-d950478b639e\" data-href=\"https://sverhulst.medium.com/actualizing-digital-self-determination-from-theory-to-practice-d950478b639e\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Actualizing Digital Self Determination: From Theory to Practice\u003C/a>.” The blog describes how datafication has introduced imbalances, agency asymmetries, and silos that limit the potential of data. He then describes how these issues can be addressed by operationalizing digital self-determination and describes four major themes of a recent paper he wrote on the topic, including emphasizing the value of open data and data collaboration; understanding the limitations of informed consent; articulating a new principle of self-determination; and translating theoretical concepts into practice.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2b5a\" id=\"2b5a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.alliancemagazine.org/analysis/modernizing-philanthropy-for-the-21st-century/\" data-href=\"https://www.alliancemagazine.org/analysis/modernizing-philanthropy-for-the-21st-century/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Modernizing philanthropy for the 21st century\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Stefaan G. Verhulst, Lisa T. Moretti, Hannah Chafetz and Alex Fischer\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1678\" id=\"1678\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Alliance Magazine, \u003C/em>Stefaan G. Verhulst, Lisa T. Moretti, Hannah Chafetz and Alex Fischer wrote a piece titled, “\u003Ca href=\"https://www.alliancemagazine.org/analysis/modernizing-philanthropy-for-the-21st-century/\" data-href=\"https://www.alliancemagazine.org/analysis/modernizing-philanthropy-for-the-21st-century/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Modernizing philanthropy for the 21st century\u003C/a>.” The article asks how philanthropies can “ move in a more deliberate yet responsible manner toward using data to advance their goals.” It provides an overview of existing and potential qualitative and quantitative data innovations within the philanthropy sector and examines four specific areas where additional innovation is needed, including:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"4009\" id=\"4009\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Innovation in identifying shared questions and overlapping priorities;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9e07\" id=\"9e07\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Innovation in improving coordination and transparency across sectors;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"bb64\" id=\"bb64\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Innovation in financing to reduce reliance on fixed-project-based funding; and\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ea1b\" id=\"ea1b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Innovation in impact assessment and accountability to help philanthropies.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"4f4a\" id=\"4f4a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">The team acknowledges that data alone cannot address these shortcomings and that true innovation needs a variety of human, institutional, and cultural changes. It subsequently arrives at eight pathways for data-driven innovations in philanthropy. This effort is part of The GovLab’s work with the Paul Ramsay Foundation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"08a7\" id=\"08a7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/wanted-data-stewards-drafting-the-job-specs-for-a-re-imagined-data-stewardship-role-f7cd28a83379\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/wanted-data-stewards-drafting-the-job-specs-for-a-re-imagined-data-stewardship-role-f7cd28a83379\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Wanted: Data Stewards — Drafting the Job Specs for A Re-imagined Data Stewardship Role\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ac0f\" id=\"ac0f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In March, Stefaan Verhulst published a new piece on the Data Stewards Network site titled, “Wanted: Data Stewards — Drafting the Job Specs for A Re-imagined Data Stewardship Role.” The piece notes how, with rapid datafication, the need for data stewards is becoming more important every day. However, there is still much confusion about what the position’s required competencies are, what skills are needed, and what the job specifications should be.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c137\" id=\"c137\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">With that in mind, Stefaan provides a job description for data stewards, outlining the responsibilities, skills, and behaviors of a data steward below. Such a job description may not only help organizations create formal data steward roles internally and recruit externally, but it will also help aspiring data stewards seek out the relevant training and opportunities for them to strengthen their skillset.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a7c7\" id=\"a7c7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/our-five-conjectures-to-explore-in-2023-as-they-relate-to-data-for-good-d603a13c967\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/our-five-conjectures-to-explore-in-2023-as-they-relate-to-data-for-good-d603a13c967\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Our Five Conjectures to Explore in 2023 as They Relate to Data for Good\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Hannah Chafetz, Uma Kalkar, Marine Ragnet, Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"913e\" id=\"913e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">In January to kick off the year, Hannah Chafetz, Uma Kalkar, Marine Ragnet, Stefaan Verhulst published “Our Five Conjectures to Explore in 2023 as They Relate to Data for Good.” Taking stock of recent data and technology trends, it offers some conjectures related to non-traditional data use, data openness, social licenses, and adaptive and generative AI and some ideas about how these ideas may play out over the next year.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/govlab-summer-readings-a-review-of-major-publications-from-2023",{"title":1155,"description":1158},"govlab-summer-readings-a-review-of-major-publications-from-2023","blogposts/govlab-summer-readings-a-review-of-major-publications-from-2023","KJ8Sy5dKfD_QLXUQd3ixP6CN1EXNEocmA4nWHJeVGf0",{"id":1168,"title":1169,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1170,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1171,"description":1172,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1169,"image":1173,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1174,"meta":1175,"navigation":15,"path":1176,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1177,"slug":1178,"startTime":34,"stem":1179,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1180},"blogposts/blogposts/congrats-to-the-next-generation-of-data-stewards-who-completed-the-data-re-use-in-cities-course.json","Congrats to the Next Generation of Data Stewards who completed the Data Re-use in Cities Course!",[],"2023-07-11T13:27:20","Congrats to the latest cohort of rising data leaders in cities who completed their final week of sessions at the Data Stewards Academy…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*mMsuXikORoEoIB2i","\n\u003Csection name=\"e524\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"49ba\" id=\"49ba\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Congrats to the Next Generation of Data Stewards who completed the Data Re-use in Cities Course!\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"f917\" id=\"f917\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Congrats to the latest cohort of rising data leaders in cities who completed their final week of sessions at the Data Stewards Academy. This summer marked our fourth iteration of the Data Stewards Academy Executive Education Course, with this group focused on the re-use of data for cities to solve public problems.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"44a3\" id=\"44a3\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*mMsuXikORoEoIB2i\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"647\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*mMsuXikORoEoIB2i\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">The Data Stewards Academy Data Re-Use in Cities Cohort\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"fb38\" id=\"fb38\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Building on a Foundation of Theory\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8313\" id=\"8313\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Over the course of our Executive Education course spanning eight weeks, we covered the following topics:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"34be\" id=\"34be\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Week 1: Foundations of Data for Social Impact\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ecc9\" id=\"ecc9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Week 2: Defining Data Stewardship\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d0a1\" id=\"d0a1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Week 3: Defining Demand\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"acce\" id=\"acce\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Week 4: Mapping Supply\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c987\" id=\"c987\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Week 5: Establishing The Value Proposition\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7f93\" id=\"7f93\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Week 6: Matching Demand and Supply\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"69bb\" id=\"69bb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Week 7: Measuring Impact\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9a76\" id=\"9a76\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Week 8: Institutionalizing Data Re-Use\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"1aa9\" id=\"1aa9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">In the first five weeks of the course, we introduced data stewards to the theories and tools they need to develop a responsible, sustainable, and systematic data re-use strategy (\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/odpl-course-data-stewards-academy-data-re-use-in-cities-course-underway/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/odpl-course-data-stewards-academy-data-re-use-in-cities-course-underway/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">read more here\u003C/a>). In the last three weeks of the course, we built on this foundation to explore different approaches to establishing data collaboratives in practice and institutionalizing data stewardship. Cohort participants also worked to refine their data re-use strategies through their take-home assignments.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"00fb\" id=\"00fb\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*fKL37IG4zjl01KkA\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"641\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*fKL37IG4zjl01KkA\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"69da\" id=\"69da\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Guest lecturer Jessica Summers, Strategic Planning and Monitoring, Office of the Secretary-General, United Nations, presenting to the Data Stewards Academy Data Re-Use in Cities Course in Week 8\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c1d6\" id=\"c1d6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Learning from the Field\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"06ee\" id=\"06ee\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As a complement to the theoretical frameworks shared, we continued in the last three weeks of the course to host field visits to established and emerging data collaboratives in the field. We had the opportunity to unpack different methods of assessing impact, and to learn from key actors engaged in fostering data stewardship within their organizations.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d718\" id=\"d718\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">These visits and learning experiences were made possible through the generosity of our guest lecturers. We’re grateful to all of our expert faculty from Weeks 6, 7 and 8 of the course for sharing their time and insights with us:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"b72c\" id=\"b72c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Casey Weston, Senior Manager, Public Policy and Economic Graph, LinkedIn\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7b15\" id=\"7b15\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Peter Rabley, Co-Founder & Managing Partner, PLACE\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1104\" id=\"1104\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Jacqueline Lu, President & Co-Founder, Helpful Places\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"63ee\" id=\"63ee\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Bapu Vaitla, Digital Data Fellow, Data2X\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3507\" id=\"3507\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Andrew Collinge, Strategic Advisor, Digital Dubai\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7c91\" id=\"7c91\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Inder Gopal, CEO, Indian Urban Data Exchange (IUDX)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5bb9\" id=\"5bb9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Alison Paprica, Adjunct Professor & Senior Fellow, University of Toronto Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b5fd\" id=\"b5fd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Jessica Summers, Planning Officer, Data Analyst & Digital Solutions Architect, Strategic Planning and Monitoring, Office of the Secretary-General, United Nations\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cfigure name=\"ce41\" id=\"ce41\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*kUJ0CkATOdAFvBRT\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"638\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*kUJ0CkATOdAFvBRT\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"17d7\" id=\"17d7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Celebrating our Cohort\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d8f5\" id=\"d8f5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As we mark the end of the Data Re-Use in Cities course, we’d like to congratulate and thank each member of this amazing cohort! We were lucky to have the opportunity to work closely with this group of data stewards from around the world to learn more about how each of them approaches data re-use in their unique city contexts.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3dc5\" id=\"3dc5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">From sharing different data maturity evaluation strategies to exploring the close connection between data and sustainability to exchanging lessons from building global partnerships, this cohort was eager to share their vast experience with one another to promote a culture of shared learning and collective growth. These lessons complemented the foundational course material to enrich the group’s understanding and enhance the applicability of our lessons.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e43c\" id=\"e43c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">While our course sessions have drawn to a close, we are looking forward to our final showcase event in July, where each participant will have the chance to present the data re-use strategy they’ve been developing throughout the course to a jury of fellow course participants, program alumni, guest faculty and experts in the field. We are excited to see how they bring together their learnings from the course with real-world use cases from their cities.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"db9a\" id=\"db9a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">***\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"007e\" id=\"007e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">To learn more about the course, see the \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/academy/data-reuse-strategy/syllabus-2021/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/academy/data-reuse-strategy/syllabus-2021/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">self-directed resource \u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">available publicly on the Open Data Policy Lab website.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fbc3\" id=\"fbc3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">If you are interested in learning more about these opportunities, be sure to \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=bc6d09925f\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=bc6d09925f\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">sign up for the Data Stewards Network Newsletter\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> where you can learn more about the Academy’s future course offerings and receive alerts when applications for additional cohorts open in the future.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/congrats-to-the-next-generation-of-data-stewards-who-completed-the-data-re-use-in-cities-course",{"title":1169,"description":1172},"congrats-to-the-next-generation-of-data-stewards-who-completed-the-data-re-use-in-cities-course","blogposts/congrats-to-the-next-generation-of-data-stewards-who-completed-the-data-re-use-in-cities-course","yaOU6LatZFnt0DrFHCyb3j0gHCEkstwLXzi7G-_TL0w",{"id":1182,"title":1183,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1184,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1185,"description":1186,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1183,"image":1187,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1188,"meta":1189,"navigation":15,"path":1190,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1191,"slug":1192,"startTime":34,"stem":1193,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1194},"blogposts/blogposts/toward-a-fourth-wave-of-open-data.json","Toward a Fourth Wave of Open Data?",[],"2023-06-05T13:33:38","Understanding how we can use generative AI for open data and how open data can inform generative AI","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*7kYsaVCl_xi4wlh_umdYkA.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"0ce8\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"b237\" id=\"b237\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Toward a Fourth Wave of Open Data?\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"2864\" id=\"2864\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Understanding how we can use generative AI for open data and how open data can inform generative AI\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"3a66\" id=\"3a66\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*7kYsaVCl_xi4wlh_umdYkA.jpeg\" data-width=\"2160\" data-height=\"1080\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*7kYsaVCl_xi4wlh_umdYkA.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"e1b7\" id=\"e1b7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">By: Stefaan G. Verhulst, Andrew J. Zahuranec, Sampriti Saxena, Adrienne Schmoeker, and Hannah Chafetz\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3f8d\" id=\"3f8d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Generative AI tools such as ChatGPT, Bard, and Claude have attracted enormous attention. Yet, questions remain about whether these tools can support existing open data and Data for Good programs. How can generative AI help people better interface with open data? How can open data inform generative AI? How can we address the many risks and challenges facing these systems?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8c14\" id=\"8c14\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">On May 17, 2023, the \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/a> (a collaboration between \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab\u003C/a> and Microsoft) hosted a first-ever discussion on the intersections between generative AI and open data and the ways in which generative AI could alter our existing conception of a \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">third wave of open data\u003C/a>. Specifically, we aimed to answer the following questions:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"446d\" id=\"446d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">How can generative AI facilitate new ways of engaging with open data?\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"330b\" id=\"330b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">What approaches can we adopt to promote responsible use of generative AI systems and open data?\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d209\" id=\"d209\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Will generative AI enable a Fourth Wave of Open Data?\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"3ced\" id=\"3ced\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">We brought together panelists with a variety of experiences with AI and open data, including:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"d491\" id=\"d491\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.org/stefaan-verhulst.html\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.org/stefaan-verhulst.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>, Co-Founder and Chief Research and Development Officer, The GovLab (Moderator)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d791\" id=\"d791\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.commerce.gov/about/leadership/oliver-wise\" data-href=\"https://www.commerce.gov/about/leadership/oliver-wise\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Oliver Wise\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>, Chief Data Officer, US Department of Commerce\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3822\" id=\"3822\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.worldbank.org/en/about/people/h/holly-krambeck\" data-href=\"https://www.worldbank.org/en/about/people/h/holly-krambeck\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Holly Krambeck\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>, Program Manager, World Bank Data Lab\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3974\" id=\"3974\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/hubert-beroche-510b95149/\" data-href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/hubert-beroche-510b95149/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Hubert Beroche\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>, Founder, Urban AI\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e475\" id=\"e475\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/sonia-cooper-5b362969/?originalSubdomain=uk\" data-href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/sonia-cooper-5b362969/?originalSubdomain=uk\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Sonia Cooper\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>, Assistant General Counsel, Microsoft\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"a7ff\" id=\"a7ff\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">In what follows we provide several takeaways from the discussion as well as a set of actions to help advance responsible generative AI use for open data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"446c\" id=\"446c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Panel Discussion\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"afe4\" id=\"afe4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The panelists provided several insights about the value propositions of generative AI for open data, key use cases, and areas of concern. Below we provide a few of the insights that stood out most.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"b319\" id=\"b319\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Oliver Wise spoke to the opportunities and risks of using generative AI within the public sector. Wise explained that Generative AI provides a simple and intuitive interface that can help make open data more accessible and democratize insights. However, using generative AI on incomplete/low quality datasets could produce misinformation–which could impact trust in institutions. In order to promote a fourth wave of open data amongst institutions, Wise expressed the need for ​​machine-interpretable data with metadata and models that would enable AI tools.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"546d\" id=\"546d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Holly Krambeck discussed how generative AI tools can be used to bridge the skill gap between coders and non-coders. Krambeck explained that it can help lower collaboration barriers and increase opportunities for new stakeholders to get involved in data related processes. Additionally, Krambeck provided examples of when generative AI can be used to generate generic code (to be reviewed in the context of its use) and Large Language Models can help make code more searchable.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ebc9\" id=\"ebc9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Hubert Beroche focused on how generative AI tools could be implemented within cities. Beroche explained that AI technologies are governed locally and their use is highly contextualized. Megacities (e.g. NYC) might develop their own Generative AI systems while smaller cities might collaborate/form coalitions that share such systems or simply import those developed by other cities. Additionally, Beroche discussed the need for a social contract when implementing data-driven technologies at the local level.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7a3e\" id=\"7a3e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Sonia Cooper discussed Microsoft’s ‘co-pilot’ description of Generative AI as tools which will sit alongside us to make it easier to discover, process and analyze data. In this case human actors will have oversight and control over the use of the tools, allowing us to understand the provenance and to assess the outcomes. Cooper explained that using this approach Microsoft has implemented Generative AI across several functions including:\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cblockquote name=\"0e03\" id=\"0e03\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--li\">Bing Chat: Sourcing datasets, asking questions about/analyzing datasets, and identifying data provenance;\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cblockquote name=\"1e76\" id=\"1e76\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote\">Excel: Automating the structure and enriching the data;\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cblockquote name=\"963c\" id=\"963c\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote\">Power BI: Discovering trends in datasets and generating visualizations.\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cp name=\"5e65\" id=\"5e65\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--blockquote\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Key Takeaways\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3c5f\" id=\"3c5f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Generative AI has broad applications, including but not limited to:\u003C/p>\u003Col class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"11af\" id=\"11af\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Interface with Open Data Through AI Bots:\u003C/strong> Generative AI can facilitate the development of bots as an interface for user interaction with open data. These bots leverage natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning algorithms to provide answers to users’ queries, thereby increasing data accessibility and usability. This minimizes the need for specialized skills or knowledge to access and interpret open data.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"10a6\" id=\"10a6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Generation of Generic Code\u003C/strong>: Generative AI can create generic code, which needs to be reviewed contextually. Further, Large Language Models can assist in enhancing the searchability of the code.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"07bd\" id=\"07bd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Automating Code Books\u003C/strong>: Generative AI can expedite the creation of code books or metadata documents describing datasets. This automation facilitates users to comprehend the data better, significantly reducing the time and effort needed to exploit open data.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"896a\" id=\"896a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Generation of Synthetic Data\u003C/strong>: Generative AI models, notably Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), can produce synthetic data emulating real-world data. This capability can be extremely beneficial where data privacy is essential or the available data is insufficient.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d808\" id=\"d808\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Improving Data Processing:\u003C/strong> Generative AI can potentially tag data for analysis, create metadata, review or clean existing data, thus helping improve data processing.\u003C/li>\u003C/ol>\u003Cp name=\"5255\" id=\"5255\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">While generative AI has the potential to be transformative, certain considerations and challenges demand attention:\u003C/p>\u003Col class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"0ad5\" id=\"0ad5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Improving Data Availability\u003C/strong>: Open data must be structured and indexed in a way that it’s easily crawlable by AI algorithms for generative AI to operate optimally. Enhancements in data infrastructure and implementation of standards for data formatting and metadata are essential.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0a07\" id=\"0a07\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Importance of High-Quality Data:\u003C/strong> Generative AI heavily relies on the quality of data. Errors, missing values, or bias in data can considerably impact the performance and reliability of generative AI. Therefore, maintaining data quality and integrity is imperative.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"08df\" id=\"08df\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">The Role of Questions to Steer Prompt Engineering:\u003C/strong> Designing and optimizing the prompts given to an AI model, known as prompt engineering, significantly influences the AI’s output. It is important to identify the questions that matter as to steer the prompts that guide the AI effectively.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8460\" id=\"8460\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Documentation\u003C/strong>: Comprehensive documentation is critical for the trustworthiness and usability of leveraging generative AI for open data. Although automated tools can assist, they often struggle to provide the human touch of context.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d3f9\" id=\"d3f9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Data Provenance\u003C/strong>: Understanding the origin and quality of the data and how an AI model made a decision or prediction is crucial for user trust. Advancements in the field of explainable AI (XAI), which aims to make AI decision-making processes more transparent, are necessary to address this issue.\u003C/li>\u003C/ol>\u003Cp name=\"785b\" id=\"785b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Moving Forward\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fa48\" id=\"fa48\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To conclude, the panelists provided a set of key actions to be prioritized in order to accelerate generative AI for open data. These include:\u003C/p>\u003Col class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"e117\" id=\"e117\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Understanding the value propositions of Generative AI;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1cf7\" id=\"1cf7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Investigating the current use cases of Generative AI within open data;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6c32\" id=\"6c32\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Understanding the requirements of a social contract around Generative AI;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2648\" id=\"2648\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Including crawler-friendly data within open government data; and\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0018\" id=\"0018\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Promoting data integrity standards within industries.\u003C/li>\u003C/ol>\u003Cp name=\"c599\" id=\"c599\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">The full recording can be found \u003Ca href=\"https://youtu.be/OFE1Lniovw0\" data-href=\"https://youtu.be/OFE1Lniovw0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>. In the coming weeks, we plan to further process these insights and develop a detailed action plan towards generative AI for open data. Stay up-to-date on the latest developments of this work by signing up for \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=bc6d09925f\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=bc6d09925f\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the Data Stewards Network Newsletter\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1b10\" id=\"1b10\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">***\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bc5a\" id=\"bc5a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Learn more about the Open Data Policy Lab by visiting our website: \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://opendatapolicylab.org/\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/toward-a-fourth-wave-of-open-data",{"title":1183,"description":1186},"toward-a-fourth-wave-of-open-data","blogposts/toward-a-fourth-wave-of-open-data","34xptdWATiYaeifjyYLhGNRmj4trFGcOssx0XrPA6cY",{"id":1196,"title":1197,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1198,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1199,"description":1200,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1197,"image":1201,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1202,"meta":1203,"navigation":15,"path":1204,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1205,"slug":1206,"startTime":34,"stem":1207,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1208},"blogposts/blogposts/announcing-the-first-data-stewards-academy-executive-education-course-focused-on-data-re-use-in.json","Announcing the first Data Stewards Academy Executive Education Course focused on Data Re-Use in",[],"2023-05-01T17:23:08","Over the course of eight weeks, participants will learn about the ways they can re-use data in a city context to pursue goals in the…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*2GuPWqrf3y2ZxQp5MglkOA.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"3951\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"9ac1\" id=\"9ac1\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Announcing the first Data Stewards Academy Executive Education Course focused on Data Re-Use in Cities\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"0452\" id=\"0452\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This piece by Adrienne Schmoeker was originally published in the Open Data Policy Lab’s blog \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/announcement-announcing-the-first-data-stewards-academy-executive-education-course-focused-on-data-re-use-in-cities/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/announcement-announcing-the-first-data-stewards-academy-executive-education-course-focused-on-data-re-use-in-cities/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ec93\" id=\"ec93\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Over the course of eight weeks, participants will learn about the ways they can re-use data in a city context to pursue goals in the public’s interest.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"1493\" id=\"1493\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*2GuPWqrf3y2ZxQp5MglkOA.jpeg\" data-width=\"6000\" data-height=\"4000\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*2GuPWqrf3y2ZxQp5MglkOA.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">PHOTO: Opéra de Rennes by \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/@britosebastian?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/@britosebastian?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Sebastian Brito\u003C/a> used via an \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/license\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/license\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Unsplash License\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"9dfc\" id=\"9dfc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In 2020, nearly 4.2 billion people lived in cities. This number is expected to \u003Ca href=\"http://un.org/development/desa/en/news/population/2018-revision-of-world-urbanization-prospects.html\" data-href=\"http://un.org/development/desa/en/news/population/2018-revision-of-world-urbanization-prospects.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">double by 2050\u003C/a>. Cities face new and emerging challenges every day. Strained by climate change, crumbling infrastructure, and growing inequity, there is an urgent need for institutions to find new ways to make decisions, solve public problems, and improve how they operate.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b3df\" id=\"b3df\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In recent years, data has been increasingly made accessible and used to inform policies and interventions targeted at these societal issues. Yet, many of these data initiatives — for instance open data, data collaboratives, and other models — never scale beyond pilots. They often remain fragmented. Collectively, we need to move into \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a third wave of open data\u003C/a>. It is more important than ever to be strategic and purposeful, to find new ways to connect the demand for data with its supply to meet institutional objectives in a systematic, sustainable and socially responsible way.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7fd7\" id=\"7fd7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This course will help data stewards (and aspiring data stewards) ride the third wave and develop a data access and re-use strategy to inform public interest decisions and solve societal problems in a city context. From May to July 2023, leaders in data stewardship from sixteen different countries, from Brazil to Bhutan, will learn ways to use data to promote public good in their work with cities.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"31d9\" id=\"31d9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The\u003Ca href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Data Stewards Academy’s Executive Education Course\u003C/a> is part of The GovLab’s \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/a>, a program supporting responsible data re-use with support from Microsoft’s \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/strategy-microsoft-launches-open-data-for-social-impact-framework/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/strategy-microsoft-launches-open-data-for-social-impact-framework/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Data Campaign\u003C/a>. The executive education course trains data leaders in the public, nonprofit, research and private sectors interested in developing data reuse strategies to solve public problems. Over the course of eight weeks, participants will learn about the ways they can re-use data in a city context to pursue goals in the public’s interest.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f2ab\" id=\"f2ab\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We’re excited to welcome our new cohort of twenty data leaders:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"899c\" id=\"899c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/ana-carolina-benelli\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/ana-carolina-benelli\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ana Carolina Benelli\u003C/a>, Director, \u003Ca href=\"http://linkeddata.com.br/\" data-href=\"http://linkeddata.com.br/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Linked Data\u003C/a>, Brazil\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6772\" id=\"6772\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/akaraiskou\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/akaraiskou\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Antigoni Karaiskou\u003C/a>, Senior Sustainability & Physics Engineer, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.burohappold.com/\" data-href=\"https://www.burohappold.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Buro Happold\u003C/a>, United Kingdom\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f36d\" id=\"f36d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Cleiton Silva, Federal Auditor of Finance and Control, Brazilian Office of the Comptroller General (CGU), Brazil\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"cea5\" id=\"cea5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Daffodil Santillan, Data Associate, \u003Ca href=\"https://aer.ph/\" data-href=\"https://aer.ph/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Action for Economic Reforms\u003C/a>, Philippines\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"048e\" id=\"048e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/ernestkwan\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/ernestkwan\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ernest Kwan\u003C/a>, Head of the Data and Analytics Branch, City of Winnipeg Water and Waste Department, Canada\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e5ba\" id=\"e5ba\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/jbaertschi\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/jbaertschi\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Jonas Bärtschi\u003C/a>, Scientific Researcher, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bfh.ch/en/\" data-href=\"https://www.bfh.ch/en/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Bern University of Applied Sciences\u003C/a>, Switzerland\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1112\" id=\"1112\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/karimdasuki/\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/karimdasuki/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Karim Hussein Dasuki\u003C/a>, Innovation Cluster Manager, \u003Ca href=\"https://icluster.co/\" data-href=\"https://icluster.co/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">I-Cluster\u003C/a>, Colombia\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"74f2\" id=\"74f2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/madison-mackley-722420114\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/madison-mackley-722420114\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Madison Mackley\u003C/a>, PhD Student, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.utoronto.ca/\" data-href=\"https://www.utoronto.ca/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">University of Toronto\u003C/a>, Canada\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"553b\" id=\"553b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/majaha-dlamini-18823056\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/majaha-dlamini-18823056\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Majaha Diamini\u003C/a>, Urban Data Manager, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.sacities.net/\" data-href=\"https://www.sacities.net/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">South African Cities Network\u003C/a>, South Africa\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8b81\" id=\"8b81\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/athavalemandar\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/athavalemandar\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Mandar Sunil Athavale\u003C/a>, Co-Founder, \u003Ca href=\"http://baseracenter.org/\" data-href=\"http://baseracenter.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Basera Center for Innovation and Governance\u003C/a>, India\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a90f\" id=\"a90f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Marijana Novak, Data Lead, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.circle-economy.com/\" data-href=\"https://www.circle-economy.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Circle Economy\u003C/a>, Netherlands\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"dd97\" id=\"dd97\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/marisa-miodosky-87ba0b1\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/marisa-miodosky-87ba0b1\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Marisa Miodosky\u003C/a>, Gender Equality Strategy Leader, Buenos Aires City Statistics Bureau, Argentina\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"57e8\" id=\"57e8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/nyeleti-mahlaule-3b20a3246\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/nyeleti-mahlaule-3b20a3246\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Nyeleti Mahlaule\u003C/a>, Chief Specialist — Knowledge Management, City of Ekurhuleni Metro, South Africa\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2fa3\" id=\"2fa3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/karenomeje\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/karenomeje\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Oluomachukwu Omeje\u003C/a>, Program Manager, \u003Ca href=\"https://nigeriahealthwatch.com/\" data-href=\"https://nigeriahealthwatch.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Nigeria Health Watch\u003C/a>, Nigeria\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8256\" id=\"8256\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/pierre-renault35\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/pierre-renault35\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Pierre Renault\u003C/a>, Data Project Leader — Data Department, Rennes Métropole, France\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"434e\" id=\"434e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/ricardomiron\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/ricardomiron\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ricardo Mirón\u003C/a>, Technical Lead, United Nations Development Programme — Digital Public Goods Alliance, Mexico\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"def5\" id=\"def5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Sajid Mahmud, Head of Legal and Privacy Officer, Sensiv Laboratories, Bangladesh\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d1df\" id=\"d1df\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/sitharnorbu\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/sitharnorbu\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Sithar Norbu\u003C/a>, Deputy Chief ICT Officer and Researcher, Center for Bhutan and Gross National Happiness Studies, Bhutan\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1c47\" id=\"1c47\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/tanya-gunjan-086795a0\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/tanya-gunjan-086795a0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Tanya Gunjan\u003C/a>, Consultant, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.isdm.org.in/\" data-href=\"https://www.isdm.org.in/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Indian School of Development Management\u003C/a>, Germany\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a87e\" id=\"a87e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/mcanglo\" data-href=\"http://linkedin.com/in/mcanglo\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Vianca Jasmin Anglo\u003C/a>, Data Specialist, \u003Ca href=\"https://liveablecities.ph/\" data-href=\"https://liveablecities.ph/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Liveable Cities Philippines\u003C/a>, Philippines\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"f672\" id=\"f672\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">To learn more about the course (or to follow along) see the \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/academy/data-reuse-strategy/syllabus-2021/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/academy/data-reuse-strategy/syllabus-2021/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">self-directed resource \u003C/a>available publicly on the Open Data Policy Lab website.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"eaa3\" id=\"eaa3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">If you are interested in learning more about these opportunities, be sure to \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=bc6d09925f\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=bc6d09925f\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">sign up for the Data Stewards Network Newsletter\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> where you can learn more about the Academy’s future course offerings and receive alerts when applications for additional cohorts open in the future.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/announcing-the-first-data-stewards-academy-executive-education-course-focused-on-data-re-use-in",{"title":1197,"description":1200},"announcing-the-first-data-stewards-academy-executive-education-course-focused-on-data-re-use-in","blogposts/announcing-the-first-data-stewards-academy-executive-education-course-focused-on-data-re-use-in","8kb48N4kPtG0Vg68BW2yCSY981R4d9HwYOJfpLXMMus",{"id":1210,"title":1211,"author":1071,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1212,"body":34,"category":99,"date":1213,"description":1214,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1211,"image":1215,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1216,"meta":1217,"navigation":15,"path":1218,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1219,"slug":1220,"startTime":34,"stem":1221,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1222},"blogposts/blogposts/mastering-the-practice-of-defining-problems-well-open-data-policy-lab-releases-new-problem.json","Mastering the Practice of Defining Problems Well: Open Data Policy Lab Releases New Problem…",[],"2023-04-06T00:00:00","What does it take to address a public problem leveraging data? The first step is defining what the problem is.","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*VnAMMuQWet7GkjJKT1_vVg.jpeg","\u003Ch2 id=\"mastering-the-practice-of-defining-problems-well-open-data-policy-lab-releases-new-problem-definition-tool\">Mastering the Practice of Defining Problems Well: Open Data Policy Lab Releases New Problem Definition Tool\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>This piece was originally published by the Open Data Policy Lab, a collaboration between The GovLab and Microsoft to support decision-makers at the local, state and national levels as they accelerate the responsible re-use and opening of data for the benefit of society and the equitable spread of economic opportunity. For more information on its work, please visit\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https://opendatapolicylab.org/\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*VnAMMuQWet7GkjJKT1_vVg.jpeg\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The Problem Definition Tool\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>What does it take to address a public problem leveraging data? The first step is defining what the problem is.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>This statement might seem obvious, but articulating a meaningful problem can be difficult. It requires a broad enough lens to acknowledge the disparate issues that may undergird a challenge, while prioritizing and focusing on what is feasible and relevant.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>At the Open Data Policy Lab, we’ve long understood this to be a challenge, which is why we are today releasing a new resource to help practitioners: \u003Ca href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/ODPLTool_ProblemDefinition.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003Cstrong>How to Master the Practice of Defining Problems: Problem Definition Tool\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong>.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Derived from a model developed through practice by The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst and Andrew Young, this tool guides practitioners through different stages to ensure that the work they conduct is as actionable as possible. It offers guidance, brainstorming exercises, and supplementary resources to help readers with:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Problem Identification\u003C/strong> : Articulating the general problem they hope to address;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Clarification Cycle\u003C/strong> : Understanding the context, stakeholders, and process;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Mapping Phase\u003C/strong> : Charting out the different elements related to the problem;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Question Cycle\u003C/strong> : Defining what success might look like by restructuring the problem as a question;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Change Theory Cycle\u003C/strong> : Articulating what will happen as a result of a particular effort to address the problem and why that is the case.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>In addition to this guidance, the tool provides a series of fillable worksheets that practitioners can complete to guide themselves through these stages. They ask the reader to answer critical questions about what it is they are interested in, why this issue is important, and how their work will be productive.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>We hope this can be an effective tool for those working around the world. If you use this tool to support your work or have any suggestions on how we might improve it, please don’t hesitate to contact us at \u003Ca href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">datastewards@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/mastering-the-practice-of-defining-problems-well-open-data-policy-lab-releases-new-problem",{"title":1211,"description":1214},"mastering-the-practice-of-defining-problems-well-open-data-policy-lab-releases-new-problem","blogposts/mastering-the-practice-of-defining-problems-well-open-data-policy-lab-releases-new-problem","Pe7X1QM0a8qicwgnTn97PRq9YGl_4xEBYLJD33AYw6c",{"id":1224,"title":1225,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1226,"body":34,"category":99,"date":1227,"description":1228,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1225,"image":1229,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1230,"meta":1231,"navigation":15,"path":1232,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1233,"slug":1234,"startTime":34,"stem":1235,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1236},"blogposts/blogposts/data-collaborative-case-study-nyc-recovery-data-partnership.json","Data Collaborative Case Study: NYC Recovery Data Partnership",[],"2023-03-16T20:42:28","This is the sixth installment of an ongoing series of case studies on Data Collaboratives and Data Stewardship.","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*yfZHQnBmCwlroOxf","\n\u003Csection name=\"713c\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"0fdb\" id=\"0fdb\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Data Collaborative Case Study: NYC Recovery Data Partnership\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"c59d\" id=\"c59d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">By Andrew J. Zahuranec\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"30a9\" id=\"30a9\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*yfZHQnBmCwlroOxf\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"750\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*yfZHQnBmCwlroOxf\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Image by \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/a0x0H8Wq87Y\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/a0x0H8Wq87Y\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Robert Bye\u003C/a>/Unsplash is licensed under CC0.\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"ae4a\" id=\"ae4a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This is the sixth installment of an ongoing \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/examples/home\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/examples/home\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">series of case studies\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> on Data Collaboratives and Data Stewardship. These case studies intend to provide insights toward leveraging private data for public good in a systematic, sustainable and responsible manner. \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=7213f68ab3\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=7213f68ab3\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Subscribe \u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">to our newsletter to be notified of future releases.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b816\" id=\"b816\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">***\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bd1f\" id=\"bd1f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“\u003Ca href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/Case%20Study_NYC%20RDP.pdf\" data-href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/Case%20Study_NYC%20RDP.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">A Data Collaborative Case Study: NYC Recovery Data Partnership\u003C/a>” is a new report from the Open Data Policy Lab that explores an innovative approach to data collaboration to both describe current practices and provide recommendations to practitioners in the field. Looking at New York City’s Recovery Data Partnership, an initiative to give city agencies access to non-traditional data — data that is digitally captured, mediated or observed using new instrumentation mechanisms, often privately held and used for purposes unrelated to its initial collection — to respond to COVID-19, it examines how cities can establish trusted intermediaries to facilitate innovative research and policymaking while simultaneously noting the challenges this presents in terms of resources, expertise, and complexity.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"00fb\" id=\"00fb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We invite you to read through this case study. A summary of the case can be found below.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9883\" id=\"9883\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">***\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"92ed\" id=\"92ed\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Summary:\u003C/strong> In July 2020, following severe economic and social losses due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the administration of New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio announced the NYC Recovery Data Partnership. This data collaborative asked private and civic organizations with assets relevant to New York City to provide their data to the city. Senior city leaders from the First Deputy Mayor’s Office, the Mayor’s Office of Operations, Mayor’s Office of Information Privacy and Mayor’s Office of Data Analytics formed an internal coalition which served as trusted intermediaries, assessing agency requests from city agencies to use the data provided and allocating access accordingly. The data informed internal research conducted by various city agencies, including New York City Emergency Management’s Recovery Team and the NYC Department of City Planning. The experience reveals the ability of crises to spur innovation, the value of responsiveness from both data users and data suppliers, and the importance of technical capacity, and the value of a network of peers. In terms of challenges, the experience also exposes the limitations of data, the challenges of compiling complex datasets, and the role of resource constraints.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c02e\" id=\"c02e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data Collaborative Model: \u003C/strong>In The GovLab’s \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/existing-practices.html\" data-href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/existing-practices.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">typology of data collaboratives\u003C/a>, this arrangement is classified as a trusted intermediary, a type of collaborative in which third-party actors support collaboration between private-sector data providers and data users from the public sector, civil society, or academia. The NYC Recovery Data Partnership (itself staffed by the Mayor’s Office of Data Analytics, First Deputy Mayor’s Office, Mayor’s Office of Operations and Mayor’s Office of Information Privacy) served as an intermediary to coordinate data exchanges between private sector partners and various NYC agencies.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5a5f\" id=\"5a5f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data Stewardship Approach: \u003C/strong>New York City’s work demonstrates the value of a data steward for coordinating many disparate data activities, including outreach to potential partners and securing buy-in for internal staff.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"e9d3\" id=\"e9d3\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*Gt859KBJ7bdav71e\" data-width=\"750\" data-height=\"826\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Gt859KBJ7bdav71e\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"d702\" id=\"d702\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure graf--trailing\">Read the full case \u003Ca href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/Case%20Study_NYC%20RDP.pdf\" data-href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/files/Case%20Study_NYC%20RDP.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">here\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/data-collaborative-case-study-nyc-recovery-data-partnership",{"title":1225,"description":1228},"data-collaborative-case-study-nyc-recovery-data-partnership","blogposts/data-collaborative-case-study-nyc-recovery-data-partnership","jTkTRWFMdUkp9M1nGfVzz4Klk_qTDNtyCkNFawVmVGE",{"id":1238,"title":1239,"author":187,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1240,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1241,"description":1242,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1239,"image":1243,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1244,"meta":1245,"navigation":15,"path":1246,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1247,"slug":1248,"startTime":34,"stem":1249,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1250},"blogposts/blogposts/wanted-data-stewards-drafting-the-job-specs-for-a-re-imagined-data-stewardship-role.json","Wanted: Data Stewards — Drafting the Job Specs  for A Re-imagined Data Stewardship Role",[],"2023-03-13T00:00:00","What are the required competencies of a data steward? If I want to hire a data steward, what should the job description be?","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:248/1*n-H5OhCnYcwhMSYac5J2vA.png","\u003Ch1 id=\"wanted-data-stewards — drafting-the-job-specs--for-a-re-imagined-data-stewardship-role\">Wanted: Data Stewards — Drafting the Job Specs for A Re-imagined Data Stewardship Role\u003C/h1> \u003Ch2 id=\"wanted-data-stewards—-drafting-the-job-specs-for-a-re-imagined-data-stewardship-role\">Wanted: Data Stewards\u003Cstrong>— Drafting the Job Specs for A Re-imagined Data Stewardship Role\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:248/1*n-H5OhCnYcwhMSYac5J2vA.png\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Drafting the Job Specs for A Re-imagined Data Stewardship Role\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cem>(Thanks to Lisa Talia Moretti, Sampriti Saxena, and Andrew Zahuranec for their research support; and the\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/alumni.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"> \u003Cem>alumni\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>of the Data Stewards Executive Course for their input)\u003C/em>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>With the rapid datafication of our world and the ever-growing need to access data for re-use in the public interest, it’s no surprise that the need for data stewards is becoming increasingly more important every day. Organizations across sectors and geographies, from the \u003Ca href=\"https://unstats.un.org/unsd/statcom/groups/Data_Stewardship/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">United Nations Statistics Division\u003C/a> to the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.data.govt.nz/toolkit/data-stewardship/a-data-stewardship-framework-for-nz/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Government of New Zealand\u003C/a>, are all moving towards defining the roles and responsibilities of a data steward within their own unique contexts and use cases.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>At The GovLab, we have long advocated for \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy/article/reimagining-data-responsibility-10-new-approaches-toward-a-culture-of-trust-in-reusing-data-to-address-critical-public-needs/A460DE9316452434B0C2950008CB4045\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">the professionalization of data stewardship\u003C/a> through our research into \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/wanted-data-stewards.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">the role of data stewards in fostering data collaboration\u003C/a>, as well as our executive education courses at the \u003Ca href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Data Stewards Academy\u003C/a>. The recent launch of \u003Ca href=\"https://www.datatank.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">The Data Tank\u003C/a>, a non-profit dedicated to addressing the challenges and opportunities of datafication, which I co-founded, is another step in the right direction, creating a platform to explore data stewardship in practice and providing additional educational resources.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>While these resources are no doubt valuable, we are still often faced with the question: What are the required competencies of a data steward? If I want to hire or train a data steward, what should the job specifications be?\u003C/p> \u003Cp>With that in mind, we are initiating a process of crafting a job description for data stewards, outlining the responsibilities, skills, and behaviors of a data steward below. Such a job description may not only help organizations create formal data steward roles internally and recruit externally, but it will also help aspiring data stewards seek out the relevant training and opportunities for them to strengthen their skillset.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The job description below captures our initial thoughts on the role of a data steward, and we would welcome your insights on the roles and skills required to be an effective data steward. It is based on previous \u003Ca href=\"#\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">presentations shared publicly\u003C/a>.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>If you would be interested in joining us for a discussion focused on professionalizing data stewardship in practice, please contact us at: \u003Ca href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">datastewards@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p> \u003Ch2 id=\"wanted-data-steward\">\u003Cstrong>WANTED: DATA STEWARD\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:300/1*xEtLRTdJPRlmxtIBfraPwA.png\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>JOB PURPOSE\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Data stewards seek to accelerate data collaboration in a systematic, sustainable, and responsible way. As such, they are committed to \u003Cstrong>collaborating\u003C/strong> with others, with the goal of unlocking the value of data when a clear case exists that it serves the public good and that data can be used responsibly. The role is focused on managing, providing access to, and sharing data ethically and \u003Cstrong>responsibly\u003C/strong>. Stewards should strive to \u003Cstrong>prevent harm\u003C/strong> to data subjects, the wider public, those individuals whose data may be accessed, and organizational interests. Lastly, Data Stewards are expected to \u003Cstrong>proactively\u003C/strong> identify partners who may wish to engage in data collaborations that are informed by a compelling business case as well as create social value by advancing the use of insights generated through data collaboration.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>RESPONSIBILITIES\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The responsibility of a Data Steward is to ensure end-to-end responsibility for accessing and re-using data. This includes different stewardship functions including:\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Stewarding Data and Questions: Data Audit, Assessment & Governance\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>Formulate or assess the question(s) or problem for which data is needed\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Support with the identification and documentation of organizational data assets\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Monitor and assess organizational data for value, potential and risk\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Help formulate and determine organizational (the business case) and societal value propositions\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Lead conversations on the ethical and fundamental rights implications of using, or not using, data\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Help define operational, technical and governance requirements for data collaboration;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Help establish processes that allow for metrics to be captured and impact to be measured\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Support with the scoping and iterating of “minimum viable” data assessments for partnerships\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Stewarding Partners: Partnership and Community Engagement\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>Identify, assess and engage potential partners\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Establish and operate a policy of transparency and active engagement to foster trust between the organization and data-producing customers and communities\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Establish procedures and engagement models in order to create and sustain an organization’s social license for data re-use\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Keep partners and beneficiaries informed and up-to-date on insights generated from data initiatives\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Engage with legal and policy stakeholders to help create data and other contractual agreements\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Help establish a “social license” for data re-use\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Stewarding Internal Processes and Resources: Internal Coordination and Data Operations\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>Establish and maintain internal data ecosystem maps so that organizational resources, expertise, and skills can be identified and matched to data collaboration opportunities\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Engage with data product and insight owners in order to develop interoperable and coordinated ways of working\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Keep stakeholders informed on stewarding activities and lead the necessary approval processes\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Inform and engage with those that need to sign off on data sharing agreements or initiatives\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Stewarding Sustainability: Nurture and Sustain Data Collaboratives\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>Lead and nurture data innovation initiatives by helping to establish the necessary organizational infrastructure and budget that allows for the creative and responsible use of data to flourish\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Define and develop business cases for data access, sharing, and re-use\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Measure and assess the impact and outcomes of data initiatives\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Develop funding proposals and reach out to those that may be interested in supporting the data collaborative\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Stewarding Insights: Disseminate Outcomes and Communicate Activities\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>Be the organization’s point of contact regarding data initiatives and represent the organization on these matters at events, within the media, and among decision-makers, partners, and the public\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Ensure the timely release of impact stories and support the creation of marketing assets that communicate insights and outcomes to targeted audiences\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>PERSONAL PROFILE\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The role of the Data Steward favors individuals who possess the following skills and behaviors.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Skills\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>Knowledge of data governance, principles and concepts\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Knowledge of how to create data definitions and standards, determine business data requirements and business rules\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Knowledge of human-centered design or design thinking and experience of implementing these methodologies\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Experience of how to improve data quality and resolving data gaps, asymmetries and other identified deficiencies\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Experience in initiating, launching, sustaining and scaling partnerships across sectors\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Excellent communication skills and the ability to convey information clearly to both business and technical audiences\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Excellent interpersonal skills with the ability to build and sustain relationships and work effectively with others\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Ability to leverage multiple data tools to create and maintain necessary data stewardship outputs\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Behaviors\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>Critical thinking problem-solver who is curious by nature\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Capable of being decisive and has a balanced relationship with risk\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Strong communicator and listener who likes to initiate conversations\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Has good interpersonal skills and is motivated to build and nurture relationships\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Has the ability to see the big picture as well as be interested in the details\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>If you have any suggestions to improve the above job specification that can help reimagine and professionalize data stewardship in practice, please contact us at: \u003Ca href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">datastewards@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/wanted-data-stewards-drafting-the-job-specs-for-a-re-imagined-data-stewardship-role",{"title":1239,"description":1242},"wanted-data-stewards-drafting-the-job-specs-for-a-re-imagined-data-stewardship-role","blogposts/wanted-data-stewards-drafting-the-job-specs-for-a-re-imagined-data-stewardship-role","6hOwlj2OQ7R1aKoxqLN6VfiHGI5EFd9_T9gAdfiJ01M",{"id":1252,"title":1253,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1254,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1255,"description":1256,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1253,"image":1257,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1258,"meta":1259,"navigation":15,"path":1260,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1261,"slug":1262,"startTime":34,"stem":1263,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1264},"blogposts/blogposts/new-data-stewardship-course-focused-on-data-re-use-in-cities.json","New Data Stewardship Course focused on Data Re-Use in Cities",[],"2023-02-15T17:04:44","The Data Stewards Academy is excited to present the latest iteration of its Executive Education Course, focused on leaders of data re-use…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*7nS2HyPNwva_8lea","\n\u003Csection name=\"ba33\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"b798\" id=\"b798\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">New Data Stewardship Course focused on Data Re-Use in Cities\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"6bb1\" id=\"6bb1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This piece was originally posted by Adrienne Schmoeker on the Open Data Policy Lab’s blog. Learn more \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/odpl-course-new-data-stewardship-course-focused-on-data-re-use-in-cities/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/odpl-course-new-data-stewardship-course-focused-on-data-re-use-in-cities/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"6fc7\" id=\"6fc7\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*7nS2HyPNwva_8lea\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"870\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*7nS2HyPNwva_8lea\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Photo by\u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/fr/@florianwehde?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/fr/@florianwehde?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Florian Wehde\u003C/a> on\u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/s/photos/bangkok?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/s/photos/bangkok?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Unsplash\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"2534\" id=\"2534\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">At the end of 2022, the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.un.org/en/global-issues/population#:~:text=The%20global%20human%20population%20reached,and%202%20billion%20since%201998.\" data-href=\"https://www.un.org/en/global-issues/population#:~:text=The%20global%20human%20population%20reached,and%202%20billion%20since%201998.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">United Nations\u003C/a> announced a new milestone for humanity–we’d reached a population of 8 billion on earth. Important context around our new reality is that according to the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/11/global-continent-urban-population-urbanisation-percent/#:~:text=To%20celebrate%20Cities%20Day%2C%20the,up%20from%2041.3%25%20in%201950.\" data-href=\"https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/11/global-continent-urban-population-urbanisation-percent/#:~:text=To%20celebrate%20Cities%20Day%2C%20the,up%20from%2041.3%25%20in%201950.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">World Economic Forum\u003C/a>, more than half of the global population lives in cities. This inevitably forces our collective attention around the role of data in specific urban environments.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"88d6\" id=\"88d6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The \u003Ca href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Data Stewards Academy\u003C/a> is excited to present the latest iteration of its Executive Education Course, focused on leaders of data re-use in cities. This new course offering builds off of the success of the \u003Ca href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Data Policy Lab’s City Incubator\u003C/a> in 2022 and numerous Data Stewards Academy Executive Education Courses since the Open Data Policy Lab’s launch in 2020. \u003Ca href=\"https://form.typeform.com/to/QeK5l6r1\" data-href=\"https://form.typeform.com/to/QeK5l6r1\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Applications\u003C/a> are open now through April 5th.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8e58\" id=\"8e58\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Our focus on city data innovation stems from the growing importance of cities everywhere. Urbanization is increasing across much of the world; \u003Ca href=\"https://www.un.org/development/desa/en/news/population/2018-revision-of-world-urbanization-prospects.html\" data-href=\"https://www.un.org/development/desa/en/news/population/2018-revision-of-world-urbanization-prospects.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">according to the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs\u003C/a>, 68% of the global population is projected to live in urban areas by 2050. These facts, coupled with findings from the Open Data Policy Lab’s report on the \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/images/odpl/third-wave-of-opendata.pdf\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/images/odpl/third-wave-of-opendata.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Third Wave of Open Data\u003C/a>, make one thing clear: there is an urgent need to build data-driven capacity in our cities and to empower leaders to use data strategically, ethically, and for a good purpose.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9096\" id=\"9096\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Course Overview\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f0db\" id=\"f0db\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This new Data Stewards Academy course offering will build on the foundational curriculum about data stewardship and data re-use in prior Executive Education courses, inviting guest faculty with experience working in cities and urban contexts. Course participants will develop a data re-use strategy for the city or cities they work in throughout the course, with coaching and support from the Open Data Policy Lab team. Questions this course will seek to address include:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"ead0\" id=\"ead0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">How has data and data re-use evolved over the last few decades? What new challenges and opportunities lie ahead?\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f1ea\" id=\"f1ea\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">What is the role of a data steward and how can they promote the responsible, systemic and sustainable re-use of data?\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5178\" id=\"5178\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Which methods can help with need identification, especially in the context of urban environments?\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"672c\" id=\"672c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Where can data be procured and how?\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6032\" id=\"6032\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Understanding the value proposition of data re-use for the public good is key–what are key tools for doing this in cities?\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"14ef\" id=\"14ef\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">The Executive Education Course for Data Re-Use in Cities spans eight weeks, meeting virtually for five hours per week across two days between 9am–12pm ET.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1aa1\" id=\"1aa1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This is a free education program thanks to the support of Microsoft through collaboration with the Open Data Policy Lab. This course seeks to attract and develop highly talented aspiring data stewards who are interested in better incorporating data re-use into their operations for the benefit of a city or cities that they work with. To kickstart the course, participation will be limited to a small cohort of twenty participants who already work on data collaboration issues or serve individuals tasked by their organization to act as data stewards. Ideal applicants will have several years of experience in a leadership role and demonstrate the capacity to work across sectors.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7531\" id=\"7531\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">All course participants will be invited to join the Data Stewards Society upon successful completion of the course — a network of dozens of leaders in their respective fields who meet monthly to network and discuss curated programming developed by the Open Data Policy Lab team.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7e7f\" id=\"7e7f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about criteria for applicants and the details of the program on the \u003Ca href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Data Stewards Academy website\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"https://form.typeform.com/to/QeK5l6r1\" data-href=\"https://form.typeform.com/to/QeK5l6r1\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">apply for the course\u003C/a> by April 5th 11:59pm ET.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"af94\" id=\"af94\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Testimonials\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7ea8\" id=\"7ea8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“Data stewardship is a critically important role for the future use of data for public benefit. The program is world class and provides learnings from the global leaders in the field.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f222\" id=\"f222\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">- Kristi Mansfield, CEO & Co-founder, Seer Data & Analytics\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b926\" id=\"b926\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“The course allowed me to improve my knowledge about open data and especially how to connect data needs with resources, as well as to develop a data stewardship strategy to apply in the projects that I manage…It was also an opportunity to expand my network of professional contacts with the possibility of exploring future collaborations.” — Eduardo Béjar Feijoó, Executive Director, Fundación de Ayuda por Internet (FUNDAPI)\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"edc7\" id=\"edc7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“This course is a wonderful resource for any organization considering creating, expanding or refining data use strategies and processes…The course combines methodology and application for an immediate ‘return on investment’ at all stages of data use strategy and implementation.” — Karen Hampton, All Payer Claims Program Manager, Oregon Health Authority\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/new-data-stewardship-course-focused-on-data-re-use-in-cities",{"title":1253,"description":1256},"new-data-stewardship-course-focused-on-data-re-use-in-cities","blogposts/new-data-stewardship-course-focused-on-data-re-use-in-cities","KWYmmu3cfIvaS9FBVD7YZ-_nIwpMSuLVqA_MfYIlFVA",{"id":1266,"title":1267,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1268,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1269,"description":1270,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1267,"image":1271,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1272,"meta":1273,"navigation":15,"path":1274,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1275,"slug":1276,"startTime":34,"stem":1277,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1278},"blogposts/blogposts/launch-of-the-state-of-open-data-policy-online-repository.json","Launch of the State of Open Data Policy Online Repository",[],"2023-01-19T15:13:00","Today, the Open Data Policy Lab is happy to announce the launch of its latest online resource: The State of Open Data Policy Repository, a…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*F0p1nmtIm6ISgugrvHvFaQ.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"a2ff\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"e81d\" id=\"e81d\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Launch of the State of Open Data Policy Online Repository\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"1f0b\" id=\"1f0b\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*F0p1nmtIm6ISgugrvHvFaQ.png\" data-width=\"1003\" data-height=\"469\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*F0p1nmtIm6ISgugrvHvFaQ.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">A geographic distribution of some of the policies listed.\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"4195\" id=\"4195\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Today, the Open Data Policy Lab is happy to announce the launch of its latest online resource: \u003Ca href=\"https://repository.opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://repository.opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The State of Open Data Policy Repository\u003C/a>, a collection of recent policy developments surrounding open data, data reuse, and data collaboration around the world.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0126\" id=\"0126\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A refinement of \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1J_YJb_mPwFLXVSuJBNK0pudIGKT9ARk0Gbw4ojW6qQo/edit\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1J_YJb_mPwFLXVSuJBNK0pudIGKT9ARk0Gbw4ojW6qQo/edit\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">compilation of policies\u003C/a> launched at the Open Data Policy Summit last year, the State of Open Data Policy Online Repository\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> \u003C/strong>is an interactive resource that looks at recent legislation, directives, and proposals that affect open data and data collaboration all around the world. It captures what kinds of data collaboration issues policy makers are currently focused on and where the momentum for data innovation is heading in countries around the world.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d355\" id=\"d355\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Users can filter policies according to region, country, focus and type of data sharing. The review currently surfaced approximately 60 examples of recent legislative acts, proposals, directives, and other policy documents, from which the \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Open Data Policy Lab \u003C/em>draws findings about the need to promote more innovative policy frameworks.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9529\" id=\"9529\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This collection shows that, despite increased interest in the \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">third wave conception of open data\u003C/a>, policy development remains nascent. It is primarily concerned with open data repositories at the expense of alternative forms of collaboration. Most policies listed focus on releasing government data and, elsewhere, most nations still don’t have open data rules or a method to put the policies in place.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d995\" id=\"d995\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This work reveals a pressing need for institutions to create frameworks that can direct data professionals since there are worries that inaction may both allow for misuse of data and lead to missed chances to use data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0fcc\" id=\"0fcc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As new advancements are discovered or made known to us, the \u003Ca href=\"https://repository.opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://repository.opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">repository\u003C/a> will be updated. If you see any policies not listed or have any ideas for improvements we can make to the repository, please let us know at \u003Ca href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\" data-href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">datastewards@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e786\" id=\"e786\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">We look forward to your feedback.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/launch-of-the-state-of-open-data-policy-online-repository",{"title":1267,"description":1270},"launch-of-the-state-of-open-data-policy-online-repository","blogposts/launch-of-the-state-of-open-data-policy-online-repository","xg_fyygVT_jvfR4mSi-wZUrMO4Wqn7Uq0vn1DJjIqMk",{"id":1280,"title":1281,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1282,"body":34,"category":44,"date":1283,"description":1284,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1281,"image":1285,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1286,"meta":1287,"navigation":15,"path":1288,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1289,"slug":1290,"startTime":34,"stem":1291,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1292},"blogposts/blogposts/our-five-conjectures-to-explore-in-2023-as-they-relate-to-data-for-good.json","Our Five Conjectures to Explore in 2023 as They Relate to Data for Good",[],"2023-01-18T15:11:27","From the regulations proposed in the European Artificial Intelligence (AI) Act to the launch of OpenAI’s ChatGPT tool, 2022 was a year…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*ocJMp348EKL6-9H3","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"d2a7\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Our Five Conjectures to Explore in 2023 as They Relate to Data for Good\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"d50a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">by Hannah Chafetz, Uma Kalkar, Marine Ragnet, Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"1d33\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*ocJMp348EKL6-9H3\" data-image-id=\"0*ocJMp348EKL6-9H3\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"749\" data-is-featured=\"true\">\n\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Image by \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/xU5Mqq0Chck\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/xU5Mqq0Chck\">Unsplash/Drew Beamer\u003C/a> is licensed under CC0.\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"5c04\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">From the regulations proposed in the European Artificial Intelligence (AI) Act to the launch of OpenAI’s ChatGPT tool, 2022 was a year that saw many policy and technological developments. Taking stock of \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.gartner.com/en/articles/12-data-and-analytics-trends-to-keep-on-your-radar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.gartner.com/en/articles/12-data-and-analytics-trends-to-keep-on-your-radar\">recent data\u003C/a> and \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://futuretodayinstitute.com/trends/?_ga=2.22020210.85063904.1673961935-1605500819.1673961935\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://futuretodayinstitute.com/trends/?_ga=2.22020210.85063904.1673961935-1605500819.1673961935\">technology \u003C/a>trends, we offer some \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">conjectures\u003C/em> as to how these ideas may play out over the next year. Indeed, predictions can be dangerous, which is why we position the below as conjectures — propositions that remain tentative till more evidence emerges — that can help advance the agenda and direction of responsible use of data for the public good focus areas.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"346b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Below, we provide a summary of the five conjectures that The GovLab will track and revisit throughout 2023.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"4561\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Conjecture 1. In 2023 … non-traditional data may be used with increasing frequency to solve public problems.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7000\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Complex crises, from COVID-19 to climate change, demonstrate a need for information about a variety of developments quickly and at scale. Traditional sources are not enough: growing awareness and (re)use of non-traditional data sources (NTD) to fill the gaps in traditional data cast a spotlight on the value of using and combining new data sources for problem-solving. \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Over the next year, NTD sources could increasingly be called upon by decision-making to address large-scale public problems.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ede3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">NTD refers to \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.gdi.manchester.ac.uk/research/publications/di/dd-wp92/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.gdi.manchester.ac.uk/research/publications/di/dd-wp92/\">data\u003C/a> that is “digitally captured (for example, mobile phone records and financial data), mediated (for example, social media and online data), or observed (for example, satellite imagery),” using new instrumentation mechanisms and is often privately held. Our \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6228efe9bbdd294f0d98edfe/t/6361b53bd7cff8433cae6780/1667347780763/Data4COVID19+Review_Full+Report_31.10.22.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6228efe9bbdd294f0d98edfe/t/6361b53bd7cff8433cae6780/1667347780763/Data4COVID19+Review_Full+Report_31.10.22.pdf\">recent report\u003C/a> discussed how COVID-19 was a “watershed moment” in terms of generating access to non-traditional health, mobility, economic, and sentiment data. As detailed in the report, decision-makers around the world increasingly recognize the potential of NTD sources when combined with traditional data responsibly. Similarly, developments in the war in Ukraine presented a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.chathamhouse.org/2022/12/open-source-intelligence-ukraine-asset-or-liability\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.chathamhouse.org/2022/12/open-source-intelligence-ukraine-asset-or-liability\">pivotal moment \u003C/a>regarding the use of NTD sources. For instance, satellite images, social media narrative trends, and real-time location mapping \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/data-for-peace-and-humanitarian-response-the-case-of-the-ukraine-russia-war-a811f690bcc0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/data-for-peace-and-humanitarian-response-the-case-of-the-ukraine-russia-war-a811f690bcc0\">have supported\u003C/a> humanitarian action and peacebuilding.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"e36a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">These are just two examples of the increasing interest in NTD to solve public problems. We predict that this trend could continue to expand as technological advances continue to make non-traditional data more widely available to decision-makers. Already, the financial sector is increasingly incorporating \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.maddyness.com/uk/2022/12/27/early-metrics-tech-trend-predictions-for-2023/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.maddyness.com/uk/2022/12/27/early-metrics-tech-trend-predictions-for-2023/\">non-traditional data to inform decisions such as assessing lending risks\u003C/a>, for example. Recently, the fintech business Nova Credit and HSBC partnered together to exploit cross-border data to allow immigrants access to credit by predicting creditworthiness via \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.americanbanker.com/news/hsbc-deploys-tech-that-helps-it-bank-immigrants\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.americanbanker.com/news/hsbc-deploys-tech-that-helps-it-bank-immigrants\">digital footprint and psychometric data\u003C/a>. This trend is compounded by increased legislation aiming to open up the re-use of private sector data, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/7870049/14803739/KS-FT-22-004-EN-N.pdf/052b4357-bf8e-9ce4-c063-7e806c045dac?t=1656335798606\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/7870049/14803739/KS-FT-22-004-EN-N.pdf/052b4357-bf8e-9ce4-c063-7e806c045dac?t=1656335798606\">particularly in Europe\u003C/a>. The increased attention to NTD sources signals a need to prioritize the alignment of the supply and demand of NTD and develop a systematized approach to how it can be integrated within decision-making cycles.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"47b8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Conjecture 2. In 2023… corporations, governments, and the public may prioritize the use of data to combat the climate crisis.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d10e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Over the next year, CleanTech and GreenTech — technologies to mitigate or reduce the effects of human activity in the environment — could boom. \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">More specifically, we predict that data will become an essential element in combatting climate change by providing stakeholders with the tools to better understand the issue at hand, and remedy it.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c0c4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Public pressure on companies to practice social responsibility by investing in and using sustainable technologies has mounted, leading to calls to apply data to the climate crisis and invest in techniques to reduce data’s environmental footprint. The World Bank found that information and communication technology (ICT) use, while contributing to electricity and greenhouse gas emissions, has \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://wdr2021.worldbank.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://wdr2021.worldbank.org/\">“remained flat”\u003C/a> over the past decade thanks to the use of renewable energy sources. Furthermore, ICT use helps cut down other resource consumption, resulting in a net positive environmental impact.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f802\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Within operating processes, data and digitalization are \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2023/01/davos23-data-is-helping-to-drive-the-energy-transition/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2023/01/davos23-data-is-helping-to-drive-the-energy-transition/\">assisting the shift\u003C/a> toward clean energy in three main ways. First, high-quality data can \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://tnfd.global/consultation-and-engagement/data-catalyst/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://tnfd.global/consultation-and-engagement/data-catalyst/\">enhance procedures \u003C/a>for monitoring and tracking emissions and contribute to the improvement of existing processes. Second, it accelerates the development of new tools and less carbon-intensive techniques through design and operation procedures. Third, it enables new business models with financial incentives to hasten the transition via better management of the diversified energy mix that is forming as the world moves away from fossil fuels and more effective collaboration. Thus, we foresee a growth of research into environmental assessments and monitoring of data initiatives.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8bf1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Instances of \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.bcg.com/publications/2021/measuring-emissions-accurately\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.bcg.com/publications/2021/measuring-emissions-accurately\">data and AI used to accurately measure and reduce emissions\u003C/a> are already in the works. For instance, to better understand its carbon footprint and mitigate it, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.fastcompany.com/90828708/the-secret-weapon-in-fighting-climate-change-data\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.fastcompany.com/90828708/the-secret-weapon-in-fighting-climate-change-data\">Microsoft \u003C/a>deployed the most up-to-date technology for data collection in order to reduce any unfavorable environmental effects throughout the whole Microsoft ecosystem, including its partners and suppliers.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b56b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In 2023, enterprises and governments may continue to face increased pressures to limit their carbon emissions, refine their environmental responsibility practices, and assess the ways by which they understand the environmental impact of the tools and resources they use.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1cd5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Conjecture 3. In 2023… private companies and government officials could increasingly use open access to data, algorithms, and AI tools for public transparency, accountability, accessibility, and informed decision-making.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"249f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Users of data and AI tools are demanding the ability to interrogate the training data and algorithms at play in order to trust and verify system results. Learning from examples of bias and discrimination created by unchecked algorithms in the past, authorities are increasingly regulating the use and disclosure requirements of these tools. Further, to build social following and trust, tool creators are turning to open-by-default practices. \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Over the next year, open data and AI regulation and business practices could increase to meet market demand for accountable data tools.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0467\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">With the rise in advances and interest in AI, policymakers have taken steps to govern the creation, use, and reuse of this emerging technology. For instance, the European Union’s (E.U.) \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/legislation-open-data\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/legislation-open-data\">Open Data Directive\u003C/a> requires member states to implement a data reuse framework across public sector agencies and remove undue obstacles to data sharing and reuse. Similar cases are on the rise across the world. The \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\">Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/a> (ODPL)’s living \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/u/1/d/1J_YJb_mPwFLXVSuJBNK0pudIGKT9ARk0Gbw4ojW6qQo/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/u/1/d/1J_YJb_mPwFLXVSuJBNK0pudIGKT9ARk0Gbw4ojW6qQo/edit?usp=sharing\">repository\u003C/a> contains over 50 examples of recent legislative acts, proposals, directives, and other policy documents scoping this trend. A review of these resources demonstrates growing public interest in open data and data collaboration.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d709\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Moreover, regulators are taking steps to monitor AI use and development. The proposed \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.wyden.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/2022-02-03%20Algorithmic%20Accountability%20Act%20of%202022%20One-pager.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.wyden.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/2022-02-03%20Algorithmic%20Accountability%20Act%20of%202022%20One-pager.pdf\">U.S. Algorithmic Accountability of 2022\u003C/a> seeks to mandate impact assessments and public disclosure of AI tools acquired and used in the private sector. To this end, businesses themselves are adjusting practices to open their data. Businesses are recognizing the value of \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2022/12/26/what-to-expect-from-ai-in-2023/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2022/12/26/what-to-expect-from-ai-in-2023/\">‘open’ practices\u003C/a> to create more equitable and trustworthy tools that are received with greater public confidence and use.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5113\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://chat.openai.com/auth/login\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://chat.openai.com/auth/login\">ChatGPT,\u003C/a> the latest chatbot tech innovation from OpenAI, for example, has been recognized \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/07/technology/generative-ai-chatgpt-investments.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/07/technology/generative-ai-chatgpt-investments.html\">for its open-access\u003C/a> design. Similar examples are multiplying. For instance, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Meta, Microsoft, and TomTom combined efforts to launch the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://overturemaps.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://overturemaps.org/\">Overture Maps Foundation\u003C/a>, an interoperable open map data tool that serves as a shared, open-access resource that can improve mapping services globally.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"9542\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Policy development to oversee mandatory and nice-to-have openness and accountability measures for data and AI still remains nascent, which indicates that this trend is likely to continue growing in the coming years, as government and private sector entities become increasingly concerned with demonstrating responsible data use and cultivating sustainable social licenses with data users and broader society.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1d83\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Conjecture 4. In 2023… the public may demand new processes to establish the social license for reusing data, strengthening data privacy and ‘right to be forgotten’ regulation.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"4a57\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">A slew of data protection and limits to data mining by online platforms are slated to be read across \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://futuretodayinstitute.com/mu_uploads/2022/03/FTI_Tech_Trends_2022_All.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://futuretodayinstitute.com/mu_uploads/2022/03/FTI_Tech_Trends_2022_All.pdf\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">local and national governments\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, demonstrating the growing regulatory environment of constraining Big Tech practices. Increasingly, the public is calling on decision-makers to enact data privacy measures to limit where, when, how, and from whom data can be collected, stored, and used in order to reclaim individual agency over data and curtail surveillance capitalist business models. \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Over the next year, we could see the ratification of much legislation and regulation over data rights that could radically upend previously ‘too-big-to-fail’ online platform data practices.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7ef8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Over the last few years, many countries, especially those in Europe, have adopted major pieces of legislation to protect their citizens’ data. Acting as a trailblazer, the European \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.dataguidance.com/opinion/eu-unpacking-eus-suite-new-era-digital-legislation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.dataguidance.com/opinion/eu-unpacking-eus-suite-new-era-digital-legislation\">GDPR and its accompanying suite of data services and digital platform legislations\u003C/a> have inspired similar legislation in \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/privacy/ccpa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/privacy/ccpa\">California\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacodepopularnames/virginia-consumer-protection-act/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacodepopularnames/virginia-consumer-protection-act/\">Virginia\u003C/a>, and other such consumer data protection regulations across the world. However, the implementation of these legislations appears to still be in its initial phase. Thus far, the E.U. has launched a strong offensive stance to crack down on data protection by \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://variety.com/2023/digital/global/meta-fined-eu-data-privacy-violation-targeted-ads-1235479011/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://variety.com/2023/digital/global/meta-fined-eu-data-privacy-violation-targeted-ads-1235479011/\">imposing heavy fines\u003C/a> and limits on companies like Meta that violate these laws.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"612a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Future Today Institute notes that many \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://futuretodayinstitute.com/mu_uploads/2022/03/FTI_Tech_Trends_2022_All.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://futuretodayinstitute.com/mu_uploads/2022/03/FTI_Tech_Trends_2022_All.pdf\">attempts\u003C/a> to pass privacy laws were put on hold by the pandemic, but these efforts have since been rekindled. For instance, the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/senate-bill/2134\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/senate-bill/2134\">Data Protection Act\u003C/a>, which would establish a new federal data protection agency, is being reintroduced by U.S. Senator Kirsten Gillibrand. Moreover, we are witnessing an increase in privacy measures, particularly in the E.U, India, and China that place a strong emphasis on limiting the transfer and storage of personal data outside of national boundaries.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6519\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Furthermore, data protection measures are focusing on protecting vulnerable groups, such as children, from harmful mental health and exploitation consequences of online media. Proposals including the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/3137\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/3137\">U.K. Online Safety Act\u003C/a> and \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB2273\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB2273\">California’s Age Appropriate Design Code Act\u003C/a> place the onus on platforms to protect children’s data and privacy online. If ratified, they will severely curtail exploitative data-mining business models favored by many online platforms. Since 2019, the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/\">Responsible Data for Children Initiative\u003C/a> has been advocating for children’s unique data protection needs and multidisciplinary methods to enforce them. As well, attention is being paid to \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/analysis/2023/01/04/aid-policy-trends-to-watch-in-2023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/analysis/2023/01/04/aid-policy-trends-to-watch-in-2023\">protecting migrant and refugee data rights\u003C/a> across humanitarian initiatives to correct inherent power and agency imbalances between data subjects and data users. We foresee greater policy interest and willingness to flesh out concepts like \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.08539\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.08539\">digital self-determination\u003C/a> to increase agency, empowerment, and knowledge about the use, collection, and permissions granting of data in humanitarian contexts.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b87e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A majority of these data governance measures are being pushed by citizen fears and consumer pressure. According to the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.cisco.com/c/dam/en_us/about/doing_business/trust-center/docs/cisco-consumer-privacy-survey-2022.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.cisco.com/c/dam/en_us/about/doing_business/trust-center/docs/cisco-consumer-privacy-survey-2022.pdf\">2022 Cisco Consumer Privacy survey\u003C/a>, 80% of people are willing to take action to protect their data and a growing number of people are cognizant of their national data protection laws. The uptick in widescale awareness and demand for data privacy and protection is likely to continue increasing as data collection continues to hike.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3f1d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Conjecture 5. In 2023… generative and adaptive AI is poised to disrupt major industries and reshape how we use data and AI for decision-making and product creation.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"91c9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Increasingly, data has been applied to power generative and adaptive AI tools that can assist policymakers in complex decision-making environments. Novel ways of applying language and image processing tools, from education to art, demonstrate this AI’s \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.antler.co/blog/generative-ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.antler.co/blog/generative-ai\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">disruptive ability\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> for a myriad of industries. \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Over the next year, the use of these tools could become more widespread, prompting the need for data stewards to understand how they work and oversee their responsible use.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b079\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Adaptive AI has increasingly been put to the test in complex conflict situations to reduce human risk and improve data analysis accuracy. For example, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) developed a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.undp.org/blog/ukraine-machine-learning-algorithms-and-big-data-scans-used-identify-war-damaged-infrastructure\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.undp.org/blog/ukraine-machine-learning-algorithms-and-big-data-scans-used-identify-war-damaged-infrastructure\">machine learning algorithm\u003C/a> to help identify and classify war-damaged infrastructure. The model uses text mining to extract information from reports and categorize it by type of infrastructure. This model has been replicated by multiple UNDP country offices to help with post-conflict reconstruction and gauge the needs of vulnerable populations. The private sector is also getting into the game: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.defenseone.com/technology/2023/01/how-ai-could-predict-damage-ukraine-russian-missiles/381633/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.defenseone.com/technology/2023/01/how-ai-could-predict-damage-ukraine-russian-missiles/381633/\">Scale AI\u003C/a>, for instance, is using AI to better anticipate and predict Russian airstrikes in Ukraine. The emerging role of AI in \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://files.thegovlab.org/PeaceTechTopicMap.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://files.thegovlab.org/PeaceTechTopicMap.pdf\">PeaceTech\u003C/a> coupled with vigilance over its use and discrimination risks by data stewards, we believe, could help push the needle on ‘good’ uses of dual-use technologies.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"73ec\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In addition to addressing tactical and operational needs, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://hellofuture.orange.com/en/interactive/new-technologies-pushing-the-boundaries-of-art/#technology-is-helping-to-protect-masterpieces\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://hellofuture.orange.com/en/interactive/new-technologies-pushing-the-boundaries-of-art/#technology-is-helping-to-protect-masterpieces\">generative AI\u003C/a> has given way to a digital renaissance — pushing the boundaries of art and music. As mentioned previously, tools including \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://chat.openai.com/auth/login\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://chat.openai.com/auth/login\">ChatGPT\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://openai.com/dall-e-2/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://openai.com/dall-e-2/\">DALL-E\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://beta.character.ai/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://beta.character.ai/\">Character.AI\u003C/a>, and a host of other AI tools have hit the market for designing creative outputs. Capitalizing on this gold rush — the generative AI market is \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/generative-ai-market-to-be-worth-109-37-billion-by-2030-grand-view-research-inc-301718827.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/generative-ai-market-to-be-worth-109-37-billion-by-2030-grand-view-research-inc-301718827.html\">estimated to reach\u003C/a> USD 109.37 billion by 2030 — private sector companies are ramping up their use and design of this technology across the board, from applying \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/09/science/artificial-intelligence-proteins.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/09/science/artificial-intelligence-proteins.html\">DALL-E to accelerate protein design\u003C/a> to writing \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/12/26/upshot/chatgpt-child-essays.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/12/26/upshot/chatgpt-child-essays.html\">school essays indistinguishable from student work\u003C/a>=.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"e075\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Tech optimists believe that generative AI will be able to \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2023/01/davos23-generative-ai-a-game-changer-industries-and-society-code-developers/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2023/01/davos23-generative-ai-a-game-changer-industries-and-society-code-developers/\">enhance the creative process\u003C/a> of artists and designers as existing tasks will be enriched by generative AI systems, speeding up the ideation and, ultimately, the production phase. Others, however, are \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://resource.revealdata.com/en/blog/why-the-generative-ai-renaissance-means-big-legal-headaches\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://resource.revealdata.com/en/blog/why-the-generative-ai-renaissance-means-big-legal-headaches\">concerned about the threats\u003C/a> to copyright and intellectual property protections used to legally protect artistic and creative work, as well as convincing deepfake creations that make disinformation and misinformation harder to thwart due to the AI.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"dcd6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Currently, hardly any regulation governs the generative and adaptive AI landscapes. Policymakers may move to act swiftly to balance AI innovation within existing legal regulations.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"4c06\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">***\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"e9a5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In 2023, The GovLab will be following these conjectures to see which come true. We will also use them to enhance our knowledge products and guide our efforts on the responsible use and reuse of data and data regulation.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a20d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">To stay in the loop on these topics and our work, follow The GovLab on \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://twitter.com/TheGovLab?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://twitter.com/TheGovLab?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor\">Twitter\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network\">Medium\u003C/a>, and the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=bc6d09925f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=bc6d09925f\">Data Stewards Network Newsletter\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/our-five-conjectures-to-explore-in-2023-as-they-relate-to-data-for-good",{"title":1281,"description":1284},"our-five-conjectures-to-explore-in-2023-as-they-relate-to-data-for-good","blogposts/our-five-conjectures-to-explore-in-2023-as-they-relate-to-data-for-good","Kq33CO5UNDCSC17QeXRtk2IpKT3_I0kdYl2p-w6ECFA",{"id":1294,"title":1295,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1296,"body":34,"category":44,"date":1297,"description":1298,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1295,"image":1299,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1300,"meta":1301,"navigation":15,"path":1302,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1303,"slug":1304,"startTime":34,"stem":1305,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1306},"blogposts/blogposts/2022s-noteworthy-books-on-data-ai-and-ci-curated-by-the-living-library.json","2022s Noteworthy Books on Data, AI, and CI, Curated by The Living Library",[],"2022-12-20T15:46:55","As the year comes to a close, The GovLab’s Data Program is taking a look back at some of the year's most intriguing books on data...","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Z1EEOQzN__hi8f0b","\n\u003Csection name=\"c0aa\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"61da\" id=\"61da\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">2022’s Noteworthy Books on Data, AI, and CI, Curated by The Living Library\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"0564\" id=\"0564\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">As the year comes to a close, The GovLab’s Data Program is taking a look back at some of the year’s most intriguing books on data, artificial intelligence, and collective intelligence curated throughout the year by \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Living Library\u003C/a> — a repository of current knowledge spanning topic areas from artificial intelligence, open data, and blockchain, to citizen science, open innovation, and civic technology. The readings are arranged in alphabetical order.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"da33\" id=\"da33\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Want to stay in the loop? In addition to the Data Stewards Newsletter, we run \u003Ca href=\"http://thelivinglib.org/subscribe/\" data-href=\"http://thelivinglib.org/subscribe/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Digest\u003C/a>, a weekly curation of 20 actionable pieces on data and innovation. Subscribe \u003Ca href=\"http://thelivinglib.org/subscribe/\" data-href=\"http://thelivinglib.org/subscribe/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"8eed\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"4c83\" id=\"4c83\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading\">Data\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"a47b\" id=\"a47b\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*Z1EEOQzN__hi8f0b\" data-width=\"326\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Z1EEOQzN__hi8f0b\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"6aa2\" id=\"6aa2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Bronson, Kelly, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Immaculate Conception of Data: Agribusiness, Activists, and Their Shared Politics of the Future. \u003C/em>McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"aa0a\" id=\"aa0a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Immaculate Conception of Data\u003C/em> reviews the legal agreements around agricultural big data. The book explores the concentration of data within large corporations and examines “the work of corporate scientists, farmers using the data, and activist ‘hackers’ building open-source data platforms.” Bronson argues that these groups share a way of speaking about data and its value for the future.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cab7\" id=\"cab7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://www.mqup.ca/immaculate-conception-of-data--the-products-9780228011224.php?page_id=46&\" data-href=\"https://www.mqup.ca/immaculate-conception-of-data--the-products-9780228011224.php?page_id=46&\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"8b03\" id=\"8b03\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*2DmQmId0sy2-i_ui\" data-width=\"325\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*2DmQmId0sy2-i_ui\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"7147\" id=\"7147\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Curry, Edward, Simon Scerri, and Tuomo Tuikka. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data Spaces: Design, Deployment, and Future Directions.\u003C/em> Springer, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f8d7\" id=\"f8d7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In this open-access book, the authors break down the requirements for building a successful data space. They examine the organizational design and methods of a data space, data governance structures, and the use of artificial intelligence in data spaces through a range of multi-sectoral use cases. They close with a discussion on future best practices, especially in light of European governance measures, to design trustworthy and privacy-preserving data spaces.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"558b\" id=\"558b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-98636-0#about-this-book\" data-href=\"https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-98636-0#about-this-book\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"415b\" id=\"415b\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*O2u57oQzBtO9c6np\" data-width=\"339\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*O2u57oQzBtO9c6np\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"b845\" id=\"b845\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Frank, Christopher J., Paul F. Magnone, and Oded Netzer. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Decisions Over Decimals: Striking the Balance between Intuition and Information\u003C/em>. Wiley, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ef58\" id=\"ef58\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This book illuminates better ways of using data to make decisions. Exploring the concept of Quantitative Intuition, which combines data intelligence with human judgment to create decisions, the authors help decision-makers harness data to make smarter, more informed choices.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a2b9\" id=\"a2b9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://www.wiley.com/en-us/Decisions+Over+Decimals:+Striking+the+Balance+between+Intuition+and+Information-p-9781119898481\" data-href=\"https://www.wiley.com/en-us/Decisions+Over+Decimals:+Striking+the+Balance+between+Intuition+and+Information-p-9781119898481\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"a505\" id=\"a505\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*klWuMp9OfDPi3VcU\" data-width=\"333\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*klWuMp9OfDPi3VcU\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"6154\" id=\"6154\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Gwilt, Ian. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Making Data: Materializing Digital Information.\u003C/em> Bloomsbury, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5415\" id=\"5415\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In this edited anthology, contributors discuss new ways of presenting data through artifacts, environments, and digital objects for better visualization and understanding of information. Applying these practices to ecology, smart cities, and augmented reality, they show how data can be shaped and presented for widespread and creative understanding of information that goes beyond statistics and spreadsheets.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3dbd\" id=\"3dbd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/making-data-materializing-digital-information/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/making-data-materializing-digital-information/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"bd3e\" id=\"bd3e\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*RGp_vhNlsAnEREfQ\" data-width=\"377\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*RGp_vhNlsAnEREfQ\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"6131\" id=\"6131\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Kubica, Jeremy. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data Structures the Fun Way: An Amusing Adventure with Coffee-Filled Examples.\u003C/em> No Starch Press, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8fb6\" id=\"8fb6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Kubica explains data structures for computer science programming through diagrams, pseudocode, and analogies and demonstrates how these concepts are applied across numerous coding languages.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b975\" id=\"b975\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://nostarch.com/data-structures-fun-way\" data-href=\"https://nostarch.com/data-structures-fun-way\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"3368\" id=\"3368\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*oDAPtgRQmJ1faEet\" data-width=\"334\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*oDAPtgRQmJ1faEet\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"3675\" id=\"3675\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Lamdan, Sarah. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data Cartels: The Companies That Control and Monopolize Our Information\u003C/em>. Stanford University Press, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"849b\" id=\"849b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In this book, Lamdan pulls back the curtain on data cartels — the few and unregulated companies that underpin the brunt of our critical informational resources. She discusses how these companies engage in mining and selling our data and the ways in which they circumvent existing information and privacy laws to perpetuate digital discrimination and targeting.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bbdd\" id=\"bbdd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://www.sup.org/books/title/?id=33205\" data-href=\"https://www.sup.org/books/title/?id=33205\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"2a88\" id=\"2a88\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*Q95WlC3MgqqiJzqf\" data-width=\"330\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Q95WlC3MgqqiJzqf\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"5c9a\" id=\"5c9a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Murphy, Brian Michael. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">We The Dead: Preserving Data at the End of the World\u003C/em>. University of North Carolina Press, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a2ef\" id=\"a2ef\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In this book, Murphy traces the emergence of the data complex — the system of data collection and storage on individuals’ personal information — from early-20th century record-keeping practices to today’s cloud and cryptocurrency technologies. He discusses how the blurring between humans and machines creates new opportunities for storing digital information that can persist long after humans.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5f26\" id=\"5f26\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://uncpress.org/book/9781469668284/we-the-dead/\" data-href=\"https://uncpress.org/book/9781469668284/we-the-dead/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"16d3\" id=\"16d3\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*bL5XeJMVySS5m4Wu\" data-width=\"335\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*bL5XeJMVySS5m4Wu\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"4094\" id=\"4094\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Renieris, Elizabeth M. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Beyond Data: Reclaiming Human Rights at the Dawn of the Metaverse\u003C/em>. The MIT Press, 2023.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e033\" id=\"e033\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Renieris echoes existing stances that unchecked technology poses a threat to human dignity and autonomy. However, she argues that the focus on data protection efforts has forgotten to protect people and core human values. Looking at legal and corporate policy frameworks created to advance data privacy, Renieris argues that data is not an “objective trust” but a dynamic web of facts. She closes with a human rights-based framework for technology regulation that centers on human principles that can ethically and responsibly check technology.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"93a9\" id=\"93a9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262047821/\" data-href=\"https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262047821/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"f9cd\" id=\"f9cd\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*LIfSNRfrWEZ9u61q\" data-width=\"328\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*LIfSNRfrWEZ9u61q\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"1441\" id=\"1441\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Robinson, Pamela, and Teresa Scassa. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Future of Open Data: Law, Technology, and Media\u003C/em>. University of Toronto Press, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ef91\" id=\"ef91\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This multi-year research looks at how open government geospatial data can be utilized across disciplines and sectors. The authors look at the origins and current practices of open data in a Canadian context, discussing the Indigenous data sovereignty movement and the challenges of existing open data practices. They close by pondering the future of open data and its applications in Canada, local and rural governments, and other countries.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"963a\" id=\"963a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://utpdistribution.com/9780776629735/the-future-of-open-data/\" data-href=\"https://utpdistribution.com/9780776629735/the-future-of-open-data/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"6c93\" id=\"6c93\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*cruVjfUjhr0VQnpm\" data-width=\"334\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*cruVjfUjhr0VQnpm\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"23a2\" id=\"23a2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Stephens-Davidowitz, Seth. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Don’t Trust Your Gut\u003C/em>. HarperCollins, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c6d6\" id=\"c6d6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Traditionally, people undertake self-improvement with advice from their closest friends and family and their intuition. Data scientist Stephens-Davidowitz takes a different approach to life’s biggest decisions: he advocates for data-driven decision-making. From dating to career planning, he looks at the data collected over the past multiple decades to discern smarter ways of making choices and improving our lives.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dec4\" id=\"dec4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/dont-trust-your-gut%ef%bf%bc/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/dont-trust-your-gut%ef%bf%bc/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"da59\" id=\"da59\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*J9Kry4z6rNvNzp85\" data-width=\"333\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*J9Kry4z6rNvNzp85\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"b73c\" id=\"b73c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sturge, Georgina. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Bad Data\u003C/em>: How governments, politicians and the rest of us get misled by numbers. Hachette UK, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"03c2\" id=\"03c2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Sturge considers how data can be misconstrued by governments and lead to inaccurate statistics. She looks at the history of inconsistent and uncertain data practices that lead to questionable statistics through a series of troubling to absurd examples. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Bad Data\u003C/em> stresses the need for statistical literacy and policymaking transparency to show the accountability of data-driven claims and help individuals build a more critical understanding of facts.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0caa\" id=\"0caa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://www.hachette.co.uk/titles/georgina-sturge/bad-data/9780349128603/\" data-href=\"https://www.hachette.co.uk/titles/georgina-sturge/bad-data/9780349128603/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"9466\" id=\"9466\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Artificial Intelligence\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"a62f\" id=\"a62f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*FMbgFFMyfpaQZTSG\" data-width=\"331\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*FMbgFFMyfpaQZTSG\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"5102\" id=\"5102\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Aloisi, Antonio, and Valerio De Stefano. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Your Boss Is an Algorithm: Artificial Intelligence, Platform Work and Labour\u003C/em>. Bloomsbury 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d29e\" id=\"d29e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This book assesses the impact of robots, algorithms, and online platforms on the state and future of work, from streamlining practices to creating surveillance systems that infringe on worker rights. Through case studies from the EU, UK, and US, Aloisi and De Stefano look at how work has changed and is likely to change in the future. They close with a discussion on new regulatory practices to protect workers while promoting innovation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"85b1\" id=\"85b1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bloomsbury.com/us/your-boss-is-an-algorithm-9781509953196/\" data-href=\"https://www.bloomsbury.com/us/your-boss-is-an-algorithm-9781509953196/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"3d87\" id=\"3d87\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*UouFaRfnrII4ESt2\" data-width=\"345\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*UouFaRfnrII4ESt2\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"cf62\" id=\"cf62\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Autor, David, David A. Mindell, and Elisabeth B. Reynolds. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Work of the Future: Building Better Jobs in an Age of Intelligence Machines\u003C/em>. The MIT Press, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ff89\" id=\"ff89\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Building on findings from the MIT Task Force on the Work of the Future, the authors look at why U.S. innovation climbs while the quality of life for low- and middle-class workers stay stagnant. They argue that technology is neither the problem nor the solution to the changing work climate. Rather, they stress the need to support workers during long cycles of technological transformation to leverage technological innovation for a more equitable distribution of its benefits.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"53e4\" id=\"53e4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262046367/\" data-href=\"https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262046367/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"dee2\" id=\"dee2\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*RYgq-DRcpc85MGT0\" data-width=\"337\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*RYgq-DRcpc85MGT0\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"0e7b\" id=\"0e7b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Buchanan, Ben, and Andrew Imbrie. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The New Fire: War, Peace, and Democracy in the Age of AI\u003C/em>. MIT Press, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2ce1\" id=\"2ce1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Buchanan and Imbrie compare the invention of AI to the discovery of fire: When harnessed responsibly, it is a force for good but wielded carelessly, it will wreak havoc. They break down the “new fire” of AI into three sections: data, algorithms, and computing power and examine how each “spark” can be used to achieve utopian and dystopian ends by governments.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"efcc\" id=\"efcc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/the-new-fire-war-peace-and-democracy-in-the-age-of-ai/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/the-new-fire-war-peace-and-democracy-in-the-age-of-ai/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"ad09\" id=\"ad09\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*XBYIiPBQaxItspu3\" data-width=\"329\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*XBYIiPBQaxItspu3\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"b501\" id=\"b501\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Christin, Angèle. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Metrics at Work: Journalism and the Contested Meaning of Algorithms\u003C/em>. Princeton University Press, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2b73\" id=\"2b73\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Christin demonstrates the different ways in which data and metrics are reacted to by U.S. and French journalism strategies. Drawing on four years of research in newsrooms, she shows how cultural and historical differences influence the interpretation of web traffic, site clicks, and audience analytics, demonstrating how data can be influenced by society at large.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fec1\" id=\"fec1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://press.princeton.edu/books/paperback/9780691234458/metrics-at-work\" data-href=\"https://press.princeton.edu/books/paperback/9780691234458/metrics-at-work\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"2dd8\" id=\"2dd8\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*HKZmPLbPm_63nY3e\" data-width=\"342\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*HKZmPLbPm_63nY3e\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"c1f5\" id=\"c1f5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Davenport, Thomas H., and Steven M. Miller. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Working with AI: Real Stories of Human-Machine Collaboration\u003C/em>. The MIT Press, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7e2b\" id=\"7e2b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Working with AI\u003C/em> argues that AI is not a job destroyer, but rather a job changer that requires human-machine collaboration. Through real-world case studies, the authors demonstrate how AI will enhance jobs by automating some aspects of work, creating opportunities for humans to hone in on more complex aspects of tasks.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ba9e\" id=\"ba9e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262047241/working-with-ai/\" data-href=\"https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262047241/working-with-ai/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"cab4\" id=\"cab4\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*6wJRXyA3cFmfwMj9\" data-width=\"324\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*6wJRXyA3cFmfwMj9\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"9aa5\" id=\"9aa5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Findlay, Mark, and Jolyon Ford, Josephine Seah, and Dilan Thampapillai. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Regulatory Insights on Artificial Intelligence\u003C/em>. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7603\" id=\"7603\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In this book, the authors explore the relationship between existing laws and regulations and AI governance to understand how policy can be used to check AI and harness its power for good. They examine key issues around data collection and privacy, data (re)use, IP rights, and surveillance to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of AI to call for more innovative, socially-oriented regulation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7e80\" id=\"7e80\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/regulatory-insights-on-artificial-intelligence/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/regulatory-insights-on-artificial-intelligence/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"ff3d\" id=\"ff3d\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*EcQyJuaYyL4amy9D\" data-width=\"331\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*EcQyJuaYyL4amy9D\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"c9bc\" id=\"c9bc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Hampton, Andrew J., and Jeanine A. DeFalco (eds.). \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Frontlines of Artificial Intelligence Ethics\u003C/em>. Routledge, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c9be\" id=\"c9be\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Frontlines of Artificial Intelligence Ethics\u003C/em>, Hampton and DeFalco assess the history of data science and policy perspectives around artificial intelligence and ethics. Through social, technological, and economic frameworks, they consider how changing social relationships between humans and AI influence ethical needs across a variety of case studies. They close with a look at how decision-makers can improve the future of AI ethics.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"544e\" id=\"544e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/edit/10.4324/9781003030928/frontlines-artificial-intelligence-ethics-jeanine-defalco-andrew-hampton?refId=9aecae85-bac7-4911-b6a5-f5476d9d3366&context=ubx\" data-href=\"https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/edit/10.4324/9781003030928/frontlines-artificial-intelligence-ethics-jeanine-defalco-andrew-hampton?refId=9aecae85-bac7-4911-b6a5-f5476d9d3366&context=ubx\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"1272\" id=\"1272\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*w9tF7hdfENnkHFTT\" data-width=\"330\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*w9tF7hdfENnkHFTT\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"3f87\" id=\"3f87\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Kore, Akshay. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Designing Human-Centric AI Experiences\u003C/em>. SpringerLink, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c78c\" id=\"c78c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Designing Human-Centric AI Experiences\u003C/em>, Kore, a senior product designer, discusses UX design in light of the growing use of machine learning and artificial intelligence. He gives readers insight into how to harness applied UX design techniques for their teams and looks at how they can create new design systems and ethics.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1e4e\" id=\"1e4e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-4842-8088-1#about-this-book\" data-href=\"https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-4842-8088-1#about-this-book\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"b2c3\" id=\"b2c3\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*Z-lMHHefwYkupX4w\" data-width=\"352\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Z-lMHHefwYkupX4w\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"4bcb\" id=\"4bcb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Lapenta, Francesco. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Our Common AI Future — A Geopolitical Analysis and Road Map, for AI Driven Sustainable Development, Science and Data Diplomacy.\u003C/em> DataEthics, 2021.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e991\" id=\"e991\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Lapenta looks at the past, present, and future of AI innovation and its relationship with the Sustainable Development Goals. He contextualizes global action on AI regulation and uses existing data principles, data sharing structures, and data stewardship practices. He calls on global governance practices that codify ‘red lines’ for AI to prohibit its use in ways that are unethical or harmful to the planet. He also advocates for ‘green zones’ for multilateral cooperation and scientific cooperation to advance AI research.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ab72\" id=\"ab72\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/our-common-ai-future-a-geopolitical-analysis-and-road-map-for-ai-driven-sustainable-development-science-and-data-diplomacy/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/our-common-ai-future-a-geopolitical-analysis-and-road-map-for-ai-driven-sustainable-development-science-and-data-diplomacy/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"1c0e\" id=\"1c0e\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*2D8UVoUXLtIlpqOj\" data-width=\"331\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*2D8UVoUXLtIlpqOj\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"8d27\" id=\"8d27\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Robinson, David G. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Voices in the Code\u003C/em>. Russell Sage, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f223\" id=\"f223\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Investigating how “moral” applications of artificial intelligence are carried out, Robinson critically examines the true story of a new transplant-matching algorithm, the Kidney Allocation System. The algorithm was built between 2004 and 2014 with participation from a diverse group of patients, medical professionals, technical experts, and public officials. Considering the criticisms and merits of the program’s creation, he looks at ways in which public participation, transparency, and accountability can be embedded in algorithms and code.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"51d6\" id=\"51d6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://www.russellsage.org/publications/voices-code\" data-href=\"https://www.russellsage.org/publications/voices-code\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"543c\" id=\"543c\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Collective Intelligence\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"b2ef\" id=\"b2ef\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*Ou1IQBaj7jBo47Dj\" data-width=\"336\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Ou1IQBaj7jBo47Dj\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"492e\" id=\"492e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Anwar, Mohammad Amir, and Mark Graham. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Digital Continent: Placing Africa in Planetary Networks of Work\u003C/em>. Oxford University Press, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cc11\" id=\"cc11\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The past decade has seen an explosion in digital connections between individuals, especially within African states. In a world where location is not a major limiting factor for socio-economic opportunity due to global online connectivity, digital work creates new prospects for African workers. In this open-access book, the authors present the findings of their five-year longitudinal study of workers in South Africa, Kenya Nigeria, Ghana, and Uganda to understand how the future of work — through online platforms, remote setups, and call and contact centers — will impact African workers.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1a83\" id=\"1a83\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/the-digital-continent-placing-africa-in-planetary-networks-of-work/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/the-digital-continent-placing-africa-in-planetary-networks-of-work/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"b520\" id=\"b520\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*1lOd8O75S6z83Heu\" data-width=\"353\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*1lOd8O75S6z83Heu\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"6945\" id=\"6945\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Gabrys, Jennifer. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Citizens of Worlds: Open-Air Toolkits for Environmental Struggle.\u003C/em> University of Minnesota Press, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3a9e\" id=\"3a9e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Citizens of Worlds\u003C/em> provides a systematic study of the use of internet of things technologies to monitor and respond to air pollution across the world. Using data from the Citizen Sense research group, Gabrys demonstrates ways in which technologies are used to detect air quality and pollution while navigating their interactions with communities, governments, and environments.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2b72\" id=\"2b72\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://www.upress.umn.edu/book-division/books/citizens-of-worlds\" data-href=\"https://www.upress.umn.edu/book-division/books/citizens-of-worlds\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"205f\" id=\"205f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*Kw-kpwqOAAliP6Th\" data-width=\"330\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Kw-kpwqOAAliP6Th\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"abdc\" id=\"abdc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Gehl, Robert W., and Sean T. Lawson. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Social Engineering: How Crowdmasters, Phreaks, Hackers, and Trolls Created a New Form of Manipulative Communication.\u003C/em> The MIT Press, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b1f8\" id=\"b1f8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The authors look at where and how manipulated information takes shape across numerous industries, as well as earlier misinformation techniques to social engineer the masses. They explore the methods by which misinformation is created and spread and look at ways to deprogram social engineering to mitigate misinformation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"200f\" id=\"200f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://direct.mit.edu/books/oa-monograph/5281/Social-EngineeringHow-Crowdmasters-Phreaks-Hackers\" data-href=\"https://direct.mit.edu/books/oa-monograph/5281/Social-EngineeringHow-Crowdmasters-Phreaks-Hackers\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"dcd6\" id=\"dcd6\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*ibumRUcTBrBI-Klv\" data-width=\"334\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*ibumRUcTBrBI-Klv\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"4a0f\" id=\"4a0f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Mantelero, Alessandro, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Beyond Data: Human Rights, Ethical and Social Impact Assessment in AI.\u003C/em> T.M.C. Asser Press The Hague. 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b035\" id=\"b035\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In this book, Alessandro Mantelero, Associate Professor of Private Law and Law & Technology at the Polytechnic University of Turin, examines the impact of artificial intelligence on individuals and society from a legal perspective. He then provides “ a comprehensive risk-based methodological framework to address it” that highlights the limits of data protection and offers solutions based in human rights and societal value. The piece draws extensively on current and future European policy and regulation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"335d\" id=\"335d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/beyond-data-human-rights-ethical-and-social-impact-assessment-in-ai-2/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/beyond-data-human-rights-ethical-and-social-impact-assessment-in-ai-2/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"eed1\" id=\"eed1\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*xHWaNAUxFG4MGQPl\" data-width=\"330\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*xHWaNAUxFG4MGQPl\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"d350\" id=\"d350\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Nielsen, Rasmus Kleis, and Sarah Anne Ganter. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Power of Platforms\u003C/em>. Oxford University Press, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2faa\" id=\"2faa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Power of Platforms\u003C/em>, Nielsen and Ganter examine the power and popularity of online platforms over modern news and media journalism. They look at how social media platforms have reshaped the way news is presented, what this means for evolving platform-publisher relationships, and who stands to benefit from these information flows.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bac3\" id=\"bac3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-power-of-platforms-9780190908867?lang=en&cc=us#\" data-href=\"https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-power-of-platforms-9780190908867?lang=en&cc=us#\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"44dc\" id=\"44dc\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*ES0YvqsnGnt0dPpC\" data-width=\"328\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*ES0YvqsnGnt0dPpC\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"25ae\" id=\"25ae\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Randma-Liiv, Tiina, and Veiko Lember. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Engaging Citizens in Policy Making: e-Participation Practices in Europe\u003C/em>. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4edb\" id=\"4edb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In this open-access book, Randma-Liiv and Lember gather different techniques and examples of e-participation in policymaking and governance from across Europe at national and local levels. From this case-based analysis, they uncover successful tactics and enabling factors for greater citizen and government involvement through digital tools.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cb86\" id=\"cb86\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/engaging-citizens-in-policy-making/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/engaging-citizens-in-policy-making/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"5818\" id=\"5818\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*7dEhC9_ULI-gNt3U\" data-width=\"337\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*7dEhC9_ULI-gNt3U\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"0df1\" id=\"0df1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Splichal, Slavko. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Datafication of Public Opinion and the Public Sphere: How Extraction Replaced Expression of Opinion.\u003C/em> European Communication Research and Education Association, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7c2e\" id=\"7c2e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Examining the rise of the ‘court of public opinion’ through history, Splichal introduces a new conceptual model of publicness that centers on visibility, access, reflexivity, mediation, influence, and legitimacy. He then looks at how public sentiment and opinion data are collected by modern technology, such as data mining and algorithms.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8fd7\" id=\"8fd7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://ecrea.eu/page-18206/12847613\" data-href=\"https://ecrea.eu/page-18206/12847613\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"ea51\" id=\"ea51\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*T0VhPFLPYZ7DBZgu\" data-width=\"309\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*T0VhPFLPYZ7DBZgu\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"c80c\" id=\"c80c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Verma, Neeta, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Citizen Empowerment through Digital Transformation in Government. \u003C/em>Taylor & Francis Group. 2021.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b352\" id=\"b352\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In this book edited by Verma, a variety of authors describe the ways that technologies and platforms are facilitating greater citizen engagement with the government. Relying on real-world examples from India, where information and communications technology has played a major role, it describes how institutions can deliver citizen-centric services and empower individuals working across sectors.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f205\" id=\"f205\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/citizen-empowerment-through-digital-transformation-in-government/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/citizen-empowerment-through-digital-transformation-in-government/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"a86d\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"afb4\" id=\"afb4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading graf--trailing\">Happy reading! We look forward to engaging with more thought-provoking reads around responsible and sustainable data and data governance practices in 2023.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/2022s-noteworthy-books-on-data-ai-and-ci-curated-by-the-living-library",{"title":1295,"description":1298},"2022s-noteworthy-books-on-data-ai-and-ci-curated-by-the-living-library","blogposts/2022s-noteworthy-books-on-data-ai-and-ci-curated-by-the-living-library","CLIFMnpH-u8EAexrp_qowTYB7hyKzcWFjv3h5OFsU2k",{"id":1308,"title":1309,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1310,"body":34,"category":44,"date":1311,"description":1312,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1309,"image":1313,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1314,"meta":1315,"navigation":15,"path":1316,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1317,"slug":1318,"startTime":34,"stem":1319,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1320},"blogposts/blogposts/2022-year-in-review-fostering-systematic-sustainable-and-responsible-data-re-use-for-social.json","2022 Year in Review: Fostering Systematic, Sustainable and Responsible Data Re-use for Social",[],"2022-12-19T14:27:48","As an action-research center, The GovLab's Data Program's goal is to unlock and advance the re-use of data to empower decision-makers...","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*2yWVzcKVmiQDmOHT","\n\u003Csection name=\"aa11\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"a0c7\" id=\"a0c7\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">2022 Year in Review: Fostering Systematic, Sustainable and Responsible Data Re-use for Social Impact\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"0e80\" id=\"0e80\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*2yWVzcKVmiQDmOHT\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"1065\" data-is-featured=\"true\" alt=\"Aerial image of New York City by night.\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*2yWVzcKVmiQDmOHT\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Photo: Unsplash/\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/_SFJhRPzJHs\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/_SFJhRPzJHs\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">@NASA\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\"> is licensed under \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\" data-href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">CC0\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"7f9d\" id=\"7f9d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">As an action-research center, The GovLab’s Data Program’s goal is to unlock and advance the re-use of data to empower decision-makers across sectors to address societal challenges. As 2022 draws to a close, we take this opportunity to reflect on all that we’ve accomplished this year and how we might build on our work in 2023 and beyond. In what follows below, we summarize key activities according to the four pillars of the \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Third Wave of Open Data\u003C/a>, which include:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"409a\" id=\"409a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Becoming more intentional and purpose driven when (re)using data and AI;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5c2b\" id=\"5c2b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Fostering partnerships and data collaboration;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c30b\" id=\"c30b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Advancing data and AI governance innovation at the subnational level; and\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2fbb\" id=\"2fbb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Prioritizing data responsibility.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"a308\" id=\"a308\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">We are grateful for the continued support of our partners and funders, namely Agence française de développement (the French Development Agency), CAF Development Bank of Latin America, the Inter-American Development Bank, the Swiss Federal Government, the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre, the European Union, G7, G20, Microsoft, Luminate, the Paul Ramsay Foundation, the Knight Foundation, the Barilla Foundation, the National Science Foundation, IOM’s Global Migration Data Analysis Centre, UNICEF, UNHCR, UNDP, WHO, the World Resources Institute, the European University Institute-School of Transnational Governance, and PLACE, without whom none of this would be possible.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"d4c5\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"5f4b\" id=\"5f4b\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading\">Becoming more intentional and purpose driven when (re)using data and AI\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"185f\" id=\"185f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">A key aspect of our work is to understand the demand-side of data initiatives (i.e. what users and beneficiaries want to get from a data-driven project) and to match that to existing and new data supply. Scoping data supply and demand can create interventions that actually matter to the communities they seek to serve and foster a practice of purposeful data use and re-use.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7940\" id=\"7940\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Relevant projects and publications include:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4e5b\" id=\"4e5b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The 100 Questions Initiative\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"24a7\" id=\"24a7\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*hrR7ojjws6Cztoxd\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"653\" alt=\"The 100 Questions website.\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*hrR7ojjws6Cztoxd\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"9c60\" id=\"9c60\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The 100 Questions initiative seeks to map the world’s 100 most pressing, high impact questions that could be answered if relevant datasets were leveraged in a responsible manner. In 2022, we made headway on the domains of air quality, food systems sustainability, governance, and mobility.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"b3c5\" id=\"b3c5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://air-quality.the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://air-quality.the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Air Quality Domain\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">: \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>Published in 2022, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.wri.org/research/knowing-doing-operationalizing-100-questions-air-quality-initiative\" data-href=\"https://www.wri.org/research/knowing-doing-operationalizing-100-questions-air-quality-initiative\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“From Knowing to Doing: Operationalizing the 100 Questions for Air Quality Initiative\u003C/a>” summarizes the September 2021 capstone event that wrapped up \u003Ca href=\"https://air-quality.the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://air-quality.the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the 100 Questions for Air Quality domain\u003C/a>, led by The GovLab and the World Resources Institute (WRI). Co-hosted by the Clean Air Fund, the Climate and Clean Air Coalition, and the Clean Air Catalyst, this conference featured “a group of 100 atmospheric scientists, policy experts, academics, and data providers from around the world to identify the most important questions for setting a new, high-impact agenda for further investments in data and data science” to maintain and create clean air quality.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"aad6\" id=\"aad6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://governance.the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://governance.the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Governance Domain\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">: \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>The GovLab, alongside the Asia Foundation, the Centre for Strategic and International Studies in Indonesia, and the BRAC Institute of Governance and Development launched the \u003Ca href=\"https://governance.the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://governance.the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Governance domain of the 100 Questions Initiative\u003C/a> at the end of 2021/early 2022. This domain looked at ways data can make governance more efficient, effective, and equitable. Read about the domain’s top-ten most pressing questions in the final report by Uma Kalkar and Stefaan Verhulst, \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/improving-governance-with-data-building-data-collaboratives-for-the-100-questions-governance-490b32c6067c\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/improving-governance-with-data-building-data-collaboratives-for-the-100-questions-governance-490b32c6067c\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ced8\" id=\"ced8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://food.the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://food.the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Food Systems Sustainability Domain\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">: \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>Along with the Barilla Foundation and the Center for European Policy Studies, The GovLab launched the \u003Ca href=\"https://food.the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://food.the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Food Systems Sustainability domain of the 100 Questions Initiative\u003C/a> in early 2022. Working with food and climate science ‘bilinguals’, we sourced and distilled over 70 questions to uncover the top ten most pressing ones for subject matter experts and the general public alike. Read the final blog \u003Ca href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/post/data-for-good-food-launch-of-public-voting\" data-href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/post/data-for-good-food-launch-of-public-voting\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2801\" id=\"2801\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mobility.the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://mobility.the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Urban Mobility and Transportation Domain\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">: \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>In April, The GovLab, in collaboration with the Development Bank of Latin America (CAF), the Transformative Urban Mobility Initiative (TUMI) and the New Urban Mobility Alliance (NUMO), launched the \u003Ca href=\"https://mobility.the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://mobility.the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Urban Mobility and Transportation domain of the 100 Questions Initiative\u003C/a>. The domain sought to identify the “most pressing, impactful questions regarding safe, accessible, inclusive and sustainable mobility which data and data science have the potential to answer.” Read more about their findings in the final report by Uma Kalkar and Nadiya Safonova, \u003Ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/16C5DbavzWzwGnNuc-Vfpmhi6C_cyXH0t/view\" data-href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/16C5DbavzWzwGnNuc-Vfpmhi6C_cyXH0t/view\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"49d3\" id=\"49d3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">“\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.afd.fr/en/ressources/building-data-infrastructure-development-contexts-lessons-data4covid19-africa-challenge\" data-href=\"https://www.afd.fr/en/ressources/building-data-infrastructure-development-contexts-lessons-data4covid19-africa-challenge\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Building Data Infrastructure in Development Contexts: Lessons from the #Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge”\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"801a\" id=\"801a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The report \u003Ca href=\"https://www.afd.fr/en/ressources/building-data-infrastructure-development-contexts-lessons-data4covid19-africa-challenge\" data-href=\"https://www.afd.fr/en/ressources/building-data-infrastructure-development-contexts-lessons-data4covid19-africa-challenge\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“Building Data Infrastructure in Development Contexts: Lessons from the #Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge”\u003C/a> by Stefaan Verhulst, Andrew J. Zahuranec, and Andrew Young captures the findings from the \u003Ca href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/\" data-href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">#Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge\u003C/a>, a “six-month effort by Expertise France, The GovLab, and the Agence française de développement (AFD) to improve data systems across Africa for COVID-19 response provides insights on ways to achieve this goal.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e6ae\" id=\"e6ae\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The challenge selected seven awardees to receive AFD funding for projects that use data to understand the impact of COVID-19 within the African context. Information about the challenge and the recipients can be found \u003Ca href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/blog.html\" data-href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/blog.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>. As well, The GovLab also published \u003Ca href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/blog/data4covid19-africa-challenge-interview-videos\" data-href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/blog/data4covid19-africa-challenge-interview-videos\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a short video series of interviews\u003C/a> with challenge participants to “provide important context on issues such as data access and quality in enabling work.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9e82\" id=\"9e82\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://review.data4covid19.org/\" data-href=\"https://review.data4covid19.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The #Data4COVID19 Review\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"77ac\" id=\"77ac\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*CjK5eXmgXK8Sr9HR\" data-width=\"1076\" data-height=\"1394\" alt=\"The #Data4COVID19 Review cover.\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*CjK5eXmgXK8Sr9HR\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"2d59\" id=\"2d59\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">With support from the Knight Foundation, The GovLab’s Hannah Chafetz, Andrew J. Zahuranec, Sara Marcucci, Behruz Davletov, and Stefaan Verhulst conducted \u003Ca href=\"https://review.data4covid19.org/\" data-href=\"https://review.data4covid19.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">year-long research\u003C/a> on “if and how non-traditional data was used during the different waves of the COVID-19 pandemic and to provide guidance for how future data systems may be more effectively employed in future dynamic crises.” These findings were assembled in the \u003Ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6228efe9bbdd294f0d98edfe/t/6361b53bd7cff8433cae6780/1667347780763/Data4COVID19+Review_Full+Report_31.10.22.pdf\" data-href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6228efe9bbdd294f0d98edfe/t/6361b53bd7cff8433cae6780/1667347780763/Data4COVID19+Review_Full+Report_31.10.22.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“#Data4COVID19 Review: Assessing the Use of Non-Traditional Data During a Pandemic Crisis”\u003C/a> report.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"faff\" id=\"faff\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In early December, The GovLab held a \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/the-govlab-hosts-a-webinar-on-lessons-learned-from-non-traditional-data-use-amid-covid-19-ea88090c43e7?source=rss------data-5\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/the-govlab-hosts-a-webinar-on-lessons-learned-from-non-traditional-data-use-amid-covid-19-ea88090c43e7?source=rss------data-5\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">virtual panel\u003C/a> featuring Dr. Ana Beduschi, Dr. Chinwe Lucia Ochu, and Dr. Daniela Paolotti to discuss the ramifications of the report’s findings.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"983a\" id=\"983a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Find here the \u003Ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6228efe9bbdd294f0d98edfe/t/6361b53bd7cff8433cae6780/1667347780763/Data4COVID19+Review_Full+Report_31.10.22.pdf\" data-href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6228efe9bbdd294f0d98edfe/t/6361b53bd7cff8433cae6780/1667347780763/Data4COVID19+Review_Full+Report_31.10.22.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">full report\u003C/a> and the two primers on “\u003Ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6228efe9bbdd294f0d98edfe/t/638e6e0ea652fc3e1079d1d4/1670278671228/What+is+non-traditional+data_+11.30+%281%29.pdf\" data-href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6228efe9bbdd294f0d98edfe/t/638e6e0ea652fc3e1079d1d4/1670278671228/What+is+non-traditional+data_+11.30+%281%29.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">What is Non-Traditional Data?\u003C/a>” and “\u003Ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6228efe9bbdd294f0d98edfe/t/6390eb481573755e3821e18d/1670441800478/Learnings+From+COVID-19+11.30+%281%29.pdf\" data-href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6228efe9bbdd294f0d98edfe/t/6390eb481573755e3821e18d/1670441800478/Learnings+From+COVID-19+11.30+%281%29.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Lessons from COVID-19\u003C/a>.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fcce\" id=\"fcce\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.globalpeacetech.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.globalpeacetech.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Global PeaceTech Hub\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"889b\" id=\"889b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The \u003Ca href=\"https://www.globalpeacetech.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.globalpeacetech.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Global PeaceTech Hub\u003C/a> is “a hub for researchers, peacebuilders, tech companies and change makers to investigate the role of technology in building peace across borders.” Built in partnership with the EUI School of Transnational Governance, the University of Lucerne’s Institute of Social Ethics, and The GovLab, this project aims to fill the “gap at the intersection between peace studies and global governance” and “to promote the responsible use of technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, the Internet of Things, blockchain, technical architectures for e-identity, and many more, in support of peace.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b6e8\" id=\"b6e8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As part of this effort, The GovLab’s Behruz Davletov, Uma Kalkar, Marine Ragnet and Stefaan Verhulst produced the \u003Ca href=\"https://files.thegovlab.org/PeaceTechTopicMap.pdf\" data-href=\"https://files.thegovlab.org/PeaceTechTopicMap.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“PeaceTech Topic Map: A Research Base for an Emerging Field\u003C/a>.” This topic map provides an important “an overview of the state of modern and emerging peace technologies, categorized by the technologies that enable peace, use case applications of PeaceTech, and challenges and risks posed by PeaceTech.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f1d0\" id=\"f1d0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In November, the first Conference on Global PeaceTech was held in Florence. Conference proceedings can be found \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/situating-peacetech-takeaways-from-the-inaugural-global-peacetech-conference-222b2e1f7ae9\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/situating-peacetech-takeaways-from-the-inaugural-global-peacetech-conference-222b2e1f7ae9\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"9e99\" id=\"9e99\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*SxaYSrHoLjnGj6sM\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"713\" alt=\"Global PeaceTech Hub homepage.\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*SxaYSrHoLjnGj6sM\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"a016\" id=\"a016\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/data-for-peace-and-humanitarian-response-the-case-of-the-ukraine-russia-war-a811f690bcc0\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/data-for-peace-and-humanitarian-response-the-case-of-the-ukraine-russia-war-a811f690bcc0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">“Data for Peace and Humanitarian Response? The Case of the Ukraine-Russia War”\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"601b\" id=\"601b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The GovLab’s Behruz Davletov, Uma Kalkar, Salwa Mansuri, Marine Ragnet and, Stefaan Verhulst published the article \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/data-for-peace-and-humanitarian-response-the-case-of-the-ukraine-russia-war-a811f690bcc0\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/data-for-peace-and-humanitarian-response-the-case-of-the-ukraine-russia-war-a811f690bcc0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">“Data for Peace and Humanitarian Response? The Case of the Ukraine-Russia War”\u003C/a> in the \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data & Policy \u003C/em>blog. In this piece, they explore how “data and data science have become important to tailor, conduct, and monitor emergency responses in conflict zones,” specifically in the case of the Ukraine-Russia War.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9777\" id=\"9777\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00146-022-01410-5\" data-href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00146-022-01410-5\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">“The Ethical Imperative to Identify and Address Data and Intelligence Asymmetries”\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6e4e\" id=\"6e4e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Written by Stefaan Verhulst for \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">AI & Society\u003C/em>, \u003Ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00146-022-01410-5\" data-href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00146-022-01410-5\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“The ethical imperative to identify and address data and intelligence asymmetries”\u003C/a> examines existing data and intelligence asymmetries in the ecosystem, and reinforces the need to address these barriers to the effective sharing and reuse of data for the public good.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"36cd\" id=\"36cd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fdata.2022.888384/full\" data-href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fdata.2022.888384/full\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">“Identifying and Addressing Data Asymmetries so as to Enable (Better) Science”\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3fac\" id=\"3fac\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Published in \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Frontiers\u003C/em>, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fdata.2022.888384/full\" data-href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fdata.2022.888384/full\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“Identifying and Addressing Data Asymmetries so as to Enable (Better) Science”\u003C/a> by Stefaan Verhulst and Andrew Young seeks “to start filling the analytical gap regarding data asymmetries globally, with a specific focus on the asymmetrical availability of privately-held data for open science, and a look at current efforts to address these data asymmetries.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"61f1\" id=\"61f1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.weforum.org/reports/advancing-digital-agency-the-power-of-data-intermediaries\" data-href=\"https://www.weforum.org/reports/advancing-digital-agency-the-power-of-data-intermediaries\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">“Advancing Digital Agency: The Power of Data Intermediaries”\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8e86\" id=\"8e86\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The World Economic Forum’s Taskforce on Data Intermediaries looked at how “to outsource human decision points to an agent acting on an individual’s behalf, in the form of a data intermediary,” as well as the risks and opportunities of these actions, in the report “\u003Ca href=\"https://www.weforum.org/reports/advancing-digital-agency-the-power-of-data-intermediaries\" data-href=\"https://www.weforum.org/reports/advancing-digital-agency-the-power-of-data-intermediaries\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Advancing Digital Agency: The Power of Data Intermediaries\u003C/a>.” The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst was one of the task force members.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"52e4\" id=\"52e4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/selected-readings/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/selected-readings/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Living Library’s Selected Readings Series\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"a7a9\" id=\"a7a9\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*zefCPkw-XL1JLnvM\" data-width=\"1471\" data-height=\"848\" alt=\"The Living Library homepage.\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*zefCPkw-XL1JLnvM\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"8087\" id=\"8087\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">As part of an ongoing effort to build a knowledge base for the field of improving governance through technology, The GovLab publishes a series of Selected Readings, which provide an annotated and curated collection of recommended works on themes such as open data, data collaboration, and civic technology. This year, we published the following pieces:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"51f2\" id=\"51f2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/updated-selected-readings-on-inaccurate-data-half-truths-disinformation-and-mob-violence-9e6f31012fc1\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/updated-selected-readings-on-inaccurate-data-half-truths-disinformation-and-mob-violence-9e6f31012fc1\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Selected Readings on Inaccurate Data, Half-Truths, Disinformation, and Mob Violence\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> by Fiona Cece, Uma Kalkar, Stefaan Verhulst, and Andrew J. Zahuranec reflects on the “one-year anniversary of the January 6, 2021 Capitol Hill Insurrection and its implications of disinformation and data misuse.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"096b\" id=\"096b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/selected-readings-on-digital-self-determination-for-migrants/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/selected-readings-on-digital-self-determination-for-migrants/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Selected Reading on Digital Self-Determination for Migrants\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> by Uma Kalkar, Marine Ragnet, and Stefaan Verhulst looks at “digital self-determination in light of the growing ubiquity of technology applications and specifically focus[es] on their impacts on migrants.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3222\" id=\"3222\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/selected-readings-on-the-intersection-of-data-abortion-care-and-womens-health/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/selected-readings-on-the-intersection-of-data-abortion-care-and-womens-health/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Selected Readings on the Intersection of Data, Abortion Care, and Women’s Health\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> by Uma Kalkar, Salwa Mansuri, and Andrew J. Zahuranec reflects “on the intersection between data, abortion, and women’s health following the United States Supreme Court ruling regarding Dobbs v. Jackson.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ca04\" id=\"ca04\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/selected-readings-on-the-lgtbq-community-and-data-6376e1851b2a\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/selected-readings-on-the-lgtbq-community-and-data-6376e1851b2a\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Selected Readings on the LGTBQ+ Community and Data\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> by Uma Kalkar, Salwa Mansuri, Marine Ragnet, and Andrew J. Zahuranec “investigates what data is (and is not) collected about LGBTQ+ individuals in the areas within healthcare, education, economics, and public policy.”\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"e441\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"c0d8\" id=\"c0d8\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading\">Fostering partnerships and data collaboration\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"87ba\" id=\"87ba\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">This focus is about breaking down institutional silos that prevent collaborations across domains and the horizontal silos that create barriers between skills or capacities inside of institutions. It is also about fostering a culture of purposeful data sharing and re-use helps to democratize information and match data supply with its demand. This year, The GovLab has advanced work on operationalizing data collaboratives, a key method by which intersectoral partners can store, share, and collaborate with data at the center of social good initiatives.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c8c5\" id=\"c8c5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">These projects, publications, and tools include:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ce21\" id=\"ce21\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/explorer.html\" data-href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/explorer.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data Collaboratives Explorer\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2cb0\" id=\"2cb0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/explorer.html\" data-href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/explorer.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Data Collaboratives Explorer\u003C/a> offers a directory of more than 250 real-world examples of data collaboratives across numerous sectors and fields. The GovLab updates this repository with new examples and case studies regularly to ensure that the resource remains up to date and relevant to practitioners in the field.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"0dd0\" id=\"0dd0\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*YcpOwfxqZLDbivVw\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"572\" alt=\"The Big Data for Migration Alliance homepage.\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*YcpOwfxqZLDbivVw\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"da28\" id=\"da28\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://data4migration.org/\" data-href=\"https://data4migration.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Big Data for Migration Alliance\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8942\" id=\"8942\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The \u003Ca href=\"https://data4migration.org/\" data-href=\"https://data4migration.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Big Data for Migration (BD4M) Alliance\u003C/a>, born from The 100 Questions Initiative’s Migration Domain, is a partnership between European Commission’s Knowledge Centre on Migration and Demography (KCMD), IOM’s Global Migration Data Analysis Centre (GMDAC), and The GovLab dedicated to “facilitate responsible data innovation and collaboration to improve the evidence base on migration and human mobility and its use for policy making.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fa6b\" id=\"fa6b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In 2022, with support from the International Network for Digital Self-Determination, the BD4M Alliance hosted two \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/digital-self-determination-as-a-tool-for-migrant-empowerment-f0dc386c8a41\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/digital-self-determination-as-a-tool-for-migrant-empowerment-f0dc386c8a41\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">studios\u003C/a> focused on developing digital self-determination as a tool for migrant empowerment and ensuring the ethical use of data for migration.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6484\" id=\"6484\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://intertidal.agency/tidepooldigital\" data-href=\"https://intertidal.agency/tidepooldigital\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Tidepool Digital\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4568\" id=\"4568\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Funded by the National Science Foundation’s Convergence Accelerator program, \u003Ca href=\"https://intertidal.agency/tidepooldigital\" data-href=\"https://intertidal.agency/tidepooldigital\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Tidepool Digital\u003C/a> is a new partnership between the Intertidal Agency, Openscapes, The GovLab and others aimed at improving data governance in the Blue Economy and enabling sustainable ocean innovation through data stewardship and public-private data collaboration. The multidisciplinary team will “create a suite of open-licensed tools and products focused on increasing data stewardship capacity in three groups: start-up and early-stage ocean businesses, early career researchers, and coastal communities.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4cf5\" id=\"4cf5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In September, The GovLab, the Intertidal Agency and Openscapes hosted \u003Ca href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/post/data-collaboration-for-the-blue-economy\" data-href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/post/data-collaboration-for-the-blue-economy\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a series of studios\u003C/a> focused on “finding new ways to exchange and collaborate around data about our oceans.” The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst taught the group what data collaboratives were and how they could be governed.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d0c9\" id=\"d0c9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://businesscase.opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://businesscase.opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">A User’s Guide to the 9Rs Framework\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cbaf\" id=\"cbaf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The GovLab’s \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Data Policy Lab (ODPL)\u003C/a>, run in partnership with Microsoft, is a “resource hub supporting decision-makers at the local, state and national levels as they work toward accelerating the responsible reuse and sharing of open data for the benefit of society and the equitable spread of economic opportunity.” In November, the ODPL published \u003Ca href=\"https://businesscase.opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://businesscase.opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“A User’s Guide to the 9Rs Framework”\u003C/a> by Lisa Talia Moretti, Andrew J. Zahuranec and Stefaan G. Verhulst, which establishes a business case for data collaboration and data re-use for the public good and provides an interactive worksheet for practitioners to gauge their data efforts against.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"80a1\" id=\"80a1\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*f3rnplFYxI5IYgDR\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"933\" alt=\"A schematic of the adolescent mental health topic map.\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*f3rnplFYxI5IYgDR\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"e1dc\" id=\"e1dc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1054139X22004955#!\" data-href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1054139X22004955#!\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">“Toward a Demand-Driven, Collaborative Data Agenda for Adolescent Mental Health”\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0719\" id=\"0719\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Published in the \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Journal of Adolescent Health, \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1054139X22004955#!\" data-href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1054139X22004955#!\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“Toward a Demand-Driven, Collaborative Data Agenda for Adolescent Mental Health”\u003C/a> by Stefaan Verhulst, Constanza M. Vidal Bustamante, Fiona Cece, Alexandra Shaw, Michelle Winowatan, and Andrew J. Zahuranec introduces a “collaborative, demand-driven methodology for the development of a strategic adolescent mental health research agenda.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fe5c\" id=\"fe5c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC127730\" data-href=\"https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC127730\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">“Emerging approaches for data-driven innovation in Europe”\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"caaa\" id=\"caaa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">The European Commission’s Joint Research Centre published \u003Ca href=\"https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC127730\" data-href=\"https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC127730\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“Emerging approaches for data-driven innovation in Europe: Sandbox experiments on the governance of data and technology”\u003C/a>, which “presents a set of experiments that explore emerging technologies and tools for data-driven innovation.” Stefaan Verhulst contributed a chapter to this collection, titled “Addressing public-private partnership for data supply–data collaboratives for air quality in cities”.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"3dbb\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"f50f\" id=\"f50f\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading\">Advancing data and AI innovation at the subnational level\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"6032\" id=\"6032\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Building open data capacity and meeting open data demand at the subnational level has the power to more directly impact the people projects intend to serve. Data held by the public sector and other institutions in cities, municipalities, states, and provinces are, by definition, more targeted and narrower in scope, making it more likely to align with the direct and immediate needs of citizens.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"34ba\" id=\"34ba\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The GovLab’s work to advance data innovation at the subnational level include:\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"b15d\" id=\"b15d\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*L3EX6BtEBCPk3_oo\" data-width=\"1400\" data-height=\"1081\" alt=\"Periodic Table of Open Data Elements.\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*L3EX6BtEBCPk3_oo\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"7b72\" id=\"7b72\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://periodictable.opendatapolicylab.org/files/periodic-table_v3.pdf\" data-href=\"https://periodictable.opendatapolicylab.org/files/periodic-table_v3.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Periodic Table of Open Data\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4296\" id=\"4296\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Building on previous work identifying factors that enable or complicate the success of open data initiatives, the “\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/publication-toward-a-periodic-table-of-open-data-elements-in-cities/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/publication-toward-a-periodic-table-of-open-data-elements-in-cities/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Periodic Table of Open Data Elements in Cities\u003C/a>” by Andrew J. Zahuranec, Stefaan Verhulst, and Adrienne Schmoeker serves as “a refined model with a distinctive focus on developing open data strategies within cities.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7edf\" id=\"7edf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Periodic Table is complemented by \u003Ca href=\"https://periodictable.opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://periodictable.opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“A User’s Guide to the Periodic Table of Open Data.”\u003C/a> Developed by Stefaan Verhulst and Andrew J. Zahuranec, “the User’s Guide is a fillable document designed to empower data stewards and others seeking to improve data access. It can be used as a checklist and tool to weigh different elements based on their context and priorities.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"548c\" id=\"548c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/?utm_source=Digest&utm_campaign=f0b15a6576-RSS_EMAIL_CAMPAIGN&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_d90a01c7ff-f0b15a6576-87819641\" data-href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/?utm_source=Digest&utm_campaign=f0b15a6576-RSS_EMAIL_CAMPAIGN&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_d90a01c7ff-f0b15a6576-87819641\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Open Data Policy Lab: City Incubator\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a996\" id=\"a996\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In July 2021, The GovLab’s \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/a> launched \u003Ca href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/?utm_source=Digest&utm_campaign=f0b15a6576-RSS_EMAIL_CAMPAIGN&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_d90a01c7ff-f0b15a6576-87819641\" data-href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/?utm_source=Digest&utm_campaign=f0b15a6576-RSS_EMAIL_CAMPAIGN&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_d90a01c7ff-f0b15a6576-87819641\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the City Incubator\u003C/a>, a first-of-its-kind program to support data innovations in cities. Over the next six months, the team worked with 10 city officials across the world, giving them access to hands-on training and to mentors to build data capacity among innovators at the subnational level. You can learn more about our takeaways from the program in our two-part blog series \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/city-incubator-subnational-data-innovation-research-blog-series-the-intersection-of-data-equity-and-city-governments/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/city-incubator-subnational-data-innovation-research-blog-series-the-intersection-of-data-equity-and-city-governments/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/city-incubator-subnational-data-innovation-research-blog-series-the-advent-of-data-infrastructure/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/city-incubator-subnational-data-innovation-research-blog-series-the-advent-of-data-infrastructure/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a29a\" id=\"a29a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://ailocalism.org/\" data-href=\"https://ailocalism.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">AI Localism\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1c97\" id=\"1c97\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The GovLab launched the \u003Ca href=\"https://ailocalism.org/\" data-href=\"https://ailocalism.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">AI Localism project\u003C/a> in 2020 to investigate instances of AI governance at the subnational level. This year, 33 new cases were added to the \u003Ca href=\"https://list.ailocalism.org/\" data-href=\"https://list.ailocalism.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">AI Localism repository\u003C/a>, a living curation of city- and state-level AI governance practices across the world.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0df6\" id=\"0df6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In November, the project published \u003Ca href=\"https://files.thegovlab.org/ailocalism-in-practice.pdf\" data-href=\"https://files.thegovlab.org/ailocalism-in-practice.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“AI Localism In Practice: Examining How Cities Govern AI”\u003C/a> by Sara Marcucci, Uma Kalkar, and Stefaan Verhulst, a report that “serves as a primer for policymakers and practitioners to learn about current governance practices and inspire their own work” in the field of AI technologies. This work built off of an \u003Ca href=\"https://ailocalism.org/blog.html\" data-href=\"https://ailocalism.org/blog.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">eight-part blog series\u003C/a> by Uma Kalkar, Salwa Mansuri, Sara Marcucci, and Stefaan Verhulst on practical manifestations of AI localism, as well as an op-ed by Stefaan Verhulst in \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Conversation\u003C/em> titled “\u003Ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/debate-how-to-stop-our-cities-from-being-turned-into-ai-jungles-187863\" data-href=\"https://theconversation.com/debate-how-to-stop-our-cities-from-being-turned-into-ai-jungles-187863\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Debate: How to stop our cities from being turned into AI jungles\u003C/a>.”\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"295a\" id=\"295a\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*Eud1apPPymNIQHpE\" data-width=\"1038\" data-height=\"596\" alt=\"The AI Localism canvas.\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Eud1apPPymNIQHpE\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"4f01\" id=\"4f01\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://libraopen.lib.virginia.edu/public_view/5t34sj769\" data-href=\"https://libraopen.lib.virginia.edu/public_view/5t34sj769\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">“Artificial Intelligence in the City: Building Civic Engagement and Public Trust”\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"876b\" id=\"876b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://libraopen.lib.virginia.edu/public_view/5t34sj769\" data-href=\"https://libraopen.lib.virginia.edu/public_view/5t34sj769\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“Artificial Intelligence in the City: Building Civic Engagement and Public Trust”\u003C/a> is a collection of essays edited by Ana Brandusescu and Jess Reia that “brings together a group of multidisciplinary scholars, activists, and practitioners working on a diverse range of initiatives to map strategies going forward.” Stefaan Verhulst contributed a piece to this work titled “AI Localism: Governance of Artificial Intelligence at the City and Local Level” that provided an overview of AI localism and its contribution to governance efforts around AI technologies.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e67f\" id=\"e67f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/debate-how-to-stop-our-cities-from-being-turned-into-ai-jungles-187863\" data-href=\"https://theconversation.com/debate-how-to-stop-our-cities-from-being-turned-into-ai-jungles-187863\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">“Debate: How to stop our cities from being turned into AI jungles”\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fa2f\" id=\"fa2f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Writing in \u003Ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/debate-how-to-stop-our-cities-from-being-turned-into-ai-jungles-187863\" data-href=\"https://theconversation.com/debate-how-to-stop-our-cities-from-being-turned-into-ai-jungles-187863\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Conversation\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, Stefaan Verhulst outlines “ten principles to help systematise our approach to AI Localism.” These include: articulating and following guiding principles; building greater AI literacy; and tapping into local expertise, to name a few.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"be09\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"26af\" id=\"26af\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading\">Prioritizing data responsibility\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"044b\" id=\"044b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">At the center of all of our work at The GovLab is our commitment to responsible and ethical data practices. This involves a responsibility-by-design approach to open data that prioritizes fairness, accountability, and transparency across the data lifecycle while managing risks and maximizing value.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7206\" id=\"7206\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">These projects and publications include:\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"5c23\" id=\"5c23\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*BX-tER3BGJxBn4Uz\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"405\" alt=\"The Responsible Data for Children initiative homepage.\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*BX-tER3BGJxBn4Uz\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"64ea\" id=\"64ea\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://rd4c.org/\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Responsible Data for Children (RD4C) Initiative\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3afe\" id=\"3afe\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The \u003Ca href=\"https://rd4c.org/\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">RD4C Initiative\u003C/a> is a joint project by The GovLab and UNICEF to “support best practice in data responsibility; identify challenges and develop practical tools to assist practitioners in evaluating and addressing them; and encourage a broader discussion on actionable principles, insights, and approaches for responsible data management.” To learn more about the foundations of this initiative, read this \u003Ca href=\"https://apolitical.co/solution-articles/en/eight-reasons-responsible-data-for-and-about-children-matters-part-1\" data-href=\"https://apolitical.co/solution-articles/en/eight-reasons-responsible-data-for-and-about-children-matters-part-1\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">two-part series\u003C/a> in \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Apolitical\u003C/em> by Stefaan G. Verhulst and Andrew Young.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9c3e\" id=\"9c3e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The year began with the launch of the RD4C \u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCFtWjMxtD1uGBtWB6jfZ_4Q\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCFtWjMxtD1uGBtWB6jfZ_4Q\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">YouTube channel\u003C/a>, which shares video resources and training videos in multiple languages to help practitioners across the world implement responsible data practices with children and their data in mind. The RD4C team also added to their existing library of case studies, looking specifically at UNICEF’s \u003Ca href=\"https://odpl.thegovlab.com/ccm-directus/assets/o6245olwrwg4488k\" data-href=\"https://odpl.thegovlab.com/ccm-directus/assets/o6245olwrwg4488k\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">‘InForm’ open data collection and management tool in Mozambique\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/RD4C_Zimbabwe_MICS_Domestic_Violence.pdf\" data-href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/RD4C_Zimbabwe_MICS_Domestic_Violence.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys in Zimbabwe\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/RD4C_CAI_DRCongo.pdf\" data-href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/RD4C_CAI_DRCongo.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Cellule d’Analyse Intégrée (CAI) research cell in the Democratic Republic of Congo\u003C/a>. Last but not least, the RD4C team hosted \u003Ca href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/rd4c-uganda-day-1-the-responsible-data-for-children-organizes-uganda-studio-series-addressing-mental-health-and-psychosocial-support-for-refugee-children/index.html\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/rd4c-uganda-day-1-the-responsible-data-for-children-organizes-uganda-studio-series-addressing-mental-health-and-psychosocial-support-for-refugee-children/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a series of in-person studios in Uganda\u003C/a> to “to diagnose data challenges affecting refugee settlements in Uganda and develop new solutions to more responsibly and effectively manage data.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5e22\" id=\"5e22\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://idsd.network/\" data-href=\"https://idsd.network/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">International Network on Digital Self-Determination\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"628b\" id=\"628b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Founded in 2021, the \u003Ca href=\"https://idsd.network/\" data-href=\"https://idsd.network/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">International Network on Digital Self-Determination\u003C/a> is “a collaboration that is defining the concept of digital self-determination and working to ensure that people everywhere are legally, socially, and technically empowered to participate in the digitally connected world.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c7b2\" id=\"c7b2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In June, the Network hosted its first conference, “\u003Ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/733293973\" data-href=\"https://vimeo.com/733293973\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Empowering People in their Digital Lives: A Conference Introducing Digital Self-Determination\u003C/a>.” Stefaan Verhulst spoke about the progress made with scoping the digital self-determination field and prototyping tangible data products at the conference.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ab31\" id=\"ab31\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.08539\" data-href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.08539\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">“Operationalizing Digital Self Determination”\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"12af\" id=\"12af\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In a new paper titled \u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.08539\" data-href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.08539\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“Operationalizing Digital Self Determination,”\u003C/a> Stefaan Verhulst examines different methods used to address data, information, and agency asymmetries emerging from the datafication of our lives. He proposes digital self determination as a sustainable and effective solution in the long run to address the challenges that these asymmetries pose to the data ecosystem.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"8cc8\" id=\"8cc8\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*2HAgZcVRgc68FO0g\" data-width=\"1368\" data-height=\"758\" alt=\"Panelists at the State of Open Data Policy Summit.\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*2HAgZcVRgc68FO0g\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"3357\" id=\"3357\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/events-turning-to-purpose-driven-collaborative-open-data-sharing-and-standards-in-the-public-and-private-sectors-takeaways-from-the-state-of-open-data-policy-summit/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/events-turning-to-purpose-driven-collaborative-open-data-sharing-and-standards-in-the-public-and-private-sectors-takeaways-from-the-state-of-open-data-policy-summit/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The State of Open Data Policy Summit \u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1J_YJb_mPwFLXVSuJBNK0pudIGKT9ARk0Gbw4ojW6qQo/edit\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1J_YJb_mPwFLXVSuJBNK0pudIGKT9ARk0Gbw4ojW6qQo/edit\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">and Repository of Recent Developments\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e210\" id=\"e210\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In May, the Open Data Policy Lab (ODPL) hosted its first \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/events-turning-to-purpose-driven-collaborative-open-data-sharing-and-standards-in-the-public-and-private-sectors-takeaways-from-the-state-of-open-data-policy-summit/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/events-turning-to-purpose-driven-collaborative-open-data-sharing-and-standards-in-the-public-and-private-sectors-takeaways-from-the-state-of-open-data-policy-summit/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“State of Open Data Policy Summit”\u003C/a> where attendees “had the opportunity to listen to and engage with senior leaders in government, civil society, and business about the policies that can support impactful (re)use of data for the public good.” Juan Ferres, Vice President And Chief Data Scientist at Microsoft, delivered a keynote address emphasizing that data is the new code, not the new oil, and stressed the urgent need for better training materials for AI. The full panel recording and abridged highlights reel can be found \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/events-open-data-policy-lab-releases-state-of-open-data-policy-summit-key-highlights-video/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/events-open-data-policy-lab-releases-state-of-open-data-policy-summit-key-highlights-video/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1b4b\" id=\"1b4b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The summit also marked the launch of the ODPL’s \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1J_YJb_mPwFLXVSuJBNK0pudIGKT9ARk0Gbw4ojW6qQo/edit\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1J_YJb_mPwFLXVSuJBNK0pudIGKT9ARk0Gbw4ojW6qQo/edit\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">State of Open Data Policy Repository of Recent Developments\u003C/a>. The repository is designed to “assess recent policy developments on open data, data reuse, and data collaboration around the world.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9185\" id=\"9185\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Data Stewards Academy\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2a41\" id=\"2a41\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In April 2022, the Open Data Policy Lab (ODPL) hosted its third cohort of \u003Ca href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Data Stewards Academy\u003C/a>. This program is an eight-week accelerated learning program to support public and private sector leaders to open data and reduce data access inequities in ways that advance their institution’s goals. This cohort was dedicated specifically to data innovators in the Eastern Hemisphere, who do not often receive as much support as their Western counterparts. Over eight weeks, 21 data leaders from 14 different countries came together to learn about the ways they can use data to improve how they operate and pursue goals in the public’s interest.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"81e1\" id=\"81e1\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*EezsJYOaM9XLWkGk\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"900\" alt=\"AI Ethics: Global Perspectives course logo.\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*EezsJYOaM9XLWkGk\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"c0ed\" id=\"c0ed\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://aiethicscourse.org/index.html\" data-href=\"https://aiethicscourse.org/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">AI Ethics: Global Perspectives\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1e30\" id=\"1e30\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Now in its second year, the \u003Ca href=\"https://aiethicscourse.org/index.html\" data-href=\"https://aiethicscourse.org/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">AI Ethics: Global Perspectives\u003C/a> course brings together diverse perspectives across the field of ethical AI and data, to raise awareness and help actors and institutions work towards the more responsible use of these technologies. The result of a partnership between The GovLab, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Global AI Ethics Consortium (GAIEC), Center for Responsible AI @ NYU (R/AI), and the TUM Institute for Ethics in Artificial Intelligence (IEAI), the course currently hosts 50 modules by instructors representing 25 countries around the world, as well as a collection of webinar series showcasing different elements of ethical data and AI.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1ac1\" id=\"1ac1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This year, we added 25 new lectures, covering topics from the role of religion and philosophy in AI ethics to the practical applications of AI ethics in dentistry, peacebuilding efforts and transport.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8f40\" id=\"8f40\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://files.thegovlab.org/erdgovernance.pdf\" data-href=\"https://files.thegovlab.org/erdgovernance.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">“Governing the Environment-Related Data Space”\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b21c\" id=\"b21c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://files.thegovlab.org/erdgovernance.pdf\" data-href=\"https://files.thegovlab.org/erdgovernance.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“Governing the Environment-Related Data Space”\u003C/a> is a joint report by The GovLab and The Democratic Society. Written by Jörn Fritzenkötter, Laura Hohoff, Paola Pierri, Stefaan Verhulst, Andrew Young, and Anthony Zacharzewski, the report captures the findings of their joint research centered on the responsible and effective reuse of environment-related data to achieve greater social and environmental impact.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"856e\" id=\"856e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/the-need-for-new-methods-to-establish-the-social-license-for-data-reuse-e7c67bdc4aff\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/the-need-for-new-methods-to-establish-the-social-license-for-data-reuse-e7c67bdc4aff\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">“The Need for New Methods to Establish the Social License for Data Reuse”\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"52b9\" id=\"52b9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Writing in the \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data & Policy \u003C/em>blog, Stefaan Verhulst and Sampriti Saxena explore \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/the-need-for-new-methods-to-establish-the-social-license-for-data-reuse-e7c67bdc4aff\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/the-need-for-new-methods-to-establish-the-social-license-for-data-reuse-e7c67bdc4aff\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">“The Need for New Methods to Establish the Social License for Data Reuse.”\u003C/a> In this piece, they discuss the value of social licenses for data reuse initiatives and the ways in which they can be obtained to promote responsible and transparent use of data.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"dcda\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"7b19\" id=\"7b19\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading\">Events\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"849d\" id=\"849d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">The GovLab’s work was also featured in a number of conferences and roundtable discussions on data re-use and responsibility. Some of the events we had the pleasure of taking part in include:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"bdf9\" id=\"bdf9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">The “\u003Ca href=\"https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/collection/elise-european-location-interoperability-solutions-e-government/event/elise-webinar-emerging-approaches-data-driven-innovation-europe\" data-href=\"https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/collection/elise-european-location-interoperability-solutions-e-government/event/elise-webinar-emerging-approaches-data-driven-innovation-europe\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Emerging Approaches for Data-Driven Innovation in Europe\u003C/a>” webinar hosted by the European Commission\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f764\" id=\"f764\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A panel on “\u003Ca href=\"https://www.ict4dconference.org/program/ict4d-partnership/\" data-href=\"https://www.ict4dconference.org/program/ict4d-partnership/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Defining Responsibilities in Data Sharing\u003C/a>” at the 2nd ICT4D Conference\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"989e\" id=\"989e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The Data Science for Impact Conference hosted by Good Tech\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"40f1\" id=\"40f1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A panel on “\u003Ca href=\"https://www.csps-efpc.gc.ca/events/data-conference2022/index-eng.aspx\" data-href=\"https://www.csps-efpc.gc.ca/events/data-conference2022/index-eng.aspx\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Data Technologies and Data as a Public Good\u003C/a>” at the 6th annual Government of Canada Data Conference\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f6ce\" id=\"f6ce\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A lightning talk on “Acting Local: The Responsible Use and Design of Artificial Intelligence Governance at the Subnational Level” at the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.rightscon.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.rightscon.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">11th RightsCon Summit Series\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d7b4\" id=\"d7b4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A “\u003Ca href=\"https://www.polidesign.net/en/formazione/business-design/corso--service-design-masterclass-data-driven-service-design-potential-practice-and-challenges/\" data-href=\"https://www.polidesign.net/en/formazione/business-design/corso--service-design-masterclass-data-driven-service-design-potential-practice-and-challenges/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Data Driven Service Design: Potential, Practice and Challenges. Service Design Masterclass\u003C/a>” at the University POLI.design\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"daa7\" id=\"daa7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A panel on “\u003Ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/toward-a-third-wave-of-open-data-for-new-york-city-nyc-open-data-week-2022-tickets-276810867757\" data-href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/toward-a-third-wave-of-open-data-for-new-york-city-nyc-open-data-week-2022-tickets-276810867757\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Toward a Third Wave of Open Data for New York City\u003C/a>” for NYC Open Data Week 2022\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f332\" id=\"f332\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A panel on “\u003Ca href=\"https://seerdata.ai/ai-localism/\" data-href=\"https://seerdata.ai/ai-localism/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">AI Localism — responsible AI at the local level\u003C/a>” run by Seer Data & Analytics\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"943f\" id=\"943f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A panel at the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/events/6896764163134173184/\" data-href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/events/6896764163134173184/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">On Data and Design\u003C/a> event\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"52b0\" id=\"52b0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A roundtable on \u003Ca href=\"https://www.vda.pt/en/media/events/whatnextlaw-artificial-intelligence-in-the-city-of-the-future/24709/\" data-href=\"https://www.vda.pt/en/media/events/whatnextlaw-artificial-intelligence-in-the-city-of-the-future/24709/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“Artificial Intelligence in the City of the Future”\u003C/a> at the VDA/NOVA School of Law\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4d50\" id=\"4d50\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A UNESCO IFAP \u003Ca href=\"https://events.unesco.org/event?id=Brainstorming_on_the_UNESCO_AI_Ethics_Recommendation3733139375&lang=1033\" data-href=\"https://events.unesco.org/event?id=Brainstorming_on_the_UNESCO_AI_Ethics_Recommendation3733139375&lang=1033\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“Brainstorming on the UNESCO AI Ethics Recommendation”\u003C/a> discussion on “Principles and data governance at the organisations’ level, at a country’s level and at a public level: how to make the UNESCO recommendation effective”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6ed9\" id=\"6ed9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A presentation on \u003Ca href=\"https://www.aicampus.berlin/event/the-ethical-imperative-to-identify-and-address-data-and-intelligence-asymmetries\" data-href=\"https://www.aicampus.berlin/event/the-ethical-imperative-to-identify-and-address-data-and-intelligence-asymmetries\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“The Ethical Imperative to Identify and Address Data and Intelligence Asymmetries”\u003C/a> at the AI Campus Berlin\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7c58\" id=\"7c58\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A panel titled “Fostering innovation through public-private partnership and data collaboration” at the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.post-covid-summit.com/\" data-href=\"https://www.post-covid-summit.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Post-COVID Summit\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ce38\" id=\"ce38\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The \u003Ca href=\"https://www.go-opendata.ca/\" data-href=\"https://www.go-opendata.ca/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">GO Open Data Conference 2022\u003C/a> “Changemakers” panel\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"56e4\" id=\"56e4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A panel on “Responsible re-use of data for development through data collaboration” at the UNCTAD \u003Ca href=\"https://unctad.org/eweek2022\" data-href=\"https://unctad.org/eweek2022\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">eCommerce Week 2022: Data and Digitalization for Development\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"cf3c\" id=\"cf3c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The European University Institute’s \u003Ca href=\"https://stateoftheunion.eui.eu/\" data-href=\"https://stateoftheunion.eui.eu/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">State of the Union: A Europe Fit for the Next Generation\u003C/a> conference\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d646\" id=\"d646\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A panel on \u003Ca href=\"https://digitaldevforum.com/gddf22-agenda/\" data-href=\"https://digitaldevforum.com/gddf22-agenda/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“#Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge: Lessons Learned”\u003C/a> at the Global Digital Development Forum\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7efd\" id=\"7efd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A panel on \u003Ca href=\"https://ogrtorino.it/en/events/the-public-value-of-big-data\" data-href=\"https://ogrtorino.it/en/events/the-public-value-of-big-data\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“The Public Value of Big Data Networks and Skills for a Human-Centered Digital Future”\u003C/a> at the OGR Torino\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9308\" id=\"9308\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A keynote address on Urban AI and a panel on “International and local initiatives in AI, Data and Robotics for the Common Good” at the \u003Ca href=\"https://conference.fari.brussels/\" data-href=\"https://conference.fari.brussels/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">FARI — AI Institute for the Common Good and Brussels Conference\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9194\" id=\"9194\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The Digital Trade and Data Governance Hub at George Washington University’s \u003Ca href=\"https://datagovhub.elliott.gwu.edu/calendar_event/our-immersive-digital-future-how-extended-reality-may-affect-international-relations/\" data-href=\"https://datagovhub.elliott.gwu.edu/calendar_event/our-immersive-digital-future-how-extended-reality-may-affect-international-relations/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">@DataGovHub XR Conference\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"eeb6\" id=\"eeb6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The \u003Ca href=\"https://www.h2020-pillars.eu/EU_labour_markets_mastering_change\" data-href=\"https://www.h2020-pillars.eu/EU_labour_markets_mastering_change\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">European Labor Markets — Mastering Technological and Structural Change\u003C/a> conference\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"319b\" id=\"319b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A keynote address on “Digital restructuring and human (re)action” at the \u003Ca href=\"https://bledconference.org/\" data-href=\"https://bledconference.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">35th Bled eConference\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"36ce\" id=\"36ce\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A panel at the Wilson Center’s \u003Ca href=\"https://www.wilsoncenter.org/event/open-data-whats-next-policy-and-practice\" data-href=\"https://www.wilsoncenter.org/event/open-data-whats-next-policy-and-practice\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“Open Data: What’s Next in Policy and Practice?”\u003C/a> event\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c41c\" id=\"c41c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A Tidepool Digital presentation at the \u003Ca href=\"https://nsf-ca-expo2022.vfairs.com/?sf166820327=1\" data-href=\"https://nsf-ca-expo2022.vfairs.com/?sf166820327=1\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NSF’s Convergence Accelerator Expo 2022\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"604f\" id=\"604f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A conversation on digital transformation at \u003Ca href=\"https://www.hamiltonmannconversation.com/stefaanverhulst\" data-href=\"https://www.hamiltonmannconversation.com/stefaanverhulst\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hamilton Mann Conversation\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4dc1\" id=\"4dc1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A series of Tidepool Digital Data Sharing \u003Ca href=\"https://openscapes.github.io/events/posts/2022-09-13-tidepool-digital/\" data-href=\"https://openscapes.github.io/events/posts/2022-09-13-tidepool-digital/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Studios\u003C/a> hosted by The GovLab, Openscapes and the Intertidal Agency\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8d69\" id=\"8d69\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A session on “Digital Trust: How Can We Navigate Digital Privacy Responsibly” at the \u003Ca href=\"https://event.digitalwithpurpose.org/\" data-href=\"https://event.digitalwithpurpose.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Digital with Purpose Global Summit\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1e96\" id=\"1e96\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A discussion event as part of UNESCO IFAP’s Working Group on Information Accessibility’s \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ai4iaconference.com/\" data-href=\"https://www.ai4iaconference.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Third Annual Artificial Intelligence for Information Accessibility Conference\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c982\" id=\"c982\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A panel event at the \u003Ca href=\"https://gulbenkian.pt/en/agenda/digital-for-good-2022/\" data-href=\"https://gulbenkian.pt/en/agenda/digital-for-good-2022/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Digital for Good\u003C/a> conference hosted by the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7e6c\" id=\"7e6c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A keynote on “Data for the Public Good in the New Normal” at the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/2022-york-region-data-consortium-conference-tickets-419822960777\" data-href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/2022-york-region-data-consortium-conference-tickets-419822960777\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">York Region Data Consortium’s Annual\u003C/a> conference\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"550d\" id=\"550d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A presentation on “Measuring the Impact of Open Data” at the \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatasummit.ca/\" data-href=\"https://opendatasummit.ca/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Canadian Open Data Summit\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"47b6\" id=\"47b6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A keynote on “How to succeed in opening data in an international context and new trends in the field of open data” at the \u003Ca href=\"https://osf.cz/2022/11/02/open-data-expo-2022-odhali-co-se-za-poslednich-10-let-v-oblasti-otevrenych-dat-nepodarilo/\" data-href=\"https://osf.cz/2022/11/02/open-data-expo-2022-odhali-co-se-za-poslednich-10-let-v-oblasti-otevrenych-dat-nepodarilo/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Crossroads Open Data Expo 2022\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"bdbd\" id=\"bdbd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A presentation at the European Union Institute’s School of Transnational Governance’s \u003Ca href=\"https://www.eui.eu/events?id=551750\" data-href=\"https://www.eui.eu/events?id=551750\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Global PeaceTech Conference 2022\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1e89\" id=\"1e89\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">An event on “Business-to-government data sharing — new opportunities for digital society” at the European Parliamentary Service Policy Hub\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"abd4\" id=\"abd4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Hosted The GovLab/IDB Conference on \u003Ca href=\"http://var-data.eventbrite.com/\" data-href=\"http://var-data.eventbrite.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Data Trusts: Valuable, Accessible and Responsible Data\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0c68\" id=\"0c68\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The \u003Ca href=\"https://dataforpolicy.org/\" data-href=\"https://dataforpolicy.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Data for Policy 2022\u003C/a> conference\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3ce7\" id=\"3ce7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li graf--trailing\">A keynote on “The #Data4COVID19 Review” at the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.smartcityexpousa.com/\" data-href=\"https://www.smartcityexpousa.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">2022 Smart City Expo USA\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"6373\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"6197\" id=\"6197\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading graf--trailing\">In 2023, we look forward to building on this momentum to continue to advance the systematic, sustainable, and responsible use of data to achieve public good. Happy Holidays from all of us at The GovLab!\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/2022-year-in-review-fostering-systematic-sustainable-and-responsible-data-re-use-for-social",{"title":1309,"description":1312},"2022-year-in-review-fostering-systematic-sustainable-and-responsible-data-re-use-for-social","blogposts/2022-year-in-review-fostering-systematic-sustainable-and-responsible-data-re-use-for-social","IubpV0HHTqrz3PHbQ87KJC2mxL8i6AiDBYV28tuBEuo",{"id":1322,"title":1323,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1324,"body":34,"category":99,"date":1325,"description":1326,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1323,"image":1327,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1328,"meta":1329,"navigation":15,"path":1330,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1331,"slug":1332,"startTime":34,"stem":1333,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1334},"blogposts/blogposts/open-data-policy-lab-releases-new-guide-establishing-the-case-for-data-collaboration-and-re-use.json","Open Data Policy Lab Releases New Guide Establishing the Case for Data Collaboration and Re-Use",[],"2022-12-01T20:04:30","Providing access to data to facilitate responsible re-use can help improve governance and public services; accelerate innovation through…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*3SxDrWNeot9mBOAt.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"0e2d\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"9847\" id=\"9847\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Open Data Policy Lab Releases New Guide Establishing the Case for Data Collaboration and Re-Use\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"0c97\" id=\"0c97\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This piece was \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/new-publication-open-data-policy-lab-releases-new-guide-establishing-the-case-for-data-collaboration-and-re-use/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/new-publication-open-data-policy-lab-releases-new-guide-establishing-the-case-for-data-collaboration-and-re-use/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">originally posted\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> by Lisa Talia Moretti on the Open Data Policy Lab’s blog. To learn more about the Open Data Policy Lab and the work it does, visit the site \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"aef3\" id=\"aef3\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*3SxDrWNeot9mBOAt.png\" data-width=\"1125\" data-height=\"544\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*3SxDrWNeot9mBOAt.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">The 9Rs Framework\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"66eb\" id=\"66eb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Providing access to data to facilitate responsible re-use can help improve governance and public services; accelerate innovation through better science and the discovery of new insights; and empower citizens to make more informed decisions.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1e3f\" id=\"1e3f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">While the economic and societal value propositions for access and re-use are well-documented, many organizations–especially within the private sector — remain stuck — in part because they lack a business case for doing so. Up until now, no tool existed that organizations could use to identify and articulate compelling business cases for data re-use. In light of \u003Ca href=\"https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2022/11/all-the-twitter-teams-elon-musk-has-cut-so-far/\" data-href=\"https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2022/11/all-the-twitter-teams-elon-musk-has-cut-so-far/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">recent\u003C/a> \u003Ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/facebook-parent-meta-platforms-cuts-responsible-innovation-team-11662658423\" data-href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/facebook-parent-meta-platforms-cuts-responsible-innovation-team-11662658423\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">cuts\u003C/a> made to data for good, ethics and responsible innovation programmes and teams due to an uncertain economy, it is more important than ever to launch effective tools that can support and encourage data initiatives that champion collaboration and re-use.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9cfa\" id=\"9cfa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In 2021, The Open Data Policy Lab published the \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/business-case-the-9rs-framework-establishing-the-business-case-for-data-collaboration-and-re-using-data-in-the-public-interest/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/business-case-the-9rs-framework-establishing-the-business-case-for-data-collaboration-and-re-using-data-in-the-public-interest/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">9Rs Framework\u003C/a>, a method for describing and identifying the business case–documented rationale–for data reuse for the public good. It is divided into three kinds of return on investment and includes:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ca48\" id=\"ca48\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">ROI Case #1: Increasing knowledge and Insights. \u003C/strong>This business case can include:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"6cb6\" id=\"6cb6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Reciprocal exchanges\u003C/em>;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1d99\" id=\"1d99\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Rectifying errors and improving data quality\u003C/em>;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0228\" id=\"0228\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Research and insights\u003C/em>, and\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0fc7\" id=\"0fc7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Reproducibility.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"617f\" id=\"617f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">ROI Case #2: Improving Brand Equity. \u003C/strong>This case can be about improving an organization’s\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"e48e\" id=\"e48e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Reputation\u003C/em>;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"031f\" id=\"031f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Responsibility and philanthropy\u003C/em>; or\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"710d\" id=\"710d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Retaining and recruiting talent\u003C/em>.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"d5fc\" id=\"d5fc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">ROI Case #3: Establishing a License to Operate.\u003C/strong> This case can be about issues of\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"bbae\" id=\"bbae\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Regulatory compliance \u003C/em>and;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"214c\" id=\"214c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Revenue generation.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"982a\" id=\"982a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">After engaging with The GovLab’s Data Steward community and other data professionals, the Open Data Policy Lab saw an opportunity to provide data stewards with guidance on how to better realize, identify, and articulate these cases. Today, in response to this need, The Open Data Policy Lab is pleased to announce the release of \u003Ca href=\"https://businesscase.opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://businesscase.opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a worksheet to accompany the 9Rs Framework\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"fe7b\" id=\"fe7b\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*uOX8T1zbxNifNv3LNmZ83Q.png\" data-width=\"279\" data-height=\"394\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*uOX8T1zbxNifNv3LNmZ83Q.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">The cover of the 9Rs Framework Worksheet\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"5fd4\" id=\"5fd4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The new worksheet helps data stewards evaluate solicitations for accessing data not only in terms of societal impact but also in terms of alignment with organizational purpose, priorities, and values. The 9Rs Framework, and associated worksheet, can also help data stewards to become more strategic in identifying opportunities and partners that can help establish win-win data collaboratives.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8ed2\" id=\"8ed2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Open Data Policy Lab is happy to schedule a meeting with organizations to help them identify which business case fits their circumstances and how they might act on it. Read the full worksheet \u003Ca href=\"https://businesscase.opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://businesscase.opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"aa77\" id=\"aa77\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">If you have thoughts and reflections that you would like to share or you would like to meet with the Open Data Policy team, please reach out to us on \u003Ca href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\" data-href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">datastewards@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/open-data-policy-lab-releases-new-guide-establishing-the-case-for-data-collaboration-and-re-use",{"title":1323,"description":1326},"open-data-policy-lab-releases-new-guide-establishing-the-case-for-data-collaboration-and-re-use","blogposts/open-data-policy-lab-releases-new-guide-establishing-the-case-for-data-collaboration-and-re-use","KZt2tfZsrJWRwdSffHI5921OvR7JT0MqF-3wBw3slHs",{"id":1336,"title":1337,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1338,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1339,"description":1340,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1337,"image":1341,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1342,"meta":1343,"navigation":15,"path":1344,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1345,"slug":1346,"startTime":34,"stem":1347,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1348},"blogposts/blogposts/new-report-assessing-the-use-of-non-traditional-data-during-a-pandemic-crisis-released.json","New Report Assessing the Use of Non-Traditional Data During a Pandemic Crisis Released",[],"2022-10-31T18:40:25","As the last two years of the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrate, pandemics pose major challenges on all levels–with cataclysmic effects on…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*qmEOBPBjAIPQ7B2N","\n\u003Csection name=\"9c86\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"3861\" id=\"3861\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">New Report Assessing the Use of Non-Traditional Data During a Pandemic Crisis Released\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"1af7\" id=\"1af7\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*qmEOBPBjAIPQ7B2N\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"563\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*qmEOBPBjAIPQ7B2N\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Image by \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/02y9b9FoD4A\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/02y9b9FoD4A\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Maxime | Unsplash\u003C/a> is licensed under CC0.\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"138c\" id=\"138c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">As the last two years of the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrate, pandemics pose major challenges on all levels–with cataclysmic effects on society.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b1ad\" id=\"b1ad\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Decision-makers from around the world have sought to mitigate the consequences of COVID-19 through the use of data, including data from \u003Ca href=\"https://www.gdi.manchester.ac.uk/research/publications/di/dd-wp92\" data-href=\"https://www.gdi.manchester.ac.uk/research/publications/di/dd-wp92\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">non-traditional sources\u003C/a> such as social media, wastewater, and credit card and telecommunications companies. However, there has been little research into \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">how\u003C/em> non-traditional data initiatives were designed or what impacts they had on COVID-19 responses.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"26de\" id=\"26de\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Over the last eight months, \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab\u003C/a>, with the support of \u003Ca href=\"https://knightfoundation.org/\" data-href=\"https://knightfoundation.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Knight Foundation\u003C/a>, has sought to fill this gap by conducting a study about how non-traditional data (NTD) sources have been used during COVID-19.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"02e8\" id=\"02e8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">On October 31st, The GovLab published the report: “\u003Ca href=\"https://review.data4covid19.org/\" data-href=\"https://review.data4covid19.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The COVID-19 Review: Assessing the Use of Non-Traditional Data During a Pandemic Crisis\u003C/a>.” The report details how decision makers around the world have used non-traditional sources through a series of briefings intended for a generalist audience.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f41a\" id=\"f41a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The briefings describe and assess how non-traditional data initiatives were designed, planned, and implemented, as well as the project results.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4bc8\" id=\"4bc8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Findings\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"acc9\" id=\"acc9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The briefings uncovered several findings about why, where, when, and how NTD was used during COVID-19, including that:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"cc47\" id=\"cc47\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Officials increasingly called for the use of NTD to answer questions where and when traditional data such as surveys and case data were not sufficient or could not be leveraged. However, the collection and use of traditional data was often needed to validate insights.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c6ba\" id=\"c6ba\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">NTD sources were primarily used to understand populations’ health, mobility (or physical movements), economic activity, and sentiment of the pandemic. In comparison with previous dynamic crises, COVID-19 was a watershed moment in terms of access to and re-use of non-traditional data in those four areas.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"dc3a\" id=\"dc3a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The majority of NTD initiatives were fragmented and uncoordinated, reflecting the larger fragmented COVID-19 response. Many projects were focused on responding to COVID-19 after outbreaks occurred. This pattern reflected an overall lack of preparedness for the pandemic and need for the rapid development of initiatives to address its consequences.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"874d\" id=\"874d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">NTD initiatives frequently took the form of cross-sectoral data partnerships or collaborations developed to respond to specific needs. Many institutions did not have the systems and infrastructure in place for these collaborations to be sustainable.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"280a\" id=\"280a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Many of the NTD initiatives involving granular, personal data were implemented without the necessary social license to do so–leading to public concerns about ethics and hindering public trust in non-traditional data.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"eb3e\" id=\"eb3e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">Stefaan Verhulst, Co-Founder and Chief R&D of The GovLab explains, “The use of NTD offers growing potential during crisis situations. When managed responsibly, NTD use can help us understand the current state of the crisis, forecast how it will progress, and respond to different aspects of it in real-time.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5d67\" id=\"5d67\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Advancing the Responsible Use of NTD During Crises\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a112\" id=\"a112\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In the latter part of the report, The GovLab team unpacks these findings and provides actionable recommendations that decision-makers can use during future crises. The four areas of recommendations are summarized below. More details about how each area can be operationalized are included in the \u003Ca href=\"https://review.data4covid19.org/\" data-href=\"https://review.data4covid19.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">full report\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"a468\" id=\"a468\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*-3zEMtYtb_py2931GhCEIQ.png\" data-width=\"329\" data-height=\"320\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*-3zEMtYtb_py2931GhCEIQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Col class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"fad5\" id=\"fad5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Increasing evidence and awareness about the value proposition of NTD: \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>There is a need for a stronger evidence base that can generate awareness of current NTD practices and support the value proposition of NTD during crisis situations. Creating a more data-driven approach to using NTD (that is, having more data about how to use data) can broaden NTD initiatives and ensure they can grow beyond pilot programs and proofs of concept during future crises.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c82a\" id=\"c82a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Advancing trust, ethics, and equity within NTD initiatives: \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>There is a need for public and private organizations to establish trust among parties and with society on how NTD is being used. Prioritizing trust, ethics, and equity at the start of and throughout NTD initiatives can increase the legitimacy of its use and more meaningfully resolve crisis-driven challenges based on a combination of NTD and lived experience.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"257e\" id=\"257e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Strengthening collaboration and institutionalization of NTD uses:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> There is a need for multi-stakeholder partnerships to increase the data capacity and speed of implementation of NTD initiatives in a systematic way. Institutionalizing internal professional functions and external partnerships through \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/wanted-data-stewards.pdf\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/wanted-data-stewards.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">data stewards\u003C/a> can accelerate the use of NTD during crises.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7c98\" id=\"7c98\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Preventing fragmentation, and improving readiness and coordination:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> There is a need for a more coordinated approach–across all crisis management efforts and functions–to address needs both as health systems evolve and as institutions face future public health emergencies. Minimizing fragmentation has the potential to increase readiness for future dynamic crises.\u003C/li>\u003C/ol>\u003Cp name=\"1d5e\" id=\"1d5e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">We invite you to learn more by reading the full report \u003Ca href=\"https://review.data4covid19.org/\" data-href=\"https://review.data4covid19.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>. Those interested in further examples of non-traditional data uses during COVID-19 can visit the \u003Ca href=\"https://list.data4covid19.org/\" data-href=\"https://list.data4covid19.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">#Data4COVID19 Data Collaborative Repository\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a430\" id=\"a430\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We invite anyone with further questions or comments to reach out to us specifically at datastewards@thegovlab.org.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fd57\" id=\"fd57\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">***\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c772\" id=\"c772\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">About The Governance Lab\u003Cbr>\u003C/strong>The Governance Lab’s mission is to improve people’s lives by changing the way we govern. Our goal at The GovLab is to strengthen the ability of institutions — including but not limited to governments — and people to work more openly, collaboratively, effectively, and legitimately to make better decisions and solve public problems. We believe that increased availability and use of data, new ways to leverage the capacity, intelligence, and expertise of people in the problem-solving process, combined with new advances in technology and science, can transform governance. We approach each challenge and opportunity in an interdisciplinary, collaborative way, irrespective of the problem, sector, geography, and level of government. For more information, visit the \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">thegovlab.org\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"83eb\" id=\"83eb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">About the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"45e2\" id=\"45e2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">We are social investors who support democracy by funding free expression and journalism, arts and culture in community, research in areas of media and democracy, and in the success of American cities and towns where the Knight brothers once had newspapers. Learn more at \u003Ca href=\"http://kf.org/\" data-href=\"http://kf.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">kf.org\u003C/a> and follow @knightfdn on social media.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/new-report-assessing-the-use-of-non-traditional-data-during-a-pandemic-crisis-released",{"title":1337,"description":1340},"new-report-assessing-the-use-of-non-traditional-data-during-a-pandemic-crisis-released","blogposts/new-report-assessing-the-use-of-non-traditional-data-during-a-pandemic-crisis-released","HolRLZFG8w27-8SKAC-DkfBfVJwy6QifabjoK9wmb1s",{"id":1350,"title":1351,"author":1352,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1353,"body":34,"category":99,"date":1354,"description":1355,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1351,"image":1356,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1357,"meta":1358,"navigation":15,"path":1359,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1360,"slug":1361,"startTime":34,"stem":1362,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1363},"blogposts/blogposts/governing-the-environment-related-data-space.json","Governing the Environment-Related Data Space","Sampriti Saxena",[],"2022-10-04T00:00:00","Today, The GovLab and The Democratic Society published their report, “Governing the Environment-Related Data Space”.","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*8SHVSFq0FCG7oNDPFe7I8w.jpeg","\u003Ch2 id=\"governing-the-environment-related-data-space-1\">\u003Cstrong>Governing the Environment-Related Data Space\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>This piece, written by Stefaan G. Verhulst, Anthony Zacharzewski and Christian Hudson, was\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> \u003Cem>originally published\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>on the Data & Policy Blog. Data & Policy is a peer-reviewed, open access journal dedicated to the impact of data science on policy and governance. To learn more, please visit \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*8SHVSFq0FCG7oNDPFe7I8w.jpeg\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Photo by \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/@guillaumedegermain?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Guillaume de Germain\u003C/a> on \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/s/photos/earth-grass?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Unsplash\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>Today, The GovLab and The Democratic Society published their report, “\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://files.thegovlab.org/erdgovernance.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> \u003Cem>Governing the Environment-Related Data Space\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>”, written by Jörn Fritzenkötter, Laura Hohoff, Paola Pierri, Stefaan G. Verhulst, Andrew Young, and Anthony Zacharzewski . The report captures the findings of their joint research centered on the responsible and effective reuse of environment-related data to achieve greater social and environmental impact.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Environment-related data (ERD) encompasses numerous kinds of data across a wide range of sectors. It can best be defined as data related to any element of the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.conservationecologylab.com/uploads/1/9/7/6/19763887/lewison_et_al_2016a.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) Framework\u003C/a>. If leveraged effectively, this wealth of data could help society establish a sustainable economy, take action against climate change, and support environmental justice — as recognized recently by French President Emmanuel Macron and UN Secretary General’s Special Envoy for Climate Ambition and Solutions Michael R. Bloomberg when establishing the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.elysee.fr/en/emmanuel-macron/2022/06/03/press-release-climate-date-steering-committee\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Climate Data Steering Committee\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>While several actors are working to improve access to, as well as promote the (re)use of, ERD data, two key challenges that hamper progress on this front are data asymmetries and data enclosures. Data asymmetries occur due to the ever-increasing amounts of ERD scattered across diverse actors, with larger and more powerful stakeholders often maintaining unequal access. Asymmetries lead to problems with accessibility and findability (data enclosures), leading to limited sharing and collaboration, and stunting the ability to use data and maximize its potential to address public ills.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The risks and costs of data enclosure and data asymmetries are high. Information bottlenecks cause resources to be misallocated, slow scientific progress, and limit our understanding of the environment.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>A fit-for-purpose governance framework could offer a solution to these barriers by creating space for more systematic, sustainable, and responsible data sharing and collaboration. Better data sharing can in turn ease information flows, mitigate asymmetries, and minimize data enclosures.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>And there are some clear criteria for an effective governance framework. It must have a clear organizing purpose, so as to ensure that data projects are pursued with consideration for the broader technical, social, political, and economic contexts within which the data is produced and consumed. Ensuring that the framework adheres to the three “3 Ps” of governance–principles, processes, and practices–is essential. Principles are important as they offer a “North Star” for a governance framework, ensuring that all activities are aligned with certain commonly agreed criteria. Governance processes enshrine systematic mechanisms for making and implementing decisions. And finally, practices operationalize governance and ensure the principles are upheld and processes are undertaken in reality.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*Rsua3b237uJUXTKyw9yFEA.png\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>The 3 Ps of Data Governance by Stefaan G. Verhulst and Andrew Young\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>A purpose-driven approach, informed by the “3 Ps,” suggests four plausible options for ERD governance models that could be established in the short term. The remainder of this blog examines these four options.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*fGlbP_J0A0yQ5tB0\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>Laissez-Faire: No action; self-organization of the data space\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The status quo is of non-governance, and the laissez-faire approach upholds this. In this system, a shared data space operates without oversight and coordination at the operational level. Instead, strategic decision-making and lower-level governance are done by individual data providers in negotiation with data users. Collective action on the global scale is limited. It can be argued that this approach allows for greater agility and efficiency, however this is not always truly the case.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>Emerging Lead: Existing organization with relevant interests in the area expands its mandate and uses its current governance structures\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>A number of organizations are currently attempting to create sectoral data spaces to share ERD. It is conceivable that a single entity could be well-positioned to federate organizations under a single governance structure. Strategic decision-making and lower-level governance rule-setting and process rules would then be undertaken by a governance committee or others in negotiation with data users.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>New Traditional Organization: Creation of a governing institution de novo\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>As the name suggests, this model calls for the creation of an entirely new structure, with governance principles and structures designed from scratch. The founding members would be responsible for establishing decision making norms and lower-level governance rule-setting processes. The levels of stakeholder involvement and consultation would also depend largely on the decisions of the founding members. One risk with such a model is an imbalance in representation and power.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>New Collaborative: New structure based on participatory governance tailored to context and decision-making needs\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The most promising model would see partners create an entirely new structure and build governance principles and processes from scratch. It diverges from the new traditional organization model in terms of its broader stakeholder engagement, where strategic decision making and lower-level governance rule-setting and process rules setting is agreed upon by founding members with a broad and significant stakeholder involvement. This means that stakeholders collaborate closely and co-decide. In certain cases, independent trustees may be empowered to oversee this governance framework to ensure equitable access and to mediate disputes.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The ERD ecosystem is a fast-moving area. To begin prototyping an effective data collaborative governance structure in the space will require rapid action. Moving forward, three approaches that can be used to craft fit-for-purpose principles, processes and practices are: developing principles through participatory processes; designing processes for collaborative governance; and creating practices and tools to de-risk collaboration.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The full report (PDF) is available \u003Ca href=\"https://files.thegovlab.org/erdgovernance.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">HERE\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>About the Authors:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Stefaan G. Verhulst is Data & Policy Editor-in-Chief and Co-Founder, Chief R&D Officer, and Director of the Data Program of the Governance Laboratory (The GovLab) at New York University.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Anthony Zacharzewski is President and Founder of The Democratic Society.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Christian Hudson is Lead for European Union G7 and G20 Environmental Diplomacy Support.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/governing-the-environment-related-data-space",{"title":1351,"description":1355},"governing-the-environment-related-data-space","blogposts/governing-the-environment-related-data-space","JM-TJgPTVgnuSpsVG14ZSVJ4xWbyZtKpAgVDvQkwBK8",{"id":1365,"title":1366,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1367,"body":34,"category":44,"date":1368,"description":1369,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1366,"image":1370,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1371,"meta":1372,"navigation":15,"path":1373,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1374,"slug":1375,"startTime":34,"stem":1376,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1377},"blogposts/blogposts/learning-from-decide-madrid.json","Learning from Decide Madrid",[],"2022-09-08T14:45:56","How cities can achieve more impactful engagement with residents using new technology","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*OAcbTCCnCXx160Oi.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"b4a1\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"20c6\" id=\"20c6\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Learning from Decide Madrid\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"5469\" id=\"5469\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">How cities can achieve more impactful engagement with residents using new technology\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"e32c\" id=\"e32c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Originally published in \u003Ca href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/post/learning-from-decide-madrid\" data-href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/post/learning-from-decide-madrid\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab blog\u003C/a> on March 28, 2022\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"c13a\" id=\"c13a\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*OAcbTCCnCXx160Oi.jpeg\" data-width=\"1800\" data-height=\"1356\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*OAcbTCCnCXx160Oi.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Cover photo by \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/@alevisionco\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/@alevisionco\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">alevision.co\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\"> via Unsplash.com\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"089e\" id=\"089e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In 2021, the Madrid City Council commissioned The GovLab to conduct a \u003Ca href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/madrid-report-english.pdf\" data-href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/madrid-report-english.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">data-driven analysis\u003C/a> of \u003Ca href=\"https://decide.madrid.es/\" data-href=\"https://decide.madrid.es/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Decide Madrid\u003C/a> (DM), the City’s main public engagement platform. DM allows individuals to submit legislative proposals to the City Council, participate in online discussions, contribute to consultations posed by the City, vote directly on policies, decisions or actions of the City government, and participate in Madrid’s annual participatory budgeting program, to which the City allocates €50–100 million annually.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1bff\" id=\"1bff\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">While the DM platform originally attracted a great deal of attention, with nearly 400,000 registered users in the first three years, only one of the 28,000 proposals submitted by residents through the legislative proposals feature has been implemented by the city since the platform’s launch in 2015. Critically, the lack of outcomes from residents’ proposals may discourage individuals from engaging with the platform.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5933\" id=\"5933\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This blog post explains our recommendations for how Madrid can improve the platform, strengthen the diversity of who participates, and create new opportunities for engagement, which also serves as guidance to other cities looking to improve their own engagement platforms and processes.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"debc\" id=\"debc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The City Council of Madrid should:\u003C/p>\u003Col class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"7024\" id=\"7024\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Collect additional data to deepen its understanding of differences in participation (not only registration) among groups of people.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1316\" id=\"1316\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Experiment with machine learning to process comments more efficiently, reduce the number of duplicative proposals and improve the quality of proposals.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8425\" id=\"8425\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Provide individuals with personalized feedback to help them create higher-quality, more implementable proposals.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a644\" id=\"a644\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Create a Groups feature that would allow individuals to find and join existing groups around common interests, in order to build in more opportunities for group collaboration.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"fa14\" id=\"fa14\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Replicate the City Challenge model to co-create solutions to challenges with residents.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7875\" id=\"7875\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Create a youth-focused participatory budgeting initiative, similar to those in Helsinki and Vienna.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7bd4\" id=\"7bd4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Create a “citizens’ assembly” as an alternative participatory policymaking method, like those examples in Paris and Belgium.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9b16\" id=\"9b16\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Study other platforms that allow individuals to make legislative proposals to identify best practices.\u003C/li>\u003C/ol>\u003Cfigure name=\"a966\" id=\"a966\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*qlJb7u-4TrnITkL9.jpeg\" data-width=\"1800\" data-height=\"1505\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*qlJb7u-4TrnITkL9.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"d61b\" id=\"d61b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Example of a resident’s proposal calling for a ban on advertising on public infrastructure. Source: \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://decide.madrid.es/proposals/29132-sancionar-la-publicidad-no-permitida-en-la-via-publica\" data-href=\"https://decide.madrid.es/proposals/29132-sancionar-la-publicidad-no-permitida-en-la-via-publica\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">https://decide.madrid.es/proposals/29132-sancionar-la-publicidad-no-permitida-en-la-via-publica\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"d163\" id=\"d163\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Recommendations to Achieve More Diverse and Impactful Public Engagement\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"7df1\" id=\"7df1\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3\">Recommendation 1: Collect data and run experiments to deepen understanding of demographic differences in participation\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"c489\" id=\"c489\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Achieving representative engagement is a common challenge for participatory democracy initiatives, particularly those that allow participants to self-select. Our analysis of DM user data found that younger people (under 30), older people (over 65), and people who identify as female are underrepresented compared to their respective shares of the city’s population. Having robust evidence to understand these disparities can help indicate how they can be overcome.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7f75\" id=\"7f75\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Madrid, and other cities, should conduct surveys and interviews with individuals who are registered on their public engagement platforms, former participants who have dropped out, and people who do not participate to understand what motivates, as well as what discourages, people from engaging. In the interest of “meeting people where they are” we need to go beyond data about registration to understand differences in \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">how \u003C/em>different groups experience, navigate, and benefit from the engagement process.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"c214\" id=\"c214\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Recommendation 2: Experiment with machine learning to process comments and proposals more efficiently\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"4d6d\" id=\"4d6d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Engagement processes which require public servants to process large amounts of text, such as public comments or legislative proposals, can create redundancies and inefficiencies that make it difficult for public servants to keep up with the flow of information. On the DM platform, users often submit legislative proposals that duplicate existing proposals made by others. For example, there are numerous proposals submitted within the last few years calling for stricter enforcement of fines for people who do not clean up their pets’ droppings. The presence of multiple similar proposals may confuse users or cause them to split their support among these proposals, making it difficult for any one idea to garner the support it needs to advance through the process.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3ec2\" id=\"3ec2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Cities should experiment with machine learning tools to more efficiently group, analyze, and draw insights from public proposals and comments and deliver feedback. For instance, the Belgian company \u003Ca href=\"https://www.citizenlab.co/\" data-href=\"https://www.citizenlab.co/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CitizenLab\u003C/a> created a text analysis \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nesta.org.uk/feature/ai-and-collective-intelligence-case-studies/citizenlab/\" data-href=\"https://www.nesta.org.uk/feature/ai-and-collective-intelligence-case-studies/citizenlab/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">tool\u003C/a> that clusters comments and proposals submitted by citizens into common topic areas, making it easier for officials to quickly understand the public’s ideas and priorities. A similar approach could help Madrid and other cities with similar platforms to make use of public comments and proposals and enhance the relevance and usefulness of the platform for policymaking and governance. For example, the large volume of proposals about pet droppings could indicate that better enforcement and disposal of animal waste is a priority for some Madrid residents, which could in turn spark the creation of new policies or programs to address the problem.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"8e72\" id=\"8e72\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*4WSf4L6xya_0sqUk.png\" data-width=\"714\" data-height=\"565\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*4WSf4L6xya_0sqUk.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"93ab\" id=\"93ab\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Example of data visualization for topic clustering on CitizenLab’s natural language processing tool. Source: \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.nesta.org.uk/feature/ai-and-collective-intelligence-case-studies/citizenlab/\" data-href=\"https://www.nesta.org.uk/feature/ai-and-collective-intelligence-case-studies/citizenlab/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">https://www.nesta.org.uk/feature/ai-and-collective-intelligence-case-studies/citizenlab/\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"5ae4\" id=\"5ae4\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Recommendation 3: Provide individuals with personalized feedback to help them create higher-quality, more implementable proposals\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"cb1f\" id=\"cb1f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Even the most enthusiastic city residents, generally, are not experts in proposing and writing legislation. Legislative proposal platforms need to guide residents through the process of identifying solutions that are within the jurisdiction and scope of what the city government can reasonably implement, or they risk wasting residents’ time and energy crafting proposals that have no chance of being implemented, and civil servants’ resources processing these proposals. In Madrid, the city government is not permitted to provide feedback on legislative proposals, resulting in many poorly formulated and unimplementable submissions, including proposals outside of the city’s jurisdiction (like \u003Ca href=\"https://decide.madrid.es/proposals/29948-segundo-aeropuerto-de-madrid-en-las-pistas-de-torrejon\" data-href=\"https://decide.madrid.es/proposals/29948-segundo-aeropuerto-de-madrid-en-las-pistas-de-torrejon\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">constructing a new airport\u003C/a> in the municipality of Torrejón de Ardoz).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d3ae\" id=\"d3ae\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Cities should create programs where lawyers, paralegals, and law students can lend their time to provide legal analysis and feedback of proposals. For example, in Brazil, residents use a platform called \u003Ca href=\"https://www.mudamos.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.mudamos.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Mudamos\u003C/a> to propose laws and policies, whereby a \u003Ca href=\"https://congress.crowd.law/case-mudamos.html\" data-href=\"https://congress.crowd.law/case-mudamos.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">volunteer legal team\u003C/a> guides users on whether their proposed law meets the constitutional requirements for a citizens’ initiative bill and whether it can be published on the platform. For Madrid and other cities, providing similar legal analysis could help to weed out legally impossible proposals and to strengthen the quality of legally feasible proposals.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"0d0e\" id=\"0d0e\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Recommendation 4: Create a Groups feature that would allow individuals to find and join existing groups around common interests, in order to build in more opportunities for group collaboration\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"08b5\" id=\"08b5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Like many cities, Madrid primarily collects input from businesses, non-governmental organizations, and other groups through mechanisms separate from its public engagement platform, such as stakeholder meetings. With the exception of the participatory budgeting program, the DM platform is designed as a way for \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">individuals\u003C/em>, rather than businesses or organizations, to contribute their expertise and opinions.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e1ce\" id=\"e1ce\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The City should create a Groups feature that would allow individuals to create and join groups around their shared interests. Similar to Facebook Groups or the “Groups” feature on Athens’s citizen engagement platform, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.synathina.gr/en/\" data-href=\"https://www.synathina.gr/en/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">synAthina\u003C/a>, teams could create a page with a description of their purpose and work and optional links to their website and social media pages. Individuals could search for teams by keyword and filter teams by topic area and district, offering people with similar interests a chance to collaborate with one another. For example, the individuals who have created separate proposals calling for more parking along \u003Ca href=\"https://decide.madrid.es/proposals/29629-parking-subterraneo-en-calle-de-argumosa-y-ampliacion-de-aceras\" data-href=\"https://decide.madrid.es/proposals/29629-parking-subterraneo-en-calle-de-argumosa-y-ampliacion-de-aceras\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Calle de Argumosa\u003C/a> and in the \u003Ca href=\"https://decide.madrid.es/proposals/29090-crear-aparcamiento-publico-puerta-del-angel-ermita-del-santo\" data-href=\"https://decide.madrid.es/proposals/29090-crear-aparcamiento-publico-puerta-del-angel-ermita-del-santo\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Puerta del Angel\u003C/a> area might decide to team up to create and promote a single proposal calling for more public parking across the city, or to advocate for such action offline. A Groups feature would also create an incentive for more organizations to participate, as the platform could provide them with an opportunity to connect with individuals who are interested in participating in actions they care about.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"aa36\" id=\"aa36\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Recommendation 5: Replicate the \u003Ca href=\"https://multicitychallenge.org/\" data-href=\"https://multicitychallenge.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--h4-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">City Challenge\u003C/a> model to co-create solutions to challenges with residents\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"1c42\" id=\"1c42\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">DM could be used to run a \u003Ca href=\"https://multicitychallenge.org/\" data-href=\"https://multicitychallenge.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">City Challenge\u003C/a> as an additional public participation opportunity for Madrid residents. In a City Challenge, cities work with residents to codesign and collaboratively implement solutions to urban challenges, such as climate change and sustainability, public health and equity, congestion and pollution, structural racism and civic engagement. The GovLab has organized past City Challenges in partnership with the cities of San Pedro Garza García, Mexico; Barcelona, Spain; Oakland, California; and in multiple cities simultaneously across Mexico and Africa, providing training for participants and public servants to strengthen their capacity to implement impactful and sustainable projects. A City Challenge would give Madrid the opportunity to more rapidly develop and implement solutions to priority problems identified by residents, while also building capacity among civil servants to support and sustain those projects.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"6f1f\" id=\"6f1f\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Recommendation 6: Create a youth-focused participatory budgeting initiative\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"b77d\" id=\"b77d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Successfully engaging youth is a common challenge for public engagement projects. Too often, cities design engagement initiatives without regard for existing channels that youth use to make their opinions heard (such as through online activism), neglect to create outreach materials that appeal to young people, or design processes whose rules exclude young adults altogether. In Madrid’s case, for example, individuals under age 16 are not eligible to participate in the City’s participatory budgeting initiative.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6653\" id=\"6653\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Madrid, and other cities with participatory budgeting programs, should provide a portion of this annual funding to projects proposed and voted on by youth, following the lead of other cities such as \u003Ca href=\"https://www.junges.wien/domain/1338\" data-href=\"https://www.junges.wien/domain/1338\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Vienna\u003C/a>’s \u003Ca href=\"https://www.junges.wien/domain/1338\" data-href=\"https://www.junges.wien/domain/1338\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">pilot €1 million\u003C/a> participatory budgeting initiative called \u003Ca href=\"https://www.junges.wien/domain/1338\" data-href=\"https://www.junges.wien/domain/1338\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Dein Wien for Future\u003C/a> (“Your Vienna for the Future”) that allocates €1 million for projects that are proposed and voted on by for people ages 5 through 20 or \u003Ca href=\"https://ruutibudjetti.hel.fi/?locale=en\" data-href=\"https://ruutibudjetti.hel.fi/?locale=en\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Helsinki’s €150,000 participatory budgeting\u003C/a> for people ages 12 through 17 who participate online through a City-run platform built upon the \u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/decidim/decidim\" data-href=\"https://github.com/decidim/decidim\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Decidim\u003C/a> framework.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"d21a\" id=\"d21a\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*DzCxAScZnfGSQz6C.jpeg\" data-width=\"1800\" data-height=\"913\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*DzCxAScZnfGSQz6C.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"24c5\" id=\"24c5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Screenshot of the online platform for Vienna’s youth participatory budgeting initiative. Source: \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.junges.wien/domain/1338\" data-href=\"https://www.junges.wien/domain/1338\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">https://www.junges.wien/domain/1338\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"b436\" id=\"b436\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Recommendation 7: Create a “citizens’ assembly” as an alternative participatory policymaking method\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"fd12\" id=\"fd12\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">A citizens’ assembly is composed of randomly selected and representative citizens, who are convened to deliberate and make recommendations on a specific issue. Random representative sampling as well as the ability to design citizens’ assemblies to oversample for underrepresented groups, means that decisions made by the assembly are more representative of community sentiment, and a diversity of viewpoints, and thus are more legitimate.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9e29\" id=\"9e29\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">While Madrid briefly experimented with a citizen assembly and created a \u003Ca href=\"https://www.madrid.es/portales/munimadrid/es/Inicio/El-Ayuntamiento/Espacio-asociativo/Organos-de-participacion/Consejo-Social-de-la-Ciudad/Consejo-Social-de-la-Ciudad-de-Madrid/?vgnextfmt=default&vgnextoid=8dd89271cd0d9710VgnVCM1000001d4a900aRCRD&vgnextchannel=86ee9271cd0d9710VgnVCM1000001d4a900aRCRD\" data-href=\"https://www.madrid.es/portales/munimadrid/es/Inicio/El-Ayuntamiento/Espacio-asociativo/Organos-de-participacion/Consejo-Social-de-la-Ciudad/Consejo-Social-de-la-Ciudad-de-Madrid/?vgnextfmt=default&vgnextoid=8dd89271cd0d9710VgnVCM1000001d4a900aRCRD&vgnextchannel=86ee9271cd0d9710VgnVCM1000001d4a900aRCRD\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">new participatory body\u003C/a> for stakeholder and interest groups in 2020, a well-designed citizens’ assembly could serve as a more effective, diverse, and legitimate mechanism for participatory lawmaking.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"86aa\" id=\"86aa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">There are a number of existing citizens’ assembly models in place at the city, state, and regional level throughout Europe that Madrid and other cities could build upon and learn from. In 2021, Barcelona created \u003Ca href=\"https://www.decidim.barcelona/processes/forumjoveBCN?locale=es\" data-href=\"https://www.decidim.barcelona/processes/forumjoveBCN?locale=es\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Forum Jove BCN\u003C/a>, a citizens’ assembly of 99 young people aged 16–29 who made recommendations to the Barcelona City Council regarding policies that impact young people in the city. Belgium has also implemented a \u003Ca href=\"http://democratie.brussels/c\" data-href=\"http://democratie.brussels/c\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">citizens’ assembly\u003C/a> of 45 randomly selected members of the public who \u003Ca href=\"https://congress.crowd.law/case-belgian-sortition-models.html\" data-href=\"https://congress.crowd.law/case-belgian-sortition-models.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">work with members of parliament\u003C/a> to design new policies around topics including the regulation of 5G infrastructure, the re-accommodation of homeless people, and the role of citizens in times of crisis. The City of Paris \u003Ca href=\"https://www.buergerrat.de/en/news/standing-citizens-assembly-in-paris/\" data-href=\"https://www.buergerrat.de/en/news/standing-citizens-assembly-in-paris/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">inaugurated its permanent citizens’ assembly\u003C/a> in November of 2021, composed of 100 Parisian citizens that deliberate and issue recommendations to the City Council and draft laws, among other powers.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"56d6\" id=\"56d6\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Recommendation 8: Study other platforms that allow individuals to make legislative proposals to identify best practices\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"5031\" id=\"5031\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">As described in greater detail in our \u003Ca href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/madrid-report-english.pdf\" data-href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/madrid-report-english.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">analysis report\u003C/a>, the use of the DM platform to submit legislative proposals is decreasing each year. There is an urgent need to radically rethink the design of the process, using lessons learned from impactful legislative proposal platforms from around the world.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"41bf\" id=\"41bf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A number of countries — including \u003Ca href=\"http://collective-intelligence.thegovlab.org/case/finnish-citizens-initiative\" data-href=\"http://collective-intelligence.thegovlab.org/case/finnish-citizens-initiative\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Finland\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://congress.crowd.law/case-rahvakogu.html\" data-href=\"https://congress.crowd.law/case-rahvakogu.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Estonia\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://manabalss.lv/\" data-href=\"https://manabalss.lv/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Latvia\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://congress.crowd.law/case-better-reykjavik.html\" data-href=\"https://congress.crowd.law/case-better-reykjavik.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Iceland\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"https://congress.crowd.law/case-mudamos.html\" data-href=\"https://congress.crowd.law/case-mudamos.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Brazil\u003C/a> — have implemented online platforms at the national level that enable citizens to submit legislative proposals and sign-on to proposals submitted by others. Several of these platforms have achieved higher and more sustained participation that the DM proposal feature currently exhibits. Finland’s Ministry of Justice maintains an \u003Ca href=\"https://www.kansalaisaloite.fi/fi\" data-href=\"https://www.kansalaisaloite.fi/fi\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">online platform\u003C/a> where citizens can initiate and sign petitions under the country’s citizens’ initiative law. The country’s parliament must consider any initiative which receives at least 50,000 signatures. Since the citizens’ initiative law went into effect in 2012, more than 1,000 petitions have been proposed, 56 of which have collected at least 50,000 signatures, including a proposal to legalize same-sex marriage, which parliament passed into law in 2017. Estonia’s government runs a similar platform for its residents to propose and support policy ideas at the national or city level. More than 50 proposals have reached the signature threshold necessary for consideration (1,000 signatures at the national level or 1% of the population for city-level proposals) in just the last two years. Studying these and other existing examples could provide additional lessons for how the Proposals feature of DM could be improved in order to expand engagement and impact.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"fb16\" id=\"fb16\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Conclusion\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"40cf\" id=\"40cf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">The recommendations and examples above illustrate how cities are using new platforms and processes to enable more effective, equitable, and impactful collaboration with residents. Madrid and other cities should continue to experiment with such new forms of engagement that can provide the infrastructure needed to innovate and to solve emerging problems in new ways.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fbad\" id=\"fbad\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">To read these recommendations in their entirety, visit: \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/madrid-report-english.pdf\" data-href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/madrid-report-english.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">http://files.thegovlab.org/madrid-report-english.pdf\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"61e1\" id=\"61e1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">For more information about the design and development of Decide Madrid, read our \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://congress.crowd.law/case-decide-madrid.html\" data-href=\"https://congress.crowd.law/case-decide-madrid.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">case study\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> and previous \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/post/beyond-protest-examining-the-decide-madrid-platform-for-public-engagement\" data-href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/post/beyond-protest-examining-the-decide-madrid-platform-for-public-engagement\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">blog series\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"27ed\" id=\"27ed\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">To learn more about how cities are using new technologies to enable better collaboration with the public in lawmaking, visit: \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://congress.crowd.law/\" data-href=\"https://congress.crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">https://congress.crowd.law/\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/learning-from-decide-madrid",{"title":1366,"description":1369},"learning-from-decide-madrid","blogposts/learning-from-decide-madrid","zkTCxImuWi17taCMeAIcCOdGpZsuj8QdWgfpqSHFhyo",{"id":1379,"title":1380,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1381,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1382,"description":1383,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1380,"image":1384,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1385,"meta":1386,"navigation":15,"path":1387,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1388,"slug":1389,"startTime":34,"stem":1390,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1391},"blogposts/blogposts/open-data-policy-lab-publishes-new-guide-on-periodic-table-of-open-data.json","Open Data Policy Lab Publishes New Guide on Periodic Table of Open Data",[],"2022-09-01T14:22:34","In 2016, The GovLab published the Periodic Table of Open Data Impact Factors, a framework for understanding the many elements that...","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*2SmRPkEGOKHyW_aCq5n1Uw.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"67f0\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"cb9f\" id=\"cb9f\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Open Data Policy Lab Publishes New Guide on Periodic Table of Open Data\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"1a90\" id=\"1a90\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This piece was originally published by the Open Data Policy Lab, a collaboration between The GovLab and Microsoft to support decision-makers at the local, state and national levels as they accelerate the responsible re-use and opening of data for the benefit of society and the equitable spread of economic opportunity. For more information on its work, please visit \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://opendatapolicylab.org/\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"4e96\" id=\"4e96\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*2SmRPkEGOKHyW_aCq5n1Uw.png\" data-width=\"1650\" data-height=\"1558\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*2SmRPkEGOKHyW_aCq5n1Uw.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">The Periodic Table of Open Data: A User’s Guide\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"68b5\" id=\"68b5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In 2016, The GovLab published the \u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/periodic-table.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/periodic-table.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Periodic Table of Open Data Impact Factors\u003C/a>, a framework for understanding the many elements that support and hinder open data initiatives. Since then, the open data ecosystem has grown and transformed. To meet the changing needs of data practitioners around the world, the Open Data Policy Lab is excited to announce the updated re-release of the periodic table in a new format: \u003Ca href=\"https://periodictable.opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://periodictable.opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Periodic Table of Open Data: A User’s Guide\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8cea\" id=\"8cea\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">User’s Guide \u003C/em>is a checklist and tool to weigh different elements based on their context and priorities.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"54e8\" id=\"54e8\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*Kspn1RaCdNcH2D564f21YQ.jpeg\" data-width=\"3301\" data-height=\"2551\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*Kspn1RaCdNcH2D564f21YQ.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">The revised Periodic Table of Open Data Elements\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"206c\" id=\"206c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Developed through workshops, conversations with experts around the world, and our own research, the \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">User’s Guide \u003C/em>identifies some of the key issues facing open data practitioners as they work to release and re-use open data for the public good. Like previous versions of the table, it characterizes each of these issues as “elements” of an open data initiative and categorizes them according to one of five key areas:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"cb8a\" id=\"cb8a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Problem and Demand Definition: \u003C/strong>Elements that allow a project to be targeted and optimized;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"846e\" id=\"846e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Capacity and Culture: Elements referring to an organization’s ability to pursue open data;\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"88d3\" id=\"88d3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Governance and Standards:\u003C/strong> Elements about how an organization makes decisions about open data;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a4a3\" id=\"a4a3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Personnel and Partnerships: \u003C/strong>Elements that relate to the specific actors — both individuals and institutions — whose support can enable an open data initiative’s success; and\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"44d1\" id=\"44d1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Risk Mitigation: \u003C/strong>Elements that reflect practices adopted by organizations to prevent or mitigate potential harms.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"318f\" id=\"318f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">The most important feature of our new \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">User’s Guide \u003C/em>is its ability to serve as a diagnostic tool. With a series of fillable, interactable worksheets, data practitioners can assess the different elements of their open data project to achieve more sustainable and successful open data initiatives. By indicating how important each element is to their project, readers can “weigh” each element and develop an assessment of which kinds of elements to focus most of their attention on to equip data (re)use projects for success.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4017\" id=\"4017\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Open Data Policy Lab encourages individuals to read the new user guide to develop insights. Over the coming weeks, we will also be producing customized workshops and webinars to help organizations deploy the periodic table into the areas they work.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9464\" id=\"9464\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">If you are interested in operationalizing open data in your organization, we encourage you to contact us at \u003Ca href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\" data-href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">datastewards@thegovlab.org\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> for more information.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/open-data-policy-lab-publishes-new-guide-on-periodic-table-of-open-data",{"title":1380,"description":1383},"open-data-policy-lab-publishes-new-guide-on-periodic-table-of-open-data","blogposts/open-data-policy-lab-publishes-new-guide-on-periodic-table-of-open-data","F63pIkmVf7HE_Z5PFMX_TJqKS8Rl_pP6vCmf-O5REvo",{"id":1393,"title":1394,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1395,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1396,"description":1397,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1394,"image":1398,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1399,"meta":1400,"navigation":15,"path":1401,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1402,"slug":1403,"startTime":34,"stem":1404,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1405},"blogposts/blogposts/join-us-open-peer-review-of-new-report-data4covid19-review.json","JOIN US: Open Peer Review of New Report: #Data4COVID19 Review",[],"2022-07-26T13:58:31","The COVID-19 pandemic has had a catastrophic impact on the world, inflicting enormous health, economic, political and cultural costs…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*imL4YJalNZ2H_Y81","\n\u003Csection name=\"6b7d\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"337d\" id=\"337d\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">JOIN US: Open Peer Review of New Report: #Data4COVID19 Review\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"d158\" id=\"d158\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*imL4YJalNZ2H_Y81\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"562\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*imL4YJalNZ2H_Y81\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"906f\" id=\"906f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The COVID-19 pandemic has had a catastrophic impact on the world, inflicting enormous health, economic, political and cultural costs. Countries around the world have undertaken approaches to mitigate these consequences through the use of data, including data from non-traditional sources such as social media and telecommunications companies. However, there has been little research into how these efforts operated or what impacts they had on COVID-19 response. Over the past few months, The GovLab has sought to address this gap by undertaking an in-depth study of non-traditional data sources and their use across the pandemic.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"3acf\" id=\"3acf\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*i3T2Z57v6orNpPMp\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"196\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*i3T2Z57v6orNpPMp\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"68d1\" id=\"68d1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Today, we are calling on you to provide \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScbp8fjE26Otg9AEdUvru9tLYx5Ki10Nv6BIK8lerqOzP6J9Q/viewform?usp=sf_link\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScbp8fjE26Otg9AEdUvru9tLYx5Ki10Nv6BIK8lerqOzP6J9Q/viewform?usp=sf_link\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">feedback\u003C/a> on that latest initiative: the \u003Ca href=\"https://review.data4covid19.org/\" data-href=\"https://review.data4covid19.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">#Data4COVID19 Review\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f2fe\" id=\"f2fe\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Launched with the support of the Knight Foundation, the \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Review \u003C/em>is an attempt to evaluate how select countries used data to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. The GovLab has produced a report that seeks to provide greater clarity on the role of non-traditional data during the COVID-19 pandemic. It details how organizations used non-traditional sources of health, mobility, economic, and sentiment data through a series of briefings intended for a generalist audience.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"266c\" id=\"266c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We are now welcoming scholars, practitioners, and other interested parties to provide feedback on semi-finalized version of this report, or sections thereof. If you are interested in being a recognized peer reviewer of any of these pieces,\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScbp8fjE26Otg9AEdUvru9tLYx5Ki10Nv6BIK8lerqOzP6J9Q/viewform?usp=sf_link\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScbp8fjE26Otg9AEdUvru9tLYx5Ki10Nv6BIK8lerqOzP6J9Q/viewform?usp=sf_link\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">please use this form\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> to share a bit about your interest and expertise. Following review, we’ll share the draft documents and a brief questionnaire to solicit your input.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7534\" id=\"7534\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">We appreciate your support! Direct any questions about this work to \u003Ca href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\" data-href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">datastewards@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/join-us-open-peer-review-of-new-report-data4covid19-review",{"title":1394,"description":1397},"join-us-open-peer-review-of-new-report-data4covid19-review","blogposts/join-us-open-peer-review-of-new-report-data4covid19-review","5iqlLlrODW2XE_c2ZphRAs2RPYFMM3F4d38NUGnBLqY",{"id":1407,"title":1408,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1409,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1410,"description":1411,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1408,"image":1412,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1413,"meta":1414,"navigation":15,"path":1415,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1416,"slug":1417,"startTime":34,"stem":1418,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1419},"blogposts/blogposts/selected-readings-on-the-lgtbq-community-and-data.json","Selected Readings on the LGTBQ+ Community and Data",[],"2022-07-21T17:14:00","Around the world, LGBTQ+ people face exclusion and discrimination that undermines their capacity to succeed. Together with allies, many…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*wXF86gGvALA6BwDy","\n\u003Csection name=\"25b4\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"900f\" id=\"900f\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Selected Readings on the LGTBQ+ Community and Data\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"ca40\" id=\"ca40\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">By Uma Kalkar, Salwa Mansuri, Marine Ragnet and Andrew J. Zahuranec\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"9bcb\" id=\"9bcb\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*wXF86gGvALA6BwDy\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"750\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*wXF86gGvALA6BwDy\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Photo by \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/G8CxFhKuPDU\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/G8CxFhKuPDU\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Cecilie Johnsen\u003C/a>/Unsplash is licensed under CC0.\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"4fe8\" id=\"4fe8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">As part of an ongoing effort to contribute to current topics in data, technology, and governance, The GovLab’s \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/the-govlab-selected-readings/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/the-govlab-selected-readings/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Selected Readings\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> series provides an annotated and curated collection of recommended works on themes such as open data, data collaboration, and civic technology.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f898\" id=\"f898\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Around the world, LGBTQ+ people face exclusion and discrimination that undermines their capacity to live their lives and succeed. Together with allies, many LGBTQ+ people are fighting to exercise their rights and achieve full equality. However, this struggle has been undermined by a lack of specific, quantifiable information on the challenges they face.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9576\" id=\"9576\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">When collected and managed responsibly, data about sexual and gender minorities can be used to protect and empower LGBTQ+ people through informed policy and advocacy work. To this end, this Selected Reading investigates what data is (and is not) collected about LGBTQ+ individuals in the areas within healthcare, education, economics, and public policy and the ramifications of these outcomes. It offers a perspective on some of the existing gaps regarding LGBTQ+ data collection. It also examines the various challenges that LGBTQ+ groups have had to overcome through a data lens. While activism and advocacy has increased the visibility and acceptance of sexual and gender minorities and allowed them to better exercise their rights in society, significant inequities remain. Our literature review puts forward some of these recent efforts.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"77dd\" id=\"77dd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Most of the papers included in this review, however, conclude with similar findings: data for about LGBTQ+ communities is still lacking and as a result, research on the topic is often times also lagging behind. This is particularly problematic, as detailed in some of our readings, because LGBTQ+ populations are often at the center of discrimination and still face \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://cns.utexas.edu/news/how-to-best-support-lgtbq-youth-according-to-science\" data-href=\"https://cns.utexas.edu/news/how-to-best-support-lgtbq-youth-according-to-science\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">disparate health vulnerabilities\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">. The \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/4176/text\" data-href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/4176/text\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">LGBTQI+ Data Inclusion Act\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, which recently passed the US House of Representatives and would require over 100 federal agencies to improve data collection and surveying of LGBTQ communities, seeks to address this gap.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a350\" id=\"a350\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">We hope this selection of readings can provide some clarity on current data-driven research for and about LGBTQ+ individuals. The readings are presented in alphabetical order.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ae05\" id=\"ae05\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">***\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"11bb\" id=\"11bb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Selected Reading List (in alphabetical order)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"eceb\" id=\"eceb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">D’Ignazio, Catherine, and Lauren F. Klein. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Data Feminism\u003C/em>. MIT Press, 2020. \u003Ca href=\"https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/data-feminism\" data-href=\"https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/data-feminism\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/data-feminism\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"609a\" id=\"609a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Giblon, Rachel, and Greta R. Bauer. “Health care availability, quality, and unmet need: a comparison of transgender and cisgender residents of Ontario, Canada.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">BMC Health Services Research\u003C/em> 17, no. 1 (2017): 1–10. \u003Ca href=\"https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-017-2226-z\" data-href=\"https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-017-2226-z\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-017-2226-z\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a8da\" id=\"a8da\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Marshall, Zack, Vivian Welch, Alexa Minichiello, Michelle Swab, Fern Brunger, and Chris Kaposy. “Documenting research with transgender, nonbinary, and other gender diverse (trans) individuals and communities: introducing the global trans research evidence map.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Transgender Health\u003C/em> 4, no. 1 (2019): 68–80. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/trgh.2018.0020\" data-href=\"https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/trgh.2018.0020\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/trgh.2018.0020\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9e2c\" id=\"9e2c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Medina, Caroline and Lindsay Mahowald. “Collecting Data about LGBTQI+ and Other Sexual and Gender-Diverse Communities.” Center for American Progress, May 26, 2022. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.americanprogress.org/article/collecting-data-about-lgbtqi-and-other-sexual-and-gender-diverse-communities/\" data-href=\"https://www.americanprogress.org/article/collecting-data-about-lgbtqi-and-other-sexual-and-gender-diverse-communities/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.americanprogress.org/article/collecting-data-about-lgbtqi-and-other-sexual-and-gender-diverse-communities\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"dfd3\" id=\"dfd3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Miner, Michael H., Walter O. Bockting, Rebecca Swinburne Romine, and Sivakumaran Raman. “Conducting internet research with the transgender population: Reaching broad samples and collecting valid data.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Social science computer review\u003C/em> 30, no. 2 (2012): 202–211. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3769415/\" data-href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3769415/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3769415/\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a211\" id=\"a211\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Pega, Frank, Sari L. Reisner, Randall L. Sell, and Jaimie F. Veale. “Transgender health: New Zealand’s innovative statistical standard for gender identity.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">American journal of public health\u003C/em> 107, no. 2 (2017): 217–221. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5227923/\" data-href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5227923/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5227923/\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4eac\" id=\"4eac\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Ruberg, Bonnie, and Spencer Ruelos. “Data for Queer Lives: How LGBTQ Gender and Sexuality Identities Challenge Norms of Demographics.” Big Data & Society 7, no. 1 (June 18, 2020): 205395172093328. \u003Ca href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2053951720933286\" data-href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2053951720933286\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2053951720933286\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"99b9\" id=\"99b9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Sell, Randall L. “LGBTQ health surveillance: data = power.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">American Journal of Public Health\u003C/em> 107, no. 6 (2017): 843–844. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5425894/\" data-href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5425894/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5425894/\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ddaa\" id=\"ddaa\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Snapp, Shannon D., Stephen T. Russell, Mariella Arredondo, and Russell Skiba. “A right to disclose: LGBTQ youth representation in data, science, and policy.” Advances in child development and behavior 50 (2016): 135–159. \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26956072/\" data-href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26956072/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26956072/\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"44c5\" id=\"44c5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Wimberly, George L. “Chapter 10: Use of large-scale data sets and LGBTQ education.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">LGBTQ issues in education: Advancing a research agenda\u003C/em> (2015): 175–218. \u003Ca href=\"https://ebooks.aera.net/LGBTQCH10\" data-href=\"https://ebooks.aera.net/LGBTQCH10\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://ebooks.aera.net/LGBTQCH10\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"1c0f\" id=\"1c0f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">***\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"de5d\" id=\"de5d\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Annotated Selected Reading List (in alphabetical order):\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"85da\" id=\"85da\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">D’Ignazio, Catherine, and Lauren F. Klein. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data Feminism\u003C/em>. MIT Press, 2020. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/data-feminism\" data-href=\"https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/data-feminism\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/data-feminism\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"1d8e\" id=\"1d8e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">D’Ignazio and Klein investigate how data has been historically used to maintain specific social status quos. To overcome this challenge, they approach data collection and uses through an intersectional, feminist lens that identifies issues in current data handling systems and looks toward solutions for more inclusive data applications.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7fc3\" id=\"7fc3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The editors define data feminism as “power, about who has it and who doesn’t, and about how those differentials of power can be challenged and changed using data.” The book centers around seven principles that identify and challenge existing power structures around data and seek pluralist, context-based data processes that illuminate hidden and missed data.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"fdf5\" id=\"fdf5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Giblon, Rachel, and Greta R. Bauer. “Health care availability, quality, and unmet need: a comparison of transgender and cisgender residents of Ontario, Canada.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">BMC Health Services Research\u003C/em> 17, no. 1 (2017): 1–10. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-017-2226-z\" data-href=\"https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-017-2226-z\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-017-2226-z\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"39ea\" id=\"39ea\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Canada boasts a universal healthcare and insurance system, yet disparities exist between the treatment quality, services, and knowledge about transgender patients.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a645\" id=\"a645\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Data collection on transgender, non-binary, and intersex individuals is not conducted in Canadian health surveys, making it difficult to compare and contrast the healthcare provided to transgender people with that provided to cisgender people. Moreover, a lack of physician knowledge about trans needs and/or refusal to provide hormone therapy/ gender-affirming procedures result in trans individuals explicitly avoiding medical services. The lack of services, comfort, and data about transgender people in Canada demonstrate their severely “unmet health care need.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9553\" id=\"9553\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Using data about Ontario residents from the Canadian Community Health Survey and the Trans PULSE survey, the researchers find that 33% transgender Ontarians had an unmet health need that would not be unmet if they were cisgender. As well, transgender men and women found the quality of healthcare in their community to be poor than compared to cisgender individuals. Twenty-one percent of transgender people avoided going to emergency rooms because of their gender identity.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"92f6\" id=\"92f6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Bowleg, Lisa, and Stewart Landers. “The need for COVID-19 LGBTQ-specific data.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">American Journal of Public Health\u003C/em> 111, no. 9 (2021): 1604–1605. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34436923/\" data-href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34436923/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34436923/\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"d77b\" id=\"d77b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">The adage “no data, no problem” has been magnified during the pandemic, highlighting gaps around data collection for LGBTQ communities, which often intersect with other communities who are disproportionately at-risk for COVID-19, such as minority populations in the service industry and those who smoke.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"63ec\" id=\"63ec\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Despite concerns about the stigma facing LBGTQ communities, data collection from these demographics has been relatively feasible, with federal governments drastically increasing their data collection from LGBTQ communities.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e15c\" id=\"e15c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">However, the lack of direction and guidance at a federal level to collect sexual and gender minority data has stunted information about how this demographic has experienced COVID-19 when compared to cis-gender, heterosexual groups. The authors stress the need for data collection from LGBTQ communities and advocacy to encourage these practices to help address the pandemic.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"b708\" id=\"b708\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Marshall, Zack, Vivian Welch, Alexa Minichiello, Michelle Swab, Fern Brunger, and Chris Kaposy. “Documenting research with transgender, nonbinary, and other gender diverse (trans) individuals and communities: introducing the global trans research evidence map.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Transgender Health\u003C/em> 4, no. 1 (2019): 68–80. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/trgh.2018.0020\" data-href=\"https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/trgh.2018.0020\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/trgh.2018.0020\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"2fe5\" id=\"2fe5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Marshall and colleagues study a series of 15 academic databases to assemble a dataset describing 690 trans-focused articles. They then map where and how transgender “have been studied and represented within and across multiple fields of research” to understand the landscape of existing research on transgender people. They find that research around the trans community focused on physical and mental healthcare services and marginalization and were primarily observational research.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b3bd\" id=\"b3bd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The authors found that social determinants of health for transgender people were the least studied, along with ethnicity, culture, and race, violence, early life experiences, activism, and education.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"eba6\" id=\"eba6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">With this evidence map, researchers have a strong starting point to further explore issues through a LGBTQ lens and better engage with trans people and perspectives when looking at social problems.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"78fc\" id=\"78fc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Medina, Caroline and Lindsay Mahowald. “Collecting Data about LGBTQI+ and Other Sexual and Gender-Diverse Communities.” Center for American Progress, May 26, 2022. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.americanprogress.org/article/collecting-data-about-lgbtqi-and-other-sexual-and-gender-diverse-communities/\" data-href=\"https://www.americanprogress.org/article/collecting-data-about-lgbtqi-and-other-sexual-and-gender-diverse-communities/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://www.americanprogress.org/article/collecting-data-about-lgbtqi-and-other-sexual-and-gender-diverse-communities\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"9c54\" id=\"9c54\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">The paper argues, that despite advances “a persistent lack of routine data collection on sexual orientation, gender identity, and variations in sex characteristics (SOGISC) is still a substantial roadblock for policymakers, researchers, service providers, and advocates seeking to improve the health and well-being of LGBTQI+ people.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b993\" id=\"b993\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Even though various types of data are integral to the experiences of LGBTQI+ people, the report narrows its focus to data collection in two forms of environments: general population surveys & surveys regarding LGBTQI+ people. Specific population surveys such as the latter provide significant advantage to capture specific and sensitive data.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3a56\" id=\"3a56\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">It argues that a range of precautions can be adopted from a research design perspective to ensure that personal data and information is handled with care and matches ethical standards as outlined in the \u003Ca href=\"https://resources.data.gov/assets/documents/fds-data-ethics-framework.pdf\" data-href=\"https://resources.data.gov/assets/documents/fds-data-ethics-framework.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Data Ethics Framework of the Federal Data Strategy\u003C/a> ranging from privacy and confidentiality to honesty and transparency.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"ef28\" id=\"ef28\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Miner, Michael H., Walter O. Bockting, Rebecca Swinburne Romine, and Sivakumaran Raman. “Conducting internet research with the transgender population: Reaching broad samples and collecting valid data.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Social science computer review\u003C/em> 30, no. 2 (2012): 202–211. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3769415/\" data-href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3769415/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3769415/\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"dbc9\" id=\"dbc9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">The internet has the potential to collect information from transgender people, who are “a hard-to-reach, relatively small, and geographically dispersed population” in a diverse and representative manner.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f52d\" id=\"f52d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">To study HIV risk behaviors of transgender individuals in the U.S., Miner et al. developed an online tool that recruited individuals who frequent websites that are important for the transgender community and used quantiative and qualitative methods to learn more about these individuals. They conclude that while online data collection can be difficult to ensure internal validity, careful testing and methods can overcome these issues to improve data quality on transgender people.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"2a79\" id=\"2a79\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Pega, Frank, Sari L. Reisner, Randall L. Sell, and Jaimie F. Veale. “Transgender health: New Zealand’s innovative statistical standard for gender identity.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">American journal of public health\u003C/em> 107, no. 2 (2017): 217–221. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5227923/\" data-href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5227923/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5227923/\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"2f04\" id=\"2f04\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Pega et al. discuss New Zealand’s national statistical standard for gender identity data collection, the first of its kind. More governments in Australia and the United States are now following suit to address the health access and information disparity that transgender people face.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"08e8\" id=\"08e8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Data about transgender people has advanced progressive policy action in New Zealand, and the authors celebrate this statistical standard as a way to collect high quality data for data-driven policies to support these groups.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"56a4\" id=\"56a4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">While this move will help uncover LGBTQ individuals currently hidden in data, the authors critique the standard because it does not “promote the two-question method, risking misclassification and undercounts; does promote the use of the ambiguous response category “gender diverse” in standard questions; and is not intersex inclusive.”\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"869f\" id=\"869f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Ruberg, Bonnie, and Spencer Ruelos. “Data for Queer Lives: How LGBTQ Gender and Sexuality Identities Challenge Norms of Demographics.” Big Data & Society 7, no. 1 (June 18, 2020): 205395172093328. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2053951720933286\" data-href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2053951720933286\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2053951720933286\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"3909\" id=\"3909\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Drawing from the responses of 178 people who identified as non-heterosexual or non-cisgender in a survey, this paper argues that “dominant notions of demographic data, […] that seeks to accurately categorize and “capture” identity do not sufficiently account for the complexities of LGBTQ lives.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"05bb\" id=\"05bb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Demographic data commonly imagines identity as fixed, singular, and discrete. However, the researchers’ findings suggest that, for LGBTQ people, gender and sexual identities are often multiple and in flux. Most respondents reported their understanding of their identity shifting over time. For many, “gender identity was made up of overlapping factors, including the relationship between gender and transgender identities. These findings challenge researchers to reconsider how identity is understood as and through data.” They argue that considering identities as fixed and discrete are not only exclusionary but also do not wholly represent the dynamic and fluid nature of gender identities.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d866\" id=\"d866\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The piece offers several recommendations to address this challenge. Firstly, the researchers argue to remove data discreteness, which will enable users to select multiple identities rather than choose one from a drop-down list. Secondly, create communication and feedback channels for LGBTQ+ to express whether surveys and other data collection methods are sufficiently inclusive and gender-sensitive.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"985d\" id=\"985d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sell, Randall L. “LGBTQ health surveillance: data = power.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">American Journal of Public Health\u003C/em> 107, no. 6 (2017): 843–844. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5425894/\" data-href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5425894/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5425894/\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"d48d\" id=\"d48d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Sell recounts his motto: ‘data = power;’ ‘silence = death’ and how LGBTQ people have been victims of this situation. He argues that health research and surveillance has systemically ignored sexual and gender minorities, leading to gaps in administrative understanding and policies for LGBTQ population.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"327c\" id=\"327c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">He laments that very few surveys on American health collect sexual and gender orientation data, and the lack of standardization around this data collection muddies researchers’ ability to collate and utilize the information meaningfully.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3cd9\" id=\"3cd9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">He calls for legislation that mandates the National Institutes of Health to include sexual and gender minorities in all publicly funded research similar to the specific inclusion requirement of women and racial and ethnic minorities in studies. Despite concerns about surveillance and targeting of LGBTQ minorities, Sell argues that data collection is imperative now for a long-scale understanding of the needs of the community, transcending political terms.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"10e9\" id=\"10e9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Snapp, Shannon D., Stephen T. Russell, Mariella Arredondo, and Russell Skiba. “A right to disclose: LGBTQ youth representation in data, science, and policy.” Advances in child development and behavior 50 (2016): 135–159. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26956072/\" data-href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26956072/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26956072/\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"9122\" id=\"9122\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Despite significant and positive reforms such as the legalization of same-sex marriages and protection from intersectional sexual harrasment \u003Ca href=\"http://www.ed.gov/news/media-advisories/us-department-education-host-lgbt-youth-summit-washington-dc\" data-href=\"http://www.ed.gov/news/media-advisories/us-department-education-host-lgbt-youth-summit-washington-dc\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">(Webb, 2011)\u003C/a> in the United States, there is a striking gap in literature on evidence-based practices that support LGBTQ+ Youth \u003Ca href=\"http://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/documents/dialogue-about-lgbt-youth-and-schools-combating-homophobic-transphobic-prejudice-violence_joseph-kosciw_oren-pizmony-levy_glsen_2013-en.pdf\" data-href=\"http://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/documents/dialogue-about-lgbt-youth-and-schools-combating-homophobic-transphobic-prejudice-violence_joseph-kosciw_oren-pizmony-levy_glsen_2013-en.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">(Kosciw & Pizmony-Levy, 2013)\u003C/a>. The lack of data-driven solutions stifle the creation of inclusive environments where members of the LGBTQI+ community feel heard and seen. There is a striking gap in literature on evidence-based practices that support LGBTQ+ Youth \u003Ca href=\"http://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/documents/dialogue-about-lgbt-youth-and-schools-combating-homophobic-transphobic-prejudice-violence_joseph-kosciw_oren-pizmony-levy_glsen_2013-en.pdf\" data-href=\"http://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/documents/dialogue-about-lgbt-youth-and-schools-combating-homophobic-transphobic-prejudice-violence_joseph-kosciw_oren-pizmony-levy_glsen_2013-en.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">(also see Kosciw & Pizmony-Levy, 2013\u003C/a>; \u003Ca href=\"https://www-sciencedirect-com.libproxy.ucl.ac.uk/science/article/pii/S006524071500052X#bb0225\" data-href=\"https://www-sciencedirect-com.libproxy.ucl.ac.uk/science/article/pii/S006524071500052X#bb0225\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Mustanski, 2011\u003C/a>).\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4458\" id=\"4458\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">At present federal and local state data-states do not include SOGI (Sexual Oreintation & Gender Identity) in demographic questions. Data sets that do have spaces to disclose SOGI are largely in a health-related setting such as the Centre for Disease Control or Youth Risk Behavior. As such learning and education disparities and outcomes are not accurately measured.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4e34\" id=\"4e34\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Missing systematic SOGI data renders members of the LGBTQ+ community invisible and sidelined. As such several members of civil society have therefore demanded for the need to gather SOGI data in the Department of Health, Education & Justice. Such data is therefore central to holistically encapsulate the discriminatory experiencees LGBTQ+ Youth face in an education setting, integral to well-being and development. Scholars and research teams have thusfar overcome the barriers of data reliability and validity (see \u003Ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13178-011-0074-x\" data-href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13178-011-0074-x\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ridolfo, Miller, & Maitland, 2012)\u003C/a> by collating the most effective methods for data collection \u003Ca href=\"https://www-sciencedirect-com.libproxy.ucl.ac.uk/science/article/pii/S006524071500052X#bb0305\" data-href=\"https://www-sciencedirect-com.libproxy.ucl.ac.uk/science/article/pii/S006524071500052X#bb0305\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">(Sexual Minority Assessment Research Team, 2009)\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"0f2a\" id=\"0f2a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Wimberly, George L. “Chapter 10: Use of large-scale data sets and LGBTQ education.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">LGBTQ issues in education: Advancing a research agenda\u003C/em> (2015): 175–218. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://ebooks.aera.net/LGBTQCH10\" data-href=\"https://ebooks.aera.net/LGBTQCH10\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://ebooks.aera.net/LGBTQCH10\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"949d\" id=\"949d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">This book chapter highlighs the importance of large-scale data sets to gain understanding about LGBTQ students, school experiences, and academic achievement.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3e33\" id=\"3e33\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Young people who identify as LGBTQ tend to be generalized and ways that LGBTQ identification questions are asked by surveys change across years, making it important to disaggregate large-scale data for more granular knowledge about LGBTQ people in education.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"51a8\" id=\"51a8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li graf--trailing\">Wimberly provides information about multiple datasets that collect this information, how they ask questions on LGBTQ identity, and ways in which the datasets have been used or have the potential to be leveraged for a more comprehensive understanding of students. He also points out the limitations of existing data sets, namely that they tend to be retrospective of the LGBTQ adolescent experience and collected from convenience samples, such as college students. This limitation also impacts the external validity of the data, especially with regard to rural, racialized, and lower-income LGBTQ students.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/selected-readings-on-the-lgtbq-community-and-data",{"title":1408,"description":1411},"selected-readings-on-the-lgtbq-community-and-data","blogposts/selected-readings-on-the-lgtbq-community-and-data","zxMCNRMK_HyFRlPfHh-RYYC_97d90gPgf_TdSRTysOA",{"id":1421,"title":1422,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1423,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1424,"description":1425,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1422,"image":1426,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1427,"meta":1428,"navigation":15,"path":1429,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1430,"slug":1431,"startTime":34,"stem":1432,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1433},"blogposts/blogposts/summer-reading-list-from-the-govlabs-data-research-program.json","Summer Reading List from The GovLabs Data Research Program",[],"2022-07-12T14:31:10","Looking for a data-driven and data research program recommended beach read? In this special edition, The GovLab releases its summer…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*e9XVKQZycdi0DM-F","\n\u003Csection name=\"d3b1\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"f3a0\" id=\"f3a0\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Summer Reading List from The GovLab’s Data Research Program\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"2101\" id=\"2101\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*e9XVKQZycdi0DM-F\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"667\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*e9XVKQZycdi0DM-F\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Image by \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/OQSCtabGkSY\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/OQSCtabGkSY\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Jessica Ruscello/Unsplash\u003C/a> is licensed under CC0.\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"d658\" id=\"d658\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Looking for a data-driven and data research program recommended beach read?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"edac\" id=\"edac\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In this special edition, The GovLab releases its summer reading list of engaging and pertinent literature around data. These readings — which cover artificial intelligence, collective intelligence, data and digital ecosystems, and risks and challenges — are selected from our curation of books and articles around data and AI, governance, and innovation in the \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Living Library\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"3087\" id=\"3087\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Artificial Intelligence\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"a1d2\" id=\"a1d2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Buchanan, Ben, and Andrew Imbrie. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The New Fire: War, Peace, and Democracy in the Age of AI\u003C/em>. MIT Press, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"3235\" id=\"3235\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*j2S8-eFJ9mHzPxNwjikTGg.png\" data-width=\"184\" data-height=\"273\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*j2S8-eFJ9mHzPxNwjikTGg.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"25e1\" id=\"25e1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Policy practitioners Buchanan and Imbrie compare the invention of AI to the discovery of fire: When harnessed responsibly, it is a force for good but wielded carelessly, it will wreak havoc. They break down the “new fire” of AI into three sections: data, algorithms, and computing power and examine how each “spark” can be used to achieve utopian and dystopian ends by governments.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0ec1\" id=\"0ec1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Read more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/the-new-fire-war-peace-and-democracy-in-the-age-of-ai/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/the-new-fire-war-peace-and-democracy-in-the-age-of-ai/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"de23\" id=\"de23\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Findlay, Mark, and Jolyon Ford, Josephine Seah, and Dilan Thampapillai. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Regulatory Insights on Artificial Intelligence\u003C/em>. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"3b03\" id=\"3b03\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*UOH4x3Q4clP5yvb_\" data-width=\"200\" data-height=\"308\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*UOH4x3Q4clP5yvb_\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"5b1a\" id=\"5b1a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In this book, the authors explore the relationship between existing laws and regulations and AI governance to understand how policy can be used to check AI and harness its power for good. They examine key issues around data collection and privacy, data (re)use, IP rights, and surveillance to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of AI to call for more innovative, socially-oriented regulation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3393\" id=\"3393\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/regulatory-insights-on-artificial-intelligence/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/regulatory-insights-on-artificial-intelligence/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3e81\" id=\"3e81\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Lapenta, Francesco. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Our Common AI Future — A Geopolitical Analysis and Road Map, for AI Driven Sustainable Development, Science and Data Diplomacy.\u003C/em> DataEthics, 2021.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"6e56\" id=\"6e56\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*-9GfuMlnRDIF4Vky\" data-width=\"189\" data-height=\"267\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*-9GfuMlnRDIF4Vky\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"9a8e\" id=\"9a8e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">​Professor Lapenta looks at the past, present, and future of AI innovation and its relationship with the Sustainable Development Goals. He contextualizes global action on AI regulation and uses existing data principles, data sharing structures, and data stewardship practices. He calls on global governance practices that codify “red lines” for AI to prohibit its use in ways that pose an “ethical or existential threat to humanity and the planet.” He also advocates for “green zones” for multilateral cooperation and scientific cooperation to advance AI research.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0a20\" id=\"0a20\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/our-common-ai-future-a-geopolitical-analysis-and-road-map-for-ai-driven-sustainable-development-science-and-data-diplomacy/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/our-common-ai-future-a-geopolitical-analysis-and-road-map-for-ai-driven-sustainable-development-science-and-data-diplomacy/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5210\" id=\"5210\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Mantelero, Alessandro, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Beyond Data: Human Rights, Ethical and Social Impact Assessment in AI.\u003C/em> T.M.C. Asser Press The Hague. 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"b1e5\" id=\"b1e5\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*jeqChM3qNzRePP2U99lN0Q.png\" data-width=\"255\" data-height=\"384\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*jeqChM3qNzRePP2U99lN0Q.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"4857\" id=\"4857\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In this book, Alessandro Mantelero, Associate Professor of Private Law and Law & Technology at the Polytechnic University of Turin, examines the impact of artificial intelligence on individuals and society from a legal perspective. He then provides “ a comprehensive risk-based methodological framework to address it” that highlights the limits of data protection and offers solutions based in human rights and societal value. The piece draws extensively on current and future European policy and regulation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b429\" id=\"b429\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/beyond-data-human-rights-ethical-and-social-impact-assessment-in-ai-2/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/beyond-data-human-rights-ethical-and-social-impact-assessment-in-ai-2/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"502a\" id=\"502a\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Crowdsourcing and Collective Intelligence\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"4065\" id=\"4065\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Baltzersen, Rolf K. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Cultural-Historical Perspectives on Collective Intelligence: Patterns in Problem Solving and Innovation\u003C/em>. Cambridge University Press, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"de00\" id=\"de00\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*CWmxgvi59r6CTU_w\" data-width=\"180\" data-height=\"264\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*CWmxgvi59r6CTU_w\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"2a9e\" id=\"2a9e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Humankind has been working together to solve problems since the dawn of time. Professor Baltzersen looks at how this collective problem solving has transformed in the digital era, examining the ways in which we collaborate, the media we use, and the strategies deployed in an online environment. He also looks at how collective intelligence initiatives will change with the rise of AI and machine learning increasingly supporting human decision-making.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ddcc\" id=\"ddcc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Find more about the free PDF \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/cultural-historical-perspectives-on-collective-intelligence/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/cultural-historical-perspectives-on-collective-intelligence/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"55dc\" id=\"55dc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Randma-Liiv, Tiina, and Veiko Lember. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Engaging Citizens in Policy Making: e-Participation Practices in Europe\u003C/em>. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"8198\" id=\"8198\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*g5sihghrpLl_7ZEU\" data-width=\"400\" data-height=\"400\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*g5sihghrpLl_7ZEU\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"b736\" id=\"b736\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Researchers Randma-Liiv and Lember gather different techniques and examples of e-participation in policymaking and governance from across Europe at national and local levels. From this case-based analysis, they uncover successful tactics and enabling factors for greater citizen and government involvement through digital tools.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e226\" id=\"e226\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the open access book \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/engaging-citizens-in-policy-making/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/engaging-citizens-in-policy-making/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d6a1\" id=\"d6a1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Verma, Neeta, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Citizen Empowerment through Digital Transformation in Government. \u003C/em>Taylor & Francis Group. 2021.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"d9c8\" id=\"d9c8\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*_Dh8kdqeJLwyZSD1\" data-width=\"180\" data-height=\"290\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*_Dh8kdqeJLwyZSD1\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"7d0d\" id=\"7d0d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In this book edited by Neeta Verma, a variety of authors describe the ways that technologies and platforms are facilitating greater citizen engagement with government. Relying on real-world examples from India, where information and communications technology has played a major role, it describes how institutions can deliver citizen-centric services and empower individuals working across sectors.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7907\" id=\"7907\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/citizen-empowerment-through-digital-transformation-in-government/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/citizen-empowerment-through-digital-transformation-in-government/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"248a\" id=\"248a\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Digital and Data Ecosystems\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"03f1\" id=\"03f1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Anwar, Mohammad Amir, and Mark Graham. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Digital Continent: Placing Africa in Planetary Networks of Work\u003C/em>. Oxford University Press, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"77e2\" id=\"77e2\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*ekowat8pfuq8jf_7\" data-width=\"165\" data-height=\"249\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*ekowat8pfuq8jf_7\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"d2d4\" id=\"d2d4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The past decade has seen an explosion in digital connections between individuals, especially within African states. In a world where location is not a major limiting factor for socio-economic opportunity due to global online connectivity, digital work creates new prospects for African workers. The authors present the findings of their five-year longitudinal study of workers in South Africa, Kenya Nigeria, Ghana, and Uganda to understand how the future of work — through online platforms, remote setups, and call and contact centers — will impact African workers.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f075\" id=\"f075\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Find more about the open-access book \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/the-digital-continent-placing-africa-in-planetary-networks-of-work/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/the-digital-continent-placing-africa-in-planetary-networks-of-work/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"05a5\" id=\"05a5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Bronson, Kelly, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Immaculate Conception of Data: Agribusiness, Activists, and Their Shared Politics of the Future. \u003C/em>McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"cf17\" id=\"cf17\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*OTInDxZxo43ciIQ3MX8f4A.png\" data-width=\"234\" data-height=\"359\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*OTInDxZxo43ciIQ3MX8f4A.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"9506\" id=\"9506\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--figure\">“The Immaculate Conception of Data” reviews the legal agreements around agricultural big data. It explores both the concentration of data within large corporations. It also examines “the work of corporate scientists, farmers using the data, and activist ‘hackers’ building open-source data platforms.” She argues that these groups share a way of speaking about data and its value for the future.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"eb1f\" id=\"eb1f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Read more \u003Ca href=\"https://www.mqup.ca/immaculate-conception-of-data--the-products-9780228011224.php?page_id=46&\" data-href=\"https://www.mqup.ca/immaculate-conception-of-data--the-products-9780228011224.php?page_id=46&\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7993\" id=\"7993\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Beaulieu, Anne, Sabina Leonelli. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data and Society: A Critical Introduction\u003C/em>. SAGE Publishing, 2021.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"e1be\" id=\"e1be\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*wEyywcaWwElGb2Dh\" data-width=\"150\" data-height=\"213\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*wEyywcaWwElGb2Dh\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"d509\" id=\"d509\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Professors Beaulieu and Leonelli argue that data is a valuable “technological, social, economic and scientific resource” that stands at the crux of human life and society. They discuss the role and importance of data, applying a multidisciplinary lens that reveals its value in everything from health and genetics to sports. They close with a framework on using data as a storytelling and decision-making tool in a responsible manner.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"68c3\" id=\"68c3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/data-and-society-a-critical-introduction/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/data-and-society-a-critical-introduction/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f2cd\" id=\"f2cd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Gwilt, Ian. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Making Data: Materializing Digital Information.\u003C/em> Bloomsbury, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"ffc2\" id=\"ffc2\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*3yDFjQV-pSDcHigEINiXDQ.png\" data-width=\"239\" data-height=\"359\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*3yDFjQV-pSDcHigEINiXDQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"408e\" id=\"408e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In this edited anthology, contributors discuss new ways of presenting data through artifacts, environments, and digital objects for better visualization and understanding of information. Applying these practices to ecology, smart cities, and augmented reality, they show how data can be shaped and presented for widespread and creative understanding of information that goes beyond statistics and spreadsheets.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"21f6\" id=\"21f6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/making-data-materializing-digital-information/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/making-data-materializing-digital-information/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d3f6\" id=\"d3f6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Lapucci, Massimo, and Ciro Cattuto. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data Science for Social Good: Philanthropy and Social Impact in a Complex World.\u003C/em> Springer Cham, 2021.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"7a82\" id=\"7a82\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*XgsHTR3t2KvyFcRPEs6PWA.png\" data-width=\"237\" data-height=\"359\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*XgsHTR3t2KvyFcRPEs6PWA.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"82f8\" id=\"82f8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The digital transformation has reframed data and data science as tools for enhancing social good. In this edited volume, contributors look at the value of data collection, data collaboratives, and data sharing for public good, international development, and grantmaking.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b87c\" id=\"b87c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Access the piece \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/data-science-for-social-good-philanthropy-and-social-impact-in-a-complex-world/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/data-science-for-social-good-philanthropy-and-social-impact-in-a-complex-world/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"00d3\" id=\"00d3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sauda, Eric, Ginette Wessel, and Alireza Karduni. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Social Media and the Contemporary City\u003C/em>. Routledge, 2021.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"66b8\" id=\"66b8\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*S9OwbgVKNB3bhrvq\" data-width=\"180\" data-height=\"270\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*S9OwbgVKNB3bhrvq\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"af79\" id=\"af79\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The authors look at how the deluge of mobile data has impacted urban space planning and activity. Divided into four parts, the book looks at examples of how social media and mobile phone data have been used in protest culture, local economic activity, art and culture, and violence and extremism. Their research shows how new networks and media have influenced the way communities organize and communicate among themselves through smartphone innovation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"93aa\" id=\"93aa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/social-media-and-the-contemporary-city/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/social-media-and-the-contemporary-city/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"b63c\" id=\"b63c\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Risks and Challenges\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"a5e0\" id=\"a5e0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Brevini, Benedetta. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Is AI Good for the Planet?\u003C/em> Polity, 2021.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"a403\" id=\"a403\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*fWbtIuGPr-mhgzgc\" data-width=\"181\" data-height=\"278\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*fWbtIuGPr-mhgzgc\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"45bd\" id=\"45bd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Brevini exposes the environmental costs of AI, specifically by investigating how the technology “depletes scarce resources” and “deman[ds] excessive energy use.” Her book looks at AI’s impacts from an environmental perspective — nuancing traditional, innovation-focused views of the technology’s benefits to society. She makes the case for centering green approaches in the use and development of AI to address climate change amid a technological revolution.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d5a9\" id=\"d5a9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/is-ai-good-for-the-planet/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/is-ai-good-for-the-planet/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"eaf8\" id=\"eaf8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Hare, Stephanie. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Technology is Not Neutral: A Short Guide to Technology Ethics.\u003C/em> London Publishing Press, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"944a\" id=\"944a\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*XyM73Nf-FKmIvEO9\" data-width=\"176\" data-height=\"286\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*XyM73Nf-FKmIvEO9\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"4f32\" id=\"4f32\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Hare argues that technology is not neutral, which is why a technology tool can be applied for good and for evil. She explores avenues to use technology in a harm-minimizing way to reframe technology ethics conversations in a context-specific and actionable manner.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"eae2\" id=\"eae2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Learn more about the book \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/technology-is-not-neutral-a-short-guide-to-technology-ethics/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/technology-is-not-neutral-a-short-guide-to-technology-ethics/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ba89\" id=\"ba89\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Stephens-Davidowitz, Seth. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Don’t Trust Your Gut\u003C/em>. HarperCollins, 2022.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"87b5\" id=\"87b5\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*2WzXh3nMENZpVElQxh_YYA.png\" data-width=\"203\" data-height=\"308\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*2WzXh3nMENZpVElQxh_YYA.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"3e33\" id=\"3e33\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Traditionally, people undertake self improvement with advice from their closest friends and family and their intuition. Data scientist Stephens-Davidowitz takes a different approach to life’s biggest decisions: he advocates for data-driven decision-making. From dating to career planning, he looks at the data collected over the past multiple decades to discern smarter ways of making choices and improving our lives.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bc41\" id=\"bc41\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Buy the book \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/dont-trust-your-gut%ef%bf%bc/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/dont-trust-your-gut%ef%bf%bc/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/summer-reading-list-from-the-govlabs-data-research-program",{"title":1422,"description":1425},"summer-reading-list-from-the-govlabs-data-research-program","blogposts/summer-reading-list-from-the-govlabs-data-research-program","PpH7QReCYYgprZgrfPGrZzHNRnUjxQDa45ChZh5DAro",{"id":1435,"title":1436,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1437,"body":34,"category":44,"date":1438,"description":1439,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1436,"image":1440,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1441,"meta":1442,"navigation":15,"path":1443,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1444,"slug":1445,"startTime":34,"stem":1446,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1447},"blogposts/blogposts/future-proofing-the-public-sector-through-digital-and-innovation-skills-training.json","Future-proofing the public sector through digital and innovation skills training",[],"2022-06-15T16:20:50","The Academy is designed to prepare federal employees to adapt to an increasingly digital environment. The Academy is a commitment under the 2021 national Digital Plan, which calls for promoting digital skills in the public sector. ","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*jmEo17Pw-4mm-AR-.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"41be\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"1019\" id=\"1019\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Future-proofing the public sector through digital and innovation skills training\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"96f7\" id=\"96f7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Upskilling the government workforce: a case study from Germany’s Digital Academy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6dfd\" id=\"6dfd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This article by Beth Simone Noveck and \u003C/em>Jason Williams-Bellamy \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">was originally published via \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://apolitical.co/solution-articles/en/future-proofing-the-public-sector-through-digital-and-innovation-skills-training\" data-href=\"https://apolitical.co/solution-articles/en/future-proofing-the-public-sector-through-digital-and-innovation-skills-training\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Apolitical\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"60ed\" id=\"60ed\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">The problem:\u003C/strong> Technological developments and ways of working — such as artificial intelligence, big data, remote collaboration and agile methodologies — are changing the world as we know it and public servants are at risk of falling behind.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"51ab\" id=\"51ab\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Why it matters:\u003C/strong> Innovation and digital skills are fast becoming essential in a technology-driven world.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6482\" id=\"6482\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">The solution:\u003C/strong> Government-wide skills training to prepare the workforce for a technology-driven 21st century.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"c608\" id=\"c608\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This installment in our \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://apolitical.co/solution-articles/en/public-entrepreneurship-how-to-train-21st-century-leaders\" data-href=\"https://apolitical.co/solution-articles/en/public-entrepreneurship-how-to-train-21st-century-leaders\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">series on training 21st century leaders\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> highlights how Germany’s new Digital Academy (Digitalakademie) endeavors to incorporate many of the best practices associated with innovation skills training and may fast become a global leader in giving civil servants the skills they need for a technology-driven and uncertain 21st-century environment.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"38b2\" id=\"38b2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In late May 2021, the German \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bakoev.bund.de/EN/00_Home/home_node.html\" data-href=\"https://www.bakoev.bund.de/EN/00_Home/home_node.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Federal Academy for Public Administration\u003C/a> (BAköV) launched its new \u003Ca href=\"https://www.digitalakademie.bund.de/DE/Home/home_node.html\" data-href=\"https://www.digitalakademie.bund.de/DE/Home/home_node.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Digital Academy\u003C/a>, a free platform that offers online and offline courses for German federal employees to promote digital skills, support cultural change, and create networking.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4c30\" id=\"4c30\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Academy is designed to prepare federal employees to adapt to an increasingly digital environment. The Academy is a commitment under the 2021 national \u003Ca href=\"https://www.onlinezugangsgesetz.de/SharedDocs/downloads/Webs/OZG/EN/9-point-plan.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=1\" data-href=\"https://www.onlinezugangsgesetz.de/SharedDocs/downloads/Webs/OZG/EN/9-point-plan.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=1\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Digital Plan\u003C/a>, which calls for promoting digital skills in the public sector. Learning offerings are, according to Sebastian Gradinger, director of the Digital Academy, designed to upskill the public sector for future challenges by teaching \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">both\u003C/em> technical competencies like artificial intelligence and big data, and new ways of working enabled by new technology, such as agile project management, digital leadership, remote collaboration and teamwork and tech-enabled service delivery and policymaking.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"8bc1\" id=\"8bc1\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">A hybrid approach\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"0842\" id=\"0842\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">The Academy follows the best practice of \u003Ca href=\"https://apolitical.co/solution-articles/en/people-learn-in-different-ways-the-way-we-teach-should-reflect-that\" data-href=\"https://apolitical.co/solution-articles/en/people-learn-in-different-ways-the-way-we-teach-should-reflect-that\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">hybrid learning\u003C/a> by including both a physical Berlin campus in the lively Kreuzberg neighbourhood and an online platform that offers courses, webinars, lectures, training and coaching. These mixed methods are intended to maximise accessibility and scalability for learning to enable a whole-of-government approach. While “Digital Journey” are week-long learning opportunities for the most senior leadership, other offerings are designed to be highly scalable and reach the entire public sector through the use of new technologies. The Academy promotes varied continuing education opportunities, including courses and coaching offline and online through video-based education, self-directed learning and self-assessments that are highly scalable and available for free across both the federal and state public sectors.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8b55\" id=\"8b55\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Online courses known as \u003Ca href=\"https://www.digitalakademie.bund.de/DE/Lernreisen/lernreise_node.html\" data-href=\"https://www.digitalakademie.bund.de/DE/Lernreisen/lernreise_node.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Learning Trips\u003C/a> provide free access to introductions to digital skills and new technologies, including technology and AI ethics as well as sustainability and innovation in leadership, among other topics. Digital and technology experts support learning designed to advance digitisation activities.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"57f6\" id=\"57f6\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Enabling a culture change\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"227c\" id=\"227c\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*jmEo17Pw-4mm-AR-.jpeg\" data-width=\"512\" data-height=\"384\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*jmEo17Pw-4mm-AR-.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"5a88\" id=\"5a88\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Rather than simply focusing on digital competences and technical skills, the Academy’s offerings are also designed to enable a culture change in the public sector necessary to advance digitisation. By teaching courses in ‘\u003Ca href=\"https://www.digitalakademie.bund.de/SharedDocs/02_Lernreisen/Lernreise_05_New_Work.html\" data-href=\"https://www.digitalakademie.bund.de/SharedDocs/02_Lernreisen/Lernreise_05_New_Work.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">New Work\u003C/a>’ — the ways in which digitisation will transform the workplace of tomorrow and teaching employees how to adapt at both an individual and institutional level to the inevitable changes coming to the workplace — the Academy is connecting skills to better ways of designing policies and services through changes in workplace practice.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"817a\" id=\"817a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In addition, NExtcamp is an opportunity to convene professionals in peer-to-peer learning environments to share experiences and opportunities and learn from each other how to work faster, more flexibly and in more human-centred ways in the digital environment. The Digital Academy seeks to foster cultural change through coaching and programs focused on digital cooperation, leadership skills, work-from-home strategies, and agile project management.\u003C/p>\u003Cblockquote name=\"4322\" id=\"4322\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--blockquote-em\">“the German Digital Academy represents one of the most forward-thinking and exciting experiments in public sector upskilling”\u003C/em>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Ch3 name=\"72f4\" id=\"72f4\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--blockquote\">Flexible learning\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"453e\" id=\"453e\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*c3gR7InyUIdzjhVK.jpeg\" data-width=\"512\" data-height=\"384\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*c3gR7InyUIdzjhVK.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"f25e\" id=\"f25e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">While many of these plans are still in the offing and are being developed in the coming year, the Digital Academy embodies two key aspects of a \u003Ca href=\"https://apolitical.co/solution-articles/en/people-learn-in-different-ways-the-way-we-teach-should-reflect-that\" data-href=\"https://apolitical.co/solution-articles/en/people-learn-in-different-ways-the-way-we-teach-should-reflect-that\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">good public sector innovation skills training program\u003C/a>. First, its offerings are designed to meet people where they are, how they learn, and when they want to learn by providing flexible modalities of learning. Second, it offers a forward-thinking curriculum like ‘New Work’ supported by peer-to-peer learning and coaching rather than only disconnected lectures, in order to help public servants apply skills to their own work.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a639\" id=\"a639\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">It remains to be seen how the Digital Academy will mature and develop and whether the initiative will succeed, first, in creating the incentives for public servants to upskill. Second, it is not yet known if and how the Academy will successfully combine digital, data-driven and human-centred approaches, although offerings like ‘New Work’ suggest the Academy does take a comprehensive approach that emphasises systems thinking. Finally, the Academy’s offerings are still new and evolving. Thus, there is no evidence yet of its impact and the outcomes of its programs in terms of changes in how the government delivers policies and services and the resulting downstream impact on real people’s lives. But, as it stands, the German Digital Academy represents one of the most forward-thinking and exciting experiments in public sector upskilling.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7967\" id=\"7967\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Special thanks to Dr. Sebastian Gradinger at Digitalakemie for his assistance with this piece.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/future-proofing-the-public-sector-through-digital-and-innovation-skills-training",{"title":1436,"description":1439},"future-proofing-the-public-sector-through-digital-and-innovation-skills-training","blogposts/future-proofing-the-public-sector-through-digital-and-innovation-skills-training","QZCaUFMASzrO83XJLp7ahcgprGEV0O_xZegGKfbacqg",{"id":1449,"title":1450,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1451,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1452,"description":1453,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1450,"image":1454,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1455,"meta":1456,"navigation":15,"path":1457,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1458,"slug":1459,"startTime":34,"stem":1460,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1461},"blogposts/blogposts/open-data-policy-lab-releases-open-data-policy-summit-promotional-video.json","Open Data Policy Lab Releases Open Data Policy Summit Promotional Video",[],"2022-06-10T01:46:18","To highlight major takeaways from the Summit, we are happy today to release a brief promotional video capturing important remarks from…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*_hbaVuHOLHl_l6c0","\n\u003Csection name=\"ac67\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"4128\" id=\"4128\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Open Data Policy Lab Releases Open Data Policy Summit Key Highlights Video\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"41c2\" id=\"41c2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This blog was originally posted by the Open Data Policy Lab. View the posting \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/events-open-data-policy-lab-releases-state-of-open-data-policy-summit-promotional-video/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/events-open-data-policy-lab-releases-state-of-open-data-policy-summit-promotional-video/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"920d\" id=\"920d\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*_hbaVuHOLHl_l6c0\" data-width=\"1171\" data-height=\"663\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*_hbaVuHOLHl_l6c0\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"6c68\" id=\"6c68\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">On Tuesday, May 17, 2022, The Open Data Policy Lab hosted its inaugural “\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/events-turning-to-purpose-driven-collaborative-open-data-sharing-and-standards-in-the-public-and-private-sectors-takeaways-from-the-state-of-open-data-policy-summit/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/events-turning-to-purpose-driven-collaborative-open-data-sharing-and-standards-in-the-public-and-private-sectors-takeaways-from-the-state-of-open-data-policy-summit/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">State of Open Data Policy Summit\u003C/a>.” Over the course of three hours, leaders from around the world came together to discuss the past, present, and future of open data policy. High-ranking officials in industry, government, and civil society participated in keynotes and panel discussions on the policies needed to support impactful (re)use of data for the public good.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a8ca\" id=\"a8ca\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Last month, we published the Summit in its entirety on \u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GY-O8lfmlhg&feature=youtu.be&ab_channel=TheGovLab\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GY-O8lfmlhg&feature=youtu.be&ab_channel=TheGovLab\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">YouTube\u003C/a>. To highlight major takeaways from the speakers, we are happy today to release a brief promotional video capturing important remarks from each participant.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"f985\" id=\"f985\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p\">\u003Ciframe src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/ZES4XcSVIIo?feature=oembed\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"9833\" id=\"9833\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The video begins with an excerpt from The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst, who discusses the open questions about open data policy, the impact it has on private sector repositories, the role of government, and more. From there, it captures points made by Catherine Stihler (Creative Commons), Charlie Martial Ngounou (AfroLeadership), and Jiri Pilar on the policies needed to foster open data in the public sector at the global, national, regional, and local level.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3ddd\" id=\"3ddd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">After highlighting aspects of Microsoft Vice President and Chief Data Officer Juan Lavista M. Ferres’s keynote on the opportunities data provides, including his take that data is not the new oil, but rather, the new code.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"194e\" id=\"194e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Finally, it provides excerpts of points made by Ioana Stoenescu (Roche), Fiona Greig (JP Morgan Chase Institute), Caroline Louveaux (Mastercard), and Brennan Lake (Spectus) on how the private sector can embrace data openness in the areas that they work.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"606f\" id=\"606f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We encourage anyone interested in open data or open data policy to \u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RzRw0HrbFf8\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RzRw0HrbFf8\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">watch the video\u003C/a> to listen to these points firsthand. We will be using these inputs in the coming weeks and months to inform our work on the Third Wave of Open Data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b382\" id=\"b382\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">***\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8215\" id=\"8215\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Interested in exploring further? Watch the entire summit \u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GY-O8lfmlhg&feature=youtu.be&ab_channel=TheGovLab\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GY-O8lfmlhg&feature=youtu.be&ab_channel=TheGovLab\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>, read our blog synthesizing key takeaways \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/events-turning-to-purpose-driven-collaborative-open-data-sharing-and-standards-in-the-public-and-private-sectors-takeaways-from-the-state-of-open-data-policy-summit/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/events-turning-to-purpose-driven-collaborative-open-data-sharing-and-standards-in-the-public-and-private-sectors-takeaways-from-the-state-of-open-data-policy-summit/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>, and peruse the State of Open Data Policy: Repository of Recent Developments \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1J_YJb_mPwFLXVSuJBNK0pudIGKT9ARk0Gbw4ojW6qQo/edit?usp=sharing\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1J_YJb_mPwFLXVSuJBNK0pudIGKT9ARk0Gbw4ojW6qQo/edit?usp=sharing\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e510\" id=\"e510\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Learn more about the Open Data Policy Lab, an initiative of The GovLab and Microsoft, \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/open-data-policy-lab-releases-open-data-policy-summit-promotional-video",{"title":1450,"description":1453},"open-data-policy-lab-releases-open-data-policy-summit-promotional-video","blogposts/open-data-policy-lab-releases-open-data-policy-summit-promotional-video","sTsjN1z1UEfr-dboTuCyDMAVjQBdtnVnl8l9IDKVeyM",{"id":1463,"title":1464,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1465,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1466,"description":1467,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1464,"image":1468,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1469,"meta":1470,"navigation":15,"path":1471,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1472,"slug":1473,"startTime":34,"stem":1474,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1475},"blogposts/blogposts/launch-state-of-open-data-policy-repository.json","Launch: State of Open Data Policy Repository",[],"2022-05-16T21:44:29","To accompany its State of Open Data Policy Summit, the Open Data Policy Lab is happy to announce today the release of a new resource to…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*1g9M2pjWx0eU5LnpimJJwg.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"75e1\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"dd58\" id=\"dd58\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Launch: State of Open Data Policy Repository\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"d082\" id=\"d082\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*1g9M2pjWx0eU5LnpimJJwg.png\" data-width=\"870\" data-height=\"580\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*1g9M2pjWx0eU5LnpimJJwg.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"b361\" id=\"b361\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">To accompany its \u003Ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/the-state-of-open-data-policy-summit-tickets-322702099667\" data-href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/the-state-of-open-data-policy-summit-tickets-322702099667\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">State of Open Data Policy Summit\u003C/a>, the Open Data Policy Lab is happy to announce today the release of a new resource to assess recent policy developments surrounding open data, data reuse, and data collaboration around the world: \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1J_YJb_mPwFLXVSuJBNK0pudIGKT9ARk0Gbw4ojW6qQo/edit?usp=sharing\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1J_YJb_mPwFLXVSuJBNK0pudIGKT9ARk0Gbw4ojW6qQo/edit?usp=sharing\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">State of Open Data Repository of Recent Developments\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2a21\" id=\"2a21\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This document examines recent legislation, directives, and proposals that affect open data and data collaboration. Its goal is to capture signals of concerns, direction and leadership as to determine what stakeholders may focus on in the future. The review currently surfaced approximately 50 examples of recent legislative acts, proposals, directives, and other policy documents, from which the Open Data Policy Lab draws findings about the need to promote more innovative policy frameworks.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c851\" id=\"c851\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This collection demonstrates that, while there is growing interest in open data and data collaboration, policy development still remains nascent and focused on open data repositories at the expense of other collaborative arrangements. As we indicated in our report on the \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Third Wave of Open Data\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, there is an urgent need for governance frameworks at the local, regional, and national level to facilitate responsible reuse.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"465d\" id=\"465d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The repository will be updated on a regular basis as new developments are spotted or shared with us. Please help us keep the repository up-to-date by sharing any suggestions or comments to \u003Ca href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\" data-href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">datastewards@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8d1d\" id=\"8d1d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This piece was originally published by Marine Ragnet on the Open Data Policy Lab, center to support decision-makers at the local, state and national levels as they accelerate the responsible re-use and opening of data for the benefit of society and the equitable spread of economic opportunity. Learn more \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/new-resource-launch-state-of-open-data-policy-repository/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/new-resource-launch-state-of-open-data-policy-repository/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/launch-state-of-open-data-policy-repository",{"title":1464,"description":1467},"launch-state-of-open-data-policy-repository","blogposts/launch-state-of-open-data-policy-repository","CmXhuQQbMzfv39tcvljqmNgyWO9z490DixTDonfLzUY",{"id":1477,"title":1478,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1479,"body":34,"category":338,"date":1480,"description":1481,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1478,"image":1482,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1483,"meta":1484,"navigation":15,"path":1485,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1486,"slug":1487,"startTime":34,"stem":1488,"tags":1489,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1492},"blogposts/blogposts/tutorials-on-responsible-data-for-children-rd4c.json","Tutorials on Responsible Data for Children (RD4C)",[],"2022-05-09T19:29:00","In April, the RD4C — a collaboration by UNICEF and The GovLab — hosted a series of tutorials to support UNICEF staff in operationalizing RD4C principles and implementing RD4C tools in ways that built on lessons learned from UNICEF and partners.","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/ea5a55e1-42f8-47f4-9e71-b30492a3a314","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"5d9c\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Tutorials on Responsible Data for Children (RD4C)\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"fb4f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">By Marine Ragnet\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0bde\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In April, the RD4C — a collaboration by UNICEF and The GovLab — hosted a series of tutorials to support UNICEF staff in operationalizing RD4C principles and implementing RD4C tools in ways that built on lessons learned from UNICEF and partners.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"61be\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Led by UNICEF’s Eugenia Olliaro and The Govlab’s Andrew Young, Andrew J. Zahuranec and Marine Ragnet, the two-hour talk brought together UNICEF staff from different parts of the world to learn how they could realize the principles in the areas they work. It then sought to understand possible challenges, gaps, risks, and lingering questions on responsible data for children that UNICEF staff might have encountered in their countries and regions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"f29a\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p\">\u003Ciframe src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/UM_xwxaIOVE?feature=oembed\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"36bb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The event began with an introduction by \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/mark-hereward-852376207/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/mark-hereward-852376207/\">Mark Hereward\u003C/a>, Chief Data Officer at UNICEF, on the need for strengthened governance of data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5bed\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Following these overviews, Andrew Young and Eugenia Olliaro explained what each \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org\">RD4C principle \u003C/a>means, demonstrating their application in practice through \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org/case-studies/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/case-studies/\">real-life examples from the field\u003C/a>. Andrew J. Zahuranec and Marine Ragnet, meanwhile, presented \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org/tools/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/tools/\">tools\u003C/a> that could be used to enforce the principles. The session dove into each principle in detail:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"5a14\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">The participatory\u003C/strong> principle involves engaging and informing individuals and groups affected by the use of data for and about children. The team discussed how \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://odpl.thegovlab.com/ccm-directus/assets/o6245olwrwg4488k\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://odpl.thegovlab.com/ccm-directus/assets/o6245olwrwg4488k\">InForm\u003C/a>, an Open Data Kit-based data collection and management tool, illustrated the principle in practice. The tool centralizes dispersed data streams, secures collected data in a common platform, and enables data analysis and visualization. InForm illustrates the participatory principle because any deployment requires connecting disparate sources held by various parties. It calls on agencies to work together to ingest and centralize many data sources instead of having them engage only with their own data systems and data collection processes.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"9f4a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">A professionally accountable\u003C/strong> initiative would operationalize responsible data practices and principles by establishing institutional processes, roles, and responsibilities. For example, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/RD4C_Afghanistan_Nutrition_Online_Database.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/RD4C_Afghanistan_Nutrition_Online_Database.pdf\">Afghanistan’s Nutrition Online Database\u003C/a> was a web-based information system providing access to aggregated nutrition data to inform planning and service delivery at the national, provincial, and zonal level. Afghanistan and partners provided training to data users to more effectively monitor conditions. Administrators also received manuals with guidance on how to avoid unauthorized access.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"fe1e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">A people-centric\u003C/strong> approach is also one that incorporates responsibility by ensuring the needs and expectations of children, their caregivers, and their communities are prioritized by actors handling data for and about them. To demonstrate it in practice, the team used the example of the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/RD4C_Romania_Aurora_Project.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/RD4C_Romania_Aurora_Project.pdf\">Aurora Project\u003C/a>, a child-protection platform developed by UNICEF Romania with partners. The program was people-centric because its components were crafted in recognition of the influence and importance of not just a child’s experience and needs but also that of their caregivers.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"ca6f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Prevention of harms across data lifecycles: \u003C/strong>Establishing end-to-end data responsibility by assessing risks during the collecting, storing, preparing, sharing, analyzing, and using stages of the data life cycle. UNICEF’s MICS, a series of surveys launched to monitor the status of children around the world, served as a use case for this principle. The MICS team emphasized that ensuring the security of the data was paramount. During survey collecting, they discussed how data collected in the field undergoes rigid checks for quality during the interview process — checking and cross-checking data across the interview.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"3ff9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Proportional: \u003C/strong>Aligning the breadth of data collection and duration of data retention with the intended purpose. This was illustrated through the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/RD4C_Childline_Kenya.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/RD4C_Childline_Kenya.pdf\">Childline Kenya case study\u003C/a>, a helpline offering services for children subjected to violence or neglect. The Childline case study was considered because the start of each call, the counselor informs the caller that while the discussion will be recorded, all information provided will remain confidential, accessible only by case management personnel, unless it needs to be shared with service providers for a specific, authorized referral.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"abde\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Being protective of children’s rights\u003C/strong> in programming entails\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>recognizing the distinct rights and requirements for helping children develop to their full potential. \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/RD4C_Childline_Kenya.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/RD4C_Childline_Kenya.pdf\">Childline Kenya \u003C/a>was again used as a use-case to illustrate this principle. The Childline Kenya program installed specific requirements such as letting only approved staff members have the necessary digital credentials for accessing, changing, or printing certain case records and creating an audit trail when a user edits, deletes, or prints a client record — but not when a user only accesses the record.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"9746\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Leading a \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">purpose-driven\u003C/strong> initiative entails identifying and specifying why the data is needed and how the intended or potential benefits relate to improving children’s lives. \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://odpl.thegovlab.com/ccm-directus/assets/o6245olwrwg4488k\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://odpl.thegovlab.com/ccm-directus/assets/o6245olwrwg4488k\">InForm\u003C/a> provides a good example for it because the program was developed with a “user-centric design approach” to ensure that the tool would be useful for compiling and visualizing data. This fact is evident not only from the platform’s origins, which sought to respond to a clear, pressing need to compile data, but to the way UNICEF sought to respond to that need.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"32f2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">The session then included reflections from the field with Mac Glovinsky at the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.learningpassport.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.learningpassport.org/\">Learning Passport\u003C/a>. Mac discussed his experiences with Responsible Data for Children and how it had helped advance his work. He spoke to how the RD4C principles could be realized in the field, honing in on some of the success and challenges encountered.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5210\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The second part of the session was not recorded, to give UNICEF staff the opportunity to add to the conversation by exchanging on their respective experiences with RD4C in the field. During breakout sessions, participants shared present and past work with each other, discussed the challenges they faced, and posed questions to the RD4C team. This input will inform RD4C work and future training programmes as it enters its third year of operation.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8f77\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">UNICEF field offices interested in sharing their experience and learning, can contact the RD4C team to be featured in a blog post. Please contact us at rd4c@thegovlab.org. For those of you who would like to view the tutorials, a recording is now available on our \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://youtu.be/UM_xwxaIOVE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://youtu.be/UM_xwxaIOVE\">YouTube page\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/tutorials-on-responsible-data-for-children-rd4c",{"title":1478,"description":1481},"tutorials-on-responsible-data-for-children-rd4c","blogposts/tutorials-on-responsible-data-for-children-rd4c",[1490,1491],"RD4C","children","Y1UqZLKZyh_t39LPhqpa6g9dgOkcGTdyVYY7YB3YQPI",{"id":1494,"title":1495,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1496,"body":34,"category":349,"date":1497,"description":1498,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1495,"image":1499,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1500,"meta":1501,"navigation":15,"path":1502,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1503,"slug":1504,"startTime":34,"stem":1505,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1506},"blogposts/blogposts/announcing-new-global-nonpartisan-summit-on-state-of-open-data-policy.json","Announcing New Global, Nonpartisan Summit on State of Open Data Policy",[],"2022-04-26T20:14:19","On 17 May 2022 at 11:00 AM ET, attendees at the State of Open Data Policy Summit will have the opportunity to listen to and...","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/8d0d6095-032e-4521-bf7c-969303e7f328","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"ac5b\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Announcing New Global, Nonpartisan Summit on State of Open Data Policy\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"cbef\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">From improving \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/mapping-how-data-can-help-address-covid19-a7be2e631aec\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/mapping-how-data-can-help-address-covid19-a7be2e631aec\">disease response\u003C/a> to enabling more \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/post/gender-and-urban-mobility-addressing-unequal-access-to-urban-transportation-for-women-and-girls\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/post/gender-and-urban-mobility-addressing-unequal-access-to-urban-transportation-for-women-and-girls\">equitable public transportation\u003C/a> to promoting \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/\">child well-being\u003C/a>, responsible access to data has become essential. But what policies are needed to facilitate and incentivize the opening of data for public interest purposes? What recent legal and policy developments are starting to shape the space of data collaboration? These and other questions focused on the state of open data policy will be addressed at the first “\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/the-state-of-open-data-policy-summit-tickets-322702099667\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/the-state-of-open-data-policy-summit-tickets-322702099667\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">State of Open Data Policy Summit\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>” hosted by the Open Data Policy Lab — a collaboration between The GovLab and Microsoft.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d13a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">On \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">17 May 2022 at 11:00 AM — 2:00 PM ET\u003C/strong>, attendees at the State of Open Data Policy Summit will have the opportunity to listen to and engage with senior leaders in government, civil society and business about the policies that can support more impactful re-use of data for the public good.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"628f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This discussion will focus on the past, present, and future of public and private sector policy, including the United States’ \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/4174\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/4174\">Evidence Act\u003C/a> and EU’s \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_22_1113\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_22_1113\">Data Act\u003C/a>. It will also seek to be an opportunity for officials such as US Senator \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.gillibrand.senate.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.gillibrand.senate.gov/\">Kirsten Gillibrand\u003C/a> and Microsoft VP and Chief Scientist \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/people/jlavista/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/people/jlavista/\">Juan Ferres\u003C/a> to take stock of current approaches to data and ways we can incentivize meaningful re-use to realize “\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\">a third wave of open data\u003C/a>.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2396\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We invite you to attend this global, nonpartisan event to identify the ways we can better generate public good. Registration is \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">free and open to all \u003C/strong>through \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/the-state-of-open-data-policy-summit-tickets-322702099667\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/the-state-of-open-data-policy-summit-tickets-322702099667\">EventBrite\u003C/a>. While a full recording of the event will be shared after the event concludes, we encourage you to spread the word on this summit to ensure a robust and meaningful conversation on open data policy.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1074\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">We hope to see you there.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/announcing-new-global-nonpartisan-summit-on-state-of-open-data-policy",{"title":1495,"description":1498},"announcing-new-global-nonpartisan-summit-on-state-of-open-data-policy","blogposts/announcing-new-global-nonpartisan-summit-on-state-of-open-data-policy","Wocg_nCW3fd7_YH5D3c74gMDkDJDDscGve0g4gyfh2k",{"id":1508,"title":1509,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1510,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1511,"description":1512,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1509,"image":1513,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1514,"meta":1515,"navigation":15,"path":1516,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1517,"slug":1518,"startTime":34,"stem":1519,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1520},"blogposts/blogposts/ten-most-pressing-high-impact-questions-to-drive-change-in-inclusive-and-sustainable-mobility.json","Ten most pressing, high-impact questions to drive change in inclusive and sustainable mobility",[],"2022-04-12T17:55:17","The GovLab at NYU Tandon, CAF — Development Bank of Latin America, the Transformative Urban Mobility Initiative (TUMI), and the New Urban…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*jz__jBMVfTwakkHQ","\n\u003Csection name=\"93c9\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"e292\" id=\"e292\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Ten most pressing, high-impact questions to drive change in inclusive and sustainable mobility\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"5f4b\" id=\"5f4b\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">The GovLab at NYU Tandon, CAF — Development Bank of Latin America, the Transformative Urban Mobility Initiative (TUMI), and the New Urban Mobility Alliance (NUMO) launch the 100 Questions “Urban Mobility and Transportation” Domain.\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"413a\" id=\"413a\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*jz__jBMVfTwakkHQ\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"626\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*jz__jBMVfTwakkHQ\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Image by \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/gDg-2XeLCAo\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/gDg-2XeLCAo\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Jason Corey\u003C/a>/Unsplash is licensed under CC0\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"8ceb\" id=\"8ceb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">BROOKLYN, New York, April 12, 2022 — The Governance Lab (The GovLab) at the NYU Tandon School of Engineering, along with CAF — Development Bank of Latin America, the Transformative Urban Mobility Initiative (TUMI), and the New Urban Mobility Alliance (NUMO) announce the launch of the \u003Ca href=\"https://mobility.the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://mobility.the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Urban Mobility and Transportation domain\u003C/a> of \u003Ca href=\"https://the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The 100 Questions Initiative\u003C/a>, which identifies the most pressing, impactful questions regarding safe, accessible, inclusive and sustainable mobility which data and data science have the potential to answer.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a3f8\" id=\"a3f8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This work is essential because cities need to steer the use of data more purposefully to better inform and shape policy decisions on urban development, clean transportation, equal access to economic opportunities and quality of life in urban centers. As urban growth across the world continues, ensuring safe, accessible, inclusive and sustainable mobility in cities is crucial.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c0e0\" id=\"c0e0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Technology and data are powerful tools for designing and implementing public policy, but evidence-based policy is currently the exception rather than the rule. Although cities have access to several data sources, policy makers often lack the tools and knowledge to convert data into actionable insight for better decision-making. The identification of the policy questions that need to be prioritized and answered is key for Latin American cities, not only to improve the management of their day-to-day transport systems but more importantly to anticipate and build resilient cities in the future” adds Angel Cardenas, Urban Development and Creative Economies Head at CAF –Development Bank of Latin America.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"827f\" id=\"827f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“We need to become more data-driven to make better informed decisions for urban mobility planning, to develop innovative and sustainable solutions, and to ensure that everyone benefits from these solutions” adds Stefaan Verhulst, Co-Founder and Director of the Data Program at The GovLab. “To meet modern mobility challenges, we first need to identify the most pressing questions that data assets, and data science can meaningfully and responsibly answer.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ac0c\" id=\"ac0c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Urban Mobility and Transportation Domain, as with the previous initiative domains of migration, gender, air quality, future of work, and disinformation will tap the expertise of “bilinguals” to identify these questions. These practitioners across fields who possess both knowledge about a given domain (in this case urban mobility), and data science expertise, will work collaboratively to identify the 10 most pressing, high-impact questions answerable through a combination of new and existing data sources and data science methods.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e787\" id=\"e787\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“TUMI believes that for cities, data is a crucial enabler to make better as well as more informed decisions about sustainable mobility. With the development of an Urban Mobility Data Hub, we are working together with our partners on making mobility data available for cities in Africa, Latin America and Asia to shape the digital transformation of urban mobility in a climate-friendly way” said Lena Plikat, Transport Policy Advisor at TUMI.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"720f\" id=\"720f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“As we consider more sustainable, convenient mobility solutions to reduce emissions from car trips, data and technology have the potential to guide us in making meaningful progress to our climate and equity goals. To generate real impact and find the answers we seek, however, we first need to ask the right questions. NUMO is proud to partner with globally recognized organizations and practitioners to collaborate on asking and answering these most pressing questions that will impact our mobility ecosystems in cities around the world” added Sebastian Castellanos, Research Lead at NUMO.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c1a9\" id=\"c1a9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Through the 100 Questions Initiative, The GovLab and CAF, along with TUMI and NUMO, will facilitate the establishment of data collaboratives — new forms of public-private partnerships that harness data from different sectors for public good. This effort builds on The GovLab’s, CAF’s, TUMI’s and NUMO’s many efforts to improve the effectiveness and legitimacy of governance through data and collective intelligence.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"624f\" id=\"624f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Professionals interested in collaborating are encouraged to send an email to contact@the100questions.org. For more information about the 100 Questions Initiative, visit \u003Ca href=\"http://www.the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the100questions.org,\u003C/a> or contact Stefaan Verhulst, lead of the initiative at \u003Ca href=\"mailto:sverhulst@thegovlab.org\" data-href=\"mailto:sverhulst@thegovlab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">sverhulst@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"eef1\" id=\"eef1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">About the 100 Questions Initiative\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"706c\" id=\"706c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The 100 Questions Initiative is presented by The Governance Lab at the NYU Tandon School of Engineering. This initiative seeks to map the world’s 100 most important questions in the most critical domains, such as gender, migration, and air quality, that could be answered if datasets and data science were unlocked and leveraged to their full potential, in a responsible manner. It is supported by a global advisory board comprising data science and subject matter experts from the public, corporate, and non-profit sectors. Members include Ciro Cattuto, scientific director of ISI Foundation; Gabriella Gómez-Mont, founder and former director at Laboratorio Para La Ciudad; Molly Jackman, leader of Content-Product Data Science and Engineering at Netflix; Vivienne Ming, founder of Socos Labs; Wilfred Ndifon, director of research at AIMS Global Network; Denice Ross, fellow at Georgetown University’s Beeck Center for Social Impact and Innovation; and Matthew Salganik, professor of sociology at Princeton University. For more information, visit the100questions.org or\u003Ca href=\"https://the100questions.org/faq.html\" data-href=\"https://the100questions.org/faq.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> https://the100questions.org/faq\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6b4e\" id=\"6b4e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">About The Governance Lab at the NYU Tandon School of Engineering\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e732\" id=\"e732\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Governance Lab’s mission is to improve people’s lives by changing the way we govern. Our goal at The GovLab is to strengthen the ability of institutions — including but not limited to governments — and people to work more openly, collaboratively, effectively, and legitimately to make better decisions and solve public problems. We believe that increased availability and use of data, new ways to leverage the capacity, intelligence, and expertise of people in the problem-solving process, combined with new advances in technology and science, can transform governance. We approach each challenge and opportunity in an interdisciplinary, collaborative way, irrespective of the problem, sector, geography, and level of government. For more information, visit the \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">thegovlab.org\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"383c\" id=\"383c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">About CAF- Development Bank of Latin America\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d83e\" id=\"d83e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">CAF — Development Bank of Latin America is a development financial institution committed to improving the quality of life of all Latin Americans. CAF´s actions promote the sustainable development and integration of the region through loans, non-reimbursable technical assistance resources, and support in the technical and financial structuring of programs and projects in the public and private sectors in Latin America. CAF works in 18 Latin American and Caribbean countries, as well as in Spain, Portugal through 13 offices, to serve the region.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9237\" id=\"9237\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">About the Transformative Urban Mobility Initiative\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fdae\" id=\"fdae\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">TUMI is the leading global implementation initiative on sustainable mobility, formed through the union of 11 prestigious partners. Facilitated by GIZ and funded by the German Federal Ministry of Economics and Development (BMZ), TUMI’s vision is thriving cities with enhanced economic, social and environmental performances in line with the New Urban Agenda, the Agenda 2030 and the Paris Agreement. TUMI is based on three pillars: innovation, knowledge, and investment. Website: \u003Ca href=\"http://www.transformative-mobility.org\" data-href=\"http://www.transformative-mobility.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">www.transformative-mobility.org\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cda4\" id=\"cda4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">About the New Urban Mobility Alliance\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6217\" id=\"6217\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">NUMO, the New Urban Mobility alliance, is a global organization that channels tech-based disruptions in urban transport to create joyful cities where sustainable and just mobility is the new normal. Founded in 2019 as an outgrowth of the Shared Mobility Principles for Livable Cities, NUMO convenes diverse allies and leverages the momentum of significant revolutions in mobility to target urban issues — including equity, sustainability, accessibility and labor — impacted by the shifting transportation landscape. NUMO is hosted by WRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities. Learn more at \u003Ca href=\"http://www.numo.global\" data-href=\"http://www.numo.global\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">www.numo.global\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ae20\" id=\"ae20\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">About the New York University Tandon School of Engineering\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"af9f\" id=\"af9f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">The NYU Tandon School of Engineering dates to 1854, the founding date for both the New York University School of Civil Engineering and Architecture and the Brooklyn Collegiate and Polytechnic Institute (widely known as Brooklyn Poly). A January 2014 merger created a comprehensive school of education and research in engineering and applied sciences, rooted in a tradition of invention and entrepreneurship and dedicated to furthering technology in service to society. In addition to its main location in Brooklyn, NYU Tandon collaborates with other schools within NYU, one of the country’s foremost private research universities, and is closely connected to engineering programs at NYU Abu Dhabi and NYU Shanghai. It operates Future Labs focused on start-up businesses in downtown Manhattan and Brooklyn and an award-winning online graduate program. For more information, visit \u003Ca href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/\" data-href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">engineering.nyu.edu\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/ten-most-pressing-high-impact-questions-to-drive-change-in-inclusive-and-sustainable-mobility",{"title":1509,"description":1512},"ten-most-pressing-high-impact-questions-to-drive-change-in-inclusive-and-sustainable-mobility","blogposts/ten-most-pressing-high-impact-questions-to-drive-change-in-inclusive-and-sustainable-mobility","YD1iksxoAudDjUehFNkDhAd9PhYFa_VRFypqRLnjrsk",{"id":1522,"title":1523,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1524,"body":34,"category":338,"date":1525,"description":1526,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1523,"image":1527,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1528,"meta":1529,"navigation":15,"path":1530,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1531,"slug":1532,"startTime":34,"stem":1533,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1534},"blogposts/blogposts/the-govlab-unicef-host-webinar-on-using-tools-to-realize-responsible-data-for-children.json","The GovLab, UNICEF Host Webinar on Using Tools to Realize Responsible Data for Children",[],"2022-03-17T16:28:18","On 8 March 2022, the Responsible Data for Children (RD4C) team — a collaboration between The GovLab and UNICEF — hosted a special 75-minute webinar on the RD4C principles and tools meant to enable the responsible handling of data for and about children.","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*qi53dEv7jQn72nxY.png","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"5dee\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">The GovLab, UNICEF Host Webinar on Using Tools to Realize Responsible Data for Children\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"b69d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This piece was originally published on the Responsible Data for Children’s \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/event-the-govlab-and-unicef-host-webinar-on-using-tools-to-realize-responsible-data-for-children/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/event-the-govlab-and-unicef-host-webinar-on-using-tools-to-realize-responsible-data-for-children/index.html\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">blog\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">. To learn more about the ways this initiative is fostering the responsible use of data for and about children, visit \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://rd4c.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://rd4c.org\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">its site\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"72d3\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*qi53dEv7jQn72nxY.png\" data-image-id=\"0*qi53dEv7jQn72nxY.png\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"563\" data-is-featured=\"true\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"bb7f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">On 8 March 2022, the Responsible Data for Children (RD4C) team — a collaboration between The GovLab and UNICEF — hosted a special 75-minute webinar on the RD4C \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org/principles/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/principles/\">principles\u003C/a> and \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org/tools/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/tools/\">tools\u003C/a> meant to enable the responsible handling of data for and about children. Led by The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst and Andrew J. Zahuranec and UNICEF’s Eugenia Olliaro and Robert MacTavish, attendees included practitioners from UNICEF, its partners, along with academics working on issues related to children’s data protection.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"55a1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Over the course of the session, participants learned in-depth information about how the RD4C tools can help them in the areas they work.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"c67d\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p\">\u003Ciframe src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/OpuFRKY3MXM?feature=oembed\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"a2b8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The webinar began with an explanation the Responsible Data for Children initiative hopes to achieve. Focusing on the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/new-publication-eight-reasons-responsible-data-for-and-about-children-matters/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/new-publication-eight-reasons-responsible-data-for-and-about-children-matters/index.html\">eight reasons why responsible data for children matters\u003C/a>, Stefaan discussed why child welfare advocates should pay attention to data. He described how children are at the forefront of datafication, the fact that children have less agency, that data violations can result in lifelong loss of trust, and other issues.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3787\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Eugenia subsequently explained the role that the RD4C \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org/principles/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/principles/\">principles\u003C/a> — participatory, professionally accountable, people-centric, prevention of harms across the data lifecycle, proportional, protective of children’s rights, and purpose-driven — could play in addressing these challenges. Developed through a review of \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org/selected-readings/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/selected-readings/\">literature\u003C/a> and \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org/case-studies/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/case-studies/\">case studies\u003C/a>, the principles steer the user toward best practices on responsible data handling for children.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"991c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Following this initial stage-setting, Andrew and Stefaan introduced the different \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org/tools/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/tools/\">RD4C tools\u003C/a>, which seek to operationalize the principles in an user-centric manner, and explained how they could be used. In particular, they discussed:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"c035\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">The \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/RD4C_Data_Ecosystem_Mapping.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/RD4C_Data_Ecosystem_Mapping.pdf\">RD4C Data Ecosystem Mapping Tool\u003C/a>, which intends to help users to identify the systems generating data about children and the key components of those systems.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"9f46\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/RD4C_Decision_Provenance_Mapping.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/RD4C_Decision_Provenance_Mapping.pdf\">RD4C Decision Provenance Mapping\u003C/a>, intended to provide a way for actors designing or assessing data investments for children to identify key decision points and determine which internal and external parties influence those decision points.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"07fd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5ced8e8d4d23c100012bd9ee/t/5ea15e953b46f95d97703164/1587633826177/Ethics+and+Safeguarding+Compilation+Pack+FINAL+1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5ced8e8d4d23c100012bd9ee/t/5ea15e953b46f95d97703164/1587633826177/Ethics+and+Safeguarding+Compilation+Pack+FINAL+1.pdf\">Ethical Assessment — Data for Children Collaborative with UNICEF\u003C/a>, that “forms part of our safe data ecosystem, alongside data management and data protection policies and practices.”\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"0973\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/RD4C_Opportunity_Risk_Diagnostic_Tool.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/RD4C_Opportunity_Risk_Diagnostic_Tool.pdf\">RD4C Opportunity and Risk Diagnostic\u003C/a>; which provides organizations with a way to take stock of the RD4C principles and how they might be realized as an organization reviews a data project or system.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"e719\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/22-Questions-to-Assess-RD4C-Audit-tool.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/22-Questions-to-Assess-RD4C-Audit-tool.pdf\">22 Questions to Assess Responsible Data for Children\u003C/a>, used for rapidly assessing initiatives or systems that handle data for and about children against the RD4C Principles.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"4fff\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">In the final 30 minutes, Alessandra Fassio of \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.dataforchildrencollaborative.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.dataforchildrencollaborative.com\">Data for Children Collaborative with UNICEF\u003C/a> shared with participants how her institution has used RD4C tools to support its work, allowing participants to see how the tools are operationalized in a specific context.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"bb16\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The event closed with a question and answer session moderated by Robert, during which the RD4C team emphasized the importance of supporting broader collaboration on data responsibility and child welfare issues. The team invited attendees to share their work and experiences.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5c0c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">If you work in these areas and would like to share your experience and learning, we would be delighted to host a guest blog featuring your best practices. Furthermore, we are hoping to encourage greater awareness of the various resources and research that exist in the field by expanding \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org/selected-readings/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/selected-readings/\">our Selected Readings page\u003C/a>. If either of these items interest you, please contact us at \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"mailto:rd4c@thegovlab.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"mailto:rd4c@thegovlab.org\">rd4c@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"59b2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">For those of you who would like to view the webinar, a recording is now available on our \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCFtWjMxtD1uGBtWB6jfZ_4Q\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCFtWjMxtD1uGBtWB6jfZ_4Q\">YouTube page\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/the-govlab-unicef-host-webinar-on-using-tools-to-realize-responsible-data-for-children",{"title":1523,"description":1526},"the-govlab-unicef-host-webinar-on-using-tools-to-realize-responsible-data-for-children","blogposts/the-govlab-unicef-host-webinar-on-using-tools-to-realize-responsible-data-for-children","huaS2MTGQc2vYG5le_xyH1uUl3Wq-mG3ysfS9Y8q2dk",{"id":1536,"title":1537,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1538,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1539,"description":1540,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1537,"image":1541,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1542,"meta":1543,"navigation":15,"path":1544,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1545,"slug":1546,"startTime":34,"stem":1547,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1548},"blogposts/blogposts/announcing-the-data-stewards-academy-executive-education-course-focused-on-the-eastern-hemisphere.json","Announcing the Data Stewards Academy Executive Education Course Focused on the Eastern Hemisphere",[],"2022-03-17T16:18:24","From April to June 2022, leaders in data stewardship from fourteen different countries, from China to Cameroon, will learn ways to use data","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Dgnv5bYL6uRPEZwm","\n\u003Csection name=\"4e68\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"c909\" id=\"c909\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Announcing the First Data Stewards Academy Executive Education Course Focused on the Eastern Hemisphere\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"c3b1\" id=\"c3b1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This piece was \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/announcement-announcing-the-first-data-stewards-academy-executive-education-course-focused-on-the-eastern-hemisphere/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/announcement-announcing-the-first-data-stewards-academy-executive-education-course-focused-on-the-eastern-hemisphere/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">originally posted\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> on the Open Data Policy Lab’s blog. To learn more about the Open Data Policy Lab and the work it does, visit the site \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"4d77\" id=\"4d77\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*Dgnv5bYL6uRPEZwm\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"667\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Dgnv5bYL6uRPEZwm\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Image by \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/n6uFXwe-CSo\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/n6uFXwe-CSo\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Ben Parker\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">/Unsplash is licensed under CC0.\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"c0e6\" id=\"c0e6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Data innovation is happening around the world. Yet, many of the most exciting developments in Africa, Asia, and the Pacific go unreported and unnoticed. Data innovators in the Eastern Hemisphere do not often receive as much support as their Western counterparts.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7263\" id=\"7263\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Open Data Policy Lab is addressing that gap today with the launch of its new Data Stewards Academy cohort focused on this region. From April to June 2022, leaders in data stewardship from fourteen different countries, from China to Cameroon, will learn ways to use data to promote public good.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"be8f\" id=\"be8f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The executive education course, \u003Ca href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Developing a Data Reuse Strategy for Public Problems\u003C/a>, is part of The GovLab’s \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Data Policy Lab, a program\u003C/a> supporting responsible data re-use with support from Microsoft. The executive education course trains data leaders in the public, nonprofit, research and private sectors interested in developing data reuse strategies to solve public problems. Over the course of eight weeks, participants will learn about the ways they can use data to improve how they operate and pursue goals in the public’s interest.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"77ee\" id=\"77ee\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We’re excited to welcome our new cohort of twenty-one data leaders:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"2665\" id=\"2665\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/jumanab\" data-href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/jumanab\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Jumana Baghabra\u003C/a>, Digital Policy Expert, National Digital Transformation Unit (NDU), Saudi Arabia\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"dc6a\" id=\"dc6a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/nikeshbalami\" data-href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/nikeshbalami\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Nikesh Balami\u003C/a>, Co-Founder & CEO of Open Knowledge Nepal, Nepal\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6fa3\" id=\"6fa3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/bhavabhuthi/\" data-href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/bhavabhuthi/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">P.R. Bhavabhuthi\u003C/a>, Lead Designer & Writer, Free Software Movement of India, India\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0f1d\" id=\"0f1d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Leah Dowsett, Medical Geneticist at Ahahui o Na Kauka (Association of Native Hawaiian Physicians) Hawai’i, United States of America\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"abb1\" id=\"abb1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/gggodhwani\" data-href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/gggodhwani\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Gaurav Godhwani\u003C/a>, Co-Founder and Director at CivicDataLab, India\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7d57\" id=\"7d57\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/mustafahameed491\" data-href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/mustafahameed491\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Mustafa Hameed\u003C/a>, Senior Delivery Associate at the UNDP, Pakistan\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1433\" id=\"1433\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/meredithhodgman/\" data-href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/meredithhodgman/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Meredith Hodgman\u003C/a>, Chair, Smart Cities Workstream for IoT Alliance Australia, Australia\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4e16\" id=\"4e16\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Swati Joshi, Senior Research Associate at Centre for Technology, Innovation and Economic Research, India\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"acd5\" id=\"acd5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Mohammad Hossein Khani, Lead, Data Governance Team at Presidential Center for Progress and Development, Iran\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1a77\" id=\"1a77\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/kunal-kumar-890337207\" data-href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/kunal-kumar-890337207\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Kunal Kumar\u003C/a>, Joint Secretary & Mission Director, Smart Cities Mission for the Government of India, Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, India\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e073\" id=\"e073\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Tianyi Luo, Director, Aqueduct Project at the World Resources Institute, China\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1466\" id=\"1466\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/susmina-manandhar\" data-href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/susmina-manandhar\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Susmina Manandhar\u003C/a>, Open Data Fellow at NAXA and Changunarayan Municipality, Nepal\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6a0f\" id=\"6a0f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/kristimansfield\" data-href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/kristimansfield\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Kristi Mansfield\u003C/a>, Co-Founder & CEO of Seer Data & Analytics, Australia\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8ad7\" id=\"8ad7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/eva-ireri-muluve\" data-href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/eva-ireri-muluve\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Eva Muluve\u003C/a>, Program Officer at the Population Council in Kenya, Kenya\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3d5d\" id=\"3d5d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/jowil-plecerda-66999639\" data-href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/jowil-plecerda-66999639\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Jowil Mejia Plecerda\u003C/a>, Policy Lab Lead at Data-driven Development in the Philippines (PH3D), Philippines\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2710\" id=\"2710\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/megansschroeder88\" data-href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/megansschroeder88\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Megan Schroeder\u003C/a>, Senior Manager, Support and M&E at Ona, Kenya\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9568\" id=\"9568\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/bindu-s-2712a230\" data-href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/bindu-s-2712a230\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Bindu Sharma\u003C/a>, Managing Director for APAC at International Centre for Missing and Exploited Children, Singapore\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"357c\" id=\"357c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/bioenable\" data-href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/bioenable\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Dr Shyam Sundaram\u003C/a>, Community Data Scientist, India\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b123\" id=\"b123\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/sioelitonga\" data-href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/sioelitonga\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Sioeli Tonga\u003C/a>, Program Manager at Pacific Community (SPC), New Caledonia\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6fd9\" id=\"6fd9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/lucy-tyndall-827b0361\" data-href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/lucy-tyndall-827b0361\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Lucy Tyndall\u003C/a>, Senior Advisor at the New Zealand Ministry for the Environment, New Zealand\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"bb71\" id=\"bb71\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/victorbertrandwamba\" data-href=\"https://linkedin.com/in/victorbertrandwamba\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Victor Bertrand Wamba\u003C/a>, Civic Technologies Program Manager at AfroLeadership, Cameroon\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"cf26\" id=\"cf26\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">To learn more about the course (or to follow along) see the \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/academy/data-reuse-strategy/syllabus-2021/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/academy/data-reuse-strategy/syllabus-2021/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">self-directed resource available publicly on the Open Data Policy Lab website\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9732\" id=\"9732\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">If you are interested in learning more about these opportunities, be sure to \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=bc6d09925f\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=bc6d09925f\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">sign up for the Data Stewards Network Newsletter\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> where you can learn more about the Academy’s future course offerings and receive alerts when applications for additional cohorts open in the future.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/announcing-the-data-stewards-academy-executive-education-course-focused-on-the-eastern-hemisphere",{"title":1537,"description":1540},"announcing-the-data-stewards-academy-executive-education-course-focused-on-the-eastern-hemisphere","blogposts/announcing-the-data-stewards-academy-executive-education-course-focused-on-the-eastern-hemisphere","QpvOtcmpu6CR0C3XLcXPz_6j0nZ1-fpnvBbBq05oYt0",{"id":1550,"title":1551,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1552,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1553,"description":1554,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1551,"image":1555,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1556,"meta":1557,"navigation":15,"path":1558,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1559,"slug":1560,"startTime":34,"stem":1561,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1562},"blogposts/blogposts/the-govlab-publishes-recommendations-for-congress-on-evidence-based-lawmaking.json","The GovLab Publishes Recommendations for Congress on Evidence-Based Lawmaking",[],"2022-03-17T15:31:35","In 2021, in support of the US House Select Committee on the Modernization of Congress, The GovLab organized two online advisory sessions to…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*M6Ty_VKuC6DDpgq0gGAusQ.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"0e69\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"dc2d\" id=\"dc2d\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">The GovLab Publishes Recommendations for Congress on Evidence-Based Lawmaking\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"eb06\" id=\"eb06\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">In 2021, in support of the \u003Ca href=\"https://modernizecongress.house.gov/\" data-href=\"https://modernizecongress.house.gov/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">US House Select Committee on the Modernization of Congress\u003C/a>, The GovLab organized \u003Ca href=\"https://modernization.smartercrowdsourcing.org/\" data-href=\"https://modernization.smartercrowdsourcing.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">two online advisory sessions\u003C/a> to inform the Committee’s process of developing recommendations on evidence-based lawmaking. The goal of these “\u003Ca href=\"https://smartercrowdsourcing.org/\" data-href=\"https://smartercrowdsourcing.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Smarter Crowdsourcing\u003C/a>” roundtables was to discuss strategies to enable more effective use of evidence by Members and Committees in hearings and other legislative processes in the US Congress.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8df1\" id=\"8df1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Fifty-three experts, including representatives from foreign parliaments, and experts in science communication, and specialists in Congressional operations and research, technology, and data science, identified recommendations for how Congress can source and use high-quality research and evidence to inform the lawmaking process.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9b5f\" id=\"9b5f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Distilled from over 100 proposals, this blog post presents a summary of five recommendations for Congress followed by three recommendations for universities. To read the full recommendations, which explain in further detail how each solution would work, why it is a priority, and models for how it has been successfully implemented in other contexts, visit: \u003Ca href=\"https://modernization.smartercrowdsourcing.org/recommendations.html\" data-href=\"https://modernization.smartercrowdsourcing.org/recommendations.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://modernization.smartercrowdsourcing.org/recommendations.html\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"6d87\" id=\"6d87\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*M6Ty_VKuC6DDpgq0gGAusQ.jpeg\" data-width=\"5472\" data-height=\"3648\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*M6Ty_VKuC6DDpgq0gGAusQ.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Image Credit: Louis Velazquez via \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/XWW746i6WoM\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/XWW746i6WoM\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Unsplash.com\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"a9e5\" id=\"a9e5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Recommendations for Congress\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9bc5\" id=\"9bc5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Recommendation 1: Restore and update the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA)\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8fe8\" id=\"8fe8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Background/Problem:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e481\" id=\"e481\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">While Congressional support agencies like the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) and Congressional Research Services (CRS) generate high-quality evidence, an enhanced OTA would work with the broader research community to create research that is timely and useful to policymakers.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0404\" id=\"0404\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">How the Solution Works:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ab21\" id=\"ab21\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A 21st century OTA should:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"46e9\" id=\"46e9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Establish a policy lab with the ability to conduct rapid evidence reviews and data analysis\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6824\" id=\"6824\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Collaborate with existing research networks to facilitate dialogue and coordination between legislature and research community.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9a0a\" id=\"9a0a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Explore collaborating with committee chairs and ranking members (with the support of GAO and CRS) to publish a Congressional research agenda to align research with policymakers’ questions.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4886\" id=\"4886\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Create a clearinghouse to showcase evidence-based evaluations of the impact of legislation\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d58b\" id=\"d58b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Pilot the creation of “evidence dockets” that articulate the evidence behind major pieces of legislation\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8dde\" id=\"8dde\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Experiment with using new technology to source evidence rapidly in new ways\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b927\" id=\"b927\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Study how committees currently use research\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"f187\" id=\"f187\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Implementation/Owner:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"943d\" id=\"943d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Congress should enact legislation to restore and update the OTA\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e397\" id=\"e397\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Recommendation 2: Create a Chief Data Officer (CDO) for Congress\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d87a\" id=\"d87a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Background/Problem:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8b58\" id=\"8b58\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Building data capacity in-house is necessary to ensure that Congress can develop tools to study its own lawmaking practices using empirical methods and is not exclusively reliant upon the executive branch for data analysis. Having staff trained in data science will enable Congress to use existing technology to make more effective use of the available evidence.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8828\" id=\"8828\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">How the Solution Works:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3efd\" id=\"3efd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The CDO would be responsible for:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"ad76\" id=\"ad76\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Developing tools for studying efficiency, effectiveness and equity of lawmaking process and legislative outcomes.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9bb5\" id=\"9bb5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Interfacing with executive branch to ensure that data produced by federal agencies is accessible to and usable by Congress.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e61f\" id=\"e61f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Tracking datasets released by legislative branch.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9c30\" id=\"9c30\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Providing guidance to congressional offices regarding publication of legislative branch data.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"466f\" id=\"466f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Establishing an open data portal to help the public access data about lawmaking practice and evidentiary bases of legislation.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8624\" id=\"8624\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Promoting effective use of new technologies, including machine learning, to make data processing more efficient.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d348\" id=\"d348\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Exploring use of existing tools to make data analysis and visualization more effective and accessible.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"bfcd\" id=\"bfcd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Coordinating improvements to Congress’s data infrastructure.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"9030\" id=\"9030\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Implementation/Owner:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e21a\" id=\"e21a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Congress should appoint a Chief Data Officer (CDO) within the Administrative Office to promote more effective uses of government data, including data produced by executive agencies as well as Congress’s own data, in lawmaking and oversight.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"99c4\" id=\"99c4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Recommendation 3: Expand Professional Development Opportunities for Staff\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a0e9\" id=\"a0e9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Background/Problem:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"588d\" id=\"588d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To make the most effective use of available research, data and evidence, staff should have access to regular and comprehensive courses on data analysis skills, data analytical thinking, and rapid evidence reviews.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"deeb\" id=\"deeb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">How the Solution Works:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c595\" id=\"c595\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Office of the House Chief Administrative Officer (CAO) should:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"abbf\" id=\"abbf\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Create a free professional development program that teaches staff how to source high-quality evidence from diverse sources.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e7be\" id=\"e7be\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Create a professional development program that teaches staff how to apply data analytical thinking and uses of data.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"e0e3\" id=\"e0e3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Implementation/Owner:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4cc8\" id=\"4cc8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">CAO can create — or work with outside organizations to design — professional development programs that will enhance uses of evidence and data in lawmaking while providing staff with a set of in-demand and marketable skills.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"35d0\" id=\"35d0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Recommendation 4: Pilot New Hearing Formats\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"24ab\" id=\"24ab\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Background/Problem:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8b97\" id=\"8b97\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The traditional, in-person hearing format allows only a small number of experts to participate, lacks equity and diversity, decreases opportunities for hearing from people with different disciplinary perspectives to participate, gives the majority disproportionate influence, and disincentivizes robust conversation and learning.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"12fe\" id=\"12fe\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">How the Solution Works:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3d1d\" id=\"3d1d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Committees should continue to innovate and experiment with doing things differently, for instance by:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"0308\" id=\"0308\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Creating new and more opportunities for witnesses to participate online and/or asynchronously to test whether this improves diversity and inclusion of who participates and/or improves the quality of evidence shared.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7149\" id=\"7149\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Establishing regular, informal and off-the-record briefing seminars involving researchers, Members, and staff to build awareness about scientific or technical policy topics.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f004\" id=\"f004\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Experiment with publishing video recordings of Committee hearings on a delay to test whether this change encourages Members to ask more questions and engage in more dialogue.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"ebbb\" id=\"ebbb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Implementation/Owner:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f3a0\" id=\"f3a0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Continuing a practice pioneered by the Select Committee, Congress should experiment with new technologies and formats for conducting hearings that can encourage more evidence-based dialogue among and between Members of Congress and experts and update its rules and procedures to enable broader use of what works.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f07c\" id=\"f07c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Recommendation 5: Fund Research to Establish Mechanisms that Encourage Rapid, Community-Engaged Research\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bf29\" id=\"bf29\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Background/Problem:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f533\" id=\"f533\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Research funding agencies should create incentives for researchers to write up evidence succinctly and without academic jargon, and to create research products faster. Research should not be done without a plan for engaging with, and communicating findings, to the public.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"40e7\" id=\"40e7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">How the Solution Works:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d105\" id=\"d105\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Research funding agencies should:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"78cc\" id=\"78cc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Require that grant-funded research outputs be accompanied by a short memo explaining research to policymakers.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a19c\" id=\"a19c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Implement a prize-backed challenge for researchers to produce evidence that has a real-world value to policymakers in response to a research question posed by Congress.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4cd7\" id=\"4cd7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Require that institutions receiving federal grants have in place policies that recognize, encourage and reward public engagement and communication of science.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"c87a\" id=\"c87a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Implementation/Owner:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"90d6\" id=\"90d6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Congress should encourage NSF, NIH, and other agencies to develop and support innovative rapid response and community engagement mechanisms\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"365d\" id=\"365d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Recommendations for Universities\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4acd\" id=\"4acd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Recommendation 1: Make Research Intelligible: Train Researchers On How To Present their Research in Ways that are Accessible to Policymakers and the Public\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"20e6\" id=\"20e6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Background/Problem:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3802\" id=\"3802\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Outside evidence is often delivered to policymakers in formats that are often too long, too slow, too arcane and too inaccessible to be useful to lawmakers.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"00c9\" id=\"00c9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">How the Solution Works:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"68ee\" id=\"68ee\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Universities and nonprofit organizations should offer researchers free training on how to effectively communicate the findings from their research to policymakers and the public.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"30e8\" id=\"30e8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Researchers should present findings in a format that makes research easy for legislators, policymakers and the public to understand why the findings are important and, where applicable, how they can be incorporated into legislation\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"53c9\" id=\"53c9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Implementation/Owner:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a42f\" id=\"a42f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Universities and philanthropy should create free, scalable and accessible training programs in communicating research to policymakers and the public and mandate their use as part of graduate education.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2bfc\" id=\"2bfc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Recommendation 2: Encourage More University-Based Researchers to Do Stints in Congressional Offices to Enhance Expertise in Congress\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c9dd\" id=\"c9dd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Background/Problem:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b57f\" id=\"b57f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Getting more hands on deck can boost capacities of Congressional offices and add expertise in data science or policy areas. Giving opportunities for academics to serve in government and return to academia helps to communicate needs of policymakers to researchers.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cc45\" id=\"cc45\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">How the Solution Works:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"465e\" id=\"465e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">While safeguarding ethics and research independence, universities should:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"7756\" id=\"7756\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Fund researchers to participate in fellowship programs, which place academics in committees’ or Members’ offices and counts public service toward research tenure requirements\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e5ba\" id=\"e5ba\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Develop new fellowship models that place researchers within Congressional support offices\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"fce6\" id=\"fce6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Work with donors and philanthropic sources to pay for these opportunities\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4fa8\" id=\"4fa8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Couple fellowships with training for researchers in the workings of Congress to ensure that they can be immediately useful to Members and Committees.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"e34c\" id=\"e34c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Implementation/Owner:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3e8f\" id=\"3e8f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Universities should support programs by which their researchers can work temporarily with members’ offices, committees, and Congressional support agencies.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"72b5\" id=\"72b5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Recommendation 3: Universities Should Use New Technology and New Methods to Connect their Researchers to Policymakers\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a765\" id=\"a765\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Background/Problem:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1974\" id=\"1974\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Universities have not invested in making their research accessible to policymakers. As a result, it is difficult for policymakers to find relevant researchers and research projects.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9e54\" id=\"9e54\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">How the Solution Works:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"8144\" id=\"8144\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Universities should make their researchers and their research more accessible and findable by policymakers. They should experiment with new uses of technology, especially machine learning that makes large quantities of information easier to search, to make research more searchable by creating expert networks of their faculty and research.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"567a\" id=\"567a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Universities should support and encourage their faculty and students to participate in networks and organizations that connect researchers to policymakers.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"939e\" id=\"939e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Implementation/Owner:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"26e5\" id=\"26e5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Universities should build expert networks that make their researchers and their expertise more searchable by policymakers and support and promote participation in networks that connect researchers to policymakers.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"61fe\" id=\"61fe\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The read these recommendation in their entirety, visit: \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://modernization.smartercrowdsourcing.org/recommendations.html\" data-href=\"https://modernization.smartercrowdsourcing.org/recommendations.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">https://modernization.smartercrowdsourcing.org/recommendations.html\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fcb1\" id=\"fcb1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">For more information about the Smarter Crowdsourcing: Modernization of Congress initiative, visit: \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://modernization.smartercrowdsourcing.org/\" data-href=\"https://modernization.smartercrowdsourcing.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">https://modernization.smartercrowdsourcing.org/\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/the-govlab-publishes-recommendations-for-congress-on-evidence-based-lawmaking",{"title":1551,"description":1554},"the-govlab-publishes-recommendations-for-congress-on-evidence-based-lawmaking","blogposts/the-govlab-publishes-recommendations-for-congress-on-evidence-based-lawmaking","OXqcvhlY36yWVnozbRUMdVB-nY7RAlOxyiAOYRzLNJs",{"id":1564,"title":1565,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1566,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1567,"description":1568,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1565,"image":1569,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1570,"meta":1571,"navigation":15,"path":1572,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1573,"slug":1574,"startTime":34,"stem":1575,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1576},"blogposts/blogposts/the-govlab-and-the-knight-foundation-to-create-the-data4covid19-review.json","The GovLab and the Knight Foundation to Create The #Data4Covid19 Review",[],"2022-03-10T18:38:39","With the support of the Knight Foundation, today announced the launch of The #Data4Covid19 Review. Through this initiative, The GovLab…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*91-hzJDKhBIuqbK4Kbsmtg.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"d366\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"0bfa\" id=\"0bfa\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">The GovLab and the Knight Foundation to Create The #Data4Covid19 Review\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"cdc9\" id=\"cdc9\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*91-hzJDKhBIuqbK4Kbsmtg.png\" data-width=\"2070\" data-height=\"1380\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*91-hzJDKhBIuqbK4Kbsmtg.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Image by \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/ezY6rc65mUE\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/ezY6rc65mUE\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Martin Sanchez\u003C/a>/Unsplash is licensed under CC0.\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"1fea\" id=\"1fea\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">BROOKLYN, New York, Friday, March 11, 2022 — The Governance Lab (\u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab\u003C/a>), an action research center at \u003Ca href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/\" data-href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">New York University Tandon School of Engineering\u003C/a>, with the support of the \u003Ca href=\"https://knightfoundation.org/\" data-href=\"https://knightfoundation.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Knight Foundation\u003C/a>, today announced the launch of \u003Ca href=\"https://review.data4covid19.org/\" data-href=\"https://review.data4covid19.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The #Data4Covid19 Review\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>. Through this initiative, The GovLab will evaluate how select countries used data to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> \u003C/strong>The findings will be used to identify lessons that can be applied to future data-driven crisis management.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0782\" id=\"0782\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The initiative launches within the context of the 2nd anniversary of the announcement that COVID-19 was a global pandemic and the resulting \u003Ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/03/11/975663437/march-11-2020-the-day-everything-changed\" data-href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/03/11/975663437/march-11-2020-the-day-everything-changed\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">lockdown restrictions\u003C/a>. Countries around the world have since undertaken varied approaches to minimizing the spread of the virus and managing the aftermath. Many of these efforts are driven by data. While the COVID-19 pandemic continues to be a global challenge, there have been few attempts to review and evaluate how data use played a role holistically in the global pandemic response.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bbc4\" id=\"bbc4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://review.data4covid19.org/\" data-href=\"https://review.data4covid19.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The #Data4Covid19 Review\u003C/strong> \u003C/a>aims to fill this gap in the current research by providing an assessment of how data was used during the different waves of the pandemic and guidance for the improvement of future data systems. The GovLab will develop case studies and compare a select group of countries from around the world, with the input and support of a distinguished advisory group of public health, technology, and human rights experts. These case studies will investigate how data use impacted COVID-19 responses. Outputs will include recommendations for decision makers looking to improve their capacity to use data in a responsible way for crisis management and an assessment framework that could be used when designing future data-driven crisis response. By learning from our response to the pandemic, we can better understand how the use of data should be used in crisis management.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fcb4\" id=\"fcb4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">An advisory group with expertise in several domains including civic engagement, data science, public health, technology, and social innovation will guide this work:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"a547\" id=\"a547\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/caroline-buckee-6397baa4/\" data-href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/caroline-buckee-6397baa4/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Dr. Caroline Buckee\u003C/a>, Professor of Epidemiology, and the Associate Director of the Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d6f3\" id=\"d6f3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/ccattuto/\" data-href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/ccattuto/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Dr. Ciro Cattuto\u003C/a>, Principal Scientist at ISI Foundation, Associate Professor in the Computer Science Department of the University of Torino;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0379\" id=\"0379\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/leo-ferres-42a53a201/\" data-href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/leo-ferres-42a53a201/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Dr. Leo Ferres\u003C/a>, Associate Research Professor, Data Science Institute, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Desarrollo;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6b51\" id=\"6b51\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/chinwe-lucia-ochu-521098108/\" data-href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/chinwe-lucia-ochu-521098108/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Dr. Chinwe Lucia Ochu\u003C/a>, Director, Prevention Programmes & Knowledge Management and Head of Research at Nigeria Centre for Disease Control;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"733f\" id=\"733f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/nuriaoliver/\" data-href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/nuriaoliver/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Dr. Nuria Oliver\u003C/a>, Scientific Director and Co-Founder of ELLIS Alicante Foundation, Chief Data Scientist at the Data-Pop Alliance, Chief Scientific Advisor at the Vodafone Institute, Board Member at ELLIS, Fellow at the Spanish Royal Academy of Engineering, Member of the Industrial Advisory Board at King’s College;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1f95\" id=\"1f95\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/sir-geoff-mulgan-aa1079187/\" data-href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/sir-geoff-mulgan-aa1079187/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Sir Geoff Mulgan\u003C/a>, Professor of Collective Intelligence, Public Policy and Social Innovation at University College London; and\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b3a8\" id=\"b3a8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">More to be determined.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"04b2\" id=\"04b2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--li\">“Though the use of data has rapidly accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic, there are significant gaps in our knowledge of the impact of such initiatives. By designing an evaluative methodology for COVID-19 data programs, we hope to provide the framework to help government leaders become better data-prepared for the next crisis.” Said Stefaan Verhulst, co-founder and chief research and development officer of The GovLab.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"87ad\" id=\"87ad\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Data allows us to be one step ahead in mitigating or solving current and future challenges we face in communities,” said Lilian Coral, Knight’s director for national strategy and technology innovation. “Gov Lab’s #Data4Covid19 Review will help us understand the lessons that the pandemic brought to bear about what data is useful, how we collect and share data with the public and what investments need to be made to rise to any future challenges. Philanthropy, community leaders and public officials have much to learn to make more informed and impactful choices that ensure an equitable recovery as communities across the country emerge from the pandemic, and for long-term community building.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6f5c\" id=\"6f5c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Additional information about this project will be published in the coming weeks. Interested parties are invited to subscribe to \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=9440a57cfc&utm_source=Data+Stewards+Network&utm_campaign=358957fad7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2019_05_17_08_37_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_bc6d09925f-358957fad7-87790069\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=9440a57cfc&utm_source=Data+Stewards+Network&utm_campaign=358957fad7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2019_05_17_08_37_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_bc6d09925f-358957fad7-87790069\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Data Stewards Newsletter\u003C/a>, visit our\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://review.data4covid19.org/\" data-href=\"https://review.data4covid19.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Review.data4covid19.org\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>, or contact Stefaan Verhulst, lead of this work at \u003Ca href=\"mailto:sverhulst@thegovlab.org\" data-href=\"mailto:sverhulst@thegovlab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">sverhulst@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b884\" id=\"b884\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">____________________________________________________________________________\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"976d\" id=\"976d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">About The Governance Lab at the NYU Tandon School of Engineering\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"59dd\" id=\"59dd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Governance Lab’s mission is to improve people’s lives by changing the way we govern. Our goal at The GovLab is to strengthen the ability of institutions — including but not limited to governments — and people to work more openly, collaboratively, effectively, and legitimately to make better decisions and solve public problems. We believe that increased availability and use of data, new ways to leverage the capacity, intelligence, and expertise of people in the problem-solving process, combined with new advances in technology and science, can transform governance. We approach each challenge and opportunity in an interdisciplinary, collaborative way, irrespective of the problem, sector, geography, and level of government. For more information, visit \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8371\" id=\"8371\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">About the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a5e4\" id=\"a5e4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">As social investors, the Knight Foundation supports democracy by funding free expression and journalism, arts and culture in community, research in areas of media and democracy, and in the success of American cities and towns where the Knight brothers once published newspapers. Knight’s investments in support of Smart Cities seek to harness the application of digital technology to foster more informed and engaged communities. Learn more at kf.org and follow @knightfdn on social media.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/the-govlab-and-the-knight-foundation-to-create-the-data4covid19-review",{"title":1565,"description":1568},"the-govlab-and-the-knight-foundation-to-create-the-data4covid19-review","blogposts/the-govlab-and-the-knight-foundation-to-create-the-data4covid19-review","fB8AAq0RCQ-q22Q65ziBCNfAsMTk9K7DOmZxknju5no",{"id":1578,"title":1579,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1580,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1581,"description":1582,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1579,"image":1583,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1584,"meta":1585,"navigation":15,"path":1586,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1587,"slug":1588,"startTime":34,"stem":1589,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1590},"blogposts/blogposts/data4covid19-africa-challenge-interview-videos.json","#Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge: Interview Videos",[],"2022-02-01T19:42:50","This piece was originally published on the #Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge site. To learn more about our effort with the French Development…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*TYClRdJi3EKNvriXQyCpRw.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"42d9\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"98af\" id=\"98af\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">#Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge: Interview Videos\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"c27c\" id=\"c27c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This piece was originally published on the #Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge site. To learn more about our effort with the French Development Agency and Expertise France to support data-driven work to address COVID-19 across Africa, visit \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/\" data-href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://datachallenge.africa/\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"7f7b\" id=\"7f7b\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*TYClRdJi3EKNvriXQyCpRw.png\" data-width=\"878\" data-height=\"426\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*TYClRdJi3EKNvriXQyCpRw.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"6973\" id=\"6973\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Almost two years ago, the COVID-19 pandemic forced much of the world into lockdown. Numerous challenges have arisen since. COVID-19 has proven to be not just a health crisis but a crisis with social and economic components as well. The #Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge sought to provide institutions across Africa with the resources and support they needed to develop innovative data solutions to address these challenges.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9034\" id=\"9034\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Today, we are happy to release a series of videos that describe some of that work. Below are two video presentations of the challenge participants — many of them data scientists, health researchers, university professors, and institutional directors — describing how they used data to drive real-world action on the COVID-19 pandemic. Their testimonials provide important context on issues such as data access and quality in enabling work.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0b85\" id=\"0b85\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The first video includes statements from Tricia Govindasamy (Code4Africa), Luis Sagaon Teyssier (IRD and Arcad Santé Plus), and Daouda Coulibaly (National Institute of Public Hygiene of Côte d’Ivoire).\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"fa9a\" id=\"fa9a\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p\">\u003Ciframe src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/AZ6H_AP3_zc?feature=oembed\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"e3ae\" id=\"e3ae\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The second video includes statements from Fabrice Zapfack (data354 and the Félix Houphouët-Boigny National Polytechnic Institute), Jonathan Karl (Busara Center for Behavioral Economics), and Mouhamadou Lamine Ba (Alioune Diop University in Bambey).\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"194f\" id=\"194f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p\">\u003Ciframe src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/cocNIopj9vo?feature=oembed\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"9f03\" id=\"9f03\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure graf--trailing\">Both videos highlight the skills and talent that exist across Africa. We hope you will watch them to understand the value of data in addressing challenges such as COVID-19.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/data4covid19-africa-challenge-interview-videos",{"title":1579,"description":1582},"data4covid19-africa-challenge-interview-videos","blogposts/data4covid19-africa-challenge-interview-videos","sHB2N3iCEat3Nh3QjH0DvCIp42brNUASsbLd3UpOO2Y",{"id":1592,"title":1593,"author":1594,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1595,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1596,"description":1597,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1593,"image":1598,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1599,"meta":1600,"navigation":15,"path":1601,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1602,"slug":1603,"startTime":34,"stem":1604,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1605},"blogposts/blogposts/data-culture-and-cooperation-are-paramount-to-effective-data-for-governance-strategies-takeaways.json","Data Culture and Cooperation are Paramount to Effective Data for Governance Strategies: Takeaways…","Uma Kalkar",[],"2022-01-31T00:00:00","How can data be used to improve governance processes? What role do different stakeholders play in data use across the public sector? Where…","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*RE4w-I9Q-vOGAFt7","\u003Ch1 id=\"data-culture-and-cooperation-are-paramount-to-effective-data-for-governance-strategies-takeaways…\">Data Culture and Cooperation are Paramount to Effective Data for Governance Strategies: Takeaways…\u003C/h1> \u003Ch2 id=\"data-culture-and-cooperation-are-paramount-to-effective-data-for-governance-strategies-takeaways-from-two-expert-panel-sessions-—-part-1\">\u003Cstrong>Data Culture and Cooperation are Paramount to Effective Data for Governance Strategies: Takeaways from Two Expert Panel Sessions — PART 1\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>How can data be used to improve governance processes? What role do different stakeholders play in data use across the public sector? Where do non-profits, watchdogs, and lay citizens fall into the mosaic of data collection, use, and governance to ensure a responsible, inclusive, and accountable data-driven democracy?\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Last month, The GovLab hosted two online panels with experts from multiple sectors and regions to address these issues within the context of the \u003Ca href=\"https://governance.the100questions.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">100 Questions Governance Domain\u003C/a>.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>We share our findings in three parts: the below recaps the first panel, “Building Governance Strategies.” Read more about the other panel, “Doing Data-Driven Democracy Right,” in Part 2 \u003Ca href=\"#\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>. As well, find our “Cross-Cutting Takeaways from the Panels” in Part 3 \u003Ca href=\"#\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Panel 1: Building Data Governance Strategies\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The GovLab’s Co-Founder and Chief Research and Development Officer Stefaan Verhulst moderated a cross-cutting panel featuring:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"https://claudiachwalisz.com/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Claudia Chwalisz\u003C/a>, Innovative Citizen Participation Lead at the OECD;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"https://twitter.com/mikaelbaker\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Mikael Baker\u003C/a>, Senior ICT Advisor for the Innovation, Technology, and Research Hub at the Bureau for Development, Democracy, and Innovation in USAID; and\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"https://asiafoundation.org/people/meghan-nalbo/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Meghan “Meg” Nalbo\u003C/a>, the Nepal Country Representative for the Asia Foundation.\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*RE4w-I9Q-vOGAFt7\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>In this 60-minute conversation, Stefaan and the panel members talked about how different stakeholders utilize data-sharing and data-driven strategies to improve governance.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The full conversation, as well as an overview of the discussion, is available below.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>The Impact of Data in Governmental Decision-Making\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Stefaan started the panel by asking the guests why stakeholders should care about the use of data for governance, and if data has an impact on governance. Mikael answered that data is important and influential in governance, especially for digital transformation and open government initiatives. He mentioned Estonia’s X-Road initiative, an open-source data exchange layer, which allows for interoperability of information between different ministries. This software allows for frictionless data exchange between government agencies to create sector-specific metadata sets more efficiently. Not only does this data sharing help reduce collection resources, it allows for unique recombination for tailored datasets and ultimately, more bespoke governance.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>From a South Asian perspective, Meg noted that data is an important tool because of the growing interactiveness of governing systems. “Data as a point of departure for discussion has dynamic qualities that also really importantly can bring in very diverse voices in interpretation,” she stated. Creating online town halls and forums allows for knowledge generation that is nuanced to the needs of the community and creates participatory policies. For instance, in \u003Ca href=\"https://asiafoundation.org/2019/02/22/the-asia-foundation-supports-nepals-first-women-in-data-conference/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Nepal\u003C/a>, the Asia Foundation supported women in data groups that provide a diverse perspective on datasets not usually considered by governments when making decisions. As well, bringing data to issues such as waste management, disaster management, and health governance satisfies the demand by citizens for informed, innovative, and proactive decision-making.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>For Claudia, data availability allows for deliberative democracy processes, which foster opportunities for diverse groups to understand and evaluate information, leading to better decision-making. “Having that cognitive diversity leads to better decisions than when you have just a homogenous group of experts around the table to make that decision.” Furthermore, involving citizens in decision-making can transform their own lifestyle choices, returning agency to residents and reducing technocratic policy creation.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>The Implications of Data-Driven Transformation\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Stefaan then asked Mikael about how digital transformation and data in governance interplay. Has the discussion around digital transformation become more data-driven? To this end, Mikael responded that data is the backbone of these structures but that digital service delivery and transformation efforts don’t often consider data’s unique needs when it comes to policy design. By implementing data stewards and robust cybersecurity measures, the data within digital systems are better protected.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Turning from a structural point of view to a stakeholder perspective, Stefaan opened the conversation around opportunities to address both the misuse and missed use of data via public engagement. He asked Claudia if and how citizen assemblies can be used to increase public engagement in data use. After explaining what constitutes a citizen assembly — essentially, a forum that allows the public to grapple with complex problems, Claudia emphasized that by bringing residents and their social values and ethics into the fold, the decision-making process becomes more legitimate. She points to the example of \u003Ca href=\"https://www.commissioncanada.ca/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Canada\u003C/a>, where the government commissioned three citizen assemblies on digital expression, pulling together issues of data governance and misinformation.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>These alternative data infrastructures allow for better response and management. However, Stefaan noted that data governance cannot occur without gathering existing data available. Meg highlighted that Nepal just held its first census as a democratic state in November 2021, which will “serve as a baseline” for addressing public problems in a more accountable manner, and show what has (and hasn’t) worked in the transformation to democratic governance. To this end, the Asia Foundation is following how data in governance transformations will affect Nepal to understand where and which groups are more closely involved in the census process. How will Nepal avoid bottlenecks in data handling and sharing? Meg emphasized the need to watch how national and local bodies share data, and the differences between data collection capacity and processes at a municipal level.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>In addition to institutional capabilities, emerging data-driven governance faces political roadblocks. “The questions that data answers,” Stefaan said, “is already a political kind of discussion.” Claudia jumped in to underscore that “data is not neutral” and citizen assemblies should not strive for balanced information. Rather, she believes that the diversity and breadth of data and stakeholders involved in the data collection are key for holistic deliberation. As laid out in the OECD’s \u003Ca href=\"https://www.oecd.org/gov/open-government/good-practice-principles-for-deliberative-processes-for-public-decision-making.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Good Practice Principles for Deliberative Processes for Public Decision Making\u003C/a>, citizen assemblies need to allow participants with ample time and avenues to request more information where needed. This way, the decisions ultimately undertaken can be justified in a transparent and accountable manner, increasing government legitimacy.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>The Need for Data Collaboratives\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Next, Stefaan noted that bringing multiple stakeholders and their data together is challenging. The GovLab is actively creating \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">data collaboratives\u003C/a>, a new form of public-private data-sharing partnerships to reduce cross-sectoral information silos. He asked Mikael about strategies to nurture these partnerships.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>“This is a tough nut to crack,” Mikael started. “In many cases, it isn’t an issue of not enough data existing, it’s that the data aren’t available and aren’t shared between stakeholders.” He affirmed the need for public-private partnerships to reduce the fragmentation of data ecosystems and move towards an inclusive culture around data. However, politics between ministries and sectors exacerbate issues of data hoarding, and steps needed to clean and combine data are very resource-intensive. To address the root of this problem, Mikael emphasized the need to foster a working culture of data literacy and scale-up shared data programs. USAID has been working at this intersection to see how open data-sharing structures can help better educate students and grow their data skills.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Stefaan then asked Meg about how to responsibly work with data in areas where the government isn’t always trusted. Meg underscored the importance of system design and data culture that nurtures the “disruptors, protectors, and incrementalists.” She explained how disruptors are most common at local government levels in Nepal, who are community leaders eager to make change. Atomic changes allow for incremental shifts that challenge the status quo and legacy systems in a more impactful and sustainable way. Finally, Meg noted the need to protect those who are marginalized by data and ensure representativeness in the data governance process.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>The Panelists’ Most Important Question from the Top Ten Governance Domain List\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Lastly, Stefaan asked each of the guests to state their \u003Ca href=\"https://governance.the100questions.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">top question\u003C/a> of the Governance Domain’s priority list.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Mikael chose \u003Cem>“If citizens have greater access to data and information, does that mobilize them to take action and engage politically? Under what circumstances does that happen?”\u003C/em> to understand how opening up the active data players can create change.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Claudia wanted to know \u003Cem>“How can democracies achieve inclusion more effectively, in terms of both process (how decisions are made, whose voices count), and outcomes (how resources, prosperity and well-being are distributed)?”\u003C/em> because this question reframes both the problem of data and democratic (in)action.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>From her experiences working on data in governance, Meg believes that a more human-centered approach is vital for better strategies. She selected \u003Cem>“Which populations/groups are not represented in data that is collected and used for formal government decision-making? Who is most at risk of being excluded from consideration with the rise in data innovations?”\u003C/em> to spot and mitigate biases.\u003C/p> \u003Chr> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>About The 100 Questions Governance Domain\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cem>In 2021,\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem>The GovLab\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>, along with partners from\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://asiafoundation.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"> \u003Cem>The Asia Foundation\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>, the\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.csis.or.id/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"> \u003Cem>Centre for Strategic and International Studies, Indonesia\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>, and the\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://bigd.bracu.ac.bd/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"> \u003Cem>BRAC Institute of Governance and Development\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>, launched the\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://governance.the100questions.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"> \u003Cem>Governance Domain\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>. This domain marks the sixth installment of the\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://the100questions.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"> \u003Cem>100 Questions Initiative\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>, a cross-sectoral project that seeks to collaboratively map the 100 most pressing, high-impact questions. Unlike traditional problem-solving methods, which formulate questions based on the data already available, the 100 Questions challenges “bilinguals’’ — a global cohort of subject matter and data science experts from across industries — and the public to focus on defining the problem first, then seeking out the data that could help address the issues. By taking a demand-driven approach to policymaking, this approach identifies which issues are the most urgent and lays the foundation to build\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"> \u003Cem>data collaboratives\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>, a new form of public-private partnerships that harness intersectoral data for public good.\u003C/em>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Professionals interested in collaborating are encouraged to send an email to \u003Ca href=\"mailto:contact@the100questions.org\">contact@the100questions.org\u003C/a> or fill out this \u003Ca href=\"https://the100questions.org/contact.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">form\u003C/a>. For more information about the 100 Questions Initiative, visit \u003Ca href=\"http://www.the100questions.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">www.the100questions.org\u003C/a>, or contact Stefaan Verhulst, lead of the initiative at \u003Ca href=\"mailto:sverhulst@thegovlab.org\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">sverhulst@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/data-culture-and-cooperation-are-paramount-to-effective-data-for-governance-strategies-takeaways",{"title":1593,"description":1597},"data-culture-and-cooperation-are-paramount-to-effective-data-for-governance-strategies-takeaways","blogposts/data-culture-and-cooperation-are-paramount-to-effective-data-for-governance-strategies-takeaways","sM4JRqKobcrkTIL2Kn00UxlA4vQ5jeQMbAiBZ9xziIA",{"id":1607,"title":1608,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1609,"body":34,"category":44,"date":1610,"description":1611,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1608,"image":1612,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1613,"meta":1614,"navigation":15,"path":1615,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1616,"slug":1617,"startTime":34,"stem":1618,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1619},"blogposts/blogposts/data-re-use-and-collaboration-for-development.json","Data Re-Use and Collaboration for Development",[],"2022-01-19T03:28:58","The OECD recently released its Development Co-operation Report 2021. Stefaan G. Verhulst contributed a chapter...","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Ee_7xOBFCyE3POIE","\n\u003Csection name=\"1878\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"9054\" id=\"9054\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Data Re-Use and Collaboration for Development\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"61a0\" id=\"61a0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">By Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b0d0\" id=\"b0d0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This article was originally published in Data & Policy, the peer-reviewed, open-access venue dedicated to the potential of data science to address important policy challenges.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3ade\" id=\"3ade\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">***\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"bdd7\" id=\"bdd7\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*Ee_7xOBFCyE3POIE\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"667\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Ee_7xOBFCyE3POIE\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Markus Spiske/\u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/eo3Xr2yhYVw\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/eo3Xr2yhYVw\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Unsplash\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"461b\" id=\"461b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The OECD recently released its \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.oecd.org/dac/development-co-operation-report-20747721.htm\" data-href=\"https://www.oecd.org/dac/development-co-operation-report-20747721.htm\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Development Co-operation Report 2021\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">. \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.org/stefaan-verhulst.html\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.org/stefaan-verhulst.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Stefaan G. Verhulst\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> (Co-Founder of GovLab & one of the Editors-in-Chief of \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\" data-href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data & Policy\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">) contributed a chapter “\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/development/development-co-operation-report-2021_b34be3e0-en\" data-href=\"https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/development/development-co-operation-report-2021_b34be3e0-en\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Reusing data responsibly to achieve development goals\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">,” which explores ways in which data can be harnessed for development, with a particular emphasis on the potential of data reuse and data collaboratives. In the blog below he seeks to summarize the key points toward operationalizing governance structures and frameworks for data collaboration to unlock the potential of digital data for development.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"5e58\" id=\"5e58\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">I. Data Asymmetries are holding back the Use of Data for Development\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"fd87\" id=\"fd87\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">It is often pointed out that we live in an era of unprecedented data, and that data holds great promise for development. Yet equally often overlooked is the fact that, as in so many domains, there exist tremendous inequalities and asymmetries in where this data is generated, and how it is accessed. The gap that separates high-income from low-income countries is among the most important (or at least most persistent) of these asymmetries.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"5259\" id=\"5259\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*ny4rgNK2ZRZhVQ_m.jpeg\" data-width=\"500\" data-height=\"195\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*ny4rgNK2ZRZhVQ_m.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Image: Adobe Stock\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"fb40\" id=\"fb40\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure\">II. Data collaboratives offer a model for responsible reuse of data\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"3cdf\" id=\"3cdf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Data collaboratives are an emerging form of public-private partnership that, when designed responsibly, can offer a potentially innovative solution to this problem. Data collaboratives offer at least three key benefits for developing countries:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e418\" id=\"e418\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">1. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Cost Efficiencies:\u003C/strong> Data and data analytic capacity are often hugely expensive and beyond the limited capacities of many low-income countries. Data reuse, facilitated by data collaboratives, can bring down the cost of data initiatives for development projects.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f878\" id=\"f878\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">2. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Fresh insights for better policy: \u003C/strong>Combining data from various sources by breaking down silos has the potential to lead to new and innovative insights that can help policy makers make better decisions. Digital data can also be triangulated with existing, more traditional sources of information (e.g., census data) to generate new insights and help verify the accuracy of information.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a071\" id=\"a071\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">3. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Overcoming inequalities and asymmetries: \u003C/strong>Social and economic inequalities, both within and among countries, are often mapped onto data inequalities. Data collaboratives can help ease some of these inequalities and asymmetries, for example by allowing costs and analytical tools and techniques to be pooled. Cloud computing, which allows information and technical tools to be easily shared and accessed, are an important example. They can play a vital role in enabling the transfer of skills and technologies between low-income and high-income countries.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"12be\" id=\"12be\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">III. Concerns over governance and misuse of data stymie greater collaboration\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"a2b5\" id=\"a2b5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Despite their clear potential and growing use around the world, data collaboratives remain relatively rare in low- and middle-income countries. Several obstacles to their greater dissemination exist, most related to concerns over weak regulation, potential misuses of shared data, and a limited evidence base to make the case for data reuse.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"16b0\" id=\"16b0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Broadly, the challenges to greater data collaboration fall into three main categories:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"12ce\" id=\"12ce\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">1. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Finding the right governance model: \u003C/strong>Designing regulatory and institutional frameworks that can unleash the positive potential of data while limiting their potential for harm remains a tremendous challenge. To the extent such frameworks exist, they often suffer from regulatory capture, political pressures, and insufficient knowledge or skills on the part of policymakers. These problems are often particularly acute in low-income countries, where regulatory capacity and independence tend to be weaker.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"faa3\" id=\"faa3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">2. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Addressing concerns about misuse:\u003C/strong> Concerns over data misuse and privacy — often very valid — remain one of the most significant obstacles to greater data collaboration. A multi-pronged strategy to address such concerns is needed, one that would focus on raising awareness and establishing effective institutional and legal frameworks to ensure accountability and responsible data reuse.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"55f6\" id=\"55f6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">3. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Building and sharing evidence from data reuse\u003C/strong>: Despite mounting evidence about the potential of data reuse and collaboration for development, much remains unknown. A more systematized knowledge base, consisting of key examples and lessons learned, could help reduce duplication of effort and inform more successful initiatives.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"de18\" id=\"de18\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">IV. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Maximising the positive potential of data reuse\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"156c\" id=\"156c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In order to overcome obstacles to data collaboration, we require a new governance framework. Such a framework would help maximize the benefits of data reuse and collaboration, while limiting potential harms. Although still incipient, the shape of a responsible data reuse governance framework is beginning to come into view. Among its three most important components:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a17a\" id=\"a17a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">1. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Replace outdated data governance mechanisms and structures:\u003C/strong> Existing models and policies to protect privacy are largely outdated, and too often predicated on a risk reduction rather than a rewards maximisation approach. Policymakers need new ways of balancing risk and reward, reinvigorated institutional models and forms, and fresh ways of ensuring accountability. Some of the measures to be considered include innovative risk assessment and mitigation methods to better balance risk and reward; data responsibility by design approaches to ensure in-built privacy and other protections; a global governance framework to smooths cross-border data flows; and greater public engagement through citizen assemblies, awareness-raising campaigns and educational strategies.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"35b2\" id=\"35b2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">2. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Improve decision-making with a new science of questions:\u003C/strong> Currently, data sharing is largely a reactive process, driven less by public need than by what data happen to be available or shared. Data collaboration can have more impact if it is driven by demand rather than supply. This entails asking the right questions to identify priorities and share data accordingly. Indeed, we propose \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">a new science of questions\u003C/em> that would help identify priorities and needs, and provide a more systematic and unbiased way to allocate often scarce resources (a particular concern in low-income countries).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f20c\" id=\"f20c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">3. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Increased human capacity:\u003C/strong> Although there exist a variety of technical means to help strengthen a framework for data reuse, data governance ultimately relies on people. Low-income countries in particular need support to bolster their human capacity to oversee responsible and systemic data sharing. This goal can be achieved through a number of steps, including: better training and education; more targeted capacity building that addresses a wider segment of the population (e.g., journalists and business leaders in addition to policymakers); and the creation of new institutional positions within organizations so as to better ensure accountability and oversight of data and data sharing initiatives.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d8e4\" id=\"d8e4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">V. Conclusion: Data governance frameworks to support sustainable development\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ccbb\" id=\"ccbb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Our research strongly suggests that data can lead to more informed and better targeted policies, and that reusing data in collaborative partnerships can be a particularly cost-effective way to generate new insights and decisions on development. We find that both the promise and the challenges posed by data access and data reuse are heightened in low-income countries, where limited human and financial resources can undermine data governance, fail to protect privacy and prevent data misuse, and miss opportunities to improve the well-being of their citizens.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2a1c\" id=\"2a1c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In conclusion, we therefore strongly argue for establishing and operationalising a framework for responsible, systemic and sustainable data reuse. Updated and innovative governance mechanisms to manage data can proactively address risks and maximise the positive potential of data in development initiatives. Importantly, these governance mechanisms need to be developed in a strategic and collaborative way, recognising the role that citizens and experts have to play in shaping policy frameworks as well as establishing trust and buy-in within the broader data ecology. Only with such trust can low-income countries succeed in maximising the potential of data in pursuit of development goals.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"885b\" id=\"885b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">*****\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e568\" id=\"e568\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\" data-href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data & Policy\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>is a peer-reviewed open access journal published by Cambridge University Press in association with the \u003Ca href=\"https://dataforpolicy.org/\" data-href=\"https://dataforpolicy.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Data for Policy Conference\u003C/a>. Read \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy/listing?q=&searchWithinIds=46CDA9F399554E6B3AB5E4821C6A4B43&aggs%5bproductTypes%5d%5bfilters%5d=JOURNAL_ARTICLE\" data-href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy/listing?q=&searchWithinIds=46CDA9F399554E6B3AB5E4821C6A4B43&aggs%5bproductTypes%5d%5bfilters%5d=JOURNAL_ARTICLE\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the latest articles\u003C/a>, find us on Twitter \u003Ca href=\"https://twitter.com/data_and_policy\" data-href=\"https://twitter.com/data_and_policy\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">@data_and_policy\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/login\" data-href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/login\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">sign-up for content alerts\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/data-re-use-and-collaboration-for-development",{"title":1608,"description":1611},"data-re-use-and-collaboration-for-development","blogposts/data-re-use-and-collaboration-for-development","0UdiKP5NyeJmZZLyja7YS7gv69VJYJLdTSwlgV1NmAo",{"id":1621,"title":1622,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1623,"body":34,"category":99,"date":1624,"description":1625,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1622,"image":1626,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1627,"meta":1628,"navigation":15,"path":1629,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1630,"slug":1631,"startTime":34,"stem":1632,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1633},"blogposts/blogposts/mass-computer-generated-and-fraudulent-comments.json","MASS, COMPUTER-GENERATED, AND FRAUDULENT COMMENTS",[],"2022-01-10T18:16:49","This report was prepared for the consideration of the Administrative Conference of the United States. The following is a brief excerpt from…","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/a5d799fe-b713-4366-a491-5a69fd9b5ea2","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"524f\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">MASS, COMPUTER-GENERATED, AND FRAUDULENT COMMENTS\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"3c32\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This report was prepared for the consideration of the Administrative Conference of the United States. The following is a brief excerpt from the report, the full version of which can be found \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.acus.gov/sites/default/files/documents/Final%20Report%20on%20Mass%2C%20Computer-Generated%2C%20and%20Fraudulent%20Comments%20%28Final%2006-01-2021%29_0.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.acus.gov/sites/default/files/documents/Final%20Report%20on%20Mass%2C%20Computer-Generated%2C%20and%20Fraudulent%20Comments%20%28Final%2006-01-2021%29_0.pdf\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6959\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">By Steve Balla, Reeve Bull, Bridget Dooling, Emily Hammond, Michael Herz, Michael Livermore & Beth Simone Noveck\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2d5b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Executive Summary\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8328\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This report explores three forms of commenting in federal rulemaking that have been enabled by technological advances: mass, fraudulent, and computer-generated comments. Mass comments arise when an agency receives a much larger number of comments in a rulemaking than it typically would (e.g., thousands when the agency typically receives a few dozen). The report focuses on a particular type of mass comment response, which it terms a “mass comment campaign,” in which organizations orchestrate the submission of large numbers of identical or nearly identical comments. Fraudulent comments, which we refer to as “malattributed comments” as discussed below, refer to comments falsely attributed to persons by whom they were not, in fact, submitted. Computer-generated comments are generated not by humans, but rather by software algorithms. Although software is the product of human actions, algorithms obviate the need for humans to generate the content of comments and submit comments to agencies.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ba42\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This report examines the legal, practical, and technical issues associated with processing and responding to mass, fraudulent, and computer-generated comments. There are cross-cutting issues that apply to each of these three types of comments. First, the nature of such comments may make it difficult for agencies to extract useful information. Second, there are a suite of risks related to harming public perceptions about the legitimacy of particular rules and the rulemaking process overall. Third, technology-enabled comments present agencies with resource challenges.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a6c9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The report also considers issues that are unique to each type of comment. With respect to mass comments, it addresses the challenges associated with receiving large numbers of comments and, in particular, batches of comments that are identical or nearly identical. It looks at how agencies can use technologies to help process comments received and at how agencies can most effectively communicate with public commenters to ensure that they understand the purpose of the notice-and-comment process and the particular considerations unique to processing mass comment responses. Fraudulent, or malattributed, comments raise legal issues both in criminal and Administrative Procedure Act (APA) domains. They also have the potential to mislead an agency and pose harms to individuals. Computer-generated comments may raise legal issues in light of the APA’s stipulation that “interested persons” are granted the opportunity to comment on proposed rules. Practically, it can be difficult for agencies to distinguish computer-generated comments from traditional comments (i.e., those submitted by humans without the use of software algorithms).\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5315\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">While technology creates challenges, it also offers opportunities to help regulatory officials gather public input and draw greater insights from that input. The report summarizes several innovative forms of public participation that leverage technology to supplement the notice and comment rulemaking process.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"582e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">The report closes with a set of recommendations for agencies to address the challenges and opportunities associated with new technologies that bear on the rulemaking process. These recommendations cover steps that agencies can take with respect to technology, coordination, and docket management.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/mass-computer-generated-and-fraudulent-comments",{"title":1622,"description":1625},"mass-computer-generated-and-fraudulent-comments","blogposts/mass-computer-generated-and-fraudulent-comments","AFrPuXOWR0gGgig8hSyZNjFt0emmhCCqvLCP01E6pB8",{"id":1635,"title":1636,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1637,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1638,"description":1639,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1636,"image":1640,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1641,"meta":1642,"navigation":15,"path":1643,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1644,"slug":1645,"startTime":34,"stem":1646,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1647},"blogposts/blogposts/2021-year-in-review-chronological-overview-of-curated-highlights.json","2021 Year in Review: Chronological Overview of Curated Highlights",[],"2021-12-16T14:49:00","This piece is a supplement to The GovLab’s 2021 Year in Review blog, which provides an overview of some of the major research conducted by…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*S_RC3j4MfvfRNNtz","\n\u003Csection name=\"512f\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"8f7d\" id=\"8f7d\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">2021 Year in Review: Chronological Overview of Curated Highlights\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"f33e\" id=\"f33e\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*S_RC3j4MfvfRNNtz\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"667\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*S_RC3j4MfvfRNNtz\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Photo: Unsplash/\u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/52gEprMkp7M\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/52gEprMkp7M\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Dennis Kummer\u003C/a> is licensed under \u003Ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\" data-href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CC0\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"5c72\" id=\"5c72\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This piece is a supplement to The GovLab’s \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/2021-in-review-advancing-the-third-wave-of-open-data-in-a-responsible-way-4d4dbab56f66\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/2021-in-review-advancing-the-third-wave-of-open-data-in-a-responsible-way-4d4dbab56f66\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">2021 Year in Review\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> blog, which provides an overview of some of the major research conducted by during the 2021 year. Unlike the other piece, which arranges research according to each part of the \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Third Wave of Open Data\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, this piece records developments chronologically.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0e64\" id=\"0e64\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">JANUARY\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"c77c\" id=\"c77c\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*vb2VU4FylZaGuxYz\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"877\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*vb2VU4FylZaGuxYz\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"3141\" id=\"3141\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">100 Questions Future of Work Domain\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"956c\" id=\"956c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Generating a sound framing for what the future of work entails (and does not entail) is notoriously difficult and poses a monumental challenge to policymakers tasked with preparing for — and responding to — the future of work. Recognition of this need was the impetus for the \u003Ca href=\"https://future-of-work.the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://future-of-work.the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">100 Questions Future of Work Domain. The GovLab and its partner, The Bertelsmann Foundation, \u003C/a>\u003Ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1P4vMwPhC05hjdamWsKA-PS5DmDH-I4XO/view\" data-href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1P4vMwPhC05hjdamWsKA-PS5DmDH-I4XO/view\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">published a report\u003C/a>\u003Ca href=\"https://future-of-work.the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://future-of-work.the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> providing an overview of the Future of Work domain for prospective partner organizations and stakeholders. It details the steps in the project, the methodology used, and it ends with a listing of the questions developed and potential next steps for the effort.\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"eb4e\" id=\"eb4e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">#Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e289\" id=\"e289\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“The \u003Ca href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/\" data-href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">#Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge\u003C/a> was an initiative by The Govlab, Expertise France, and l’Agence française de développement (AFD) to mitigate these issues by spurring innovative, data-driven work to address COVID-19 and its secondary effects. We invited intersectoral teams (representing academic, government, and nonprofit actors) specializing in data analysis to submit proposals for funding for innovative projects that addressed challenges associated with COVID-19. We then supported seven of these groups over a six-month period as they unlocked datasets, worked with other actors in the field, and tried to translate their insights into action.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"284e\" id=\"284e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Living Library’s Selected Readings Series: \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/inaccurate-data-half-truths-disinformation-and-mob-violence-39a69279e0b0\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/inaccurate-data-half-truths-disinformation-and-mob-violence-39a69279e0b0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Inaccurate Data, Half-Truths, Disinformation, and Mob Violence\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> by Fiona Cece, Uma Kalkar, and Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c0b9\" id=\"c0b9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“As part of an ongoing effort to build a knowledge base for the field of improving governance through technology, The GovLab publishes a series of Selected Readings, which provide an annotated and curated collection of recommended works on themes such as open data, data collaboration, and civic technology. Below, we provide a curation of findings and readings that illustrate the global danger of inaccurate data, half-truths, and willful disinformation.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c4e8\" id=\"c4e8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">FEBRUARY\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"18b6\" id=\"18b6\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*D315tblyQUSGThgd\" data-width=\"1400\" data-height=\"787\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*D315tblyQUSGThgd\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"0707\" id=\"0707\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">AI Ethics: Global Perspectives\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"94bb\" id=\"94bb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The GovLab, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Global AI Ethics Consortium (GAIEC), Center for Responsible AI @ NYU (R/AI), and the TUM Institute for Ethics in Artificial Intelligence (IEAI) jointly launched the free, online course,\u003Ca href=\"https://aiethicscourse.org/index.html\" data-href=\"https://aiethicscourse.org/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> AI Ethics: Global Perspectives.\u003C/a> Designed for a global audience, it conveys the breadth and depth of the ongoing interdisciplinary conversation on AI ethics. This course seeks to bring together diverse perspectives from 20 experts across the field of ethical AI, to raise awareness and help institutions work towards more responsible use.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8783\" id=\"8783\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Emerging Uses of Technology for Development: A New Intelligence Paradigm\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4de8\" id=\"4de8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“The GovLab and French Development Agency (AFD) published the report \u003Ca href=\"https://www.afd.fr/en/ressources/emerging-uses-technology-development-new-intelligence-paradigm?utm_term=0_d90a01c7ff-7fe1727fd3-87819641\" data-href=\"https://www.afd.fr/en/ressources/emerging-uses-technology-development-new-intelligence-paradigm?utm_term=0_d90a01c7ff-7fe1727fd3-87819641\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Emerging Uses of Technology for Development: A New Intelligence Paradigm\u003C/a>, written by Peter Martey Addo, Dominik Baumann, Juliet McMurren, Stefaan G. Verhulst, Andrew Young, and Andrew J. Zahuranec. This paper examines how development practitioners can experiment with emerging forms of technology to advance development goals.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e068\" id=\"e068\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">100 Questions Governance Domain\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f0e4\" id=\"f0e4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The GovLab at NYU Tandon, alongside the Asia Foundation, the Centre for Strategic and International Studies in Indonesia, and the BRAC Institute of Governance and Development have launched the \u003Ca href=\"https://governance.the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://governance.the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Governance Domain of the 100 Questions Initiative\u003C/a>. This domain looks at governance, seeking to find ways data can make governance more efficient, effective, and equitable. The public voting phase of the Governance Domain seeks input on which questions around data use in governance are the most pressing. The public voting closes December 31, 2021.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4759\" id=\"4759\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">MARCH\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"3d57\" id=\"3d57\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*T7wVl88pz6tBHoHi\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"470\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*T7wVl88pz6tBHoHi\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"f9d8\" id=\"f9d8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Data Responsibility Journey Mapping Tool\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5554\" id=\"5554\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The GovLab launched the public beta of \u003Ca href=\"https://dataresponsibilityjourney.org/?utm_source=Digest&utm_campaign=345e0eae33-RSS_EMAIL_CAMPAIGN&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_d90a01c7ff-345e0eae33-87819641\" data-href=\"https://dataresponsibilityjourney.org/?utm_source=Digest&utm_campaign=345e0eae33-RSS_EMAIL_CAMPAIGN&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_d90a01c7ff-345e0eae33-87819641\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Data Responsibility Journey Mapping Tool\u003C/a>, designed to help Data Stewards and other decision-makers assess and mitigate risks across the lifecycle of a data collaborative. The tool guides users through important questions and considerations across the lifecycle of data stewardship and collaboration: Planning, Collecting, Processing, Sharing, Analyzing, and Using.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"87ac\" id=\"87ac\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Third Wave of Open Data Toolkit\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"304e\" id=\"304e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“The GovLab’s Open Data Policy Lab initiative released \u003Ca href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/The-Third-Wave-of-Open-Data-Toolkit.pdf?utm_source=Digest&utm_campaign=c0a687ac70-RSS_EMAIL_CAMPAIGN&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_d90a01c7ff-c0a687ac70-87819641\" data-href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/The-Third-Wave-of-Open-Data-Toolkit.pdf?utm_source=Digest&utm_campaign=c0a687ac70-RSS_EMAIL_CAMPAIGN&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_d90a01c7ff-c0a687ac70-87819641\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Third Wave of Open Data Toolkit\u003C/a>. The toolkit — co-authored by Andrew Young, Andrew J. Zahuranec, Stefaan G. Verhulst and Kateryna Gazaryan — builds off our report on the Third Wave of Open Data to support “the work of data stewards, responsible data leaders at public, private, and civil society organizations empowered to seek new ways to create public value through cross-sector data collaboration” and features eight actions items that outline “specific operational guidance on how to foster responsible, effective, and purpose-driven re-use.””\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1006\" id=\"1006\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Open data in action: initiatives during the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2e77\" id=\"2e77\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“The Governance Lab and OECD released \u003Ca href=\"https://www.oecd.org/gov/digital-government/open-data-in-action-initiatives-during-the-initial-stage-of-the-covid-19-pandemic.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.oecd.org/gov/digital-government/open-data-in-action-initiatives-during-the-initial-stage-of-the-covid-19-pandemic.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open data in action: initiatives during the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic\u003C/a>. Building off The GovLab’s Call for Action to unleash the power of data collaboration for COVID-19, this report examines a number of open government data (OGD) initiatives “used to react and respond to the COVID-19 pandemic during the initial stage of the crisis (March-July 2020)”. It also seeks to transform lessons learned into considerations for policy makers on how to improve OGD policies to better prepare for future shocks.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"29ed\" id=\"29ed\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">#Data4COVID19 Mobility Repository\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0184\" id=\"0184\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“The GovLab, in partnership with Cuebiq and with support from the Open Data Institute, published a \u003Ca href=\"https://mobility.data4covid19.org/\" data-href=\"https://mobility.data4covid19.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">repository of data collaboratives\u003C/a> that use mobility data, passively collected data about the location of a device, for COVID-19 responses.” The reasoning behind the development of the repository can be found in a report by the partners titled \u003Ca href=\"http://theodi.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Data4COVID19_0329_v3.pdf\" data-href=\"http://theodi.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Data4COVID19_0329_v3.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“The Use of Mobility Data for Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic”\u003C/a>. The report explains how data on mobility have been collected and used to track the spread of COVID-19 and various responses to the pandemic.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2054\" id=\"2054\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Use of Mobility Data for Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4919\" id=\"4919\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://theodi.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Data4COVID19_0318.pdf\" data-href=\"http://theodi.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Data4COVID19_0318.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“The Use of Mobility Data for Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic”\u003C/a> was developed in a partnership between The GovLab, the Open Data Institute and Cuebiq. Written by Aditi Ramesh, Andrew Young, Andrew Zahuranec, Stefaan Verhulst, Brennan Lake, Ben Snaith and Olivier Thereaux, the report explains how data on mobility have been collected and used to track the spread of COVID-19 and various responses to the pandemic. It offers nine strategies to improve the re-use of mobility data to strengthen responses to the pandemic.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cde1\" id=\"cde1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">APRIL\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"2c1f\" id=\"2c1f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*fy3S8BLiNFe-Qba3\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"745\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*fy3S8BLiNFe-Qba3\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"eaef\" id=\"eaef\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Data Stewards Academy\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6efd\" id=\"6efd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In April 2021, the GovLab, through its Open Data Policy Lab Initiative, launched \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/academy/data-reuse-strategy/syllabus-2021/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/academy/data-reuse-strategy/syllabus-2021/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Data Stewards Academy\u003C/a>, a self-directed learning program intended to support data stewards in creating public value through data collaboration. The program is adapted from a selective \u003Ca href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Executive Course on Data Stewardship\u003C/a>, an 8-week accelerated learning program to support public and private sector leaders to open data and reduce data access inequities in ways that advance their institution’s goals. The learning materials guide data stewards (and aspiring data stewards) through the process of designing and implementing a data reuse strategy for solving public problems. After this first successful experience, the second and third cohorts of students were launched.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"398b\" id=\"398b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">MAY\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"d8ef\" id=\"d8ef\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*VhnF1tqVS2SMhguO\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"519\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*VhnF1tqVS2SMhguO\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"7961\" id=\"7961\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">​​\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">PLACE Data Trust\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e6bb\" id=\"e6bb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“The GovLab and Future State, with support from the Rockefeller Foundation, are partnering with PLACE to design a new operational and governance approach to create, store, and access mapping data through a \u003Ca href=\"https://www.thisisplace.org/blog-1/introducingplace/establishing-a-data-trust\" data-href=\"https://www.thisisplace.org/blog-1/introducingplace/establishing-a-data-trust\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Data Trust\u003C/a>. On March 23, 2021, we hosted a kick off workshop with various non-profit and private sector stakeholders, where we focused on key governance questions when considering how to turn the theory of data trusts into practice.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"712a\" id=\"712a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">JUNE\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"019f\" id=\"019f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*IoE2e5Avzj5Isycv\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"876\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*IoE2e5Avzj5Isycv\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"b424\" id=\"b424\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">100 Questions Food Systems Sustainability Domain\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ba82\" id=\"ba82\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Together with the Barilla Foundation, and the Center for European Policy Studies, the GovLab launched the \u003Ca href=\"https://food.the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://food.the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Food Systems Sustainability Domain of the 100 Questions Initiative\u003C/a>. It seeks to identify the 10 most impactful questions that will help make our food systems healthier for us, and the planet. “To make food production, distribution, and consumption healthier for people, animals, and the environment, we need to redesign today’s food systems. Data and data science can help us develop sustainable solutions — but only if we manage to define those questions that matter.” (Read more about it in \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/help-us-identify-how-data-can-make-food-healthier-for-us-and-the-environment-3907bdaaafeb\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/help-us-identify-how-data-can-make-food-healthier-for-us-and-the-environment-3907bdaaafeb\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">Fiona Cece’s piece\u003C/a>).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e275\" id=\"e275\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">AI Localism Repository\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5fa1\" id=\"5fa1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Early last year, The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst and Mona Sloane coined the term “AI localism” to describe how local governments have stepped up to regulate AI policies, design governance frameworks, and monitor AI use in the public sector. The \u003Ca href=\"https://list.ailocalism.org/\" data-href=\"https://list.ailocalism.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">AI Localism repository\u003C/a> is a curated collection of AI localism initiatives across the globe categorized by geographic regions, types of technological and governmental innovation in AI regulation, mechanisms of governance, and sector focus.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c4d6\" id=\"c4d6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Living Library’s Selected Readings Series: \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/selected-readings-on-the-use-of-artificial-intelligence-in-the-public-sector/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/selected-readings-on-the-use-of-artificial-intelligence-in-the-public-sector/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Selected Readings on the Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Public Sector\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> by Kateryna Gazaryan and Uma Kalkar\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a9a5\" id=\"a9a5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“As part of an ongoing effort to build a knowledge base for the field of improving governance through technology, The GovLab publishes a series of Selected Readings, which provide an annotated and curated collection of recommended works on themes such as open data, data collaboration, and civic technology. This curated and annotated collection of recommended works focuses on algorithms and artificial intelligence in the public sector.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9443\" id=\"9443\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">JULY\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"7643\" id=\"7643\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*Rgru3C3PocFQntaO\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"527\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Rgru3C3PocFQntaO\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"12fe\" id=\"12fe\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Responsible Data for Children (RD4C) initiative — Second Phase:\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"96b1\" id=\"96b1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In 2021, the \u003Ca href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/announcement-announcing-the-next-phase-of-rd4c/index.html\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/announcement-announcing-the-next-phase-of-rd4c/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">second phase\u003C/a> of the \u003Ca href=\"https://rd4c.org/files/rd4c-report-final.pdf\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/files/rd4c-report-final.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Responsible Data for Children Initiative (RD4C)\u003C/a> was launched. RD4C aims to advance best practice in data responsibility; identify challenges and develop practical tools to assist practitioners in evaluating and addressing them; and encourage a broader discussion on actionable principles, insights, and approaches for responsible data management. In the initiative’s second phase, The GovLab and UNICEF continue to promote and enable the use of \u003Ca href=\"https://rd4c.org/principles/\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/principles/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">RD4C Principles\u003C/a>; develop and test a new methodology and platform for auditing data systems; develop detailed case studies on diverse, instructive uses of data from across the UNICEF ecosystem; and regularly disseminate new insights and findings through the newly established \u003Ca href=\"https://rd4c.org/blog/\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/blog/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">RD4C Blog\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d4ff\" id=\"d4ff\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data & Policy’s Special Collection: Telco Big Data Analytics for COVID-19\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e525\" id=\"e525\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\" data-href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data & Policy\u003C/em>\u003C/a> is an open access journal by Cambridge University Press. The journal’s editors-in-chief are: Zeynip Engin (UCL & Data for Policy, UK), Jon Crowcroft (University of Cambridge & Alan Turing Institute, UK) and Stefaan Verhulst (The GovLab, New York University, USA). This year, they released two Special Collections of peer-reviewed, open access articles on specific data-related challenges guest edited by experts from the respective fields. Guest Edited by Richard Benjamins (Telefónica) and Jeanine Vos (GSMA) with editor-in-chief Stefaan Verhulst, the first special collection, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy/special-collections/telco-big-data-analytics-for-covid-19\" data-href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy/special-collections/telco-big-data-analytics-for-covid-19\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Telco Big Data Analytics for COVID-19\u003C/a>, looks at the opportunities and challenges offered by mobile big data in the fight against COVID-19. The collection consists of 5 papers from 33 researchers and experts from different sectors around the world.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bb30\" id=\"bb30\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">ODPL City Incubator:\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9f26\" id=\"9f26\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The GovLab’s \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/a> launched the \u003Ca href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/?utm_source=Digest&utm_campaign=f0b15a6576-RSS_EMAIL_CAMPAIGN&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_d90a01c7ff-f0b15a6576-87819641\" data-href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/?utm_source=Digest&utm_campaign=f0b15a6576-RSS_EMAIL_CAMPAIGN&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_d90a01c7ff-f0b15a6576-87819641\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">City Incubator\u003C/a> in July 2021. This is a first-of-its-kind program to support data innovations in cities’ success and scale, the City Incubator is giving 10 city officials access to hands-on training and access to mentors to take their ideas to the next level. It enables cutting edge work on various urban challenges and empowers officials to create \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/track/click?u=1a990feb5c&id=12c67a9e86&e=a9c04e01ec\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/track/click?u=1a990feb5c&id=12c67a9e86&e=a9c04e01ec\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">data collaboratives\u003C/a>, data-sharing agreements, and other systems. This work is supported by Microsoft, Mastercard City Possible, Luminate, NYU CUSP and the Public Sector Network.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"07d8\" id=\"07d8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">AUGUST\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"8628\" id=\"8628\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*Gkzo2-gJnEZnlKa8\" data-width=\"957\" data-height=\"557\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Gkzo2-gJnEZnlKa8\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"6002\" id=\"6002\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Designing Data Collaboratives to Better Understand Human Mobility and Migration in West Africa\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"19f0\" id=\"19f0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“The Big Data for Migration Alliance (BD4M), an effort spearheaded by the International Organization for Migration’s Global Migration Data Analysis Centre (IOM GMDAC), European Commission’s Joint Research Centre (JRC), and The GovLab, released the report \u003Ca href=\"https://odpl.thegovlab.com/uploads/ccm-directus/originals/aa45abf2-743d-4d58-8471-e25bff956ba5.pdf?utm_source=Digest&utm_campaign=4736adf672-RSS_EMAIL_CAMPAIGN&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_d90a01c7ff-4736adf672-87819641\" data-href=\"https://odpl.thegovlab.com/uploads/ccm-directus/originals/aa45abf2-743d-4d58-8471-e25bff956ba5.pdf?utm_source=Digest&utm_campaign=4736adf672-RSS_EMAIL_CAMPAIGN&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_d90a01c7ff-4736adf672-87819641\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Designing Data Collaboratives to Better Understand Human Mobility and Migration in West Africa\u003C/a>, providing findings from a first-of-its-kind rapid co-design and prototyping workshop, or “Studio.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fb22\" id=\"fb22\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">SEPTEMBER\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"12c1\" id=\"12c1\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*HvlEOxiSVokc99JZ\" data-width=\"820\" data-height=\"596\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*HvlEOxiSVokc99JZ\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"b93a\" id=\"b93a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Where Is Everyone? The Importance of Population Density Data\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0f94\" id=\"0f94\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“The GovLab released a new report examining data and information about population density that can help to create social and economic value. The report, \u003Ca href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/data-artefact-study-hrsl.pdf\" data-href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/data-artefact-study-hrsl.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“Where Is Everyone? The Importance of Population Density Data”\u003C/a> by Aditi Ramesh, Stefaan Verhulst, Andrew Young and Andrew Zahuranec, is the first in a new series of Data Artefact Studies from The GovLab. The piece focuses in particular on Facebook’s Population Density Map and several of its implementations to understand promising practices, opportunities, challenges, and risks in the use of population density data more broadly.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a2b6\" id=\"a2b6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">OCTOBER\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"02ed\" id=\"02ed\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*62hh7lVq4Rcxmosv\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"836\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*62hh7lVq4Rcxmosv\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"e4ec\" id=\"e4ec\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data Science for Social Good: Philanthropy and Social Impact in a Complex World\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5eaa\" id=\"5eaa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“SpringerLink published the book \u003Ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-78985-5\" data-href=\"https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-78985-5\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“Data Science for Social Good: Philanthropy and Social Impact in a Complex World.”\u003C/a> Edited by Ciro Cattuto and Massimo Lapucci, the publication compiles recent research on data science for social impact, machine learning, and artificial intelligence. In addition to The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst, the book contains chapters from frequent GovLab collaborators and various world-class experts on science for social impact.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0b14\" id=\"0b14\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data & Policy’s Special Collection: Data and Migration Policy\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7d24\" id=\"7d24\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\" data-href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Data & Policy\u003C/a> second special collection was focused on \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy/special-collections/data-and-migration-policy#\" data-href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy/special-collections/data-and-migration-policy#\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Data and Migration Policy\u003C/a> and is part of the Big Data for Migration Alliance. It includes a series of articles on complex, cross-border human mobility, emphasizing the role of data in informing policy responses and humanitarian aid.” Marzia Rango (IOM) and Michele Vespe (EC JRC) act as Editors for this Special Collection with support from editor-in-chief Stefaan Verhulst.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6ece\" id=\"6ece\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">International Digital Self-Determination Network\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6042\" id=\"6042\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The \u003Ca href=\"https://idsd.network/\" data-href=\"https://idsd.network/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">International Digital Self-Determination Network\u003C/a> was formed in October 2021 and is composed of the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/fdfa/fdfa/organisation-fdfa/directorates-divisions/directorate-international-law.html\" data-href=\"https://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/fdfa/fdfa/organisation-fdfa/directorates-divisions/directorate-international-law.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Directorate of International Law\u003C/a>, Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs; the \u003Ca href=\"https://caidg.smu.edu.sg/\" data-href=\"https://caidg.smu.edu.sg/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Data Governance\u003C/a> at Singapore Management University; the \u003Ca href=\"https://cyber.harvard.edu/\" data-href=\"https://cyber.harvard.edu/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Berkman Klein Center\u003C/a> at Harvard University; the Global Tech Policy Practice at the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.mcts.tum.de/en/\" data-href=\"https://www.mcts.tum.de/en/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">TUM School of Social Sciences and Technology\u003C/a> and The GovLab at New York University. \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/announcing-the-international-digital-self-determination-network-dc58ce9a1c9d\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/announcing-the-international-digital-self-determination-network-dc58ce9a1c9d\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">It seeks\u003C/a> to “bring together diverse perspectives from different fields around the world to study and design ways to engage in trustworthy data spaces and ensure human centric approaches.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5113\" id=\"5113\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">NOVEMBER\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"932f\" id=\"932f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*VE9uMiwi393iBaUd\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"510\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*VE9uMiwi393iBaUd\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"544e\" id=\"544e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">22 Questions to Assess Responsible Data for Children (RD4C)\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a49e\" id=\"a49e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The first product of this second phase is the \u003Ca href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/rd4c-toolkit-launch-22-questions-to-assess-responsible-data-for-children-rd4c/index.html\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/articles/rd4c-toolkit-launch-22-questions-to-assess-responsible-data-for-children-rd4c/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">22 Questions to Assess Responsible Data for Children (RD4C)\u003C/a> tool. The RD4C principles were developed to act as a north star, guiding practitioners toward more responsible data practices. The 22 Questions to Assess Responsible Data for Children (RD4C) is an audit tool that helps stakeholders involved in the administration of data systems that handle data for and about children align their practices with the RD4C Principles.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e9ec\" id=\"e9ec\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">DECEMBER\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"8ce3\" id=\"8ce3\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*MybpddYJL34m-vO1\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"827\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*MybpddYJL34m-vO1\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"e064\" id=\"e064\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">NYC Council Testimony: Toward a Third Wave of Open Data for New York City\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9716\" id=\"9716\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“On December 10, 2021, The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst testified before the New York City Council Committee on Technology on “Open Data Compliance.” Joined by the mayor’s administration and a variety of experts from across the city, Stefaan reviewed the successes of New York’s open data platform, its status as an international leader in open data, and the ways New York could realize the Third Wave of Open Data. Specifically, Stefaan recommended that the City invest in data stewardship, democratize methods to surface demand, facilitate access to more non-governmental data, and explore opportunities at an even more localized level. You can read Stefaan’s full written remarks \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/nyc-council-testimony-toward-a-third-wave-of-open-data-for-new-york-city-e2fc816c1e7a\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/nyc-council-testimony-toward-a-third-wave-of-open-data-for-new-york-city-e2fc816c1e7a\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a> and watch a recording of the full hearing \u003Ca href=\"https://livestream.com/nyccouncil/events/9152927/videos/227977103\" data-href=\"https://livestream.com/nyccouncil/events/9152927/videos/227977103\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7736\" id=\"7736\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">#Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge — Team Blogs\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0f59\" id=\"0f59\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">To mark the end of the #Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge, the challenge teams published \u003Ca href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/blog.html\" data-href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/blog.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">blogs\u003C/a> explaining their projects and sharing their learnings from the initiative. Many also highlighted the current state of their work and their plans going forward.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/2021-year-in-review-chronological-overview-of-curated-highlights",{"title":1636,"description":1639},"2021-year-in-review-chronological-overview-of-curated-highlights","blogposts/2021-year-in-review-chronological-overview-of-curated-highlights","AERR6HWyOc3jPpTdUzohJwz4r2VfRE6IZv3hAjxV_dU",{"id":1649,"title":1650,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1651,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1652,"description":1653,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1650,"image":1654,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1655,"meta":1656,"navigation":15,"path":1657,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1658,"slug":1659,"startTime":34,"stem":1660,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1661},"blogposts/blogposts/nyc-council-testimony-toward-a-third-wave-of-open-data-for-new-york-city.json","NYC Council Testimony: Toward a Third Wave of Open Data for New York City",[],"2021-12-10T18:58:40","On 10 December 2021, The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst testified before the New York City Council Committee on Technology as part of a hearing…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*FE5z68f88YaS-leL.jpg","\n\u003Csection name=\"d2d3\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"bf24\" id=\"bf24\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">NYC Council Testimony: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Toward a Third Wave of Open Data for New York City\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"65f0\" id=\"65f0\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*FE5z68f88YaS-leL.jpg\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"600\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*FE5z68f88YaS-leL.jpg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">The New York City Hall\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"413b\" id=\"413b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">On 10 December 2021, The GovLab’s Stefaan Verhulst testified before the New York City Council Committee on Technology as part of a hearing on “Open Data Compliance.” Below are his full remarks. A recording of his remarks can be found at the 55:00 minute mark \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://livestream.com/nyccouncil/events/9152927/videos/227977103\" data-href=\"https://livestream.com/nyccouncil/events/9152927/videos/227977103\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"1473\" id=\"1473\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*9mjxPe5mQ4-Zk4znfykQGw.png\" data-width=\"719\" data-height=\"284\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*9mjxPe5mQ4-Zk4znfykQGw.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"27c0\" id=\"27c0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Written Testimony by Stefaan G. Verhulst, Co-Founder, The GovLab, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5ba4\" id=\"5ba4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Before the New York City Council Committee on Technology\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e4cc\" id=\"e4cc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">December 10, 2021\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"54e2\" id=\"54e2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">***\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"196f\" id=\"196f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Chairman Holden and distinguished members of the Committee, thank you for allowing me to appear virtually before you today. My name is Stefaan G. Verhulst, Co-Founder of and Chief Research and Development Officer at the Governance Lab (“\u003Ca href=\"https://www.thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab\u003C/a>”) at New York University. The GovLab is an action research center whose mission is to strengthen the ability of institutions — including but not limited to governments — and people to work more openly, collaboratively, effectively, and legitimately to make better decisions and solve public problems. We provide our advice and expertise to leaders and organizations around the world, including this committee, most recently in our testimony in January on the need to acquire a social license for smart city-data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"76c0\" id=\"76c0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">I would like to start by commending the efforts of the NYC Open Data Program, which are an example for cities around the world. We engage with cities and organizations worldwide and, just this past week, were told that the City of Guayaquil in Ecuador, one of our \u003Ca href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Data Policy Lab City Incubator \u003C/a>program participants, used New York City’s open data as an inspiration for much of its work for its own open data platform. New York City is a leader in the municipal open data field. The world watches and replicates what this program does.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8cbc\" id=\"8cbc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">While the city’s work is commendable, we believe there is much work that city leaders can still do to improve lives, be transparent, and support action toward those issues that New Yorkers care most about. We would encourage New York City to continue its status as an international leader in innovation by initiating and embracing a \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/images/odpl/third-wave-of-opendata.pdf\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/images/odpl/third-wave-of-opendata.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Third Wave of Open Data\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9c12\" id=\"9c12\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Third Wave of Open Data, a framework our Open Data Policy Lab developed in consultation with numerous open data leaders worldwide, comprises a set of actions and priorities that goes beyond the initial first wave focused on freedom of information, and the second wave that sought to establish a platform for data release. It involves an approach to open data not simply for the sake of opening data but to enable impactful and responsible re-use of data to tackle societal challenges and to provide for equity and opportunity, especially through inter-sectoral collaborations and partnerships. The Third Wave seeks to build upon the existing foundation of open data and integrate the following priorities that can increase the value of current programs:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"9148\" id=\"9148\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Publish with purpose: it seeks to understand the demand side of open data, how people will consume and use the data released, and prioritizes action toward those areas that are urgent, impactful, and legitimate.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"884e\" id=\"884e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Initiate Data Collaboratives: it seeks to open both private and public sector data and enable partnership between a variety of actors and experts; and\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2a47\" id=\"2a47\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Prioritize data rights and data responsibility.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"6df5\" id=\"6df5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">For this committee’s consideration, we provide four recommendations for how the City of New York can improve its open data program to be a leader in the Third Wave and ensure that its open data program evolves at the pace necessary to meet the needs of its residents. These recommendations are not comprehensive but, rather, represent major priorities that the City could focus on to expand the impact of its current work.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cb2e\" id=\"cb2e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">These recommendations include:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"38cd\" id=\"38cd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">1. Invest in Data Stewardship\u003C/strong>: \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/wanted-data-stewards.pdf\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/wanted-data-stewards.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Data stewards\u003C/a> are organizational leaders or teams empowered to create public value by providing responsible access to data (and data expertise); identifying opportunities for cross-sector collaboration and responding proactively to external requests for functional access to data, insights, or expertise. They are groups or individuals active in both the public and private sector, promoting trust within and outside their organization. In its \u003Ca href=\"https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/news/experts-say-privately-held-data-available-european-union-should-be-used-better-and-more\" data-href=\"https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/news/experts-say-privately-held-data-available-european-union-should-be-used-better-and-more\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">final report\u003C/a>, the European Commission’s High-Level Expert Group on Business-to-Government (B2G) Data Sharing noted the need for public and private sector organizations to establish data steward roles to enable responsible, accountable data sharing for the public interest.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a338\" id=\"a338\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Consistent with this idea, the NYC Open Data Program legally established \u003Ca href=\"https://opendata.cityofnewyork.us/open-data-coordinators/\" data-href=\"https://opendata.cityofnewyork.us/open-data-coordinators/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Data Coordinators\u003C/a>, existing agency staff members designated by each city agency to take on the additional responsibilities of (1) identifying and enabling the delivery of datasets to the open data portal, (2) develop their agency’s portion of the legally-mandated annual open data compliance report (3) liaising with the open data team at the Mayor’s Office of Data Analytics and Department of Information Technology and Telecommunications, (4) addressing public feedback on datasets, and (5) performing public outreach. New York’s decision to establish these liaisons is a laudable first step toward establishing a culture of data stewardship in New York City government. However we recommend that investment in agency-based open data capacity be increased by making these positions full-time open data stewards at the agency level. This will allow individuals to focus their full time and effort toward improving open data, identifying opportunities for collaboration, and engaging with the public.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b254\" id=\"b254\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">2. Democratize Methods to Surface Demand\u003C/strong>: The NYC Open Data Program has a legally mandated public data request avenue through which the public can request that certain datasets be made public. While this is a valuable resource for those familiar with data and familiar with data the City of New York collects, it is a limited pathway to collect and identify the demand and needs that could be met via open data by other less data-literate communities.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4e7e\" id=\"4e7e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We recommend that the NYC Open Data Program explore additional programs and processes to surface needs, questions and demands from New Yorkers, to then influence future data releases. We have found particular value in smarter crowdsourcing techniques. Our \u003Ca href=\"https://the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">100 Questions Initiative\u003C/a>, for instance, uses practitioners who possess both relevant domain knowledge (such as on migration, gender, or disinformation) and data science expertise) to collaboratively draft important research questions and then uses public voting to prioritize which questions to focus action toward. Our \u003Ca href=\"https://thedataassembly.org/\" data-href=\"https://thedataassembly.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Data Assembly\u003C/a> — which we launched in partnership with New York and Brooklyn Public Library systems — assembled small broadly representative assemblies of stakeholders representing data holders, data users, and New York residents to learn from one another, deliberate on complex topics, and share their opinions in order to identify local concerns and inform decision-making as it related to data re-use for pandemic response and other crises. These three groups, mini-publics, produced insights that proved valuable in soliciting diverse, actionable public input on data re-use for crisis response in the United States that could inform a responsible data re-use framework.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8f69\" id=\"8f69\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">3. Facilitate access to more non-governmental data\u003C/strong>: The NYC Open Data Program hosts a handful of non-governmental datasets. Creating a formalized pathway for hosting non-governmental datasets is part of the 10 year strategic plan for NYC Open Data. We recommend accelerating the responsible re-use of non-governmental datasets through the NYC open data platform and data collaboratives.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1807\" id=\"1807\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As COVID-19 and the \u003Ca href=\"https://www1.nyc.gov/site/analytics/initiatives/recovery-data-partnership.page\" data-href=\"https://www1.nyc.gov/site/analytics/initiatives/recovery-data-partnership.page\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NYC Recovery Data Partnership\u003C/a> led by the Mayor’s Office of Data Analytics demonstrates, there are missed uses and missed opportunities for impact when non-governmental datasets are not made more readily available for analysis. The City can easily make data more accessible for re-use by centralizing it in a common space. We recommend creating a policy about non-governmental datasets, developing a governance structure to manage them, and creating processes to handle those requests for that data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3fd7\" id=\"3fd7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">4. Explore Opportunities at an Even More Localized Level\u003C/strong>: Finally, the Third Wave of Open Data identifies the need for increased investment in opening data at the subnational level. Given that New York City houses a population the size of many countries, the function of the NYC Open Data Program, in some respects, resembles more of a national-level open data program than a subnational one.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a102\" id=\"a102\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We recommend continued exploration of open data engagements at an even more localized level in New York City–continuing existing engagements such as Open Data Week, the Open Ambassador Program, and supporting data-driven efforts by community boards. There may be additional opportunities for research and pilots in this domain as well, new models that may be worth exploring through an open data application at a borough or community-board level in New York City. We would encourage city leaders to look at some recent efforts taken around the country to promote even more localized data re-use, such as \u003Ca href=\"https://datasmart.ash.harvard.edu/news/article/pioneering-community-participation-tulsa-oklahoma\" data-href=\"https://datasmart.ash.harvard.edu/news/article/pioneering-community-participation-tulsa-oklahoma\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Tulsa’s Urban Data Pioneers\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.boston.gov/departments/new-urban-mechanics/digital-transparency-public-realm\" data-href=\"https://www.boston.gov/departments/new-urban-mechanics/digital-transparency-public-realm\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Boston’s pilot of DTPR\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"https://cities-today.com/cities-say-they-want-to-be-equitable-san-jose-is-proving-it/\" data-href=\"https://cities-today.com/cities-say-they-want-to-be-equitable-san-jose-is-proving-it/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">San Jose’s Data Equity Framework\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a37a\" id=\"a37a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">***\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4072\" id=\"4072\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To ensure New York City embraces the Third Wave, my colleagues and I encourage city leaders to pursue these four actions: investing in data stewardship; democratizing methods to surface demand; hosting more non-governmental data; and exploring local localized opportunities. We believe these actions will allow New York to continue to excel and preserve its status as an international leader in open data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b1b8\" id=\"b1b8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Thank you for your time. I welcome any questions you might have.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/nyc-council-testimony-toward-a-third-wave-of-open-data-for-new-york-city",{"title":1650,"description":1653},"nyc-council-testimony-toward-a-third-wave-of-open-data-for-new-york-city","blogposts/nyc-council-testimony-toward-a-third-wave-of-open-data-for-new-york-city","SzFffUBFGWVG1k1afG7nGFC47VjFTBHR3nEiWcZpi9g",{"id":1663,"title":1664,"author":1665,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1666,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1667,"description":1668,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1664,"image":1669,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1670,"meta":1671,"navigation":15,"path":1672,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1673,"slug":1674,"startTime":34,"stem":1675,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1676},"blogposts/blogposts/the-9rs-framework-establishing-the-business-case-for-data-collaboration.json","The “9Rs Framework”: Establishing the Business Case for Data Collaboration","Stefaan G. Verhulst, Andrew Young, and Andrew J. Zahuranec",[],"2021-10-26T00:00:00","The Open Data Policy Lab addresses these questions with its “9R Framework,” a method for describing and identifying the business case for…","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*TQ3ScoxM0UEXLE4o4DGBmQ.png","\u003Ch1 id=\"the-“9rs-framework”-establishing-the-business-case-for-data-collaboration\">The “9Rs Framework”: Establishing the Business Case for Data Collaboration\u003C/h1> \u003Ch2 id=\"the-“9rs-framework”-establishing-the-business-case-for-data-collaboration-and-re-using-data-in-the-public-interest\">\u003Cstrong>And Re-Using Data in the Public Interest\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>\u003Cem>by Stefaan G. Verhulst, Andrew Young, and Andrew J. Zahuranec\u003C/em>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*TQ3ScoxM0UEXLE4o4DGBmQ.png\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>GRAPHIC: The 9Rs Framework: The Business Case for Data Reuse in the Public Interest\u003C/p> \u003Cp>When made accessible and re-used responsibly, privately held data has \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">the potential\u003C/a> to generate enormous public value. Whether it’s enabling better science, supporting evidence-based government programs, or helping community groups to identify people who need help, data can be used to make better public interest decisions and improve people’s lives.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Yet, for all the discussion of the societal value of having organizations provide access to their data, there’s been little discussion of the business case on why to make data available for reuse. What motivates an organization to make its datasets accessible for societal purposes? How does doing so support their organizational goals? What’s the return on investment of using organizational resources to make data available to others?\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/a> addresses these questions with its “9R Framework,” a method for describing and identifying the business case for data reuse for the public good. The 9R Framework consists of nine motivations identified through several years of studying and establishing data collaboratives, categorized by different types of return on investment: license to operate, brand equity, or knowledge and insights. Considered together, these nine motivations add up to a model to help organizations understand the business value of making their data assets accessible.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>9R Framework: Nine Incentives to Open and Re-Use Data in and for the Public Interest\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Following several years of researching and designing \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">data collaboratives\u003C/a>, we have identified the following nine incentives (see earlier versions of this \u003Ca href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3141446\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>):\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>ROI Case: Knowledge and Insights:\u003C/strong> Ways in which data reuse improves an organization’s ability to pursue larger strategic goals.\u003C/p> \u003Cblockquote> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>1. Reciprocity:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>__ Gaining access to data sources and other assets held by organizations whose data may be important to business decisions.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>2. Rectifying Errors and Improving Data Quality\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> \u003Cem>:\u003C/em> Identifying errors in datasets by letting others access and use them.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>3. Research and Insights:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>__ Generating new answers to questions, and providing organizations with insights that may not have otherwise been extracted.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>4. Reproducibility\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> : Testing results of analysis by allowing others to conduct identical or related work.\u003C/p> \u003C/blockquote> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>ROI Case: Brand Equity:\u003C/strong> Ways in which data reuse promotes an organization’s image for internal and external stakeholders.\u003C/p> \u003Cblockquote> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>5.Reputation:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> Enhancing an organization’s image and reputation, attracting media, new users, customers, and investors who value socially conscious corporate actors.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>**\u003Cem>6. Responsibility and Philanthropy\u003C/em> : **Fulfilling an organization’s social responsibilities, improving the environment in which it operates, and bolstering its reputation.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>7. Recruiting and Retaining Talent:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> Attracting and retaining data science talent with projects that are compelling and socially relevant.\u003C/p> \u003C/blockquote> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>ROI Case: License to Operate \u003Cem>:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> Ways in which data reuse strengthens the “social license” for an organization to operate.\u003C/p> \u003Cblockquote> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>8. Regulatory Compliance\u003C/em> :\u003C/strong> Helping organizations comply with regulations, become more transparent, or otherwise promote responsible data management.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>9. Revenue Generation and Recovery of Costs\u003C/em> :\u003C/strong> Providing opportunities to generate new income or cut costs.\u003C/p> \u003C/blockquote> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Using the 9 R’s Framework\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>This framework is useful not just for describing the rationales why organizations have made certain data assets re-usable but also for helping organizations articulate their motivations and build internal buy-in for data reuse.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>By evaluating and weighing each of the 9 R’s on a chart (see figure), \u003Ca href=\"https://datastewards.net/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">data stewards\u003C/a> — practitioners tasked with working on responsible data reuse — can better design their business case for providing access to data and establish the best methods or vehicles for doing so through, for instance, data collaboratives.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*nb3SIhxtcq05el4HcTdFMg.png\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Above is the example of a spider chart that can be used to evaluate and weigh the 9 R’s in action. The figure above shows that brand equity and license-to-operate arguments are less important for this hypothetical organization, while knowledge and insights provide far stronger motivations for providing access to data.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>We encourage you to use similar methods to understand the motivations for reuse. A blank version of the above graphic can be found \u003Ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1QSIMDHcFjjsUHPBDZYK0jflBWzBFjlmw/view?usp=sharing\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Over the next few weeks, we will focus on each “R” and provide further examples of how this has played out in practice. These pieces will draw in interviews from prominent experts as well as existing research and literature.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>We invite you to provide your own thoughts on the “9R Framework” and let us know if it resonates with you. Feel free to contact the Open Data Policy Lab team at \u003Ca href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">datastewards@thegovlab.org\u003C/a> with your own thoughts and reflections on the framework, the graphics, and how both might facilitate data reuse. We are soliciting input from experts and practitioners.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Otherwise, we hope you will check this site regularly for updates.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/the-9rs-framework-establishing-the-business-case-for-data-collaboration",{"title":1664,"description":1668},"the-9rs-framework-establishing-the-business-case-for-data-collaboration","blogposts/the-9rs-framework-establishing-the-business-case-for-data-collaboration","k9mRGUHSguPuUPJMMscpCm3L8YsRBR-kl8BBsC6IzSE",{"id":1678,"title":1679,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1680,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1681,"description":1682,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1679,"image":1683,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1684,"meta":1685,"navigation":15,"path":1686,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1687,"slug":1688,"startTime":34,"stem":1689,"tags":1690,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1692},"blogposts/blogposts/data-for-children-collaborative-designs-responsible-data-solutions-for-cross-sector-services.json","Data for Children Collaborative Designs Responsible Data Solutions for Cross-Sector Services",[],"2021-10-22T20:02:32","Saving children’s lives, defending children’s rights, and helping children fulfill their full potential. With goals as ambitious and admirable as this, it goes without saying that the best interests of kids are always put first...","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*svFyaZL_vRuM6gys.jpg","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"e6c3\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Data for Children Collaborative Designs Responsible Data Solutions for Cross-Sector Services\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"9d80\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*svFyaZL_vRuM6gys.jpg\" data-image-id=\"0*svFyaZL_vRuM6gys.jpg\" data-width=\"1280\" data-height=\"720\" data-is-featured=\"true\">\n\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Children in El Muelle neighborhood Bilwi, Puerto Cabezas, Nicaragua.\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"9579\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This piece, written by Alex Hutchison and Alessandra Fassio, was originally posted on \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://data.org/stories/responsible-data-solutions-for-cross-sector-services/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://data.org/stories/responsible-data-solutions-for-cross-sector-services/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data.org\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">. It incorporates lessons from the Responsible Data for Children initiative, a joint endeavor between UNICEF and The GovLab at New York University to highlight and support best practice on data practices involving data for and about children. You can read more about that work here: \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">https://rd4c.org/\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5a4e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Saving children’s lives, defending children’s rights, and helping children fulfill their full potential. With goals as ambitious and admirable as this, it goes without saying that the best interests of kids are always put first.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8372\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Right?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8089\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Maybe, but the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.dataforchildrencollaborative.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.dataforchildrencollaborative.com/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data for Children Collaborative\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> isn’t leaving it to chance. Housed at \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://efi.ed.ac.uk/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://efi.ed.ac.uk/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Edinburgh Futures Institute\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>, the Data for Children Collaborative is a unique partnership between \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.unicef.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.unicef.org/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">UNICEF\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>, the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.gov.scot/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.gov.scot/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Scottish government\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>, and the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.ed.ac.uk/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.ed.ac.uk/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">University of Edinburgh\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> that is focused on not just using data to drive outcomes for children, but building safeguards, resources, and protocols to make sure that data is used ethically, responsibly, and transparently.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"a269\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">The Challenge\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"510e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">The Edinburgh-based Collaborative looks at the big, seemingly intractable problems our global society faces through a lens of impact and intervention for children. From population health and poverty to COVID-19 response and climate change, how these issues affect children is nuanced and requires an equally nuanced approach.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"e2a1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As organizations seek to tackle these challenges, the Collaborative serves as a matchmaker, bringing together academic expertise and practical know-how to utilize the power of data to keep children safe, healthy, and thriving.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"4e56\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To harness that power effectively and responsibly, though, data security and responsibility are paramount, says Alessandra Fassio, the advocacy and relations manager for the Data for Children Collaborative.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"b116\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*xU4P-p81T0AJR48n.jpg\" data-image-id=\"0*xU4P-p81T0AJR48n.jpg\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"666\">\n\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Simon Geraldson, 17 years old from Cité Soleil, just outside Port-au-Prince, Haiti. He has been part of the Sakala youth center, where he learned about caring for the environment. Photo by UNICEF.\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"48af\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--figure\">“What I was really interested in was that ‘data for good’ ethics piece of the puzzle. Because we’re working for children, obviously they’re a vulnerable group and often don’t have insight about how data about them is being used,” she said. “Ethics is the buzzword, and everyone is talking about it but there is very little practical implementation on how to do it.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"bb8b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">That is the question that the Collaborative set out to answer: how do we define and support strong data ethics in a way that ensures it is no longer an afterthought? How do we empower organizations to make it their priority?\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"c5f9\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">The Solution\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"9db0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">How? Make it easier and more intuitive.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3605\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Fassio, Data for Children Collaborative Director Alex Hutchison, and the rest of their five-person team set out to create a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5ced8e8d4d23c100012bd9ee/t/5eeb70998d1e2e739885e123/1592488090878/ETHICAL+IMPACTS+STATEMENT+%28003%29.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5ced8e8d4d23c100012bd9ee/t/5eeb70998d1e2e739885e123/1592488090878/ETHICAL+IMPACTS+STATEMENT+%28003%29.pdf\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">roadmap for data responsibility\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>. They started with their own experiences and followed the lifecycle of a non-profit project from conception to communicating results.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3bdb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The journey begins — for project leaders and for the Collaborative — with an ethical assessment before any research or intervention has been conducted. The assessment calls on project teams to reflect on their motivations and ethical issues at the start, midpoint, and results stages of a project, ensuring that the priority stakeholder remains at the center. Some of the elements are directly tied to data, like data collection, security, and anonymization, but the assessment goes beyond the hard data and into its applications and analysis, including understanding stakeholder landscape and even the appropriate language to use when communicating outputs.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3478\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For the Collaborative, that priority is children. But they’ve designed the assessment, which maps across to \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://rd4c.org/tools/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/tools/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">UNICEF’s Responsible Data for Children (RD4C) toolkit,\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> and other responsible innovation resources to be adaptable for other sectors.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c218\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“We wanted to make it really accessible for people with no background in ethics or data. We wanted anyone to be able to approach it,” Fassio said. “Because it is data-focused, there’s actually a very wide application. A lot of the questions we ask are very transferable to other groups.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"fb45\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The same is true for their youth participation workbook — another resource in the toolkit. The team engaged young people to help co-create the process, staying open to revisions and iterations based on people’s experiences and feedback.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"c6ef\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*pG3oxsNPvbp48AWy.jpg\" data-image-id=\"0*pG3oxsNPvbp48AWy.jpg\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"666\">\n\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Children from Lawaki village in Tailevu Province in Fiji fill buckets with water from the river. Photo by UNICEF.\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"f6ce\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Though that process of iteration and reflection is ongoing, Hutchison has been pleasantly surprised by the willingness of people to engage with and deploy the tools in meaningful ways.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8043\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“I think there’s a broad acceptance across the technology sector that ethics is recognized as something that’s really pivotal,” she said. “We’ve been constantly really impressed with how well people engage with the ethics assessment that we’ve built, rather than seeing it as ‘oh, here’s something else that needs to be done. They’re really welcoming the fact that it can add value to their project.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"37d9\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">The Takeaway\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"82ba\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Like the expression measure twice, cut once, the major argument that the Data for Children Collaborative is making is that ethics isn’t an add-on.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7879\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Data responsibility and ethics must be built into a project from the get-go. The Collaborative helps connect the right spheres of influence and expertise to ensure that project teams are asking the tough questions and thinking critically about their approach.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"fd3a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Let’s get all the right people around the table, look at the question we’re trying to solve for, and ask ourselves, is data the right way for us to do this?” Fassio asks. “It’s about designing in an ethical way. Building it in from the start is a more proactive way and it then lends itself to being less of a blocker. There’s a misconception about ethics trying to pause innovation or stop innovation from happening and that’s not the case.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"e1f2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">That frontloaded work takes time, but the results make it worthwhile in the end. They advise project teams to work at their own pace, never hesitating to ask questions and lean on colleagues with relevant experience.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a4a2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">When they reflect on the past year and a half of getting the Collaborative launched and underway, they wouldn’t change much, except maybe scaling up faster, knowing now how sorely needed these resources are across the non-profit landscape.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"9314\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*kUzBzT1OZ0aMZnIZ.jpg\" data-image-id=\"0*kUzBzT1OZ0aMZnIZ.jpg\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"750\">\n\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">The house and playground of Jessamae Loquias, 7 years old, were destroyed by typhoon Rolly (Goni) as it hit her hometown of Barangay (village) Sabang, San Jose, in Camarines Sur province, Philippines. Photo by Ruel Saldico.\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"e88e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">But the early results are in, and the toolkit has helped drive responsible social change across several disciplines. The ethical assessment has helped shape the data confidentiality policies around work on HIV. It has influenced the language used in reporting on access to services by children in poverty. And in the latest example, has shaped the design and release of hugely impactful data in the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://data.unicef.org/resources/childrens-climate-risk-index-report/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://data.unicef.org/resources/childrens-climate-risk-index-report/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Climate Risk Index\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>, a UNICEF report that global climate activist Greta Thunberg has described as the first comprehensive view of children’s exposure and vulnerability to the impacts of climate change.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"624d\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"9c90\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Unlike many data projects, where it can take years for change to be felt or heard, Hutchison said, the Climate Risk Index was a powerful moment for the Collaborative to see immediate response and impact. It was a reminder for their team that they’re on the right track, fueling their momentum moving forward as they seek out new partners, aligned funders, and more ways to get their tools into the right hands.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"efb8\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*JeOamN8Wwi3tynWQ.png\" data-image-id=\"0*JeOamN8Wwi3tynWQ.png\" data-width=\"689\" data-height=\"477\">\n\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Approximately 1 billion children (nearly half of the world’s children) live in extremely high-risk countries. Data from The Children’s Climate Risk Index (CCRI).\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"830d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--figure graf--trailing\">“There are so many opportunities for people to do good work with data,” she said. “It’s almost infinite, the examples where this can work and make a difference.”\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/data-for-children-collaborative-designs-responsible-data-solutions-for-cross-sector-services",{"title":1679,"description":1682},"data-for-children-collaborative-designs-responsible-data-solutions-for-cross-sector-services","blogposts/data-for-children-collaborative-designs-responsible-data-solutions-for-cross-sector-services",[1691],"rd4c","AkpvD9DLxEUtVhjjJXBEC-Ft652mzrMKRPAzXdQ7m1g",{"id":1694,"title":1695,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1696,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1697,"description":1698,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1695,"image":1699,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1700,"meta":1701,"navigation":15,"path":1702,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1703,"slug":1704,"startTime":34,"stem":1705,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1706},"blogposts/blogposts/announcing-the-international-digital-self-determination-network.json","Announcing the International Digital Self-Determination Network",[],"2021-10-21T12:57:09","Data is changing how we live and engage with and within our societies and our economies. As our digital footprints grow, how do we…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*6jQZPysVUnHbFgvTP3pzfQ.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"eddf\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"8c76\" id=\"8c76\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Announcing the International Digital Self-Determination Network\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"ffcf\" id=\"ffcf\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*6jQZPysVUnHbFgvTP3pzfQ.png\" data-width=\"490\" data-height=\"379\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*6jQZPysVUnHbFgvTP3pzfQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"a1f7\" id=\"a1f7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Data is changing how we live and engage with and within our societies and our economies. As our digital footprints grow, how do we re-imagine ourselves in the digital world? How will we be able to determine the data-driven decisions that impact us? Digital self-determination offers a unique way of understanding where we (can) live in the digital space.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4755\" id=\"4755\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Today, we are announcing the launch of the \u003Ca href=\"https://idsd.network\" data-href=\"https://idsd.network\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">International Network on Digital Self-Determination\u003C/a>. Through this initiative, we aim to bring together diverse perspectives from different fields around the world to study and design ways to engage in trustworthy data spaces and ensure human centric approaches. Our goal is to transform ‘humans in the loop’ from a catch-phrase to a lived experience at the individual and societal level.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4742\" id=\"4742\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The network is currently comprised of: the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/fdfa/fdfa/organisation-fdfa/directorates-divisions/directorate-international-law.html\" data-href=\"https://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/fdfa/fdfa/organisation-fdfa/directorates-divisions/directorate-international-law.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Directorate of International Law\u003C/a>, Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs; the \u003Ca href=\"https://caidg.smu.edu.sg/\" data-href=\"https://caidg.smu.edu.sg/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Data Governance\u003C/a> at Singapore Management University; the \u003Ca href=\"https://cyber.harvard.edu/\" data-href=\"https://cyber.harvard.edu/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Berkman Klein Center\u003C/a> at Harvard University; the Global Tech Policy Practice at the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.mcts.tum.de/en/\" data-href=\"https://www.mcts.tum.de/en/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">TUM School of Social Sciences and Technology\u003C/a> and The GovLab at New York University.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3da1\" id=\"3da1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">To find out more about its goals and activities, check out \u003Ca href=\"https://idsd.network/\" data-href=\"https://idsd.network/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://idsd.network/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/announcing-the-international-digital-self-determination-network",{"title":1695,"description":1698},"announcing-the-international-digital-self-determination-network","blogposts/announcing-the-international-digital-self-determination-network","bZzxhDWW28Z9TWDMzPDz25tONh98Ke4zf6McnOTxt5Q",{"id":1708,"title":1709,"author":1710,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1711,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1712,"description":1713,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1709,"image":1714,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1715,"meta":1716,"navigation":15,"path":1717,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1718,"slug":1719,"startTime":34,"stem":1720,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1721},"blogposts/blogposts/a-curation-of-tools-for-promoting-effective-data-re-use-for-addressing-public-challenges.json","A Curation of Tools for Promoting Effective Data Re-Use for Addressing Public Challenges","Sampriti Saxena, Andrew J. Zahuranec, and Stefaan Verhulst",[],"2021-09-29T00:00:00","In this blog, the Data Program provides a curation of tools that we’ve developed over the years to enable systematic, sustainable and…","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*iPdgBj1926am2MSz","\u003Ch1 id=\"a-curation-of-tools-for-promoting-effective-data-re-use-for-addressing-public-challenges\">A Curation of Tools for Promoting Effective Data Re-Use for Addressing Public Challenges\u003C/h1> \u003Ch2 id=\"a-curation-of-tools-for-promoting-effective-data-re-use-for-addressing-public-challenges-1\">\u003Cstrong>A Curation of Tools for Promoting Effective Data Re-Use for Addressing Public Challenges\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>\u003Cem>By Sampriti Saxena, Andrew J. Zahuranec, and Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/em>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*iPdgBj1926am2MSz\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Photo: Unsplash/\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/eo3Xr2yhYVw\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong>Markus Spiske\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong>is licensed under\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong>CC0\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Data can be a powerful tool for change, if made accessible and leveraged responsibly. Since The GovLab’s Data Program began work six years ago, it has structured most of its work around this fact, seeking to tackle many of the complex challenges we face today by enabling access to data.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>In this blog, the Data Program provides a curation of tools that we’ve developed over the years to enable systematic, sustainable and responsible re-use of data — i.e. data stewardship. Organized into four categories — each dealing with a topic or issue we’ve studied in our work — this listing gives data practitioners the resources they need to make sense of the data they work with. We hope that it will help practitioners to develop fit-for-purpose approaches when designing open data and data collaboration initiatives.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Data Collaboration\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*_cPUOCJf7IlmlR8l\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Data collaboration is a new form of collaboration, beyond the public-private partnership model, in which participants from different sectors — including private companies, research institutions, and government agencies — can make data accessible and re-usable to help solve public problems. Our \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/data-collab-report_Oct2019.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">research\u003C/a> suggests data collaboration can be a vital tool, bringing previously siloed resources and expertise to bear to address serious public problems such as \u003Ca href=\"https://list.data4covid19.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">pandemic response\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"#\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">gender inequities\u003C/a>, and \u003Ca href=\"https://odimpact.org/case-aclimate-colombia.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">climate change\u003C/a>.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Three of our tools may be useful in helping to design a data collaborative. These are:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/canvas.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Data Collaboratives Canvas\u003C/a>: The data collaborative canvas outlines eight phases for designing and implementing a data collaborative (partnership) at an institutional level. The online resource includes examples, enablers, tools, and resources for each phase.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"https://contractsfordatacollaboration.org/our-framework/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Contractual Wheel of Data Collaboration\u003C/a>: Created by the GovLab and built from an assessment of legal agreements, this wheel and C4DC’s online library of legal clauses were the bases for our analytical framework. They can also serve as a guide for users to gain a better understanding of the nature and function of data sharing agreements.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/Circular_Data.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">The Circular City Data Value Canvas\u003C/a>: The GovLab developed “Data Value Canvases” to better understand the different aspects of city-centric data collaboratives. This framework explains the context of value propositions, identifies beneficiaries, highlights enabling and disabling conditions and notes proxies for monetary value.\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Open Data\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*iW1A_l6w3_7zJmHM\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Open data, alongside data collaboratives, is critical in connecting the supply for data with the demand for it. The GovLab has published a range of \u003Ca href=\"https://odimpact.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">publications\u003C/a> on Open Data and its impact. Below we curate three resources on open data that can be useful to data practitioners seeking to launch it:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.org/open-data-demand.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Open Data Demand Methodology\u003C/a>: The GovLab, in partnership with the Inter-American Development Bank, and with the support of the French Development Agency developed the Open Data Demand and Assessment Methodology (Beta) to provide open data policymakers and practitioners with an approach for identifying, segmenting, and engaging with demand.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/periodic-table\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Periodic Table of Open Data\u003C/a>: Based on the existing literature and case studies, we have developed a Periodic Table of Open Data Elements detailing the enabling conditions and disabling factors that often determine the impact of open data initiatives.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/The-Third-Wave-of-Open-Data-Toolkit.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">The Third Wave of Open Data Toolkit\u003C/a>: The Third Wave of Open Data Toolkit offers a framework to think about open data and data re-use, one that starts from central questions about how data is created before expanding outward. It also offers eight primers showing how data stewards can operationalize the actions previously identified as being part of the third wave.\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Responsible Data\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*BJkWLEE58t1a2vnp\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>When we talk about responsible data, we mean developing the processes needed to access and effectively use data in a way that mitigates dangers to data subjects, data users, and others, while preventing missed uses of the data for solving public problems. This line of work seeks to identify and mitigate risks, establish trust, and maximize the value of work so that public agencies, civil society organizations, large and small businesses, and others can achieve their goals in ways that do not contribute to the misuse (or missed use) of data.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>While data responsibility is a core tenet of everything we do, we have several tools meant to help data practitioners proactively understand opportunities and risks, such as:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"https://dataresponsibilityjourney.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Data Responsibility Journey\u003C/a>: The Data Responsibility Journey is an assessment tool that outlines the opportunities and risks to consider at each stage of the data lifecycle when implementing a data collaborative.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/RD4C_Data_Ecosystem_Mapping.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">RD4C Data Ecosystem Mapping Tool\u003C/a>: The RD4C Data Ecosystem Mapping Tool helps users identify and understand systems generating data about children to achieve insights around responsible data use, gaps and redundancies in the data, and more.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/RD4C_Decision_Provenance_Mapping.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">RD4C Decision Provenance Mapping\u003C/a>: The RD4C Decision Provenance Mapping methodology provides a way for actors designing or assessing data investments for children to identify key decision points and stakeholders with the goal of improving strategies and advancing more professionally accountable data practices.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"https://files.rd4c.org/RD4C_Opportunity_Risk_Diagnostic_Tool.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">RD4C Opportunity and Risk Diagnostic\u003C/a>: The RD4C Opportunity and Risk Diagnostic Tool provides organizations with a way to take stock of the RD4C principles and how they might be realized as an organization reviews a data project or system.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"https://thedataassembly.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">The Data Assembly Responsible Data Re-Use Framework\u003C/a>: The Responsible Data Re-Use Framework synthesizes lessons learned from the New York City Data Assembly and presents a set of design principles to support responsible data handling policy and practice.\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Participatory Approaches\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*V-a9bUGZ0IGzcZLO\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Finally, we have several tools meant to facilitate better engagement with the public and the issues they find important. Whether through \u003Ca href=\"https://smartercrowdsourcing.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">smarter crowdsourcing\u003C/a>, a method that combines rigorous problem definition with crowdsourcing to attract diverse ideas from global experts and rapidly develop those ideas into actionable proposals, or \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.org/people-led-innovation.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">people-led innovation\u003C/a>, an approach to empower public entrepreneurs to unlock public expertise, we think it is critical to focus work on the public problems that urgently need addressed.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The below selected resources provide ways to do that, allowing city officials and others with ways to focus their work around the issues that matter most:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"https://the100questions.org/about.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">The 100 Questions Methodology\u003C/a>: The 100 Questions Methodology is a smarter crowdsourcing approach that uses a set of “bilinguals,” experts in data science and a domain, to source questions that matter. The public then prioritizes these questions based on their individual concerns. It provides a way to create purposeful, impactful data collaboratives.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.org/people-led-innovation.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">People-Led Innovation Worksheet\u003C/a>: Designed for city officials, and others seeking ways to improve people’s lives, the People-Led Innovation Worksheet provides a methodology to develop stronger problem-solving processes to approach urban challenges.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"https://canvas.govlabacademy.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab Academy Problem-Solving Canvas\u003C/a>: The GovLab Public Problem Solving Canvas uses twenty questions to help you refine your understanding of the problem and those whom it affects; express your Big Idea; and turn that idea into an actionable strategy in the real world to the end of improving people’s lives.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"https://directus.thegovlab.com/uploads/thegovlab/blog_img_archive//2015/01/R-Search.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">R-Search Methodology\u003C/a>: The R-Search approach is a useful way to gain a rapid understanding of issues, scholarship, actions and opinions surrounding a topic to allow for the design of responses that are more informed and targeted.\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Chr> \u003Cp>This blog provides a brief curation of some of the tools that The GovLab has developed to help data practitioners address the issues they face every day. We hope by providing this listing we can encourage others to pursue a more responsible, deliberative approach to data (re)use, one that acknowledges the many issues that arise through the data lifecycle.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>We invite you to view the resources above. Over the coming months, we will publish additional tools and resources that you can access at the \u003Ca href=\"https://datastewards.net/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Data Stewards Network\u003C/a> and the \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/a>. Sign up for updates \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=7213f68ab3\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/a-curation-of-tools-for-promoting-effective-data-re-use-for-addressing-public-challenges",{"title":1709,"description":1713},"a-curation-of-tools-for-promoting-effective-data-re-use-for-addressing-public-challenges","blogposts/a-curation-of-tools-for-promoting-effective-data-re-use-for-addressing-public-challenges","KzbuiE-bXd8tnICyTICfr7oU5kEpPgynN7t9fLhXi8M",{"id":1723,"title":1724,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1725,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1726,"description":1727,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1724,"image":1728,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1729,"meta":1730,"navigation":15,"path":1731,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1732,"slug":1733,"startTime":34,"stem":1734,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1735},"blogposts/blogposts/the-govlab-releases-new-study-on-population-density-data-and-its-uses.json","The GovLab Releases New Study on Population Density Data and Its Uses",[],"2021-09-21T14:44:15","Today, The GovLab is releasing a new report examining data and information about population density that can help to create social and…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*-iYLHd0C6GrmouebxpggXA.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"fcce\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"0923\" id=\"0923\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">The GovLab Releases New Study on Population Density Data and Its Uses\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"2a73\" id=\"2a73\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Ca href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/data-artefact-study-hrsl.pdf\" data-href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/data-artefact-study-hrsl.pdf\" class=\"graf-imageAnchor\" data-action=\"image-link\" data-action-observe-only=\"true\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*-iYLHd0C6GrmouebxpggXA.jpeg\" data-width=\"1163\" data-height=\"1513\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*-iYLHd0C6GrmouebxpggXA.jpeg\">\u003C/a>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"c9d3\" id=\"c9d3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Today, The GovLab is releasing a new report examining data and information about population density that can help to create social and economic value. The report, “\u003Ca href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/data-artefact-study-hrsl.pdf\" data-href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/data-artefact-study-hrsl.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Where Is Everyone? The Importance of Population Density Data\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>” is the first in a new series of Data Artefact Studies from The GovLab. The piece released today focuses in particular on Facebook’s Population Density Map and several of its implementations to understand promising practices, opportunities, challenges, and risks in the use of population density data more broadly.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4c71\" id=\"4c71\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The report begins with an exploration of new and traditional approaches to measuring population density, and ways in which density information has frequently been used by humanitarian, private-sector and government actors to, for instance, support long-term infrastructure development projects, plan vaccination campaigns, and determine geographic areas most likely to be impacted by climate change. It examines how several new innovations are leading to fresh ways of collecting data — and fresh forms of data — and how this may open up new avenues for using density information in a variety of contexts, when handled responsibly.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"137d\" id=\"137d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The bulk of the study focuses on Facebook’s High-Resolution Population Density Maps (also referred to as HRSL, or high resolution settlement layer). HRSL has been deployed by research institutions, non-profits, and international development agencies to support a range of projects. The density maps, which estimate population levels within 30-meter grids in nearly every country in the world, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">are not based on data collected through Facebook’s social media or messaging platforms\u003C/em>, but instead use a combination of machine vision AI, satellite imagery (aerial data), and census information compiled by Facebook’s AI and data science team \u003Ca href=\"http://dataforgood.fb.com/docs/methodology-high-resolution-population-density-maps-demographic-estimates/\" data-href=\"http://dataforgood.fb.com/docs/methodology-high-resolution-population-density-maps-demographic-estimates/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">in collaboration with Columbia University\u003C/a>. The resulting density maps are publicly available through the \u003Ca href=\"http://centre.humdata.org/what-we-do/\" data-href=\"http://centre.humdata.org/what-we-do/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Humanitarian Data Exchange (HDX) data store\u003C/a> and the \u003Ca href=\"http://registry.opendata.aws/dataforgood-fb-hrsl/\" data-href=\"http://registry.opendata.aws/dataforgood-fb-hrsl/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Registry of Open Data on Amazon Web Services (AWS)\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ca41\" id=\"ca41\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In addition to an overview of the HRSL itself, the Data Artefact Study focuses in particular on a series of implementations of the HRSL with a brief discussion of each use case’s objectives, outcomes to date, lessons learned, and planned next steps. The case studies were developed through desk research and interviews with stakeholders involved in the use of HRSL, as well as Facebook personnel involved in its development and dissemination. The case studies are:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"5625\" id=\"5625\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Pulse Lab Jakarta’s efforts to identify areas with high transmission risk and transmission potential for the spread of Covid-19 in West Java, Indonesia: \u003C/strong>In September 2020, Indonesia registered the second highest transmission rate of Covid-19 cases in Southeast Asia. Pulse Lab Jakarta (PLJ), a joint data innovation facility by the United Nations and Government of Indonesia, used several population data sources, including HRSL, and advanced analytics to develop indicators to help predict the potential spread of Covid-19, and to prevent the resulting economic fallout.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d486\" id=\"d486\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Using HRSL for Cholera Vaccination of 252,000 children in Mozambique\u003C/strong>: In 2019, just six weeks after the devastation that followed Cyclone Idai, Northern Mozambique was struck again by Cyclone Kenneth — the strongest tropical cyclone ever to make landfall in the region. Idai sparked a massive Cholera outbreak. While a large vaccination campaign was already underway, there was widespread concern that Kenneth could exacerbate the ongoing epidemic. Prior to Kenneth’s landfall, a multi-sectoral team from Harvard University School of Public Health, Direct Relief, Nethope Crisis Informatics, Facebook Data for Good, and Northwestern University School of Medicine collaborated identify high risk areas and develop a model-based estimation of cholera spread. The goal of the modeling effort was to help prioritize where, given limited time and resources, vaccines should be distributed in Mozambique. The team’s cholera outbreak risk model used HRSL as an input, which provided population estimates for the areas affected. The team created a web-based tool to help examine these risk factors more closely and predict how affected populations would behave in real time.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"20a0\" id=\"20a0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Universal Access Energy Lab and Waya Energy’s use of HRSL for Rural Electrification Planning\u003C/strong>: The Universal Access Energy Lab (UAEL) developed the Reference Electrification Model (REM) to help plan detailed electricity networks in developing countries, and connect unelectrified people to the existing infrastructure. REM uses various data streams to determine the optimal electrification modes, estimate costs of electrification for each unit, and produce preliminary designs and recommended engineering systems. As a part of this effort, UAEL uses HRSL to determine the location of residential customers and expected growth through 2024. Waya Energy, a spin-off of UAEL, partners with governments, utilities, agencies, and private-sector organizations to implement this model. Government planners and entrepreneurs can use REM to make better decisions about how to plan and implement electrification projects across the country — including Waya Energy’s work on the National Electrification Plan for Rwanda.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"0cc1\" id=\"0cc1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">The Data Artefact Study signals the potential value of population density mapping innovations but also the potential benefits of inter-sectoral partnerships and sharing in the space. The piece also examines several risks and challenges present in the space ranging from poor image quality to the potential for vulnerable populations to be exposed if population information is shared in conflict zones or politically unstable areas. It concludes with an overview of several avenues for future research and experimentation — including last mile service delivery, agriculture forecasting, urban planning, and disaster preparedness.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a52a\" id=\"a52a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/data-artefact-study-hrsl.pdf\" data-href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/data-artefact-study-hrsl.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Read the Data Artefact Study here\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"df1f\" id=\"df1f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Data Artefact Study was informed by stakeholder interviews with Andres Gonzalez Garcia and Clara Pérez-Andújar Carretié (Universal Access Energy Lab); Andrew Schroeder (Direct Relief); Greg Yetman (CIESIN); Andreas Gros (Facebook); and Laura McGorman (Facebook). It also underwent an open peer review process which surfaced invaluable recommendations and insights from Andrew Tatem (University of Southampton); Mrinalini Kochupillai (Technical University Munich); Laura Kahn (Accenture Federal Services); Eduardo Bajar (Fundapi); John McNutt (University of Delaware); Ethar Eitnay (ThinkTank Initiative); and Aleksandar Kostadinov (MCIC).\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/the-govlab-releases-new-study-on-population-density-data-and-its-uses",{"title":1724,"description":1727},"the-govlab-releases-new-study-on-population-density-data-and-its-uses","blogposts/the-govlab-releases-new-study-on-population-density-data-and-its-uses","1AA-43ncPhKrkL8l3nRap5TVFAsRTWjHk1zDdBbQ4MI",{"id":1737,"title":1738,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1739,"body":34,"category":44,"date":1740,"description":1741,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1738,"image":1742,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1743,"meta":1744,"navigation":15,"path":1745,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1746,"slug":1747,"startTime":34,"stem":1748,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1749},"blogposts/blogposts/open-data-policy-lab-city-incubator-announces-inaugural-cohort.json","Open Data Policy Lab City Incubator Announces Inaugural Cohort",[],"2021-09-20T16:18:08","After reviewing applications that covered five continents, we’re excited to announce the ten participants for our inaugural Open Data Policy Lab’s City Incubator cohort and their data innovations...","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*1JmTsFEibgWEzdIl","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"b939\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Open Data Policy Lab City Incubator Announces Inaugural Cohort\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"4f32\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This piece was originally published by Adrienne Schmoeker through the Open Data Policy Lab, an initiative by The GovLab and Microsoft to support decision-makers at the local, state and national levels as they accelerate the responsible re-use and opening of data for the benefit of society and the equitable spread of economic opportunity. See the original piece \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/city-incubator-open-data-policy-lab-city-incubator-announces-inaugural-cohort/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/city-incubator-open-data-policy-lab-city-incubator-announces-inaugural-cohort/index.html\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"1e14\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*1JmTsFEibgWEzdIl\" data-image-id=\"0*1JmTsFEibgWEzdIl\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"816\" data-is-featured=\"true\">\n\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Photo by\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" href=\"https://unsplash.com/@lauraghise?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/@lauraghise?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\"> Laura Ghise\u003C/a> on\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" href=\"https://unsplash.com/s/photos/timisoara-romania?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/s/photos/timisoara-romania?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\"> Unsplash\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"f2e3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In spite of a global pandemic, cities around the world are continuing to build and scale impactful, effective, equity-driven, and open data infrastructure to support their constituents. At the Open Data Policy Lab we call this work “data innovation.” Earlier this year, we announced the creation of the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/\">City Incubator\u003C/a> program to support this work and provide leaders in city government with the tools and guidance they need to achieve their goals.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2257\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">After reviewing applications that covered five continents, we’re excited to announce the ten participants for our inaugural Open Data Policy Lab’s City Incubator cohort and their data innovations:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"4b7a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Jennifer Bodnarchuk: City of Winnipeg, Canada\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"18bb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Promoting accessibility, equity, diversity & inclusion in Winnipeg by developing the first City of Winnipeg Diversity Dashboard. This dashboard will provide transparency and visibility of the municipal government’s workforce demographics and updates on the activities at this city to create a more welcoming and inclusive workplace culture and city.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"54e0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Jennifer is the data lead on a cross-departmental Diversity Reports Working Group, which also includes: Justin Dallmann, Jordana Greenberg, Diane Burelle, Corrin Musey Denisuik, and Kirstian Lezubski.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3bfb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Emri Brickner: Beer Sheva, Israel\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3722\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Scaling and broadening the scope of a data product that combines city population data across various channels with both internal and external insight tools and datasets to support economic development, decision making and broader public transparency efforts.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"9484\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Additional members of the Beer Sheva Data Team supporting this work include: Chief Officer for IT and Innovation Yehud Marciano, System Administrator Ehud Rothman, Business Intelligence Specialist Dor Yakov and GIS Specialist Yuval Helberg.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f7f1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Andrea Calderon: City of Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0f2e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Operationalizing the city’s equity ethos into a public geospatial tool, the Albuquerque Equity Index, which shows geographies of inequity in Albuquerque and helps evaluate the reach of city service distribution with the goal of increasing municipal investment.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a7b0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Other contributors to this work from the City of Albuquerque include: Michelle Gricius, Geospatial Information Systems Manager; Haley Kadish, Performance & Innovation Officer and Michelle Melendez, Director of the Office of Equity & Inclusion.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1fb5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Nicolas Diaz: City of Syracuse, New York, United States of America\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1cd7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Supporting a new model for equitably assessing the property tax value of properties in Syracuse, New York leveraging machine learning capabilities through A Fair Assessment.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"dc0f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Additional collaborators for this work from the City of Syracuse include Matthew Oja, Deputy Commissioner of Assessment, and Conor Muldoon, Deputy Chief Innovation & Data Officer.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f95c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Valentin Muresan: Timișoara, Romania\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"76bd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Helping a central team and program, the Timișoara Open Data Lab, establish data & AI ethics, standardization and policies, open data, and technology-supported citizen engagement; this new resource will promote economic development and improve citizen quality of life and open governance for Timișoara.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"db26\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Siddhanta Neupane: Changunarayan Municipality, Nepal\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"aa46\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Taking the Changunarayan Open Data Platform to the next level by developing necessary open data standards, policies and governance structures along with advancements in the geospatial functions of the platform.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"190c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">An additional collaborator for this work includes Naxa, a technology provider working with the Municipality of Changunarayan.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0c8f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Cindy Nicklin & Oliver Bjornsson: New York City, United States of America\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7535\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">To support COVID-19 recovery efforts, the NYC Mayor’s Office of Data Analytics launched the Recovery Data Partnership, a data collaborative enabling 80 city analysts access to 15 external datasets; through the City Incubator the team seeks to institutionalize this process to support future use cases and collaborations with third party datasets to support data-driven decisionmaking citywide.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c155\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Danny Perches: City of Springfield, Missouri, United States of America\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f9ff\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Developing a public key performance indicator dashboard in order to demonstrate action and progress across the city’s various functions and improve trust with the public.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"548d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Henry Xavier Hernandez Rendon: City of Guayaquil, Ecuador\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"4612\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Launching a public market analysis geospatial open data tool, Citizen 360, to support businesses and other organizations and individuals in understanding potential investment opportunities in the city.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2275\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Other contributors to this work from the Municipality of Guayaquil include: Director of Technology Luis Fernando Baquerizo, Database Specialist Juan Luis Riofrio Pérez, Digital Transformation Director of EPICO (Innovation and Competitiveness Agency of Municipalidad de Guayaquil) David Ponce, Digital Transformation Analyst of EPICO Ernesto Ruales and Eduardo Bejar the Director of Fundapi (an open data nonprofit).\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b8bc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Luciano Pedro Santoni: Municipality of the City of Mendoza, Argentina\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6c4c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Digitizing and supporting datafication of road accidents in Mendoza City through a citizen science project engaging residents.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3184\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Other contributors to this work from the Municipality of the City of Mendoza are: Spatial Data Infrastructure Coordinator Cristian Chavarini; Director of Open Data and Citizen Participation Federico Morandini and members of his team, Maria Candela Grec and Emmanuel Cola.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f632\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">From September 2021 through March 2022, program participants will receive the following support to help them realize their data innovations:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"21fc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Dedicated Convenings:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1d98\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Kickoff Workshop: September\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7978\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Setting the stage, meeting each other, and “virtual mindset sprint” for a data innovation activity.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ff60\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Meet the Mentors Workshop: November\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b73c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A meet-and-greet event to identify additional opportunities to leverage the expertise of mentors moving forward.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"abd6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Final Presentation: March\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5526\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Presenting participants’ data innovations to a community of leaders in the civic technology and data innovation fields. A pitch training and practice session will be scheduled to prepare for this in February.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3b0e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Ongoing programming:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"38bc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data Innovation Bootcamp: September–November\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1345\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Built from the principles of the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\">Third Wave of Open Data\u003C/a>, these weekly sessions will include four key components: Theory; Tools; Try; and Talk. They will explore: Foundations of Data Innovation, Planning, Inclusive Innovation, Positioning, Launch Strategy and Sustainability.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"21f9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Practitioner Discussion Series: November–February\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8433\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Twice a month participants will learn from guest practitioners, who will provide a lecture on select subjects tailored to the needs and interests of the program cohort, followed by a group discussion.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"affa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Peer Knowledge Exchange: Monthly throughout the program\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"9cef\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We strongly believe that innovation is a team sport and are excited for program participants to learn from and support each other throughout the program. Monthly Knowledge Exchanges, “show and tells,” will provide space for participants to share past work with each other.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8dd6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Bespoke Guidance from Mentor Brain Trust: As needed throughout the program\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"597c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Our Council of Mentors is a network of experts, many of whom have been public sector innovators themselves. Mentors will be matched with program participants for one-on-one guidance by the City Incubator program staff based on participants’ needs throughout the program.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"cbba\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">City Incubator Program Staff Check-Ins: Throughout the program\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5ce0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The City Incubator Program Team has a wide range of experiences and are eager to support program participants however they can. During select periods throughout the program, participants will have a one-on-one meeting with a program team member and will otherwise be expected to report on progress weekly via email.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2df8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data Innovation in Practice Series : Throughout the program\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5af7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A series of webinars where the City Incubator participants can introduce the innovation they are working on to a public audience for feedback and/or knowledge-sharing.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8583\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">***\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"18f8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Open Data Policy Lab’s City Incubator is supported by a variety of partners which include\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://microsoft.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://microsoft.com\">Microsoft\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://citypossible.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://citypossible.com/\">City Possible\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://luminategroup.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://luminategroup.com/\">Luminate\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://cusp.nyu.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://cusp.nyu.edu/\">NYU CUSP\u003C/a>, the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://publicsectornetwork.co/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://publicsectornetwork.co/\">Public Sector Network\u003C/a> and \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://opennorth.ca/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://opennorth.ca/\">OpenNorth\u003C/a>. We are also fortunate to have an impressive cohort of mentors as a part of our Council of Mentors, available as a resource to support our program participants as needs arise. These mentors include Juan Murillo Arias, Alby Bocanegra, Joy Bonaguro, Mathilde Bras, Natalia Carfi, Ciro Cattuto, Natalie Evans Harris, Malcolm Fraser, Matthew Hooper, Hannah Kates, Leonid Kholkine, Jason Lally, Kris V. Libunao, Jacqueline Lu, Soizic Penicaud, Jonathan Pichot, Naysan Saran, Aimee Sprung, Iacopo Testi, Nils Walravens, Chris Whong, Dan Wu.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"cf71\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">We invite you to learn more about the Open Data Policy Lab City Incubator Program \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://incubator.opendatapolicylab.org/\">here\u003C/a> and sign up to join the Data Stewards Network and hear updates about the City Incubator as it progresses by signing up for our newsletter \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://bit.ly/DSNCityIncubator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://bit.ly/DSNCityIncubator\">via this link\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/open-data-policy-lab-city-incubator-announces-inaugural-cohort",{"title":1738,"description":1741},"open-data-policy-lab-city-incubator-announces-inaugural-cohort","blogposts/open-data-policy-lab-city-incubator-announces-inaugural-cohort","SUj92GP5mTN_7P8NJp_F1wT6LAkzmHteIYIRzLucz4Q",{"id":1751,"title":1752,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1753,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1754,"description":1755,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1752,"image":1756,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1757,"meta":1758,"navigation":15,"path":1759,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1760,"slug":1761,"startTime":34,"stem":1762,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1763},"blogposts/blogposts/how-are-african-countries-using-data-to-address-the-covid-19-pandemic.json","How Are African Countries Using Data to Address the COVID-19 Pandemic?",[],"2021-07-30T18:25:19","Moderated by Stefaan Verhulst, Co-Founder and Chief Research and Development Officer of The GovLab, Dr. Francis Obare and Dr. Chinwe Ochu…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*HkO0wY1nAxRjZhHI5R_qmg.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"5f82\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"9fd1\" id=\"9fd1\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">How Are African Countries Using Data to Address the COVID-19 Pandemic? Early Reflections from the #Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"5612\" id=\"5612\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This piece, written by Samantha Lee, was \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/blog/data4covid19-july-english-panel\" data-href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/blog/data4covid19-july-english-panel\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">originally published\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> on the #Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge blog, which contains information on a data challenge hosted by l’Agence française de développement (AFD), Expertise France, and The GovLab to support projects that use data to address COVID-19 and its consequences across Africa. To learn more please visit \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/\" data-href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">https://datachallenge.africa/\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"681c\" id=\"681c\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*HkO0wY1nAxRjZhHI5R_qmg.png\" data-width=\"957\" data-height=\"540\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*HkO0wY1nAxRjZhHI5R_qmg.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Clockwise: Stefaan Verhulst (The GovLab), Chinwe Ochu (Nigeria Centre for Disease Control), Francis Obare Onyango (Population Council, Kenya)\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"c92f\" id=\"c92f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The COVID-19 pandemic has had significant consequences across Africa. Various countries face \u003Ca href=\"https://news.un.org/en/story/2021/07/1096252\" data-href=\"https://news.un.org/en/story/2021/07/1096252\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">rising cases\u003C/a>, a surge in \u003Ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jul/04/health-service-buckling-as-third-coronavirus-wave-fuelled-by-delta-variant-sweeps-across-south-africa\" data-href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jul/04/health-service-buckling-as-third-coronavirus-wave-fuelled-by-delta-variant-sweeps-across-south-africa\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">variants\u003C/a>, and a \u003Ca href=\"https://www.dw.com/en/who-warns-of-lack-of-vaccines-in-africa/av-57477376\" data-href=\"https://www.dw.com/en/who-warns-of-lack-of-vaccines-in-africa/av-57477376\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">lack of access to vaccines\u003C/a>. They also need to handle issues related to individual knowledge of the pandemic and public perception of protective behaviors. These challenges require innovative approaches, innovative approaches that rely on data innovation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f8ea\" id=\"f8ea\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">On Wednesday, July 14, 2021, The GovLab hosted a panel to discuss these issues in the context of the \u003Ca href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/\" data-href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">#Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge\u003C/a>, a data challenge hosted by l’Agence française de développement (AFD), Expertise France, and The GovLab to support projects that use data to address COVID-19 and its consequences across Africa. Titled \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">How are African countries using data to address the COVID-19 Pandemic? Early Reflections from the #Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge, \u003C/em>the event featured a discussion with two challenge participants:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"c64c\" id=\"c64c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.iddo.org/ebola-steering-committee-iddo-staff/dr-chinwe-lucia-ochu\" data-href=\"https://www.iddo.org/ebola-steering-committee-iddo-staff/dr-chinwe-lucia-ochu\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Dr. Chinwe Ochu\u003C/a>, Medical doctor and Public Health Specialist, Director, Prevention Programmes & Knowledge Management, the Nigeria Center for Disease Control; and\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6bd5\" id=\"6bd5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.popcouncil.org/research/expert/francis-obare-onyango\" data-href=\"https://www.popcouncil.org/research/expert/francis-obare-onyango\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Dr. Francis Obare Onyango\u003C/a>, Associate at the Population Council, Kenya.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"531e\" id=\"531e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">Moderated by Stefaan Verhulst, Co-Founder and Chief Research and Development Officer of The GovLab, Dr. Francis Obare and Dr. Chinwe Ochu discussed the current state of the pandemic in Africa, the use of data in their respective regions, and how data can be used to combat the pandemic.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"02a8\" id=\"02a8\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p\">\u003Ciframe src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/CueIYnFU_Iw?feature=oembed\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"877d\" id=\"877d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Current State of COVID-19 in Africa\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cc3b\" id=\"cc3b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To open the panel, Stefaan Verhulst asked Drs. Chinwe Ochu and Francis Obare about the current state of COVID-19 in Kenya and Nigeria and how Africa differed from other places in terms of their pandemic response.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"35d5\" id=\"35d5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Dr. Ochu emphasized that, while the relative impact of the virus on Nigeria has changed over time, it did not conform to expectations. Various groups expected severe disruptions in early 2020 that did not manifest until much later.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b320\" id=\"b320\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“In Nigeria, we started with the first case in February last year and passed through the first wave. Initially, the cases were limited to those who were coming into the country from other countries because the primary source of the outbreak was not in Nigeria. Our public health response then focused more on limiting importation. What helped us slow down the spread was the proactive response of travel bans and lockdowns that happened quite early during the outbreak. We eventually got to a community transmission phase that led to the first peak which then came down with a lot of intensity of response, public health response.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ca81\" id=\"ca81\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">She attributed the initial success of pandemic management to quick response and data use to inform the response. The Nigerian government \u003Ca href=\"https://covid19.ncdc.gov.ng/advisory/\" data-href=\"https://covid19.ncdc.gov.ng/advisory/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">formed\u003C/a> a presidential task force to coordinate response efforts to COVID-19 a few days after the first case of COVID-19 was detected in the country and used lessons learned from experiences with the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.devex.com/news/nigeria-struggles-with-largest-recorded-lassa-fever-outbreak-96773\" data-href=\"https://www.devex.com/news/nigeria-struggles-with-largest-recorded-lassa-fever-outbreak-96773\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">lassa fever outbreak\u003C/a>. With a surveillance outbreak response management and analysis system, the government could collect data for public health policy-making.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ad1c\" id=\"ad1c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Dr. Obare added that the experience in Kenya was similar to that of Nigeria in terms of the trajectory of the pandemic and government response. Dr. Obare provided insights from a demographic perspective, noting that the elderly were the most vulnerable to the pandemic in terms of health and social consequences. School closures due to the pandemic also greatly affected young people, and more specifically, girls, with media reports indicating a rise in teenage pregnancies and domestic violence.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"add2\" id=\"add2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">He also attributed Kenya’s relatively gradual community spread to the initial measures that were put in place by the government to control the pandemic.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8bcd\" id=\"8bcd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“When the pandemic came, we took the opportunity to see how we can use the surveys we’ve been conducting to generate rapid evidence that informed government response […] The National Bureau of Statistics also started conducting rapid phone surveys to assess the socio-economic impact of the pandemic. All these have come in handy to inform the government response […] and making sure that accurate information about the pandemic is channeled out there,” said Dr. Obare.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3a40\" id=\"3a40\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Lessons Learned from the Use of Data to Combat the COVID-19 Pandemic\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f060\" id=\"f060\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Next, Stefaan asked the panelists to explain the lessons learned and questions raised from the use of data in the COVID-19 pandemic. Dr. Ochu emphasized the value of data in helping leaders to understand the situation of people living through the crisis.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"36d7\" id=\"36d7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“We needed to understand the perceptions of the people that we are working with. Even the perceptions of different population groups, some of whom could be more vulnerable than others, we didn’t start with all the questions, but we kept asking questions as a follow up to questions that will have already been addressed, and as we observed the trend of events, more questions come up.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dde6\" id=\"dde6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Dr. Obare described how Kenya responded to new information as the nature of the pandemic evolved. He noted that the first question was to understand the nature of COVID-19. Understanding the disease then allowed the development of appropriate response, and questions were refined as new information emerged.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7bd1\" id=\"7bd1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Once the nature of the health threat was understood, the focus shifted to understanding the people, how they responded to prevention measures, and what the effects of these measures were on different sub-groups of the population. Dr. Obare also noted how Kenya continuously used data to figure out ways to communicate these measures to the people.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b334\" id=\"b334\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“In the Kenyan case, for instance, even with the very limited information available, modeling the disease patterns has been key,” said Dr. Obare, “Modeling showed that there will be a peak in around March, April this year […], so you see the kind of role that modeling plays to help plan, basically, what we do [when there] will be a peak [and] what measures we need to put in place to make sure that we respond effectively. That’s also an important role that data plays.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c7f7\" id=\"c7f7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Misinformation and Distrust in Data Use\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"af7c\" id=\"af7c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Following this discussion, Stefaan asked the panelists how their respective regions handled the issue of misinformation and distrust around data use and collection.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f48f\" id=\"f48f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Dr. Ochu explained that she and her colleagues relied on trusted, reliable partners. She said, “we collaborated with statisticians and experts from universities, academia, and those that were really good at managing data, modeling and making sense out of the routine data that we collect.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f1c3\" id=\"f1c3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">She also emphasized the importance of health information management. A good health management system that collects regular, standardized data can be used to inform public health actions.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6c9f\" id=\"6c9f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Dr. Obare then explained how trust in data is promoted through processes and procedures aimed at reinforcing appropriate standards.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9c7a\" id=\"9c7a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“In Kenya, we have systems for approving surveys, basically making sure that whatever studies we do go through scientific and ethical review. In emergency situations like COVID-19, there are options for expedited reviews […] Being aware that, okay, this study went through some systematic review before the data is generated to be released is a way of establishing trust.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b655\" id=\"b655\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">He went on to speak briefly about the importance of public communication.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d5f4\" id=\"d5f4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“How we communicate [about data] is also key because I remember in the early days of the pandemic, people trusted more updates from the Minister [of Health] himself, than from anybody else. So, when the Minister is speaking, people have trust in what he’s saying and basically believe the numbers. So, the source of the information is also key in establishing trust, besides the process used to generate it.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"21b4\" id=\"21b4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Work in the Context of the #Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a02f\" id=\"a02f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Finally, Stefaan asked the panelists to talk about the work they are doing in the context of the #Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c904\" id=\"c904\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Dr. Ochu outlined the plans of the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control to understand the social, economic, and political factors that influence perception of COVID-19 and resulting behavior. She stated, “we want to look back at some of the datasets that we have to see what we can understand and what the facilitators and barriers to compliance are with the public health and social measures in the country.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"deb9\" id=\"deb9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In a collaboration between the Nigeria Center of Disease Control and the College of Medicine, “we’ll be looking to address specific questions, the major questions, to look at social, economic and political factors that influence knowledge and perception of COVID-19 among Nigerians, and how such knowledge and perception shapes the population’s behavior and adherence to COVID-19 safety protocols.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f644\" id=\"f644\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This work would help Nigeria respond to future outbreaks and help it promote public compliance with health and safety protocols.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"45d7\" id=\"45d7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Dr. Obare, meanwhile, described his research team’s work to examine perceptions of COVID-19 and vulnerability to it. He and his colleagues at the Population Council and Busara Center for Behavioral Economics hope to understand how perception affects “adoption of protective behaviors, referring not only to the normal ones known, like wearing face masks, keeping distance and washing hands, but also issues to do with vaccine acceptability because as we conducted more survey rounds, we added questions about vaccine accessibility.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2653\" id=\"2653\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This research — relying on data science, machine learning, and non-traditional sources — could support better response measures.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5270\" id=\"5270\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">***\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"27e9\" id=\"27e9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Although the COVID-19 pandemic has been challenging, data can provide a way to better understand and address the crisis.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e9b4\" id=\"e9b4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">We hope you will remain engaged over the coming weeks to understand how researchers at Nigeria Center for Disease Control and Population Council, Kenya are working on these issues through the #Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge. Updates on their work and the work of our other teams will be posted on our website, \u003Ca href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/\" data-href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://datachallenge.africa/\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/how-are-african-countries-using-data-to-address-the-covid-19-pandemic",{"title":1752,"description":1755},"how-are-african-countries-using-data-to-address-the-covid-19-pandemic","blogposts/how-are-african-countries-using-data-to-address-the-covid-19-pandemic","BcJKZEXVMgpBEm2hSeXinMvglU0UvXKRhBScbg6USfA",{"id":1765,"title":1766,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1767,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1768,"description":1769,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1766,"image":1770,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1771,"meta":1772,"navigation":15,"path":1773,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1774,"slug":1775,"startTime":34,"stem":1776,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1777},"blogposts/blogposts/city-university-collaboration-in-community-oriented-data-re-use-and-responsible-civic-artificial.json","City-University Collaboration in Community Oriented Data Re-Use and Responsible Civic Artificial",[],"2021-06-10T19:51:53","This blog post was originally published by the MetroLab Network, an international collaborative of 28 cities, 6 counties, and 36…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*lNn_kHrZMKpDunrW.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"5bfb\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"a6bd\" id=\"a6bd\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">City-University Collaboration in Community Oriented Data Re-Use and Responsible Civic Artificial Intelligence with Andrew Young (GovLab)\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"d9a2\" id=\"d9a2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://metrolabnetwork.medium.com/city-university-collaboration-in-community-oriented-data-re-use-and-responsible-civic-artificial-bae707cef0bb\" data-href=\"https://metrolabnetwork.medium.com/city-university-collaboration-in-community-oriented-data-re-use-and-responsible-civic-artificial-bae707cef0bb\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">blog post\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> was originally published by the \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://metrolabnetwork.medium.com/\" data-href=\"https://metrolabnetwork.medium.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">MetroLab Network\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, an international collaborative of 28 cities, 6 counties, and 36 universities focused on civic research and innovation. The author, Garrett Morrow, served as MetroLab’s Experiential Research Fellow during Fall 2020 and the author of the MetroLab Network’s “Data, Privacy, and the Future of Trust in Public Institutions” series. To learn more and access other posts in the series, \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://metrolabnetwork.medium.com/blog-series-data-privacy-and-the-future-of-trust-in-public-institutions-4546a44e0cac\" data-href=\"https://metrolabnetwork.medium.com/blog-series-data-privacy-and-the-future-of-trust-in-public-institutions-4546a44e0cac\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">check out its first post here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> or visit the MetroLab Network’s site at \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://metrolabnetwork.org/\" data-href=\"http://metrolabnetwork.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">metrolabnetwork.org\u003C/em>\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"99c6\" id=\"99c6\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*lNn_kHrZMKpDunrW.jpeg\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"666\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*lNn_kHrZMKpDunrW.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Photo by \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/@kaleidico?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/@kaleidico?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Kaleidico\u003C/a> on \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/s/photos/collaboration-data?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/s/photos/collaboration-data?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Unsplash\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"5ce9\" id=\"5ce9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">I interviewed Andrew Young of \u003Ca href=\"https://www.thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">GovLab\u003C/a> on January 7, 2021 about the group’s recent work, including their AI Localism project. Andrew started a master’s degree in media culture at NYU (where the GovLab is housed) in 2011 with a focus on digital politics and related issues. This was during President Obama’s second term campaign run so there was a focus on political data collection and micro-targeting advertising for voters. However, instead of getting into presidential politics, Andrew’s focus was on Congress and using tracking technologies on congressional campaign websites. As part of his work at NYU, his thesis advisor was Stefaan Verhulst who Andrew also worked with at the Markle Foundation, with a focus on economic security. After Andrew finished his master’s program, Stefaan and Beth Simone Noveck were establishing GovLab, and Andrew joined soon after as one of the group’s first employees.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f09e\" id=\"f09e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Andrew told me that the overarching goal of GovLab is to improve people’s lives and change the way that we govern using technology. One of GovLab’s first foci was establishing and defining how to define governance innovation. To this end, the group created research networks and connected with groups like the MacArthur Foundation to look at open governance and convene experts from many different disciplines. The GovLab was really focused on moving beyond citizen complaint or petition platforms like 311 to a larger, more holistic view of technological governance including open data initiatives and creating public value out of data that is typically siloed and distributed throughout numerous municipal institutions.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"17ad\" id=\"17ad\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A recent outgrowth of the GovLab’s work around public data is their AI Localism project that launched in Fall 2020. Stefaan and Mona Sloane, also of NYU and the GovLab, published a short commentary that framed the issues of governance via artificial intelligence with a focus on local, city AI programs because that level of government is where most of the policy implementation will have a direct effect on residents’ lives. The project is currently trying to figure out the state of AI governance and is building a collaborative repository of local AI projects. By creating this repository, the GovLab can help better define and understand an area of governance that is still not very understood. To that end, the group is collecting examples of AI governance and how they frame the supposed benefits to the public good. In other words, what are the value propositions of these AI programs? The goal of the AI Localism project is to support more systematic, sustainable, and responsible efforts of studying the governance programs, but also develop and implement them.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7118\" id=\"7118\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Some of the questions posed by AI Localism align closely with my own dissertation work. For example, it is not just a question of how these programs are being implemented, but how they are being governed, audited, modified, and kept accountable. Additionally, Andrew talked about policy elements like established shared principles and overarching rights that can form a more responsible AI governance framework that considers issues of public data literacy or communicating how the AI program is benefiting the public. Another challenge of building the AI Localism project is going beyond criminal justice or police department applications of automation and including a diversity of AI programs. Part of this challenge goes back to the common problem of defining the programs. It is difficult to really analyze value propositions for the public good without getting a good sense of AI application programs.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bcd9\" id=\"bcd9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As part of their work on responsible data reuse in different contexts, including at the city level, GovLab is also engaging in a public citizen deliberation process like what the group did in their Summer 2020 program that solicited public responses to the use and re-use of COVID-19 data in New York City. As I have seen throughout my conversations with civic technology experts, engaging with the community is an essential, yet challenging process for the development and implementation of technology-based programs. As part of its broader COVID-19 initiative The GovLab partnered with the New York mayor’s office and public libraries to try to translate some of their findings into policy action and help the public to better understand privacy issues about their data. While engaging with the public, Andrew spoke about the dynamics of the pandemic limiting the representativeness of their sample due to the need for remote engagement, so he does not think they got the entire range of perspectives, but he does believe that many important concerns and on-the-ground realities were well represented and made their way into the project. Andrew also believes that the project provides a methodology for tapping into public and stakeholder perceptions in a more structured and nuanced manner which can provide a social license for data reuse in the public interest. The challenges of getting a representative sample of New York City residents also speaks to the inequities of COVID-19. In terms of process, the GovLab was able to leverage existing connections and institutional capacity to reach out to the New York city public. Additionally, outreach was conducted through an online platform that helped with recruiting people throughout the city.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9e53\" id=\"9e53\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">My conversation with Andrew was a good look at how a cross-sector collaboration, including specifically university-city collaboration, can work to great effect, especially in terms of the COVID-19 data use and re-use program outreach process. Our talk also underlined many of the common themes around data and AI policy programs: definitional issues, responsible governance, community engagement, transparency and accountability, and communication of public value. The AI Localism project is still early in its development but it is a necessary step in understanding the governance of automated government decision making, especially as long-term effects of COVID-19 on our cities will lead to more technology use across government institutions.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ef86\" id=\"ef86\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Garrett Morrow is a Ph.D. candidate in Political Science at Northeastern University. His dissertation looks at the politics and public trust of smart city policies, data, and algorithms. During Fall 2020, Garrett was also an Experiential Research Fellow with us here at MetroLab. His work was funded through the College of Social Sciences and Humanities at Northeastern. Garrett can be reached at morrow.g@northeastern.edu.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/city-university-collaboration-in-community-oriented-data-re-use-and-responsible-civic-artificial",{"title":1766,"description":1769},"city-university-collaboration-in-community-oriented-data-re-use-and-responsible-civic-artificial","blogposts/city-university-collaboration-in-community-oriented-data-re-use-and-responsible-civic-artificial","9WaepAUuBBYlkJjftqdedbkmxrnhD150Be5yfdnU-bc",{"id":1779,"title":1780,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1781,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1782,"description":1783,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1780,"image":1784,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1785,"meta":1786,"navigation":15,"path":1787,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1788,"slug":1789,"startTime":34,"stem":1790,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1791},"blogposts/blogposts/tech-tools-help-deepen-citizen-input-in-drafting-laws-abroad-and-in-us-states.json","Tech tools help deepen citizen input in drafting laws abroad and in U.S. states",[],"2021-04-20T18:02:07","Taiwan, Brazil and also New Jersey are using technology to bring greater citizen input into lawmaking","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*aNJ0aKpMcDVkTKBl.jpg","\n\u003Csection name=\"834c\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"3142\" id=\"3142\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Tech tools help deepen citizen input in drafting laws abroad and in U.S. states\u003C/h3>\u003Ch3 name=\"334b\" id=\"334b\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--h3\">Taiwan, Brazil and also New Jersey are using technology to bring greater citizen input into lawmaking\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"2dfd\" id=\"2dfd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">This article was written by Gopal Ratnam and originally published in \u003Ca href=\"https://rollcall.com/2021/04/20/tech-tools-help-deepen-citizen-input-in-drafting-laws-abroad-and-in-u-s-states/\" data-href=\"https://rollcall.com/2021/04/20/tech-tools-help-deepen-citizen-input-in-drafting-laws-abroad-and-in-u-s-states/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Roll Call\u003C/a> on April 20, 2021. This is a repost of the original publication.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"5966\" id=\"5966\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*aNJ0aKpMcDVkTKBl.jpg\" data-width=\"1024\" data-height=\"668\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*aNJ0aKpMcDVkTKBl.jpg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">An activist holds sunflowers and wears a sticker of Taiwan’s national flag on her face in support of the Sunflower Student Movement, which occupied the parliament building in Taipei in 2014. The movement led to the island adopting citizen input votes through mobile phone technology. (AFP via Getty Images)\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"50ac\" id=\"50ac\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Earlier this month, New Jersey’s Department of Education launched a citizen engagement process asking students, teachers and parents to vote on ideas for changes that officials should consider as the state reopens its schools after the pandemic closed classrooms for a year.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"589c\" id=\"589c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The project, managed by The Governance Lab at New York University’s Tandon School of Engineering, is part of a monthlong nationwide effort using an online survey tool called All Our Ideas to help state education officials prioritize policymaking based on ideas solicited from those who are directly affected by the policies.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9db6\" id=\"9db6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Among the thousands of votes cast for various ideas nationwide, teachers and parents backed changes that would teach more problem-solving skills to kids. But students backed a different idea as the most important: making sure that kids have social and emotional skills, as well as “self-awareness and empathy.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a087\" id=\"a087\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A government body soliciting ideas from those who are directly affected, via online technology, is one small example of greater citizen participation in governance that advocates hope can grow at both state and federal levels.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3e38\" id=\"3e38\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Although some U.S. states are taking small steps toward engaging their citizens more through technology, democracies such as Taiwan and Brazil are making greater strides in using technology to include citizens in drafting national legislation that helps break the traditional monopoly on the process by powerful vested interests.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1abc\" id=\"1abc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“There are people who now have access and want to be ‘in the room where it happens’ and who don’t want other people to have access,” said Beth Simone Noveck, director of the Governance Lab, which advocates using tech tools to broaden the democratic process around the world.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"60aa\" id=\"60aa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“That’s why it’s important to create multiplicity of avenues for participation,” so average citizens who are directly affected by rules and laws can have an equal footing with the powerful, she said.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"86ed\" id=\"86ed\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Artificial-intelligence-based platforms available today can aid in crowdsourcing by helping gather, categorize and summarize opinions from large audiences, as well as extract new information to assist policymakers, Noveck said.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"ea45\" id=\"ea45\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">The case of Taiwan\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"ac5d\" id=\"ac5d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Taiwan has taken crowdsourcing legislative ideas to a new height.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8952\" id=\"8952\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Using a variety of open-source engagement and consultation tools that are collectively known as the vTaiwan process, government ministries, elected representatives, experts, civil society groups, businesses and ordinary citizens come together to produce legislation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"815d\" id=\"815d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The need for an open consultation process stemmed from the 2014 Sunflower Student Movement, when groups of students and others occupied the Taiwanese parliament to protest the fast-tracking of a trade agreement with China with little public review.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"064c\" id=\"064c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">After the country’s parliament acceded to the demands, the “consensus opinion was that instead of people having to occupy the parliament every time there’s a controversial, emergent issue, it might actually work better if we have a consultation mechanism in the very beginning of the issue rather than at the end,” said Audrey Tang, Taiwan’s digital minister.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"de98\" id=\"de98\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">[\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.rollcall.com/2021/04/14/senators-press-spy-agencies-to-focus-on-chinas-technological-advances/\" data-href=\"https://www.rollcall.com/2021/04/14/senators-press-spy-agencies-to-focus-on-chinas-technological-advances/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Senators press spy agencies to focus on China’s technological advances\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">]\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6758\" id=\"6758\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The vTaiwan process focuses mostly on digital economy issues and has addressed 26 different legislative proposals, with 80 percent resulting in legislation or government action, according to the project’s website.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2e88\" id=\"2e88\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In one well-known case from 2016, the vTaiwan process was used to determine how to regulate Uber. During a four-week process, as many as 4,000 people participated in consultations using Polis, a machine-learning-based platform that gathers and analyzes opinions from a large number of participants.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c7ce\" id=\"c7ce\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Taiwan’s government then ratified into legislation the four broad consensus items that emerged from the consultation process.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cecc\" id=\"cecc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Non-digital-economy issues, such as environmental issues and marriage equality, are handled in Join, a process similar to vTaiwan that is managed by the country’s public service officials, Tang said.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8849\" id=\"8849\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To ensure that only Taiwanese citizens participate in the process, users must have a SIM card issued by one of the five telecom companies in the country and registered users get a confirmation code sent to their phone, Tang said.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7b86\" id=\"7b86\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“There’s actually a surprisingly high difficulty in obtaining thousands of SIM cards” for anyone trying to impersonate or interfere in the process, she said.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"207e\" id=\"207e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">All the open-source software platforms are run on government-operated cloud infrastructure and tested for cyber weakness, she said.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"b6b8\" id=\"b6b8\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">The case of Brazil\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"bf3e\" id=\"bf3e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">At about the same time that Taiwan’s Sunflower movement was unfolding, in Brazil then-President Dilma Rousseff signed into law the country’s internet bill of rights in April 2014.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2ad4\" id=\"2ad4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The bill was drafted and refined through a consultative process that included not only legal and technical experts but average citizens as well, said Debora Albu, program coordinator at the Institute for Technology and Society of Rio, also known as ITS.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2943\" id=\"2943\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The institute was involved in designing the platform for seeking public participation, Albu said.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3163\" id=\"3163\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“From then onwards, we wanted to continue developing projects that incorporated this idea of collective intelligence built into the development of legislation or public policies,” Albu said.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fd6a\" id=\"fd6a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In 2015, ITS launched a project called Mudamos, which initially involved a web platform that hosted debates on public policy issues, and later an app that Brazilians can use to propose legislation and collect signatures from fellow citizens to back their proposals.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bd3f\" id=\"bd3f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">While Brazil’s constitution allows its citizens to propose legislation at the local, state and even federal level, and draw support by gathering signatures, the right has remained largely unused because the task of collecting and verifying signatures has been daunting in the absence of technology, Albu said.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a0b6\" id=\"a0b6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Brazilian citizens can download the Mudamos app on their smartphones and register with their electoral identification number, name and address, which are verified with the country’s electoral body. The app then issues a cryptographic key, half of which is stored on the phone; the other is kept with Mudamos and used to verify a signature as authentic.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bf26\" id=\"bf26\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Since its launch in 2017, the app has been downloaded 800,000 times and as many as 90 legislative proposals at the local, state and federal levels are in various stages of gathering signatures, Albu said. A federal bill needs 1.5 million signatures to be considered by the country’s National Congress.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"da25\" id=\"da25\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Although Brazil and Taiwan share some commonalities in citizen participation, Brazilians have problems with unequal access to technology that limits citizens’ participation, whereas Taiwan, a wealthy small island, provides all its citizens with unparalleled access to high-speed broadband.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2378\" id=\"2378\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Broadband is a human right” in Taiwan, Tang said. “There’s no broadband inequality. Even on the top of Taiwan, almost 4,000 meters high, you’re guaranteed to have that broadband connection.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6c66\" id=\"6c66\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Brazil confronts regional discrepancies in internet access, with richer regions in the south and southeast having greater connectivity, whereas areas in the north and northeast, bordering the Amazon rainforest, have poor Internet access, which limits participation, Albu said.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"31c5\" id=\"31c5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Brazil also confronts the challenge of training public officials about the utility of tech tools in their decision-making, said Marco Konopacki, a senior adviser for public participation in the city of Niteroi.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8eb6\" id=\"8eb6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">While Brazil’s constitution calls for citizen participation, the country hasn’t offered adequate training programs to build a participatory culture, Konopacki said.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2f39\" id=\"2f39\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To be effective, “digital tools have to be connected to a participatory culture” in which public officials know how to involve citizens in the legislative and rule-making process, Konopacki said.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c3fe\" id=\"c3fe\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Editor’s note: This is the first part in a two-part series on how foreign and state legislatures are using new technologies to bring more citizen participation into lawmaking.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/tech-tools-help-deepen-citizen-input-in-drafting-laws-abroad-and-in-us-states",{"title":1780,"description":1783},"tech-tools-help-deepen-citizen-input-in-drafting-laws-abroad-and-in-us-states","blogposts/tech-tools-help-deepen-citizen-input-in-drafting-laws-abroad-and-in-us-states","a9CRtBivX-TOLX0c9wTDj-HlePAryp7JcnDkbBmM-Vc",{"id":1793,"title":1794,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1795,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1796,"description":1797,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1794,"image":1798,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1799,"meta":1800,"navigation":15,"path":1801,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1802,"slug":1803,"startTime":34,"stem":1804,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1805},"blogposts/blogposts/data4covid19-round-up-4-february.json","#Data4COVID19 Round-Up: 4 February",[],"2021-02-04T15:13:22","In the last two weeks, The GovLab added 3 entries to its #Data4COVID19 repository, expanding it to 225 projects in total…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*HbqIMQZ_FVZMVSyy","\n\u003Csection name=\"aaf6\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"633d\" id=\"633d\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">#Data4COVID19 Round-Up: 4 February\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"deaf\" id=\"deaf\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*HbqIMQZ_FVZMVSyy\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"667\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*HbqIMQZ_FVZMVSyy\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">PHOTO: Unsplash/\u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/Lr_MKzNGhUU\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/Lr_MKzNGhUU\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Trnava University\u003C/a> is licensed under \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/PkGrrjypLUE\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/PkGrrjypLUE\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CC0\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"17e1\" id=\"17e1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">LAUNCH: Free online course on AI Ethics\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"a3ab\" id=\"a3ab\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*H_h_ENmDhR4fWdkA.png\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"562\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*H_h_ENmDhR4fWdkA.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"3d22\" id=\"3d22\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Today, The GovLab, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Global AI Ethics Consortium (GAIEC), Center for Responsible AI @ NYU (R/AI), and the TUM Institute for Ethics in Artificial Intelligence (IEAI) jointly launched the free, online course, \u003Ca href=\"https://aiethicscourse.org/\" data-href=\"https://aiethicscourse.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">AI Ethics: Global Perspectives\u003C/a>. Designed for a global audience, it conveys the breadth and depth of the ongoing interdisciplinary conversation on AI ethics. This course seeks to bring together diverse perspectives from 20 experts across the field of ethical AI, to raise awareness and help institutions work towards more responsible use, including specifically \u003Ca href=\"https://aiethicscourse.org/lectures/ethical-surveillance-regulating-personal-surveillance-data\" data-href=\"https://aiethicscourse.org/lectures/ethical-surveillance-regulating-personal-surveillance-data\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">as it relates to COVID-19\u003C/a>. Learn more and register \u003Ca href=\"https://aiethicscourse.org%27/\" data-href=\"https://aiethicscourse.org%27/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8367\" id=\"8367\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Final Days to Submit a Proposal for the #Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>There are only a two days left to submit proposals to the \u003Ca href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/index.html\" data-href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">#Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge\u003C/a>. Launched in December by the French Development Agency (AFD), alongside Expertise France and The GovLab, the challenge solicits innovative ideas on data re-use related to the spread of COVID-19 in Africa. The challenge seeks ideas targeted at the public health, economics, and socio-political consequences of the ongoing crisis. It is looking for proposals for \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/\" data-href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">data collaboratives\u003C/a> that can provide actionable intelligence for Africa-based decision-makers through the sharing of non-traditional datasets.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"841d\" id=\"841d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Organizations interested in applying for support are asked to submit proposals through the \u003Ca href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/index.html\" data-href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">challenge site\u003C/a> by February 5, 2021. Additional information on the challenge can be found there or in the webinar recording published \u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vDvV2xfgUZg\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vDvV2xfgUZg\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>. Additional questions can be directed to datastewards@thegovlab.org.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"70eb\" id=\"70eb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">#Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge Reviewers\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>Relatedly, AFD, Expertise France, and The GovLab are looking for experts to be involved in assessing #Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge project proposals. Participation would entail assessing roughly 5 proposals for creating purpose-driven data collaboratives to address COVID-19 in Africa. Reviewers’ input will be shared directly with AFD who will make the final funding decisions.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"858f\" id=\"858f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">If you are based in an Africa Union country or work in development and have experience in data collaboration, we encourage you to contact us at datastewards@thegovlab.org.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"85a3\" id=\"85a3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Please make the subject line of your email “#Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge Review Board” and enclose a resume or CV. Clearly indicate if you possess French language proficiency.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7b2f\" id=\"7b2f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data Responsibility Journey User-Testing\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"7b3c\" id=\"7b3c\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*rnl7sQFTR7VaSGbG\" data-width=\"700\" data-height=\"322\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*rnl7sQFTR7VaSGbG\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"601b\" id=\"601b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">As part of its work with \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/covidaction/building-a-healthy-data-ecosystem-to-fight-covid-19-or-doingdataright-ed0305bd1313\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/covidaction/building-a-healthy-data-ecosystem-to-fight-covid-19-or-doingdataright-ed0305bd1313\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">COVIDaction\u003C/a>, an initiative to help decisionmakers use data to tackle COVID-19, The GovLab is building an interactive tool to map risks and responsibilities across the data life cycle and nudge and guide responsible decision making along the journey. The tool is intended to support the design or assessment of data collaboratives, especially those supporting the response to COVID-19 in developing countries.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8a0a\" id=\"8a0a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The interactive, customized tool will be publicly launched in March after an initial user-testing period. To support its development, The GovLab and COVIDaction are organizing a series of user-testing workshops to solicit feedback on the Data Responsibility Journey. We are eager to tap into the wisdom of individuals with experience in using data in a development context across public agencies; humanitarian and development organizations; businesses; and civil society organizations. If you are interested in participating, please fill out our form \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScQ07WhM3OTjfm6u7swMFtV8MyxOOjtxuDN2UySAssByz37mQ/viewform\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScQ07WhM3OTjfm6u7swMFtV8MyxOOjtxuDN2UySAssByz37mQ/viewform\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here.\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4431\" id=\"4431\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Additional information on the effort can be found at the blog post \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/building-an-essential-tool-to-help-make-your-data-journey-responsible-38208432cdd7\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/building-an-essential-tool-to-help-make-your-data-journey-responsible-38208432cdd7\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>. Further queries can be directed to datastewards@thegovlab.org.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"48d6\" id=\"48d6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">What’s New in the #Data4COVID19 Repository\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>The GovLab has been working to update the \u003Ca href=\"https://list.data4covid19.org/\" data-href=\"https://list.data4covid19.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">#Data4COVID19 repository\u003C/a>. In the last two weeks, it added 3 entries, expanding it to 225 in total. Projects now span:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"9d64\" id=\"9d64\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">East Asia and Pacific: 10\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0d3b\" id=\"0d3b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Europe and Central Asia: 44\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2eb3\" id=\"2eb3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Latin America and the Caribbean: 7\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6954\" id=\"6954\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Middle East and North Africa: 1\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3398\" id=\"3398\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">North America: 73\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"dfeb\" id=\"dfeb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">South Asia: 4\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"bda7\" id=\"bda7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Sub-Saharan Africa: 12\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"db8e\" id=\"db8e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Global: 86 (+3)\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"709e\" id=\"709e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Each week, we will highlight a few of those recent additions to the repository that you might have missed. These examples illustrate innovative methods, appear demand-driven, or otherwise demonstrate an attempt to translate insights into action. We also aspire, to the extent possible, to make the selections geographically diverse. A project’s inclusion does not indicate endorsement by The GovLab or confirmation of its success in meeting its goals.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4d38\" id=\"4d38\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This week we examine two projects that analyze mobility data to understand how aggregated movement patterns correlate with economic and public health outcomes.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2dd1\" id=\"2dd1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://blogs.imf.org/2020/10/08/covids-impact-in-real-time-finding-balance-amid-the-crisis/\" data-href=\"https://blogs.imf.org/2020/10/08/covids-impact-in-real-time-finding-balance-amid-the-crisis/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2020\u003C/a>: The International Monetary Fund released an analysis assessing the impact of COVID-19 and subsequent lockdown measures on economic activity. The analysis relies on real-time mobility data on 128 countries provided by Google and job posting data from the company Indeed to act as proxies for economic activity. From these assets, the researchers found significant drops in movement in high-income countries as well as declines in job postings. The analysis also used mobility data on Italy, Portugal, and Spain from the telecommunications company Vodafone. Their analysis of this data found that stay-at-home orders and school closures had greater effects on women than men (suggesting women bear much of the burden in childcare) and that younger people (18 to 24 and 25 to 44) more significantly reduced their mobility than older cohorts.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"aad6\" id=\"aad6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://people.eng.unimelb.edu.au/vkostakos/covid19/\" data-href=\"https://people.eng.unimelb.edu.au/vkostakos/covid19/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">University of Melbourne COVID-19 Mobility and Movement Analysis\u003C/a>: Researchers at the University of Melbourne used mobility data provided through Facebook’s Data for Good initiative to analyze and represent movement amid the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis reflects global activity as well as specific countries across six continents. While the code is publicly accessible, allowing anyone to repeat the analysis, people seeking to recreate it entirely will need access to data provided by Facebook’s Data For Good initiative.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"eada\" id=\"eada\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">You can also find additional resources related to data stewardship and data collaboration \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__datacollaboratives.org_resources&d=DwMFaQ&c=slrrB7dE8n7gBJbeO0g-IQ&r=ET_PVHQq9f0LkbRVMr49DbUAPm-mcrHJ089jCkl4QZw&m=2FT-KLNobuo8OXW7Go6Cu-OpU62n8odk4VResM29ub8&s=krolD6sBF3MRTGOggq8IevXRYWQVGbYXTrjVGQ3wjVE&e=\" data-href=\"https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__datacollaboratives.org_resources&d=DwMFaQ&c=slrrB7dE8n7gBJbeO0g-IQ&r=ET_PVHQq9f0LkbRVMr49DbUAPm-mcrHJ089jCkl4QZw&m=2FT-KLNobuo8OXW7Go6Cu-OpU62n8odk4VResM29ub8&s=krolD6sBF3MRTGOggq8IevXRYWQVGbYXTrjVGQ3wjVE&e=\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/data4covid19-round-up-4-february",{"title":1794,"description":1797},"data4covid19-round-up-4-february","blogposts/data4covid19-round-up-4-february","LH_fq0Nipi-0AJcoyHpv8NkHBr8uvdQ_Uckl9jF_D_U",{"id":1807,"title":1808,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1809,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1810,"description":1811,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1808,"image":1812,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1813,"meta":1814,"navigation":15,"path":1815,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1816,"slug":1817,"startTime":34,"stem":1818,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1819},"blogposts/blogposts/2020-in-review-what-weve-learned-about-data-driven-problem-solving-in-a-year-of-crises.json","2020 in Review: What Weve Learned about Data-Driven Problem Solving in a Year of Crises",[],"2020-12-16T20:47:59","Below, we provide: A selection of key findings and achievements across the projects we worked on this year to help policymakers…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*g2nr3fxqJInOiYPV","\n\u003Csection name=\"f037\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"9c61\" id=\"9c61\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">2020 in Review: What We’ve Learned about Data-Driven Problem Solving in a Year of Crises\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"e19a\" id=\"e19a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">By The GovLab Data Program Team\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"2a6d\" id=\"2a6d\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*g2nr3fxqJInOiYPV\" data-width=\"700\" data-height=\"485\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*g2nr3fxqJInOiYPV\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Image from the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/niaid/\" data-href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/niaid/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases\u003C/a> on \u003Ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/niaid/49531042907/\" data-href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/niaid/49531042907/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Flickr\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"17d2\" id=\"17d2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">It’s been a year that no one will forget. Between devastating Australian bushfires, a global pandemic, the largest economic recession since the Great Depression, the US presidential election, worldwide protests against police brutality, Brexit, a massive explosion in Beirut’s port, wildfires on the US West Coast, and a record-breaking hurricane season (among other developments), this year has seen plenty of world-shifting events.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"49cd\" id=\"49cd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We’ve tried to learn from these crises and help decision makers meet the immense challenges they face. This work included strengthening the ability of public interest institutions to work more openly, collaboratively, effectively, and legitimately. Toward that end, many of our projects were focused on making \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">data collaboration\u003C/a> systematic, sustainable and responsible.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4fe6\" id=\"4fe6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Below, we provide:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"9ac3\" id=\"9ac3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">A selection of key findings and achievements across the projects we worked on this year to help policymakers, practitioners, and other decision-makers re-use data to address the many crises we face. Each entry includes a list of recommended readings that provide more context for the project.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8665\" id=\"8665\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A full list of the over 50 publications, initiatives, panels, and other projects that we’ve launched this year in a reversed chronological manner (starting with December 2020). Each of these resources seeks to support data stewards working in government, the private sector, academia, and elsewhere better pursue systematic, sustainable, and responsible data collaboration in the public interest.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch3 name=\"5541\" id=\"5541\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Highlights of Findings & Achievements\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"8d12\" id=\"8d12\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*t4qtn2XdohwaCQIl\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"463\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*t4qtn2XdohwaCQIl\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"5369\" id=\"5369\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>: “The Open Data Policy Lab supports decision-makers at the local, state and national levels as they accelerate the responsible re-use and opening of data for the benefit of society and the equitable spread of economic opportunity.”\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"7690\" id=\"7690\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/images/odpl/third-wave-of-opendata.pdf\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/images/odpl/third-wave-of-opendata.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">The Emergence of a Third Wave of Open Data:\u003C/em>\u003C/a> A report explaining the need for a more purpose-directed, impactful, and inter-sectoral approach to open data\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e87c\" id=\"e87c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Summer of Open Data\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">:\u003C/em> A series of 10 blogs and panels with data experts on their hopes for the Third Wave of Open Data.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5892\" id=\"5892\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Data Stewardship: Developing a Data Reuse Strategy for Solving Public Problems\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">: \u003C/em>A course that aims to teach individuals in the public and private sector how to be responsible data leaders.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"7bb9\" id=\"7bb9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The 100 Questions Initiative\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>: “The 100 Questions seeks to improve the set of questions that if answered — using new data sources and data science — could transform the way we solve a variety of 21st-century challenges.”\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"313a\" id=\"313a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/the-100-questions-initiative-a8c952e3664\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/the-100-questions-initiative-a8c952e3664\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Sourcing the 100 Questions That Matter: State of Play, Lessons Learned, and Next Steps\u003C/em>\u003C/a>: An explanation of the elements of the 100 Questions Initiative\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"aa43\" id=\"aa43\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/post/designing-the-100-questions-for-nyc-panel-reflects-on-new-science-of-questioning-during-open-data-week\" data-href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/post/designing-the-100-questions-for-nyc-panel-reflects-on-new-science-of-questioning-during-open-data-week\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Designing the 100 Questions for NYC: Panel Reflects on New Science of Questioning During Open Data Week\u003C/em>\u003C/a>: Summary of a panel with New York stakeholders inspired by the 100 Questions Initiative.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"d073\" id=\"d073\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://ailocalism.org/\" data-href=\"https://ailocalism.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">AI Localism\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>: “AI Localism, a term coined by Stefaan Verhulst and Mona Sloane, refers to the actions taken by local decision-makers to address the use of AI within a city or community. AI Localism has often emerged because of gaps left by incomplete state, national or global governance frameworks.”\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"26ac\" id=\"26ac\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/post/announcing-ai-localism-a-new-platform-supporting-the-responsible-use-and-design-of-ai-at-the-local-level\" data-href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/post/announcing-ai-localism-a-new-platform-supporting-the-responsible-use-and-design-of-ai-at-the-local-level\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Announcing AI Localism\u003C/em>\u003C/a>: An announcement describing how The GovLab will study AI localism.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7100\" id=\"7100\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/local-regulation-of-artificial-intelligence-uses-by-stefaan-g-verhulst-1-and-mona-sloane-2020-02?barrier=accesspaylog\" data-href=\"https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/local-regulation-of-artificial-intelligence-uses-by-stefaan-g-verhulst-1-and-mona-sloane-2020-02?barrier=accesspaylog\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Realizing the Potential of AI Localism\u003C/em>\u003C/a>: A Project Syndicate piece describing how cities and other local jurisdictions can regulate and harness AI applications.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"428c\" id=\"428c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/swlh/the-emergence-of-ai-localism-governing-artificial-intelligence-at-the-local-and-city-level-4988c21cedd6\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/swlh/the-emergence-of-ai-localism-governing-artificial-intelligence-at-the-local-and-city-level-4988c21cedd6\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">The Emergence of AI Localism: Governing Artificial Intelligence at the Local and City Level\u003C/em>\u003C/a>: A presentation on the growing use of AI within cities.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"2b07\" id=\"2b07\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://data4covid19.org/\" data-href=\"https://data4covid19.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data4COVID19\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>: “#Data4COVID19 is a series of projects undertaken by The GovLab — with partners such as the OECD, Open Data Charter, Luce Foundation, Microsoft, Rockefeller Foundation, SDSN TRENDS, World Economic Forum, University of Washington, and others — to identify, collect, and analyze the value data can provide to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.”\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"f424\" id=\"f424\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/mapping-how-data-can-help-address-covid19-a7be2e631aec\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/mapping-how-data-can-help-address-covid19-a7be2e631aec\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Mapping how data can help address COVID-19\u003C/em>\u003C/a>: A mapping of 12 topic areas related to COVID-19 where data and analysis is needed.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"fcfe\" id=\"fcfe\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/a-call-for-action-813669f32244\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/a-call-for-action-813669f32244\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">A Call for Action\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">: \u003C/em>A call to organizations to build the data infrastructure and infrastructure needed to tackle pandemics and other dynamic threats.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"70c6\" id=\"70c6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/announcing-the-new-data4covid19-repository-34f8a9af46bc\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/announcing-the-new-data4covid19-repository-34f8a9af46bc\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Announcing the New Data4COVID19 Repository\u003C/em>\u003C/a>: An overview of the #Data4COVID19 repository and the projects in it.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"15f8\" id=\"15f8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://thedataassembly.org/\" data-href=\"https://thedataassembly.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Data Assembly\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>: “The Data Assembly is an initiative from The GovLab supported by the Henry Luce Foundation to solicit diverse, actionable public input on data re-use for crisis response in the United States. The initiative began in the summer of 2020 with an initial focus on the response to the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City.”\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"1d23\" id=\"1d23\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://thedataassembly.org/files/nyc-data-assembly-report.pdf\" data-href=\"https://thedataassembly.org/files/nyc-data-assembly-report.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">The Data Assembly Responsible Data Re-Use Framework\u003C/em>\u003C/a>: A report on the results of The GovLab’s New York Data Assembly\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2306\" id=\"2306\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/toward-responsible-data-re-use-for-covid-19-in-new-york-city-key-takeaways-from-the-data-assembly-3a8b1b32e9e5\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/toward-responsible-data-re-use-for-covid-19-in-new-york-city-key-takeaways-from-the-data-assembly-3a8b1b32e9e5\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Toward Responsible Data Re-Use for COVID-19 in New York City: Key Takeaways from The Data Assembly\u003C/em>\u003C/a>: A blog summarizing the expert panel and public town hall that concluded the Data Assembly initiative in New York.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"a300\" id=\"a300\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://datastewards.net/\" data-href=\"http://datastewards.net/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data Stewards Network\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>:\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>“This first-of-its-kind Data Stewards Network brings together responsible data leaders from across corporations to share knowledge and jointly advance a new, more professionalized approach for data collaboration.”\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"41eb\" id=\"41eb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/wanted-data-stewards-re-defining-the-roles-and-responsibilities-of-data-stewards-for-an-age-of-274c2d5f033a\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/wanted-data-stewards-re-defining-the-roles-and-responsibilities-of-data-stewards-for-an-age-of-274c2d5f033a\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Wanted: Data Stewards\u003C/em>\u003C/a>: A report describing the role, responsibilities, and functions of a data steward.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a8e3\" id=\"a8e3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/panel-redefining-the-role-of-data-stewardship-and-data-collaboration-for-covid-19-5edcf6aa610f\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/panel-redefining-the-role-of-data-stewardship-and-data-collaboration-for-covid-19-5edcf6aa610f\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">PANEL: Redefining the Role of Data Stewardship and Data Collaboration for COVID-19\u003C/em>\u003C/a>: A panel on how data stewards can produce public value amid the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"13d1\" id=\"13d1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/how-to-build-the-data-skills-toolkit-public-employees-need-6af3af43e627\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/how-to-build-the-data-skills-toolkit-public-employees-need-6af3af43e627\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">How to Build the Data Skills Toolkit Public Employees Need\u003C/em>\u003C/a>: A panel on how public employees can develop the skills they need to effectively use data.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"3713\" id=\"3713\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://rd4c.org/\" data-href=\"https://rd4c.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Responsible Data for Children\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>:\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>“RD4C seeks to build awareness regarding the need for special attention to data issues affecting children — especially in this age of changing technology and data linkage; and to engage with governments, communities, and development actors to put the best interests of children and a child rights approach at the center of our data activities.”\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"9818\" id=\"9818\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/launch-the-responsible-data-for-chidlren-rd4c-toolkit-8f6b87e9626e\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/launch-the-responsible-data-for-chidlren-rd4c-toolkit-8f6b87e9626e\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">The Responsible Data for Children (RD4C) Toolkit\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/launch-the-responsible-data-for-children-rd4c-case-studies-94fd5eabd2a0\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/launch-the-responsible-data-for-children-rd4c-case-studies-94fd5eabd2a0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">Case Studies\u003C/a>: Pieces intended to help users to identify the systems generating data about children and the key components of those systems.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"79c7\" id=\"79c7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/why-we-need-responsible-data-for-children-134052\" data-href=\"https://theconversation.com/why-we-need-responsible-data-for-children-134052\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Why we need responsible data for children\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">: \u003C/em>A piece published in \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">The Conversation\u003C/em> describing how organizations can protect data subjects while using data\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2197\" id=\"2197\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/video-andrew-young-discusses-responsible-data-for-children-on-american-geographical-society-blue-be5e3208aa3a\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/video-andrew-young-discusses-responsible-data-for-children-on-american-geographical-society-blue-be5e3208aa3a\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Vulnerable Publics: International Perspectives Blue Ribbon Panel\u003C/em>\u003C/a>: A panel with The GovLab’s Andrew Young on how the 7 RD4C principles can be applied to COVID-19 response;\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch3 name=\"22fc\" id=\"22fc\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Chronological Overview of Curated Highlights\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"3c68\" id=\"3c68\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">December\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"849b\" id=\"849b\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*YamleHWLkL4tZolt\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"493\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*YamleHWLkL4tZolt\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"60ed\" id=\"60ed\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://governance.the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://governance.the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The 100 Questions: Launch of the Governance Domain\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"20da\" id=\"20da\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“The Governance Lab (The GovLab) at the NYU Tandon School of Engineering, along with the The Asia Foundation, the Centre for Strategic and International Studies in Indonesia, and the BRAC Institute of Governance and Development, announce the launch of the Governance domain of The 100 Questions Initiative, which identifies the most pressing, impactful questions for which data and data science have the potential to answer.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"88ae\" id=\"88ae\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://future-of-work.the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://future-of-work.the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The 100 Questions: Public Voting for the Future of Work\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1dcd\" id=\"1dcd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“Recent technological advances are changing the way we do business, govern, and interact with each other. This shift is causing some concern over the future of work as technological innovations such as artificial intelligence and automation affect work. This challenge requires all members of the society to take action that will ensure technology creates a future that works and benefits everyone.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1924\" id=\"1924\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/\" data-href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">#Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"15c2\" id=\"15c2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“From now through February 5, 2020, Agence Française de Développement (AFD), together with Expertise France and The GovLab, is soliciting innovative proposals (re)using data in a collaborative and responsible way to provide actionable intelligence for decision-makers and people to respond to COVID-19 and future pandemic challenges across Africa.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"77b2\" id=\"77b2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://online2020.mydata.org/programme-page/data-collaboration-in-the-age-of-covid-19/\" data-href=\"https://online2020.mydata.org/programme-page/data-collaboration-in-the-age-of-covid-19/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data Collaboration in the Age of COVID-19 Panel at the MyData Conference Online 2020\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> with Stefaan Verhulst, Claudia Juech, JoAnn Stonier, Kelly Jin, and Dave Green\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"868d\" id=\"868d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“In the ongoing Covid19 crisis, several data collaborative models have emerged. This session will compare recent experiences; discuss lessons from real-world partnerships and consider whether these efforts have yielded value. In particular, we will consider ways to lower the transaction costs involved by professionalizing and systematizing certain roles within both the public and the private sector — such as data stewards.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"6434\" id=\"6434\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">November\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"80d3\" id=\"80d3\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*ZEDtiUyTPiQgP8CPwxRn8Q.png\" data-width=\"339\" data-height=\"433\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*ZEDtiUyTPiQgP8CPwxRn8Q.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"73e3\" id=\"73e3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://gmdac.iom.int/event/inaugural-bd4m-webinar-series-estimating-migrant-stocks-and-flows-using-social-media-data\" data-href=\"https://gmdac.iom.int/event/inaugural-bd4m-webinar-series-estimating-migrant-stocks-and-flows-using-social-media-data\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Inaugural BD4M Webinar Series: Estimating migrant stocks and flows using social media data\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> with Stefaan Verhulst, Frank Laczko, and Michele Vespe\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"16bb\" id=\"16bb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“The webinar series Harnessing Data Innovation for Migration Policy launched by the BD4M, aims to discuss good practices in using non-traditional data sources in the realms of migration and human mobility. Drawing on good practices from around the world and across different sectors, the series will bridge technical and practical aspects by providing hands-on insights into how non-traditional data sources have been utilized to analyze migration and inform policy.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cbe2\" id=\"cbe2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://childethics.com/blog/data-and-children/\" data-href=\"https://childethics.com/blog/data-and-children/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The responsible use of data for and about children: treading carefully and ethically Q&A\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> with Andrew Young and Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"92f6\" id=\"92f6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“In this series of Q&A, we speak with Stefaan G. Verhulst and Andrew Young from GovLab, (an action-oriented do-tank located at NYU) who are working in collaboration with UNICEF on an initiative called Responsible Data for Children initiative (RD4C) . Its focus is on data — the risks it poses to children, as well as the opportunities it offers.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6414\" id=\"6414\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://thedataassembly.org/files/nyc-data-assembly-report.pdf\" data-href=\"https://thedataassembly.org/files/nyc-data-assembly-report.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Data Assembly Responsible Data Re-Use Framework\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Andrew Young, Stefaan G. Verhulst, Nadiya Safonova, and Andrew J. Zahuranec\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cfca\" id=\"cfca\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“The Data Assembly […] began in the summer of 2020 with an initial focus on the response to the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City. The GovLab, New York Public Library, and Brooklyn Public Library co-hosted remote deliberations with three “mini-publics” featuring data holders and policymakers, representatives of civic rights and advocacy organizations, and New Yorkers from across the five boroughs. These deliberations yielded five key takeaways regarding the responsible re-use of data for COVID-19.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"03b8\" id=\"03b8\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">October\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"dd29\" id=\"dd29\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*rwEYg4r3g_CPF17I\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"475\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*rwEYg4r3g_CPF17I\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"27a1\" id=\"27a1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Emergence of a Third Wave of Open Data\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Stefaan G. Verhulst, Andrew Young, Andrew J. Zahuranec, Susan Ariel Aaronson, Ania Calderon, and Matt Gee\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1445\" id=\"1445\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“In this piece, we argue […] limitations necessitate additional improvements to accelerate the re-use of data to unleash the public good potential of the digital era. We reflect on the potential of what we call the “Third Wave of Open Data.” We discuss both what we see as the emerging elements of this wave and the actions several players have taken that may contribute to its realization. In doing so, we propose actions for how policymakers and data practitioners might address the limitations of previous waves and outline a set of actions that could accelerate data re-use and collaboration.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3379\" id=\"3379\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/the-100-questions-initiative-a8c952e3664\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/the-100-questions-initiative-a8c952e3664\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sourcing the 100 Questions That Matter: State of Play, Lessons Learned, and Next Steps\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Alexandra Shaw and Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"be62\" id=\"be62\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“In what follows, we briefly describe four key areas with regard to The 100 Questions Initiative: the 1) current ‘state of play,’ 2) its defining characteristics, 3) lessons learned, and 4) areas where we can advance.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ab82\" id=\"ab82\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/toward-responsible-data-re-use-for-covid-19-in-new-york-city-key-takeaways-from-the-data-assembly-3a8b1b32e9e5\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/toward-responsible-data-re-use-for-covid-19-in-new-york-city-key-takeaways-from-the-data-assembly-3a8b1b32e9e5\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Toward Responsible Data Re-Use for COVID-19 in New York City: Key Takeaways from The Data Assembly\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Aditi Ramesh, Andrew Young, and Andrew J. Zahuranec\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5996\" id=\"5996\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“With support from The Henry Luce Foundation, The GovLab launched The Data Assembly to pioneer a new methodology re-imagining how we engage society in creating ideas for data re-use. The Data Assembly aims to collect and synthesize actionable, diverse, public input to identify concerns, expectations, and opportunities in data-driven response to COVID-19. More importantly, it aims to identify the necessary conditions and procedures to enable responsible re-use for crisis response now and in the future.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0b88\" id=\"0b88\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/data-collaborative-case-study-leveraging-telecom-data-to-aid-humanitarian-efforts-9b5c2fc893a4\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/data-collaborative-case-study-leveraging-telecom-data-to-aid-humanitarian-efforts-9b5c2fc893a4\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data Collaborative Case Study #4: Leveraging Telecom Data to Aid Humanitarian Efforts\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by By Michelle Winowatan, Andrew J. Zahuranec, Andrew Young, and Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1b30\" id=\"1b30\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“This is the fourth installment of an ongoing series of case studies on Data Collaboratives and Data Stewardship. . These case studies intend to provide insights toward leveraging private data for public good in a systematic, sustainable and responsible manner.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7e1f\" id=\"7e1f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/data-to-go-the-value-of-data-portability-as-a-means-to-data-liquidity-682bb39368e0\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/data-to-go-the-value-of-data-portability-as-a-means-to-data-liquidity-682bb39368e0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data to Go: The Value of Data Portability as a Means to Data Liquidity \u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">by Juliet McMurren and Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e91a\" id=\"e91a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“[W]e have been exploring the current literature on data portability and liquidity, searching for lessons and insights into the benefits that can be unlocked when data liquidity is enabled through the right to data portability. Below we identify some of the greatest potential benefits for society, individuals, and data-holding organizations.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"90e8\" id=\"90e8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.unicef.org/globalinsight/reports/responsible-group-data-children\" data-href=\"https://www.unicef.org/globalinsight/reports/responsible-group-data-children\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Responsible Group Data for Children \u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">by Andrew Young\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e8e8\" id=\"e8e8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“To achieve Responsible Data for Children (RD4C) and ensure effective and legitimate governance of children’s data, government policymakers, data practitioners, and institutional decision makers need to ensure children’s group data are a core consideration in all relevant policies, procedures, and practices.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6131\" id=\"6131\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/selected-readings-on-indigenous-data-sovereignty-59ffc0b36bfe\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/selected-readings-on-indigenous-data-sovereignty-59ffc0b36bfe\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Selected Readings on Indigenous Data Sovereignty\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Juliet McMurren\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f43a\" id=\"f43a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“In this edition, to recognize and honor Indigenous Peoples’ Day, we have curated below a selection of literature on Indigenous data sovereignty (IDS), the principle that Indigenous peoples should be able to control the data collected by and about them, to determine how and by whom it is accessed, stored, and used, and to develop data practices and methodologies that reflect their lived experiences, cultures, and worldviews.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"69d8\" id=\"69d8\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">September\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"e5d7\" id=\"e5d7\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*-sWmZXGjxgAO-qDJ\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"495\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*-sWmZXGjxgAO-qDJ\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"254c\" id=\"254c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/announcing-ai-localism-a-new-platform-supporting-the-responsible-use-and-design-of-ai-at-the-76f3fd5f3170\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/announcing-ai-localism-a-new-platform-supporting-the-responsible-use-and-design-of-ai-at-the-76f3fd5f3170\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">AI Localism\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fde6\" id=\"fde6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“Today, The GovLab is excited to launch a new platform which seeks to monitor, analyze and guide how AI is being governed in cities around the world: AI Localism. AI Localism refers to the actions taken by local decision-makers to address the use of AI within a city or community. AI Localism has often emerged because of gaps left by incomplete state, national or global governance frameworks.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8de7\" id=\"8de7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/selected-readings-on-data-portability-4f7296d69c9c\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/selected-readings-on-data-portability-4f7296d69c9c\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Selected Readings on Data Portability\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Juliet McMurren, Andrew Young, and Stefaan G. Verhulst\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f63a\" id=\"f63a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“As part of an ongoing effort to build a knowledge base for the field of improving governance through technology, The GovLab publishes a series of Selected Readings, which provide an annotated and curated collection of recommended works on themes such as open data, data collaboration, and civic technology. In this edition, we explore selected literature on data portability.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"eff1\" id=\"eff1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-data-policy-lab/the-world-is-on-fire-data-can-help-bd8551841bfe\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-data-policy-lab/the-world-is-on-fire-data-can-help-bd8551841bfe\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The World is On Fire. Data Can Help.\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Andrew J. Zahuranec\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7885\" id=\"7885\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“Data is key to achieving serious reductions in carbon emissions and blunting climate change’s ongoing impact. Through improved situational awareness, a better understanding of cause and effect, enhanced predictive capabilities, or real-time impact assessments — all possible by leveraging data in new ways — we can develop the policies and interventions needed for this crisis. Organizations such as the International Open Data Charter and the World Resources Institute have already published guides showing how open data assets can be used to pursue these values for climate action.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ef53\" id=\"ef53\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://resourcegovernance.org/sites/default/files/documents/the_practice_and_potential_of_blockchain_technologies_for_extractive_sector_governance_with_annex_0.pdf\" data-href=\"https://resourcegovernance.org/sites/default/files/documents/the_practice_and_potential_of_blockchain_technologies_for_extractive_sector_governance_with_annex_0.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Practice and Potential of Blockchain Technologies for Extractive Sector Governance\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Stefaan G. Verhulst, Andrew Young, and Daniella Heard\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"316e\" id=\"316e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“Important questions are being raised about whether blockchain technologies can contribute to solving governance challenges in the mining, oil and gas sectors. This report seeks to begin addressing such questions, with particular reference to current blockchain applications and transparency efforts in the extractive sector.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0daa\" id=\"0daa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://dataforpolicy.org/data-for-policy-2020/\" data-href=\"https://dataforpolicy.org/data-for-policy-2020/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data for Policy 2020 Conference\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"433a\" id=\"433a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“The Fifth International Data for Policy Conference [took] place virtually September 15–17, 2020. The\u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data for Policy conference series is the premier global forum for multiple disciplinary and cross-sector discussions around the theories, applications and implications of data science innovation in governance and the public sector.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"0d93\" id=\"0d93\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">August\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"569f\" id=\"569f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*_QEVhB6_faOlKvUE\" data-width=\"700\" data-height=\"382\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*_QEVhB6_faOlKvUE\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"1d1f\" id=\"1d1f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/video-andrew-young-discusses-responsible-data-for-children-on-american-geographical-society-blue-be5e3208aa3a\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/video-andrew-young-discusses-responsible-data-for-children-on-american-geographical-society-blue-be5e3208aa3a\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Vulnerable Publics: International Perspectives Blue Ribbon Panel\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> with Andrew Young\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"665f\" id=\"665f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“The GovLab’s Knowledge Director Andrew Young recently participated in the Vulnerable Publics: International Perspectives Blue Ribbon Panel. His remarks centered on Responsible Data for Children (RD4C), an initiative created in partnership with UNICEF to advance the safe and ethical handling of data for and about children. Andrew discussed how the 7 RD4C Principles can be applied in the context of COVID-19.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"a7ff\" id=\"a7ff\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">July\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"3e90\" id=\"3e90\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*fTlj8bMBUOf6xCO0\" data-width=\"700\" data-height=\"350\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*fTlj8bMBUOf6xCO0\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"405c\" id=\"405c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Summer of Open Data\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a7b5\" id=\"a7b5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“The Summer of Open Data was a three-month project spearheaded by the Open Data Policy Lab (an initiative of The GovLab with support from Microsoft) in partnership with the Digital Trade & Data Governance Hub, Open Data Institute, the Open Data Charter, and BrightHive. From July through September 2020, we spoke with data experts in local and regional governments, national statistical agencies, international bodies, and private companies to advance our understanding of The Third Wave of Open Data.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"43fd\" id=\"43fd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/panel-redefining-the-role-of-data-stewardship-and-data-collaboration-for-covid-19-5edcf6aa610f\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/panel-redefining-the-role-of-data-stewardship-and-data-collaboration-for-covid-19-5edcf6aa610f\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Panel on Redefining the Role of Data Stewardship and Data Collaboration for COVID-19\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3545\" id=\"3545\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“In a panel published Tuesday for the 2020 Responsible Data Summit, The GovLab’s Co-Founder and Chief Research and Development Officer Stefaan Verhulst spoke with real-world data stewards Claudia Juech (Cloudera Foundation), Richard Benjamins (Telefonica), and Brennan Lake (Cuebiq) about the value of their role. Addressing the renewed need for data amid the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, they spoke specifically about how they had contributed to the COVID-19 response and recovery effort.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ae23\" id=\"ae23\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/adolescent-mental-health-using-a-participatory-mapping-methodology-to-jointly-identify-key-topics-a5a392188654\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/adolescent-mental-health-using-a-participatory-mapping-methodology-to-jointly-identify-key-topics-a5a392188654\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Adolescent Mental Health: Using A Participatory Mapping Methodology to Jointly Identify Key Topics, Questions, and Priorities for Future Work and Data Collaboration\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Alexandra Shaw, Andrew J. Zahuranec, Andrew Young, Stefaan G. Verhulst, Jennifer Requejo, and Liliana Carvajal\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2dd2\" id=\"2dd2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“In June, The GovLab partnered with colleagues at UNICEF’s Health and HIV team in the Division of Data, Analysis, Planning & Monitoring and the\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.dataforchildrencollaborative.com/\" data-href=\"https://www.dataforchildrencollaborative.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> Data for Children Collaborative\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> — a collaboration between UNICEF, the Scottish Government, and the University of Edinburgh — to design and apply a new methodology of participatory mapping and prioritization of key topics and issues associated with adolescent mental health that could be addressed through enhanced data collaboration.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3731\" id=\"3731\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://springer.nl.go.kr/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-3-030-13895-0_92-1\" data-href=\"http://springer.nl.go.kr/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-3-030-13895-0_92-1\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data Collaboratives [Encyclopedia Entry]\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">by Andrew Young and Stefaan G. Verhulst\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c082\" id=\"c082\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“Data collaboratives are an emerging form of public-private partnership in which actors from across sectors exchange and analyze data, or provide data science insights and expertise to create new public value and generate fresh insights (Verhulst & Sangokoya,\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://springer.nl.go.kr/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-3-030-13895-0_92-1#CR17\" data-href=\"http://springer.nl.go.kr/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-3-030-13895-0_92-1#CR17\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> 2015\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">). Data collaboratives, sometimes referred to as “corporate data philanthropy” (Taddeo,\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://springer.nl.go.kr/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-3-030-13895-0_92-1#CR15\" data-href=\"http://springer.nl.go.kr/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-3-030-13895-0_92-1#CR15\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> 2017\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">), can be considered a new form of corporate social responsibility in the data age (Verhulst,\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://springer.nl.go.kr/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-3-030-13895-0_92-1#CR16\" data-href=\"http://springer.nl.go.kr/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-3-030-13895-0_92-1#CR16\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> 2017\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">).”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"c547\" id=\"c547\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">June\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"ad58\" id=\"ad58\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*XahtNnTRaksn3dpT\" data-width=\"700\" data-height=\"350\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*XahtNnTRaksn3dpT\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"24ea\" id=\"24ea\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://thedataassembly.org/\" data-href=\"https://thedataassembly.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data Assembly\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"901c\" id=\"901c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“The Data Assembly is an initiative from The GovLab supported by the Henry Luce Foundation to solicit diverse, actionable public input on data re-use for crisis response in the United States. The initiative began in the summer of 2020 with an initial focus on the response to the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3065\" id=\"3065\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/news/global-collaboration-human-migration-launches-digital-hub\" data-href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/news/global-collaboration-human-migration-launches-digital-hub\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Big Data for Migration Alliance\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9789\" id=\"9789\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“The International Organization for Migration (IOM) and the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission joined forces with The Governance Lab (The GovLab) at the NYU Tandon School of Engineering to launch an online home for the Big Data for Migration (BD4M) Alliance, the first-ever global network dedicated to facilitating responsible data innovation and collaboration for informed decision making on migration and human mobility.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b554\" id=\"b554\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41599-020-0500-x\" data-href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41599-020-0500-x\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Gender gaps in urban mobility\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Laetitia Gauvin, Michele Tizzoni, Simone Piaggesi, Andrew Young, Natalia Adler, Stefaan Verhulst, Leo Ferres & Ciro Cattuto\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"aecf\" id=\"aecf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“Here we study urban mobility from a gendered perspective, combining commercial and open datasets for the city of Santiago, Chile. We analyze call detail records for a large cohort of anonymized mobile phone users and reveal a gender gap in mobility: women visit fewer unique locations than men, and distribute their time less equally among such locations.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"260e\" id=\"260e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/how-data-can-map-and-make-racial-inequality-more-visible-if-done-responsibly-9074ed84e2bf\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/how-data-can-map-and-make-racial-inequality-more-visible-if-done-responsibly-9074ed84e2bf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">How Data Can Map and Make Racial Inequality More Visible (If Done Responsibly)\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3573\" id=\"3573\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“The GovLab developed this living reflection document with diverse input from our network to help identify the opportunities, risks, challenges, and lessons about the use of data to make racial inequalities more visible and the ways it may be systematically and collaboratively countered.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"83b1\" id=\"83b1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/registration-open-online-workshop-on-solving-urban-challenges-using-data-54662cac70d9\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/registration-open-online-workshop-on-solving-urban-challenges-using-data-54662cac70d9\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Online Workshop on Solving Urban Challenges Using Data\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c04f\" id=\"c04f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“On Thursday, June 11th at 11:30am, the NYU Center for Urban Science + Progress and The Governance Lab at NYU Tandon are hosting an online workshop: Solving Urban Challenges Using Data: Toward a Data Skills Toolkit for Public Employees to Shape the Future. This online workshop will seek to inform the creation of NYU’s new data skills program and to highlight key considerations, opportunities, and challenges more generally.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"069b\" id=\"069b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://disinformation.the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://disinformation.the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The 100 Questions Disinformation Domain\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d9e1\" id=\"d9e1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“Today, The Governance Lab (The GovLab) at the NYU Tandon School of Engineering announced a partnership with the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development that will focus on addressing a topic of growing public concern: disinformation. The new collaboration is part of The 100 Questions Initiative, an effort to identify the most important societal questions for which greater access to data and data science methods could find answers.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"352e\" id=\"352e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/selected-readings-on-ai-for-development/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/selected-readings-on-ai-for-development/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Selected Readings on AI for Development \u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">by Dominik Baumann, Jeremy Pesner, Alexandra Shaw, Stefaan Verhulst, Michelle Winowatan, Andrew Young, Andrew J. Zahuranec\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b625\" id=\"b625\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“In this edition, we explore selected literature on AI and Development. While the majority of AI initiatives today come from the private sector, international development actors increasingly experiment with AI-enabled programs. These initiatives focus on, for example, climate modelling, urban mobility, and disease transmission. These early efforts demonstrate the promise of AI for supporting more efficient, targeted, and impactful development efforts. Yet, the intersection of AI and development remains nascent, and questions remain regarding how this emerging technology can deliver on its promise while mitigating risks to intended beneficiaries.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7900\" id=\"7900\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/building-a-knowledge-base-selected-readings-on-open-data-legislation-and-policy/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/building-a-knowledge-base-selected-readings-on-open-data-legislation-and-policy/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Selected Readings on Open Data Legislation and Policy\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Danuta Egle\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8b75\" id=\"8b75\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“To aid in the development and feasible implementation of open data legislation, this curated reading list examines institutional proposals and legislative examples to guide the design of comprehensive open data laws. These materials offer an outline of the founding (and evolving) principles of open data, principles of open access and information, assessment\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://theodi.org/service/tools-resources/\" data-href=\"https://theodi.org/service/tools-resources/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> tools\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, institutional\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-data-governance/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-data-governance/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> practices\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">,\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-personal-data-security-and-use/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-personal-data-security-and-use/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> privacy\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> risks and strategy, guidelines for fostering public-private\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-data-collaboratives/\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-data-collaboratives/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> partnerships\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, and maturity and sustainability models.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"6e0a\" id=\"6e0a\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">May\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"b365\" id=\"b365\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*GXvPHq_bzJix-Jyu\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"611\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*GXvPHq_bzJix-Jyu\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"cef0\" id=\"cef0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://gender.the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://gender.the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The 100 Questions: Gender\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3a35\" id=\"3a35\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“As part of efforts to identify priorities across sectors in which data and data science could make a difference, The Governance Lab (The GovLab) at the New York University Tandon School of Engineering has partnered with Data2X, the gender data alliance housed at the United Nations Foundation, to release ten pressing questions on gender that experts have determined can be answered using data. Members of the public are invited to share their views and vote to help develop a data agenda on gender.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b684\" id=\"b684\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/data4covid19-round-up-7-may-e5339da97705?source=collection_category---4------15-----------------------\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/data4covid19-round-up-7-may-e5339da97705?source=collection_category---4------15-----------------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data4COVID19 Round-Up and Newsletter\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"17d0\" id=\"17d0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“This short-term, weekly curation will provide you with notable updates to the #Data4COVID19 data collaborative repository and other information meant to facilitate data stewardship in the ongoing pandemic.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"7394\" id=\"7394\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">April\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"86bc\" id=\"86bc\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*pgBPNLB60pFBKl5L\" data-width=\"352\" data-height=\"329\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*pgBPNLB60pFBKl5L\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"3b59\" id=\"3b59\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/data-collaborative-case-study-the-atlas-of-inequality-and-cuebiqs-data-for-good-initiative-345db2d10eda\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/data-collaborative-case-study-the-atlas-of-inequality-and-cuebiqs-data-for-good-initiative-345db2d10eda\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data Collaborative Case Study #3: The Atlas of Inequality and Cuebiq’s Data for Good Initiative \u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">by Michelle Winowatan, Andrew Young, and Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8155\" id=\"8155\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“This is the third installment of an ongoing series of case studies on Data Collaboratives and Data Stewardship. These case studies intend to provide insights toward leveraging private data for public good in a systematic, sustainable and responsible manner.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4b97\" id=\"4b97\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://ieai.mcts.tum.de/launch-of-the-global-ai-ethics-consortium-gaiec/\" data-href=\"https://ieai.mcts.tum.de/launch-of-the-global-ai-ethics-consortium-gaiec/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Global AI Ethics Consortium (GAIEC) on Ethics and the Use of Data and Artificial Intelligence in the Fight Against COVID-19 and other Pandemics\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"58ed\" id=\"58ed\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“The TUM Institute for Ethics in Artificial Intelligence has led the way in the creation of the Global AI Ethics Consortium (GAIEC), joining forces with academic institutions, research centers and distinguished members of academia worldwide in order to foster trust in data and technology, maximize the potential of AI while limiting its harms, help all the involved parties navigate current uncertainty and create ethical frameworks.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"49f2\" id=\"49f2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/mapping-how-data-can-help-address-covid19-a7be2e631aec\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/mapping-how-data-can-help-address-covid19-a7be2e631aec\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Mapping how data can help address COVID-19\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Andrew J. Zahuranec and Stefaan G. Verhulst\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8c66\" id=\"8c66\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“Using The GovLab’s rapid-research methodology, we’ve compiled a list of 12 topic areas related to COVID-19 where data and analysis is needed.“\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"90df\" id=\"90df\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/new-tool-to-establish-responsible-data-collaboratives-in-the-time-of-covid-19-7debaccf18f0\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/new-tool-to-establish-responsible-data-collaboratives-in-the-time-of-covid-19-7debaccf18f0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">New Tool to Establish Responsible Data Collaboratives in the Time of COVID-19\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Andrew Young\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"61c3\" id=\"61c3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“Today, to support the development of data collaboratives in a responsible and agile way, we are sharing a new tool that addresses the complexity in preparing a Data Sharing Agreement from Contracts for Data Collaboration (a joint initiative of SDSN-TReNDS, the World Economic Forum, The GovLab, and the University of Washington’s Information Risk Research Initiative). Providing a checklist to support organizations with reviewing, negotiating and preparing Data Sharing Arrangements, the intent is to strengthen stakeholder trust and help accelerate responsible data sharing arrangements given the urgency of the global pandemic.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1151\" id=\"1151\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/the-potential-of-data-collaboratives-for-covid19-682946da7bdc\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/the-potential-of-data-collaboratives-for-covid19-682946da7bdc\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Potential of Data Collaboratives for COVID-19 \u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">by Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f858\" id=\"f858\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“As we explain in what follows, there is ample evidence that the re-use of data can help mitigate health pandemics. A robust (if somewhat unsystematized) body of knowledge could direct policymakers and others in their efforts. In the second part of this article, we outline eight steps that key stakeholders can and should take to better re-use data in the fight against COVID-19. “\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b42f\" id=\"b42f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/from-idea-to-reality-why-we-need-an-open-data-policy-lab-b5f706b144e6\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/from-idea-to-reality-why-we-need-an-open-data-policy-lab-b5f706b144e6\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9b7b\" id=\"9b7b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“[W]ith support from Microsoft and under the counsel of a global advisory board of open data leaders, The GovLab is launching an initiative designed precisely to build such a resource. Our Open Data Policy Lab will draw on lessons and experiences from around the world to conduct analysis, provide guidance, build community, and take action to accelerate the responsible re-use and opening of data for the benefit of society and the equitable spread of economic opportunity.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cd67\" id=\"cd67\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">On the occasion of the launch, The GovLab published a new \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/building-a-knowledge-base-open-data-index/index.html\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/articles/building-a-knowledge-base-open-data-index/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Open Data Index\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">. “For the last few years, The GovLab has curated and identified hundreds of\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://ogrx.org/categories/open-data.html\" data-href=\"http://ogrx.org/categories/open-data.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> studies\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> on the use and value of opening up data while conducting numerous detailed case studies seeking to understand what makes open data impactful. For the launch of the\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, we went through these studies again and selected 10 insights that have statistical and numerical evidence and estimates on the wide-ranging value of open data — with a particular focus on open government data.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2ef8\" id=\"2ef8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/launch-the-responsible-data-for-chidlren-rd4c-toolkit-8f6b87e9626e\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/launch-the-responsible-data-for-chidlren-rd4c-toolkit-8f6b87e9626e\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Responsible Data for Children (RD4C) Toolkit\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> and \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/launch-the-responsible-data-for-children-rd4c-case-studies-94fd5eabd2a0\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/launch-the-responsible-data-for-children-rd4c-case-studies-94fd5eabd2a0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Case Studies\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"46d7\" id=\"46d7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“The RD4C Data Ecosystem Mapping Tool intends to help users to identify the systems generating data about children and the key components of those systems. After using this tool, users will be positioned to understand the breadth of data they generate and hold about children; assess data systems’ redundancies or gaps; identify opportunities for responsible data use; and achieve other insights.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e39e\" id=\"e39e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“The RD4C Case Studies analyze data systems deployed in diverse country environments, with a focus on their alignment with the RD4C Principles. This week’s release includes case studies arising from field missions to Romania, Kenya, and Afghanistan in 2019.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"c31d\" id=\"c31d\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">March\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"b7cc\" id=\"b7cc\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*r_vrm7GTIkeQHg2l\" data-width=\"700\" data-height=\"540\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*r_vrm7GTIkeQHg2l\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"11b6\" id=\"11b6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/2003/2003.12347.pdf\" data-href=\"https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/2003/2003.12347.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Mobile phone data and COVID-19: Missing an opportunity?\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Stefaan Verhulst with Nuria Oliver et al.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"591e\" id=\"591e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“This paper describes how mobile phone data can guide government and public health authorities in determining the best course of action to control the COVID-19 pandemic and in assessing the effectiveness of control measures such as physical distancing. It identifies key gaps and reasons why this kind of data is only scarcely used, although their value in similar epidemics has proven in a number of use cases.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"53d9\" id=\"53d9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/a-call-for-action-813669f32244?source=collection_archive---------0-----------------------\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/a-call-for-action-813669f32244?source=collection_archive---------0-----------------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">#Data4Covid Call for Action\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3c29\" id=\"3c29\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“The undersigned concerned individuals, all of whom have worked responsibly to harness the potential of data to address critical societal and environmental challenges, call upon major stakeholders to take seven key actions to unleash the potential of #datacollaboration in addressing the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and to improve preparedness for the future.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a7bf\" id=\"a7bf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://list.data4covid19.org/\" data-href=\"https://list.data4covid19.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">#Data4COVID Living Repository\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9786\" id=\"9786\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“A living repository for data collaboratives seeking to address the spread of COVID-19.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f859\" id=\"f859\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1BdSnXzCZ1Z7ovOrPue3O0osRUpiqTKlu8pwG9U4DwWw/edit\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1BdSnXzCZ1Z7ovOrPue3O0osRUpiqTKlu8pwG9U4DwWw/edit\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">OECD–GovLab — Call for Evidence Use of Open Government Data in COVID-19 Outbreak\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0ee5\" id=\"0ee5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“The OECD Digital Government and Data Unit and NYU’s The GovLab have issued this call for evidence on the release and use of Open Government Data (OGD) in response to the Covid-19 outbreak […] In the short run, this call for evidence will support knowledge sharing and easy access to relevant practices happening worldwide. In the long run, it will help us generate collective learning to assist governments in understanding and leveraging the data dimension of a crisis.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"131c\" id=\"131c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/wanted-data-stewards.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/wanted-data-stewards.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Wanted: Data Stewards — Re-defining the roles and responsibilities of data stewards for an age of data collaboration\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">by Stefaan G. Verhulst, Andrew J. Zahuranec, Andrew Young, and Michelle Winowatan\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c8ae\" id=\"c8ae\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“This paper is meant to inform the on-going exploration of how to enable systematic, sustainable, and responsible re-use of data through cross-sector data collaboration in the public interest (often called Data for Good). Data stewards build trust between organizations, agilely creating relationships between leaders from different sectors and backgrounds.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9213\" id=\"9213\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/why-we-need-responsible-data-for-children-134052\" data-href=\"https://theconversation.com/why-we-need-responsible-data-for-children-134052\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why we need responsible data for children\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">by Stefaan G. Verhulst and Andrew Young in \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Conversation\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"699a\" id=\"699a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“Child rights organizations are using or exploring the use of a variety of data-driven technologies to bolster services provided to children, including biometrics, digital identity systems, remote-sensing technologies, mobile and social media messaging apps, and administrative data systems […] Given this increasingly datafied environment, and the emerging challenges involved in upholding the Convention on the Rights of the Child in our data age, there is a clear need to develop and disseminate responsible approaches for handling data for and about children.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5a7b\" id=\"5a7b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/post/designing-the-100-questions-for-nyc-panel-reflects-on-new-science-of-questioning-during-open-data-week\" data-href=\"https://blog.thegovlab.org/post/designing-the-100-questions-for-nyc-panel-reflects-on-new-science-of-questioning-during-open-data-week\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Designing the 100 Questions for NYC: Panel Reflects on New Science of Questioning During Open Data Week\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2a3c\" id=\"2a3c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“New Yorkers face many problems in their daily lives. Whether it’s public health or public transit, residents have many concerns about the place they call home. The question many policymakers face, then, is how to identify the most urgent issues for the public in an open, participatory manner and mobilize the resources needed to solve them. On Tuesday, March 3, 2020, The GovLab and\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.reaktor.com/\" data-href=\"https://www.reaktor.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> Reaktor\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> facilitated a discussion aimed at tackling this need.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"69d9\" id=\"69d9\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">February\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"0eac\" id=\"0eac\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*L_Rfyljm3MWqyICn\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"511\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*L_Rfyljm3MWqyICn\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"6e44\" id=\"6e44\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/local-regulation-of-artificial-intelligence-uses-by-stefaan-g-verhulst-1-and-mona-sloane-2020-02?barrier=accesspaylog\" data-href=\"https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/local-regulation-of-artificial-intelligence-uses-by-stefaan-g-verhulst-1-and-mona-sloane-2020-02?barrier=accesspaylog\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Realizing the Potential of AI Localism\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Stefaan Verhulst and Mona Sloane\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9101\" id=\"9101\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“With national innovation strategies focused primarily on achieving dominance in artificial intelligence, the problem of actually regulating AI applications has received less attention. Fortunately, cities and other local jurisdictions are picking up the baton and conducting policy experiments that will yield lessons for everyone.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b988\" id=\"b988\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/responsible-data-for-children-rd4c-10-takeaways-from-the-literature-c73503651a39\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/responsible-data-for-children-rd4c-10-takeaways-from-the-literature-c73503651a39\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Responsible Data for Children (RD4C): 10 Takeaways from the Literature\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Andrew Young\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6a49\" id=\"6a49\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“In this piece, we highlight 10 key takeaways from the Selected Readings on RD4C. Our review of the literature focused on policies, technical guidance, and other relevant documentation driving activity in the space. The review was ecosystem-wide, considering not only global policies uniquely focused on children’s data, but also documentation with any relevant guidance or lessons learned.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"57b1\" id=\"57b1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://future-of-work.the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://future-of-work.the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The 100 Questions: Future of Work Domain Launch\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"46a6\" id=\"46a6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“The Governance Lab (The GovLab) at NYU Tandon School of Engineering and the Bertelsmann Foundation have partnered to launch the “Future of Work” domain of The 100 Questions Initiative, an effort to identify the most important societal questions for which greater access to data and data science methods could find the answers.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"9bdd\" id=\"9bdd\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">January\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"f7ea\" id=\"f7ea\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*ZaBy8xf9ouFpzBtZpKY61A.png\" data-width=\"400\" data-height=\"533\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*ZaBy8xf9ouFpzBtZpKY61A.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"d5e1\" id=\"d5e1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/data-collaborative-case-study-global-fishing-watch-8e92bc72fae6\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/data-collaborative-case-study-global-fishing-watch-8e92bc72fae6\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data Collaborative Case Study #1: Global Fishing Watch\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> by Michelle Winowatan, Andrew Young, and Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3572\" id=\"3572\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This case study examines the Global Fishing Watch, originally set up through a collaboration between Oceana, SkyTruth and Google. It is an independent nonprofit organization dedicated to advancing responsible stewardship of our oceans through increased transparency in fishing activity and scientific research.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0038\" id=\"0038\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://migration.the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://migration.the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The 100 Questions: Migration Domain Voting\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d364\" id=\"d364\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“The Governance Lab at New York University Tandon School of Engineering and its partners released the most pressing questions on migration that could be answered leveraging data and data science and asked the public to prioritize the order in which resources should be applied. The questions were curated through an innovative process of sourcing “bilinguals” — individuals who have both subject matter and data expertise.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5553\" id=\"5553\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy/latest-issue?sort=titleSort%3Aasc&searchWithinIds=3555B26C32D5A8774BD517B4052CAAD8&productType=JOURNAL_ARTICLE&template=cambridge-core%2Fjournal%2Farticle-listings%2Flistings-wrapper&hideArticleJournalMetaData=true&displayNasaAds=false\" data-href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy/latest-issue?sort=titleSort%3Aasc&searchWithinIds=3555B26C32D5A8774BD517B4052CAAD8&productType=JOURNAL_ARTICLE&template=cambridge-core%2Fjournal%2Farticle-listings%2Flistings-wrapper&hideArticleJournalMetaData=true&displayNasaAds=false\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data & Policy Journal\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e872\" id=\"e872\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data & Policy is a peer-reviewed, open access journal dedicated to the impact of data science on policy and governance. In Volume 2 (2020) of Data & Policy, 16 new entries were published — ranging from articles on \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy/article/data-protection-issues-in-crossborder-interoperability-of-electronic-health-record-systems-within-the-european-union/0B2DA4D11A8515E10E1F87EE23A1D37E\" data-href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy/article/data-protection-issues-in-crossborder-interoperability-of-electronic-health-record-systems-within-the-european-union/0B2DA4D11A8515E10E1F87EE23A1D37E\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data protection issues in cross-border interoperability of Electronic Health Record systems within the European Union\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> to \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy/article/data-governance-and-citizen-participation-in-the-digital-welfare-state/CCF2E1914C7E2D4593D550C6BC9E4C70\" data-href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy/article/data-governance-and-citizen-participation-in-the-digital-welfare-state/CCF2E1914C7E2D4593D550C6BC9E4C70\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data Governance and Citizen Participation in the Digital Welfare State.\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/2020-in-review-what-weve-learned-about-data-driven-problem-solving-in-a-year-of-crises",{"title":1808,"description":1811},"2020-in-review-what-weve-learned-about-data-driven-problem-solving-in-a-year-of-crises","blogposts/2020-in-review-what-weve-learned-about-data-driven-problem-solving-in-a-year-of-crises","YNbMtZQrQdQ4bwgVPyFvCSH_PHKgTB3cIUiPfsH5AF8",{"id":1821,"title":1822,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1823,"body":34,"category":44,"date":1824,"description":1825,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1822,"image":1826,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1827,"meta":1828,"navigation":15,"path":1829,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1830,"slug":1831,"startTime":34,"stem":1832,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1833},"blogposts/blogposts/call-for-teams-and-proposals-the-govlab-afd-and-expertise-france-launch-new-data4covid19.json","CALL FOR TEAMS AND PROPOSALS: The GovLab, AFD, and Expertise France Launch New #Data4COVID19",[],"2020-12-15T15:12:39","From now through February 5, 2021, l’Agence française de développement (AFD), together with Expertise France and The GovLab, is soliciting innovative proposals...","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*0uYEIeIm6xMIf5Fm","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"21e4\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">CALL FOR TEAMS AND PROPOSALS: The GovLab, AFD, and Expertise France Launch New #Data4COVID19 Africa Challenge\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"f810\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*0uYEIeIm6xMIf5Fm\" data-image-id=\"0*0uYEIeIm6xMIf5Fm\" data-width=\"981\" data-height=\"483\" data-is-featured=\"true\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"6f24\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">From now through February 5, 2021, l’Agence française de développement (AFD), together with \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.expertisefrance.fr/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.expertisefrance.fr/\">Expertise France\u003C/a> and \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\">The GovLab\u003C/a>, is soliciting innovative proposals (re)using data in a collaborative and responsible way to provide actionable intelligence for decision-makers and people to respond to COVID-19 and future pandemic challenges across Africa.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"463c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">CONTEXT\u003C/strong>: The COVID-19 pandemic has had an enormous impact, killing over \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html\">1,600,000 people\u003C/a> around the world and leading to global economic disruptions. Though the effects on countries like the United States and France has been well-observed, considerably less attention has been given to the African continent. Early estimates suggest COVID-19 will result in a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/aldcmisc2020d3_en.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/aldcmisc2020d3_en.pdf\">1.4% decline\u003C/a> in GDP across the continent, with smaller countries facing significant contractions. An estimated \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/blog/education-plus-development/2020/06/04/ensuring-learning-continuity-for-every-african-child-in-the-time-of-covid-19/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/blog/education-plus-development/2020/06/04/ensuring-learning-continuity-for-every-african-child-in-the-time-of-covid-19/\">250 million\u003C/a> primary and secondary children are out of school due to disease control measures.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6b2d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">FOCUS\u003C/strong>: To help local decision-makers address these and other effects, the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://afd.fr/en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://afd.fr/en\">French Development Agency \u003C/a>(AFD), together with \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://thegovlab.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org\">The GovLab\u003C/a> and \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.expertisefrance.fr/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.expertisefrance.fr/\">Expertise France\u003C/a>, is seeking ideas and proposals that (re)use data to provide actionable insight on COVID-19 in Africa. Focusing on the three domains of public health, social, and economic issues, the challenge aims to spur \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/\">data collaboratives\u003C/a> that can provide actionable intelligence for decision-makers and people to respond to COVID-19 and future pandemic challenges across Africa. The challenge looks specifically for proposals that make use of alternative, non-statistical data and involves participants operating in Francophone Africa.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"04a3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">HOW TO APPLY\u003C/strong>: Applications are open today through February 5, 2021. Successful applicants will receive up to EUR 100,000 in funding to pursue their proposal. We encourage interested applicants to review the full requirements and apply at the challenge’s dedicated website: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://datachallenge.africa/\">https://datachallenge.africa/\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/call-for-teams-and-proposals-the-govlab-afd-and-expertise-france-launch-new-data4covid19",{"title":1822,"description":1825},"call-for-teams-and-proposals-the-govlab-afd-and-expertise-france-launch-new-data4covid19","blogposts/call-for-teams-and-proposals-the-govlab-afd-and-expertise-france-launch-new-data4covid19","5f0eBZtBwTcrydy-HdneaPUJJv1fl9mf12400VBHahw",{"id":1835,"title":1836,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1837,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1838,"description":1839,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1836,"image":1840,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1841,"meta":1842,"navigation":15,"path":1843,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1844,"slug":1845,"startTime":34,"stem":1846,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1847},"blogposts/blogposts/testimony-before-the-house-financial-services-committee-on-citizen-and-stakeholder-engagement-to.json","Testimony before the House Financial Services Committee on Citizen and Stakeholder Engagement to",[],"2020-11-19T20:30:20","This is an excerpt from the testimony delivered to members of the U.S. House Committee on Financial Services Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations during a hearing...","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*s29766Q0dlPAdmh0lkpcwQ.png","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"9b96\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Testimony before the House Financial Services Committee on Citizen and Stakeholder Engagement to Increase the Effectiveness and Legitimacy of Regulations\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"2e9d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">By Beth Simone Noveck\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c614\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This is an excerpt from the testimony delivered to members of the U.S. House Committee on Financial Services Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations during a hearing, titled “Fake It till They Make It: How Bad Actors Use Astroturfing to Manipulate Regulators, Disenfranchise Consumers, and Subvert the Rulemaking Process,” which was held on February 6, 2020.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"dbf5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Download the full written testimony \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.congress.gov/116/meeting/house/110461/witnesses/HHRG-116-BA09-Wstate-NoveckB-20200206.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.congress.gov/116/meeting/house/110461/witnesses/HHRG-116-BA09-Wstate-NoveckB-20200206.pdf\">here\u003C/a> and find more information about the hearing \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://financialservices.house.gov/calendar/eventsingle.aspx?EventID=406112\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://financialservices.house.gov/calendar/eventsingle.aspx?EventID=406112\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"aa94\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p\">\u003Ciframe src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/2zBS4hvfzX4?feature=oembed\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"52ff\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Testimony of Beth Simone Noveck, Professor and Director, The Governance Lab, New York University\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7bee\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Introduction\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f054\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Chairwoman Waters, Ranking Member McHenry, thank you for the opportunity to participate in today’s House Financial Services Committee Oversight and Investigations Subcommittee hearing: “Fake It till They Make It: How Bad Actors Use Astroturfing to Manipulate Regulators, Disenfranchise Consumers, and Subvert the Rulemaking Process.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f96d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">I am a Professor of Technology, Culture and Society at New York University’s Tandon School of Engineering, where I direct the Governance Lab, a nonprofit action research center focusing on the use of new technology to improve governance and strengthen democracy. At the Governance Lab, I direct our work on “CrowdLaw,” where we collaborate with public sector partners to study and design use of new technology to improve the quality of law and policymaking. I previously served as Deputy Chief Technology Officer and Director of the Open Government Initiative under President Obama, where I led White House policy and projects on citizen engagement. I currently also serve as Chief Innovation Officer of the State of New Jersey and as a Member of Chancellor Angela Merkel’s Digital Council.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1ecd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In this submission, which reflects only my personal opinions, I set out the crucial importance of citizen and stakeholder engagement to increase the effectiveness and legitimacy of regulations, and to strengthen democracy and trust in policymakers when both are under severe challenge. I examine some difficulties attached to public commenting in rulemaking, and how they can be overcome using new tools and technology. Finally, I showcase how jurisdictions around the world are turning to crowdlaw, the use of online public engagement in order to improve the quality of the law and rulemaking process, and provide examples that the United States could draw on as it seeks to deepen the foundations of its democracy in uncertain times.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"17c8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Using New Technology to Improve the Quality of Public Participation\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"dc7a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Administrative Procedure Act of 1946 provides the public with an opportunity to participate in the rulemaking process through the submission of data, views, or arguments, which a federal agency is then required to consider prior to promulgation.The right to public participation is not intended to elicit popular opinion about the draft rule or to have people vote on the proposal. It is not an occasion for what constitutional law scholar Alexander Meiklejohn (1872–1964) described as “unregulated talkativeness.” Instead, it is an important opportunity for the public to participate in politics, when “everything worth saying shall be said.” In other words, the goal of public participation in rulemaking is to apprise the relevant agency of the best available information, in order to inform how it crafts the rule. As the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations found in its 2019 report on Abuses of the Rulemaking process, “agencies depend on relevant, substantive information from a wide variety of parties to assist them in developing and updating federal regulations.” Furthermore, the regulations.gov website states, “public participation is an essential function of good governance. Participation enhances the quality of law and its realization through regulations (e.g. Rules).”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f8dc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">High quality participation in rulemaking is also vital for Congress in its oversight capacity. Although agencies often promulgate rules without significant oversight, Congress still retains and uses its lawmaking authority after it delegates responsibility for implementing laws to regulatory agencies. In addition to oversight hearings, members frequently communicate with agencies during the rulemaking process through meetings, letters and calls. For example, this Committee’s Democratic members wrote to the Comptroller of the Currency to ensure that the upcoming Community Reinvestment Act regulatory processes would include meaningful engagement with the public and have suggested extending the period for public commenting from 60 to 120 days to facilitate more diverse participation. Moreover, since the enactment of the Congressional Review Act, Congress has possessed and used its sweeping powers to review and overturn rules and policies within sixty days of submission to Congress (the 60 days from submission technicality is enabling Congress to overturn many rules and policies that have long been in effect).\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0e8c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Thus, the process of public commenting provides a vital opportunity for agencies and Congress to obtain important and relevant information from diverse audiences that will help them to understand whether and how a regulation fulfills its legislative purpose.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ce0a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">However, new technology has also created challenges to successful public participation in rulemaking. The shift from a predominantly paper-based to a digital process has made commenting easier but it has also inadvertently opened the floodgates to voluminous, duplicative and even “fake” comments — what I call notice-and-spam — thereby lessening the value of public participation.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"e407\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As I predicted in an article in the Emory Law Review in 2004, shortly after the launch of regulations.gov: “Automating the comment process might make it easier for interest groups to participate by using bots — small software ‘robots’ — to generate instantly thousands of responses from stored membership lists. Moving from long standing agency traditions to a rationalized online system levels the playing field and lowers the bar to engagement. Suddenly, anyone (or anything) can participate from anywhere. And that is precisely the potential problem. Increased network effects may not improve the legitimacy of public participation. For without the concomitant processes to coordinate participation, quality input will be lost; malicious, irrelevant material will rise to the surface, and information will not reach those who need it. In short, e rulemaking will frustrate the goals of citizen participation.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"38a3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Although much current attention is focused on the problem of fake comments and astroturfing, where an interest group hides its identity and manufactures the appearance that comments come from the “ordinary public,” the more salient and urgent concern for regulators and overseers, is not who signed the comment — if anyone — but the failure to invite and then to use high quality and diverse participation to inform the rulemaking process.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2ed5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">There is a remedy. In the almost two decades since participation moved online, data science tools and methods have evolved to deal with the problems of voluminous, duplicative and fake comments. Yet neither agencies nor the regulations.gov administrator are using them in a substantial way. The more agencies are deluged by voluminous, duplicative and fake “astroturf” comments, the more this race to the bottom reinforces a disturbing disregard for the potential value of public participation. We are failing to recognize the value of public commenting to enhance the quality of rules and, therefore, we have chosen not to solve the real problem at issue, which is not astroturfing, but taking the value of public commenting seriously. Failure to address the real challenge will only set us back further from the growing number of advanced nations that use new technology to tap the collective experience and expertise of their citizens.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b9d7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">I argue that the Committee should direct the agencies it oversees to use — and itself use — easily available tools to:\u003C/p>\n\u003Col class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"eabb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Mine and summarize relevant comments for information.\u003C/strong> As we shall explore, machine learning and natural language processing software, namely those subfields of artificial intelligence used for making sense of large quantities of text, have created unprecedented ways to manage information — to sort the informational wheat from the extraneous content chaff. These technologies could enable agencies to process and analyze public comments rapidly and effectively.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"5639\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Adopt complementary mechanisms for public commenting in addition to notice and comment.\u003C/strong> The technologies of collective intelligence that enable people to communicate and collaborate via the Internet, have led to new ways of soliciting information that are a substantial improvement on the traditional, open-ended submission process of notice-and-comment. Around the world, regulatory agencies and the legislative committees that oversee them are turning to “crowdlaw,” namely the use of the Internet to create a meaningful and deliberative two-way conversation with the public, yielding more relevant, timely and diverse information. I explain how we could — how we must — adopt these practices in the United States and reimagine how agencies engage with citizens and stakeholders.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ol>\n\u003Cp id=\"7e30\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">For additional information on the platforms and processes described herein, please see “CrowdLaw for Congress: Strategies for 21st Century Lawmaking,” a report and short video training materials I authored, available at \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://congress.crowd.law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://congress.crowd.law\">congress.crowd.law\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"1a10\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*s29766Q0dlPAdmh0lkpcwQ.png\" data-image-id=\"1*s29766Q0dlPAdmh0lkpcwQ.png\" data-width=\"2500\" data-height=\"1357\">\n\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">The GovLab’s CrowdLaw for Congress website with cases and examples of how parliaments around the world are using technology to engage with citizens and stakeholders. Available online at \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" href=\"https://congress.crowd.law/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://congress.crowd.law/\">congress.crowd.law.\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"e3b7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Non-Endorsement:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> The technologies referenced in this document are discussed as examples of platforms supporting public participation practices in lawmaking in legislatures around the world. Their mention does not constitute an endorsement of the companies behind these technologies. I derive no financial benefit from these firms.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"4fe7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Summary of Recommendations\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1fc2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In order to address the challenge of voluminous, duplicative and fake comments:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"fae0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">1. Agencies should use machine learning to summarize voluminous comments.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"e045\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">2. Agencies should use deduplication software to remove identical comments.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"705a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">3. Agencies should use filtering software to sift out the real and the relevant.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8bb2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">4. Lawmakers and agencies should use complementary crowdlaw platforms and processes used by other governments and organizations to enable better citizen and stakeholder engagement.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"4937\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">5. Like Brazil and New Jersey, agencies and committees should use Wiki Surveys to reduce volume and duplication.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a140\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">6. Agencies and committees should use Collaborative Drafting and Annotation as Germany did to engage more experts in review of rules.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"14cd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">7. Committees should set up UK-style Evidence Checks to crowdsource review of comments and evidence.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5c31\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">8. Committees should democratize oversight and pilot the use of Citizen Juries as they do in Belgium.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"848e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">To read the written testimony in its entirety, visit \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.congress.gov/116/meeting/house/110461/witnesses/HHRG-116-BA09-Wstate-NoveckB-20200206.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.congress.gov/116/meeting/house/110461/witnesses/HHRG-116-BA09-Wstate-NoveckB-20200206.pdf\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">congress.gov\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5c2c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">For more information, visit \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://crowd.law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://crowd.law\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">crowd.law\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"5aaf\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*zLJVuQrO6gR-dEj16Y50Zg.png\" data-image-id=\"1*zLJVuQrO6gR-dEj16Y50Zg.png\" data-width=\"1673\" data-height=\"997\" data-is-featured=\"true\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/testimony-before-the-house-financial-services-committee-on-citizen-and-stakeholder-engagement-to",{"title":1836,"description":1839},"testimony-before-the-house-financial-services-committee-on-citizen-and-stakeholder-engagement-to","blogposts/testimony-before-the-house-financial-services-committee-on-citizen-and-stakeholder-engagement-to","j1nFOBaU6HeM2KmWj_BuKZNV5bmP4QJ_TL52ERTz5FM",{"id":1849,"title":1850,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1851,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1852,"description":1853,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1850,"image":1854,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1855,"meta":1856,"navigation":15,"path":1857,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1858,"slug":1859,"startTime":34,"stem":1860,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1861},"blogposts/blogposts/podcast-its-time-to-talk-about-voting-technology-no-not-that-kind-of-voting.json","Podcast: Its time to talk about voting technology. No, not that kind of voting.",[],"2020-11-19T18:52:09","On November 10, 2020, the Committee on House Administration issued a staff report about the technological feasibility of remote voting in…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*HExIEa-hqJmY1NVBu54P4g.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"b765\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"2156\" id=\"2156\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Podcast: It’s time to talk about voting technology. No, not that kind of voting.\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"9b36\" id=\"9b36\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">On November 10, 2020, the Committee on House Administration issued a staff \u003Ca href=\"https://s3.amazonaws.com/demandprogress/documents/2020_Feasibility_of_Remote_Voting_in_the_US_v4_1.pdf\" data-href=\"https://s3.amazonaws.com/demandprogress/documents/2020_Feasibility_of_Remote_Voting_in_the_US_v4_1.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">report\u003C/a> about the \u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/congressional-staff-report-says-remote-voting-is-technologically-feasible-a1f7974cd15b\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/congressional-staff-report-says-remote-voting-is-technologically-feasible-a1f7974cd15b\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">technological feasibility\u003C/a> of remote voting in the US House of Representatives.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d77a\" id=\"d77a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Marketplace Tech correspondent Amy Scott recently \u003Ca href=\"https://www.marketplace.org/shows/marketplace-tech/congress-voting-remotely-securely-existing-technology-passing-legislation-apps-phone-calls/\" data-href=\"https://www.marketplace.org/shows/marketplace-tech/congress-voting-remotely-securely-existing-technology-passing-legislation-apps-phone-calls/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">interviewed\u003C/a> Beth Simone Noveck, Director of The GovLab, about the opportunities that remote voting presents for Congress to increase the diversity of participation in committee hearings, to support contingency plans in case of future disasters, and to create new opportunities for the public to participate in the lawmaking process. Noveck says that while many US lawmakers remain apprehensive about changing long-standing procedures, Congress should look at how legislatures around the world have adopted modern and safe digital infrastructure that allows lawmakers to convene, deliberate and vote without the need to gather in-person.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"34fc\" id=\"34fc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Listen to the interview below and read the whole story on \u003Ca href=\"https://www.marketplace.org/shows/marketplace-tech/congress-voting-remotely-securely-existing-technology-passing-legislation-apps-phone-calls/\" data-href=\"https://www.marketplace.org/shows/marketplace-tech/congress-voting-remotely-securely-existing-technology-passing-legislation-apps-phone-calls/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Marketplace.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"136f\" id=\"136f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p\">\u003Ciframe src=\"https://open.spotify.com/embed-podcast/episode/2OqgOdRrxgEoAetc6eWrRC\" width=\"600\" height=\"232\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"4ca9\" id=\"4ca9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This post is part of a series on the Continuity of Legislatures. Find the whole series \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/continuity-of-legislatures-series-d9d86496fc39\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/continuity-of-legislatures-series-d9d86496fc39\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"fffd\" id=\"fffd\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*HExIEa-hqJmY1NVBu54P4g.png\" data-width=\"1747\" data-height=\"898\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*HExIEa-hqJmY1NVBu54P4g.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/podcast-its-time-to-talk-about-voting-technology-no-not-that-kind-of-voting",{"title":1850,"description":1853},"podcast-its-time-to-talk-about-voting-technology-no-not-that-kind-of-voting","blogposts/podcast-its-time-to-talk-about-voting-technology-no-not-that-kind-of-voting","nXf2C7p9amylL1RLw-Pg63cMNtfv3ZF5ARTVZjtV-gM",{"id":1863,"title":1864,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1865,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1866,"description":1867,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1864,"image":1868,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1869,"meta":1870,"navigation":15,"path":1871,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1872,"slug":1873,"startTime":34,"stem":1874,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1875},"blogposts/blogposts/announcing-first-of-its-kind-executive-course-on-data-stewardship-focused-on-data-re-use-in-the.json","ANNOUNCING: First of its Kind Executive Course on Data Stewardship Focused on Data Re-Use in the",[],"2020-11-19T02:05:05","Learn how to initiate a data strategy in the public interest from key players in the field","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*1fJ3nlqEv5Ll2TntfMmyDg.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"5955\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"9a1a\" id=\"9a1a\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">ANNOUNCING: First of its Kind Executive Course on Data Stewardship — Focused on Data Re-Use in the Public Interest\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"beaa\" id=\"beaa\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">Learn how to initiate a data strategy in the public interest from key players in the field\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"e9ce\" id=\"e9ce\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*1fJ3nlqEv5Ll2TntfMmyDg.jpeg\" data-width=\"4608\" data-height=\"3456\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*1fJ3nlqEv5Ll2TntfMmyDg.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Photo by Unsplash/\u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/FHnnjk1Yj7Y\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/FHnnjk1Yj7Y\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Nick Morrison\u003C/a> is licensed under \u003Ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\" data-href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CC0\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"596c\" id=\"596c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Today, the Open Data Policy Lab is excited to announce a first ever online executive course on \u003Ca href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Data Stewardship: Developing a Data Reuse Strategy for Solving Public Problems\u003C/a> to give leaders in the public sector, private sector, and civil institutions the skills they need to address today’s challenges with data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5e40\" id=\"5e40\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The GovLab established this executive education course based on several years of research and practice aimed at enabling more systematic, sustainable, and responsible data reuse and collaboration in the public interest. Our efforts have made clear that positive impact is often muted due to the absence of professional \u003Ca href=\"http://datastewards.net/\" data-href=\"http://datastewards.net/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">data stewards\u003C/a> at the supply and demand side of data collaboration. This course intends to nurture the continued development of this new profession, and to support responsible data leaders seeking to unlock the institutional and societal value of data and collaboration.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e134\" id=\"e134\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Applications for participation are open \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScWD0EUWrN3i-ou9wcPeyDQSokVuLpwJqmKvtTuenjN7M3TZg/viewform\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScWD0EUWrN3i-ou9wcPeyDQSokVuLpwJqmKvtTuenjN7M3TZg/viewform\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">at this link\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> until December 17th\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"4655\" id=\"4655\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">What Will the Course Cover?\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"079b\" id=\"079b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data Stewardship: Developing a Data Re-Use Strategy for Solving Public Problems\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> is a new course offering to help leaders in the public and private sector develop a data reuse strategy to solve public problems. Noting the ways in which data resources can inform their day-to-day and strategic decision-making, we teach participants ways in which they can use data to improve how they operate and pursue goals in the public’s interests. By working differently — using agile methods and data analytics — public sector and private sector leaders can further open data and reduce data access inequities in ways that advance their institution’s goals.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"95bc\" id=\"95bc\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">What Will the Outcomes Be?\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"bb5b\" id=\"bb5b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Over the course of eight weeks, participants will learn all the steps required to develop a 21st century data strategy. They will develop a greater understanding of the waves of open data; learn to promote data responsibility and data stewardship within their organization; and create a data collaboration and reuse strategy that can serve the unique needs of their organization; and society-at large.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"51a2\" id=\"51a2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">By the end of the eight-week course period, participants will possess\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"60e3\" id=\"60e3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">A greater understanding of the \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/third-wave-of-open-data/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">three waves of open data\u003C/a>;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3421\" id=\"3421\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The ability to promote data responsibility and data stewardship within their organization; and\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9c51\" id=\"9c51\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">An operational Data Collaboration and Reuse Strategy that serves the unique needs of the participant’s organization.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch3 name=\"363b\" id=\"363b\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--li\">Who Should Apply?\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"37b0\" id=\"37b0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">This course intends to attract and develop highly talented aspiring data stewards who are interested in better incorporating data reuse into their operations. To kick-start the course, participation will be limited to a small cohort who already work on data collaboration issues or serve individuals tasked by their organization to act as data stewards. Ideal applicants will have several years of experience in a leadership role and demonstrate the capacity to work across sectors. Successful applicants could work in institutions such as:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"e0b8\" id=\"e0b8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">International Organizations;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ab3f\" id=\"ab3f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">National Statistical Offices;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"83dc\" id=\"83dc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Sub-National Policymaking Bodies (City or state governments);\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b92f\" id=\"b92f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Technology Start-ups or Companies that want to accelerate their data for good program;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e8b4\" id=\"e8b4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Leading Nonprofits and Philanthropies Supporting Data and Governance Innovation; and\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e7ae\" id=\"e7ae\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Research Organizations that seek to act as trusted intermediaries.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch3 name=\"dcdf\" id=\"dcdf\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--li\">How Long Does It Run and What is the Time Commitment?\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"1f3d\" id=\"1f3d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">The course will feature eight weeks of remote training, as well as a project demo day and various “field trips” to learn from experts and practitioners supporting data stewardship and reuse in different contexts. The course will commence in mid-January 2021 and conclude in early April.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a589\" id=\"a589\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Participants should expect to spend 4–5 hours per week in remote learning seminars and completing other course work. The exact timing of these learning sessions (including as it relates to timezones) will be determined based on the accepted cohort of learners. We encourage qualified candidates to apply regardless of their location or timezone.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"28e0\" id=\"28e0\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">How Much Does it Cost?\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"27a5\" id=\"27a5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data Stewardship: Developing a Data Re-Use Strategy for Solving Public Problems\u003C/em> is a \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">free\u003C/strong> course for those selected. We are also working on making our course materials accessible online to all over time.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"a07d\" id=\"a07d\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Will I Receive a Certificate?\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"88f4\" id=\"88f4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Yes, everyone who successfully completes the course will receive a personalized certificate of completion from the Open Data Policy Lab — in both physical and digital forms.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4a8f\" id=\"4a8f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">At the end of the course, participants will additionally join a network of course alumni through which they can continue to share regular insights and engage in peer-to-peer learning.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"d1ed\" id=\"d1ed\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">How Do I Apply?\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"d848\" id=\"d848\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">The course is free to senior data leaders interested in better incorporating data reuse into their organization. Interested participants are asked to submit a bit of information on their experience and interest in data stewardship, as well as a resume, letter of support from their organization, and any other supporting materials using \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScWD0EUWrN3i-ou9wcPeyDQSokVuLpwJqmKvtTuenjN7M3TZg/viewform?usp=sf_link\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScWD0EUWrN3i-ou9wcPeyDQSokVuLpwJqmKvtTuenjN7M3TZg/viewform?usp=sf_link\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">this short online form\u003C/a>. The application deadline is \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Friday, December 17, 2020 at 5:00PM ET\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"f69b\" id=\"f69b\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">How Is the Course Structured\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"fc0c\" id=\"fc0c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">As we believe in “learning by doing”, each class will be discussion based and give participants the opportunity to talk about the real barriers to data reuse facing them in their day-to-day work. In addition to these extensive opportunities for peer learning, each course will be taught by Open Data Policy Lab staff with academic and real-world experience. Courses will also feature regular expert guests from large technology companies, national statistical offices, and leading nonprofits that can discuss the ways they have solved serious organizational challenges and used data for the public good.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"951c\" id=\"951c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This course will be taught in an interactive, online group setting. Participants will meet every week for eight weeks of live instruction. Each class will include:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"fff4\" id=\"fff4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Half-day seminars delivered by top faculty and practitioners;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"df65\" id=\"df65\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Discussions with data stewards who have successfully developed data collaboratives or open data strategies for their organization;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6c19\" id=\"6c19\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Custom resources including videos, case studies, articles, and other reading materials; and\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"edfb\" id=\"edfb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Hands-on exercises and opportunities to work with peers.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch3 name=\"f755\" id=\"f755\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--li\">Who Is Teaching the Course?\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"ce89\" id=\"ce89\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Earlier this year, \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab\u003C/a>, with support from \u003Ca href=\"https://www.microsoft.com/\" data-href=\"https://www.microsoft.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Microsoft\u003C/a>, launched the Open Data Policy Lab to support data professionals and policymakers at the local, regional and national levels to solve public challenges. The GovLab’s Stefaan G. Verhulst and Andrew Young are programs leads for the \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data Stewardship: Developing a Data Re-Use Strategy for Solving Public Problems\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> course. Learners will also receive guidance from an expert roster of Guest Faculty, including:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"acaa\" id=\"acaa\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Rudi Borrmann, Deputy Director, OGP Local, Open Government Partnership\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b238\" id=\"b238\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Jaimie Boyd, Chief Digital Officer, Government of British Columbia\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3f3c\" id=\"3f3c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Ciro Catutto, Principal Scientist, ISI Foundation\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2bf1\" id=\"2bf1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Stephen Chacha, Co-Founder, Tanzania Data Lab\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"fe9e\" id=\"fe9e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Lilian Coral, Director, National Strategy + Technology Innovation, Knight Foundation\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8d19\" id=\"8d19\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Jessica Espy, Senior Advisor and Director, SDSN TReNDS\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ff26\" id=\"ff26\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Nick Hart, CEO of the Data Coalition and President of the Data Foundation\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a743\" id=\"a743\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Tyler Kleykamp, Director, State Chief Data Officers Network, Beeck Center for Social Impact + Innovation\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"01bf\" id=\"01bf\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Jacqueline Lu, Data Lead, Mozilla\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4df7\" id=\"4df7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Douwe Lycklama, Founding Partner, INNOPAY\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d7df\" id=\"d7df\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Amen Ra Mashariki, Global Director, Data Lab, World Resources Institute\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5869\" id=\"5869\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Alison Paprica, Assistant Professor, Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8158\" id=\"8158\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">JoAnn Stonier, Chief Data Officer, Mastercard\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b0a6\" id=\"b0a6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Julia Stoyanovich, Assistant Professor, Computer Science and Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7acd\" id=\"7acd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Barbara Ubaldi, Head of Digital Government and Data Unit, OECD\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a0ed\" id=\"a0ed\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">John Wilbanks, Chief Commons Officer, Sage Bionetworks\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch3 name=\"68e4\" id=\"68e4\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--li\">Where Can I Learn More and Stay Up to Date?\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"dc4d\" id=\"dc4d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3 graf--trailing\">The Open Data Policy Lab is excited to begin sharing its knowledge on data reuse to foster a community of dedicated experts. Those interested in learning more can visit the \u003Ca href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://course.opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">course’s page\u003C/a> or email us at datastewards@thegovlab.org. Please include “Data Stewardship Course” in the subject line.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/announcing-first-of-its-kind-executive-course-on-data-stewardship-focused-on-data-re-use-in-the",{"title":1864,"description":1867},"announcing-first-of-its-kind-executive-course-on-data-stewardship-focused-on-data-re-use-in-the","blogposts/announcing-first-of-its-kind-executive-course-on-data-stewardship-focused-on-data-re-use-in-the","pJnp96T8JejTm4aCLRQGnFETGEZPPyvCBFDiR4372AE",{"id":1877,"title":1878,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1879,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1880,"description":1881,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1878,"image":1882,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1883,"meta":1884,"navigation":15,"path":1885,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1886,"slug":1887,"startTime":34,"stem":1888,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1889},"blogposts/blogposts/the-govlab-at-nyu-tandon-releases-recommendations-for-data-driven-response-to-covid-19.json","The GovLab at NYU Tandon releases recommendations for data-driven response to COVID-19",[],"2020-11-16T18:48:00","BROOKLYN, New York, November 16, 2020 — The Governance Lab(The GovLab) at the NYU Tandon School of Engineering, with support from the Henry Luce Foundation, today released guidance to inform decision-making in the responsible re-use of data...","https://cms.thegovlab.com/assets/ace28085-144a-4f9e-ab78-6cafceb2f574","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"a268\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">The GovLab at NYU Tandon releases recommendations for data-driven response to COVID-19\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"9197\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">BROOKLYN, New York, November 16, 2020 — \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/research/centers/govlab\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/research/centers/govlab\">The Governance Lab\u003C/a>(The GovLab) at the NYU Tandon School of Engineering, with support from the Henry Luce Foundation, today released guidance to inform decision-making in the responsible re-use of data — re-purposing data for a use other than that for which it was originally intended — to address COVID-19. The findings, recommendations, and a new Responsible Data Re-Use framework stem from \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://thedataassembly.org/about.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener noopener\" data-href=\"https://thedataassembly.org/about.html\">The Data Assembly initiative\u003C/a> in New York City. An effort to solicit diverse, actionable public input on data re-use for crisis response in the United States, the Data Assembly brought together New York City-based stakeholders from government, the private sector, civic rights and advocacy organizations, and the general public to deliberate on innovative, though potentially risky, uses of data to inform crisis response in New York City. The findings and guidance from the initiative will inform policymaking and practice regarding data re-use in New York City, as well as free data literacy training offerings.\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"eb3a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Data Assembly’s Responsible Data Re-Use Framework provides clarity on a major element of the ongoing crisis. Though leaders throughout the world have relied on data to reduce uncertainty and make better decisions, expectations around the use and sharing of siloed data assets has remained unclear. This summer, along with the New York Public Library and Brooklyn Public Library, The GovLab co-hosted four months of remote deliberations with New York-based civil rights organizations, key data holders, and policymakers. Today’s release is a product of these discussions, to show how New Yorkers and their leaders think about the opportunities and risks involved in the data-driven response to COVID-19.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"e663\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As the report and framework describe, these considerations can be summarized through five major takeaways, among them a need to match urgency with accountability; support and expand data literacy; seek to create equitable, positive impacts across communities; engage with legitimate, local actors; and develop roles in institutions that can coordinate data re-use. The piece also includes a series of principles — organized around questions of why, what, who, how, when, and where — that detail how organizations can realize these findings in their own data work.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8ef4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“There is not enough public conversation about data use and reuse,” said Dr. Mariko Silver, President and CEO of the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.hluce.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.hluce.org/\">Luce Foundation\u003C/a>, about the value of the report and deliberations. “The kind of trust building that’s required to make data really useful requires us to be engaged in conversations with communities and across communities.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ad00\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“The Data Assembly shows the importance of engaging with the public and other stakeholders to solve policy and governance challenges resulting from re-using data,” said \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.thegovlab.org/stefaan-verhulst.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.thegovlab.org/stefaan-verhulst.html\">Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/a>, Co-Founder and Chief Research and Development Officer of The GovLab. “Data could help mitigate the impacts of COVID-19 but it needs to be used responsibly, legitimately, and in accordance with public expectations.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"75a2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Data Assembly Synthesis Report and Responsible Data Re-Use Framework demonstrate how policymakers and institutional decision-makers in New York can balance the potential costs and benefits of re-using data while also taking into account the different, and sometimes contradictory, needs of various stakeholders. The report will be followed by subsequent assemblies in other U.S. cities seeking to understand how interests vary across regions. Additional information on the project will be published in the coming weeks.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ddb4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Until then, the guidance can be found online at The Data Assembly website (\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://thedataassembly.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" data-href=\"http://thedataassembly.org/\">thedataassembly.org\u003C/a>). Parties interested in additional analysis are invited to subscribe to The GovLab’s Data Stewards Newsletter or visit its website (\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://datastewards.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" data-href=\"http://datastewards.net/\">datastewards.net\u003C/a>).\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>\n\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Cp id=\"fd5d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">About the Henry Luce Foundation\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d5a0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Henry Luce Foundation seeks to enrich public discourse by promoting innovative scholarship, cultivating new leaders, and fostering international understanding. Established in 1936 by Henry R. Luce, the co-founder and editor-in-chief of Time, Inc., the Luce Foundation advances its mission through grantmaking and leadership programs in the fields of Asia, higher education, religion and theology, art, and public policy.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"aa2d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">About The Governance Lab at the NYU Tandon School of Engineering\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"de1a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Governance Lab’s mission is to improve people’s lives by changing the way we govern. Our goal at The GovLab is to strengthen the ability of institutions — including but not limited to governments — and people to work more openly, collaboratively, effectively, and legitimately to make better decisions and solve public problems. We believe that increased availability and use of data, new ways to leverage the capacity, intelligence, and expertise of people in the problem-solving process, combined with new advances in technology and science, can transform governance. We approach each challenge and opportunity in an interdisciplinary, collaborative way, irrespective of the problem, sector, geography, and level of government. For more information, visit \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">thegovlab.org\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"4690\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">About the New York University Tandon School of Engineering\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6e5f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The NYU Tandon School of Engineering dates to 1854, the founding date for both the New York University School of Civil Engineering and Architecture and the Brooklyn Collegiate and Polytechnic Institute. A January 2014 merger created a comprehensive school of education and research in engineering and applied sciences as part of a global university, with close connections to engineering programs at NYU Abu Dhabi and NYU Shanghai. NYU Tandon is rooted in a vibrant tradition of entrepreneurship, intellectual curiosity, and innovative solutions to humanity’s most pressing global challenges. Research at Tandon focuses on vital intersections between communications/IT, cybersecurity, and data science/AI/robotics systems and tools and critical areas of society that they influence, including emerging media, health, sustainability, and urban living. We believe diversity is integral to excellence, and are creating a vibrant, inclusive, and equitable environment for all of our students, faculty and staff. For more information, visit \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://engineering.nyu.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://engineering.nyu.edu/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">engineering.nyu.edu\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/the-govlab-at-nyu-tandon-releases-recommendations-for-data-driven-response-to-covid-19",{"title":1878,"description":1881},"the-govlab-at-nyu-tandon-releases-recommendations-for-data-driven-response-to-covid-19","blogposts/the-govlab-at-nyu-tandon-releases-recommendations-for-data-driven-response-to-covid-19","yiyzdH4_usOGnpfgTFqxJHWYxt8P5H1GOeshCYfC6z8",{"id":1891,"title":1892,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1893,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1894,"description":1895,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1892,"image":1896,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1897,"meta":1898,"navigation":15,"path":1899,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1900,"slug":1901,"startTime":34,"stem":1902,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1903},"blogposts/blogposts/data-to-go-the-value-of-data-portability-as-a-means-to-data-liquidity.json","Data to Go: The Value of Data Portability as a Means to Data Liquidity",[],"2020-10-26T15:52:04","If data is the new oil, why isn’t it flowing? For almost two decades, data management in fields such as government, healthcare, finance, and research has aspired to achieve a state of data liquidity, in which data can be reused where and when it is needed. ","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*a5YFaA0ySdPfKLCo.jpeg","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"d1c6\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Data to Go: The Value of Data Portability as a Means to Data Liquidity\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"01db\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">By Juliet McMurren and \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/u/c5f8516e52e7?source=post_page-----d8907565e515--------------------------------\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/u/c5f8516e52e7?source=post_page-----d8907565e515--------------------------------\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Stefaan G. Verhulst\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0e6f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This article was originally published in \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/data-to-go-the-value-of-data-portability-as-a-means-to-data-liquidity-d8907565e515\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/data-to-go-the-value-of-data-portability-as-a-means-to-data-liquidity-d8907565e515\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data & Policy\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, the peer-reviewed, open-access venue dedicated to the potential of data science to address important policy challenges.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"614e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">If data is the “new oil,” why isn’t it flowing? For almost two decades, data management in fields such as government, healthcare, finance, and research has aspired to achieve a state of \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/51530748_Data_Liquidity_in_Health_Information_Systems\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/51530748_Data_Liquidity_in_Health_Information_Systems\">data liquidity\u003C/a>, in which data can be reused where and when it is needed. For the most part, however, this aspiration remains unrealized. The majority of the world’s data continues to stagnate in silos, controlled by data holders and inaccessible to both its subjects and others who could use it to create or improve services, for research, or to solve pressing public problems.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"78ed\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Efforts to increase liquidity have focused on forms of voluntary institutional data sharing such as data pools or other forms of \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/\">data collaboratives\u003C/a>. Although useful, these arrangements can only advance liquidity so far. Because they vest responsibility and control over liquidity in the hands of data holders, their success depends on data holders’ willingness and ability to provide access to their data for the greater good. While that willingness exists in some fields, particularly \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://nam.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/NCPF-Achieving-Data-Liquidity.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://nam.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/NCPF-Achieving-Data-Liquidity.pdf\">medical research\u003C/a>, a willingness to share data is much less likely where data holders are commercial competitors and data is the source of their competitive advantage. And even where willingness exists, the ability of data holders to share data safely, securely, and interoperably may not. Without a common set of secure, standardized, and interoperable tools and practices, the best that such bottom-up collaboration can achieve is a disconnected patchwork of initiatives, rather than the data liquidity proponents are seeking.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"7068\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*a5YFaA0ySdPfKLCo.jpeg\" data-image-id=\"0*a5YFaA0ySdPfKLCo.jpeg\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"489\" data-is-featured=\"true\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"e357\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2018/09/what-we-mean-when-we-say-data-portability\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2018/09/what-we-mean-when-we-say-data-portability\">Data portability\u003C/a> is one potential solution to this problem. As enacted in the EU General Data Protection Regulation (2018) and the California Consumer Privacy Act (2018), the right to data portability asserts that individuals have a right to obtain, copy, and reuse their personal data and transfer it between platforms or services. In so doing, it shifts control over data liquidity to data subjects, obliging data holders to release data whether or not it is in their commercial interests to do so. Proponents of data portability argue that, once data is unlocked and free to move between platforms, it can be combined and reused in novel ways and in contexts well beyond those in which it was originally collected, all while enabling greater individual control.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7c60\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To date, however, arguments for the benefits of the right to data portability have typically failed to connect this rights-based approach with the larger goal of data liquidity and how portability might advance it. This failure to connect these principles and to demonstrate their collective benefits to data subjects, data holders, and society has real-world consequences. Without a clear view of what can be achieved, policymakers are unlikely to develop interventions and incentives to advance liquidity and portability, individuals will not exercise their rights to data portability, and industry will not experiment with use cases and develop the tools and standards needed to make portability and liquidity a reality.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ae74\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Toward these ends, we have been exploring the\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/selected-readings-on-data-portability-4f7296d69c9c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/selected-readings-on-data-portability-4f7296d69c9c\"> current literature on data portability\u003C/a> and liquidity, searching for lessons and insights into the benefits that can be unlocked when data liquidity is enabled through the right to data portability. Below we identify some of the greatest potential benefits for society, individuals, and data-holding organizations. These benefits are sometimes in conflict with one another, making the field a contentious one that demands further research on the trade-offs and empirical evidence of impact. In the final section, we also discuss some barriers and challenges to achieving greater data liquidity.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0858\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">I.\u003C/strong> \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Societal Benefits\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Col class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"8b57\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Informing policy and programs to respond to global problems.\u003C/strong> Once data can flow freely and be transferred and reused, it can be used to inform responses to issues like poverty, disease, and environmental threats. Ported data made possible the\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"http://www.greenbuttondata.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"http://www.greenbuttondata.org/\"> Green Button\u003C/a> initiative, which gives consumers access to their smart meter energy usage data and average consumption for their neighbourhood. Consumers using Green Button reduced their energy use by up to 18 percent, which helped states reduce overall consumption, meet their\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/52d5c817e4b062861277ea97/t/56b2ba9e356fb0b4c8559b7d/1454553838241/Got+Data+-+value+of+energy+data+access+to+consumers.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/52d5c817e4b062861277ea97/t/56b2ba9e356fb0b4c8559b7d/1454553838241/Got+Data+-+value+of+energy+data+access+to+consumers.pdf\"> energy efficiency\u003C/a> goals, and optimize their grid sizing. Reuse of this energy data by third parties has the potential to deliver further benefits through the design and delivery of smart appliances that optimize energy use based on grid demand. A\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2020-09/DEPA-Book_0.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2020-09/DEPA-Book_0.pdf\"> similar government data portability initiative\u003C/a> in India proposes to help underbanked individuals and small businesses access finance by porting and using their past financial transactions.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"f54f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Enabling research and data altruism:\u003C/strong> Data liquidity through portability also has the potential to be a major\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325635784_Is_the_GDPR_and_Its_Right_to_Data_Portability_a_Major_Enabler_of_Citizen_Science\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325635784_Is_the_GDPR_and_Its_Right_to_Data_Portability_a_Major_Enabler_of_Citizen_Science\"> enabler of research\u003C/a>, allowing individuals to donate data — such as that collected through wearables — to research initiatives, or to transfer their data among projects for reuse. Such initiatives could advance “\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128021156000033\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128021156000033\">data altruism\u003C/a>” — dramatically expanding the pool of data available to researchers while greatly reducing the cost and time required for some types of research.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"4348\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Designing cheaper and more effective services and programs.\u003C/strong> Improved intelligence derived from ported data could enable consolidated, targeted, and more personalized social services to be delivered at a lower cost to the taxpayer or funder. Integrating health data from multiple providers — as with the US\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4696090/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4696090/\"> Blue Button\u003C/a> initiative — can enable more seamless and convenient services for patients, with lower costs and fewer risks for providers. The aggregated data from this type of initiative can also generate societal insight and public health findings and applications that can help individual users monitor and improve their health.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"fa64\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Gains to economic growth and productivity.\u003C/strong> Reducing the costs and friction associated with transferring data, and increasing the ability to combine data sources, could yield productivity and economic gains. Economic growth can be boosted by supply-side benefits enabled by new technologies, infrastructure, capabilities and skills that support data portability, as well as by potential export opportunities for these technologies. Similarly, as data becomes cheaper and more accessible, firms can use more of it, leading to increased productivity, while combining types of data can reduce production costs by allowing a more precisely targeted product. \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.ctrl-shift.co.uk/reports/DCMS_Ctrl-Shift_Data_mobility_report_full.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.ctrl-shift.co.uk/reports/DCMS_Ctrl-Shift_Data_mobility_report_full.pdf\">UK estimates\u003C/a> suggest productivity and efficiency benefits to GDP from personal data mobility could be worth £27.8 billion (US $36.1 billion).\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"ad73\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Innovation and development of new technologies and industries.\u003C/strong> When consumers are free to move their data in response to changes in product or pricing, competition is likely to increase. This is particularly true when markets are highly concentrated, as is the case with the tech sector. More competition may in some cases lead to greater innovation and the development of new technologies and markets, both of which can also lead, in turn, to more economic growth and productivity.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ol>\n\u003Cp id=\"c8be\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">II.\u003C/strong> \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Individual Benefits\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a1c8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Data portability greatly increases individuals’ agency over their information and their choices as consumers. The resulting benefits to individuals include:\u003C/p>\n\u003Col class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"2033\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Empowerment and informational self-determination.\u003C/strong> Data portability strengthens individuals’\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.ctrl-shift.co.uk/reports/DCMS_Ctrl-Shift_Data_mobility_report_full.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.ctrl-shift.co.uk/reports/DCMS_Ctrl-Shift_Data_mobility_report_full.pdf\"> personal autonomy over data\u003C/a>, and their capacity to determine what is shared and with whom. Consumers can choose to share data with certain firms over others, responding to differences in pricing, data handling methods, or other practices. In turn, greater autonomy and control is likely to increase transparency and trust in the relationship between \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://theodi.org/article/will-gdpr-and-data-portability-support-innovation/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://theodi.org/article/will-gdpr-and-data-portability-support-innovation/\">data holders and consumers.\u003C/a> Data portability may also empower individuals to engage in \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/citizen-scientists-donate-data-for-online-price-personalization-research\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/citizen-scientists-donate-data-for-online-price-personalization-research\">citizen science\u003C/a> or \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.tidepool.org/bigdata\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.tidepool.org/bigdata\">donate their data\u003C/a> for other research purposes.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"ba98\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Increased choice and innovation. \u003C/strong>As noted, by enabling consumers to switch companies or providers, data portability can create competition in previously uncompetitive markets. In doing so, data portability can also lead to the development of new and previously unimagined products, such as\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.ctrl-shift.co.uk/reports/DCMS_Ctrl-Shift_Data_mobility_report_full.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.ctrl-shift.co.uk/reports/DCMS_Ctrl-Shift_Data_mobility_report_full.pdf\"> recommendation services for utilities, clothing or entertainment\u003C/a>, through \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.ctrl-shift.co.uk/reports/DCMS_Ctrl-Shift_Data_mobility_report_full.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.ctrl-shift.co.uk/reports/DCMS_Ctrl-Shift_Data_mobility_report_full.pdf\">recombinant innovation\u003C/a>, the combining of data from different sources in new ways. The advent of \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/uk/Documents/financial-services/deloitte-uk-open-banking-how-to-flourish-in-an-uncertain-future.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/uk/Documents/financial-services/deloitte-uk-open-banking-how-to-flourish-in-an-uncertain-future.pdf\">open banking\u003C/a>, for example, opens markets not just for new banks, but also for providers of other services built on financial data, such as price comparison websites, banking infrastructure and interfaces.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"1f2c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Better services and lower prices.\u003C/strong> Through improved targeting, reduced switching costs, increased competition, and reduced information asymmetries, data portability can lower prices and result in enhanced service by data holders and providers. In the European Union, for example, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"http://pedro-ferreira.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Mobile-Number-Portability.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"http://pedro-ferreira.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Mobile-Number-Portability.pdf\">the introduction of mobile number portability\u003C/a> from the late 1990s led to reductions in mobile market prices of over four percent and cumulative savings equivalent to €880 million per quarter. These benefits can accrue to commercial data subjects as well as individual consumers. A \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.azleg.gov/legtext/54leg/1r/bills/hb2418s.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.azleg.gov/legtext/54leg/1r/bills/hb2418s.htm\">2019 Arizona statute\u003C/a> gives auto dealers the right to authorize third-party software providers to access their data from their dealer management software (DMS) platforms. This decision, which challenges the hold DMS providers have over their client data, offers auto dealers the potential for new services with improved functionality, and at lower cost.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"9585\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Convenience. \u003C/strong>Data liquidity can enable consumers to\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://datatransferproject.dev/dtp-overview.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://datatransferproject.dev/dtp-overview.pdf\"> preserve and move\u003C/a> their contacts, content, data, and social graph — the map of connections between that user and other users of the service — when transferring between providers or services. This ability introduces far more convenience in the everyday life of consumers — for instance, when switching platforms or hardware. In the case of health data, the greater convenience that accrues from portability could even be lifesaving in situations where users are unable to give their medical history.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"0a16\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Security.\u003C/strong> Data portability can enable users to\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://datatransferproject.dev/dtp-overview.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://datatransferproject.dev/dtp-overview.pdf\"> back up, organize, and archive\u003C/a> their data, recover from account hacking or hijacking, and retrieve data from deprecated services at the end of their use life. These capabilities could greatly increase the security of consumer data and activities, ensuring that data stays within and under the control of consumers, and that it can easily be retrieved if stolen, lost, or otherwise damaged.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ol>\n\u003Cp id=\"5f2d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">III.\u003C/strong> \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Benefits to Existing and Potential Data Holders\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"dda0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Existing data holders, especially private companies, often see data portability as a competitive threat. It is true that greater data liquidity through portability shifts agency and control from data holders to the consumers who are the data subjects. Equally, it has the potential to increase competition by making data that was once restricted to one data holder available to other players. Nonetheless, organizations holding data also stand to benefit from the data liquidity created by portability if they are willing and able to adapt. Portability has the potential to increase existing data holders’ access to data by enabling them to access additional, previously unavailable sources of data. It can also enable new players to receive data, establish themselves, and become data holders themselves. Among the benefits we would expect to see:\u003C/p>\n\u003Col class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"c44c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Opportunities for existing data holders to collaborate by aggregating data to create synergistic products.\u003C/strong> When data becomes more liquid through portability, existing data holders can benefit by encouraging and facilitating the porting of data to collaborators or a jointly created third party. Through collaboration, they can create platform-like ecosystems of synergistic products and services whose value is greater than members’ individual products or services. Smaller players can also use collaboration to achieve the critical mass of data needed to mount a collective challenge to market leaders. Within the banking sector, for example, this could produce opportunities to collaborate over\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/uk/Documents/financial-services/deloitte-uk-open-banking-how-to-flourish-in-an-uncertain-future.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/uk/Documents/financial-services/deloitte-uk-open-banking-how-to-flourish-in-an-uncertain-future.pdf\"> infrastructure, products, and customer interfaces\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"191b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Opportunities for both existing and potential data holders to innovate to create new products and services.\u003C/strong> Recombinant innovation has the potential to drive innovation in product and service design and delivery, business models, platforms, ecosystems, technology, and infrastructure. This recombination could involve a mix of in-house data holdings and ported data, in the case of existing data holders, or entirely ported data, in the case of startups. The resulting innovations could include services that were previously impossible or difficult to deliver. A \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.ctrl-shift.co.uk/reports/DCMS_Ctrl-Shift_Data_mobility_report_full.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.ctrl-shift.co.uk/reports/DCMS_Ctrl-Shift_Data_mobility_report_full.pdf\">UK study\u003C/a> proposed a potential household budgeting use case that would combine supermarket loyalty cards and purchase data to provide insight into spending and recommendations on money management. Similarly, open banking innovations, which allow for portability of consumer data, have permitted\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.finextra.com/blogposting/19282/the-value-that-open-banking-brings-to-each-market-player\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.finextra.com/blogposting/19282/the-value-that-open-banking-brings-to-each-market-player\"> third-party providers\u003C/a> to deliver novel products and interfaces and combine financial products with other sectors.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"6268\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Reduced barriers to market entry for potential data holders.\u003C/strong> When the costs of switching between providers are high,\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"http://pedro-ferreira.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Mobile-Number-Portability.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"http://pedro-ferreira.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Mobile-Number-Portability.pdf\"> market leaders enjoy a substantial advantage\u003C/a>, since they typically hold the bulk of customer data. However, if consumers are able to port their data, barriers to entry to the market are reduced, creating fresh opportunities for new entrants. Ultimately, lower barriers to entry, greater competition, and more players lead to more data available to be used, with potential benefits for all.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"18da\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Improved market intelligence and product validation.\u003C/strong> As previously noted, increased liquidity through portability has the potential not only to open up previously inaccessible data, but also to create new data sources through reduced barriers to entry. Both trends can improve companies’\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.ctrl-shift.co.uk/reports/DCMS_Ctrl-Shift_Data_mobility_report_full.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.ctrl-shift.co.uk/reports/DCMS_Ctrl-Shift_Data_mobility_report_full.pdf\"> awareness of consumer needs\u003C/a>, reducing the risk involved in product development and improving targeting and design of products, services, and marketing. Increased competition can also benefit all companies by validating products, forcing companies to identify and demonstrate their competitive advantage and improve the quality of their products, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.law.nyu.edu/centers/engelberg/pubs/2019-11-06-Data-Portability-And-Platform-Competition\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.law.nyu.edu/centers/engelberg/pubs/2019-11-06-Data-Portability-And-Platform-Competition\">ensuring a more informed market.\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ol>\n\u003Cp id=\"f120\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">IV.\u003C/strong> \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Barriers and Challenges\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0cc2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The potential benefits of data liquidity are wide-ranging. Nonetheless, significant barriers to realizing data liquidity at scale through portability remain, even in jurisdictions where an enabling legal and regulatory framework exists. In this section, we discuss some of the barriers and challenges to data portability.\u003C/p>\n\u003Col class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"7bc3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Demand:\u003C/strong> Both data subjects and data holders need to be convinced of the value of portability to create demand for the right (in those jurisdictions where portability does not yet exist) and for the data itself. Building demand calls for robust use cases that go beyond the often instanced example of mobile number portability to demonstrate the potential value of greater data liquidity. It also requires the development of the skills, platforms and capabilities to exercise the right to portability and make use of any data that is released.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"1df1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Governance:\u003C/strong> Critical regulatory, legislative, and policy issues need to be addressed and clarified before greater data liquidity can be achieved. The concept of data portability itself — and the\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3689171&download=yes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3689171&download=yes\"> distinction between data portability and related concepts\u003C/a> such as data transfer and data interoperability — remains poorly defined, leading to conflicts of definition and application\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/GDPR_CCPA_Comparison-Guide.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/GDPR_CCPA_Comparison-Guide.pdf\"> between jurisdictions\u003C/a>. In addition, there is potential for\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://pure.uvt.nl/ws/portalfiles/portal/28658944/Graef_Husovec_and_Purtova_Data_portability_and_data_control_Lessons_for_an_emerging_concept_in_EU_law.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://pure.uvt.nl/ws/portalfiles/portal/28658944/Graef_Husovec_and_Purtova_Data_portability_and_data_control_Lessons_for_an_emerging_concept_in_EU_law.pdf\"> conflicts within jurisdictions\u003C/a> between data portability rights and privacy and intellectual property laws, particularly around communal or jointly created data. Data portability is also often \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.jipitec.eu/issues/jipitec-9-3-2018/4807/JIPITEC_9_3_2018_310_Kerber\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.jipitec.eu/issues/jipitec-9-3-2018/4807/JIPITEC_9_3_2018_310_Kerber\">too narrowly defined \u003C/a>limiting the potential to provide data liquidity. Finally, regulators will need to decide on appropriate\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://about.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/data-portability-privacy-white-paper.pdfbility/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://about.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/data-portability-privacy-white-paper.pdfbility/\"> liability models\u003C/a> for misuse or accidental or intentional exposure of personal data to ensure compliance and consumer trust, and develop\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3689171&download=yes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3689171&download=yes\"> portability impact assessments\u003C/a>, modelled after similar privacy impact assessments, to structure discussion about risks and benefits.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"18a7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Standards:\u003C/strong> Realizing true data liquidity will also require the development of\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.oecd.org/publications/enhancing-access-to-and-sharing-of-data-276aaca8-en.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.oecd.org/publications/enhancing-access-to-and-sharing-of-data-276aaca8-en.htm\"> standards for portability, interoperability and transfer\u003C/a>, which would reduce the costs and risks to data holders and ensure that data could be successfully transferred and reused in different contexts. While mandating standards may be necessary to ensure consistency, there is a risk that government-enforced data standards could\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/378a/0e93263b13eac8dbb27fdb45853706c29d15.pdf?_ga=2.32605310.1941212784.1594921264-1129326608.1594230043&_gac=1.175845014.1594755796.EAIaIQobChMIkafBpMDN6gIViq_ICh0tvAMQEAAYASAAEgIvPfD_BwE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/378a/0e93263b13eac8dbb27fdb45853706c29d15.pdf?_ga=2.32605310.1941212784.1594921264-1129326608.1594230043&_gac=1.175845014.1594755796.EAIaIQobChMIkafBpMDN6gIViq_ICh0tvAMQEAAYASAAEgIvPfD_BwE\"> stifle innovation\u003C/a> by encouraging the continued use of legacy technologies and data formats.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"8f80\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Roles:\u003C/strong> Full implementation of data liquidity will require that the roles, rights and responsibilities of all parties are clearly defined. At present, legislative conflict still exists over fundamental issues, such as whether the right of data portability should be extended\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://about.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/data-portability-privacy-white-paper.pdfbility/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://about.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/data-portability-privacy-white-paper.pdfbility/\"> beyond individuals to organizations\u003C/a>. We anticipate that\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://mydata.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2020/04/Understanding-Mydata-Operators-pages.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://mydata.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2020/04/Understanding-Mydata-Operators-pages.pdf\"> new roles — \u003C/a>such as new data intermediaries, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://apolitical.co/en/solution_article/meet-the-data-stewards\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://apolitical.co/en/solution_article/meet-the-data-stewards\">data stewards\u003C/a>, personal data managers, and data market organizers — will emerge in the data portability and transfer process, and the rights and responsibilities of these various actors \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/wanted-data-stewards.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/wanted-data-stewards.pdf\">will need to be defined.\u003C/a> Finally, regulators will need to resolve issues like the length of time data holders are obligated to hold data, and whether data processed by data holders should be included in the right to portability. These limits will need to be weighed carefully against the rights of data subjects, but also against the public good, particularly when dealing with data of high commercial value or research interest.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"fd03\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Tools:\u003C/strong> Achieving data liquidity will require the development of technologies and services for \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.law.nyu.edu/centers/engelberg/pubs/2020-09-01-the-new-portability\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.law.nyu.edu/centers/engelberg/pubs/2020-09-01-the-new-portability\">safe, secure, and easy management and transfer of data\u003C/a>. Data portability creates the potential to\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/378a/0e93263b13eac8dbb27fdb45853706c29d15.pdf?_ga=2.32605310.1941212784.1594921264-1129326608.1594230043&_gac=1.175845014.1594755796.EAIaIQobChMIkafBpMDN6gIViq_ICh0tvAMQEAAYASAAEgIvPfD_BwE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/378a/0e93263b13eac8dbb27fdb45853706c29d15.pdf?_ga=2.32605310.1941212784.1594921264-1129326608.1594230043&_gac=1.175845014.1594755796.EAIaIQobChMIkafBpMDN6gIViq_ICh0tvAMQEAAYASAAEgIvPfD_BwE\"> multiply the impact of identity theft and fraud\u003C/a>, so the security of the transfer process must be a priority if use is to be incentivized. Current tools are also too complex to enable them to be used by average data subjects. Without a guarantee of security and a frictionless end-to-end experience, neither data subjects nor data holders are likely to want to expose themselves to the risks and frustrations involved in the process of transfer.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"59e6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Data quality and quantity:\u003C/strong> Data portability poses potential problems for the quality and quantity, and consequently the value, of data. Since most models of portability involve transfer at the scale of the individual data subject, the quantities of data being transferred may fall short of the critical mass required to be valuable or useful for aggregated analysis unless the transfer process is appropriately incentivized and made frictionless, or unless processes for \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3550870\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3550870\">collective portability\u003C/a> are created that can \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://era.ed.ac.uk/handle/1842/36688\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://era.ed.ac.uk/handle/1842/36688\">overcome existing asymmetries\u003C/a>. Without standards for data collection, too, decentralized data provision also has the potential to compromise data quality.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ol>\n\u003Cp id=\"b0da\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">Although the benefits to individuals, organizations holding data, and the public good are real, there is work still to be done in making the public case for data liquidity and in building the structures, tools, processes, and legal framework required to go beyond data portability. As we have suggested above, building awareness among citizens and policymakers is a critical step. To achieve that awareness, we need more robust collections of use cases and insights derived from those cases. In addition, we need a more robust research agenda that recognizes the potential for conflict between the interests and benefits of stakeholders within the portability process, and seeks to identify ways to resolve these conflicts.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"24cb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We have begun this process at the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\">Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/a> (an initiative of \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\">The GovLab\u003C/a>), and we continue to engage with the emerging field of knowledge globally. In particular, we have been building on our own and others’ work on open data and data collaboratives, all of which offer some important insights into what works and what doesn’t. We invite you to join us in this endeavor by sending us examples of successful (or not so successful) liquidity initiatives, as well as insights and lessons learned.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a2b5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The authors would like to thank David Osimo for his excellent substantive input and Andrew J. Zahuranec at The GovLab for the editorial review.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"61a7\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*yN7b-_Eaf989ht9_.png\" data-image-id=\"0*yN7b-_Eaf989ht9_.png\" data-width=\"180\" data-height=\"394\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"56f4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">About the authors:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"71f2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Juliet McMurren is a Senior Fellow at The GovLab.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"19d6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Stefaan G. Verhulst is Co-Founder and Chief Research and Development Officer of The GovLab.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/data-to-go-the-value-of-data-portability-as-a-means-to-data-liquidity",{"title":1892,"description":1895},"data-to-go-the-value-of-data-portability-as-a-means-to-data-liquidity","blogposts/data-to-go-the-value-of-data-portability-as-a-means-to-data-liquidity","pZDVUoX_g68I05SstWrx-gikSI5jlYw9xg_3ouaR26Y",{"id":1905,"title":1906,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1907,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1908,"description":1909,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1906,"image":1910,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1911,"meta":1912,"navigation":15,"path":1913,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1914,"slug":1915,"startTime":34,"stem":1916,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1917},"blogposts/blogposts/selected-readings-on-indigenous-data-sovereignty.json","Selected Readings on Indigenous Data Sovereignty",[],"2020-10-12T12:31:18","As part of an ongoing effort to build a knowledge base for the field of improving governance through data and technology, The GovLab publishes a series of Selected Readings, which provide an annotated and curated collection of recommended works on themes such as open data, data collaboration, and civic technology.","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*4NFiCIHnQGNKHfr2FBDaDg.jpeg","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"2866\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Selected Readings on Indigenous Data Sovereignty\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"73fc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">By Juliet McMurren\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"fe97\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">As part of an ongoing effort to build a knowledge base for the field of improving governance through data and technology, The GovLab publishes a series of \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://thegovlab.org/the-govlab-selected-readings/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/the-govlab-selected-readings/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Selected Readings\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, which provide an annotated and curated collection of recommended works on themes such as open data, data collaboration, and civic technology.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"308b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In this edition, to recognize and honor \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_Peoples%27_Day\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_Peoples%27_Day\">Indigenous Peoples’ Day,\u003C/a> we have curated below a selection of literature on Indigenous data sovereignty (IDS), the principle that Indigenous peoples should be able to control the data collected by and about them, to determine how and by whom it is accessed, stored, and used, and to develop data practices and methodologies that reflect their lived experiences, cultures, and worldviews. The selection complements previously released readings on \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-personal-data-security-and-use/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-personal-data-security-and-use/\">Personal Data\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-data-governance/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-data-governance/\">Data Governance\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/algorithmic-scrutiny/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/algorithmic-scrutiny/\">Algorithmic Scrutiny\u003C/a> — among other \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/selected-readings/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/selected-readings/\">Data related topics\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c9db\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">To suggest additional readings on this or any other topic, please email info@thelivinglib.org. All our Selected Readings can be found \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/selected-readings/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/selected-readings/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"446b\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*4NFiCIHnQGNKHfr2FBDaDg.jpeg\" data-image-id=\"1*4NFiCIHnQGNKHfr2FBDaDg.jpeg\" data-width=\"720\" data-height=\"480\" data-is-featured=\"true\">\n\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Source: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:World_Indigenous_Day_Celebration.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:World_Indigenous_Day_Celebration.jpg\">Wikimedia\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"fda4\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure\">Selected readings\u003C/h3>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"6e0a\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--h3\">Principles\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"5bf9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Kukutai, Tahu and John Taylor (eds) \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://fnigc.ca/sites/default/files/docs/indigenous_data_sovereignty_toward_an_agenda_11_2016.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://fnigc.ca/sites/default/files/docs/indigenous_data_sovereignty_toward_an_agenda_11_2016.pdf\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Indigenous Data Sovereignty: Towards an Agenda\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> (2016)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"1ac7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">The foundational work in the field, this edited volume brings together Māori, Australian Aboriginal, Native American, and First Nations academics, researchers and data practitioners to set out the case for Indigenous data sovereignty.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"2430\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Organized in four parts, the book begins by providing a historical account of colonialist statistics and the origins of the concept of Indigenous data sovereignty. In the second part, the authors set out an Indigenous critique of official statistics as a colonialist practice primarily intended to serve settler governments through the control of Indigenous peoples. As a result, population statistics from these societies are imbued with colonialist norms that both ignore indicators significant to Indigenous peoples and reduce them to what contributor Maggie Walter calls 5D data: disparity, deprivation, disadvantage, dysfunction, and difference.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"1790\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The authors outline how Indigenous data sovereignty would work, setting out an agenda in which Indigenous people would control who should be counted among them, and establish collection priorities reflective of their cultural norms, interests, values and priorities. This could include a move away from data about individuals as single indicators used to compare, rank and drive “improvement” to a more nuanced and complex view of data that focuses on social groupings beyond the household. They would also control who would have access to the data gathered, with culturally appropriate rules and protocols for consents to access and use data. These principles are encapsulated in the First Nations OCAP® data model, through which they assert their ownership, control over collection, use and disclosure; access to, and possession of all First Nations’ data.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"0d87\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The third part of the book provides examples of Indigenous data sovereignty in practice, from the perspective of both data practitioners and data users. A case study of data sovereignty among the Yawuru of Western Australia outlines a methodology for developing data collection rooted in self-determination and community values of \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">mabu buru\u003C/em> (knowledge of the land) and \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">mabu liyan\u003C/em> (relational or community wellbeing). Another examines the work of a Māori primary health care organization, National Hauora Coalition, which conducted a rapid response campaign to reduce high rates of acute rheumatic fever among Māori children in Auckland. Stewardship and analysis of their own community data enabled targeted interventions that reduced positive Group A strep rates among children by 75 percent and rates of rheumatic fever by 33 percent.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"f8c4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The final section of the book outlines the emerging efforts of the New Zealand and Australian Government to engage with Indigenous peoples’ desire for data sovereignty through their statistical practices.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"012d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Lovett, Raymond et al \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://networkcultures.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Good_Data.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://networkcultures.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Good_Data.pdf\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Good Data Practices for Indigenous Data Sovereignty and Governance\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> (2019)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"4e9f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">This multi-authored chapter is the first in a volume the editors describe as born of frustration with dystopian “bad data” practices and devoted to the exploration of how data could be used “productively and justly to further social, economic, cultural and political goals.”\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"30cd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The chapter sets out the context for the emergence of IDS movements worldwide, and gives a survey of IDS networks and their foundational principles, such as OCAP® (above) and the Māori principles of \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">rangatiratanga\u003C/em> (right to own, access, control and possess), \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">manaakitanga\u003C/em> (ethical use to further wellbeing) and \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">kaitiakitanga\u003C/em> (sustainable stewardship) as they apply to data about or from themselves and their environs.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"ddd0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The article defines and differentiates IDS — the management of information in alignment with the laws, practices and customs of the nation-state in which it is located — and indigenous data governance (IDG), or power and authority over the design, ownership, access to and use of data. It situates IDS movements alongside broader movements for Indigenous sovereignty informed by the rights laid out in the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"aeeb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Rainie, Stephanie Carroll, Tahu Kukutai, Maggie Walter, Oscar Figueroa-Rodriguez, Jennifer Walker, and Per Axelsson (2019) \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.stateofopendata.od4d.net/chapters/issues/indigenous-data.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.stateofopendata.od4d.net/chapters/issues/indigenous-data.html\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Issues in Open Data — Indigenous Data Sovereignty.\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> In T. Davies, S. Walker, M. Rubinstein, & F. Perini (Eds.), \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.idrc.ca/en/book/state-open-data-histories-and-horizons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.idrc.ca/en/book/state-open-data-histories-and-horizons\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The State of Open Data: Histories and Horizons.\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"c318\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Part of a wider report about the state of open data, this chapter discusses the tension between the principles of open data and IDS. Describing open data for Indigenous Peoples as a double-edged sword, the authors note the potential of open data to help deliver on Indigenous aspirations for sustainable development. At the same time, open data perpetuates data challenges born of colonization, including assumptions about a single nation-state and that open data is both useful and benign.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"22e9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The authors observe that there is a widespread lack of understanding about IDS within the open data movement, and that open data policy and discussions have been largely framed to address the needs and interests of nation-states, with minimal engagement with Indigenous peoples. The authors provide a critique of the ways in which the Open Data Charter overlooks the issue of IDS in its principles on open by default, citizen engagement, and inclusive development. They note that the Open Data Charter’s commitment to free use, reuse, and redistribution by anyone, at any time, and anywhere, for example, is in direct conflict with the rights of Indigenous Peoples to govern their own data and control how and by whom it is accessed.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"d2e2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Opening state data that is unreliable, inaccurate, and designed, collected and processed according to the norms of state agencies poses additional problems for Indigenous peoples. Statistics about Indigenous peoples based on colonialist norms frequently perpetuate a narrative of inequality. Data infrastructures may be distorted by cultural assumptions, such as those about naming conventions, that misrepresent Indigenous people. In addition, the concept of open data has led to instances of cooptation and theft of Indigenous knowledge, when researchers have collected Indigenous knowledge about the environment, digitized it and shared it with Indigenous consent or oversight.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"6ea5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Drawing on the experience of Indigenous data networks worldwide, the authors propose three steps forward for the open data community in its relationship to Indigenous peoples. First, it needs to engage with Indigenous peoples as partners and knowledge holders to inform stewardship of Indigenous data. Secondly, IDS networks, with contacts in Indigenous communities and the world of data, should act as intermediaries for this engagement. Finally, they call for a broader adoption of principles on the governance and stewardship of Indigenous data within research and administration.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"dfac\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Research Data Alliance \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5d3799de845604000199cd24/t/5d79c383e904c741c9e9cd86/1568260995760/CARE+Principles+for+Indigenous+Data+Governance_FINAL_Sept+06+2019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5d3799de845604000199cd24/t/5d79c383e904c741c9e9cd86/1568260995760/CARE+Principles+for+Indigenous+Data+Governance_FINAL_Sept+06+2019.pdf\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> (2019)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"e144\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">The RDA’s CARE principles propose an additional set of criteria that should be applied to open data in order to ensure that it respects Indigenous rights to self-determination. It argues the existing FAIR principles — that open data should be findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable — focus on data characteristics that facilitate increased sharing while ignoring historical context and power differentials.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"fdce\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">To supplement FAIR, they propose the addition of CARE: that open data should be for \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">c\u003C/strong>ollective benefit, recognize Indigenous peoples’ \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">a\u003C/strong>uthority to control their own data, carry a \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">r\u003C/strong>esponsibility to demonstrate how they benefit self-determination, and have embedded \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">e\u003C/strong>thics prioritizing the rights and wellbeing of Indigenous people.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"74fd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The principle of collective benefit asserts that data ecosystems should be designed in ways that Indigenous peoples can derive benefit from them. This includes active government support for Indigenous data use and reuse, using data to reduce information asymmetries between government and Indigenous communities, and the use of any value created from Indigenous data to benefit Indigenous communities. Authority to control recognizes the rights and interests of Indigenous peoples in their knowledge and data, and to govern and control how it is collected, accessed, used and stored.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"384b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Those working with Indigenous data have a responsibility to demonstrate how they are using it to benefit Indigenous communities. This involves fostering relationships of partnership and trust, working to build capability and capacity within Indigenous communities, and grounding data in the experiences, languages and worldviews of those communities. Finally, the rights and wellbeing of Indigenous peoples must be the primary concern. This requires data design and collection practices that do not stigmatize Indigenous people and that align with Indigenous ethical practices, that address imbalances in power and resources, and that are mindful of the potential for future use and potential harms.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"72ea\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--li\">Applications and case studies\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"e6e7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Carroll, Stephanie Russo, Desi Rodriguez-Lonebear and Andrew Martinez, \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5d3799de845604000199cd24/t/5d77c025ad1ebf5ae039cb27/1568129064063/Indigenous+data+governance+-+strategies+from+US+native+nations.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5d3799de845604000199cd24/t/5d77c025ad1ebf5ae039cb27/1568129064063/Indigenous+data+governance+-+strategies+from+US+native+nations.pdf\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Indigenous Data Governance: Strategies from United States Native Nations\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> (2019)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"e272\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">This article reviews IDS strategies from Native nations in the United States, connecting IDS and IDG to the rebuilding of Native nations and providing case studies of IDG occurring within tribal and non-tribal entities.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"1839\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The article leads with a definition of key terms, including data dependency, “a paradox of scarcity and abundance: extensive data are collected about Indigenous peoples and nations, but rarely by or for Indigenous peoples’ and nations’ purposes.” It proposes IDG as a method by which the aspiration of IDS can be achieved, through a self-reinforcing cycle: governance of data leads to data rebuilding, providing data for governance that in turn leads to nation rebuilding.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"d12c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The article offers three tribal, two non-tribal, and three urban, inter- and supra-tribal case studies of IDG in practice. The National Congress of American Indians Tribal Data Capacity Project, for example, was a pilot project to build tribal data capacity with five US tribes. Its outputs included a successful census conducted by the Pueblo of Laguna and the University of New Mexico, on tribal terms with tribal money for tribal purposes, and resulting in the development of proprietary software that remains the property of the tribe and that can be reused for subsequent collections.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"705b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The article concludes with a set of recommendations for tribal rights holders and stakeholders. It recommends that tribal rights holders develop tribe-specific data governance principles, policies, and procedures, and generate resources for IDG. Stakeholders are called on to acknowledge, support and promote IDS and embed it in data collection practices by building frameworks specifying how IDS is to be enacted in data processes, investing in intertribal institutions and recruiting and training Indigenous data professionals, among other measures.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"49a1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">Chaney, Christopher \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5d3799de845604000199cd24/t/5d73f6d44b1c8730fdea0275/1567880916590/Data+Sovereignty+and+Tribal+Law.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5d3799de845604000199cd24/t/5d73f6d44b1c8730fdea0275/1567880916590/Data+Sovereignty+and+Tribal+Law.pdf\">Data Sovereignty and the Tribal Law and Order Act\u003C/a> (2018)\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"bb33\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">This article surveys the relationship between data sovereignty and the provision of criminal justice services, a key aspect of tribal sovereignty. The Tribal Law and Order Act (TLOA) 2010 addressed tribal data by mandating federal justice and law enforcement agencies to coordinate and consult with tribes over data collection, and providing tribal criminal justice agencies meeting federal and state requirements with access to national crime databases to enter and retrieve data.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"29fd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">TLOA has resulted in broad and extensive opportunities for federally recognized tribes to submit and retrieve data. Subject to federal law, tribes have the right to determine what information they will submit and access, putting the tribe in control of its own data. It also greatly facilitates the administration of tribal law enforcement and justice by enabling access to federal databases on property, such as vehicles and firearms, and people, including those on fugitives, sex offenders, and missing persons. The author suggests that TLOA implementation could serve as a model for other federal agencies working towards tribal data sovereignty arrangements.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"45de\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">[Dewar, J.] \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://content.iospress.com/articles/statistical-journal-of-the-iaos/sji180478\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://content.iospress.com/articles/statistical-journal-of-the-iaos/sji180478\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">First Nations’ Data Sovereignty in Canada\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> (2019).\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"7e8e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">This paper provides an overview of First Nations experiences of Canadian efforts to identify First Nations individuals, communities, and Nations in official statistics and data, and of the development of First Nations Data Sovereignty efforts over the previous two decades.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"16e6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The paper surveys the ways in which early legislation constructed “Indians” and indian status within Canada counter to First Nations norms, harming traditional gender roles, leadership structures and governance, severing many First Nations women who “married out” from the culture and lands, and forcing First Nations people to choose between “enfranchisement” through education or employment and their Indian status and culture.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"505b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The paper then surveys the current First Nations statistical context, noting its numerous deficiencies. Sources of information and data, including the national census, were created with little or no Indigenous involvement or input, creating inconsistencies in the accuracy, reliability, usefulness, and comparability of the data. Even where the data is useful, it is not routinely used in planning and advocacy for the benefit of First Nations communities. First Nations are also required to meet onerous reporting requirements in order to access federal funding, but the resulting data — and other data from and about First Nations — are not effectively analyzed, used, or shared with First Nations.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"6439\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The paper provides examples of effective instances of national and regional First Nations data sovereignty using OCAP® principles. These include the First Nations Information Governance Centre’s own survey work on health, childhood, education, labor and employment, but also similar provincial initiatives. The FNIGC is currently at work with regional partners to develop a National Data Governance Strategy to advance First Nations Data Sovereignty.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"c968\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Garrison, Nanibaa’ et al \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-genom-083118-015434\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-genom-083118-015434\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Genomic Research Through An Indigenous Lens: Understanding the Expectations\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> (2019)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"16a8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">This multi-authored study compares research guidelines for genomic research among Indigenous peoples in Canada, New Zealand, Australia, and the United States.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"4f03\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">It notes that while there is a dearth of genomic research about Indigenous peoples, Indigenous communities have been the subject of western science in ways that have been intrusive, disrespectful and unethical, leading to community harms and mistrust. Lack of community engagement and informed consent for secondary use of data, and past experiences of harmful and negative representation in publications, have reduced the willingness of Indigenous peoples to engage with genetic research.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"04c4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Canada, New Zealand, Australia, and the United States each have guidelines on scientific research among Indigenous peoples. The authors compare the provisions of these guidelines and the Indigenous Research Protection Act, a draft instrument developed by the Indigenous Peoples Council on Biocolonialism with the goal of protecting Indigenous peoples in research, across four principles: community engagement, rights and interests, institutional responsibilities, and ethical/legal oversight. They observe that while many of the policies provide for protection of Indigenous peoples relating to sample collection, secondary uses of data, benefits, and withdrawal from research, there is less consistency regarding cultural rights and interests, particularly in US instruments.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"85bd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The authors examine ways Indigenous peoples have sought to “bridge the gap” between the benefits of genomic research and the protection of Indigenous peoples. Community protocol development, Indigenous-led genomics initiatives, and consent procedures that draw on UNDRIP have increased community engagement in some countries and fostered greater trust. Concrete progress has also been made in initiatives to preserve Indigenous rights and interests over biospecimens, including protocols that allow for the return of samples, biobanking, and Indigenous governance of resulting data.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"52d2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Gifford, Heather and Kirikowhai Mikaere \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5d3799de845604000199cd24/t/5d77c06a5e8b3f19daae85a5/1568129130837/Rangitikei+Tribal+Data+Sovereignty.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5d3799de845604000199cd24/t/5d77c06a5e8b3f19daae85a5/1568129130837/Rangitikei+Tribal+Data+Sovereignty.pdf\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Te Kete Tū Ātea: Towards claiming Rangitīkei iwi data sovereignty\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> (2019)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"9453\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">This article gives an outline of the Te Kete Tū Ātea research project, an four-year, two phase participatory research initiative by the Rangitīkei Iwi Collective to establish iwi data sovereignty. The first phase resulted in the development of an iwi data needs analysis and comprehensive iwi information framework, which identified potential data sources, gaps in current information, and strategies to address those gaps. The second phase led to the prioritization of a key information gathering domain, economic data, and a statistical evaluation of current iwi data holdings. The project adopted a Kaupapa Māori approach: it was “Māori led, Māori controlled, privileged a Māori worldview, and was framed around questions identified by Māori as of relevance to Māori.”\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"afd3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The first phase of the study identified a five domain framework to guide iwi data gathering. Collectively, these five domains — cultural, social, peoples, environmental and economic — make up Te Kete Tū Ātea, informed by three goal dimensions: kaitiakitanga, strengthening identity and connection, and empowerment and enablement.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"5b3d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The study identified challenges in assessing the wellbeing of iwi, including statistical capacity within iwi and the availability of data, but the authors suggest that the approach itself could be borrowed and applied by other iwi nationwide.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"583f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Johnson-Jennings, Michelle, Derek Jennings, and Meg Little \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334746592_Indigenous_data_sovereignty_in_action_The_Food_Wisdom_Repository\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334746592_Indigenous_data_sovereignty_in_action_The_Food_Wisdom_Repository\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Indigenous data sovereignty in action: The Food Wisdom Repository\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> (2019)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"34fc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">This article arose from the experience of the authors at the Research for Indigenous Community Health (RICH) Center. Observing that while Indigenous health and nutrition information is available, it is dispersed and difficult to access, they proposed the development of a Food Wisdom Repository to gather meaningful data and information on Indigenous health practices and efforts. The result, supported by the Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux Community, is an online digital repository of wise food practices grounded in Indigenous knowledge and IDS.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"97f8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The project draws on Indigenous worldviews, knowledge and ways of knowing, beliefs, and forms of power. In particular, it is framed around the idea of wise practices — pragmatic, flexible and sustainable practices rooted in a given local context and the wisdom of community members — rather than the objective, hierarchical, hegemonic and acontextual “best practices” of Western science.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"8ea5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Montenegro, Maria \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5d3799de845604000199cd24/t/5d73f5d3116f8f338459e893/1567880661440/Subverting+Universality+of+Metadata+Standards.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5d3799de845604000199cd24/t/5d73f5d3116f8f338459e893/1567880661440/Subverting+Universality+of+Metadata+Standards.pdf\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Subverting the universality of metadata standards: The TK labels as a tool to promote Indigenous data sovereignty\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> (2019)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"cb53\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">This paper explores how metadata standards, and in particular the widely used Dublin Core, reinforce colonial legal property frameworks and disenfranchise Indigenous people, and how they could be used (or subverted) to exercise and promote IDS.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"83a9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The author notes that the rights and creator fields of DC are in direct conflict with Indigenous epistemologies and protocols on the access, circulation, and use of traditional Indigenous knowledge (TK). The rights field is embedded in western legal practice designed to recognize and protect new creations or inventions, and require a designated individual author and original work in order to offer any protection. This emphasis on originality and individuality is at odds with Indigenous knowledge that emphasizes collective and cumulative knowledge acquired over generations. Similarly, both western IP law and the creator field within DC recognize the individual who records the lifestyles, languages and cultural practices of Indigenous people in film, audio, or image as the legal author, rather than the communities from which the content arose. As subjects but not authors, Indigenous people have no control over these recordings of their cultural practices, or how they are stored, accessed or reused. Indeed, they are even legally required to seek permission from the author to reuse these materials that document their lives and culture.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"ba43\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Developed in collaboration with Indigenous peoples, the TK labels are a set of digital tags that can be included as associated metadata in various digital information contexts such as CMSs, online catalogs and databases, finding aids and online platforms. These tags are intended to increase awareness of culturally appropriate circulation, access and use of Indigenous cultural materials. Designed to be used where communities are unable to assert legal control over materials, they provide important information about culturally appropriate use and stewardship. A Seasonal tag developed by the Penobscot Nation, for example, proscribes access to some content outside a given time of year, while an Attribution label, the most widely used, allows Indigenous communities to assert that they are the TK holders of the content and should be acknowledged as such.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"9aa2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">While the TK labels represent a welcome advance in capturing and asserting Indigenous metadata standards, they are voluntary, and therefore only function if non-tribal collecting institutions recognize the IDS of the tribes.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"ffc0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">McMahon, Rob, Tim LaHache, and Tim Whiteduck \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5d3799de845604000199cd24/t/5d73f7f3dceaae0b76e0eaed/1567881204696/2015-McMahon-LaHache-and-Whiteduck-Digital-Data-Management-as-Indigenous-Resurgence-in-Kahnawake.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5d3799de845604000199cd24/t/5d73f7f3dceaae0b76e0eaed/1567881204696/2015-McMahon-LaHache-and-Whiteduck-Digital-Data-Management-as-Indigenous-Resurgence-in-Kahnawake.pdf\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Digital Data Management as Indigenous Resurgence in Kahnawà:ke\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> (2015)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"d91f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">This article documents IDG experiences within the Kahnawà:ke Mohawk (Quebec) community as it set up and used ICT systems to manage community data on research, education, finance, health, membership, housing, lands, and resources. Their research followed the implementation of a customized digital data management system, and sought to find out employees of community service organizations, chiefly in education, conceived of and used data, and the role of data management as part of self-government and Indigenous resurgence.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"f222\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The authors describe the initiative as an act of “everyday community resurgence,” but one that was accompanied by significant internal tensions and challenges. They note the need to avoid technological determinism in IDS, since the use of ICTs has the potential to exacerbate the effects of settler colonialism, concentrating and centralizing power.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"d780\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The article describes the rollout, architecture, and governance of the Kahnawà:ke data management system. One of the challenges faced by the community was in data sharing, with a lack of trust between community organizations leading to data hugging and silos. This tension, which has been identified in other research cited by the authors, points to the need for trust-building in order to promote more holistic data sharing and optimal data use.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"d0bc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Rainie, Stephanie Carroll et al \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/iipj/vol8/iss2/1/?referer=https%253A%252F%252Fwww.google.com%252F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/iipj/vol8/iss2/1/?referer=https%253A%252F%252Fwww.google.com%252F\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data as a Strategic Resource: Self-determination, Governance, and the Data Challenge for Indigenous Nations in the United States\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> (2017)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"e0c8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Despite the need of Indigenous nations for data to help identify problems and find solutions, US Indigenous nations encounter a data landscape characterized by “sparse, inconsistent, and irrelevant information complicated by limited access and utility” that does not serve to address tribally defined needs. Because much of this data is collected and controlled by others for their own purposes, mistrust in data collection is high.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"bf4a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">This article documents two cases studies in tribal data sovereignty and data governance, among the Ysleta del Sur Pueblo and Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe. It lays out the data priorities, agendas and challenges faced by each, and the resulting data initiatives, protocols and uses. The article also discusses how this data governance contributed to the tribes’ self determination.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"ab20\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">As part of a development strategy, in 2008 the Ysleta del Sur began to collect socioeconomic and demographic data annually from its citizens as part of its enrolment process. Implementing a census approach that incorporated cultural and local knowledge and western epistemologies, the project yielded data about population, poverty rates, household incomes, educational attainment, workforce and unemployment that was more complete than US census data. Strong community engagement yielded a 90 percent response rate, and the results inspired other data initiatives to support community strategic decision making. The socioeconomic data was also used to support successful applications for federal funding.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"6297\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Identifying high levels of poverty and unemployment as a problem, the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe sought a comprehensive plan to address these problems, for which they needed timelier, more granular, and more culturally and locally relevant data than that available through the federal government. With academic partners, it developed a survey and data collection process to collect baseline demographic and socioeconomic data from a sample of residents. The survey was able to quantify unemployment rates among people living on the reservation, but also captured employment categories missed by federal data collection, such as the arts microenterprise sector. The results were shared back to the community, and used to foster microenterprises and write grant applications.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"7454\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Walter, Maggie and Michelle Suina \u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5d3799de845604000199cd24/t/5d77c00506d27742f751e10e/1568129031431/Indigenous+data+indigenous+methodologies+and+indigenous+data+sovereignty.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5d3799de845604000199cd24/t/5d77c00506d27742f751e10e/1568129031431/Indigenous+data+indigenous+methodologies+and+indigenous+data+sovereignty.pdf\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Indigenous data, indigenous methodologies and indigenous data sovereignty\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> (2019)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"3a07\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">In this article, Walter and Suina propose that there is a dearth of Indigenous quantitative methodologies, driven by a longstanding mistrust of positivist research that positions Indigenous peoples within a deficit discourse. What the authors call “quantitative avoidance” leads to lived consequences for Indigenous peoples: since the statistics produced by quantitative methods form the primary evidence base for policy within the colonial societies, failing to engage with them removes Indigenous people from a critical part of the policy debate.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"831f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The authors make a case for developing Indigenous quantitative methodologies. They evidence the Albuquerque Area Southwest Tribal Epidemiology Center, whose mission is to collaborate with the 27 tribes of their health area to provide high quality, culturally congruent epidemiology, capacity development, program evaluation, and health promotion. Committed to honoring tribal sovereignty, AASTEC is committed to building capacity that enables tribes to control data design, collection, and management at all stages of the process. This requires not merely adapting western survey instruments, but redesigning them to incorporate the values and definitions of health of the communities they serve.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"2a50\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li graf--trailing\">The authors close with three recommendations for communities and stakeholders interested in building Indigenous quantitative methodologies. First, communities need to cultivate technical skills for survey development, data collection, analysis and reporting. Secondly, they need to build comfort and understand about research methods among tribal partners in order to undo decades of mistrust; the authors describe simulation exercises that help to demonstrate how worldviews shape expectations and perceptions around data that they have used successfully with Indigenous and non-Indigenous participants. Finally, they should pursue advocacy of IDS and an exchange of ideas that allows successful Indigenous research methodologies to be promulgated.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/selected-readings-on-indigenous-data-sovereignty",{"title":1906,"description":1909},"selected-readings-on-indigenous-data-sovereignty","blogposts/selected-readings-on-indigenous-data-sovereignty","IM8ulAzvFPa99mQ5qsajzWqsDuOIohW0qPHe_itKs8Q",{"id":1919,"title":1920,"author":1921,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1922,"body":34,"category":99,"date":1923,"description":1924,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1920,"image":1925,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1926,"meta":1927,"navigation":15,"path":1928,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1929,"slug":1930,"startTime":34,"stem":1931,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1932},"blogposts/blogposts/data-collaborative-case-study-leveraging-telecom-data-to-aid-humanitarian-efforts.json","Data Collaborative Case Study: Leveraging Telecom Data to Aid Humanitarian Efforts","Michelle Winowatan",[],"2020-10-08T00:00:00","Following the 2015 earthquake in Nepal, Flowminder, a data analytics nonprofit, and NCell, a mobile operator in Nepal, formed a data collaborative. Using call detail records (CDR, a type of mobile operator data)...","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*UeFGeBVZOIG1no7AIgiKlQ.jpeg","\u003Ch1 id=\"data-collaborative-case-study-leveraging-telecom-data-to-aid-humanitarian-efforts\">Data Collaborative Case Study: Leveraging Telecom Data to Aid Humanitarian Efforts\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp>** \u003Cem>By Michelle Winowatan, Andrew J. Zahuranec, Andrew Young, and Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/em>**\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>This is the fourth installment of an ongoing series of case studies on Data Collaboratives and Data Stewardship. These case studies intend to provide insights toward leveraging private data for public good in a systematic, sustainable and responsible manner.\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=bc6d09925f&utm_source=Data+Stewards+Network&utm_campaign=15fdda85ab-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2019_05_17_08_37_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_bc6d09925f-15fdda85ab-87779301\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003Cem>Subscribe\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>to our Data Stewards Newsletter to be notified of future releases.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*UeFGeBVZOIG1no7AIgiKlQ.jpeg\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Photo by \u003Ca href=\"https://www.shutterstock.com/g/Michael+YL+Tan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Michael YL Tan\u003C/a> on \u003Ca href=\"https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/three-boys-huddled-together-courage-watch-356688539\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Shutterstock\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Summary:\u003C/strong> Following the 2015 earthquake in Nepal, Flowminder, a data analytics nonprofit, and NCell, a mobile operator in Nepal, formed a data collaborative. Using call detail records (CDR, a type of mobile operator data) provided by NCell, Flowminder estimated the number of people displaced by the earthquake and their location. The result of the analysis was provided to various humanitarian agencies responding to the crisis in Nepal to make humanitarian aid delivery more efficient and targeted.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Data Collaboratives Model:\u003C/strong> Based on our \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/existing-practices.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">typology of data collaborative practice areas\u003C/a>, the initiative follows the \u003Cstrong>trusted intermediary\u003C/strong> model of data collaboration, specifically a \u003Cstrong>third-party analytics\u003C/strong> approach. Third-party analytics projects involve trusted intermediaries — such as Flowminder — who access private-sector data, conduct targeted analysis, and share insights with public or civil sector partners without sharing the underlying data. This approach enables public interest uses of private-sector data while retaining strict access control. It brings outside data expertise that would likely not be available otherwise using direct bilateral collaboration between data holders and users.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Data Stewardship Approach:\u003C/strong> The data stewards involved in this project exercised \u003Ca href=\"#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the five functions\u003C/a> at different points in the collaboration. NCell and Flowminder demonstrated the first function of data stewards when they set up a collaboration in advance of the earthquake. This enabled their teams to exercise the second function: coordinating parties involved in the collaborative response. The third function — data audit and assessment of value and risk — was built into their data sharing mechanism. Flowminder performed the fourth function by disseminating the findings. Finally, the two organizations are still maintaining their collaboration well beyond the 2015 earthquake, demonstrating the fifth function of data stewards.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*_FwHNYtNOJiV5GqHE2Dksg.png\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>Operational variables for “Using Telecom Data to Aid Humanitarian Efforts after the 2015 Earthquake in Nepal” data collaborative. Detailed description of each variable can be found\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/existing-practices.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003C/a> \u003Cem>.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Read the full case study \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Flowminder_NCell-Data-Collab-Case-Study-FINAL.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/data-collaborative-case-study-leveraging-telecom-data-to-aid-humanitarian-efforts",{"title":1920,"description":1924},"data-collaborative-case-study-leveraging-telecom-data-to-aid-humanitarian-efforts","blogposts/data-collaborative-case-study-leveraging-telecom-data-to-aid-humanitarian-efforts","MBHrurWmMVNvgWp7ZUuFOY-RUjreewMhrY9TnIkRrl0",{"id":1934,"title":1935,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1936,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1937,"description":1938,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1935,"image":1939,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1940,"meta":1941,"navigation":15,"path":1942,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1943,"slug":1944,"startTime":34,"stem":1945,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1946},"blogposts/blogposts/announcing-ai-localism-a-new-platform-supporting-the-responsible-use-and-design-of-ai-at-the.json","Announcing AI Localism: A new platform supporting the responsible use and design of AI at the",[],"2020-09-30T20:51:18","Today, The GovLab is excited to launch a new platform which seeks to monitor, analyze and guide how AI is being governed in cities around…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*gG8fHmmW5omR6sxf.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"db80\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"26cb\" id=\"26cb\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Announcing AI Localism: A new platform supporting the responsible use and design of AI at the local level\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"be54\" id=\"be54\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Today, The GovLab is excited to launch a new platform which seeks to monitor, analyze and guide how AI is being governed in cities around the world: AI Localism.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"0bf4\" id=\"0bf4\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*gG8fHmmW5omR6sxf.jpeg\" data-width=\"2600\" data-height=\"834\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*gG8fHmmW5omR6sxf.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Ca href=\"http://ailocalism.org\" data-href=\"http://ailocalism.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://ailocalism.org\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"dda3\" id=\"dda3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/local-regulation-of-artificial-intelligence-uses-by-stefaan-g-verhulst-1-and-mona-sloane-2020-02?barrier=accesspaylog\" data-href=\"https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/local-regulation-of-artificial-intelligence-uses-by-stefaan-g-verhulst-1-and-mona-sloane-2020-02?barrier=accesspaylog\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">AI Localism\u003C/a> refers to the actions taken by local decision-makers to address the use of AI within a city or community. AI Localism has often emerged because of gaps left by incomplete state, national or global governance frameworks.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4a03\" id=\"4a03\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“AI Localism offers both immediacy and proximity. Because it is managed within tightly defined geographic regions, it affords policymakers a better understanding of the tradeoffs involved. By calibrating algorithms and AI policies for local conditions, policymakers have a better chance of creating positive feedback loops that will result in greater effectiveness and accountability.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"be61\" id=\"be61\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The initial AI Localism projects include:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8fd8\" id=\"8fd8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://ieai.mcts.tum.de/research/the-ethics-and-practice-of-ai-localism-at-a-time-of-covid-19-and-beyond/\" data-href=\"https://ieai.mcts.tum.de/research/the-ethics-and-practice-of-ai-localism-at-a-time-of-covid-19-and-beyond/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Ethics and Practice of AI Localism at a Time of Covid-19 and Beyond\u003C/a> — In collaboration with the TUM School of Governance and University of Melbourne The GovLab will conduct a comparative review of current practices worldwide to gain a better understanding of successful AI Localism in the context of COVID-19 as to inform and guide local leaders and city officials towards best practices.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"04e1\" id=\"04e1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/research/centers/responsible-ai\" data-href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/research/centers/responsible-ai\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Responsible AI at the Local Level\u003C/a> — Together with the NYU Center Responsible AI, The GovLab will seek to develop an interactive repository and a set of training modules of Responsible AI approaches at the local level.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1ca0\" id=\"1ca0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Join us as we seek to understand and develop new forms of governance to guide local leaders towards responsible AI implementation or share any effort you are working on to establishing responsible AI at the local level by visiting: \u003Ca href=\"http://ailocalism.org/\" data-href=\"http://ailocalism.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://ailocalism.org\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/announcing-ai-localism-a-new-platform-supporting-the-responsible-use-and-design-of-ai-at-the",{"title":1935,"description":1938},"announcing-ai-localism-a-new-platform-supporting-the-responsible-use-and-design-of-ai-at-the","blogposts/announcing-ai-localism-a-new-platform-supporting-the-responsible-use-and-design-of-ai-at-the","goffUUZz06bJythtC2k9FGbZlJy1-D4Cug5ODCpxFwY",{"id":1948,"title":1949,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1950,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1951,"description":1952,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1949,"image":1953,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1954,"meta":1955,"navigation":15,"path":1956,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1957,"slug":1958,"startTime":34,"stem":1959,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1960},"blogposts/blogposts/the-world-is-on-fire-data-can-help.json","The World is On Fire. Data Can Help",[],"2020-09-28T14:19:41","Right now, huge swathes of Brazil's Amazon rainforest are burning. In the Arctic, ice has melted to near-record lows while communities...","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*-wr4i9F404uxQXva.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"21d5\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"082d\" id=\"082d\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">The World is On Fire. Data Can Help\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"eaa3\" id=\"eaa3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This blog by Andrew J. Zahuranec was \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-data-policy-lab/the-world-is-on-fire-data-can-help-bd8551841bfe\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-data-policy-lab/the-world-is-on-fire-data-can-help-bd8551841bfe\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">originally published\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> through the \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, an initiative from \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The GovLab\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> supported by \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/\" data-href=\"https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Microsoft\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"ec3c\" id=\"ec3c\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*-wr4i9F404uxQXva.png\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"534\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*-wr4i9F404uxQXva.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">An orange sky over San Francisco following historic wildfires across the US West Coast. Photo by \u003Ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/cmichel67/50324415841/in/photolist-2jEZMy6-2jG2FcV-2jyUgnb-2jEX5Vc-2jGXcAZ-2jFPp4R-2jAZokY-2jDXVg5-2jGHojR-2jHCdVM-2jHbRCk-2jF1Gho-2jxDX3p-2jF7js3-2jFE4J7-2jEZMCE-2jH7uaQ-2j36Z3A-2jF1Gku-2jEQnkf-2jHPBD5-2jFzQpk-2jFDjB4-2jEQnj8-2jGx6oy-2jF96xT-2jCG2kZ-2jFzQsX-2jGmHrw-2jJeogA-2jyxB6T-2jsCZbP-2jG7APH-2jGG2Mg-2jEL2UR-2jHEFMb-2jHYacs-2jCG2nH-2jFxkVK-2jEWn8k-2jGvG3H-2jECQ6e-2jGjAYL-2jHoLa2-2jF1H1h-2jEQni6-2jEWmK1-2jqyWvy-2jH1hu6-2jGVVbo/\" data-href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/cmichel67/50324415841/in/photolist-2jEZMy6-2jG2FcV-2jyUgnb-2jEX5Vc-2jGXcAZ-2jFPp4R-2jAZokY-2jDXVg5-2jGHojR-2jHCdVM-2jHbRCk-2jF1Gho-2jxDX3p-2jF7js3-2jFE4J7-2jEZMCE-2jH7uaQ-2j36Z3A-2jF1Gku-2jEQnkf-2jHPBD5-2jFzQpk-2jFDjB4-2jEQnj8-2jGx6oy-2jF96xT-2jCG2kZ-2jFzQsX-2jGmHrw-2jJeogA-2jyxB6T-2jsCZbP-2jG7APH-2jGG2Mg-2jEL2UR-2jHEFMb-2jHYacs-2jCG2nH-2jFxkVK-2jEWn8k-2jGvG3H-2jECQ6e-2jGjAYL-2jHoLa2-2jF1H1h-2jEQni6-2jEWmK1-2jqyWvy-2jH1hu6-2jGVVbo/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Christopher Michel\u003C/a> is licensed under \u003Ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/\" data-href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY 2.0\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"af4d\" id=\"af4d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Right now, huge swathes of Brazil’s \u003Ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-environment-fires-exclusive/exclusive-brazil-amazon-fires-likely-worst-in-10-years-august-data-incomplete-government-researcher-says-idUSKBN25T349\" data-href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-environment-fires-exclusive/exclusive-brazil-amazon-fires-likely-worst-in-10-years-august-data-incomplete-government-researcher-says-idUSKBN25T349\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Amazon rainforest\u003C/a> are burning. In the Arctic, ice has melted to \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/21/climate/arctic-sea-ice-climate-change.html\" data-href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/21/climate/arctic-sea-ice-climate-change.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">near-record lows\u003C/a> while communities across California, Oregon, and Washington are still recovering from wildfires so severe they \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/09/weather/california-orange-skies-wildfires-photos-trnd/index.html\" data-href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/09/weather/california-orange-skies-wildfires-photos-trnd/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">stained the sky orange\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/environment/story/2020-09-18/wildfires-toxic-air-leaves-damage-long-after-the-smoke-clears\" data-href=\"https://www.latimes.com/environment/story/2020-09-18/wildfires-toxic-air-leaves-damage-long-after-the-smoke-clears\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">left people unable to breathe\u003C/a>. Though each of these events are the result of various local and global factors, one common element is clear: climate change. The failure to limit greenhouse emissions makes us more susceptible to disasters.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"062d\" id=\"062d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Data is key to achieving serious reductions in carbon emissions and blunting climate change’s ongoing impact. Through improved situational awareness, a better understanding of cause and effect, enhanced predictive capabilities, or real-time impact assessments — all possible by leveraging \u003Ca href=\"https://migrationdataportal.org/blog/4-reasons-why-data-collaboratives-are-key-addressing-migration\" data-href=\"https://migrationdataportal.org/blog/4-reasons-why-data-collaboratives-are-key-addressing-migration\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">data\u003C/a> in new ways — we can develop the policies and interventions needed for this crisis. Organizations such as the \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@opendatacharter/opening-up-climate-data-b7396813917\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@opendatacharter/opening-up-climate-data-b7396813917\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">International Open Data Charter\u003C/a> and the \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@opendatacharter/open-data-is-needed-for-collaborative-climate-action-f2423c9ac96c\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@opendatacharter/open-data-is-needed-for-collaborative-climate-action-f2423c9ac96c\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">World Resources Institute\u003C/a> have already published \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1P0gkZURcA_b5jksSxJOJEbc9hQ7fOWI405Neh3_BEmw/edit\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1P0gkZURcA_b5jksSxJOJEbc9hQ7fOWI405Neh3_BEmw/edit\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">guides\u003C/a> showing how open data assets can be used to pursue these values for climate action.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7e50\" id=\"7e50\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Yet, as Geoff Mulgan, Professor of Collective Intelligence, Public Policy and Social Innovation at University College London, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.geoffmulgan.com/post/net-zero-integrating-data-digital-radical-carbon-reduction-strategies\" data-href=\"https://www.geoffmulgan.com/post/net-zero-integrating-data-digital-radical-carbon-reduction-strategies\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">argues\u003C/a>, there are far more data assets that could be useful in guiding action. The problem is that these assets are rarely standardized and are not easily accessible. Much of it is proprietary and hidden. Climate activists will need to identify and prioritize the \u003Ca href=\"https://the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">most pressing and useful questions\u003C/a> for spurring climate action and find ways to access the datasets that can help answer them.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8d74\" id=\"8d74\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Achieving this goal will not be easy, but progress has already been made in a variety of areas. At the \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/a>, an initiative from \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab\u003C/a> supported by \u003Ca href=\"https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/\" data-href=\"https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Microsoft\u003C/a>, we have worked on sourcing questions; identifying data assets, and establishing data collaboratives through the following initiatives and actions:\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"13f5\" id=\"13f5\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*T2zK4PCOMQQBZTYZ.png\" data-width=\"635\" data-height=\"541\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*T2zK4PCOMQQBZTYZ.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">The 100 Questions Initiative\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"9a7b\" id=\"9a7b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sourcing priority questions on \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://air-quality.the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"https://air-quality.the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">air quality\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> that can be answered by data\u003C/strong>: As part of The 100 Questions Initiative, we have partnered with the World Resources Institute to establish a cohort of bilinguals — experts with data science and domain expertise — to define the most pressing air quality questions that can serve as an agenda for future data collaboration and reuse.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"41ae\" id=\"41ae\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*WWpeSQRUK2C4Nt6D.png\" data-width=\"390\" data-height=\"505\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*WWpeSQRUK2C4Nt6D.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">The Open Data Demand Assessment and Segmentation Methodology\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"806f\" id=\"806f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Identifying open data sources and use cases that can advance climate action\u003C/strong>. With the Inter-American Development Bank and key officials within the Viceministerio de la Presidencia Costa Rica we developed a \u003Ca href=\"https://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/Data+Demand.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/Data+Demand.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Open Data Demand Assessment and Segmentation Methodology\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> to guide officials on identifying, segmenting, and engaging those interested in data use. We developed and tested the methodology in Costa Rica to align the supply and demand for data on climate change.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"9e1c\" id=\"9e1c\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*QlNuvGcrH2JMHEIp.png\" data-width=\"566\" data-height=\"474\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*QlNuvGcrH2JMHEIp.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Aclímate Colombia Open Data Impact Case Study\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"720e\" id=\"720e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Learning from best practices on how data can be used for climate action through detailed case studies\u003C/strong>. Our\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Open Data Impact\u003C/a> project documents how the use of open data can improve people’s lives through 37 case studies. For instance, the \u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-aclimate-colombia.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-aclimate-colombia.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Aclímate Colombia\u003C/a> case study details how, in Colombia, organizations used open data to mitigate the consequences of climate change on farmers and others. The case study informed our \u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/periodic-table.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/periodic-table.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Periodic Table of Open Data Elements\u003C/a>, detailing the conditions that determine the impact of open data initiatives. Similarly, our \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/data-collaborative-case-study-global-fishing-watch-8e92bc72fae6\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/data-collaborative-case-study-global-fishing-watch-8e92bc72fae6\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Case Study on the Global Fishing Watch\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>, a part of our Data Stewards Network efforts, documents the value of data collaboration, a collaboration beyond the public–private partnership model in which participants from different sectors exchange data to create public value, for environmental ends.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"769d\" id=\"769d\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*m-545vNSGt6PeSlM\" data-width=\"936\" data-height=\"606\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*m-545vNSGt6PeSlM\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">The Data Collaboratives Explorer\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"d176\" id=\"d176\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Mapping and analyzing the field of data for climate action.\u003C/strong> Our \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/explorer.html\" data-href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/explorer.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data Collaborative Explorer\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> collects over 200 data collaborative projects around the world, the largest such repository. It includes links, brief descriptions, a list of participants, and an explanation of the data used in 38 environmental projects, including an effort by \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/cases/california-data-collaborative-cadc-coalition-of-water-utilities.html\" data-href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/cases/california-data-collaborative-cadc-coalition-of-water-utilities.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">California water utilities to better manage resources\u003C/a> and a project by the mobile operator \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/cases/fao-and-telefonica-collaborate-to-build-community-resilience-in-changing-climate.html\" data-href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/cases/fao-and-telefonica-collaborate-to-build-community-resilience-in-changing-climate.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Telefónica to identify people displaced by climate\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"2620\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"2755\" id=\"2755\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading graf--trailing\">The Open Data Policy Lab will expand on this work in the months to come. By supporting decision-makers across sectors and at all levels of governance, we can foster responsible data initiatives that contribute to economic development, societal progress and environmental resilience.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/the-world-is-on-fire-data-can-help",{"title":1949,"description":1952},"the-world-is-on-fire-data-can-help","blogposts/the-world-is-on-fire-data-can-help","7xPZ-gom2KqTFdYwBS6V7f0cf2qge3LGgCdtk7_fpo8",{"id":1962,"title":1963,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1964,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1965,"description":1966,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1963,"image":1967,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1968,"meta":1969,"navigation":15,"path":1970,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1971,"slug":1972,"startTime":34,"stem":1973,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1974},"blogposts/blogposts/the-auckland-councils-emergency-20202021-budget-consultation-makes-covid-19-era-inclusive.json","The Auckland Councils Emergency 2020/2021 Budget Consultation Makes Covid-19-era Inclusive",[],"2020-08-11T20:29:19","New Zealand’s Auckland Council established a set of six digital and remote methods of giving feedback for Auckland residents to raise their concerns and suggestions in the council’s budgetary decision making process as part of its response to the budgetary crisis...","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*HOH3wSlmmoWwr0AV","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"6eff\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">The Auckland Council’s Emergency 2020/2021 Budget Consultation Makes Covid-19-era Inclusive Decision-Making A Reality\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"9c13\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">By Nandita Kohli\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3763\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Introduction\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"db34\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This blog post is part of CrowdLaw’s Continuity of Legislatures \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://crowd.law/continuity-of-legislatures-series-d9d86496fc39\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/continuity-of-legislatures-series-d9d86496fc39\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">series\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">. The Continuity of Legislatures series is dedicated to looking into the innovative ways in which governments around the world have adopted online platforms for deliberation and voting in response to the challenges posed by Covid-19.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6607\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">New Zealand’s Auckland Council established a set of six digital and remote methods of giving feedback for Auckland residents to raise their concerns and suggestions in the council’s budgetary decision making process as part of its response to the budgetary crisis. Below we will discuss these in further detail.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d3c8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As the Covid-19 pandemic shuttered businesses and halted tourism around the world, The Auckland Council, which acts as the regional and municipal governing authority for Auckland, New Zealand, braced for budgetary damage. The Auckland Council estimated that the city will experience “\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Pages/our-response-to-the-covid-19-pandemic.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Pages/our-response-to-the-covid-19-pandemic.aspx\">a sizable drop in revenue next year\u003C/a>” and projected operating cash income across the council to be “over $525 million [New Zealand dollars] less than previously budgeted.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f4b8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">While 90% of feedback was received in a digital format, the demographic breakup of respondents matched closely with Auckland’s population demographics, even during the pandemic. This suggests that the council was able to reach a diverse subset of their constituents and therefore, be more inclusive in their decision-making process.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"924e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In order to better understand how the council was able to gather such a representative sample of Auckland’s population, this blog post examines the council’s general process for feedback and feedback analysis, their methods of outreach, the public’s response, and the final outcome made by the council.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ae48\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Process/Workflow\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"169d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This participatory decision making process is only the latest in a series of projects the city council has conducted on its \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/Pages/home.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/Pages/home.aspx\">Shape Auckland\u003C/a> platform. Previous projects on this platform include the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/piha-wetland-plan/Pages/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/piha-wetland-plan/Pages/default.aspx\">Piha Wetland Plan\u003C/a>, the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/proposal-amend-revenue-and-financing-policy/Pages/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/proposal-amend-revenue-and-financing-policy/Pages/default.aspx\">Proposal to amend the Revenue and Financing Policy\u003C/a>, and the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/review-council-controlled-organisations/Pages/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/review-council-controlled-organisations/Pages/default.aspx\">Review of council-controlled organisations (CCOs)\u003C/a>. However, none looks quite as complex nor extensive in feedback analysis as the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Pages/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Pages/default.aspx\">Emergency Budget 2020/2021\u003C/a> consultation.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"30e2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As of July 29, there are eight projects currently open to public feedback. The website is not only a participatory platform for policymaking. It is also a centralized way for the public to learn about decisions being made in the commercial and touristic hub of Auckland, NZ.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"49c5\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*HOH3wSlmmoWwr0AV\" data-image-id=\"0*HOH3wSlmmoWwr0AV\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"853\">\n\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">An example of the the “tooltips” feature to explain technical jargon in plain language\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"baee\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">According to the council’s website, public feedback on the platform comes from a variety of \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/what-happens-feedback/Pages/after-you-submit-feedback.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/what-happens-feedback/Pages/after-you-submit-feedback.aspx\">sources\u003C/a> including feedback forms, emails, letters, social media posts, and comments made at public meetings (usually in-person). Once feedback is collected, the council analyzes all feedback received and contextualizes it with advice from technical experts and other relevant evidence to make their final decisions for the community.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6570\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For each project requesting feedback from constituents, the Auckland Council is responsible for being \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/what-happens-feedback/Pages/after-you-submit-feedback.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/what-happens-feedback/Pages/after-you-submit-feedback.aspx\">transparent\u003C/a> in who will make the final decisions, who will analyze the feedback and prepare the summary report, which other sources of information will be considered in the decision-making, and what the timelines are used for guiding reporting and decision-making.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"42df\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">According to Auckland’s \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/what-happens-feedback/Documents/significance-engagement-policy.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/what-happens-feedback/Documents/significance-engagement-policy.pdf\">Significance and Engagement Policy\u003C/a> which was passed in December 2014, “The mayor has a responsibility to ensure there is effective community engagement” and local boards are additionally “responsible for communicating with local communities to help inform local decision making and communicate local views to the governing body on regional issues.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3d7e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The council uses (1) digital approaches such as email newsletters and social media, (2) the council’s website for consultations — \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/Pages/home.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/Pages/home.aspx\">Shape Auckland\u003C/a>, (3) advertisements and articles in the media, (4) information and displays in \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandlibraries.govt.nz/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandlibraries.govt.nz/\">libraries\u003C/a> and service centers, (5) the council’s newsletter — \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://ourauckland.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/pages/e-news-sign-up/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://ourauckland.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/pages/e-news-sign-up/\">OurAuckland\u003C/a>, and (6) the People’s Panel — a survey-based mailing list, to keep the community of Auckland informed and engaged.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f46a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In order to achieve “effective community engagement” the council additionally follows the International Association of Public Participation (IAP2)’s five-step Spectrum of Public Participation approach outlined below.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"dcc3\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*UsqNke1C9FoPwN74\" data-image-id=\"0*UsqNke1C9FoPwN74\" data-width=\"1247\" data-height=\"308\">\n\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">*Taken from \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/what-happens-feedback/Documents/significance-engagement-policy.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/what-happens-feedback/Documents/significance-engagement-policy.pdf\">Significance and Engagement Policy\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"4b6b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Although the council is not bound to make decisions congruent with the majority of feedback, in abiding by the Local Government Act 2002, the council must identify people who will be affected by the decision, provide them with access to relevant information on the process and scope of the decision, encourage people to give their views, listen to and consider those views with an open mind, and after the decision, provide access to the decision and any other relevant material (\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/what-happens-feedback/Documents/significance-engagement-policy.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/what-happens-feedback/Documents/significance-engagement-policy.pdf\">Significance and Engagement Policy\u003C/a>).\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d64f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Methods of Outreach\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"11c2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In efforts to reach out to their constituents regarding budgetary plans for the upcoming year, the council held consultations open for the public’s feedback during the first two weeks of June. In addition, according to the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Documents/emergency-budget-2020-2021-feedback-summary.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Documents/emergency-budget-2020-2021-feedback-summary.pdf\">feedback summary\u003C/a>, the council claims to have contacted all ratepayers, previous submitters, library members, the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/have-your-say-through-peoples-panel/Pages/join-the-peoples-panel.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/have-your-say-through-peoples-panel/Pages/join-the-peoples-panel.aspx\">People’s Panel\u003C/a>, and stakeholders either via email or text.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"62c6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Council created \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Pages/ways-to-have-your-say-on-the-emergency-budget.aspx#panelLinks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Pages/ways-to-have-your-say-on-the-emergency-budget.aspx#panelLinks\">six\u003C/a> methods for constituents to voice their opinions, outlined below. The first three methods of communication involved constituents filling out a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Documents/feedback-form.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Documents/feedback-form.pdf\">form\u003C/a> (called the Annual Budget Feedback form) either online, by email or sent through post mail. Other methods of communication involved social media interactions, phone conversations, and attending community webinars.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"fb56\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The key decisions in the emergency budget were regarding property tax rates- the predominant source of income for the city. According to the feedback \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Documents/feedback-form.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Documents/feedback-form.pdf\">form\u003C/a>, the questions put for public feedback were regarding (1) general (property tax) rates increase for 2020/2021, (2) rates postponement for ratepayers impacted by Covid-19, and (3) suspending the targeted rate paid by accommodation providers. The most controversial and impactful decision remained whether to go with the “planned 3.5% or a lower 2.5% average general rates increase” for the following year.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0ceb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Public Response\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7a96\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Approximately 90% of all feedback was “received digitally” according to the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Documents/emergency-budget-2020-2021-feedback-summary.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Documents/emergency-budget-2020-2021-feedback-summary.pdf\">feedback summary\u003C/a> report. Each feedback method and its participation outcomes are outlined in more detail below. The \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Documents/emergency-budget-2020-2021-feedback-summary.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Documents/emergency-budget-2020-2021-feedback-summary.pdf\">feedback summary\u003C/a> report analyzes a total of 34,915 pieces of feedback, out of which 24,297 responses came from the feedback \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Documents/feedback-form.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Documents/feedback-form.pdf\">form\u003C/a>. 40% of respondents favored a 2.5% increase in rates while 37% favored a 3.5% increase.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"f3c9\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*VRnnBEDmtowR8uwS\" data-image-id=\"0*VRnnBEDmtowR8uwS\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"928\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"91a9\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--figure\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*qQRq1FOMchVY6OV4\" data-image-id=\"0*qQRq1FOMchVY6OV4\" data-width=\"1184\" data-height=\"693\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"f906\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--figure\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*R5m1Qpn3pydxCls2\" data-image-id=\"0*R5m1Qpn3pydxCls2\" data-width=\"945\" data-height=\"681\">\n\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">*Taken from Emergency Budget 2020–2021 \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Documents/emergency-budget-2020-2021-feedback-summary.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Documents/emergency-budget-2020-2021-feedback-summary.pdf\">feedback summary\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"be9c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In response to the form’s second question on rate postponement for ratepayers impacted by Covid-19, 67% of responses supported this proposal, 23% did not support this proposal, and 10% selected the ‘I don’t know’ option or made a comment with no clear stance on the matter.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"89b8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In the final question on the council’s proposal to suspend the Accommodation Provider Targeted Rate (APTR), which usually funds visitor attractions and major events that have been largely been halted due to Covid-19, 72% of responses supported the proposal, 14% did not support the proposal, and 13% selected ‘I don’t know’ or made an unbiased comment.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"91af\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In addition to responding to the feedback form, residents also had the opportunity to get involved by commenting on social media platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, or Instagram using the hashtag #AKHaveYourSay. The council received 149 pieces of feedback through social media, which was taken into account within the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Documents/emergency-budget-2020-2021-feedback-summary.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Documents/emergency-budget-2020-2021-feedback-summary.pdf\">feedback summary\u003C/a>. The council also received 29 feedback responses via phone.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0137\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Finally, the feedback events, which were initially in-person (for the first two events) and later transitioned into seven Skype-based webinar events due to the severity of Covid-19, were recorded and uploaded as \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Pages/attend-a-webinar-event.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Pages/attend-a-webinar-event.aspx\">videos\u003C/a> to YouTube where they received between 40–90 views each. The webinars can also be found in transcript form on the website.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f858\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Demographics\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8986\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Of the 34,915 who responded to the survey, approximately 20,000 participants opted to respond to the demographics questions on gender, ethnicity, and age.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"9629\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">52% of respondents identified as female, 47% identified as male, and 1% identified as gender diverse. 76% claimed a European ethnicity, 8% claimed Maori, 14% Pacifika, 20% Asian, and 4% other. The largest age groups were 35–44 and 45–54, making up 9,541 respondents. The demographic breakup of the survey respondents matched closely with \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://worldpopulationreview.com/world-cities/auckland-population\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://worldpopulationreview.com/world-cities/auckland-population\">Auckland’s population\u003C/a> demographics.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"4fcb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Outcomes/Impacts\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"50d7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In addition to these avenues of interaction, the Council recorded all feedback, including feedback from external organizations (referred to as pro forma responses), in their \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Pages/feedback-submissions-received.aspx#panelLinks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Pages/feedback-submissions-received.aspx#panelLinks\">feedback submissions link\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a31e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Feedback analysis and political deliberations between council members occurred June 20 through July 15. The budgetary decisions were to be finalized on July 16 and would be \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Pages/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/have-your-say/topics-you-can-have-your-say-on/emergency-budget/Pages/default.aspx\">step five of seven\u003C/a> in the final adoption of the new annual budget.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0dd0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">After much deliberation, the council \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/local-government/122116574/auckland-council-budget-rates-up-35-per-cent-and-more-than-500-jobs-to-go\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/local-government/122116574/auckland-council-budget-rates-up-35-per-cent-and-more-than-500-jobs-to-go\">decided to increase the rates by 3.5%\u003C/a> for the following year. Mayor Phil Goff delivered Auckland Council’s emergency budget decision, stating that many cuts would have to be made. In a final attempt to save jobs and basic services, the council chose a 3.5% rate increase.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2313\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The council has also decided to allow ratepayers in short-term financial difficulty to postpone “a maximum of $20,000 in rates per property over the next 12 months, with a forecast take-up totalling $50 million”.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"42cc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This blog post is the first in a two-part series on the Auckland Council’s Emergency 2020/2021 Budget Consultation. The second part will cover in more depth how the feedback sample was conducted in order to achieve these representative outcomes and how the feedback was used in the decision-making process of council members.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7965\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This post is part of a series on the Continuity of Legislatures. Find the whole series \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://crowd.law/continuity-of-legislatures-series-d9d86496fc39\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/continuity-of-legislatures-series-d9d86496fc39\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"5d93\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*bqMZgj1DaPeLu0GeFFIOGg.png\" data-image-id=\"1*bqMZgj1DaPeLu0GeFFIOGg.png\" data-width=\"2563\" data-height=\"1721\" data-is-featured=\"true\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/the-auckland-councils-emergency-20202021-budget-consultation-makes-covid-19-era-inclusive",{"title":1963,"description":1966},"the-auckland-councils-emergency-20202021-budget-consultation-makes-covid-19-era-inclusive","blogposts/the-auckland-councils-emergency-20202021-budget-consultation-makes-covid-19-era-inclusive","3wQ3ZhlGCEUDH8CtdcRkDH9RoUX9xhkhAhA7wDZiAeg",{"id":1976,"title":1977,"author":1071,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1978,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1979,"description":1980,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1977,"image":1981,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1982,"meta":1983,"navigation":15,"path":1984,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1985,"slug":1986,"startTime":34,"stem":1987,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":1988},"blogposts/blogposts/panel-redefining-the-role-of-data-stewardship-and-data-collaboration-for-covid-19.json","PANEL: Redefining the Role of Data Stewardship and Data Collaboration for COVID-19",[],"2020-07-31T00:00:00","In a panel published Tuesday for the 2020 Responsible Data Summit, The GovLab’s Co-Founder and Chief Research and Development Officer Ste…","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*QZJowV-zZQilS9T9","\u003Ch1 id=\"panel-redefining-the-role-of-data-stewardship-and-data-collaboration-for-covid-19\">PANEL: Redefining the Role of Data Stewardship and Data Collaboration for COVID-19\u003C/h1> \u003Ch2 id=\"panel-redefining-the-role-of-data-stewardship-and-data-collaboration-for-covid-19-1\">\u003Cstrong>PANEL: Redefining the Role of Data Stewardship and Data Collaboration for COVID-19\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*QZJowV-zZQilS9T9\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Richard Benjamins (Telefonica), Claudia Juech (Cloudera Foundation), Brennan Lake (Cuebiq) at the 2020 Responsible Data Summit\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Data collaboratives\u003C/a> are a new form of collaboration, beyond the public-private partnership model, in which participants from different sectors — in particular companies — exchange their data to create public value. This emerging data approach can bring together a wide range of inter-sectoral experience to generate new insights and innovations. However, the success of these arrangements often depends on \u003Ca href=\"https://datastewards.net/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">data stewards\u003C/a> — responsible data leaders empowered by their organizations to proactively initiate, facilitate, and coordinate data collaboration.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>In a panel published Tuesday for the \u003Ca href=\"http://responsibledata.ai/pandemic\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">2020 Responsible Data Summit\u003C/a>, The GovLab’s Co-Founder and Chief Research and Development Officer Stefaan Verhulst spoke with real-world data stewards \u003Ca href=\"https://www.rockefellerfoundation.org/profile/claudia-juech/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Claudia Juech\u003C/a> (Cloudera Foundation), \u003Ca href=\"https://openexpoeurope.com/speaker/richard-benjamins/#:~:text=Richard%20Benjamins%20is%20Data%20%26%20AI%20Ambassador%20at%20Telefonica%2C%20LUCA.&text=He%20currently%20works%20on%20how,BigML%20%E2%80%93%20making%20Machine%20Learning%20easy.\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Richard Benjamins\u003C/a> (Telefonica), and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cuebiq.com/press/brennan-lake-joins-cuebiq-as-program-director-of-data-for-good/#:~:text=Prior%20to%20his%20work%20with,Executive%20MBA%20at%20Cornell%20University.\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Brennan Lake\u003C/a> (Cuebiq) about the value of their role. Addressing the renewed need for data amid the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, they spoke specifically about how they had contributed to the COVID-19 response and recovery effort.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Brennan Lake began the conversation by noting how his organization’s prior experience working on public good issues benefited it during the pandemic.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>“I think if we were a company that just solely focused on for-profit models and satisfying private-sector needs, we might have been scrambling to respond to the call and the need for this kind of data but luckily responsible data stewardship is baked into Cuebiq’s DNA.”\u003C/p> \u003Cp>He added: “The key ingredient to success was having that network in place and having the infrastructure to be able to share data better in a responsible way with folks we knew would take up the mission in a very action-oriented way.”\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Richard Benjamins echoed these points and noted how private-sector organizations can glean lessons from their normal business models.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>“When the whole pandemic actually happened, we went proactively to the Spanish government and said, ‘hey, we have nice insights for managing the crisis.’” He noted. “Since then, we’ve been sharing this kind of information through dashboards or executive reports at different levels, just following movements of people across the country.”\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Complimenting the anecdotes of the previous two speakers, Claudia Juech noted several major takeaways from her work. First, she said that, as Richard and Brennan indicated, many of the Cloudera Foundation’s grantees had embedded coronavirus-related activities into their data work. Second, she found that many of the criteria for grantees — such as security and governance and data science capacity — continued to be relevant amid the pandemic.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The attendees subsequently expanded on these points and discussed a variety of other issues, including the need to promote long-term sustainability, the value of a community of data stewards, and the importance of engaging with the public on data reuse.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>You can watch the full discussion on these points through the video above.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/panel-redefining-the-role-of-data-stewardship-and-data-collaboration-for-covid-19",{"title":1977,"description":1980},"panel-redefining-the-role-of-data-stewardship-and-data-collaboration-for-covid-19","blogposts/panel-redefining-the-role-of-data-stewardship-and-data-collaboration-for-covid-19","b0n-lvxNoNzGBGMtDz03AYGBZlC5UW2fPpG9JaiTcRM",{"id":1990,"title":1991,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":1992,"body":34,"category":34,"date":1993,"description":1994,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":1991,"image":1995,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":1996,"meta":1997,"navigation":15,"path":1998,"registrationLink":34,"seo":1999,"slug":2000,"startTime":34,"stem":2001,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2002},"blogposts/blogposts/summer-of-open-data-accelerating-data-collaboration.json","Summer of Open Data: Accelerating Data Collaboration",[],"2020-07-14T16:14:14","The Summer of Open Data is a three-month project spearheaded by the Open Data Policy Lab to jump start an exploration into the third wave…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*BRZctIqPTdjXUU4m","\n\u003Csection name=\"97a8\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"2d4f\" id=\"2d4f\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Summer of Open Data: Accelerating Data Collaboration\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"6cb4\" id=\"6cb4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">View a PDF version of this document \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/summer-of-open-data-2pager.pdf\" data-href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/summer-of-open-data-2pager.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"63e9\" id=\"63e9\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*BRZctIqPTdjXUU4m\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"400\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*BRZctIqPTdjXUU4m\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"754b\" id=\"754b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Despite the proliferation of data, its potential has yet to be realized in policy- and decision-making. Many of the most useful datasets remain inaccessible to those who need them to do public good despite the tremendous progress made by the open data movement.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3c24\" id=\"3c24\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Freedom of information laws adopted over the last half century have brought about a new kind of transparency, one in which national government data could be supplied on request to an audience (largely) composed of journalists, lawyers, and activists. This first wave of open data was followed by a second at the advent of the open source and web 2.0 era, one that called upon governments to make their data open by default for civic technologists, government agencies, and corporations. While this work enabled new, innovative projects, it left many data silos and asymmetries untouched. Data held by local governments and the private sector remains often hard to access and re-use. Open data has created \u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">significant global impact\u003C/a> to date, but much more work still needs to be done.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3ce4\" id=\"3ce4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Summer of Open Data\u003C/strong> is a three-month project spearheaded by the Open Data Policy Lab (an initiative of \u003Ca href=\"https://www.thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab\u003C/a> with support from \u003Ca href=\"https://www.microsoft.com/\" data-href=\"https://www.microsoft.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Microsoft\u003C/a>) in partnership with the \u003Ca href=\"https://theodi.org/\" data-href=\"https://theodi.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Data Institute\u003C/a>, the \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatacharter.net/\" data-href=\"https://opendatacharter.net/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Data Charter\u003C/a>, DataGovHub and \u003Ca href=\"https://brighthive.io/\" data-href=\"https://brighthive.io/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">BrightHive\u003C/a> to jump start an exploration into the \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">third wave of open data\u003C/strong> that addresses these gaps and is fueled by enhanced data collaboration.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"46ad\" id=\"46ad\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Experts in local and regional governments, national statistical agencies, international bodies, and private companies will join us to advance our understanding of how to establish a vision of open data that is focused on collaboration, responsibility, and purpose. Specifically we will focus on the reuse of public and private data through data collaboratives deemed relevant for local communities, NGOs, academics, and other civic actors.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"19af\" id=\"19af\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Our dialogues and panels will use the COVID-19 pandemic as a starting point to understand the best current practices on data reuse, to identify areas for improvement, and to develop a strategy on how to achieve these improvements. Among other top-of-mind issues, we will address key factors and barriers in data sharing to support workforce recovery and economic outcomes for individuals. Along the way, we will discuss different operational models of data collaboration, the governance mechanisms that promote ethical and responsible re-use and the data skills needed within national and sub-national government bodies, and where important collections of sub-national data might be held.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0081\" id=\"0081\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We will announce the schedule for the first set of panels as soon as we have finished pre-recording them. Anyone interested in partnering on the project or learning more can get in touch with us at opendatapo licylab [at] the govlab.org.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f591\" id=\"f591\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In the meanwhile, you can stay up-to-date on these conversations by following our \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=7213f68ab3\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=7213f68ab3\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">newsletter\u003C/a> or visiting us at \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">opendatapolicylab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a57b\" id=\"a57b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">About\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"be93\" id=\"be93\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2d29\" id=\"2d29\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">An initiative of The GovLab with support from Microsoft, the Open Data Policy Lab seeks to accelerate the responsible re-use and opening of data for the benefit of society and the equitable spread of economic opportunity. As part of this mission, the Open Data Policy Lab supports decision-makers at local, state, and national levels, crafting a series of tools to help navigate and respond to the challenges posed by the third wave of open data. The GovLab, based at the Tandon School of Engineering at New York University, aims to promote openness, collaboration, and legitimacy in governance through the use of data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b1b5\" id=\"b1b5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Digital Trade & Data Governance Hub\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d2ec\" id=\"d2ec\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Digital Trade & Data Governance Hub, based at the Elliott School for International Affairs at George Washington University, trains policymakers and the public in how data is changing the economy and the polity, focusing on data driven services, digital trade and domestic data governance.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5e9c\" id=\"5e9c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Open Data Institute\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8c20\" id=\"8c20\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The ODI works with companies and governments around the world to build an open, trustworthy data ecosystem. They strive to bring about sustainable behaviour change within companies and governments that hold and use data, and advocate for and support practices that increase trust and trustworthiness.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"19ff\" id=\"19ff\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Open Data Charter\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"95db\" id=\"95db\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A collaboration between over 100 governments and organizations, the Open Data Charter (ODC) advances policy and practice to open data along a shared set of principles. Supporting governments to enable the efficacy and accountability, the ODC strives to address today’s social, economic, and environmental challenges through the ethical collection, sharing, and use of open government data while protecting the rights of individuals and communities.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7e2c\" id=\"7e2c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">BrightHive\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e165\" id=\"e165\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">BrightHive helps organizations, networks and communities securely and responsibly link their data to enhance their impact, empower individual and collective decision making, and increase equity of opportunity. BrightHive Data Trusts provide the legal, technical and governance framework that empowers networks of organizations to securely connect their data sources and create new, shared data resources\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/summer-of-open-data-accelerating-data-collaboration",{"title":1991,"description":1994},"summer-of-open-data-accelerating-data-collaboration","blogposts/summer-of-open-data-accelerating-data-collaboration","1cAA_4JTEN4bY81KlR3QvS5yHXRHNGoR3Mk3TiVvMXg",{"id":2004,"title":2005,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2006,"body":34,"category":44,"date":2007,"description":2008,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2005,"image":2009,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2010,"meta":2011,"navigation":15,"path":2012,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2013,"slug":2014,"startTime":34,"stem":2015,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2016},"blogposts/blogposts/starting-with-nyc-new-initiative-weighs-pros-and-cons-of-data-re-use-for-covid-19-and-future.json","Starting with NYC, new initiative weighs pros and cons of data re-use for COVID-19 and future",[],"2020-06-24T17:52:05","BROOKLYN, New York, Wednesday, June 24, 2020 — The Governance Lab (The GovLab), an action research center at New York University Tandon School of Engineering, with the support of the Henry Luce Foundation, announced the creation of The Data Assembly....","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*jlvOrhtu6sFWUuO4H295xg.jpeg","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"901e\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Starting with NYC, new initiative weighs pros and cons of data re-use for COVID-19 and future threats\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"bd52\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*jlvOrhtu6sFWUuO4H295xg.jpeg\" data-image-id=\"1*jlvOrhtu6sFWUuO4H295xg.jpeg\" data-width=\"2732\" data-height=\"1290\" data-is-featured=\"true\">\n\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" href=\"https://thedataassembly.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://thedataassembly.org\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">The Data Assembly Website\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"0065\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">BROOKLYN, New York, Wednesday, June 24, 2020 — The Governance Lab (\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\">The GovLab\u003C/a>), an action research center at \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/\">New York University Tandon School of Engineering\u003C/a>, with the support of the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.hluce.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.hluce.org/\">Henry Luce Foundation\u003C/a>, announced the creation of \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://thedataassembly.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" data-href=\"http://thedataassembly.org/\">The Data Assembly\u003C/a>. Beginning in New York City, the effort will explore how communities perceive the risks and benefits of data re-use for COVID-19. Understanding that policymakers often lack information about the concerns of different stakeholders, The Data Assembly’s deliberations will inform the creation of a responsible data re-use framework to guide the use of data and technology at the city and state level to fight COVID-19’s many consequences.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b0d2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Data Assembly will hold deliberations with civil rights organizations, key data holders and policymakers, and the public at large. Consultations with these stakeholders will take place through a series of remote engagements, including surveys and an online town hall meeting. This work will allow the project to consider the perspectives of people from different strata of society and how they might exercise some control over the flow of data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"86d5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">After the completion of these data re-use deliberations, The Data Assembly will create a path forward for using data responsibly to solve public challenges. The first phases of the project will commence in New York City, seeking to engage with city residents and their leaders on data governance issues.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8ce3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Data is increasingly the primary format for sharing information to understand crises and plan recovery efforts; empowering everyone to better understand how data is collected and how it should be used is paramount,” said Adrienne Schmoeker, Director of Civic Engagement & Strategy and Deputy Chief Analytics Officer at the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www1.nyc.gov/site/analytics/index.page\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" data-href=\"https://www1.nyc.gov/site/analytics/index.page\">NYC Mayor’s Office of Data Analytics\u003C/a>. “We look forward to learning from the insights gathered by the GovLab through The Data Assembly work they are conducting in New York City.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"866e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Data Assembly will be the first-ever public deliberation of the possible benefits — such as using mobile data to measure the impact of social isolation — and drawbacks of re-using data for COVID-19 response. It will inform if and how policymakers can responsibly re-use personal data for crisis management and for more effective, inclusive policymaking after the pandemic.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"aa06\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The effort will explore the responsible re-use of data to improve disease treatment, identify supplies, and generate other insights. While understanding how data could be transformative for COVID-19 response, it will explore widespread concerns about possible harms from re-use. For example, re-use of data for COVID-19 could restrict people’s freedom of movement and result in extreme quarantine measures.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"cb41\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“If used responsibly and effectively, data could help to mitigate the impacts of COVID-19,” said Stefaan Verhulst, Co-Founder and Chief Research and Development Officer of The GovLab. “But to unlock data’s value, we need to rapidly get smarter about the policy and governance challenges resulting from re-using data, as well what public expectations are.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0525\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The work recognizes that policymakers must determine an appropriate balance between the potential benefits and costs of re-using data. This balance should take into account the different, and sometimes contradictory, needs and values of different stakeholders.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2c55\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Too often, policy is designed and conducted in a top-down manner, with little citizen input,” said Dr. Mariko Silver, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Henry Luce Foundation. “We believe this more inclusive effort will yield trusted and effective data policies in the fight against COVID-19.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6be4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Additional information on the project will be published in the coming weeks. Interested parties are invited to subscribe to The GovLab’s Data Stewards Newsletter or visit \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://datastewards.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" data-href=\"http://datastewards.net/\">datastewards.net\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>\n\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Cp id=\"ac71\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">About the New York University Tandon School of Engineering\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"043a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The NYU Tandon School of Engineering dates to 1854, the founding date for both the New York University School of Civil Engineering and Architecture and the Brooklyn Collegiate and Polytechnic Institute (widely known as Brooklyn Poly). A January 2014 merger created a comprehensive school of education and research in engineering and applied sciences, rooted in a tradition of invention and entrepreneurship and dedicated to furthering technology in service to society. In addition to its main location in Brooklyn, NYU Tandon collaborates with other schools within NYU, one of the country’s foremost private research universities, and is closely connected to engineering programs at NYU Abu Dhabi and NYU Shanghai. It operates Future Labs focused on start-up businesses in downtown Manhattan and Brooklyn and an award-winning online graduate program. For more information, visit \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://engineering.nyu.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://engineering.nyu.edu/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">engineering.nyu.edu\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"fe08\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">About the Henry Luce Foundation\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"edf2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.hluce.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.hluce.org/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Henry Luce Foundation\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> seeks to enrich public discourse by promoting innovative scholarship, cultivating new leaders, and fostering international understanding. The Foundation advances its mission through grantmaking and leadership programs in the fields of Asia, higher education, religion and theology, art, and public policy. Established in 1936 by Henry R. Luce, the co-founder and editor-in-chief of Time, Inc., the Foundation’s earliest work honored his parents, missionary educators in China. The Foundation’s programs today reflect the value Mr. Luce placed on learning, leadership, and long-term commitment in philanthropy.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b856\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">About The Governance Lab at the NYU Tandon School of Engineering\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3201\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Governance Lab’s mission is to improve people’s lives by changing the way we govern. Our goal at The GovLab is to strengthen the ability of institutions — including but not limited to governments — and people to work more openly, collaboratively, effectively, and legitimately to make better decisions and solve public problems. We believe that increased availability and use of data, new ways to leverage the capacity, intelligence, and expertise of people in the problem-solving process, combined with new advances in technology and science, can transform governance. We approach each challenge and opportunity in an interdisciplinary, collaborative way, irrespective of the problem, sector, geography, and level of government. For more information, visit \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">thegovlab.org\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/starting-with-nyc-new-initiative-weighs-pros-and-cons-of-data-re-use-for-covid-19-and-future",{"title":2005,"description":2008},"starting-with-nyc-new-initiative-weighs-pros-and-cons-of-data-re-use-for-covid-19-and-future","blogposts/starting-with-nyc-new-initiative-weighs-pros-and-cons-of-data-re-use-for-covid-19-and-future","4Wh8Qo8LngzgTPUWuckf3Xd881ecrY2LqNCDZnAWEvw",{"id":2018,"title":2019,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2020,"body":34,"category":99,"date":2021,"description":2022,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2019,"image":2023,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2024,"meta":2025,"navigation":15,"path":2026,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2027,"slug":2028,"startTime":34,"stem":2029,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2030},"blogposts/blogposts/announcing-a-new-hub-around-data4covid19.json","Announcing a New Hub Around Data4COVID19",[],"2020-06-22T17:17:01","Today, we're happy to launch a new hub for The GovLab's #Data4COVID19 efforts at data4covid19.org. This site brings together our efforts...","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Nt3ZZ_YhCCGtHUsa","\n\u003Csection name=\"d6d9\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"9451\" id=\"9451\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Announcing a New Hub Around Data4COVID19\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"45a1\" id=\"45a1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Three months ago, COVID-19 brought much of the world to a halt. Faced with the unprecedented challenges brought by the virus, The GovLab put forth a \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/a-call-for-action-813669f32244\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/a-call-for-action-813669f32244\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">Call for Action\u003C/a> to develop the data infrastructure needed to address the pandemic and other dynamic threats. With our partners, we initiated several projects to achieve the goals outlined in the call.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"9f3a\" id=\"9f3a\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*Nt3ZZ_YhCCGtHUsa\" data-width=\"1243\" data-height=\"887\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Nt3ZZ_YhCCGtHUsa\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"96ae\" id=\"96ae\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Today we are launching a new hub for The GovLab’s #Data4COVID19 efforts at \u003Ca href=\"https://data4covid19.org/\" data-href=\"https://data4covid19.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">data4covid19.org\u003C/a>. This site brings together our efforts to implement the Call for Action including developing a \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/WORKING-DRAFT-4.20-C4DC-Questions-to-Consider.pdf\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/WORKING-DRAFT-4.20-C4DC-Questions-to-Consider.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">governance\u003C/a> \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">framework\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/mapping-how-data-can-help-address-covid19-a7be2e631aec\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/mapping-how-data-can-help-address-covid19-a7be2e631aec\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">building\u003C/a> \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/opendatacharter/open-covid-19-data-461e1cbefbba\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/opendatacharter/open-covid-19-data-461e1cbefbba\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">capacity\u003C/a>, establishing data stewardship and a \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">network\u003C/a> of data stewards, and \u003Ca href=\"https://thedataassembly.org/\" data-href=\"https://thedataassembly.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">engaging\u003C/a> \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1a3Jz8jI37tTaDXHg5vv5tpqvZ5ZCDdIKNwAKskqO2nI/edit#heading=h.w1advpbg0pvx\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1a3Jz8jI37tTaDXHg5vv5tpqvZ5ZCDdIKNwAKskqO2nI/edit#heading=h.w1advpbg0pvx\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">people\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e76a\" id=\"e76a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">You can also use the site to share your updates and efforts with The GovLab team or subscribe to our \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=9440a57cfc\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=9440a57cfc\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">newsletter\u003C/a> to stay informed.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/announcing-a-new-hub-around-data4covid19",{"title":2019,"description":2022},"announcing-a-new-hub-around-data4covid19","blogposts/announcing-a-new-hub-around-data4covid19","cMu_cXGS9ydB5JUWyTLZdfZ4liLoSIvTdXIKODw09YE",{"id":2032,"title":2033,"author":187,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2034,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2035,"description":2036,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2033,"image":34,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2037,"meta":2038,"navigation":15,"path":2039,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2040,"slug":2041,"startTime":34,"stem":2042,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2043},"blogposts/blogposts/todays-rembrandts-in-the-attic-unlocking-the-hidden-value-of-data.json","Today’s Rembrandts in the Attic: Unlocking the Hidden Value of Data",[],"2020-06-18T00:00:00","A shorter version of the below appeared in The Harvard Business Review on May 15, 2020","\u003Ch1 id=\"today’s-rembrandts-in-the-attic-unlocking-the-hidden-value-of-data-1\">\u003Cstrong>Today’s Rembrandts in the Attic: Unlocking the Hidden Value of Data\u003C/strong>\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>A shorter version of the below appeared in\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://hbr.org/2020/05/unlock-the-hidden-value-of-your-data\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> \u003Cem>The Harvard Business Review\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>on May 15, 2020\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Twenty years ago, Kevin Rivette and David Kline wrote a book about the hidden value contained within companies’ underutilized patents. These patents, Rivette and Kline argued, represented “\u003Ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=jCLqq80CpwwC&pg=PR4&lpg=PR4&dq=Rembrandt+in+the+attic+unlocking+the+value+of+data&ots=XsCxUjWArq&sig=ACfU3U3z-x4a9-y7UvT68tpzcliai90wJA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwijwdO8hJDoAhWOl3IEHanHBysQ6AEwAnoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=Rembrandt%20in%20the%20attic%20unlocking%20the%20value%20of%20data&f=false\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Rembrandts in the Attic\u003C/a>” (the title of their book*). Patents, the authors suggested, shouldn’t be seen merely as defensive tools but also as monetizable assets that could be deployed in the quest for profits and competitive dominance. In \u003Ca href=\"https://hbswk.hbs.edu/archive/rembrandts-in-the-attic\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an interview\u003C/a> given by the authors, they referred to patents as “the new currency of the knowledge economy.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>We are still living in the knowledge economy, and organizations are still trying to figure out how to unlock under-utilized assets. But today the currency has shifted: Today’s Rembrandts in the Attic are data. At the same time, the currency and the means of unlocking the value of data are quite different than with patentable innovations. Unlike patents, the key to harnessing data’s value is unlikely to be found in restrictive licensing approaches. Unlocking the value of data requires a new approach, one that recognizes that the value of data ultimately lies in access, collaboration, and application of data to solving a wide range of problems using tools like machine learning.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The vast amounts of data being generated today represent a vast repository of potential value (and danger), and not just monetary: there is tremendous social good to be unlocked as well. But do organizations — and more importantly, do we as a society — know how to unlock this value? Do we know how to find the insights hidden in our digital attics and use them to improve people’s lives? And how do we unlock these treasures in a manner that is societal beneficial?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>At \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The GovLab\u003C/a>, an action-oriented think tank located within NYU, we are dedicated to unleashing the societal value of data to improve decision making. Our work with corporations, governments, and non-profit organizations has convinced us of the tremendous potential (and risks) of this data, and also that the potential remains largely unfulfilled.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In what follows, we outline four steps that we think could help data stewards (we resist using the term “data owners”) to maximize the potential.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>If there is an overarching theme that emerges, it is about the value of \u003Cem>re-using\u003C/em>. In recent years, several countries have witnessed the rise of an open data movement, and a growing number of organizations have taken steps to release or made accessible previously siloed data sets. Despite occasional trepidation on the part of data holders, \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">our research\u003C/a> has repeatedly shown that such efforts can be value-enhancing — both for data holders and for society at large. Better and more transparent re-use of data is arguably the single most important measure we can take to unleash the full possibilities of data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"1-develop-new-methodologies-to-identify-and-measure-the-value-of-data\">\u003Cstrong>1. Develop new methodologies to identify and measure the value of data\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>The first step required to fulfill this potential is for all stakeholders to arrive at a better understanding of just what we mean by value. Today there exists widespread consensus that data \u003Cem>is\u003C/em> valuable. Despite such agreement, however, there exists no equally accepted method for calculating or estimating the value of data. Such a consensus must be arrived at through a broad process of consultation that involves data holders and users from all sectors, as well as policymakers, researchers and academics, and civil society or other groups representing the public interest.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>One important consideration is what variables or indices to use. While data may have monetary worth, it can also have what a \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bennettinstitute.cam.ac.uk/media/uploads/files/Value_of_data_summary_report_26_Feb.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recent report by the Bennett Institute for Public policy\u003C/a> refers to as “social welfare” value, which means that unlocking or sharing data could contribute to “the wellbeing of all society.” These two forms of value — societal and monetary — may not always coincide. For example, in re-using data, an organization may surrender a certain amount of financial advantage (or incur an opportunity cost) even while contributing to the broader social welfare. To guide such difficult decisions, policymakers and society at large must determine broader metrics of valuation and consider how various metrics interact and sometimes clash. In addition to social and monetary value, other metrics to consider include potential harms that may result from releasing or sharing data; and the opportunity costs of \u003Cem>not\u003C/em> re-using data. All these metrics co-exist in a delicate balance. Considered together, they can help organizations determine the true value of data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"2-develop-enabling-ecosystems-and-collaborative-frameworks-to-move-from-extraction-to-co-creation-of-value\">\u003Cstrong>2. Develop enabling ecosystems and collaborative frameworks to move from extraction to co-creation of value\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>Unlike physical assets, data goods are non-rivalrous and intangible, which means that they can be shared without depriving their original holders of benefit. The process of maximizing under-utilized data assets will therefore often involve arriving at new institutions and frameworks to enable data collaboration and what we call “co-creation of value.” This concept of co-creation is not new and various experts have called for the creation of new institutions to facilitate it in different sectors. In her book, \u003Ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=KQMrCgAAQBAJ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003Cem>The Entrepreneurial State\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, University College London Professor Mariana Mazzucato argues that such a framework is necessary to bring the public and private sectors together to spur innovation. She writes:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>“Creating a symbiotic (more mutualistic) public–private innovation ecosystem thus requires new methods, metrics and indicators to evaluate public investments and their results. Without the right tools for evaluating investments, governments have a hard time knowing when they are merely operating in existing spaces and when they are making things happen that would not have happened otherwise. The result: investments that are too narrow, constrained by the prevailing path-dependent, techno-economic paradigm.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Data use can operate the same way, bringing together different institutions from the public and private sector to find new, innovative approaches through what we call “data collaboratives.” We outline some specifics of these institutions and frameworks below. The broader goal is to create new ecosystems of sharing that move beyond legacy models of value extraction and asset hoarding.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Drawing on the analogy with patents (those earlier “Rembrandts in the attic”), it is worth pointing out in this context the dangers and risks of \u003Cem>not\u003C/em> sharing. While patents can be competitive assets for companies, they also often block innovation and prevent true competition from emerging. In much the same way, data hoarding can result in broader societal and monetary losses. These losses may ultimately rebound on the data holders themselves, who fail to benefit from missed-out innovations or breakthroughs.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"3-innovate-with-new-data-collaborations-and-re-use-conditions\">\u003Cstrong>3. Innovate with new data collaborations and re-use conditions\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>In order to enable sharing, we need new structures that foster partnerships and more collaborative approaches. The old model of single-ownership is outdated and no longer conducive to maximizing the value of data assets. Data holders are also unlikely to foster public value creation by simply auctioning off their “Rembrandts” to the highest, most well-resourced bidder. \u003Ca href=\"#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Several structures have been proposed\u003C/a>, including data co-ops, data commons and (our preferred term at The GovLab) \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/existing-practices.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">data collaboratives\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Data collaboration can take many forms. In \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/existing-practices.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">our typology\u003C/a>, we generally focus on two defining variables: engagement and accessibility. The first variable, \u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>engagement\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> , refers to the degree to which the data supply and demand actors co-design the use of corporate data assets. We find that collaboration is often independent, in that the private-sector holder has little to no involvement in data re-use, cooperative, in that data suppliers and data users work together, and directed, in that the data holder seeks a specific product. The second variable, \u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>accessibility\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> , the extent to which external parties can access private data. Within it, we find that data is either open access, in that there are few restrictions on who can see it, or restricted, in that only pre-selected partners received unfettered access.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>From these variables, a variety of models emerge. For data collaboratives where there is both independent data usage and open access, we see public interfaces such as APIs, which the startup Numina uses in its\u003Ca href=\"https://numina.co/api/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Street Intelligence \u003C/a>initiative, and data platforms, such as \u003Ca href=\"https://numina.co/api/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Uber Movement\u003C/a>. Data collaboratives with open access and directed use often are prizes and challenges in which companies make data available to individuals who compete to develop apps. These competitions can be open challenges that allow participation from the public, such as the \u003Ca href=\"https://specialedition.linkedin.com/details\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">LinkedIn Economic Graph Challenge\u003C/a>, or more selective challenges directed at a few trusted partners, such as the \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/orange-telecom-data-for-development-challenge-d4d.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Orange Telecom Data for Development Challenge\u003C/a>. Other models include data pools, trusted intermediaries, research and analysis partnerships, and intelligence generation ventures.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>While each of these frameworks has its distinguishing characteristics, they all share a commitment to developing fresh forms of data management and re-use conditions, including \u003Ca href=\"https://news.microsoft.com/datainnovation/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new sharing agreements\u003C/a> and licensing provisions. They begin from a recognition that data is in many respects unlike conventional assets, and that more sophisticated forms of governance and value-maximization are required in order to work through some of the tradeoffs and competing valuation metrics. In particular, these new partnerships and holding entities can help balance the private (often monetary) value of data holders and the wider societal benefits of sharing.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>A variety of barriers stands in the way of streamlining open and re-using data, including the absence of an enabling and scalable policy and legislative agenda, the lack of internal capacity and limited access to external expertise and resources. And at a time of increased data asymmetries, and the growing need for data to develop artificial intelligence we need to develop new intermediaries that can help to lower these barriers and build a center of expertise that is available to all; and democratizes data availability.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Those focused on enabling data collaboration should also take a page from the open source software movement. Open source has become the default business model thanks to the existence of flexible yet trusted policy and legal instrument, concepts of good stewardship, and an ethos of collaboration and peer-learning.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"4-identify-and-nurture-data-stewards\">\u003Cstrong>4. Identify and nurture data stewards\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>As data collaboratives and other similar structures gain increasing validity, it is becoming clear that new human and institutional roles will be required to foster them (and more generally to encourage a culture of sharing). In our work at the GovLab, we have identified a key role within data holding organizations for what we call \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/wanted-data-stewards.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003Cem>data stewards\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>.\u003C/em> As the European Commission’s \u003Ca href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/experts-say-privately-held-data-available-european-union-should-be-used-better-and-more\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">High-Level Expert Group on Business-to-Government Data Sharing\u003C/a> recognizes, these individuals or teams empowered to proactively initiate, facilitate, and coordinate data sharing are essential to using cross-organizational and cross-sector data toward the public interest.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Data stewards can be seen as the curators of the “Rembrandts” held by a business or institution. They are individuals or groups who manage data within their organizations, and whose specific remit is to maximize both the societal and monetary value of data assets by fostering collaboration and sharing, with an eye to maximizing both societal and monetary value. Among other responsibilities and roles, data stewards can identify under-utilized data that may have potential value; locate and foster partnerships to help unlock that value; and ensure a responsible framework that balances potential benefits of sharing against possible risks such as harms to privacy or security.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>*\u003Ca href=\"http://www.idfcinstitute.org/about/people/team/venkatesh-hariharan/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Venkatesh Hariharan \u003C/a>reminded me of the book during a fascinating discussion at The GovLab on governance and data collaboratives, which was in part the inspiration for this blog.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>** Thanks also to Andrew Young, Dave Green, Akash Kapur, Michelle Winowatan and Andrew Zahuranec for their input.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/todays-rembrandts-in-the-attic-unlocking-the-hidden-value-of-data",{"title":2033,"description":2036},"todays-rembrandts-in-the-attic-unlocking-the-hidden-value-of-data","blogposts/todays-rembrandts-in-the-attic-unlocking-the-hidden-value-of-data","4vowpzvI4-yiogrgNbEB1FS66LdV1o_hnlQipKpFII8",{"id":2045,"title":2046,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2047,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2048,"description":2049,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2046,"image":2050,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2051,"meta":2052,"navigation":15,"path":2053,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2054,"slug":2055,"startTime":34,"stem":2056,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2057},"blogposts/blogposts/ongoing-data-driven-efforts-to-address-racial-inequality.json","Ongoing Data-Driven Efforts to Address Racial Inequality",[],"2020-06-08T16:17:32","Many of the issues discussed in our topic map on racial inequality have been the focus by numerous organizations. As we seek to advance…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*kNReYqLJK0NN9ay2","\n\u003Csection name=\"66f5\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"6dbf\" id=\"6dbf\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Data-Driven Efforts to Address Racial Inequality\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"51c8\" id=\"51c8\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*kNReYqLJK0NN9ay2\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"500\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*kNReYqLJK0NN9ay2\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"32c9\" id=\"32c9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">This piece is a supplement to our previous post, \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/how-data-can-map-and-make-racial-inequality-more-visible-if-done-responsibly-9074ed84e2bf\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/how-data-can-map-and-make-racial-inequality-more-visible-if-done-responsibly-9074ed84e2bf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">How Data Can Map and Make Racial Inequality More Visible (If Done Responsibly)\u003C/a>. In that piece, we discussed various topics with data components related to racial equality. Those issues are already the focus by numerous organizations.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"77d9\" id=\"77d9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As we seek to advance the responsible use of data for racial injustice, we encourage individuals and organizations to support and build upon efforts already underway. We welcome additions to this listing — \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">you can share other organizations working on these issues using \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1e9WlbnRCWdZ-c73QXfIMFfar_IyjbMijQcGSopWFeLg/edit\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1e9WlbnRCWdZ-c73QXfIMFfar_IyjbMijQcGSopWFeLg/edit\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">this form\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>. With an initial, primary focus on the United States, we are especially interested in organizations whose work falls into four categories:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"3870\" id=\"3870\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Data-Driven Research\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d5de\" id=\"d5de\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Data Driven Activism and Advocacy\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e3d4\" id=\"e3d4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Data-Driven Journalism\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e188\" id=\"e188\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Data to Measure Racial Injustice\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"649a\" id=\"649a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">Examples are listed in alphabetical order.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"6079\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"5fe4\" id=\"5fe4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data-Driven Research:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"1122\" id=\"1122\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Center for Critical Race and Digital Studies (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://criticalracedigitalstudies.com/\" data-href=\"https://criticalracedigitalstudies.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://criticalracedigitalstudies.com/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: A New York University-affiliated network of scholars of color who explore the relationship between digital technologies and race, ethnicity, and identity.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8e89\" id=\"8e89\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Center for the Study of Racism, Social Justice & Health (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.racialhealthequity.org/data\" data-href=\"https://www.racialhealthequity.org/data\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://www.racialhealthequity.org/data\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: A University of California, Los Angeles research center working to “explain how racism and other social inequalities influence the health of diverse local, national and global populations.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"aaf0\" id=\"aaf0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Data for Black Lives (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"http://d4bl.org/\" data-href=\"http://d4bl.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">http://d4bl.org/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: A nonprofit group that uses data science to enable tangible improvements in the lives of Black people.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4840\" id=\"4840\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Digital Democracies Group \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">(\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"http://www.sfu.ca/digital-democracies/about.html\" data-href=\"http://www.sfu.ca/digital-democracies/about.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">http://www.sfu.ca/digital-democracies/about.html\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">): \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>A research group at Simon Fraser University that “integrates research in the humanities and data sciences to address questions of equality and social justice.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"951e\" id=\"951e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Digital Studies Institute & Precarity Collective (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://sites.lsa.umich.edu/collaboratory/2016/06/17/precarious-networks/\" data-href=\"https://sites.lsa.umich.edu/collaboratory/2016/06/17/precarious-networks/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://sites.lsa.umich.edu/collaboratory/2016/06/17/precarious-networks/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">): \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>An interdisciplinary research collaboratives based at University of Michigan studying “various forms of insecurity, vulnerability, and social and cultural exclusion arising from digital platforms.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"33b1\" id=\"33b1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">EqualHealth (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"http://www.equalhealth.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.equalhealth.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">http://www.equalhealth.org/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: A nonprofit that seeks to promote health equity by helping health professionals understand the “structural and social determinants of health.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b41a\" id=\"b41a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Health Equity & Media Lab (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"http://healthequitymedia.org\" data-href=\"http://healthequitymedia.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">http://healthequitymedia.org\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">): \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>A research lab based at the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing that taps into “the vast wealth of data that social media sites provide to glean insights into lived experiences and health behaviors.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8502\" id=\"8502\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Inequality.org\u003C/em> (\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://inequality.org/facts/racial-inequality/\" data-href=\"https://inequality.org/facts/racial-inequality/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">https://inequality.org/facts/racial-inequality/\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">): \u003C/strong>A project from the Institute for Policy Studies that provides “data, analysis, and commentary on income and wealth inequality,” including its \u003Ca href=\"https://inequality.org/facts/racial-inequality/\" data-href=\"https://inequality.org/facts/racial-inequality/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Racial Economic Inequality\u003C/a> facts page.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0c29\" id=\"0c29\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">National Fair Housing Alliance reports\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">(\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://nationalfairhousing.org/reports-research/\" data-href=\"https://nationalfairhousing.org/reports-research/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://nationalfairhousing.org/reports-research/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: Documents describing fair housing issues in the United States, including an annual snapshot of fair housing enforcement activities.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b203\" id=\"b203\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">National Neighborhood Indicators Partnership (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.neighborhoodindicators.org/activities/issues\" data-href=\"https://www.neighborhoodindicators.org/activities/issues\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://www.neighborhoodindicators.org/activities/issues\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: A collection of data-driven research produced by a network of organizations based in over 30 cities.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2006\" id=\"2006\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Othering & Belonging Institute at UC Berkeley’s Equity Metrics Program (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://belonging.berkeley.edu/equitymetrics\" data-href=\"https://belonging.berkeley.edu/equitymetrics\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://belonging.berkeley.edu/equitymetrics\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: A program developing data-driven research, diagnostic tools, and policy recommendations that seeks to “enhance our understanding of group-based marginality and structures of opportunity.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7649\" id=\"7649\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Partnership on AI (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.partnershiponai.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.partnershiponai.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://www.partnershiponai.org/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: A multi-stakeholder organization of academics, researchers, civil society organizations and companies creating and using AI technology to establish best practices for AI technologies, including addressing biases in data to make AI more transparent, fair and accountable.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"eb44\" id=\"eb44\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">PolicyLink (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.policylink.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.policylink.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://www.policylink.org/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: A “national research and action institute advancing racial and economic equity,” especially in low-income communities and communities of color, often through the use of data.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"933e\" id=\"933e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">SAFElab (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://safelab.socialwork.columbia.edu/\" data-href=\"https://safelab.socialwork.columbia.edu/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://safelab.socialwork.columbia.edu/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">): \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>A research initiative at Columbia University that uses qualitative approaches and computational methods, including natural language processing, to better understand “the phenomenon of violence in the lives of youth of color.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d522\" id=\"d522\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">The JUST DATA Lab (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.thejustdatalab.com/\" data-href=\"https://www.thejustdatalab.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://www.thejustdatalab.com/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: A group that seeks “to develop a humanistic approach to data conception, production, and circulation.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f05f\" id=\"f05f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Urban Strategies Council (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://urbanstrategies.org/\" data-href=\"https://urbanstrategies.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://urbanstrategies.org/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: An organization focusing on racial, social and economic equity with community stakeholders to eliminate poverty in the Bay Area in low-income neighborhoods.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"adde\" id=\"adde\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data-Driven Activism and Advocacy:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"51f5\" id=\"51f5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Algorithmic Justice League United (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.ajlunited.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.ajlunited.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://www.ajlunited.org/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: An organization that seeks to raise public awareness, equip advocates, and motivate policymakers to address and mitigate racist, sexist, and ableist bias in AI.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7853\" id=\"7853\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Center for Policing Equity (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://policingequity.org/what-we-do/research\" data-href=\"https://policingequity.org/what-we-do/research\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://policingequity.org/what-we-do/research\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>): “A national nonprofit organization eliminating bias in policing by measuring it.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7bbd\" id=\"7bbd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Center for the Study of Racism, Social Justice & Health (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.racialhealthequity.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.racialhealthequity.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://www.racialhealthequity.org/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: A collaborative research center based at UCLA investigating the role of racism and social inequalities on the disparate health implications for marginalized communities, using research, advocacy, and community engagement.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b6bd\" id=\"b6bd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Community Resource Hub (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://communityresourcehub.org/about/\" data-href=\"https://communityresourcehub.org/about/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://communityresourcehub.org\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: A platform that curates and publishes research and open government data to support grassroots activists and organizers to transform the criminal legal system.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2312\" id=\"2312\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Data-Driven Justice (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.naco.org/resources/signature-projects/data-driven-justice\" data-href=\"https://www.naco.org/resources/signature-projects/data-driven-justice\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://www.naco.org/resources/signature-projects/data-driven-justice\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: An initiative that “brings communities together to disrupt the cycle of incarceration and crisis,“ through aligning services systems around data.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c048\" id=\"c048\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Funders for Justice \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://fundersforjustice.org/\" data-href=\"https://fundersforjustice.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://fundersforjustice.org/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>: “A national network of funders increasing resources to grassroots organizations addressing the intersection of racial justice, gender justice, community safety, and policing.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"32b5\" id=\"32b5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Human Rights Data Analysis Group \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>(\u003Ca href=\"https://hrdag.org/\" data-href=\"https://hrdag.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://hrdag.org/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">): \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>A non-profit organization that applies scientific methods and analysis tools to human rights violation cases, producing an unbiased defense and scientific patterns of injustice.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ee21\" id=\"ee21\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Our Data Bodies (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.odbproject.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.odbproject.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://www.odbproject.org/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: A research team exploring how digital data collection affects re-entry, housing, public assistance, and community development issues.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"859f\" id=\"859f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Race Forward (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.raceforward.org/about\" data-href=\"https://www.raceforward.org/about\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://www.raceforward.org/about\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: A nonprofit network compiling research on racial justice issues to drive a systemic and innovative analysis to dismantle structural racial inequality.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2f9b\" id=\"2f9b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Sentencing Project (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.sentencingproject.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.sentencingproject.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://www.sentencingproject.org/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: A nonprofit organization targeting racial disparities in the carceral system and proposing alternatives to incarceration, using research and advocacy.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"310a\" id=\"310a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Southern Poverty Law Center (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.splcenter.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.splcenter.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://www.splcenter.org/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">): \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>A nonprofit legal advocacy that monitors and pursues cases against hate groups.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e883\" id=\"e883\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Vera Institute of Justice (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.vera.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.vera.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://www.vera.org/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: A nonprofit organization that uses cross-disciplinary methods to address mass incarceration and racial disparity, and support communities of color.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"6fcd\" id=\"6fcd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data-Driven Journalism\u003C/strong>:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"da46\" id=\"da46\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Reuters’s “For Cops Who Kill, Special Supreme Court Protection” (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/usa-police-immunity-scotus/\" data-href=\"https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/usa-police-immunity-scotus/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/usa-police-immunity-scotus/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: A 2020 investigative report that examines grants of qualified immunity in police excessive force cases in the 2005–2018 Supreme Court terms.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"af99\" id=\"af99\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">The Washington Post’s “Fatal Force” project \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>(\u003Ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/investigations/police-shootings-database/\" data-href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/investigations/police-shootings-database/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/investigations/police-shootings-database/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>): An effort by The Washington Post to document every fatal shooting by an on-duty police officer in the United States.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0edf\" id=\"0edf\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">The Washington Post’s “Where Killings Go Unsolved” project (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2018/investigations/where-murders-go-unsolved/?itid=lk_inline_manual_28\" data-href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2018/investigations/where-murders-go-unsolved/?itid=lk_inline_manual_28\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2018/investigations/where-murders-go-unsolved/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>): A 2018 report highlighting the disparate allocation of criminal justice resources, leading to a disproportionate number of unsolved Black homicides\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4b90\" id=\"4b90\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">ProPublica’s “Walking While Black” investigation (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/how-we-calculated-the-risks-of-walking-while-black\" data-href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/how-we-calculated-the-risks-of-walking-while-black\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://www.propublica.org/article/how-we-calculated-the-risks-of-walking-while-black\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: A piece of investigative journalism that uses data to show how law enforcement in Duval County, Florida disproportionately tickets Black people.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1c49\" id=\"1c49\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">ProPublica’s “Documenting Hate” project (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://projects.propublica.org/graphics/hatecrimes\" data-href=\"https://projects.propublica.org/graphics/hatecrimes\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://projects.propublica.org/graphics/hatecrimes\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">):\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> A collaboration between 200 professional newsrooms, college papers, and journalism schools to document hate crimes around the United States.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b6bb\" id=\"b6bb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Citizens Police Data Project (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://cpdp.co/\" data-href=\"https://cpdp.co/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://cpdp.co/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: An interactive online database created by the journalism production company Invisible Institute that “collects and publishes information about police misconduct in Chicago.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2eba\" id=\"2eba\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">The Marshall Project (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.themarshallproject.org/about?via=navright\" data-href=\"https://www.themarshallproject.org/about?via=navright\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://www.themarshallproject.org\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: “A nonpartisan, nonprofit news organization that seeks to create and sustain a sense of national urgency about the U.S. criminal justice system.”\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"8ee0\" id=\"8ee0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data to Measure Racial Injustice\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"737e\" id=\"737e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Anti-Eviction Mapping Project (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.antievictionmap.com/\" data-href=\"https://www.antievictionmap.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">https://www.antievictionmap.com/\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">): \u003C/strong>A collective working primarily in the San Francisco Bay Area, Los Angeles, and New York City that uses data visualization, data analysis, and storytelling to document “the dispossession and resistance upon gentrifying landscapes.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"624b\" id=\"624b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Jackson Heart Study (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.jacksonheartstudy.org\" data-href=\"https://www.jacksonheartstudy.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://www.jacksonheartstudy.org\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>: \u003C/strong>A collaboration between institutional partners, the National Institutes of Health, and the community of Jackson, Mississippi to use data to identify the environmental and genetic factors associated with cardiovascular disease and health disparities among African Americans.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f97d\" id=\"f97d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Justice Map (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"http://www.justicemap.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.justicemap.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">http://www.justicemap.org/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: An independent effort to map and visualize race and income data for each US neighborhood, county, and state; outputs include the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.spatialjusticetest.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.spatialjusticetest.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Spatial Justice Test for Race and Income\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"150d\" id=\"150d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Mapping Police Violence (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://mappingpoliceviolence.org/\" data-href=\"https://mappingpoliceviolence.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">https://mappingpoliceviolence.org/\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: An effort to collect all instances of individuals killed by law enforcement.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d5fe\" id=\"d5fe\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">The Stanford Open Policing Project (\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://openpolicing.stanford.edu/\" data-href=\"https://openpolicing.stanford.edu/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">https://openpolicing.stanford.edu/\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">): \u003C/strong>An interdisciplinary team of researchers and journalists based at Stanford University that collects and standardizes various policing data to enable statistical analysis and data journalism.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/ongoing-data-driven-efforts-to-address-racial-inequality",{"title":2046,"description":2049},"ongoing-data-driven-efforts-to-address-racial-inequality","blogposts/ongoing-data-driven-efforts-to-address-racial-inequality","62J44ah7cxrQ-ZnzlO9hjTa0EaM3QCZmO4B0rOtoTAg",{"id":2059,"title":2060,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2061,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2062,"description":2063,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2060,"image":2064,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2065,"meta":2066,"navigation":15,"path":2067,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2068,"slug":2069,"startTime":34,"stem":2070,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2071},"blogposts/blogposts/select-committee-on-the-modernization-of-congress-hosts-virtual-member-discussion.json","Select Committee on the Modernization of Congress Hosts Virtual Member Discussion",[],"2020-05-07T20:16:00","Members were joined by two guest speakers to discuss committee continuity and remote operations","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*D82R6wytYm2MZ50Ddp6OiA.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"34e6\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"3bab\" id=\"3bab\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Select Committee on the Modernization of Congress Hosts Virtual Member Discussion\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"d93e\" id=\"d93e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Members were joined by two guest speakers to discuss committee continuity and remote operations\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8a99\" id=\"8a99\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This release was originally written and distributed by \u003Ca href=\"https://modernizecongress.house.gov/\" data-href=\"https://modernizecongress.house.gov/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Select Committee on the Modernization of Congress\u003C/a> on May 7, 2020.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8b5e\" id=\"8b5e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Washington, D.C.\u003C/strong> — The Select Committee on the Modernization of Congress (“Select Committee”) held a virtual discussion with two guest speakers to discuss the importance of committee continuity and how to continue working effectively on behalf of the American people during the ongoing global pandemic. The Select Committee met virtually with Marci Harris, CEO of PopVox, and Beth Simone Noveck, Director of The Governance Lab and Chief Innovation Officer for the State of New Jersey. The Members and guests discussed best practices for remote committee and Member operations, and ways other legislatures around the world are handling business.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"273e\" id=\"273e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“It seems appropriate and important to talk about how we can continue working as a committee,” Chair Derek Kilmer (D-WA) said in his opening remarks. “Our work on behalf of the American people cannot, and I think we all know, should not stop as a result of this pandemic,” said Vice Chair Tom Graves (R-GA).\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"0d6a\" id=\"0d6a\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*D82R6wytYm2MZ50Ddp6OiA.jpeg\" data-width=\"873\" data-height=\"465\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*D82R6wytYm2MZ50Ddp6OiA.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Ca href=\"https://youtu.be/T2LNGDX5g-A\" data-href=\"https://youtu.be/T2LNGDX5g-A\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Click here to view the video\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"b12e\" id=\"b12e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Ms. Noveck shared best practices from state legislatures around the country, and innovative ways legislatures around the world have been operating remotely over the last few months. She highlighted a number of virtual platforms, like Microsoft Teams and Cisco WebEx, that have been used internationally in countries like Argentina, the United Kingdom, Ecuador, and Spain for legislative business. “The ongoing need to prepare for social distancing underscores the importance of ensuring that our legislative institutions are prepared to continue functioning through both the current challenges and those that lie ahead,” she said.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0526\" id=\"0526\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Over the last month, Ms. Harris has hosted mock remote hearings and mark-ups to test the capabilities these virtual platforms offer. She highlighted the usual technical issues that many Americans have experienced, such as needing to mute a line, or turn video capabilities on, but she also shared the positive feedback she received following each session. She highlighted the pros and cons for each session, and how to find workarounds for the in-person connection and interaction that many legislators rely on. “The main finding from our two mock hearings, as you’re demonstrating today, are not a question of technology, but of culture, process and will,” she said.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6d7d\" id=\"6d7d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Since the U.S. Capitol closed to public visitors and guests, and the majority of congressional offices moved to a modified telework operating status, the Select Committee has continued to hold Member-level discussions on committee priorities and ways to continue effectively working ahead of the October 30, 2020 committee report deadline.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8be8\" id=\"8be8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This post is part of a series on the Continuity of Legislatures. Find the whole series \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/continuity-of-legislatures-series-d9d86496fc39\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/continuity-of-legislatures-series-d9d86496fc39\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/select-committee-on-the-modernization-of-congress-hosts-virtual-member-discussion",{"title":2060,"description":2063},"select-committee-on-the-modernization-of-congress-hosts-virtual-member-discussion","blogposts/select-committee-on-the-modernization-of-congress-hosts-virtual-member-discussion","_iNb7mQgiKoh2yeQvA3UNv2PAPm7Uebx8rN2mZIeCy4",{"id":2073,"title":2074,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2075,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2076,"description":2077,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2074,"image":2078,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2079,"meta":2080,"navigation":15,"path":2081,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2082,"slug":2083,"startTime":34,"stem":2084,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2085},"blogposts/blogposts/from-idea-to-reality-why-we-need-an-open-data-policy-lab.json","From Idea to Reality: Why We Need an Open Data Policy Lab",[],"2020-04-21T12:05:45","By Stefaan G. Verhulst","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*4cxb9YTBtkVipD6mLrq_aw.gif","\n\u003Csection name=\"3f0a\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"9527\" id=\"9527\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">From Idea to Reality: Why We Need an Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"3ab2\" id=\"3ab2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">By Stefaan G. Verhulst\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"49dd\" id=\"49dd\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://opendatapolicylab.org\" data-href=\"http://opendatapolicylab.org\" class=\"graf-imageAnchor\" data-action=\"image-link\" data-action-observe-only=\"true\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*4cxb9YTBtkVipD6mLrq_aw.gif\" data-width=\"1280\" data-height=\"800\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*4cxb9YTBtkVipD6mLrq_aw.gif\">\u003C/a>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"9fd3\" id=\"9fd3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The belief that we are living in a data age — one characterized by unprecedented amounts of data, with unprecedented potential — has become mainstream. We regularly read phrases such as “\u003Ca href=\"https://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/inquirer/the-new-oil-data-is-the-worlds-most-valuable-resource/news-story/f386217a9c63ac5ee6e1473413e90bda\" data-href=\"https://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/inquirer/the-new-oil-data-is-the-worlds-most-valuable-resource/news-story/f386217a9c63ac5ee6e1473413e90bda\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">data is the most valuable commodity in the global economy\u003C/a>” or that data provides decision-makers with an “\u003Ca href=\"https://www.ft.com/content/407f74b2-dfa8-11e9-b8e0-026e07cbe5b4\" data-href=\"https://www.ft.com/content/407f74b2-dfa8-11e9-b8e0-026e07cbe5b4\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">ever-swelling flood of information\u003C/a>.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"befd\" id=\"befd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Without a doubt, there is truth in such statements. But they also leave out a major shortcoming — the fact that much of the most useful data continue to remain inaccessible, hidden in silos, behind digital walls, and in untapped “\u003Ca href=\"https://dalberg.com/our-ideas/what-are-hidden-data-treasuries-and-how-can-they-help-development-outcomes\" data-href=\"https://dalberg.com/our-ideas/what-are-hidden-data-treasuries-and-how-can-they-help-development-outcomes\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">treasuries\u003C/a>.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"17ea\" id=\"17ea\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For close to a decade, the technology and public interest community have pushed the idea of \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">open data\u003C/em>. At its core, open data represents a new paradigm of data availability and access. The movement borrows from the language of open source and is rooted in notions of a “\u003Ca href=\"https://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/Knowledge_Commons\" data-href=\"https://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/Knowledge_Commons\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">knowledge commons\u003C/a>”, a concept developed, among others, by scholars like Nobel Prize winner Elinor Ostrom.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"6182\" id=\"6182\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Milestones and Limitations in Open Data\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"6f22\" id=\"6f22\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Significant milestones have been achieved in the short history of the open data movement. Around the world, an ever-increasing number of governments at the local, state and national levels now release large datasets for the public’s benefit. For example, New York City requires that all public data be published on a single web portal. The current\u003Ca href=\"https://opendata.cityofnewyork.us/\" data-href=\"https://opendata.cityofnewyork.us/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> portal site\u003C/a> contains thousands of datasets that fuel projects on topics as diverse as\u003Ca href=\"https://opendata.cityofnewyork.us/projects/what-we-learned-from-open-data-on-bullying-and-harassment-in-nyc-schools/\" data-href=\"https://opendata.cityofnewyork.us/projects/what-we-learned-from-open-data-on-bullying-and-harassment-in-nyc-schools/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> school bullying\u003C/a>,\u003Ca href=\"https://opendata.cityofnewyork.us/projects/open-sewer-atlas-nyc/\" data-href=\"https://opendata.cityofnewyork.us/projects/open-sewer-atlas-nyc/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> sanitation\u003C/a>, and\u003Ca href=\"https://opendata.cityofnewyork.us/projects/stop-question-and-frisk-visualized/\" data-href=\"https://opendata.cityofnewyork.us/projects/stop-question-and-frisk-visualized/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> police conduct\u003C/a>. In California, the\u003Ca href=\"https://data.ca.gov/showcase/cal-fire-watershed-mapper\" data-href=\"https://data.ca.gov/showcase/cal-fire-watershed-mapper\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Forest Practice Watershed Mapper\u003C/a> allows users to track the impact of timber harvesting on aquatic life through the use of the state’s open data. Similarly, Denmark’s\u003Ca href=\"https://bbr.dk/forside/0/2\" data-href=\"https://bbr.dk/forside/0/2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Building and Dwelling Register\u003C/a> releases address data to the public free of charge, improving transparent property assessment for all interested parties.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b1a2\" id=\"b1a2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A growing number of private companies have also initiated or engaged in\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> “Data Collaborative”\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> \u003C/strong>projects to leverage their private data toward the public interest. For example, Valassis, a direct-mail marketing company, shared its massive address database with community groups in New Orleans to visualize and\u003Ca href=\"https://adage.com/article/news/junk-mail-rescue-orleans/130414/\" data-href=\"https://adage.com/article/news/junk-mail-rescue-orleans/130414/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> track block-by-block repopulation\u003C/a> rates after Hurricane Katrina. A wide number of data collaboratives are also currently\u003Ca href=\"http://data4covid19.org\" data-href=\"http://data4covid19.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> being launched\u003C/a> to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. Through its COVID-19 Data Collaborative Program, the location-intelligence company Cuebiq is providing researchers access to the company’s data to study, for instance, the impacts of social distancing policies in\u003Ca href=\"https://covid19mm.github.io/in-progress/2020/03/13/first-report-assessment.html\" data-href=\"https://covid19mm.github.io/in-progress/2020/03/13/first-report-assessment.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Italy\u003C/a> and\u003Ca href=\"http://curveflattening.media.mit.edu/posts/social-distancing-new-york-city/\" data-href=\"http://curveflattening.media.mit.edu/posts/social-distancing-new-york-city/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> New York City\u003C/a>. The health technology company Kinsa Health’s\u003Ca href=\"https://healthweather.us/?mode=Atypical\" data-href=\"https://healthweather.us/?mode=Atypical\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> US Health Weather\u003C/a> initiative is likewise visualizing the rate of fever across the United States using data from its network of Smart Thermometers, thereby providing early indications regarding the location of likely COVID-19 outbreaks.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"48a7\" id=\"48a7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Yet despite such initiatives, many open data projects (and data collaboratives) remain fledgling — especially those at the state and local level.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6938\" id=\"6938\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Among other issues, the field has trouble scaling projects beyond initial pilots, and many potential stakeholders — private sector and government “owners” of data, as well as public beneficiaries — remain skeptical of open data’s value. In addition, terabytes of potentially transformative data remain inaccessible for re-use. It is absolutely imperative that we continue to make the case to all stakeholders regarding the importance of open data, and of moving it from an interesting idea to an impactful reality. In order to do this, we need a new resource — one that can inform the public and data owners, and that would guide decision-makers on how to achieve open data in a responsible manner, without undermining privacy and other rights.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"82aa\" id=\"82aa\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*h4IzdZkw0ScazPYHIarLtA.jpeg\" data-width=\"5163\" data-height=\"2904\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*h4IzdZkw0ScazPYHIarLtA.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Photo by \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/@stairhopper?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/@stairhopper?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Alex Holyoake\u003C/a> on \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/s/photos/open-data?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/s/photos/open-data?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Unsplash\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"c278\" id=\"c278\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure\">Purpose of the Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"b702\" id=\"b702\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Today, with support from Microsoft and under the counsel of a \u003Ca href=\"https://www.covid19dataportal.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.covid19dataportal.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">global advisory board\u003C/a> of open data leaders, The GovLab is launching an initiative designed precisely to build such a resource.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"eb0f\" id=\"eb0f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Our \u003Ca href=\"http://opendatapolicylab.org\" data-href=\"http://opendatapolicylab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> will draw on lessons and experiences from around the world to \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">conduct analysis, provide guidance, build community, and take action \u003C/em>to accelerate the responsible re-use and opening of data for the benefit of society and the equitable spread of economic opportunity.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9e1f\" id=\"9e1f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Toward that end we will identify and disseminate best practices; develop and curate guidelines, toolkits, and frameworks to support more effective data provision and use; and implement proof-of-concept initiatives to improve our understanding of how to harness the power of open data to solve key societal challenges.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0b70\" id=\"0b70\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In addition, the \u003Ca href=\"http://opendatapolicylab.org\" data-href=\"http://opendatapolicylab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/a> will foster a community of data stewards, chief data officers, and other decision-makers within the public and private sectors to share knowledge, undertake collaborative work, and spur responsible data sharing.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bb0e\" id=\"bb0e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In launching this Lab, our goal is to disseminate information, and more generally to work toward making manifest the many potential benefits of open data. By providing a community and a set of demand-driven initiatives, we hope to bring about genuine social, economic, and political transformation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0494\" id=\"0494\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We’d love to have you join us on this journey. If you are interested, there are three ways to engage:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"8f60\" id=\"8f60\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">If you create policy, manage or otherwise control data at an institution, join us as a \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">data steward partner\u003C/strong> and connect with responsible data leaders seeking ways to create public value through data re-use and collaboration.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c47b\" id=\"c47b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">If you are studying open data or data re-use, join us as a \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">research partner\u003C/strong> and help us build and act upon the Open Data Policy Lab research and policy agenda.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3b32\" id=\"3b32\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">If you are part of an institution seeking to advance the field of open data, support the Open Data Policy Lab by becoming a \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">funding partner\u003C/strong>.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"1e63\" id=\"1e63\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">Over the next few months, we will release our first resources, followed by regular updates and targeted interventions based upon feedback from users and policymakers. \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=7213f68ab3\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=7213f68ab3\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Sign up here to receive updates\u003C/a> and early releases from the Open Data Policy Lab, or get in touch with us at opendatapolicylab [at] the govlab.org.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/from-idea-to-reality-why-we-need-an-open-data-policy-lab",{"title":2074,"description":2077},"from-idea-to-reality-why-we-need-an-open-data-policy-lab","blogposts/from-idea-to-reality-why-we-need-an-open-data-policy-lab","SU1jdIBN5RqAhRXp66aQf7twVqRpTKxurIDCC_l2DsE",{"id":2087,"title":2088,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2089,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2090,"description":2091,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2088,"image":2092,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2093,"meta":2094,"navigation":15,"path":2095,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2096,"slug":2097,"startTime":34,"stem":2098,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2099},"blogposts/blogposts/open-data-index-10-insights-on-the-value-of-open-data.json","Open Data Index: 10 Insights on the Value of Open Data",[],"2020-04-21T11:47:24","By Stefaan Verhulst, Michelle Winowatan, Andrew Young, Andrew J. Zahuranec, and Alexandra Shaw","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*276lJok8ngM1vKYyTyUnNQ.jpeg","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"689f\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--h3-em\">Open Data Index: 10 Insights on the Value of Open Data\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"09b5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">By Stefaan Verhulst, Michelle Winowatan, Andrew Young, Andrew J. Zahuranec, and Alexandra Shaw\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"26cf\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*276lJok8ngM1vKYyTyUnNQ.jpeg\" data-image-id=\"1*276lJok8ngM1vKYyTyUnNQ.jpeg\" data-width=\"2768\" data-height=\"1848\" data-is-featured=\"true\">\n\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Photo by \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" href=\"https://unsplash.com/@mbaumi?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/@mbaumi?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\">Mika Baumeister\u003C/a> on \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" href=\"https://unsplash.com/?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\">Unsplash\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"3ffc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">What’s the value of open data? For the last few years, The GovLab has curated and identified hundreds of \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://ogrx.org/categories/open-data.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://ogrx.org/categories/open-data.html\">studies\u003C/a> on the use and value of opening up data while conducting numerous detailed case studies seeking to understand what makes open data impactful (See the summary of findings of these case studies \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/open-data-impact-key-findings.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/open-data-impact-key-findings.pdf\">here\u003C/a>).\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"18f2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For the launch of the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\">Open Data Policy Lab\u003C/a>, we went through these studies again and selected 10 insights that have statistical and numerical evidence and estimates on the wide-ranging value of open data — with a particular focus on open government data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f6d4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The below is not meant to be comprehensive. We focused on the available quantifiable statistics describing open data’s value (and its potential) instead of anecdotal and qualitative evidence. There are many more use cases for open data — see, for instance, the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.stateofopendata.od4d.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.stateofopendata.od4d.net/\">State of Open Data\u003C/a> as well as our book \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://odimpact.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/\">The Global Impact of Open Data\u003C/a> for a comprehensive overview of the use of open data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"918d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In subsequent blogs, we will consider the potential risks and limitations of open data, as well as the conditions and policies needed to unlock and increase the value of re-using data at the local, state and national levels. The 10 insight include:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8269\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">1. OPENING DATA CAN FUEL ECONOMIC GROWTH\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"76a3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">The estimated increase in GDP resulting from opening up public data in the United Kingdom: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://theodi.org/article/research-the-economic-value-of-open-versus-paid-data/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://theodi.org/article/research-the-economic-value-of-open-versus-paid-data/\">0.4–1.4%\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"32e1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Indirect social and economic benefits of public sector information in the UK:: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/shakespeare-review-of-public-sector-information\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/shakespeare-review-of-public-sector-information\">GBP 6.8 billion\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"1420\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Direct value of (open) public sector information in the UK: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/shakespeare-review-of-public-sector-information\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/shakespeare-review-of-public-sector-information\">GBP 1.8 billion\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"5a2f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Average annual growth in data investment in Canada from 2015 to 2018: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/190710/dq190710a-eng.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/190710/dq190710a-eng.htm\">6.2%\u003C/a>, as compared to the average annual growth in machinery and equipment (+2.2%), non-residential buildings (+2.0%), engineering structures (-4.7%) and research and development (+0.5%)\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"d6b2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The global annual value open data could be generated across seven key sectors (education, transportation, consumer products, electricity, oil and gas, health care, and consumer finance): \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/mckinsey-digital/our-insights/open-data-unlocking-innovation-and-performance-with-liquid-information\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/mckinsey-digital/our-insights/open-data-unlocking-innovation-and-performance-with-liquid-information\">USD 3 trillion\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"0dec\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The value of the stock of data, databases, and data science in Canada in 2018: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/190710/dq190710a-eng.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/190710/dq190710a-eng.htm\">CAD 217 billion\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"f15c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Estimated aggregate direct and indirect economic benefits of open public sector information among the EU27 in 2008: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/review-recent-studies-psi-reuse-and-related-market-developments\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/review-recent-studies-psi-reuse-and-related-market-developments\">EUR 200 billion\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"3a32\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The contribution of open data policies to Australia’s cumulative GDP growth: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.omidyar.com/sites/default/files/file_archive/insights/ON%20Report_061114_FNL.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.omidyar.com/sites/default/files/file_archive/insights/ON%20Report_061114_FNL.pdf\">AUD 16 billion per annum\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"11b2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">2. OPEN DATA CAN INCREASE INSTITUTIONAL ACCOUNTABILITY\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"0153\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Reduction of the costs of corruption, by both reducing its private returns and making it easier to detect, through open data: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.omidyar.com/sites/default/files/file_archive/insights/ON%20Report_061114_FNL.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.omidyar.com/sites/default/files/file_archive/insights/ON%20Report_061114_FNL.pdf\">10%\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"38a4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Percent of US adults who believe open data will improve government accountability: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2015/04/21/open-government-data/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2015/04/21/open-government-data/\">66%\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"fe86\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Amount of unlawful fines discovered through the analysis of open data from the New York City Police Department: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://iquantny.tumblr.com/post/144197004989/the-nypd-was-systematically-ticketing-legally\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://iquantny.tumblr.com/post/144197004989/the-nypd-was-systematically-ticketing-legally\">USD 1.7 million\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"581d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Increase in press coverage about public procurement oversight in Slovakia following the opening of the country’s government contracting data: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-open-contracting-and-procurement-in-slovakia.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-open-contracting-and-procurement-in-slovakia.html\">25%\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"aedd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Impact of publicly released audit reports revealing corruption on the likelihood of reelection for incumbent mayors in Brazil: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://eml.berkeley.edu/~ffinan/Finan_Audit.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://eml.berkeley.edu/~ffinan/Finan_Audit.pdf\">-7% on average; -14% for municipalities with three violations\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"b3cb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">3. OPEN DATA CAN IMPROVE PUBLIC SERVICES\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"c6b1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Relationship between a point increase in the Open Data Barometer and increase in accountability as measured on the Mo Ibrahim Index of African Governance: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3430479\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3430479\">.375-point increase in accountability for each 1-point increase on the Open Data Barometer\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"ea01\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Relationship between a point increase in the Open Data Barometer and increase in education service provision, as assessed by the Mo Ibrahim Index of African Governance: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3430479\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3430479\">0.201-point increase for each 1-point increase on the Open Data Barometer\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"c7ed\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Impact of increased information access and reporting on infant mortality program in Uganda: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/739811468318587268/pdf/WPS7015.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/739811468318587268/pdf/WPS7015.pdf\">36% reduction in deaths\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"e5a6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Lives saved in the EU28+ by faster emergency response resulting from open maps data and open real-time traffic data: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.europeandataportal.eu/sites/default/files/the-economic-impact-of-open-data.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.europeandataportal.eu/sites/default/files/the-economic-impact-of-open-data.pdf\">54,000–202,000\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"6b7f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">4. OPEN DATA CAN INCREASE PUBLIC REVENUES\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"2357\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Public sector cost savings in the European Union resulting from the use of open data in the development of automatic neural machine translation: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.europeandataportal.eu/sites/default/files/the-economic-impact-of-open-data.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.europeandataportal.eu/sites/default/files/the-economic-impact-of-open-data.pdf\">EUR 1.1 billion\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"98b4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The estimated economic value of opening access to the Australia Bureau of Statistics’ data and publications: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.ands.org.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/394285/houghton-cost-benefit-study.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.ands.org.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/394285/houghton-cost-benefit-study.pdf\">AUD $25 million\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"5bc3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Amount of money saved by the city of San Francisco per year after opening up real-time transit data: \u003Ca href=\"https://sfmindspace.en-html.org/better-government/opendata-and-real-time-information-saves-san-francisco-over-1-million/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">USD 1 million\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"dc19\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Hours saved in public transport in the EU by the opening of real-time public transport data: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.europeandataportal.eu/sites/default/files/the-economic-impact-of-open-data.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.europeandataportal.eu/sites/default/files/the-economic-impact-of-open-data.pdf\">27 million hours\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"3259\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">5. OPEN DATA CAN IMPROVE HEALTH AND THE HEALTH SECTOR\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"4a52\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">The decrease in infections in the United Kingdom following the opening up of the infection statistics of all hospitals and the hospitals with the worst infection status: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.capgemini.com/us-en/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2017/08/the_open_data_economy_unlocking_economic_value_by_opening_government_and_public_data.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.capgemini.com/us-en/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2017/08/the_open_data_economy_unlocking_economic_value_by_opening_government_and_public_data.pdf\">5,000 patients to fewer than 1,200 annually\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"baac\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Reduction in central line-associated bloodstream infections in the United States following the implementation of mandatory public reporting of hospital-acquired infections: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.chcf.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/PDF-InPlainSightOpenData.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.chcf.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/PDF-InPlainSightOpenData.pdf\">46%\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"69f4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The time required to produce district-level childhood obesity surveillance report after the New York health officials made the state’s Student Weight Status Category Reporting data available openly: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267887746_Harnessing_the_Power_of_Open_Data_Results_from_Dissemination_of_School_District_Student_Obesity_Data_in_New_York_State\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267887746_Harnessing_the_Power_of_Open_Data_Results_from_Dissemination_of_School_District_Student_Obesity_Data_in_New_York_State\">From two years to one\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"e09f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The estimated annual value of the United Kingdom’s National Health Services’ datasets to the United Kingdom: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.ey.com/en_us/life-sciences/how-we-can-place-a-value-on-health-care-data\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.ey.com/en_us/life-sciences/how-we-can-place-a-value-on-health-care-data\">GBP 5 billion\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"f65f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The estimated annual value of the United Kingdom’s National Health Services’ datasets to patients: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.ey.com/en_us/life-sciences/how-we-can-place-a-value-on-health-care-data\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.ey.com/en_us/life-sciences/how-we-can-place-a-value-on-health-care-data\">GBP 4.6 billion\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"6254\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Healthcare costs saved in the EU28+ due to faster first aid by bystanders enabled by open-data based CPR guidance apps: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.europeandataportal.eu/sites/default/files/the-economic-impact-of-open-data.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.europeandataportal.eu/sites/default/files/the-economic-impact-of-open-data.pdf\">EUR 312,000–400,000\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"b231\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">6. OPEN DATA CAN CREATE JOBS, AND DECREASE LABOR COSTS\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"bb34\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">The estimated amount of newly created open data jobs in the EU28+ between 2016 and 2020: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.europeandataportal.eu/sites/default/files/edp_creating_value_through_open_data_0.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.europeandataportal.eu/sites/default/files/edp_creating_value_through_open_data_0.pdf\">25,000\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"f46d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Labor costs saved in the EU28+ due to reducing time stuck in traffic with real-time traffic navigation based on open data: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.europeandataportal.eu/sites/default/files/the-economic-impact-of-open-data.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.europeandataportal.eu/sites/default/files/the-economic-impact-of-open-data.pdf\">EUR 13.7–20 billion\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"a834\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">7. OPEN DATA CAN INCREASE ENERGY EFFICIENCY\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"1be1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">The energy that could be saved in the EU28+ by the opening of energy consumption data: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.europeandataportal.eu/sites/default/files/the-economic-impact-of-open-data.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.europeandataportal.eu/sites/default/files/the-economic-impact-of-open-data.pdf\">5.8 million tons of oil equivalent\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"ce13\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The estimated potential value of open data in promoting optimal use of solar panels on rooftops: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.europeandataportal.eu/sites/default/files/the-economic-impact-of-open-data.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.europeandataportal.eu/sites/default/files/the-economic-impact-of-open-data.pdf\">EUR 79.6 billion\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"b88b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">8. OPEN DATA CAN IMPROVE THE VALUE OF RESEARCH\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"8588\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Cost of time spent searching for research data that is not Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR) in the European Union: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d375368c-1a0a-11e9-8d04-01aa75ed71a1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d375368c-1a0a-11e9-8d04-01aa75ed71a1\">EUR 4.5 billion per year\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"0c41\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Cost from redundant storage of non-FAIR research data: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d375368c-1a0a-11e9-8d04-01aa75ed71a1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d375368c-1a0a-11e9-8d04-01aa75ed71a1\">EUR 5.3 billion per year\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"8ee5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Cost from license costs of non-FAIR research data: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d375368c-1a0a-11e9-8d04-01aa75ed71a1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d375368c-1a0a-11e9-8d04-01aa75ed71a1\">EUR 360 million per year\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"2d69\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Cost from retractions of non-FAIR research: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d375368c-1a0a-11e9-8d04-01aa75ed71a1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d375368c-1a0a-11e9-8d04-01aa75ed71a1\">EUR 4.4 million per year\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"a777\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Annual value identified by the European Bioinformatics Institute to users and funders from making scientific information freely available to the global life-science community: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/research/press/2016/pdf/opendata-infographic_072016.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/research/press/2016/pdf/opendata-infographic_072016.pdf\">EUR 1.3 billion\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"7b81\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Increase in citations to research papers with underlying data made openly accessible relative those using closed data: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.02565\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.02565\">25%\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"9dec\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The estimated annual value generated from Australia’s Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation’s Data Access Portal: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://publications.csiro.au/publications/#publication/PIcsiro:EP168075\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://publications.csiro.au/publications/#publication/PIcsiro:EP168075\">AUD 67 million annually\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"6621\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The annual value of data in Australia’s public research, based on 2011 expenditures and activity: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.ands.org.au/working-with-data/articulating-the-value-of-open-data/open-research-data-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.ands.org.au/working-with-data/articulating-the-value-of-open-data/open-research-data-report\">AUD 1.9–6 billion\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"7573\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">9. OPEN DATA CAN CREATE ECONOMIC VALUE IN THE GEOSPATIAL SECTOR\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"e341\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Economic value from the use of UK’s National Mapping Agency Ordnance Survey data: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://www.worldbank.org/content/dam/Worldbank/document/Open-Data-for-Economic-Growth.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.worldbank.org/content/dam/Worldbank/document/Open-Data-for-Economic-Growth.pdf\">GBP 100 billion\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"9c9c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Estimated annual tax revenue in the commercial weather service sector in Europe, resulting from the opening up of meteorological data: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/met.1470\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/met.1470\">EUR 300 million\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"de4a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Direct financial benefits of opening access to address data for the period 2005–2009 to the people of Denmark: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-denmarks-open-address-data-set.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-denmarks-open-address-data-set.html\">EUR 62 million\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"3b94\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The estimated annual economic benefit to the United States if Landsat data was made openly available: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/landsat-benefits-u-s-economy-by-1-8-billion-per-year/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/landsat-benefits-u-s-economy-by-1-8-billion-per-year/\">USD 1.8 billion\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"cb37\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Rate of annual growth among architectural and engineering firms in countries where geographic data is available at marginal cost prices or free of charge: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://econpapers.repec.org/paper/rifdpaper/1260.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://econpapers.repec.org/paper/rifdpaper/1260.htm\">15%\u003C/a> higher than firms in countries without open geographic data.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"fbfa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">10. OPEN DATA CAN ENABLE SOCIAL JUSTICE\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"1157\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Size of the settlement awarded to African American residents of Zanesville, Ohio after open GIS data helped prove access to clean water was inequitable along racial lines: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-kennedy-vs-the-city-of-zanesville-united-states.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-kennedy-vs-the-city-of-zanesville-united-states.html\">USD 10.9 million\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"8e5e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The amount of police stops made transparent by open data and provided by OpenDataPolicing.com, which has led to a decrease in the number of searches and use of force at stops: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://opendatapolicing.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicing.com/\">Over 49 million stops\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"4fdd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li graf--trailing\">New funding raised by Beyond the Bell, an education and social justice organization in Australia by documenting changes in community needs since 2012 using open data applications: \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https://seerdata.com.au/blog/11\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://seerdata.com.au/blog/11\">AUD 450,000\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/open-data-index-10-insights-on-the-value-of-open-data",{"title":2088,"description":2091},"open-data-index-10-insights-on-the-value-of-open-data","blogposts/open-data-index-10-insights-on-the-value-of-open-data","EXIhbXKgHrg6jedkLFDULf7a8NV4wFXzG0-q-be-dcM",{"id":2101,"title":2102,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2103,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2104,"description":2105,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2102,"image":2106,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2107,"meta":2108,"navigation":15,"path":2109,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2110,"slug":2111,"startTime":34,"stem":2112,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2113},"blogposts/blogposts/crowdlaw-communique-continuity-of-legislatures-april-2020.json","CrowdLaw Communique: Continuity of Legislatures (April 2020)",[],"2020-04-20T02:41:09","CrowdLaw Communiqué- A quarterly newsletter on open and participatory public-decisionmaking","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*0SVejYqcil1PmsS9.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"c3dd\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"7d9a\" id=\"7d9a\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">CrowdLaw Communiqué: Continuity of Legislatures (April 2020)\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"7cb8\" id=\"7cb8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">CrowdLaw Communiqué- A quarterly newsletter on open and participatory public-decisionmaking\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"258f\" id=\"258f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*0SVejYqcil1PmsS9.png\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"421\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*0SVejYqcil1PmsS9.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"dc7d\" id=\"dc7d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Designed for interested public officials, technologists, politicians and researchers, the CrowdLaw Communiqué features curated news, interviews, announcements, and recommended readings on the evolution of law and policymaking processes for the 21st century.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"69ed\" id=\"69ed\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">To share a story, please email us at crowdlaw@thegovlab.org\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"f290\" id=\"f290\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">IN THIS ISSUE\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"128b\" id=\"128b\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">1. Continuity in Congress\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"ec48\" id=\"ec48\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Video\u003C/strong>: \u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/d0e9a5513d42/crowdlaw-communiqu-continuity-in-legislatures#announcements\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/d0e9a5513d42/crowdlaw-communiqu-continuity-in-legislatures#announcements\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">An overview of how legislatures around the world are using technology to convene, deliberate, and vote remotely.\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8744\" id=\"8744\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Video\u003C/strong>: \u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/d0e9a5513d42/crowdlaw-communiqu-continuity-in-legislatures#mock-hearing\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/d0e9a5513d42/crowdlaw-communiqu-continuity-in-legislatures#mock-hearing\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Association of the Former Members of Congress organize “Simulated Remote Hearing\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"1c7d\" id=\"1c7d\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">2. Readings from the Field\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"2e86\" id=\"2e86\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--h4\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/continuity-in-congress-does-spain-lead-the-way-9344cc8cb39c?source=collection_home---4------3-----------------------\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/continuity-in-congress-does-spain-lead-the-way-9344cc8cb39c?source=collection_home---4------3-----------------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Continuity in Congress: Does Spain Lead the Way?\u003C/a> by Victòria Alsina Burgues and Dane Gambrell, The GovLab\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6d40\" id=\"6d40\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/testimony-of-beth-simone-noveck-a1c13a06ea9b\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/testimony-of-beth-simone-noveck-a1c13a06ea9b\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Testimony before a Mock Hearing of Congress on International Legislatures and their Use of Technology to Convene, Deliberate and Vote\u003C/a>, by Beth Simone Noveck, The GovLab\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"33c6\" id=\"33c6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-8874/\" data-href=\"https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-8874/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Coronavirus: Changes to practice and procedure in other parliaments\u003C/a> by the House of Commons Library\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6fef\" id=\"6fef\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncsl.org/research/about-state-legislatures/continuity-of-legislature-during-emergency.aspx\" data-href=\"https://www.ncsl.org/research/about-state-legislatures/continuity-of-legislature-during-emergency.aspx\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Continuity of Legislature During Emergency\u003C/a> by National Conference of State Legislatures\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"06cb\" id=\"06cb\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">3. Additional Resources\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"7d23\" id=\"7d23\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--h4\">The\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>Inter-Parliamentary Union — \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ipu.org/parliaments-in-time-pandemic\" data-href=\"https://www.ipu.org/parliaments-in-time-pandemic\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Parliaments in a time of pandemic\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"37ce\" id=\"37ce\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Demand Progress — \u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/d0e9a5513d42/crowdlaw-communiqu-continuity-in-legislatures#papers\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/d0e9a5513d42/crowdlaw-communiqu-continuity-in-legislatures#papers\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">continuityofcongress.org\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d338\" id=\"d338\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">First Branch Forecast \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">— \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://firstbranchforecast.com/\" data-href=\"https://firstbranchforecast.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://firstbranchforecast.com/\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"81ab\" id=\"81ab\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/16/us/politics/house-coronavirus-remote-voting.html\" data-href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/16/us/politics/house-coronavirus-remote-voting.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">House Democrats Back Changing Rules to Allow Remote Voting During Pandemic\u003C/a>(New York Times, April 16, 2020)\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"7909\" id=\"7909\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">4. Follow\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"995b\" id=\"995b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--h4\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/d0e9a5513d42/crowdlaw-communiqu-continuity-in-legislatures#follow\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/d0e9a5513d42/crowdlaw-communiqu-continuity-in-legislatures#follow\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The CrowdLaw Twitter list\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"406f\" id=\"406f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">To share a story, please email us at crowdlaw@thegovlab.org\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"1465\" id=\"1465\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">1. CONTINUITY OF CONGRESS\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"3f0b\" id=\"3f0b\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--h4\">\u003Ciframe src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/kOIjDEdco1E?feature=oembed\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"c52c\" id=\"c52c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">HOW LEGISLATURES AROUND THE WORLD ARE FUNCTIONING IN THE TIMES OF COVID-19\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cccd\" id=\"cccd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The following series of videos feature overviews of how legislatures around the world are using technology to convene, deliberate, and vote remotely. The first is led by Beth Simone Noveck of The GovLab and covers a variety of countries. The second features French Member of Parliament Paula Forteza who explains how the French National Assembly is responding to COVID-19 and conducting online committee hearings. The third features Cristiano Ferri, Founder of the Hacker Lab in the Brazilian House of Representatives, who describes how the Brazilian parliament is responding to COVID-19.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"3238\" id=\"3238\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p\">\u003Ciframe src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/1CsnlAeW0QI?feature=oembed\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/figure>\u003Cfigure name=\"5632\" id=\"5632\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--figure\">\u003Ciframe src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/2po7gmpgqsE?feature=oembed\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"6afd\" id=\"6afd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/congress-in-crisis-how-legislatures-are-continuing-to-meet-during-the-pandemic-66c2f7bf8e20\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/congress-in-crisis-how-legislatures-are-continuing-to-meet-during-the-pandemic-66c2f7bf8e20\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" title=\"Click here to learn more\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Click here to learn more\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"ab4b\" id=\"ab4b\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">Second “Mock” Hearing Convenes Experts to Discuss Remote Proceedings\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"a422\" id=\"a422\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">By Marci Harris, Co-founder and CEO, POPVOX\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"ad25\" id=\"ad25\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*4WFIg3X7AarY6knf.png\" data-width=\"1447\" data-height=\"416\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*4WFIg3X7AarY6knf.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"832e\" id=\"832e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">On April 16, former members of Congress participated in a “Mock Remote Hearing” exercise to test the viability of online proceedings during the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"afc9\" id=\"afc9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The event was co-chaired by Former Rep. Brian Baird [D, WA] and Former Rep. Bob Inglis [R, SC] and co-hosted by: AEI, \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/u/4de05807d957?source=post_page-----b9d9cd1a6f23----------------------\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/u/4de05807d957?source=post_page-----b9d9cd1a6f23----------------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Brookings Institution\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/u/8c2e67709211?source=post_page-----b9d9cd1a6f23----------------------\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/u/8c2e67709211?source=post_page-----b9d9cd1a6f23----------------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Beeck Center\u003C/a> for Social Impact + Innovation, Georgetown University, \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/u/d575caba1ef?source=post_page-----b9d9cd1a6f23----------------------\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/u/d575caba1ef?source=post_page-----b9d9cd1a6f23----------------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Bipartisan Policy Center\u003C/a>, Congressional Management Foundation, \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/u/7a568444527c?source=post_page-----b9d9cd1a6f23----------------------\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/u/7a568444527c?source=post_page-----b9d9cd1a6f23----------------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Demand Progress\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/u/28345bfd2c4b?source=post_page-----b9d9cd1a6f23----------------------\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/u/28345bfd2c4b?source=post_page-----b9d9cd1a6f23----------------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab\u003C/a> at New York University, \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/u/498e5b4bbee7?source=post_page-----b9d9cd1a6f23----------------------\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/u/498e5b4bbee7?source=post_page-----b9d9cd1a6f23----------------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Lincoln Network\u003C/a>, and \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/u/60deb7eda4ae?source=post_page-----b9d9cd1a6f23----------------------\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/u/60deb7eda4ae?source=post_page-----b9d9cd1a6f23----------------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">POPVOX\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"90e3\" id=\"90e3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/g21c/second-mock-hearing-convenes-experts-to-discuss-remote-proceedings-b9d9cd1a6f23\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/g21c/second-mock-hearing-convenes-experts-to-discuss-remote-proceedings-b9d9cd1a6f23\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" title=\"Click here to read the full report\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Click here to read the full report\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"3e62\" id=\"3e62\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">2. Readings from the Field\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"0f39\" id=\"0f39\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This special edition of CrowdLaw Communiqué is focused on the “Continuity of Legislatures,” or how parliaments around the world are using technology and other innovative approaches to continue legislative operations during a global pandemic. The following items are readings which examine that subject and explore illustrative examples.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"d241\" id=\"d241\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/continuity-in-congress-does-spain-lead-the-way-9344cc8cb39c?source=collection_home---4------3-----------------------\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/continuity-in-congress-does-spain-lead-the-way-9344cc8cb39c?source=collection_home---4------3-----------------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Continuity in Congress: Does Spain Lead the Way?\u003C/a>, by Victoria Alsina and Dane Gambrell, The GovLab. This blog post uses Spain’s Congress of Deputies as an example to explain several challenges in the shift to remote lawmaking and how Spain has addressed them.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"82bd\" id=\"82bd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/testimony-of-beth-simone-noveck-a1c13a06ea9b\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/testimony-of-beth-simone-noveck-a1c13a06ea9b\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Testimony before a Mock Hearing of Congress on International Legislatures and their Use of Technology to Convene, Deliberate and Vote\u003C/a>, by Beth Simone Noveck, The GovLab. This is an extended version of the testimony presented to members of the Association for Former Members of Congress during a virtual mock hearing held on April 16, 2020.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6baa\" id=\"6baa\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-8874/\" data-href=\"https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-8874/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“Coronavirus: Changes to practice and procedure in other parliaments\u003C/a>,” the House of Commons Library. This UK Briefing Paper illustrates changes that have been made to procedures and practices in response to coronavirus in the House of Commons and a small selection of other parliaments. It begins with a more concentrated focus on UK proceedings, then moves to showcase new ways of working from France, Australia, Canada, and several other countries around the world.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"30d2\" id=\"30d2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncsl.org/research/about-state-legislatures/continuity-of-legislature-during-emergency.aspx\" data-href=\"https://www.ncsl.org/research/about-state-legislatures/continuity-of-legislature-during-emergency.aspx\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Continuity of Legislature During Emergency\u003C/a>, National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL). NCSL has compiled key points and information for legislatures to consider in developing or reviewing a continuity of government plan in the case of an emergency and, in turn, a disruption in regular government operations. In this blog post, NCSL suggests what to look for when examining state constitutions for provisions that may either help or hinder in designing a continuity of government plan, and highlights other aspects of legislative operations that may help facilitate the legislative process during an emergency.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3459\" id=\"3459\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--li\">“\u003Ca href=\"https://www.newamerica.org/weekly/democracy-hard-these-cities-are-finding-ways-pull-it/?utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=New%20America%20Weekly%2032620&utm_content=New%20America%20Weekly%2032620+CID_39b0b757ea87c71696670e34f0c21f98&utm_source=Campaign%20Monitor%20Newsletters&utm_term=Democracy%20Is%20Hard%20These%20Cities%20Are%20Finding%20Ways%20to%20Pull%20It%20Off\" data-href=\"https://www.newamerica.org/weekly/democracy-hard-these-cities-are-finding-ways-pull-it/?utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=New%20America%20Weekly%2032620&utm_content=New%20America%20Weekly%2032620+CID_39b0b757ea87c71696670e34f0c21f98&utm_source=Campaign%20Monitor%20Newsletters&utm_term=Democracy%20Is%20Hard%20These%20Cities%20Are%20Finding%20Ways%20to%20Pull%20It%20Off\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Democracy Is Hard. These Cities Are Finding Ways to Pull It Off\u003C/a>IElena Souris and Hollie Russon Gilman via New America. ,” n this article, the authors emphasize the importance of effective civic engagement during a crisis and reference in-depth examples documenting what cities around the world are doing and why strengthening democracy is so critical.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"c37e\" id=\"c37e\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">3. Additional Resources\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"3a27\" id=\"3a27\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--h4\">The Inter-Parliamentary Union — \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ipu.org/parliaments-in-time-pandemic\" data-href=\"https://www.ipu.org/parliaments-in-time-pandemic\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Parliaments in a time of pandemic\u003C/a>. As parliaments worldwide attempt to adapt to function in the midst of COVID-19, the Inter-Parliamentary Union offers resources for parliaments including a country by country \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ipu.org/country-compilation-parliamentary-responses-pandemic\" data-href=\"https://www.ipu.org/country-compilation-parliamentary-responses-pandemic\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">compilation of parliamentary responses to the pandemic\u003C/a> and a \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ipu.org/news/news-in-brief/2020-04/how-run-parliament-during-pandemic-q-and\" data-href=\"https://www.ipu.org/news/news-in-brief/2020-04/how-run-parliament-during-pandemic-q-and\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">practical Q and A\u003C/a> on remote working tools and technology to continue functioning during the crisis.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4ec1\" id=\"4ec1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Demand Progress — \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ipu.org/news/news-in-brief/2020-04/how-run-parliament-during-pandemic-q-and\" data-href=\"https://www.ipu.org/news/news-in-brief/2020-04/how-run-parliament-during-pandemic-q-and\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">continuityofcongress.org\u003C/a>. A hub for resources on the “continuity of Congress,” including legislative actions, reports & analyses, video briefings, simulated remote proceedings, state & international actions, news, and more. Check in periodically for updates from this rapidly evolving website.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"88cf\" id=\"88cf\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://firstbranchforecast.com/\" data-href=\"https://firstbranchforecast.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The First Branch Forecast\u003C/a> is published at the beginning of each week by Demand Progress Education Fund, a project of the Sixteen Thirty Fund. It focuses on the ability of Congress to govern.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"304a\" id=\"304a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/16/us/politics/house-coronavirus-remote-voting.html\" data-href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/16/us/politics/house-coronavirus-remote-voting.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">House Democrats Back Changing Rules to Allow Remote Voting During Pandemic\u003C/a>(New York Times, April 16, 2020): If approved by the House, the switch to proxy voting would be the first time in the history of Congress that lawmakers could cast votes other than in person.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"110a\" id=\"110a\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">4. FOLLOW\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"74c6\" id=\"74c6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--h4\">The GovLab created a Twitter list of the who’s who in the field of participatory lawmaking from around the world. Check out the list \u003Ca href=\"http://FOLLOW!%20We%20created%20a%20twitter%20list%20of%20the%20who%27s%20who%20in%20the%20field%20of%20participatory%20lawmaking%20from%20around%20the%20world.%20Check%20out%20the%20list%20here!%20For%20more%20information%20about%20CrowdLaw,%20visit%20crowd.law\" data-href=\"http://FOLLOW! We created a twitter list of the who's who in the field of participatory lawmaking from around the world. Check out the list here! For more information about CrowdLaw, visit crowd.law\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>!\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b496\" id=\"b496\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">For more information about CrowdLaw,\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\"> visit \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://crowd.law/\" data-href=\"http://crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">crowd.law\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\"> and \u003C/em>follow us on Twitter \u003Ca href=\"https://twitter.com/TheGovLab\" data-href=\"https://twitter.com/TheGovLab\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">@thegovlab\u003C/em>\u003C/a> and on Facebook at \u003Ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/thegovlab\" data-href=\"https://www.facebook.com/thegovlab\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">fb.com/thegovlab\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"eea8\" id=\"eea8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li graf--trailing\">To share a story, please email us at crowdlaw@thegovlab.org\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/crowdlaw-communique-continuity-of-legislatures-april-2020",{"title":2102,"description":2105},"crowdlaw-communique-continuity-of-legislatures-april-2020","blogposts/crowdlaw-communique-continuity-of-legislatures-april-2020","ODhWsn2ZEY2IbUode732H78YoQKbzOuOVwcEaKD97mk",{"id":2115,"title":2116,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2117,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2118,"description":2119,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2116,"image":2120,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2121,"meta":2122,"navigation":15,"path":2123,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2124,"slug":2125,"startTime":34,"stem":2126,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2127},"blogposts/blogposts/continuity-in-congress-does-spain-lead-the-way.json","Continuity in Congress: Does Spain Lead the Way?",[],"2020-04-16T15:01:46","By Victoria Alsina and Dane Gambrell","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*i7DADVn0Z2V3MmAW","\n\u003Csection name=\"7f5f\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"ea23\" id=\"ea23\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Continuity in Congress: Does Spain Lead the Way?\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"6d87\" id=\"6d87\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">By Victoria Alsina and Dane Gambrell\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bf0b\" id=\"bf0b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">On March 12 the Congress of Deputies, the lower house of the Spanish Parliament, suspended all face-to-face meetings, originally for two weeks, due to disruptions caused by COVID-19. Just two days later, a nationwide lockdown went into effect as the number of cases soared and Spain became one of the countries \u003Ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/spain-deaths-coronavirus/2020/03/25/93e80342-6e07-11ea-a156-0048b62cdb51_story.html\" data-href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/spain-deaths-coronavirus/2020/03/25/93e80342-6e07-11ea-a156-0048b62cdb51_story.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">hardest hit\u003C/a> by the pandemic.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7ae2\" id=\"7ae2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">However, this pause on in-person meetings did not mean a total halt on the legislative process. Rather, MPs continued to vote on legislative proposals, while the Congress’s rule-making and agenda-setting bodies held meetings over videoconference and email.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"238b\" id=\"238b\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*i7DADVn0Z2V3MmAW\" data-width=\"1200\" data-height=\"564\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*i7DADVn0Z2V3MmAW\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Source:\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.consalud.es/pacientes/especial-coronavirus/congreso-aprueba-prorroga-alarma-minimo-26-abril_77365_102.html\" data-href=\"https://www.consalud.es/pacientes/especial-coronavirus/congreso-aprueba-prorroga-alarma-minimo-26-abril_77365_102.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\"> Congress of Deputies\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"5c98\" id=\"5c98\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Spain’s Congress of Deputies is one of \u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/congress-in-crisis-how-legislatures-are-continuing-to-meet-during-the-pandemic-66c2f7bf8e20\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/congress-in-crisis-how-legislatures-are-continuing-to-meet-during-the-pandemic-66c2f7bf8e20\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">many legislative bodies around the world\u003C/a> that are piloting \u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">new methods\u003C/a> to keep the lawmaking process going as in-person meetings are increasingly rare. These legislatures, which range from the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.asambleanacional.gob.ec/es/noticia/65988-asamblea-reconoce-y-agradece-el-trabajo-de-quienes-estan\" data-href=\"https://www.asambleanacional.gob.ec/es/noticia/65988-asamblea-reconoce-y-agradece-el-trabajo-de-quienes-estan\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">National Assembly of Ecuador\u003C/a> to the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.parliament.nz/en/watch-parliament/ondemand\" data-href=\"https://www.parliament.nz/en/watch-parliament/ondemand\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">New Zealand Parliament\u003C/a>, are turning to a combination of online meetings, electronic voting, and livestreaming to conduct lawmaking remotely.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a8e6\" id=\"a8e6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">But with this new approach comes new questions to be answered. Using the Congress of Deputies as an example, we explain several challenges in the shift to remote lawmaking and how Spain addressed them.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"0ee5\" id=\"0ee5\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--h4-em\">What is the legal framework?\u003C/em>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"71be\" id=\"71be\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">In many countries, laws and internal regulations limit the legislature’s ability to convene remotely. The parliament of Chile, for example, had to \u003Ca href=\"https://www.leychile.cl/Navegar?idNorma=1143740\" data-href=\"https://www.leychile.cl/Navegar?idNorma=1143740\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">amend\u003C/a> the country’s constitution in order to deliberate and vote remotely. For the Congress of Deputies, prior to the pandemic, members were allowed to vote electronically in the cases of sickness and parental leave. The Bureau (the Congress’s internal regulatory body) simply extended this option to all members in response to the crisis.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"2332\" id=\"2332\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--h4-em\">How do you vote?\u003C/em>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"3172\" id=\"3172\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">MPs cast votes using the Congress’s intranet system, which has been in place since 2012. Rather than voting in real time, voting is typically open for a two hour period before the session to vote for the alternative or amendment proposals and for a two hour period following the session in which the proposals are debated to vote the final text.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"018a\" id=\"018a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">While so far voting has only been held during plenary sessions, the same method could be used for commission meetings. Similar electronic voting systems are used by both chambers of Brazil’s National Congress as well as Ecuador’s National Assembly.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"29f0\" id=\"29f0\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--h4-em\">How do you authenticate voters?\u003C/em>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"4121\" id=\"4121\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">A natural question for remote lawmaking is how to verify, or authenticate, the identity of each MP in order to avoid fraudulent voting. Prior to the crisis, MPs would receive a phone call asking them to verify that they had voted electronically. Now, due to the larger volume of absences, each lawmaker simply enters a personal access code during the sign-in process for the electronic voting system. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.senado.cl/acuerdan-protocolo-para-funcionamiento-telematico-de-sala-y-comisiones/senado/2020-04-08/173302.html\" data-href=\"https://www.senado.cl/acuerdan-protocolo-para-funcionamiento-telematico-de-sala-y-comisiones/senado/2020-04-08/173302.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Chile’s Senate\u003C/a> has an additional authentication mechanism. As both deliberation and voting is done over the Zoom video conferencing platform, members must also appear on camera state their votes.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"196f\" id=\"196f\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--h4-em\">Who deliberates, and how?\u003C/em>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"9989\" id=\"9989\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Currently, remote deliberation is not available for plenary sessions, nor for commission meetings; these deliberations still happen in-person. While plenary sessions are \u003Ca href=\"http://www.congreso.es/portal/page/portal/Congreso/Congreso/CongresoTV/ConDir\" data-href=\"http://www.congreso.es/portal/page/portal/Congreso/Congreso/CongresoTV/ConDir\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">live streamed\u003C/a> on the Congress’s website and the parliamentary television channel, MPs have no way to participate in the discussion. The Bureau and the Board of Spokespersons do, however, meet remotely via \u003Ca href=\"http://www.tpaas.es/cloud-telepresence/\" data-href=\"http://www.tpaas.es/cloud-telepresence/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">TPaas Videoconference\u003C/a>, a cloud-based meeting software. This is a major difference from other legislative bodies such as France’s National Assembly, which conducts remote committee meetings but does not allow remote voting, and Brazil’s Senate, which now conducts all deliberations and voting \u003Ca href=\"http://www.senado.leg.br/senado/hotsites/sdr/pdf/SDR_SF_DS_V162_eng.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.senado.leg.br/senado/hotsites/sdr/pdf/SDR_SF_DS_V162_eng.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">electronically\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"e0f0\" id=\"e0f0\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--h4-em\">Will remote participation continue after the crisis subsides?\u003C/em>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"ffbe\" id=\"ffbe\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">This last question is perhaps the most unclear. While MPs have introduced regulatory proposals that would allow the remote participation process to continue for all Members of Congress, these measures have not yet been debated.Though for the time being, it appears that the remote methodology is still wedded to the lifespan of the crisis.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e223\" id=\"e223\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As the COVID-19 crisis disrupts the legislative process, parliaments will continue to adapt their convenings, deliberations and voting mechanisms. Lawmakers can look to the Congress of Deputies as a model while also continuing to innovate and improve on the remote lawmaking process.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0dbc\" id=\"0dbc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This post is part of a series on the Continuity of Legislatures. Find the whole series \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/continuity-of-legislatures-series-d9d86496fc39\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/continuity-of-legislatures-series-d9d86496fc39\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/continuity-in-congress-does-spain-lead-the-way",{"title":2116,"description":2119},"continuity-in-congress-does-spain-lead-the-way","blogposts/continuity-in-congress-does-spain-lead-the-way","mWyKeZXPuwAsXsAycYCZGn6ne5QlQQ9JemZ-j6Wx9k8",{"id":2129,"title":2130,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2131,"body":34,"category":44,"date":2132,"description":2133,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2130,"image":2134,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2135,"meta":2136,"navigation":15,"path":2137,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2138,"slug":2139,"startTime":34,"stem":2140,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2141},"blogposts/blogposts/the-global-ai-ethics-consortium-gaiec-on-ethics-and-the-use-of-data-and-artificial-intelligence.json","The Global AI Ethics Consortium (GAIEC) on Ethics and the Use of Data and Artificial Intelligence",[],"2020-04-15T13:41:56","The time for analysing how AI is deployed -whom it affects, how it affects them, what are its broader social and economic impacts is now...","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*N2kQmyaj0GtkG3GV.jpg","\n\u003Csection name=\"914a\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"2e20\" id=\"2e20\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">The Global AI Ethics Consortium (GAIEC) on Ethics and the Use of Data and Artificial Intelligence in the Fight Against COVID-19 and other Pandemics is officially launched\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"8599\" id=\"8599\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*N2kQmyaj0GtkG3GV.jpg\" data-width=\"1131\" data-height=\"800\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*N2kQmyaj0GtkG3GV.jpg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"033b\" id=\"033b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“The time for analysing how AI is deployed -whom it affects, how it affects them, what are its broader social and economic impacts is now\u003C/em>.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9a24\" id=\"9a24\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The COVID-19 crisis has already changed daily life in innumerable ways, and it will continue to have a significant impact as it shifts global opinion, politics, and approaches to combating pandemics and crises of all kinds. Among the many areas, its effects are being felt is in the field of technology, and in particular society’s attitudes toward the potential -and risks- of Data and Artificial Intelligence (AI) for tackling COVID-19.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2727\" id=\"2727\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The various uses of AI to manage pandemics, as well as the ethical challenges related to them, require multi-disciplinary and multi-stakeholder engagement as well as international collaboration on developing AI governance.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d513\" id=\"d513\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To this end, The GovLab, led by its Co-Founder and Chief Research and Development Officer Stefaan Verhulst, has joined with TUM Institute for Ethics in Artificial Intelligence in the creation of the \u003Ca href=\"https://ieai.mcts.tum.de/?page_id=2923&preview=true\" data-href=\"https://ieai.mcts.tum.de/?page_id=2923&preview=true\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Global AI Ethics Consortium (GAIEC)\u003C/a>. Together, they are working with academic institutions, research centers and distinguished members of academia worldwide in order to foster trust in data and technology, maximize the potential of AI while limiting its harms, help all the involved parties navigate current uncertainty and create ethical frameworks.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"99d2\" id=\"99d2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The newly founded Global AI Ethics Consortium (GAIEC) on Ethics and the Use of Data and Artificial Intelligence in the Fight Against COVID-19 and other Pandemics aims to:\u003C/p>\u003Col class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"dca5\" id=\"dca5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Support immediate needs for expertise related to the COVID-19 crisis and the emerging ethical questions related to the use of AI in managing the pandemic.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a200\" id=\"a200\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Create a repository that includes avenues of communication for sharing and disseminating current research, new research opportunities, and past research findings.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"75c6\" id=\"75c6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Coordinate internal funding and research initiatives to allow for maximum opportunities to pursue vital research related to health crises and the ethical use of AI.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f73e\" id=\"f73e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Discuss research findings and opportunities for new areas of collaboration.\u003C/li>\u003C/ol>\u003Cp name=\"5308\" id=\"5308\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">Read the \u003Ca href=\"https://ieai.mcts.tum.de/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/COVID-19-Statement-of-Purpose-Final1.pdf\" data-href=\"https://ieai.mcts.tum.de/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/COVID-19-Statement-of-Purpose-Final1.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Statement of Purpose\u003C/a> and find out more about the Global AI Ethics Consortium and its founding members: Christoph Lütge (\u003Ca href=\"https://ieai.mcts.tum.de/\" data-href=\"https://ieai.mcts.tum.de/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">TUM Institute for Ethics in Artificial Intelligence\u003C/a>, Technical University of Munich), Jean-Gabriel Ganascia (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.lip6.fr/?LANG=en\" data-href=\"https://www.lip6.fr/?LANG=en\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">LIP6-CNRS\u003C/a>, Sorbonne Université), Mark Findlay (\u003Ca href=\"https://caidg.smu.edu.sg/about\" data-href=\"https://caidg.smu.edu.sg/about\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Centre for AI and Data Governance\u003C/a>, Law School, Singapore Management University), Ken Ito and Kan Hiroshi Suzuki (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/index.html\" data-href=\"https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The University of Tokyo\u003C/a>), Jeannie Marie Paterson (\u003Ca href=\"https://law.unimelb.edu.au/centres/caide\" data-href=\"https://law.unimelb.edu.au/centres/caide\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Centre for AI and Digital Ethics\u003C/a>, University of Melbourne), Huw Price (\u003Ca href=\"http://lcfi.ac.uk/\" data-href=\"http://lcfi.ac.uk/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence,\u003C/a> University of Cambridge), Stefaan G. Verhulst (\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab\u003C/a>, New York University), Yi Zeng (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.baai.ac.cn/aies-en\" data-href=\"https://www.baai.ac.cn/aies-en\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Research Center for AI Ethics and Safety, Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence\u003C/a>), and Adrian Weller (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.turing.ac.uk/\" data-href=\"https://www.turing.ac.uk/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Allan Turing Institute\u003C/a>).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"50e0\" id=\"50e0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">If you or your organization is interested in the GAIEC — Global AI Ethics Consortium please contact us at \u003Ca href=\"mailto:ieai@mcts.tum.de\" data-href=\"mailto:ieai@mcts.tum.de\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">ieai@mcts.tum.de\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/the-global-ai-ethics-consortium-gaiec-on-ethics-and-the-use-of-data-and-artificial-intelligence",{"title":2130,"description":2133},"the-global-ai-ethics-consortium-gaiec-on-ethics-and-the-use-of-data-and-artificial-intelligence","blogposts/the-global-ai-ethics-consortium-gaiec-on-ethics-and-the-use-of-data-and-artificial-intelligence","hboyPWbhoksgbuRmL5ioTsLZBwED2qi2faGD8Az9a_U",{"id":2143,"title":2144,"author":1921,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2145,"body":34,"category":99,"date":2146,"description":2147,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2144,"image":2148,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2149,"meta":2150,"navigation":15,"path":2151,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2152,"slug":2153,"startTime":34,"stem":2154,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2155},"blogposts/blogposts/data-collaborative-case-study-the-atlas-of-inequality-and-cuebiqs-data-for-good-initiative.json","Data Collaborative Case Study: The Atlas of Inequality and Cuebiq’s Data for Good Initiative",[],"2020-04-08T00:00:00","The Atlas of Inequality is a research initiative led by scientists at the MIT Media Lab and Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. It is a project within the larger Human Dynamics research initiative at the MIT Media Lab...","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*IFB5P440hTAuZmp2s66k0g.jpeg","\u003Ch1 id=\"data-collaborative-case-study-the-atlas-of-inequality-and-cuebiq’s-data-for-good-initiative\">Data Collaborative Case Study: The Atlas of Inequality and Cuebiq’s Data for Good Initiative\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp>** \u003Cem>By Michelle Winowatan, Andrew Young, and Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/em>**\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>This is the third installment of an ongoing series of case studies on Data Collaboratives and Data Stewardship. These case studies intend to provide insights toward leveraging private data for public good in a systematic, sustainable and responsible manner.\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=bc6d09925f&utm_source=Data+Stewards+Network&utm_campaign=15fdda85ab-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2019_05_17_08_37_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_bc6d09925f-15fdda85ab-87779301\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003Cem>Subscribe\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>to our Data Stewards Newsletter to be notified of future releases.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*IFB5P440hTAuZmp2s66k0g.jpeg\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Photo by \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/@christopher__burns?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Christopher Burns\u003C/a> on \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/@christopher__burns?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Unsplash\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Summary:\u003C/strong> The \u003Ca href=\"https://inequality.media.mit.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Atlas of Inequality\u003C/a> is a research initiative led by scientists at the MIT Media Lab and Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. It is a project within the larger Human Dynamics research initiative at the MIT Media Lab, which investigates how computational social science can improve society, government, and companies. Using multiple big data sources, MIT Media Lab researchers seek to understand how people move in urban spaces and how that movement influences or is influenced by income. Among the datasets used in this initiative was location data provided by Cuebiq, through its Data for Good initiative. Cuebiq offers location-intelligence services to approved research and nonprofit organizations seeking to address public problems. To date, the Atlas has published maps of inequality in eleven cities in the United States. Through the Atlas, the researchers hope to raise public awareness about segregation of social mobility in United States cities resulting from economic inequality and support evidence-based policymaking to address the issue.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Data Collaborative Model:\u003C/strong> Based on the \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/existing-practices.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">typology of data collaborative practice\u003C/a> areas developed by The GovLab, the use of Cuebiq’s location data by MIT Media Lab researchers for the Atlas of Inequality initiative is an example of the \u003Cstrong>research and analysis partnership\u003C/strong> model of data collaboration, specifically a \u003Cstrong>data transfer\u003C/strong> approach. In this approach, companies provide data to partners for analysis, sometimes under the banner of “data philanthropy.” Access to data remains highly restrictive, with only specific partners able to analyze the assets provided. Approved uses are also determined in a somewhat cooperative manner, often with some agreement outlining how and why parties requesting access to data will put it to use.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Data Stewardship Approach:\u003C/strong> Through its Data for Good initiative, Cuebiq provided access to location data that supported the Atlas’s development. The Data for Good initiative is an example of how active data stewardship can help data-holding companies find public utility in their data beyond their day-to-day business. Such utility includes the creation of scientific and public value by securely providing academic researchers and nonprofit organizations access to Cuebiq’s data assets. These collaborations involve a licensing agreement between Cuebiq and its partners, where all the parties pledge to adhere to certain privacy and data-handling standards to prevent potential risks that may arise, such as data breach and misuse. Further, Cuebiq also created the Director of Research Partnership and Data for Good role to carry out various data stewards functions, including internal coordination, partnership building, and risk assessment. This approach can serve as a good model for how companies can practice responsible data-sharing. Indeed, in early 2020, the MIT Media Lab team began using Cuebiq data to \u003Ca href=\"http://curveflattening.media.mit.edu/posts/social-distancing-new-york-city/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study the effectiveness\u003C/a> of social distancing policies in New York City in light of the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*hGA3jZsDo6ORIgb2s-Sh4w.png\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>MIT Media Lab and Cuebiq Data Collaborative Operational Variables. Detailed description of each variable can be found\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/existing-practices.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> \u003Cem>here\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Read the full case study \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Cuebiq_Atlas-Data-Collab-Case-Study.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/data-collaborative-case-study-the-atlas-of-inequality-and-cuebiqs-data-for-good-initiative",{"title":2144,"description":2147},"data-collaborative-case-study-the-atlas-of-inequality-and-cuebiqs-data-for-good-initiative","blogposts/data-collaborative-case-study-the-atlas-of-inequality-and-cuebiqs-data-for-good-initiative","_k_QuPnrXOsDcbCQNo9FevIoFe8qFvDOiv5Nh8a7ado",{"id":2157,"title":2158,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2159,"body":34,"category":44,"date":2160,"description":2161,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2158,"image":2162,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2163,"meta":2164,"navigation":15,"path":2165,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2166,"slug":2167,"startTime":34,"stem":2168,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2169},"blogposts/blogposts/the-potential-of-data-collaboratives-for-covid19.json","The potential of Data Collaboratives for COVID19",[],"2020-04-02T19:57:09","We live in almost unimaginable times. The spread of COVID-19 is a human tragedy and global crisis that will impact our communities for many years to come...","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*HByzVKe13Yg-7Sl392JxdA.jpeg","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"2002\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">The potential of Data Collaboratives for COVID19\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"96b2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">By \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/@sverhulst\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@sverhulst\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Stefaan G. Verhulst\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"94f8\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*HByzVKe13Yg-7Sl392JxdA.jpeg\" data-image-id=\"1*HByzVKe13Yg-7Sl392JxdA.jpeg\" data-width=\"5472\" data-height=\"3648\" data-is-featured=\"true\">\n\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Photo by \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" href=\"https://unsplash.com/@margotd1?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/@margotd1?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\">Margaret Weir\u003C/a> on \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" href=\"https://unsplash.com/s/photos/data?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/s/photos/data?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\">Unsplash\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"28d3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">We live in almost unimaginable times. The spread of COVID-19 is a human tragedy and global crisis that will impact our communities for many years to come. The \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/22/health/coronavirus-restrictions-us.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/22/health/coronavirus-restrictions-us.html\">social\u003C/a> and \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/03/1059011\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/03/1059011\">economic\u003C/a> costs are huge and mounting, and they are already contributing to \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/global-stock-markets-dow-update-3-23-2020-11584925602?mod=article_inline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/global-stock-markets-dow-update-3-23-2020-11584925602?mod=article_inline\">a global slowdown\u003C/a>. Every day, the emerging pandemic reveals new vulnerabilities in various aspects of our economic, political and social lives. These include our vastly overstretched public health services, our dysfunctional political climate, and our fragile global supply chains and financial markets.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f6f9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The unfolding crisis is also making shortcomings clear in another area: the way we re-use data responsibly. Although this aspect of the crisis has been less remarked upon than other, more obvious failures, those who work with data — and who have seen its potential to impact the public good — understand that we have failed to create the necessary governance and institutional structures that would allow us to harness data responsibly to halt or at least limit this pandemic. \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2020/03/17/a-fiasco-in-the-making-as-the-coronavirus-pandemic-takes-hold-we-are-making-decisions-without-reliable-data/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2020/03/17/a-fiasco-in-the-making-as-the-coronavirus-pandemic-takes-hold-we-are-making-decisions-without-reliable-data/\">A recent article in Stat\u003C/a>, an online journal dedicated to health news, characterized the COVID-19 outbreak as “a once-in-a-century evidence fiasco.” The article continues:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cblockquote id=\"e202\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--blockquote-em\">“At a time when everyone needs better information, […] we lack reliable evidence on how many people have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 or who continue to become infected. Better information is needed to guide decisions and actions of monumental significance and to monitor their impact.”\u003C/em>\u003C/blockquote>\n\u003Cp id=\"8472\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--blockquote\">It doesn’t have to be this way, and these data challenges are not an excuse for inaction. As we explain in what follows, there is ample evidence that the re-use of data can help mitigate health pandemics. A robust (if somewhat unsystematized) body of knowledge could direct policymakers and others in their efforts. In the second part of this article, we outline eight steps that key stakeholders can and should take to better re-use data in the fight against COVID-19. In particular, we argue that more responsible \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://datastewards.net\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"http://datastewards.net\">data stewardship\u003C/a> and increased use of \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org\">data collaboratives\u003C/a> are critical.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8522\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">I. Theory of the Case: How Data — and Data Re-Use — Can Fight Pandemics\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a818\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A range of evidence exists from around the world to suggest that better use of data can help to address many complex public problems, including climate change, crime, economic inequality, and public health crises. At The GovLab, the action-research center at New York University which I co-founded, we have repeatedly seen that the sharing and reuse of aggregated and anonymized data — e.g., from telecommunications, social media, satellites, and Internet of Things sensors — can \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2014/11/08/using-big-data-to-fight-pandemics/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2014/11/08/using-big-data-to-fight-pandemics/\">improve traditional models\u003C/a>for tracking disease propagation and other questions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5857\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Such efforts often occur when private companies repurpose their data, collected during the normal course of business, toward public ends. For instance, telecommunications data from the company Orange has been re-used to support the response to \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4205120/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4205120/\">Ebola\u003C/a> in Africa; and data from Telefónica in Mexico has been deployed to combat \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/media-network/media-network-blog/2013/sep/05/combating-epidemics-big-mobile-data\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/media-network/media-network-blog/2013/sep/05/combating-epidemics-big-mobile-data\">swine flu\u003C/a>. Social media data from Facebook has likewise been used to understand public perceptions around \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/cases/facebook-insights-for-impact-zika.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/cases/facebook-insights-for-impact-zika.html\">Zika in Brazil\u003C/a> while satellite data has helped track seasonal \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://science.sciencemag.org/content/334/6061/1424\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://science.sciencemag.org/content/334/6061/1424\">measles outbreaks in Niger\u003C/a>. In addition, geospatial data has\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/cases/disarm-disease-surveillance-and-risk-monitoring.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/cases/disarm-disease-surveillance-and-risk-monitoring.html\"> supported malaria surveillance and eradication\u003C/a> efforts in Sub-Saharan Africa and, more generally, many infectious diseases have been monitored\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25022440?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25022440?dopt=Abstract\"> using mobile phones and other mobility-related\u003C/a> data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0866\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The potential and realized contributions of all this data teach us several \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/03/20/science.abb8021\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/03/20/science.abb8021\">vital lessons\u003C/a>. Chief among these is the importance of re-using data, particularly involving entities working toward the public good leveraging data held by the private sector. In all the examples mentioned above, the potential of data was realized when companies provided public, non-profit, research, or civic organizations with functional access to privately held datasets. We call such partnerships \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org\">data collaboratives.\u003C/a> They are an emerging form of public–private cooperation deployed around the world, often with significant results.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b471\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The second important lesson is that the supply of and demand for data is often widely dispersed across geographies and sectors. Combined with a shortage of data expertise, particularly within smaller non-profit and civic organizations, this fragmentation leads to tremendous inefficiencies that stunt data’s potential and limit its ability to mitigate complex public problems. The problem of fragmentation is exacerbated by conflicting legal jurisdictions and often poorly communicated and misunderstood regulatory regimes.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"4d9f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">These inefficiencies in data collaboration lead to costly delays in response times, lost opportunities to save lives and livelihoods, and a persistent lack of preparation for future threats. Much potentially impactful data is never made accessible to those who could productively use it. Much of the data that is released is never used in a systematic and sustainable way due to limited discoverability, poor quality, and a lack of data expertise among recipient organizations. The European Commission’s \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/experts-say-privately-held-data-available-european-union-should-be-used-better-and-more\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/experts-say-privately-held-data-available-european-union-should-be-used-better-and-more\">Expert Group\u003C/a> on Business to Government Data Sharing, of which I am a member, recently stated:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cblockquote id=\"4051\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--blockquote-em\">“[M]uch of the potential for data and its insights to be used for the benefit of society remains untapped […] Due to organisational, technical and legal obstacles (as well as an overall lack of a data-sharing culture) business-to-government (B2G) data-sharing partnerships are still largely isolated, short-term collaborations.” (Executive Summary, p. 7.)\u003C/em>\u003C/blockquote>\n\u003Cp id=\"ceae\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--blockquote\">II. Seven Steps Toward Better Re-Use of Data to Fight COVID-19\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"1e26\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*P4RsVypfk9pnDdHu\" data-image-id=\"0*P4RsVypfk9pnDdHu\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"1236\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"b9a2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">How do we overcome these shortcomings? Based on the European Expert Group’s \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/experts-say-privately-held-data-available-european-union-should-be-used-better-and-more\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/experts-say-privately-held-data-available-european-union-should-be-used-better-and-more\">final report\u003C/a>, \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org\">our own research\u003C/a>, and that of others (see a full list \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"/news/a-call-for-action\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"/news/a-call-for-action\">here\u003C/a>), we have identified seven steps that should be taken immediately by policymakers and other stakeholders. These steps would enhance the data collaboration ecosystem, helping to ease inefficiencies and bottlenecks. In the process, they would make the re-use of data a much more potent weapon in the fight against Covid-19, as well as other future pandemics.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"27d1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">1. DEVELOP A GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK: The lack of clear, consistent national and transnational governance frameworks is one of the main factors currently limiting the potential of data re-use. Hence, it is crucial public and private actors, as well as civil society, work together to develop or clarify a clear set of laws, regulations and norms to govern the trusted re-use of privately held data for the public interest. This framework should include \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.sdsntrends.org/research/countingontheworld\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.sdsntrends.org/research/countingontheworld\">governance principles\u003C/a>, open data policies, trusted \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://contractsfordatacollaboration.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://contractsfordatacollaboration.org/\">data re-use agreements\u003C/a>, and transparency requirements and safeguards. In addition, it should include accountability mechanisms, including \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/cases/orange-telecom-data-for-development-challenge-d4d.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/cases/orange-telecom-data-for-development-challenge-d4d.html\">ethical councils\u003C/a>, that clearly define duties of care for data accessed in emergency contexts and do not obligate new and additional data collection by the private sector.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0315\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">2. BUILD CAPACITY: Collaboration is also frequently limited by a lack of capacity — technical, financial and otherwise — to re-purpose and re-use data. It’s therefore essential that policymakers and other stakeholders work to increase the readiness and operational capacity of the public and private sectors to re-use and act on data, for example by investing in training, education, awareness building and reskilling for lawmakers and civil servants. Building capacity also includes increasing the ability to \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://the100questions.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"http://the100questions.org\">ask and formulate questions\u003C/a> that matter and that can be answered in a meaningful way by data. Currently, much data is released by organizations without any clear purpose or clearly understood end use. Identifying and articulating a list of priority questions, as well as \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/GovLabMetrics.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/GovLabMetrics.pdf\">metrics to assess impact\u003C/a>, could facilitate more targeted and rapid responses by data holders when societies are confronted with crises.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a74e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">3. ESTABLISH DATA STEWARDS: Private, public, and civil society entities should create and promote the position of \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/wanted-data-stewards.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/wanted-data-stewards.pdf\">Chief Data Stewards\u003C/a> within organisations. Data stewards can take the form of individuals or groups within organisations. They are tasked with identifying and nurturing potential collaborations, as well as with identifying data that could be shared toward the public interest. Data stewards can also lead efforts to measure impact and ensure that any insights that result from sharing are actually acted upon. Importantly, Data stewards should be mandated with protecting potentially sensitive information and ensuring the re-use of data does not violate privacy.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ee2d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">4. BUILD A NETWORK: Parties across sectors should work together to establish a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://datastewards.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https://datastewards.net/\">network of data stewards\u003C/a>. This community of practice could coordinate and streamline efforts and provide greater transparency on current work on data stewardship and collaboration. Its mission, objectives, participants, and criteria for participation should all be made open to the public, and its activities should be undertaken in an inclusive manner.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"9904\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">5. ENGAGE CITIZENS: Citizens should be encouraged to co-create data collaboratives for well-defined and documented public interest purposes of their own choice. To enable this, governments and corporations should promote user-friendly crowdsourcing and data donation mechanisms. These mechanisms should clearly articulate to citizens how their data will be responsibly used, re-used, and protected. In general, efforts should be made to make more transparent to citizens what the benefits of data collaboration could be for them personally, and for society at large.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"83b2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">6. UNLOCK FUNDS: Funding from a variety of sources, including crowdfunding, should be unlocked and sustained without the use of heavy-handed procurement. Funders should support data systems and infrastructure with an eye toward future crises as well as current challenges. A system of pre-qualified recipients should be established to facilitate rapid access to funds and other resources during the early stages of a crisis. Other incentives for data collaboration should also be established, including public recognition of private companies and civil organisations that engage in data collaboratives, so that they may be eligible for funds. In addition, existing schemes that exist to incentivize or encourage data collaboration should take societal priorities into account when making decisions on how to allocate funds.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f106\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">7. PROMOTE TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION: For all the progress in data methods and new hardware and software, technology continues to be something of a bottleneck. With the support of governments and foundations, data scientists and researchers should co-design and co-develop technologies that can help implement data collaboration at scale, in a responsible and sustainable way. This collaborative research should be as transparent and interdisciplinary as possible, and could focus initially on core needs such as privacy-preserving technologies, security technologies, and access-control technologies.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0cbd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">One overarching component of our framework is essential to emphasize, and applies to all of the above action items. Sharing is not, and cannot become, a pretext for privacy violations or erosions. Reuse must only take place on aggregated and anonymized data within the confines of a strict set of rules that ensure privacy. Societal benefits cannot come at the cost of individual rights (or else they are no benefits at all). As explained above, data stewards will play an important role in ensuring these protections. Working with other internal and external stakeholders, they can ensure privacy protections, and that the potential of personal data to solve public problems is never used as justification for the limitation of individual liberties.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"8e62\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Conclusion\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5756\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Needless to say, these seven steps are not silver bullets. They will not, on their own, eliminate existing roadblocks to data collaboration. They will also not single-handedly allow us to overcome the global pandemic the world now confronts, but this is a long, hard-fought battle, and every inch counts.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6212\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Data can be a potent weapon, especially when it is re-used responsibly across actors and sectors. The recommendations we outline here represent an important first step toward unleashing that potential. At The GovLab, we plan to continue our research — in collaboration with our many partners, including the 300 individuals that have signed our Call for Action from around the world — toward identifying legitimate and effective ways to implement the above steps.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"014b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The above article is based upon a \u003C/em>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"/news/a-call-for-action\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"/news/a-call-for-action\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Call For Action: Toward Building The \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data Infrastructure And Ecosystem\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> We Need To Tackle Pandemics And Other Dynamic Societal And Environmental Threats\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">. It has received almost 300 signatories.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"fd3b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The author would like to thank all signatories and in particular Ciro Cattuto and Richard Benjamins for their leadership and support in the initiation of the call; and Andrew Young, Andrew J. Zahuranec and Michelle Winowatan, all at The GovLab, for their research support.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/the-potential-of-data-collaboratives-for-covid19",{"title":2158,"description":2161},"the-potential-of-data-collaboratives-for-covid19","blogposts/the-potential-of-data-collaboratives-for-covid19","cIKvQ_ObmnUeABOIeVX0RnSzGxXibsZy5vFBm-RBCQQ",{"id":2171,"title":2172,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2173,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2174,"description":2175,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2172,"image":2176,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2177,"meta":2178,"navigation":15,"path":2179,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2180,"slug":2181,"startTime":34,"stem":2182,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2183},"blogposts/blogposts/a-call-for-action.json","A Call for Action",[],"2020-03-16T18:13:41","TOWARD BUILDING THE DATA INFRASTRUCTURE AND ECOSYSTEM WE NEED TO TACKLE PANDEMICS AND OTHER DYNAMIC SOCIETAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL THREATS","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*OtiI03j-bjw9k5AsY63bKA.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"d4cb\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"3a13\" id=\"3a13\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">A Call for Action\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"0039\" id=\"0039\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">TOWARD BUILDING THE \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">DATA INFRASTRUCTURE AND ECOSYSTEM\u003C/strong> WE NEED TO TACKLE PANDEMICS AND OTHER DYNAMIC SOCIETAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL THREATS\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b9b6\" id=\"b9b6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">See also \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://data4covid19.org/\" data-href=\"https://data4covid19.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://data4covid19.org/\u003C/a> for updates on how we are implementing the recommendations below.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c42b\" id=\"c42b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">View a PDF version of this document \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/ACallForActionCOVID19.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/ACallForActionCOVID19.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"0e1e\" id=\"0e1e\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*OtiI03j-bjw9k5AsY63bKA.png\" data-width=\"2794\" data-height=\"2159\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*OtiI03j-bjw9k5AsY63bKA.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"c4e0\" id=\"c4e0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The undersigned concerned individuals, all of whom have worked responsibly to harness the potential of data to address critical societal and environmental challenges, call upon major stakeholders to take seven key actions to unleash the potential of #datacollaboration in addressing the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and to improve preparedness for the future.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"7735\" id=\"7735\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">JOIN US AND SIGN \u003Ca href=\"https://forms.gle/ecUKqubk5sfUCDPv9\" data-href=\"https://forms.gle/ecUKqubk5sfUCDPv9\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--h3-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">HERE\u003C/a>.\u003C/h3>\u003Ch3 name=\"428b\" id=\"428b\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">WHY WE NEED ACTION\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"c8e7\" id=\"c8e7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">The spread of COVID-19 is a human tragedy and a worldwide crisis. The social and economic costs are huge, and they are contributing to a \u003Ca href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2020/03/12/how-does-the-coronavirus-pandemic-compare-to-the-great-recession-and-what-should-fiscal-policy-do-now/\" data-href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2020/03/12/how-does-the-coronavirus-pandemic-compare-to-the-great-recession-and-what-should-fiscal-policy-do-now/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">global slowdown\u003C/a>. Despite the amount of data collected daily, we have not been able to leverage them to accelerate our understanding and action to counter COVID-19. As a result we have entered a global state of profound uncertainty and anxiety.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f19f\" id=\"f19f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The current pandemic has not only shown \u003Ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/03/12/813984872/coronavirus-pushes-more-hospitals-to-share-data-about-inventories-of-protective-\" data-href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/03/12/813984872/coronavirus-pushes-more-hospitals-to-share-data-about-inventories-of-protective-\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">vulnerabilities\u003C/a> in our public health systems but has also made visible our \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/we-can-do-better-big-data-social-good-should-richard-benjamins/?trackingId=QpjTyuvyge26S556cjPFYQ%3D%3D\" data-href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/we-can-do-better-big-data-social-good-should-richard-benjamins/?trackingId=QpjTyuvyge26S556cjPFYQ%3D%3D\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">failure to re-use data between the public and private sectors\u003C/a> — what we call \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">data collaboratives\u003C/a> — to inform decision makers how to fight dynamic threats like the novel Coronavirus.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"45d9\" id=\"45d9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We have known for years that the re-use of aggregated and anonymized data — including from telecommunications, social media, and satellite feeds — can \u003Ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2014/11/08/using-big-data-to-fight-pandemics/\" data-href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2014/11/08/using-big-data-to-fight-pandemics/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">improve traditional models\u003C/a> for tracking disease propagation. Telecommunications data has, for instance, been re-used to support the response to \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4205120/\" data-href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4205120/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ebola\u003C/a> in Africa (Orange) and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/media-network/media-network-blog/2013/sep/05/combating-epidemics-big-mobile-data\" data-href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/media-network/media-network-blog/2013/sep/05/combating-epidemics-big-mobile-data\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">swine flu\u003C/a> in Mexico (Telefónica). Social media data has been re-used to understand public perceptions around \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/cases/facebook-insights-for-impact-zika.html\" data-href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/cases/facebook-insights-for-impact-zika.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zika in Brazil\u003C/a> (Facebook). Satellite data has been used to track seasonal measles in Niger using nighttime lights. Geospatial data has similarly \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/cases/disarm-disease-surveillance-and-risk-monitoring.html\" data-href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/cases/disarm-disease-surveillance-and-risk-monitoring.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">supported malaria surveillance and eradication\u003C/a> efforts in Sub-Saharan Africa. In general, many infectious diseases have been monitored \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25022440?dopt=Abstract\" data-href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25022440?dopt=Abstract\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">using mobile phones and mobility\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b711\" id=\"b711\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The potential and realized \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/explorer.html\" data-href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/explorer.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">contributions of these and other data collaboratives\u003C/a> reveal that the supply of and demand for data and data expertise are widely dispersed. They are spread across government, the private sector, and civil society and often poorly matched.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b8d0\" id=\"b8d0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Much data needed by researchers is never made accessible to those who could productively put it to use while much data that is released is never used in a systematic and sustainable way during and post crisis.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"23b7\" id=\"23b7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This failure results in tremendous inefficiencies and costly delays in how we respond. It means lost opportunities to save lives and a persistent lack of preparation for future threats.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ab29\" id=\"ab29\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">There is a large return to the cross-organizational alignment of goals and leveraging of data resources that results from collaboration and partnerships. Responsible data collaboration also increases trust and ethics in the way data is handled and, importantly, the perceived legitimacy of such efforts.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"983f\" id=\"983f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Today, many public and private organizations are donating and re-using data and expertise and are working tirelessly to generate insight(s) that can inform decision making (\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1JWeD1AaIGKMPry_EN8GjIqwX4J4KLQIAqP09exZ-ENI/edit\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1JWeD1AaIGKMPry_EN8GjIqwX4J4KLQIAqP09exZ-ENI/edit\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">See Google Doc of projects\u003C/a>) and “\u003Ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2020/03/11/flattening-curve-coronavirus/\" data-href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2020/03/11/flattening-curve-coronavirus/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">flattening the curve\u003C/a>.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"742b\" id=\"742b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">However most of these efforts are ad hoc, poorly funded, and often disconnected from key decision makers who can act upon insights generated. There exists widespread confusion and often misinterpretation of legal provisions, which in turn leads to new hindrances to responsible data collaboration. There is also no strategy on how to connect and transform the energy, expertise and resources provided today into a new data driven approach to address future public threats, including fast-developing public health and climate crises.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1c21\" id=\"1c21\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The European Commission’s \u003Ca href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/experts-say-privately-held-data-available-european-union-should-be-used-better-and-more\" data-href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/experts-say-privately-held-data-available-european-union-should-be-used-better-and-more\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Expert Group\u003C/a> on Business to Government Data Sharing recently stated that “\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">much of the potential for data and its insights to be used for the benefit of society remains untapped…Due to organisational, technical and legal obstacles (as well as an overall lack of a data-sharing culture) business-to-government (B2G) data-sharing partnerships are still largely isolated, short-term collaborations.\u003C/em>”\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"6cae\" id=\"6cae\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">CALL FOR ACTION — 7 ACTIONS TO MAKE DATA COLLABORATION SYSTEMATIC, SUSTAINABLE AND RESPONSIBLE (AND BUILD THE DATA INFRASTRUCTURE WE NEED)\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"13aa\" id=\"13aa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The below recommendations are based upon the European Expert Group on Business to Government Data Sharing’s \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/experts-say-privately-held-data-available-european-union-should-be-used-better-and-more\" data-href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/experts-say-privately-held-data-available-european-union-should-be-used-better-and-more\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Final Report\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> and efforts undertaken by \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The GovLab,\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> T\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.weforum.org/reports/data-collaboration-for-the-common-good-enabling-trust-and-innovation-through-public-private-partnerships\" data-href=\"https://www.weforum.org/reports/data-collaboration-for-the-common-good-enabling-trust-and-innovation-through-public-private-partnerships\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">he World Economic Forum\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.gsma.com/betterfuture/aiforimpact\" data-href=\"https://www.gsma.com/betterfuture/aiforimpact\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">GSMA’s AI for Impact Taskforce\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.sdsntrends.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.sdsntrends.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">SDSN TReNDS\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://theodi.org\" data-href=\"https://theodi.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Open Data Institute\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, the \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://www.data4sdgs.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.data4sdgs.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Global Partnership for Sustainable Development Data\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.unglobalpulse.org\" data-href=\"https://www.unglobalpulse.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">UN Global Pulse\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, among others.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"48fb\" id=\"48fb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">A set of concrete pathways to implement the below immediately, in tandem with governments and other actors, is being developed and crowdsourced with the help of the signatories. When signing up please indicate whether you want to be part of the next steps.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Col class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"bfe1\" id=\"bfe1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">DEVELOPING A GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK:\u003C/strong> Public actors, private actors, and civil society, worldwide should work together to develop and/or clarify a governance framework for the trusted reuse of privately-held data toward the public interest. This framework should include \u003Ca href=\"https://www.sdsntrends.org/research/countingontheworld\" data-href=\"https://www.sdsntrends.org/research/countingontheworld\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">governance principles\u003C/a>, open data policies, trusted \u003Ca href=\"https://contractsfordatacollaboration.org/\" data-href=\"https://contractsfordatacollaboration.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">data re-use agreements\u003C/a>, transparency requirements and safeguards, and accountability mechanisms, including ethical councils, that clearly define duties of care for data accessed in emergency contexts and do not obligate new and additional data collection by the private sector.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1f6e\" id=\"1f6e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">BUILDING CAPACITY: \u003C/strong>Governments should increase the readiness and the operational capacity and maturity of the public and private sectors to re-use and act on data, for example by investing in the training, education, and reskilling of policymakers and civil servants so as to better build and deploy data collaboratives. Building capacity also includes increasing the ability to \u003Ca href=\"http://the100questions.org\" data-href=\"http://the100questions.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">ask and formulate questions\u003C/a> that matter and that could be answered by data. Such a list of priority questions and metrics could facilitate more rapid response by critical data holders.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9be0\" id=\"9be0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">ESTABLISHING DATA STEWARDS:\u003C/strong> Private, public, and civil society entities should create and promote the position of a Chief \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/wanted-data-stewards.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/wanted-data-stewards.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Data Stewards\u003C/a> within organizations. Data stewards would be mandated to coordinate and collaborate with counterparts toward unlocking the public interest value of data, to protect potentially sensitive information, and to act on insights derived through data analysis.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"37e4\" id=\"37e4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">BUILDING A NETWORK:\u003C/strong> Parties across sectors should establish a network of such data stewards. This community of practice can help to coordinate and streamline efforts and provide greater transparency on the current state of play with regard to data stewardship and collaboration. Its mission, objectives, participants, and criteria for participation should all be made open to the public, and its activities should be undertaken in an inclusive manner.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"122d\" id=\"122d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">ENGAGING PEOPLE:\u003C/strong> People should be encouraged to co-create data collaboratives for well-defined and documented public interest purposes of their choice. To enable this, governments and corporations should promote user-friendly crowdsourcing and data donation mechanisms. These mechanisms should clearly articulate to the public how their data will be responsibly used, re-used, and protected. In general, efforts should be made to make more transparent to people what the benefits of data collaboration could be for them personally and for society at large.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"55f7\" id=\"55f7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">UNLOCKING FUNDS: \u003C/strong>Funding from a variety of sources, including crowdfunding, should be unlocked and sustained without the use of heavy-handed procurement. Funders should support data systems and infrastructure with an eye toward future crises as well as current challenges. A system of pre-qualified recipients should be developed that can facilitate rapid access to resources during the first stages of a crisis. Other incentives for data collaboration should also be established, including the public recognition of private companies and civil organizations that engage in data collaboratives. Existing funding schemes should take societal priorities into account when making decisions on how to allocate funds or create incentives.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"cd47\" id=\"cd47\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">PROMOTING TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION:\u003C/strong> With the support of governments and foundations, data scientists and researchers should co-design and co-develop technologies needed to implement data collaboration at scale and in a responsible and sustainable way. This collaborative research should be as transparent and interdisciplinary as possible, and could focus initially on core needs such as privacy-preserving technologies, security technologies, and access-control technologies.\u003C/li>\u003C/ol>\u003Cp name=\"9c1a\" id=\"9c1a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">JOIN US AND SIGN \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://forms.gle/ecUKqubk5sfUCDPv9\" data-href=\"https://forms.gle/ecUKqubk5sfUCDPv9\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">HERE\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6191\" id=\"6191\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For more information and suggestions contact Stefaan G. Verhulst at The GovLab (stefaan @ thegovlab.org).\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"6e51\" id=\"6e51\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">SIGNATORIES (Still open and updated regularly)\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"aa66\" id=\"aa66\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Stefaan G. Verhulst\u003C/strong>, Co-Founder, The GovLab, New York University and Editor in Chief, Data & Policy, Cambridge University Press, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f1fd\" id=\"f1fd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Ciro Cattuto, \u003C/strong>Associate Professor at the University of Torino and Principal Scientist at the ISI Foundation, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d808\" id=\"d808\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Richard Benjamins\u003C/strong>, Chief AI & Data Strategist, Telefonica, Cofounder OdiseIA, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9f95\" id=\"9f95\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Massimo Lapucci, \u003C/strong>Secretary General Fondazione CRT, Chair European Foundation Centre Brussels, Italy and Belgium\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3f19\" id=\"3f19\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Catherine Stihler\u003C/strong>, CEO, Open Knowledge Foundation, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"880f\" id=\"880f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Nuria Oliver, \u003C/strong>Chief Data Scientist, Data-Pop Alliance, Cofounder ELLIS and OdiseIA, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fbc7\" id=\"fbc7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Alex Pentland\u003C/strong>, Professor MIT, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6742\" id=\"6742\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">William Hoffman\u003C/strong>, World Economic Forum, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1015\" id=\"1015\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Geoff Mulgan\u003C/strong>, UCL, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"22c0\" id=\"22c0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Leo Ferres\u003C/strong>, Associate Professor, Institute of Data Science, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad del Desarrollo, and Telefónica Research and Development, Santiago, Chile\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e618\" id=\"e618\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">John Wilbanks\u003C/strong>, Chief Commons Officer, Sage Bionetworks\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cf48\" id=\"cf48\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Brennan Lake\u003C/strong>, Senior Director of Research Partnerships, Cuebiq, Inc, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1e67\" id=\"1e67\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Irene Braam\u003C/strong>, Executive Director, Bertelsmann Foundation, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a2c2\" id=\"a2c2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Alberto Alemanno\u003C/strong>, Professor of Law, HEC Paris, Founder of The Good Lobby and rapporteur of the European Commission’s Expert Group on Business to Government Data Sharing, France\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"09ef\" id=\"09ef\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Christoph Lütge\u003C/strong>, Professor and Director, Institute for Ethics in AI, Technical University of Munich, Germany\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fdcb\" id=\"fdcb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Virginia Dignum\u003C/strong>, Professor, Umeå University, Sweden\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"20d6\" id=\"20d6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Ioana Stoenescu\u003C/strong>, Government Affairs Manager, Roche, Romania\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"17a5\" id=\"17a5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Idoia Salazar\u003C/strong>, President OdiseIA (Observatory for the Social and Ethical Impact of Artificial intelligence), Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"422e\" id=\"422e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Juan Murillo,\u003C/strong> Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, Madrid, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"273f\" id=\"273f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Pedro A. de Alarcon\u003C/strong>, Head of IoT & Data for Social Good, Telefonica, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f364\" id=\"f364\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Claudia Juech\u003C/strong>, CEO and President of the Cloudera Foundation, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2bc1\" id=\"2bc1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Urs Gasser\u003C/strong>, Berman Klein Center, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f9de\" id=\"f9de\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Enrique Frias-Martinez\u003C/strong>, Scientific Researcher, Telefonica Research, Madrid, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"06ec\" id=\"06ec\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Renaud Lambiotte\u003C/strong>, Associate Professor, Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3bd8\" id=\"3bd8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Albert Ali Salah\u003C/strong>, Professor, Information and Computing Sciences, Utrecht University, The Netherlands\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e966\" id=\"e966\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Dimitris Zissis\u003C/strong>, Associate Professor at University of the Aegean and Head of R&D, MarineTraffic, Greece\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6f21\" id=\"6f21\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Harald Sterly\u003C/strong>, Senior Researcher, University of Vienna, Austria\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cf03\" id=\"cf03\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Ingmar Weber,\u003C/strong> Qatar Computing Research Institute, Qatar\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ef2e\" id=\"ef2e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Luigi Di Caro\u003C/strong>, University of Turin, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c285\" id=\"c285\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Matthew Gee\u003C/strong>, CEO, Brighthive, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2957\" id=\"2957\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Jeni Tennison, \u003C/strong>CEO, Open Data Institute, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f87a\" id=\"f87a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Jessica Espey\u003C/strong>, Director, UN SDSN TReNDS (Thematic Research Network on Data and Statistics), United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9875\" id=\"9875\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Jean Claude Burgelman\u003C/strong>, Former Head Open Science, European Commission, Faculty of Social Science, Free University Brussels and Solvay Business School, Belgium\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bf09\" id=\"bf09\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Ulrich Mans,\u003C/strong> Founder, HumanityX.nl, The Netherlands\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1077\" id=\"1077\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Miguel Luengo-Oroz\u003C/strong>, Chief Data Scientist, United Nations Global Pulse\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d411\" id=\"d411\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Luca Pappalardo\u003C/strong>, Researcher, Institute of Information Science and Technologies (ISTI), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Pisa, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1075\" id=\"1075\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Anita McGahan, \u003C/strong>Professor, University of Toronto, Canada\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a188\" id=\"a188\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Daniela Paolotti, \u003C/strong>Scientific Coordinator of Influenzanet, ISI Foundation, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c28c\" id=\"c28c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Marzia Rango\u003C/strong>, Research and Data Officer, International Organization for Migration, Germany\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"54b6\" id=\"54b6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Davide Colla\u003C/strong>, PhD Student, University of Turin, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ed6b\" id=\"ed6b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Duccio Medini\u003C/strong>, Head Data Science and Digital Innovation, GSK Vaccines R&D, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1205\" id=\"1205\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Patrick Vinck, \u003C/strong>Director of Research, Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"323d\" id=\"323d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Nicolas de Cordes, \u003C/strong>VP Marketing Anticipation, Orange Group, France\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a419\" id=\"a419\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Claire Melamed\u003C/strong>, CEO, Global Partnership for Sustainable Development Data, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5e5f\" id=\"5e5f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">David Osimo\u003C/strong>, Director of Research at the Lisbon Council, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d06a\" id=\"d06a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Paul Hofheinz\u003C/strong>, President and Co-founder of the Lisbon Council, Belgium\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8766\" id=\"8766\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Daniele Manini\u003C/strong>, University of Turin, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c6e1\" id=\"c6e1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Matthew Salganik\u003C/strong>, Professor, Department of Sociology, Princeton University, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4687\" id=\"4687\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Julia Stoyanovich\u003C/strong>, Assistant Professor, New York University, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9907\" id=\"9907\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Phuong Pham, \u003C/strong>Harvard Medical School/Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7693\" id=\"7693\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Marci Harris\u003C/strong>, POPVOX, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bdbc\" id=\"bdbc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Francesco Mureddu\u003C/strong>, Lisbon Council for Economic Competitiveness and Social Renewal, Belgium\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"440e\" id=\"440e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Kareem Elbayar\u003C/strong>, Partnerships Manager, UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs — Centre for Humanitarian Data, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"81ce\" id=\"81ce\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Alyson Marks\u003C/strong>, Communications Manager, SDSN TReNDS, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4964\" id=\"4964\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Greg Bloom\u003C/strong>, Open Referral, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5d1e\" id=\"5d1e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Simone Ravaioli\u003C/strong>, Director Strategic Partnerships, Digitary, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"327a\" id=\"327a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Paolo De Rosa\u003C/strong>, CTO, Ministry of Innovation Technology and Digital Transformation, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6de5\" id=\"6de5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Pierluigi Contucci\u003C/strong>, Professor, University of Bologna, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2824\" id=\"2824\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Katie Clancy\u003C/strong>, IDRC, Canada\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2fad\" id=\"2fad\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Paolo Papotti\u003C/strong>, EURECOM, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6ecd\" id=\"6ecd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Antonio Lieto\u003C/strong>, University of Turin and ICAR-CNR, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b14a\" id=\"b14a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Rod Glover\u003C/strong>, Professor of Policy and Impact, Monash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Australia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9cc8\" id=\"9cc8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Panthea Lee\u003C/strong>, Executive Director, Reboot, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ffd2\" id=\"ffd2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Olivia Dorey\u003C/strong>, Unaffiliated\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c1ad\" id=\"c1ad\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Catherine Nikolovski\u003C/strong>, Executive Director, Civic Software Foundation, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"06bb\" id=\"06bb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Varun Aggarwal\u003C/strong>, Founder, India Migration Now, India\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2b58\" id=\"2b58\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Tim Spann\u003C/strong>, Field Engineer, Cloudera, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c5f0\" id=\"c5f0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Isabel Garcia\u003C/strong>, Gender Technical Adviser, Gavi, The Vaccine Alliance, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4016\" id=\"4016\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Joanne Cooper\u003C/strong>, Founder & CEO, ID Exchange, Australia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9672\" id=\"9672\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Hamed Alemohammad\u003C/strong>, Chief Data Scientist, Radiant Earth Foundation, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5b3b\" id=\"5b3b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Brendan Noakes\u003C/strong>, Adjunct Professor, New York University, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"69d8\" id=\"69d8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Adam Burns\u003C/strong>, Founder, free2air\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"115d\" id=\"115d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Astha Kapoor\u003C/strong>, Aapti Institute, India\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d159\" id=\"d159\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Misha Belkindas\u003C/strong>, Founder and Managing Director, Open Data Watch Consulting, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"70cf\" id=\"70cf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Vsevolod Salnikov\u003C/strong>, Co-Founder, @EisphorIA\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cc0d\" id=\"cc0d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Patricia Facultad\u003C/strong>, Partnerships Officer, World Food Programme, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"038f\" id=\"038f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Bettina Koebler\u003C/strong>, Design Researcher and Service Designer, Politics for Tomorrow, Germany\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a817\" id=\"a817\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">René Clausen Nielsen\u003C/strong>, Data Innovation Strategist, United Nations Global Pulse, Denmark\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9e60\" id=\"9e60\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Rossano Schifanella\u003C/strong>, University of Turin and ISI Foundation, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"803b\" id=\"803b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Bruno Lepri\u003C/strong>, Head of Research Unit, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c40f\" id=\"c40f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Kyriaki Kalimeri\u003C/strong>, ISI Foundation, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"69ce\" id=\"69ce\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Tuba Bircan\u003C/strong>, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c68b\" id=\"c68b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Mario Rasetti\u003C/strong>, Professor, ISI Foundation, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b708\" id=\"b708\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Francesco Bonchi\u003C/strong>, ISI Foundation, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c2fc\" id=\"c2fc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Viviana Bono\u003C/strong>, University of Turin, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6a6d\" id=\"6a6d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Nicole Harper\u003C/strong>, Editor, Digital Future Society, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b612\" id=\"b612\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Mia Dowman\u003C/strong>, Proposition Lead for Global Open Finance Centre of Excellence, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"87e0\" id=\"87e0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Yamir Moreno\u003C/strong>, Professor of Physics, University of Zaragoza and Principal Scientist, ISI Foundation, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e5e3\" id=\"e5e3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Maurizio Sbogar\u003C/strong>, Unaffiliated, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cc4c\" id=\"cc4c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Boris Villazon Terrazas\u003C/strong>, Boricles, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d739\" id=\"d739\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Diego Caro\u003C/strong>, Adjunct Professor, Data Science Institute, Universidad del Desarrollo and Telefónica I+D Chile, Chile\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bcb1\" id=\"bcb1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Robert Bjarnason\u003C/strong>, Citizens Foundation America, Iceland\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9d81\" id=\"9d81\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Erik Wetter\u003C/strong>, Stockholm School of Economics & Flowminder, Sweden\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5a65\" id=\"5a65\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Valerio Basile\u003C/strong>, University of Turin, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bcb4\" id=\"bcb4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Siim Esko\u003C/strong>, Positium, Estonia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c571\" id=\"c571\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Esther Minguela Carpintero\u003C/strong>, Founder, Localidata\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5583\" id=\"5583\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Juan Carlos De Martin\u003C/strong>, Professor, Nexa Center for Internet & Society at Politecnico di Torino, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8955\" id=\"8955\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sara Capecchi\u003C/strong>, University of Turin, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"30c4\" id=\"30c4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">David Pastor-Escuredo\u003C/strong>, Lead Data Scientist — itdUPM, Technical University Madrid, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"682b\" id=\"682b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Mar Schoebel\u003C/strong>, Executive Assistant, Telefónica, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"858a\" id=\"858a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">John Belchamber\u003C/strong>, Telefonica SA, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1192\" id=\"1192\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Jacob Ohrvik-Stott\u003C/strong>, Unaffiliated\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6500\" id=\"6500\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Tim Bean\u003C/strong>, Fellow, Institute for Data Marketing, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"868d\" id=\"868d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Rongkun Wang\u003C/strong>, University of Science and Technology of China, China\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c7a8\" id=\"c7a8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Iban Eguia Moraza\u003C/strong>, CERN, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fa56\" id=\"fa56\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Rodolfo Baggio\u003C/strong>, Bocconi University, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4593\" id=\"4593\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Diletta Di Marco\u003C/strong>, Polytechnic University of Milan, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0d8a\" id=\"0d8a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Cristina Gena\u003C/strong>, University of Turin, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bb5f\" id=\"bb5f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Pablo Collada\u003C/strong>, Researcher, Unaffiliated\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8eb1\" id=\"8eb1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Chris Knighting\u003C/strong>, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f7ab\" id=\"f7ab\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Ray Walshe\u003C/strong>, Adapt Research Centre at Dublin City University, Ireland\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4ba5\" id=\"4ba5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Barend Mons,\u003C/strong> Professor, Leiden University Medical Center and CODATA, The Netherlands\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dc06\" id=\"dc06\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Christine Kirkpatrick\u003C/strong>, San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California San Diego, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"59e4\" id=\"59e4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Symeon Papadopoulos\u003C/strong>, Senior Researcher, Centre for Research & Technology — Hellas and Information Technologies Institute, Greece\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7207\" id=\"7207\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Mariangiola Dezani\u003C/strong>, Professor, University of Turin, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0de3\" id=\"0de3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Jose Manuel Bernabeu Auban\u003C/strong>, Instituto Tecnologico de Informatica, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9b23\" id=\"9b23\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Ernestina Menasalvas\u003C/strong>, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ae29\" id=\"ae29\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Katherine Townsend\u003C/strong>, COO of Data.org and Executive Director of Open Data Collaboratives, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"168c\" id=\"168c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Paolo Bellavista\u003C/strong>, Professor, University of Bologna, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"47bd\" id=\"47bd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Samuel Klein\u003C/strong>, Steward, MIT Knowledge Futures Group, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fe60\" id=\"fe60\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Zach Verdin\u003C/strong>, MIT Knowledge Futures Group, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d5d0\" id=\"d5d0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Manlio De Domenico\u003C/strong>, Head of CoMuNe Lab, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0f26\" id=\"0f26\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Ana García Robles\u003C/strong>, Secretary General, Big Data Value Association\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"638b\" id=\"638b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Flavio S Correa da Silva\u003C/strong>, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c22d\" id=\"c22d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Prof Ana B. Bovan\u003C/strong>, President, CEDEF, Metropolitan University, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0622\" id=\"0622\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Dr. Juan Pane\u003C/strong>, Centro de Desarrollo Sostenible, Paraguay\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"edd9\" id=\"edd9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Anys Boukli\u003C/strong>, Digital Partners, Switzerland\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3af4\" id=\"3af4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Milad Katebi\u003C/strong>, Data Scientist, BE Business\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b181\" id=\"b181\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Annie Agarwal\u003C/strong>, Founder and Executive Director, 360ImpactData.Org\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6e9f\" id=\"6e9f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Marta Arsovska Tomovska\u003C/strong>, Director for PAR, UNDP and Office of the Prime Minister of Serbia, Serbia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f16e\" id=\"f16e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Prakhar Mehrotra\u003C/strong>, Senior Director of Machine Learning, Walmart, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f86b\" id=\"f86b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Paolo Giudici\u003C/strong>, Professor, University of Pavia, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"123b\" id=\"123b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Ferruccio Damiani\u003C/strong>, Professor Doctor, University of Turin, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c959\" id=\"c959\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Margus Tiru\u003C/strong>, Chief Methodologist, Positium, Estonia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8bd4\" id=\"8bd4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Marcos Sacristán Cepeda\u003C/strong>, Tree Technology SA, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6283\" id=\"6283\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Jonas Onland\u003C/strong>, CEO and Expert of Digital Transformation, Serendipity, The Netherlands\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e0bb\" id=\"e0bb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Maurizio Sbogar\u003C/strong>, Infrastructures Sector Coordinator, Tekniker, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"77d7\" id=\"77d7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Tuomo Tuikka\u003C/strong>, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0f6a\" id=\"0f6a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Caj Södergård,\u003C/strong> Research Professor, VTT, Finland\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9790\" id=\"9790\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Aitor Arnaiz\u003C/strong>, Tekniker, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b892\" id=\"b892\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Erki Saluveer\u003C/strong>, CEO, Positium, Estonia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fbcb\" id=\"fbcb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Stefano Piotto\u003C/strong>, University of Salerno, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c9ae\" id=\"c9ae\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Salvatore Cospito\u003C/strong>, CTO, Datmean, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0526\" id=\"0526\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Dörthe Koerner\u003C/strong>, Senior Adviser, The Brønnøysund Register Centre, Norway\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"09c1\" id=\"09c1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Christopher Brooks\u003C/strong>, Flowminder Foundation, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2694\" id=\"2694\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Catherine Vogel\u003C/strong>, Co-Coordinator, GIZ Data Lab, Germany\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"38b6\" id=\"38b6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Hans De Canck\u003C/strong>, VUB AI Experience Center / AI for the Common Good / CLAIRE Belgium, Belgium\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0827\" id=\"0827\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Yolanda Martínez\u003C/strong>, InterAmerican Development Bank, Chile\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ebcb\" id=\"ebcb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Julian Ranger\u003C/strong>, Executive Chairman & Founder, digi.me, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"99e8\" id=\"99e8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Rosa Meo\u003C/strong>, University of Turin, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fc2c\" id=\"fc2c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Judith Libchaber\u003C/strong>, Founder & Managing Director, @DataCity Lab, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dda1\" id=\"dda1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Alejandro Rodríguez González\u003C/strong>, Associate Professor, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ff2d\" id=\"ff2d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Buster Franken\u003C/strong>, FruitPunch AI, The Netherlands\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3761\" id=\"3761\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Per-Olof Svensk\u003C/strong>, Swedish Transport Administration, Sweden\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bbec\" id=\"bbec\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Giuseppe Attardi\u003C/strong>, Professor, University of Pisa, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"92bf\" id=\"92bf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Andrew Oram\u003C/strong>, O’Reilly Media, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9c5e\" id=\"9c5e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Josh Reynolds\u003C/strong>, Unaffiliated, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3580\" id=\"3580\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Peter Wells\u003C/strong>, Unaffiliated, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8575\" id=\"8575\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Pieter Boon\u003C/strong>, Co-founder & CEO, Cape AI, South Africa\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c3e5\" id=\"c3e5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Alessandro Druetto\u003C/strong>, University of Turin, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6ec1\" id=\"6ec1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Marko Turpeinen\u003C/strong>, CEO / Adjunct Professor, 1001 Lakes / Aalto University, Finland\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7ed6\" id=\"7ed6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Dan Wu\u003C/strong>, Housing Futures, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e950\" id=\"e950\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Stefan Van Baelen\u003C/strong>, Data Scientist, IMEC vzw, Germany\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"db5d\" id=\"db5d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Gaurav Godhwani\u003C/strong>, CivicDataLab, India\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4904\" id=\"4904\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Dörthe Koerner\u003C/strong>, Senior Adviser, The Brønnøysund Register Centre, Norway\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8ff5\" id=\"8ff5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Srini Venkatramanan\u003C/strong>, University of Virginia, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"93c2\" id=\"93c2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Beth Blauer\u003C/strong>, Executive Director of Centers for Civic Impact, John Hopkins University, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"43c2\" id=\"43c2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Nuria De Lama\u003C/strong>, European Programs Manager, Atos\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"aa48\" id=\"aa48\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Christian Merz\u003C/strong>, Co-Coordinator, GIZ Data Lab, Germany\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"925e\" id=\"925e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Francesca De Chiara\u003C/strong>, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8dc4\" id=\"8dc4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Maithri Vangala\u003C/strong>, BrightHive, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a3c2\" id=\"a3c2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">André Grow\u003C/strong>, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Germany\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cc27\" id=\"cc27\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Daniela Perrotta\u003C/strong>, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Germany\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0875\" id=\"0875\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Susan Aaronson\u003C/strong>, Research Professor and Director, Digital Trade and Data Governance Hub, George Washington\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9230\" id=\"9230\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Alexandra Silfverstolpe\u003C/strong>, Founder & Managing Director, Data Act Lab, Sweden\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e770\" id=\"e770\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Thais Ruiz de Alda\u003C/strong>, Director, Digitalfems, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"38e2\" id=\"38e2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Dosse Sossouga\u003C/strong>, ADET (Amis des Etrangers au Togo: ADET), Togo\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0d76\" id=\"0d76\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Geertrui Mieke De Ketelaere\u003C/strong>, imec, Belgium\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8218\" id=\"8218\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Jenny Barnea\u003C/strong>, Data Analyst, Measurable Meaningful Data Design, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9647\" id=\"9647\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Graham MacDonald\u003C/strong>, Chief Data Scientist, Urban Institute, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5da5\" id=\"5da5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Bob Gradeck\u003C/strong>, Project Director of the University of Pittsburgh’s Pennsylvania Regional Data Center, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0de0\" id=\"0de0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Peter Addo\u003C/strong>, Project Director, French Development Agency, France\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ab6a\" id=\"ab6a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Bettina Schaller\u003C/strong>, Head Group Public Affairs, The Adecco Group, Switzerland\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"36e2\" id=\"36e2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Ian Thompson\u003C/strong>, Unaffiliated, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5c5d\" id=\"5c5d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Kieran Sharpey-Schafer\u003C/strong>, Palindrome Data, South Africa\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bc8b\" id=\"bc8b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Mary Benjamins\u003C/strong>, Amsterdam Filmmaker, The Netherlands\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c2c7\" id=\"c2c7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Fredrik Lindén\u003C/strong>, CoFounder, MyData Ideell förening Sweden, Sweden\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"437f\" id=\"437f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Marit Holm Torseth\u003C/strong>, Senior Advisor, Brønnøysund Register Centre, Norway\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"73b1\" id=\"73b1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Linus Bengtsson\u003C/strong>, Executive Director, Flowminder, Switzerland\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8f82\" id=\"8f82\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">David Shrier\u003C/strong>, Managing Director, Visionary Future LLC, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c920\" id=\"c920\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Rosemary Okello-Orlale\u003C/strong>, Academic, Kenya\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5fc6\" id=\"5fc6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Jaime De Mora\u003C/strong>, Data scientist and strategist, CARTO, Spain and the United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d901\" id=\"d901\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Frederico Gardaphe\u003C/strong>, Qri, Inc., United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dca8\" id=\"dca8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Ania Calderon\u003C/strong>, Executive Director, Open Data Charter\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0b3b\" id=\"0b3b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Paolo Invernizzi\u003C/strong>, Consultant, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"700e\" id=\"700e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Nikesh Balami\u003C/strong>, CEO, Open Knowledge Nepal, Nepal\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1e96\" id=\"1e96\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Matt Perault\u003C/strong>, Center on Science & Technology Policy at Duke University, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"93e2\" id=\"93e2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sergii Mikhtoniuk\u003C/strong>, Founder, kamu.dev, Canada\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1c38\" id=\"1c38\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Brian Aoaeh\u003C/strong>, Co-Founder and General Partner of REFASHIOND Ventures;Co-Founder & Co-Organizer of The Worldwide Supply Chain Federation; Adjunct Professor at NYU Tandon School of Engineering, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e00e\" id=\"e00e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Soon Chun\u003C/strong>, Professor, City University of New York, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"838d\" id=\"838d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Nancy Daneau\u003C/strong>, Associate Vice Provost for Research, New York University, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c11e\" id=\"c11e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Luca Anselma\u003C/strong>, University of Turin, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c0f1\" id=\"c0f1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Maurits Vijsma\u003C/strong>, Unaffiliated, The Netherlands\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3e64\" id=\"3e64\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Taylor Kendal\u003C/strong>, Learning Economy Foundation\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6b94\" id=\"6b94\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Quincy Childs\u003C/strong>, Knowledge Futures Group (MIT), United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b248\" id=\"b248\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Aurore Paligot\u003C/strong>, Tapp, The Netherlands\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"be48\" id=\"be48\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Alberto Bitonti\u003C/strong>, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1573\" id=\"1573\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Matias Zabaljauregui\u003C/strong>, CEO, Venten Consulting Network; Founder, Argand Nonprofit DAO — AI for LATAM, Argentina\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ee50\" id=\"ee50\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Camilla Bertoncin\u003C/strong>, Nesta, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"30c8\" id=\"30c8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Aline Blankertz\u003C/strong>, Stiftung Neue Verantwortung, Germany\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d546\" id=\"d546\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Tina Woods\u003C/strong>, CEO & Founder, Collider Health, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6c8d\" id=\"6c8d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Anthony Cosgrove\u003C/strong>, Co-Founder, Harbrdata.com, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3736\" id=\"3736\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Gavin Starks\u003C/strong>, Dgen.net, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3824\" id=\"3824\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sepi Chakaveh\u003C/strong>, Course Director in Data Science & AI, University of Oxford, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b50e\" id=\"b50e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Stephanie Pau\u003C/strong>, Health Futures Design Researcher, XHealth Lab\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0fb4\" id=\"0fb4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Rahma Beaugrand\u003C/strong>, Unaffiliated\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fab6\" id=\"fab6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Joann Rhodes\u003C/strong>, Healthcare Strategy and Transformation, TransRes Ltd, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2852\" id=\"2852\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Tamara Zubatiy\u003C/strong>, VeriCrypt, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5504\" id=\"5504\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Matt Rumsey\u003C/strong>, Research and Communications Manager, Center for Open Data Enterprise, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d492\" id=\"d492\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Fabrice Tocco\u003C/strong>, Co-CEO, DAWEX, France\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"be6d\" id=\"be6d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Dane Gambrell\u003C/strong>, The GovLab, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1374\" id=\"1374\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Rory Macmillan\u003C/strong>, Partner, Macmillan Keck Attorneys & Solicitors, Switzerland/United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c5e5\" id=\"c5e5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Deepti Atrish\u003C/strong>, CEO & Founder, Poonyah Care Ltd, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9339\" id=\"9339\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Stefania Milan\u003C/strong>, Associate Professor of New Media, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e6c1\" id=\"e6c1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Tyler Kleykamp\u003C/strong>, Beeck Center for Social Impact + Innovation, Georgetown University, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c779\" id=\"c779\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Gabriel Zech\u003C/strong>, Bertelsmann Foundation, Germany\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9de6\" id=\"9de6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Donald Lobo\u003C/strong>, CEO, Chintu Gudiya Foundation and Project Tech4Dev, United States/India\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2ac2\" id=\"2ac2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Kieran Brown, \u003C/strong>Berkeley Research Group, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"90ed\" id=\"90ed\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Lea Marais\u003C/strong>, Heartbeat Medical, Germany\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"695e\" id=\"695e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Arsalan Noorafkan\u003C/strong>, Co-Founder, Atlys Networks, Canada\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ff13\" id=\"ff13\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Fabio Malagnino, \u003C/strong>Digital Communication and Open Government, Piedmont Regional Council, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2bba\" id=\"2bba\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Samuel Fraiberger, \u003C/strong>Computational Social Scientist, World Bank\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7471\" id=\"7471\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Rachel Joynes\u003C/strong>, Liverpool Health Partners, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"203e\" id=\"203e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Phillip Noble\u003C/strong>, Managing Partner, Strategic Project Partners, Australia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cb52\" id=\"cb52\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Titi Kanti Lestari\u003C/strong>, Statistics Indonesia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2e7f\" id=\"2e7f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Simon Miles\u003C/strong>, Director of the Centre for Urban Science and Progress, King’s College, London, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f391\" id=\"f391\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Siddhartha Chaturvedi\u003C/strong>, Microsoft\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fccf\" id=\"fccf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Stacey Rolland, \u003C/strong>Unaffiliated\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e2f2\" id=\"e2f2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Riya Singh\u003C/strong>, University of Chicago’s International Innovation Corps, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"78f0\" id=\"78f0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Damien Jacques\u003C/strong>, Dalberg Data Insights, Belgium\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5ea2\" id=\"5ea2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Jan Lorenz, \u003C/strong>Jacobs University Bremen, Germany\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7966\" id=\"7966\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">H.V. Jagadish, \u003C/strong>Director, Michigan Institute for Data Science, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"381f\" id=\"381f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Thoai Ngo\u003C/strong>, Global Program Director, Poverty, Gender, and Youth, Population Council\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fc5f\" id=\"fc5f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">John Pougué Biyong\u003C/strong>, PhD student, University of Oxford, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8881\" id=\"8881\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Leyla Keser\u003C/strong>,\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> \u003C/strong>Istanbul Bilgi University, Turkey\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a336\" id=\"a336\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Rachel Sibande\u003C/strong>, Program Director, Digital Impact Alliance,United Nations Foundation\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"63b0\" id=\"63b0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Omar Seidu\u003C/strong>, Ghana Statistical Service\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"613c\" id=\"613c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Mark Hereward\u003C/strong>, Associate Director, Data & Analytics, UNICEF\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5d78\" id=\"5d78\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Dr. Alison Knight\u003C/strong>, University of Southampton, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5d23\" id=\"5d23\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Yee Chin\u003C/strong>, Student, University of Sydney, Australia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2818\" id=\"2818\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Salvatore Iaconesi\u003C/strong>, Founder of the Research Center, Human Ecosystems Relazioni, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8a8f\" id=\"8a8f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Christian Racca\u003C/strong>, Senior Engineer and BIG DIVE Program Manager, TOP-IX, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2e90\" id=\"2e90\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Maciej Możejewski\u003C/strong>, Director, Open Society Institute BWF, Poland\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d6ca\" id=\"d6ca\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Bernie Hogan\u003C/strong>, University of Oxford, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"67b4\" id=\"67b4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Petra Konecna\u003C/strong>, Senior Consultant, Deloitte, Czech Republic\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3e41\" id=\"3e41\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Aristea Fotopoulou\u003C/strong>, University of Brighton, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5334\" id=\"5334\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Leonardo Camiciotti\u003C/strong>, Executive Director, TOP-IX Consortium, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fcee\" id=\"fcee\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Thomas Tombal\u003C/strong>, University of Namur, Belgium\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"60e0\" id=\"60e0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Rutger Van Zuidam\u003C/strong>, Odyssey.org, The Netherlands\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ebc8\" id=\"ebc8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Ben McAlister\u003C/strong>, \u003Ca href=\"http://www.hl7.org.uk\" data-href=\"http://www.hl7.org.uk\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">hl7.org.uk\u003C/a>, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9649\" id=\"9649\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Esperanza Magpantay\u003C/strong>, Senior Statistician, ITU,\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1262\" id=\"1262\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Folke Hermansson Snickars\u003C/strong>, Founding Member of MyData Global, Sweden\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"48f6\" id=\"48f6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Juliana Carvalho\u003C/strong> Cortes Silva, PhD Student, University of Porto, Portugal\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1b71\" id=\"1b71\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Ronald Jansen\u003C/strong>, Chief Data Innovation and Capacity Development, United Nations Statistics Division\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"48f4\" id=\"48f4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Emily Pryor\u003C/strong>, Executive Director, Data2X, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7de6\" id=\"7de6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Juan Pablo Marin Diaz\u003C/strong>, CEO, Datasketch, Colombia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ede1\" id=\"ede1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Mohammad Hossein Khani\u003C/strong>, Open Data Head, Transparency for Iran, Iran\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1eb0\" id=\"1eb0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Hawi Rapudo\u003C/strong>, Kijiji Yeetu, Kenya\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7875\" id=\"7875\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Chen Feng\u003C/strong>, Assistant Professor, New York University\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1dbf\" id=\"1dbf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Weenarin Lulitanonda\u003C/strong>, Thailand Clean Air Network, Thailand\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"040c\" id=\"040c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Steinar Skagemo\u003C/strong>, Senior Adviser, The Brønnøysund Register Centre, Norway\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"98d6\" id=\"98d6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Licia Capra\u003C/strong>, University College London, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6b59\" id=\"6b59\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Chantal Re\u003C/strong>, La Dua Valadda SCS, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3774\" id=\"3774\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Giovanni Quattrone\u003C/strong>, Middlesex University, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4b5b\" id=\"4b5b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Roger Gorman\u003C/strong>, ProFinda.com, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f238\" id=\"f238\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Daniele Quercia\u003C/strong>, Nokia Bell Labs\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"450f\" id=\"450f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Bernadette Hyland-Wood\u003C/strong>, University of Queensland, Australia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cf8d\" id=\"cf8d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Emanuele Massaro\u003C/strong>, EPFL, Switzerland\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8414\" id=\"8414\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Evaristus Ezekwem\u003C/strong>, New York University, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a899\" id=\"a899\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Shikta Das\u003C/strong>, Honorary Lecturer, University College London, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"880a\" id=\"880a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Jessica Seddon\u003C/strong>, Princeton University, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"57d7\" id=\"57d7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Theresa Pardo\u003C/strong>, Center for Technology in Government of the University at Albany, SUNY, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3222\" id=\"3222\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Wesley Hau\u003C/strong>, Chair, Agency Open Data Community of Practice, Canada\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3ec7\" id=\"3ec7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Ellie Fitzpatrick\u003C/strong>, PricewaterhouseCoopers, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9fdf\" id=\"9fdf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Aimee Whitcroft\u003C/strong>, Data 4D, New Zealand\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9cba\" id=\"9cba\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Megan O’Flynn\u003C/strong>, Unaffiliated, Ireland\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f625\" id=\"f625\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Lequanne Collins-Bacchus\u003C/strong>, Product Manager, Government of Canada, Canada\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a5a2\" id=\"a5a2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Nora Kensington\u003C/strong>, Unaffiliated, Canada\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1706\" id=\"1706\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Guy Stecklov\u003C/strong>, Professor, University of British Columbia, Canada\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"91df\" id=\"91df\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Tiziano Blasi\u003C/strong>, ActionAid Italia, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fa27\" id=\"fa27\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Harpinder Collacott\u003C/strong>, Executive Director, Development Initiatives, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3a56\" id=\"3a56\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Ugo Montevecchi\u003C/strong>, Unaffiliated, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dc30\" id=\"dc30\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Filippo Candela\u003C/strong>, Compagnia di San Paolo, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b810\" id=\"b810\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Milena Krumova\u003C/strong>, European Institute for Technologies, Education and Digitalisation, Bulgaria\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b788\" id=\"b788\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Alexander Madama\u003C/strong>, Chief Technologist for Healthcare and Life Sciences, Hewlett Packard Enterprise, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b0f3\" id=\"b0f3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Vicenc Ferrer\u003C/strong>, Mediktor\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"581a\" id=\"581a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Samira Khan\u003C/strong>, Senior Manager of Global Impact Engagement, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d22e\" id=\"d22e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Andrei Dusmikeev\u003C/strong>, CEO, Medium Systems LLC — Disease risks from environment, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e3fb\" id=\"e3fb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Dipesh Mistry\u003C/strong>, Knowledge and Insights Manager, CitizenMe, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0631\" id=\"0631\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Milena Ivkovic\u003C/strong>, Director, Blok74 Urban Simulations / Urban Communications Rotterdam, The Netherlands\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a0c6\" id=\"a0c6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Neisan Massarrat\u003C/strong>, Senior Director, SecondMuse, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"201e\" id=\"201e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Maneesh Juneja\u003C/strong>, Digital Health Futurist, MJ Analytics Ltd\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f514\" id=\"f514\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Jeffery Smith\u003C/strong>, VP of Public Policy, AMIA\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"add0\" id=\"add0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Jenny Huang\u003C/strong>, Co-Founder, IFOSSF, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6faa\" id=\"6faa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Juliana Couras\u003C/strong>, Master’s Student, Univeristy of Porto and University of Aveiro, Portugal\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b075\" id=\"b075\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Terry Jackson\u003C/strong>, Director of Content Partnerships. Cottenham Open Community Interest Company, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a245\" id=\"a245\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Giovanni Colavizza\u003C/strong>, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ce74\" id=\"ce74\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Jackie Yan\u003C/strong>, GSS\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4a2c\" id=\"4a2c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Thiago Vaz Simas dos Santos,\u003C/strong>Technological Federal University from Paraná, Brazil\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7f4c\" id=\"7f4c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Cat Harwood-Smith\u003C/strong>, Director of Insight and Improvement, British Red Cross, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8dcc\" id=\"8dcc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Mohamed Timoulali\u003C/strong>, GTOPIC, Morocco\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9033\" id=\"9033\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">June Choi, \u003C/strong>General Partner, Serval Ventures, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a134\" id=\"a134\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Julia Turska\u003C/strong>, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8d03\" id=\"8d03\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Riel Miller\u003C/strong>, Paris, France\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ac5f\" id=\"ac5f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Irina Rish\u003C/strong>, University of Montreal, Canada\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9788\" id=\"9788\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Elena Ikonomovska\u003C/strong>, Head of Machine Learning & AI, Change.org, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1545\" id=\"1545\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Ana Londral\u003C/strong>, Value for Health CoLAB, Portugal\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8cc4\" id=\"8cc4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Nikos Manouselis\u003C/strong>, Agroknow, Greece\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c9eb\" id=\"c9eb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Antonio Pepe\u003C/strong>, Doctor, “Ospedale Maggiore” Verona Borgo Trento Hospital Verona, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c2fe\" id=\"c2fe\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Geoff Mulgan\u003C/strong>, University College London, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"86dc\" id=\"86dc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sean Griffin\u003C/strong>, CEO, Disaster Tech, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bfba\" id=\"bfba\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Marcelo Cabr\u003C/strong>, Arapyau Foundation, Brazil\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"780c\" id=\"780c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Gurkirat Sekhon\u003C/strong>, New York University, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1caf\" id=\"1caf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Stacy Prendeville\u003C/strong>, Researcher, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"98c9\" id=\"98c9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Danielle Beltran\u003C/strong>, Data Strategist, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9ff1\" id=\"9ff1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Özge Nilay Yalcin\u003C/strong>, Simon Fraser University, Canada\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"103b\" id=\"103b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Rachel Han\u003C/strong>, Opendatasoft\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"99f9\" id=\"99f9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Marcelo Cabr\u003C/strong>, Arapyau Foundation, Brazil\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2a6b\" id=\"2a6b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Kelsey Markey\u003C/strong>, Master’s Student, New York University\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7729\" id=\"7729\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Max Lynam\u003C/strong>, Founder, isgood.ai, Australia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4f2a\" id=\"4f2a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Kay McGowan\u003C/strong>, Future State — UN Foundation\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d609\" id=\"d609\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Juan Carlos Rodríguez Rojo\u003C/strong>, Engaging Citizens, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9694\" id=\"9694\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Ana Ouriques\u003C/strong>, CEO Land Insight & Resources, Board United Nations Association of Australia, Australia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1ade\" id=\"1ade\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Mark Craddock\u003C/strong>, Co-Founder, Global Certification and Training, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6761\" id=\"6761\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Pablo Gómez\u003C/strong>, Genasys Inc, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"39d8\" id=\"39d8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">David Gordon\u003C/strong>, Longliv Ventures, Israel\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"191b\" id=\"191b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Vicente Castillo Guillén\u003C/strong>, Unaffiliated, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"60f6\" id=\"60f6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Filippo Imberti\u003C/strong>, Overmap, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"43bb\" id=\"43bb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Hilary Kane\u003C/strong>, Unaffiliated, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"45ea\" id=\"45ea\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Daniel Harris\u003C/strong>, Founder, Kendraio, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"05c4\" id=\"05c4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Harshit Sinha\u003C/strong>, Team Leader, M/s H. M. Sinha, India\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8ef9\" id=\"8ef9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Kate Farrahi\u003C/strong>, University of Southampton, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c665\" id=\"c665\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">David Watts\u003C/strong>, Professor, La Trobe University Law School, Australia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6e5c\" id=\"6e5c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Scott Hammesfahr\u003C/strong>, Unaffiliated, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"411e\" id=\"411e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Jean Hindriks\u003C/strong>, Head of the Economics School, Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e43d\" id=\"e43d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Pieter Ballon\u003C/strong>, Director, imec-SMIT, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d6f7\" id=\"d6f7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Fabio Pianesi\u003C/strong>, Fondazione Bruno Kessler and EIT Digital\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"429a\" id=\"429a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Alberto Gómez Isassi\u003C/strong>, Co-Founder of Irys and Director of Tamaulipas Media Lab, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9752\" id=\"9752\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Jeremy Boy\u003C/strong>, Data Scientist, UNDP Accelerator Labs, France\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1e0f\" id=\"1e0f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Agata Soccini\u003C/strong>, University of Turin\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"149f\" id=\"149f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Jannes Nys\u003C/strong>, Ghent University, Belgium\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3e39\" id=\"3e39\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Milan van den Heuvel\u003C/strong>, Ghent University, Belgium\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"aee3\" id=\"aee3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Joel Gurin\u003C/strong>, President, Center for Open Data Enterprise, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"145c\" id=\"145c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Elena Sinel\u003C/strong>, Founder & CEO, Teens in AI, Chile\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5a64\" id=\"5a64\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Marcos Brito\u003C/strong>, Instituto Brasileiro de Mercados e Capitais, Brazil\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bcb0\" id=\"bcb0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Donald Case\u003C/strong>, CEO, BizCare, Inc., Brazil\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3bfd\" id=\"3bfd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Bettina Köbler\u003C/strong>, Politics for Tomorrow, Germany\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3a9a\" id=\"3a9a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Chris Were\u003C/strong>, Verida, Australia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"131f\" id=\"131f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Alvaro Rojo Perez\u003C/strong>, Genasys, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b352\" id=\"b352\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Hasan Suzen\u003C/strong>, President & CEO, Beyond the Horizon International Strategic Studies Group & Hybrid Core Co., Belgium\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7133\" id=\"7133\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Lorena Pérez Campillo\u003C/strong>, Professor and Researcher UPV/EHU, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6809\" id=\"6809\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Dana Chermesh, \u003C/strong>CEO, inCitu, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"adff\" id=\"adff\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Anna Hermsen\u003C/strong>, TNO, The Netherlands\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"70e0\" id=\"70e0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Fausto Villani\u003C/strong>, TBox Chain, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"09ba\" id=\"09ba\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Audrey Lobo-Pulo\u003C/strong>, Phoensight, Australia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d0bf\" id=\"d0bf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Enrique Munoz de Cote\u003C/strong>, Atchai, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"91b1\" id=\"91b1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Morgan Briggs\u003C/strong>, University of Oxford, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ebaa\" id=\"ebaa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sonia Yamileth Castro\u003C/strong>, Colombia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6163\" id=\"6163\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Jai Ganesh Udayasankaran\u003C/strong>, Asia eHealth Information Network (AeHIN), India\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3aff\" id=\"3aff\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Shrestha Gattani\u003C/strong>, Dalberg, India\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a43e\" id=\"a43e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Enrique Munoz de Cote\u003C/strong>, Atchai Ltd, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"025e\" id=\"025e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Julien Foucart\u003C/strong>, Head of Data (Belgium) of the Havas Media Group, Belgium\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bf0b\" id=\"bf0b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Catia Marques\u003C/strong>, Population Services International Angola and Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Nova University of Lisbon, Angola\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3971\" id=\"3971\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Andrew Kanter\u003C/strong>, Director and CMO, Columbia International eHealth Lab/Intelligent Medical Objects, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2266\" id=\"2266\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Munib Mesinovic\u003C/strong>, NYU Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f6b1\" id=\"f6b1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Hannah Alsdurf\u003C/strong>, University of Ottawa, Canada\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"aa3b\" id=\"aa3b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Yuetong Wang\u003C/strong>, Southeast University, China\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c635\" id=\"c635\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Gordana Halavanja\u003C/strong>, Co-Operating Systems, Germany\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6c24\" id=\"6c24\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Jens Cheung\u003C/strong>, Social Research, Australia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a37d\" id=\"a37d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Afke Schaart\u003C/strong>, GSMA, Belgium\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"71b0\" id=\"71b0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Kris Broekaert\u003C/strong>, World Economic Forum, Switzerland\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"835d\" id=\"835d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Azima Abakirova\u003C/strong>, Technical Support Consultant, Kyrgyzstan\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"880d\" id=\"880d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Vikas Dwivedi\u003C/strong>, Palladium, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b091\" id=\"b091\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Andrzej Klimczuk\u003C/strong>, Assistant Professor, SGH Warsaw School of Economics, Poland\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bb05\" id=\"bb05\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Paul Riser\u003C/strong>, Director of Detroit Urban Solutions, Techtown Detroit, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"57c8\" id=\"57c8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Hank Graber\u003C/strong>, CEO, The Mat|r Project, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e55b\" id=\"e55b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Simon Sylvester-Chaudhuri\u003C/strong>, CIV:LAB and The Grid\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"97a0\" id=\"97a0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Anthony Boanada-Fuchs\u003C/strong>, University of St. Gallen, Brazil and Switzerland\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"299c\" id=\"299c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Eri Saikawa\u003C/strong>, Emory University, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"93c1\" id=\"93c1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Shweta Arora\u003C/strong>, Unaffiliated, India\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bded\" id=\"bded\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Rita Deng\u003C/strong>, Senior Planning Specialist, Montgomery County Department of Health and Human Services, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"42c2\" id=\"42c2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Rico Ancog\u003C/strong>, Associate Professor, University of the Philippines Los Baños, The Philippines\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5026\" id=\"5026\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">José Luis Cervera Ferri\u003C/strong>, CEO, DevStat Servicios de Consultoría Estadística, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8ead\" id=\"8ead\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Peter B. Larsen\u003C/strong>, Owner & Director, Smart City Insights ApS, Denmark\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3933\" id=\"3933\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Javier Camacho\u003C/strong>, Director, Sostenibilidad Etica, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0e5c\" id=\"0e5c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Maria Clara Desalvo\u003C/strong>, Bridge the Gap, Argentina\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"08ef\" id=\"08ef\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Elia Gandolfi\u003C/strong>, Data scientist, Social Enterprise, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fbe2\" id=\"fbe2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Nicolas Kleovoulou\u003C/strong>, Clinical Operations, Pharmaceuticals R&D, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9f62\" id=\"9f62\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Matthias Mazenauer\u003C/strong>, Statistical Office of the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3078\" id=\"3078\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Neil Britto\u003C/strong>, The Intersector Project\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8ae4\" id=\"8ae4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Lylian Coelho Ferreira\u003C/strong>, Vice President and Co-Founder, WomEnvAi — women and men in environment and artificial intelligence, France\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b9fd\" id=\"b9fd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Bernhard Krabina\u003C/strong>, KDZ — Centre for Public Administration Research, Austria\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"648a\" id=\"648a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Balakrishna Pisupati\u003C/strong>, Chairperson, FLEDGE, Indonesia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fc5b\" id=\"fc5b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Robert Ndugwa\u003C/strong>, UN-Habitat, Kenya\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e116\" id=\"e116\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Michail Skaliotis\u003C/strong>, European Commission\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"27fb\" id=\"27fb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Andrea Thornbury\u003C/strong>, Belfast City Council, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"67bb\" id=\"67bb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Marc Bosch Matas\u003C/strong>, Idencity Consulting, Spain\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"aef5\" id=\"aef5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Jonathan Askin\u003C/strong>, Professor, Brooklyn Law Incubator & Policy Clinic, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7c70\" id=\"7c70\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Kernie Obimakinde\u003C/strong>, Unaffiliated, Nigeria\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b2e6\" id=\"b2e6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Omar Bakari\u003C/strong>, Tanzania Datalab, Tanzania\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1a86\" id=\"1a86\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Carlos Santos-Burgoa\u003C/strong>, Professor, George Washington University School of Public Health, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"94c7\" id=\"94c7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sasha Luccioni\u003C/strong>, Director of Scientific Projects — AI for Humanity, Mila Institute, Canada\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5686\" id=\"5686\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Jaron Heard\u003C/strong>, Civic Software Foundation, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9631\" id=\"9631\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Darya Zlochevsky\u003C/strong>, School of Visual Arts, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dab8\" id=\"dab8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Abu Bakarr Jalloh\u003C/strong>, Sanusi Research & Consulting, Sierra Leone\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2b19\" id=\"2b19\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Ricardo Chavarriaga\u003C/strong>, CLAIRE Office Switzerland, Switzerland\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6619\" id=\"6619\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Nathan Koeshall\u003C/strong>, Catalyst Balkans, Serbia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"14b5\" id=\"14b5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Iain Henderson\u003C/strong>, MyData Global, Scotland\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"424b\" id=\"424b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Daniel Mietchen\u003C/strong>, School of Data Science, University of Virginia, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4890\" id=\"4890\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Justin Arenstein, \u003C/strong>Code for Africa\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5672\" id=\"5672\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Patsian Low, \u003C/strong>Chief of Staff, AVPN, Singapore\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5412\" id=\"5412\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Charles Sandy\u003C/strong>, Public Health Department, Zimbabwe\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fb5c\" id=\"fb5c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Braden Cody\u003C/strong>, Yale University, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"46e7\" id=\"46e7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Daniele Narduzzi\u003C/strong>, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"adaa\" id=\"adaa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Andrew Collinge\u003C/strong>, Advisor, Smart Dubai, United Arab Emirates\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4e50\" id=\"4e50\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Clio Flego\u003C/strong>, MediaAC programme, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6ed3\" id=\"6ed3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Thanos Sklavenitis\u003C/strong>, Lloyd’s Banking Group and DataLab Alumnus\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"57ff\" id=\"57ff\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Filippo Candela\u003C/strong>, Data Scientist, Compagnia di San Paolo, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2b14\" id=\"2b14\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Nathan Koeshall\u003C/strong>, Catalyst Balkans, Serbia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"37c3\" id=\"37c3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Ivan Caballero\u003C/strong>, Citibeats\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4683\" id=\"4683\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Federico Bartolomucci\u003C/strong>, Research Fellow on Management Engineering and Social Innovation, Politecnico di Milano, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"20ee\" id=\"20ee\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Roderick Besseling\u003C/strong>, Data Steward, Unaffiliated\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0d2a\" id=\"0d2a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Donald Case\u003C/strong>, Owner, BizCare, Inc, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7af1\" id=\"7af1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Godwin Yeboah\u003C/strong>, Institute for Global Sustainable Development based at the University of Warwick, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0d2c\" id=\"0d2c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Aaron Bean\u003C/strong>, Managing Partner, Asemio, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"41bd\" id=\"41bd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Thomas Johnson\u003C/strong>, Unaffiliated, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4a11\" id=\"4a11\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Haris Zacharatos\u003C/strong>, Cyprus, Cellock Ltd.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a043\" id=\"a043\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Peter Elias\u003C/strong>, University of Lagos, Nigeria\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f1a4\" id=\"f1a4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Wonoh Kim\u003C/strong>, Unaffiliated, Korea\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9041\" id=\"9041\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Inese Kušķe\u003C/strong>, the State Chancellery, Latvia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e24b\" id=\"e24b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Nicola Nixon\u003C/strong>, Governance Director, The Asia Foundation, Vietnam\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5a7a\" id=\"5a7a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Iris Patten\u003C/strong>, Pivot Partnership, United States and South Africa\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"79a9\" id=\"79a9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Hector Revelo Herrera\u003C/strong>, Professor, Escuela Politécnica del Ejército, Ecuador\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8ab9\" id=\"8ab9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Stefany Lazieh\u003C/strong>, Rutgers University, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1eec\" id=\"1eec\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Andrew Ritcheson\u003C/strong>, Unaffiliated\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"78a5\" id=\"78a5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Apoorv Anand\u003C/strong>, CivicDataLab, India\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8f98\" id=\"8f98\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Enrique Zapata\u003C/strong>, CAF — Development Bank of Latin America, Mexico\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b728\" id=\"b728\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Marco Marchetti\u003C/strong>, Unaffiliated, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"12e0\" id=\"12e0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Marco Cortella\u003C/strong>, Unaffiliated, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ff12\" id=\"ff12\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Josh Whitkin\u003C/strong>, Independent Researcher, Australia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c412\" id=\"c412\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Eduardo Bejar\u003C/strong>, Director, Fundapi, Ecuador\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6f2e\" id=\"6f2e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Greg Fisher\u003C/strong>, Manufacturer and Startup Advisor, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f3e2\" id=\"f3e2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Viviana Letizia\u003C/strong>, Elsevier\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b2e7\" id=\"b2e7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Julio Lopez\u003C/strong>, Datalat, Ecuador\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5882\" id=\"5882\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Irendra Radjawali\u003C/strong>, Kemitraan, Indonesia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c6b1\" id=\"c6b1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Stefano Bonfa\u003C/strong>, Mediterranean University RC-@ Oxford Sustainable Development Big Data Institute, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5717\" id=\"5717\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Mariela Alfonzo\u003C/strong>, CEO, State of Place, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0334\" id=\"0334\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Larissa Galdino de Magalhães Santos\u003C/strong>, Post-Doctoral Researcher in Digital Policies, CyberBRICS, School of Law at the Getulio Vargas Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ecd9\" id=\"ecd9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Maria Claudia Bodino\u003C/strong>, Ministry of Innovation — Italian Digital Transformation Team — Italian Government, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e58b\" id=\"e58b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Pierre Lonchampt\u003C/strong>, Helpful Engineering\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d4ce\" id=\"d4ce\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Luigi Bertuzzi\u003C/strong>, Unaffiliated, Italy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2a97\" id=\"2a97\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Seema Mehra Parihar\u003C/strong>, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, India\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5575\" id=\"5575\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Guruprabha Guruswamy\u003C/strong>, George Mason University, United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0e8e\" id=\"0e8e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Liljana Howe\u003C/strong>, Unaffiliated, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"416c\" id=\"416c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Hilman Arioaji\u003C/strong>, Lapor Covid19, Indonesia\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b507\" id=\"b507\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sanny Jegillos\u003C/strong>, Senior Advisor, United Nations, Thailand\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"31b1\" id=\"31b1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Tamas Erkelens,\u003C/strong> City of Amsterdam, The Netherlands\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ebe3\" id=\"ebe3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Niklas Zimmer, \u003C/strong>University of Cape Town, South Africa\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"95cf\" id=\"95cf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Gong Yi, \u003C/strong>Cardiff University, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cc83\" id=\"cc83\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sherman Kong\u003C/strong>, Digital Impact Alliance at UN Foundation\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c942\" id=\"c942\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Johnson Onyibe\u003C/strong>, Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"fa95\" id=\"fa95\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">JOIN US AND SIGN \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://forms.gle/ecUKqubk5sfUCDPv9\" data-href=\"https://forms.gle/ecUKqubk5sfUCDPv9\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--h3-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">HERE\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">.\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/a-call-for-action",{"title":2172,"description":2175},"a-call-for-action","blogposts/a-call-for-action","HCWOwfVFLTaoFNDjZJc8l1e7ovO3wQE_50vLXyI9Ygo",{"id":2185,"title":2186,"author":2187,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2188,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2189,"description":2190,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2186,"image":2191,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2192,"meta":2193,"navigation":15,"path":2194,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2195,"slug":2196,"startTime":34,"stem":2197,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2198},"blogposts/blogposts/wanted-data-stewards-re-defining-the-roles-and-responsibilities-of-data-stewards-for-an-age-of.json","Wanted: Data Stewards: (Re-)Defining The Roles and Responsibilities of Data Stewards for an Age of…","Stefaan G. Verhulst, Andrew Zahuranec, Andrew Young and Michelle Winowatan",[],"2020-03-02T00:00:00","As data grows increasingly prevalent in our economy, it is increasingly clear, too, that tremendous societal value can be derived from…","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*TmRiOOQvxWDnCcOv","\u003Ch1 id=\"wanted-data-stewards-re-defining-the-roles-and-responsibilities-of-data-stewards-for-an-age-of…\">Wanted: Data Stewards: (Re-)Defining The Roles and Responsibilities of Data Stewards for an Age of…\u003C/h1>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"wanted-data-stewards-re-defining-the-roles-and-responsibilities-of-data-stewards-for-an-age-of-data-collaboration\">Wanted: Data Stewards: (Re-)Defining The Roles and Responsibilities of Data Stewards for an Age of Data Collaboration\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>By Stefaan G. Verhulst, Andrew Zahuranec, Andrew Young and Michelle Winowatan\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>This article was originally published in\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> \u003Cem>Data & Policy\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>, the peer-reviewed, open access venue dedicated to the potential of data science to address important policy challenges.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>FULL PAPER: “\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/wanted-data-stewards.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003Cstrong>Wanted: Data Stewards: (Re-)Defining The Roles and Responsibilities of Data Stewards for an Age of Data Collaboration\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong>”\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>As data grows increasingly prevalent in our economy, it is increasingly clear, too, that tremendous societal value can be derived from reusing and combining previously separate datasets. One avenue that holds particular promise are \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">data collaboratives\u003C/a>. Data collaboratives are a new form of partnership in which data (such as data owned by corporations) or data expertise is made accessible for external parties (such as academics or statistical offices) working in the public interest. By bringing together a wide range of inter-sectoral expertise to bear on the data, collaboration can result in new insights and innovations, and can help unlock the public good potential of previously siloed data or expertise.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Yet, not all data collaboratives are successful or go beyond pilots. Based on \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/explorer.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">research and analysis \u003C/a>of hundreds of data collaboratives, one factor seems to stand out as determinative of success above all others — whether there exist individuals or teams within data-holding organizations who are empowered to proactively initiate, facilitate and coordinate data collaboratives toward the public interest. We call these individuals and teams “\u003Ca href=\"https://datastewards.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">data stewards\u003C/a>.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>They systematize the process of partnering, and help scale efforts when there are fledgling signs of success. Data stewards are essential for accelerating the re-use of data in the public interest by providing functional access, and more generally, to unlock the potential of our data age. Data stewards form an important — and new — link in the data value chain.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In its \u003Ca href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/experts-say-privately-held-data-available-european-union-should-be-used-better-and-more\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">final report\u003C/a>, the European Commission’s High-Level Expert Group on Business-to-Government (B2G) Data Sharing also noted the need for data stewards to enable responsible, accountable data sharing for the public interest. In their report, they write:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cblockquote>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>“A key success factor in setting up sustainable and responsible B2G partnerships is the existence, within both public- and private-sector organisations, of individuals or teams that are empowered to proactively initiate, facilitate and coordinate B2G data sharing when necessary. As such, ‘data stewards’ should become a recognised function.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/blockquote>\n\u003Cp>The report goes on further to acknowledge the need to scope, design, and establish a network or a community of practice around data stewardship.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Wanted: Data Stewards\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>A new position paper, released by The GovLab within the context of the \u003Ca href=\"https://unstats.un.org/unsd/statcom/51st-session/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">UN Statistical Commission High-Level Forum on Official Statistics \u003C/a>which focused on “\u003Ca href=\"https://unstats.un.org/unsd/statcom/51st-session/side-events/documents/HLF-Data-steward-concept-note-and-agenda-2020-01-27.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Data stewardship — a solution for official statistics’ predicament?\u003C/a>” seeks to begin that work. \u003Cstrong>The paper, titled “\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/wanted-data-stewards.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003Cstrong>Wanted: Data Stewards: (Re-)Defining The Roles and Responsibilities of Data Stewards for an Age of Data Collaboration\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong>”\u003C/strong> tackles questions regarding the profile and potential of data stewards. It aims to provide an operational roadmap to support the implementation (or expansion) of data stewardship functions in public- and private-sector entities; and to start building a community of expertise.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Moreover, it addresses the tendency to conflate the roles of data stewards with those of individuals or groups who might better be described as chief privacy, chief data or chief security officers. This slippage is perhaps understandable, we need to redefine the role that is somewhat broader. While data management, privacy and security are key components of trusted and effective data collaboratives, the real goal is to re-use data for broader social goals (while preventing any potential harms that may result from sharing).\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In particular \u003Ca href=\"https://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/wanted-data-stewards.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the position paper\u003C/a> — which captures lived experience of numerous data stewards- seeks to provide more clarity on how data stewards can accomplish these duties by:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Defining the \u003Cem>responsibilities\u003C/em> of a data steward; and\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Identifying the \u003Cem>roles\u003C/em> which a data steward must fill to achieve these responsibilities\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Responsibilities and Roles of Data Stewards\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>According to the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/wanted-data-stewards.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">position paper\u003C/a>, data stewards have three responsibilities. First, they \u003Cstrong>collaborate\u003C/strong> , working with others to unlock the value of data when a clear public interest case exists. Second, they \u003Cstrong>protect\u003C/strong> customers, users, corporate interests, and the public from harm that might come from sharing or use. Third, they \u003Cstrong>act\u003C/strong> , ensuring relevant parties put the insights generated to use.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*TmRiOOQvxWDnCcOv\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>These responsibilities manifest in the five roles that a data steward must fill. These roles are:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>Partnership and Community Engagement\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> , to reach out and vet potential partners while also informing beneficiaries of insights generated from efforts.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>Internal Coordination and Staff Engagement\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> , to coordinate actors internally and gain sign-off from them.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>Data Audit, Ethics, and Assessment of Value and Risk\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> , to monitor and assess the value, potential, and risk of all data held within an organization.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>Dissemination and Communication of Findings\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> , to act as the “face” of the company’s data projects and communicate shared outcomes to external actors.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>Nurture Data Collaboratives to Sustainability\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> , to work with stakeholders to gather the needed resources and support for broad, long-term impact.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Next steps\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Moving forward, The GovLab will engage with a broad set of stakeholders to explore the issues raised above and finetune the roles and responsibilities of data stewards integrating lived experience. In particular we will seek to understand if and whether there are any differences between data stewards in the private and public sector; and what are common challenges or practices.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>We will seek to help implement data stewards within organizations as to make data collaboration and data responsibility to be more systemic, sustainable, and responsible.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Finally, we will examine the creation of a formal network of data stewards — as pledged and recommended for the High Level Expert Group. Toward that end The GovLab, and a dedicated scoping group, will seek to hold one or more data stewards camps or workshops to further the design features and prototype possible organisational and governance structures. Among the areas that will be considered further are the following.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cem>Need and incentives:\u003C/em> what are or could be the incentives of data stewards/corporations to join the network?\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cem>Metrics:\u003C/em> what would success look like? Organizationally? Societal impact? Market shaping impact? Raising the bar?\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cem>Governance:\u003C/em> What should the governance structure look like for the network? What can we learn from other models?\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cem>Operations:\u003C/em> How to structure the network? Where to locate it (in existing associations or a new organisation?) What innovative models of organisations would work here?\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cem>Sustainability and funding model:\u003C/em> How to ensure long-term sustainability? What should be the funding model?\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>FULL PAPER: “\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/wanted-data-stewards.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003Cstrong>Wanted: Data Stewards: (Re-)Defining The Roles and Responsibilities of Data Stewards for an Age of Data Collaboration\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong>”\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Organizations and individuals interested in joining this work can contact \u003Ca href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\">datastewards@thegovlab.org\u003C/a> to learn more.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>They can also continue to follow the \u003Ca href=\"https://datastewards.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Data Stewards Network \u003C/a>for updates on The GovLab’s latest research on the subject.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/wanted-data-stewards-re-defining-the-roles-and-responsibilities-of-data-stewards-for-an-age-of",{"title":2186,"description":2190},"wanted-data-stewards-re-defining-the-roles-and-responsibilities-of-data-stewards-for-an-age-of","blogposts/wanted-data-stewards-re-defining-the-roles-and-responsibilities-of-data-stewards-for-an-age-of","oKNkr4wL5H723HBvcGjBAPNuSIalbF2-zFd7FlYt-4w",{"id":2200,"title":2201,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2202,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2203,"description":2204,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2201,"image":2205,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2206,"meta":2207,"navigation":15,"path":2208,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2209,"slug":2210,"startTime":34,"stem":2211,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2212},"blogposts/blogposts/announcing-the-launch-of-the-govlabs-crowdlaw-for-congress-project.json","Announcing the launch of The GovLabs CrowdLaw for Congress project",[],"2020-02-06T16:16:16","The GovLab at the NYU Tandon School of Engineering is pleased to announce the launch of CrowdLaw for Congress (congress.crowd.law) — a…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*ta0wxf4-YzJXAMGTYuFXmg.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"f2a4\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"8783\" id=\"8783\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Announcing the launch of The GovLab’s CrowdLaw for Congress project\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"add1\" id=\"add1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab\u003C/a> at the NYU Tandon School of Engineering is pleased to announce the launch of CrowdLaw for Congress (\u003Ca href=\"https://congress.crowd.law/\" data-href=\"https://congress.crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">congress.crowd.law\u003C/a>) — a free, online course and resource kit including training videos, case studies and a “playbook” of practical strategies showcasing how and why legislatures are using technology to engage the public in lawmaking\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"00eb\" id=\"00eb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The initiative, launched with support from the Democracy Fund, seeks to help legislatures foster an efficient two-way conversation with the public to improve the quality and legitimacy of lawmaking in the 21st century.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b4cc\" id=\"b4cc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The CrowdLaw for Congress website features a series of five short instructional videos by Professor Beth Simone Noveck, New York University, detailing how to leverage technology to engage the public at each stage of the lawmaking process: Problem Identification, Solution Identification, Drafting and Evaluation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4130\" id=\"4130\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The website also includes interviews with politicians and congressional staff offering vivid details of how their parliaments are turning to online engagement to improve lawmaking. Interviewees include Audrey Tang, Digital Minister, Taiwan, Jay Weatherill, Former Premier, South Australia, Alessandro Molon, Member, Brazilian Chamber of Deputies, Paula Forteza, Member, French National Assembly, Luis Cueto, General Coordinator, Madrid City Council, Maryan Henriques, Researcher, Chilean Chamber of Deputies) and Tom Shane, Content Strategist, UK House of Commons.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"06a5\" id=\"06a5\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*ta0wxf4-YzJXAMGTYuFXmg.png\" data-width=\"1024\" data-height=\"556\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*ta0wxf4-YzJXAMGTYuFXmg.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"3961\" id=\"3961\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">An important feature of the website is the CrowdLaw Playbook — a downloadable guide for introducing 21st century lawmaking techniques in legislatures. The playbook includes practical how-to’s based on the learnings from dozens of interviews conducted by the GovLab team and detailed case studies of CrowdLaw initiatives from around the world. These include case studies on vTaiwan, MyGov India, Decide Madrid, Governador Pergunta, Rahvakogu, Mudamos, Constitutión CDMX, Evidence Checks UK, Evaluación de la Ley and Social Auditing initiatives from Brazil, Ghana and the United States of America. These case studies are accompanied by one-page summaries for the busy public professional.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3d0f\" id=\"3d0f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">CrowdLaw for Congress is available online at \u003Ca href=\"https://congress.crowd.law/\" data-href=\"https://congress.crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">congress.crowd.law\u003C/a> and is a living library devoted to improving lawmaking. We invite suggestions for additional cases and interviews at crowdlaw@thegovlab.org. CrowdLaw for Congress is part of a growing roster of CrowdLaw research and resources developed by the GovLab including the CrowdLaw Catalog, a compendium of over a hundred examples of crowdlaw in use around the world, and the CrowdLaw Manifesto, twelve principles for participatory lawmaking. The GovLab is also working with committees in the U.S. Congress to implement CrowdLaw initiatives in practice.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e054\" id=\"e054\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For more CrowdLaw news, sign up for the CrowdLaw Quarterly \u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=806638238e\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=806638238e\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2b24\" id=\"2b24\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Please visit congress.crowd.law or contact The Governance Lab at crowdlaw@thegovlab.org\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/announcing-the-launch-of-the-govlabs-crowdlaw-for-congress-project",{"title":2201,"description":2204},"announcing-the-launch-of-the-govlabs-crowdlaw-for-congress-project","blogposts/announcing-the-launch-of-the-govlabs-crowdlaw-for-congress-project","ytBWcJRhQ7suY3Z8abg0x4LsgCu0q9CCA6v40uft7uA",{"id":2214,"title":2215,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2216,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2217,"description":2218,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2215,"image":34,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2219,"meta":2220,"navigation":15,"path":2221,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2222,"slug":2223,"startTime":34,"stem":2224,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2225},"blogposts/blogposts/people-learn-in-different-ways-the-way-we-teach-should-reflect-that.json","People learn in different ways. The way we teach should reflect that",[],"2020-01-22T17:06:06","While face-to-face training is still the most prevalent option, online courses continue to gain traction. However, some of the most promising approaches to public sector innovation training from around the world are those that blend...","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"2e7a\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">People learn in different ways. The way we teach should reflect that\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"89b2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">There’s never been more hybrid learning in the public sector than today.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ac7a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This article was written by Jason Williams-Bellamy and Beth Simone Noveck. This is the third article in a series (first \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://thegovlab.org/govlab-how-to-train-and-teach-for-21st-century-public-leadership/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/govlab-how-to-train-and-teach-for-21st-century-public-leadership/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> and second \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://thegovlab.org/before-training-public-servants-you-must-educate-yourself/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/before-training-public-servants-you-must-educate-yourself/\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">) by The Governance Lab on training 21st century public sector leaders. This article originally appeared on \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://apolitical.co/home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://apolitical.co/home\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Apolitical\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>\n\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Cp id=\"6903\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">As we noted in the previous \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://apolitical.co/solution_article/dont-teach-public-servants-before-educating-yourself/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://apolitical.co/solution_article/dont-teach-public-servants-before-educating-yourself/\">article in this series\u003C/a> on skills training in the public sector, part of a good skills survey includes asking respondents how they want to learn.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ed91\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In the public sector innovation skills \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://www.publicentrepreneur.com/skills\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"http://www.publicentrepreneur.com/skills\">survey\u003C/a> we developed for the International City and County Managers Association in 2019, over 400+ local public servants in the United States (we did a \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/ANZSOG-report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/ANZSOG-report.pdf\">comparable survey\u003C/a> of 400+ public servants in Australia) told us they wanted to learn new innovation skills such as problem definition, human-centered design, and open innovation. But, when asked \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">how \u003C/em>they wanted to learn, the results were rather evenly divided between traditional face-to-face workshops and training via the Internet.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ec54\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">While face-to-face training is still the most prevalent option, online courses continue to gain traction. However, some of the most promising approaches to public sector innovation training from around the world are those that blend both, combining the flexibility and scale of online education with the community-building of offline classes.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"13c2\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">The pros and cons of in-person training\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"8481\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">There are many great examples of in-person learning programs in the public sector. A lot of these take the form of a workshop in which participants meet with an instructor to master a new skill in a short period of time — usually one or a handful of days.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"d93e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://gobierno.uai.cl/centro-investigacion/goblab-uai/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"https://gobierno.uai.cl/centro-investigacion/goblab-uai/\"> Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez\u003C/a> in Chile puts on a three-day workshop on\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://gobierno.uai.cl/centros/goblab/proyecto-ciencia-de-datos-para-directivos-publicos/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"https://gobierno.uai.cl/centros/goblab/proyecto-ciencia-de-datos-para-directivos-publicos/\"> Data Science for Public Managers\u003C/a>. About 80 participants arrive with a problem from their government department or agency, and learn to apply the introductory data science skills they learn to develop a potential solution. Participants get the benefit of learning from an instructor and through conversation with their peers.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cblockquote id=\"9631\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--blockquote-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--blockquote-em\">The biggest benefit of using an e-learning platform or MOOC is scale\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/blockquote>\n\u003Cp id=\"c5cb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--blockquote\">Thanks to the limited class size, trainers can adapt the course to address unanticipated questions. However, live workshops also have drawbacks. The main challenge, however, is that after the workshop, the participants go back to “business as usual” in the workplace and often struggle to apply their newly acquired skills on the job. As we noted in our \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.anzsog.edu.au/preview-documents/publications-and-brochures/5425-today-s-problems-yesterday-s-toolkit/file\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.anzsog.edu.au/preview-documents/publications-and-brochures/5425-today-s-problems-yesterday-s-toolkit/file\">report on public sector innovation skills\u003C/a>, “training classes may be wonderful, but often leave people feeling abandoned when they return to their desks to face the challenge of innovating within a bureaucracy.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"e661\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Increasing the frequency of face-to-face interaction is one solution and Australia’s \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.industry.gov.au/government-to-government/bizlab-academy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.industry.gov.au/government-to-government/bizlab-academy\">BizLab Academy\u003C/a>, for example, encourages alumni to do repeat training. But this option is, of course, expensive both in terms of time and lost productivity.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"6207\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">What online learning brings to the table\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"ae7c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">However, in the age of the Internet, online training has emerged as an exciting new alternative. And not without reason, because online learning offers several key benefits. One \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=7395613\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=7395613\">study\u003C/a> by the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.ieee.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.ieee.org/\">Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers\u003C/a> (IEEE) found that e-learning programs and Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) offer time and place flexibility, including 24/7 access, cost effectiveness, ease of distribution, and even enhanced student-to-student and faculty-to-student communication.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ac7f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The biggest benefit of using an e-learning platform or MOOC is scale. As the name suggests, MOOCs can reach practically anyone with an internet connection. For example, the recently-launched \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.canada.ca/en/treasury-board-secretariat/news/2018/10/government-of-canada-launches-digital-academy.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.canada.ca/en/treasury-board-secretariat/news/2018/10/government-of-canada-launches-digital-academy.html\">Canada Digital Academy \u003C/a>includes an online learning series called “\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://en.busrides-trajetsenbus.ca/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"https://en.busrides-trajetsenbus.ca/\">Busrides\u003C/a>” that has the potential to reach all 250.000 Canadian public servants with podcasts of 20 minutes or less; the perfect thing to do on the “bus ride” to work.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"a80f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Online trainings may also be more cost effective in the long term. While initial production costs can be high, depending on the quality and depth of the training program, online trainings can be reused continuously — whether for alumni to brush up on the material or to train new hires. Because of this, trainings can be repeated at no marginal cost and without the expense of venues, teachers, and other costly logistical tasks that come with an in-person program. Online courses like the GovLab’s “\u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://sppd.thegovlab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"https://sppd.thegovlab.org/\">Solving Public Problems with Data\u003C/a>” lectures — a free online crash course on data analytics and responsible data use in the public sector — are openly available and free.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cblockquote id=\"f207\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--blockquote-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--blockquote-em\">The best way to teach public servants is to give them multiple ways to learn\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/blockquote>\n\u003Cp id=\"c8ea\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--blockquote\">But there are challenges. Despite the potential ease of communication, the reality of learning at a distance is that students may struggle without the personal help or attention of an instructor.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c4ad\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/full/10.1086/669930\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/full/10.1086/669930\">study\u003C/a> from the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/toc/jole/current\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/toc/jole/current\">Journal of Labor Economics\u003C/a> in which a group of microeconomics students were divided between an in-person lecture course and an online lecture course found that the online course exasperated the struggles of lower achieving students and students of colour. In other words, lower achieving students in the online course performed significantly worse when compared with students of similar academic calibre in the in-person course.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c944\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Furthermore, online programs can be more difficult to update since the material cannot easily be adapted with new information. Ultimately these drawbacks could adversely affect engagement among trainees and lessen the overall impact of the program. There is too little empirical evidence about public sector training to know for sure.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"b08d\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Get ready for hybrid learning\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"49bf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">There are pros and cons in online and in-person training. But some governments are combining both in a hybrid (also known as blended) learning program. \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://onlinelearningconsortium.org/updated-e-learning-definitions-2/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"https://onlinelearningconsortium.org/updated-e-learning-definitions-2/\">According to the Online Learning Consortium\u003C/a>, hybrid courses can be either:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"12e4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">A classroom course in which online activity is mixed with classroom meetings, replacing a significant portion, but not all face-to-face activity\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"17b1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">An online course that is supplemented by required face-to-face instruction such as lectures, discussions, or labs.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"6ae3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">A hybrid course can effectively combine the short-term activity of an in-person workshop with the longevity and scale of an online course.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"900c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://digileaders.com/dl-israel-aims-bring-together-leaders-bridge-digital-divide/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"https://digileaders.com/dl-israel-aims-bring-together-leaders-bridge-digital-divide/\">Digital Leaders\u003C/a> program in Israel is a good example of hybrid training. Digital Leaders is a nine-month program designed to train two cohorts of 40 leaders each in digital innovation by means of a regular series of online courses, shared between Israel and a similar program in the UK, interspersed with live workshops. This style of blended learning makes optimal use of participants’ time while also establishing a digital environment and culture among the cohort not seen in traditional programs.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"bb65\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The State government in New Jersey, where I serve as the Chief Innovation Officer, offers a free and publicly accessible online introduction to innovation skills for public servants called the \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://innovation.nj.gov/skills/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"https://innovation.nj.gov/skills/index.html\">Innovation Skills Accelerator\u003C/a>. Those who complete the course become eligible for face-to-face project coaching and we are launching our first skills “bootcamp,” blending online and the face-to-face in Q1 2020.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"7426\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Blended classrooms have been linked to greater engagement and increased collaboration among participating students. Blended courses allow learners to customise their learning experience in a way that is uniquely best suited for them. \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07294360903277380\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07294360903277380\">One study\u003C/a> even found that blended learning improves student engagement and learning even if they only take advantage of the traditional in-classroom resources. While the added complexity of designing for online and off may be off-putting to some, the benefits are clear.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"cc2a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">The best way to teach public servants is to give them multiple ways to learn. — \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Jason Williams-Bellamy and Beth Simone Noveck\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/people-learn-in-different-ways-the-way-we-teach-should-reflect-that",{"title":2215,"description":2218},"people-learn-in-different-ways-the-way-we-teach-should-reflect-that","blogposts/people-learn-in-different-ways-the-way-we-teach-should-reflect-that","euUJr6wBaYCPYz5uYhtZ9jyorX4KCu0CVmH_NtPuiZw",{"id":2227,"title":2228,"author":1921,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2229,"body":34,"category":99,"date":2230,"description":2231,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2228,"image":2232,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2233,"meta":2234,"navigation":15,"path":2235,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2236,"slug":2237,"startTime":34,"stem":2238,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2239},"blogposts/blogposts/data-collaborative-case-study-global-fishing-watch.json","Data Collaborative Case Study: Global Fishing Watch",[],"2020-01-06T00:00:00","Global Fishing Watch, originally set up through a collaboration between Oceana, SkyTruth and Google, is an independent nonprofit organization dedicated to advancing responsible stewardship...","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*Qnt7IXSZmQWQEWAuoavIqA.jpeg","\u003Ch1 id=\"data-collaborative-case-study-global-fishing-watch\">Data Collaborative Case Study: Global Fishing Watch\u003C/h1>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"_pooling-data-and-expertise-to-combat-illegal-fishing_\">\u003Cem>Pooling Data and Expertise to Combat Illegal Fishing\u003C/em>\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>By Michelle Winowatan, Andrew Young, and Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>This is the second installment of an ongoing series of case studies on Data Collaboratives and Data Stewardship. These case studies intend to provide insights toward leveraging private data for public good in a systematic, sustainable and responsible manner.\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=bc6d09925f&utm_source=Data+Stewards+Network&utm_campaign=15fdda85ab-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2019_05_17_08_37_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_bc6d09925f-15fdda85ab-87779301\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003Cem>Subscribe\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>to our Data Stewards Newsletter to be notified of future releases.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*Qnt7IXSZmQWQEWAuoavIqA.jpeg\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>Photo by\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/@ivan_bjelajac?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> \u003Cem>Ivan Bjelajac\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>on\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> \u003Cem>Unsplash\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Summary:\u003C/strong> Global Fishing Watch, originally set up through a collaboration between Oceana, SkyTruth and Google, is an independent nonprofit organization dedicated to advancing responsible stewardship of our oceans through increased transparency in fishing activity and scientific research. Using big data processing and machine learning, Global Fishing Watch visualizes, tracks, and shares data about global fishing activity in near-real time and for free via their public map. To date, the platform tracks approximately 65,000 commercial fishing vessels globally. These insights have been used in a number of academic publications, ocean advocacy efforts, and law enforcement activities.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Data Collaborative Model:\u003C/strong> Based on the \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/existing-practices.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">typology of data collaborative practice areas\u003C/a>, Global Fishing Watch is an example of the \u003Cstrong>data pooling\u003C/strong> model of data collaboration, specifically a \u003Cstrong>public data pool\u003C/strong>. Public data pools co-mingle data assets from multiple data holders — including governments and companies — and make those shared assets available on the web. This approach enabled the data stewards and stakeholders involved in Global Fishing Watch to bring together multiple data streams from both public- and private-sector entities in a single location. This single point of access provides the public and relevant authorities with user-friendly access to actionable, previously fragmented data that can drive efforts to address compliance in fisheries and illegal fishing around the world.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Data Stewardship Approach:\u003C/strong> Global Fishing Watch also provides a clear illustration of the importance of data stewards. For instance, representatives from Google Earth Outreach, one of the data holders, played an important stewardship role in seeking to connect and coordinate with SkyTruth and Oceana, two important nonprofit environmental actors who were working separately prior to this initiative. The brokering of this partnership helped to bring relevant data assets from the public and private sectors to bear in support of institutional efforts to address the stubborn challenge of illegal fishing.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*amW2hITBaP4Kbi9vKdXbYA.png\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Global Fishing Watch Data Collaborative Operational Variables. Detailed description of each variable can be found \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/existing-practices.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Read the full case study \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Global-Fishing-Watch-Data-Collab-Case-Study-FINAL-3.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/data-collaborative-case-study-global-fishing-watch",{"title":2228,"description":2231},"data-collaborative-case-study-global-fishing-watch","blogposts/data-collaborative-case-study-global-fishing-watch","pNqFl19sn4Zbp6R-V8wbH3KUaGVdxIVCivnUzIkZVL4",{"id":2241,"title":2242,"author":1921,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2243,"body":34,"category":99,"date":2244,"description":2245,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2242,"image":2246,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2247,"meta":2248,"navigation":15,"path":2249,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2250,"slug":2251,"startTime":34,"stem":2252,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2253},"blogposts/blogposts/data-collaborative-case-study-accelerating-medicines-partnership-amp.json","Data Collaborative Case Study: Accelerating Medicines Partnership (AMP)",[],"2019-12-16T00:00:00"," Accelerating Medicines Partnership (AMP) is a cross-sector data-sharing partnership in the United States between the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), multiple biopharmaceutical and life science companies, as well as non-profit organizations that seeks to improve the efficiency of developing new diagnostics and treatments for several types of disease.","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*1MQ4wHHpsjQgCRYTB4i7Hg.jpeg","\u003Ch1 id=\"data-collaborative-case-study-accelerating-medicines-partnership-amp\">Data Collaborative Case Study: Accelerating Medicines Partnership (AMP)\u003C/h1>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"_improving-drug-research-efficiency-through-biomarker-data-sharing_\">\u003Cem>Improving Drug Research Efficiency through Biomarker Data Sharing\u003C/em>\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>** \u003Cem>By Michelle Winowatan, Andrew Young, and Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/em>**\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>This is the first of an ongoing series of case studies on Data Collaboratives and Data Stewardship. These case studies intend to provide insights toward leveraging private data for public good in a systematic, sustainable and responsible manner.\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=bc6d09925f&utm_source=Data+Stewards+Network&utm_campaign=15fdda85ab-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2019_05_17_08_37_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_bc6d09925f-15fdda85ab-87779301\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003Cem>Subscribe\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>to our Data Stewards Newsletter to be notified of future releases.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*1MQ4wHHpsjQgCRYTB4i7Hg.jpeg\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Photo by \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/@drew_hays?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Drew Hays\u003C/a> on \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Unsplash\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Summary:\u003C/strong> Accelerating Medicines Partnership (AMP) is a cross-sector data-sharing partnership in the United States between the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), multiple biopharmaceutical and life science companies, as well as non-profit organizations that seeks to improve the efficiency of developing new diagnostics and treatments for several types of disease. To achieve this goal, the partnership created a pre-competitive collaborative ecosystem where the biomedical community can pool data and resources that are relevant to the prioritized disease areas. A key component of the partnership is to make biomarkers data available to the medical research community through online portals.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Data Collaboratives Model:\u003C/strong> Based on our \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/existing-practices.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">typology of data collaborative models\u003C/a>, AMP is an example of the \u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>data pooling\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> model of data collaboration, specifically a \u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>public data pool\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>. Public data pools co-mingle data assets from multiple data holders — in this case pharmaceutical companies — and make those shared assets available on the web. Pools often limit contributions to approved partners (as public data pools are not crowdsourcing efforts), but access to the shared assets is open, enabling independent re-uses.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Data Stewardship Approach:\u003C/strong> Data stewardship is built into the partnership through the establishment of an executive committee, which governs the entire partnership, and a steering committee for each disease area, which governs each of the sub-projects within AMP. These committees consist of representatives from the institutional partners involved in AMP and perform data stewards function including enabling inter-institutional engagement as well as intra-institutional coordination, data audit and assessment of value and risk, communication of findings, and nurture the collaboration to sustainability.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*eP6kHbLr1io0qKY1PDZ4tQ.png\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>Accelerating Medicines Partnership Data Collaborative Operational Variables. Detailed description of each variable can be found\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/existing-practices.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> \u003Cem>here\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Read the full case study \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/dc-medicine-partnerships.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/data-collaborative-case-study-accelerating-medicines-partnership-amp",{"title":2242,"description":2245},"data-collaborative-case-study-accelerating-medicines-partnership-amp","blogposts/data-collaborative-case-study-accelerating-medicines-partnership-amp","7tELfVOFVZgvgeP5bxjDv24SDQgwoY-SKLyzx89kSoI",{"id":2255,"title":2256,"author":2257,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2258,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2259,"description":2260,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2256,"image":2261,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2262,"meta":2263,"navigation":15,"path":2264,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2265,"slug":2266,"startTime":34,"stem":2267,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2268},"blogposts/blogposts/data-stewardship-in-action-seeing-the-forest-for-the-trees-in-finland.json","Data Stewardship in Action: Seeing the Forest for the Trees in Finland","Andrew Young",[],"2019-11-08T00:00:00","“Finland’s model in utilising forest data” is a new report analyzing the “background, implementation, and future prospects” of Finland’s…","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*bqIauVKQSmiZ6rqOk42M4Q.jpeg","\u003Ch1 id=\"data-stewardship-in-action-seeing-the-forest-for-the-trees-in-finland\">Data Stewardship in Action: Seeing the Forest for the Trees in Finland\u003C/h1> \u003Ch2 id=\"data-stewardship-in-action-seeing-the-forest-for-the-trees-in-finland-1\">\u003Cstrong>Data Stewardship in Action: Seeing the Forest for the Trees in Finland\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*bqIauVKQSmiZ6rqOk42M4Q.jpeg\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Photo by \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/@saadchdhry?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Saad Chaudhry\u003C/a> on \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/s/photos/finland?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Unsplash\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>“\u003Ca href=\"https://www.metsakeskus.fi/sites/default/files/ptt-report-261-finlands-model-in-utilising-forest-data.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Finland’s model in utilising forest data\u003C/a>” is a new report analyzing the “background, implementation, and future prospects” of Finland’s private forestry data pooling platform, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.metsaan.fi/en\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Metsään.fi\u003C/a>. The report was developed by the research center \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ptt.fi/about-us.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Pellervo Economic Research PTT\u003C/a> in partnership with the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.metsakeskus.fi/node/321\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Finnish Forest Centre\u003C/a>, a state-funded organization under the guidance of Finland’s Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*VZP0Ztc8HKWH1szRBcAePA.png\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The \u003Ca href=\"https://www.metsaan.fi/en\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Metsään.fi\u003C/a> platform provides a compelling view into the public value of increasing the availability of data collected from Finland’s privately owned forests. As described in the report, these private forests are important components of the country’s ecosystem and economy. They represent around 60 percent of Finland’s forest land and provide roughly 80 percent of the domestic wood used by the country’s forest industry.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Through \u003Ca href=\"https://www.metsaan.fi/en\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Metsään.fi\u003C/a>, the Finnish Forest Centre pools and makes accessible remote sensing data drawn from these many privately-owned forests. The data is collected through aerial photography, laser scanning, and sample plot measurements, among other mechanisms. The free platform is especially targeted at forest owners, government representatives, industry actors, and others whose decision-making could benefit from access to up-to-date situational analysis on the country’s forests.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The report’s analysis of the platform and survey of users demonstrates the value of this data for regional forest planning and for lowering transaction and operating costs associated with forest management, harvest planning, wood use assessments, and other such activities. In order to make these benefits possible, data stewards at the Finnish Forest Centre strategically bundled useful and relevant data into a single data pool. These stewards are also focused on ensuring the data provided on the platform remains relevant and up-to-date over time, a key requirement from the demand side of this data collaborative.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.metsakeskus.fi_sites_default_files_ptt-2Dreport-2D261-2Dfinlands-2Dmodel-2Din-2Dutilising-2Dforest-2Ddata.pdf&d=DwMGaQ&c=slrrB7dE8n7gBJbeO0g-IQ&r=ET_PVHQq9f0LkbRVMr49DbUAPm-mcrHJ089jCkl4QZw&m=0tTFspKNOb3UGO0IBcWT766N40nOh4WRRNQIXp_rGmk&s=tau7WMAw9fC2bJT_lHGJd9OvNdnfqWVBwq-akrEGxw0&e=\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Read the report here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/data-stewardship-in-action-seeing-the-forest-for-the-trees-in-finland",{"title":2256,"description":2260},"data-stewardship-in-action-seeing-the-forest-for-the-trees-in-finland","blogposts/data-stewardship-in-action-seeing-the-forest-for-the-trees-in-finland","LX1Mpjkte8AjHKIYDkRVpbiqmBQ412-XZtx-fApwrE8",{"id":2270,"title":2271,"author":2257,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2272,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2273,"description":2274,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2271,"image":2275,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2276,"meta":2277,"navigation":15,"path":2278,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2279,"slug":2280,"startTime":34,"stem":2281,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2282},"blogposts/blogposts/the-role-of-open-source-and-open-data-in-responsible-data-stewardship.json","The Role of Open Source and Open Data in Responsible Data Stewardship",[],"2019-10-23T00:00:00","Data stewards across industries have used a wide array of operational and technical means to enable responsible re-use of private-sector…","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*a_OeuCK9ZhlebI5WlTiNyg.jpeg","\u003Ch1 id=\"the-role-of-open-source-and-open-data-in-responsible-data-stewardship\">The Role of Open Source and Open Data in Responsible Data Stewardship\u003C/h1> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*a_OeuCK9ZhlebI5WlTiNyg.jpeg\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Data stewards across industries have used a wide array of operational and technical means to enable responsible re-use of private-sector data and to create public value through the creation of data collaboratives. A \u003Ca href=\"#\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">key function\u003C/a> of data stewardship, in fact, involves identifying a fit-for-purpose approach for partnership and community engagement.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Some data collaboratives are highly cooperative and maintain restrictive data access controls—the \u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.09092\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Gender Gaps in Urban Mobility\u003C/a> project launched by \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.unicef.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">UNICEF\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"http://datascience.udd.cl/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Universidad del Desarrollo, Telefónica R&D Center\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.isi.it/en/home\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">ISI Foundation\u003C/a>, and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.digitalglobe.com/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">DigitalGlobe\u003C/a> with support from \u003Ca href=\"http://data2x.org\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Data2X\u003C/a>, is one such example. Among other datasets, that project leveraged call detail records (CDRs) that were analyzed in a secure environment by specific, pre-selected partners. This approach was the most responsible and feasible pathway to gain insight into the gendered aspects of urban mobility in Santiago, Chile, and to assess how those insights could inform more inclusive urban planning.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Other data collaboratives are built on less sensitive data and do not require equally restrictive data access controls. A recent post from Hal Varian, Google’s Chief Economist, reflects on these more open approaches available to data stewards for unlocking the public value of their company’s private-sector data. Varian specifically describes Google’s efforts to make its research, data, and code as “universally accessible and useful” as possible.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>From the post, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.blog.google/technology/research/open-source-and-open-data/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong>Open Source and Open Data\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>:\u003C/p> \u003Cp>“There’s currently an ongoing debate about the value of data and whether internet companies should do more to share their data with others. At Google we’ve long believed that open data and open source are good not only for us and our industry, but also benefit the world at large.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Our commitment to open source and open data has led us to share datasets, services and software with everyone. For example, Google released the \u003Ca href=\"https://ai.googleblog.com/2019/05/announcing-open-images-v5-and-iccv-2019.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Open Images dataset\u003C/a> of 36.5 million images containing nearly 20,000 categories of human-labeled objects. With this data, computer vision researchers can train image recognition systems. Similarly, the millions of annotated videos in the \u003Ca href=\"https://research.google.com/youtube8m/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">YouTube-8M\u003C/a> collection can be used to train video recognition.”\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.blog.google/technology/research/open-source-and-open-data/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong>Read more here\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/the-role-of-open-source-and-open-data-in-responsible-data-stewardship",{"title":2271,"description":2274},"the-role-of-open-source-and-open-data-in-responsible-data-stewardship","blogposts/the-role-of-open-source-and-open-data-in-responsible-data-stewardship","Qt9Xk15DWVwvLZQBOHUfdOkuGYxsQ0dqICucWIVQZy0",{"id":2284,"title":2285,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2286,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2287,"description":2288,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2285,"image":2289,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2290,"meta":2291,"navigation":15,"path":2292,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2293,"slug":2294,"startTime":34,"stem":2295,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2296},"blogposts/blogposts/audrey-tang-for-the-new-york-times-a-strong-democracy-is-a-digital-democracy.json","Audrey Tang for The New York Times: A Strong Democracy Is a Digital Democracy",[],"2019-10-17T19:26:09","This article was written by Audrey Tang, the Digital Minister of Taiwan, and was originally published in The New York Times.","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*gk5kKb7RF6h-Bt5D","\n\u003Csection name=\"991b\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"f26d\" id=\"f26d\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Audrey Tang for The New York Times: A Strong Democracy Is a Digital Democracy\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"4038\" id=\"4038\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">This article was written by \u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audrey_Tang\" data-href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audrey_Tang\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Audrey Tang\u003C/a>, the Digital Minister of Taiwan, and was originally published in \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/15/opinion/taiwan-digital-democracy.html?auth=login-email&login=email\" data-href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/15/opinion/taiwan-digital-democracy.html?auth=login-email&login=email\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The New York Times\u003C/a> on October 15, 2019.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"3e5c\" id=\"3e5c\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*gk5kKb7RF6h-Bt5D\" data-width=\"600\" data-height=\"391\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*gk5kKb7RF6h-Bt5D\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Hundreds of young activists occupied Taiwan’s legislature in 2014 to oppose a new trade pact with Beijing (Credit: WallySantana/Associated Press)\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"b141\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"9494\" id=\"9494\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">Democracy improves as more people participate. And digital technology remains one of the best ways to improve participation — as long as the focus is on finding common ground and creating consensus, not division.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6bf1\" id=\"6bf1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">These are lessons Taiwan has taken to heart in recent years, with the government and the tech community partnering to create online platforms and other digital initiatives that allow everyday citizens to propose and express their opinion on policy reforms. Today, Taiwan is crowdsourcing democracy to create a more responsive government.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"67cd\" id=\"67cd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Fittingly, this movement, which today aims to increase government transparency, was born in a moment of national outrage over a lack of openness and accountability in politics.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9ae8\" id=\"9ae8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">On March 18, 2014, hundreds of young activists, most of them college students, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-taiwan-legislature/taiwan-students-occupy-legislature-over-china-trade-deal-idUSBREA2I04S20140319\" data-href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-taiwan-legislature/taiwan-students-occupy-legislature-over-china-trade-deal-idUSBREA2I04S20140319\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">occupied Taiwan’s legislature\u003C/a> to express their profound opposition to a new trade pact with Beijing then under consideration, as well as the secretive manner in which it was being pushed through Parliament by the Kuomintang, the ruling party.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c9c3\" id=\"c9c3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Catalyzing what came to be known as the \u003Ca href=\"https://carnegieendowment.org/2018/08/02/activist-legacy-of-taiwan-s-sunflower-movement-pub-76966\" data-href=\"https://carnegieendowment.org/2018/08/02/activist-legacy-of-taiwan-s-sunflower-movement-pub-76966\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Sunflower Movement\u003C/a>, the protesters demanded that the pact be scrapped and that the government institute a more transparent ratification process.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d881\" id=\"d881\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The occupation, which drew widespread public support, \u003Ca href=\"https://sinosphere.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/04/10/students-prepare-to-end-occupation-of-taiwans-legislature/?action=click&module=RelatedCoverage&pgtype=Article&region=Footer\" data-href=\"https://sinosphere.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/04/10/students-prepare-to-end-occupation-of-taiwans-legislature/?action=click&module=RelatedCoverage&pgtype=Article&region=Footer\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">ended\u003C/a> a little more than three weeks later, after the government promised greater legislative oversight of the trade pact. (To this day, the pact has yet to be approved by Taiwan’s legislature.) A poll released after the occupation, however, showed that 76 percent of the nation remained dissatisfied with the Kuomintang government, illustrating the crisis of trust caused by the trade deal dispute.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d97c\" id=\"d97c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To heal this rift and communicate better with everyday citizens, the administration reached out to a group of civic-minded hackers and coders, known as \u003Ca href=\"http://g0v.asia/\" data-href=\"http://g0v.asia/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">g0v\u003C/a> (pronounced “gov-zero”), who had been seeking to improve government transparency through the creation of open-source tools. The organization had come to the attention of the government during the Sunflower occupation, when g0v hackers had worked closely with the protesters.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c523\" id=\"c523\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In December 2014, Jaclyn Tsai, a government minister focused on digital technology, attended a g0v-sponsored hackathon and proposed the establishment of a neutral platform where various online communities could exchange policy ideas.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d958\" id=\"d958\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Several contributors from g0v responded by partnering with the government to start the \u003Ca href=\"https://vtaiwan.tw/\" data-href=\"https://vtaiwan.tw/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">vTaiwan\u003C/a> platform in 2015. VTaiwan (which stands for “virtual Taiwan”) brings together representatives from the public, private and social sectors to debate policy solutions to problems primarily related to the digital economy. Since it began, vTaiwan has tackled 30 issues, relying on a mix of online debate and face-to-face discussions with stakeholders. Though the government is not obligated to follow vTaiwan’s recommendations (a policy that may soon change), the group’s work often leads to concrete action.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e9ce\" id=\"e9ce\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">VTaiwan partly relies on a unique digital tool known as Pol.is to ensure its crowdsourced policy debates remain civil and reach consensus. Using Pol.is, any vTaiwan participant can post a comment about the topic or policy being discussed. Crucially, other users cannot directly reply to these statements, which reduces the likelihood of trolling and abuse. Instead, they can click “agree,” “disagree” or “pass/unsure” on each comment.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"28ce\" id=\"28ce\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Using real-time machine learning, Pol.is analyzes all the votes on the comments to produce an interactive map that groups like-minded participants together in relation to other, differently minded users. The map lays bare the gaps between various groups — as well as any areas of agreement. Ideally, this incentivizes people to post comments that attract more supporters, creating a path toward consensus.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3b3f\" id=\"3b3f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">VTaiwan has been used to solve a number of particularly thorny digital policy problems. \u003Ca href=\"https://blog.pol.is/uber-responds-to-vtaiwans-coherent-blended-volition-3e9b75102b9b#.u46l3bjvd\" data-href=\"https://blog.pol.is/uber-responds-to-vtaiwans-coherent-blended-volition-3e9b75102b9b#.u46l3bjvd\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">In 2015\u003C/a>, it helped break an impasse over how best to regulate Uber, which had arrived in Taiwan two years earlier prompting opposition from taxi drivers.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bb9a\" id=\"bb9a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In 2016, hundreds of ordinary citizens using the platform managed within a few weeks to come up with new regulations for online liquor sales, after multiyear discussions among business and social groups had broken down. And in 2018, vTaiwan helped to create new regulations for the platform economy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"462f\" id=\"462f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Taiwan also relies on another civic engagement platform called Join, this one maintained entirely by the government. Though similar to vTaiwan in that it uses Pol.is to create consensus, Join tackles matters beyond the digital economy, such as vacancy taxes and drug prescriptions for animals. Compared to the hundreds of thousands who have debated issues on vTaiwan, Join’s website has hosted 10.6 million unique visitors — almost half of Taiwan’s population — since it began in 2015.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"edb8\" id=\"edb8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Together, vTaiwan and Join are opening up more direct lines of communication between Taiwan’s government and its citizens, producing tremendous benefits for the former. Officials are exposed to new ideas and ways of thinking, while identifying core public service demands.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fb53\" id=\"fb53\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The \u003Ca href=\"https://presidential-hackathon.taiwan.gov.tw/en/\" data-href=\"https://presidential-hackathon.taiwan.gov.tw/en/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Presidential Hackathon\u003C/a> is yet another tech initiative bringing Taiwan’s public, private and social sectors together to solve urgent problems. At the event, the first of which was held last year, teams of hackers — composed of either private citizens or government workers — compete to design the most innovative improvements to the nation’s public services. Instead of prize money, the best teams receive a promise from the government that it will apply their ideas.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5c16\" id=\"5c16\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">One of the top teams in this year’s hackathon included officials from the Judicial Yuan, the judicial branch of the Taiwanese government. The team developed two digital tools to make the nation’s judicial system more legible and transparent for everyday Taiwanese.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9811\" id=\"9811\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Drunken driving is an issue of broad public concern in Taiwan. And in recent years, the differing sentences handed out to drivers involved in high-profile accidents have led to public confusion about why some punishments can be so light compared with others.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"222e\" id=\"222e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">One of the digital tools developed by the Judicial Yuan team addresses this confusion by giving the public a better sense of why punishments can differ for the same crime. Any user can simply enter in the relevant data for a hypothetical drunken-driving offense, such as blood alcohol concentration and the type of vehicle involved. The application then lists the appropriate penalties for the case, while also showing sentences from real-world drunken-driving cases that are similar to the one described. (The team analyzed over 50,000 verdicts from previous drunken-driving offenses to create the tool.) In this way, users get a better understanding of how slight changes in, for example, blood alcohol concentration can lead to radically different penalties.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5463\" id=\"5463\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">In the closing speech of this year’s Presidential Hackathon, President Tsai Ing-wen encouraged government officials to embrace a hacker spirit as they work to meet the public’s needs. “Do it bravely; dare to make mistakes,” she said. In Taiwan, digital technology is boosting civic dialogue and infusing government with the spirit of social innovation. By giving everyone a voice, Taiwan is strengthening its democracy for the future.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/audrey-tang-for-the-new-york-times-a-strong-democracy-is-a-digital-democracy",{"title":2285,"description":2288},"audrey-tang-for-the-new-york-times-a-strong-democracy-is-a-digital-democracy","blogposts/audrey-tang-for-the-new-york-times-a-strong-democracy-is-a-digital-democracy","FwavfajM9RuL16nbEZUB4rageD9WrYzmbDH1vfD4Nqw",{"id":2298,"title":2299,"author":2300,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2301,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2302,"description":2303,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2299,"image":2304,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2305,"meta":2306,"navigation":15,"path":2307,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2308,"slug":2309,"startTime":34,"stem":2310,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2311},"blogposts/blogposts/enabling-responsible-data-ecosystems-to-use-data-for-good.json","Enabling Responsible Data Ecosystems to use Data for Good","Stephen Burley Tubman, Eve Marenghi, and Andrew J. Zahuranec",[],"2019-09-20T00:00:00","By Stephen Burley Tubman, Eve Marenghi, and Andrew J. Zahuranec","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:640/0*xRUPBy321_sbLZgT","\u003Ch1 id=\"enabling-responsible-data-ecosystems-to-use-data-for-good\">Enabling Responsible Data Ecosystems to use Data for Good\u003C/h1> \u003Cp>\u003Cem>By Stephen Burley Tubman, Eve Marenghi, and Andrew J. Zahuranec\u003C/em>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/company/3288504/admin/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab \u003C/a>and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/company/mastercard/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Mastercard\u003C/a> hosted a workshop facilitated by Stefaan Verhulst, co-founder and chief research and development officer at The GovLab, and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/joann-stonier-5540b86/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">JoAnn Stonier\u003C/a>, Chief Data Officer at Mastercard, focused on establishing responsible data for social good practices on Sunday, September 15th, as part of the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/lp/d4gx/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Bloomberg Data for Good Exchange\u003C/a> [see JoAnn’s blog post about the workshop \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/data-transformative-resource-social-good-joann-stonier/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>]. The workshop was attended by over 100 data scientists, social engineers, lawyers, consultants and other activists interested in utilizing data to solve societal problems and advancing work to solve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The workshop centered on data eco-systems, the needs of the various parties that contribute to the eco-system, related best practices, tools, and methodologies. Participants focused on identifying paths forward that would enable projects and initiatives to move work from individual, ad-hoc pilots to sustainable, responsible and systemic practices.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>As The GovLab has established throughout its work, \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">data collaboratives\u003C/a> are integral to using data for good. In addition, Mastercard believes that data innovation must be balanced by responsible data practices.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>But data collaboratives operate inside a larger ecosystem, with actors whose roles need to be better understood moving forward, among them:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>Data-Demand Actors, organizations who identify the problem to be solved and demand access to data. These actors include NGOs, charities, academic researchers and other beneficiaries;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Data Suppliers, organizations that possess the data to help solve the problem — such as enterprises that collect data and can provide information to the ecosystem, data scientists, and data engineers; and\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Ecosystem Enablers, actors who can help scale the responsible and sustainable use of data for social good — such as philanthropy, policymakers and technologists and civil service organizations.\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:640/0*xRUPBy321_sbLZgT\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Ch2 id=\"workshop-overview\">Workshop Overview\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>Asymmetries and challenges exist among and between different types of actors of the data ecosystem. For instance, actors who need data often lack capacity or a toolkit to articulate relevant data questions or use cases (academics are key in closing this gap). Supply actors, meanwhile, often lack the ability to handle regulatory, security and other requirements needed to address risks of providing data to solve social problems.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>A key objective of the workshop was to identify ways to address these challenges. Toward that end, participants broke into groups and discussed the questions below. Each group contained data-demand actors, data suppliers, and ecosystem enablers. In what follows, we share key takeaways from the workshop as they relate to these three central personas.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*BFeBoD5CHxOr2KaOBMSIMA.png\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Three personas of the Data Ecosystem: Data Demand Actors; Data Suppliers; and Ecosystem Enablers\u003C/p> \u003Ch2 id=\"discussion-recap\">Discussion Recap\u003C/h2> \u003Ch3 id=\"data-demand-actors\">Data-Demand Actors\u003C/h3> \u003Cp>Among the participants, there were several major takeaways as to the role of data-demand actors.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cem>Need for Well-Defined Demand\u003C/em>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>First, most groups suggested that data demand actors — data users — clearly determine the scope of what’s going to happen with the data once they obtain it. Formulating good, targeted questions was integral to good data use.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>“We need to be transparent about why we are requesting data,” said one participant. “We are often so sure why we are asking for data but sometimes we forget how other people see the situation or how others might use the data.”\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cem>A People-Centric Approach\u003C/em>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>This concern connected with another common thread: citizen engagement. Several groups spoke about identifying the individuals affected by data collection and soliciting their views. Others spoke about developing data literacy skills among the general public and encouraging participation in data-driven projects, with participatory budgeting highlighted as one such model to achieve this goal.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Many emphasized the need to be clear about intent and to use data as intended or find some way to ask new research questions retrospectively.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>“We cannot always understand how we want to use the data at the outset,” said JoAnn. “But when considering when to use data, it can be helpful to ask if it is congruent. If the initial question was about public health, it can probably be used for another public health question.”\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Participants also discussed how actors can improve data ecosystems. One such approach is making sure data-demand actors understand what the data represents and to acknowledge its limitations.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>“We need to communicate the strengths and weaknesses of the data, to come up with guidelines to help us understand how good our data is,” said one participant. “We need a nutrition label for data.”\u003C/p> \u003Ch3 id=\"data-suppliers\">Data Suppliers\u003C/h3> \u003Cp>The participants also spoke at length about the data suppliers, offering a multitude of suggestions for how these actors, including \u003Ca href=\"http://datastewards.net/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">data stewards\u003C/a> within companies in particular, could guarantee rights for data subjects, promote responsible innovation, and scale up success. These comments focused on end-to-end approaches to data responsibility and building trust across the data ecosystem.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cem>End-to-End Approach to Data Responsibility\u003C/em>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>One group spoke about the importance of classifying datasets by sensitivity, creating different levels to govern data use. While considering local circumstances, participants called for global standards on privacy and security. The discussion noted different kinds of privacy-preserving work, such as anonymization and pseudo-anonymization.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Other risk mitigation techniques also received attention. Groups spoke about data suppliers remaining cognizant of purpose limitation and data minimization to reduce the opportunities for malicious use.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cem>Building Trust Between Actors\u003C/em>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Still others encouraged suppliers to develop a “code of conduct” or defined methodology for data sharing, one that recognized the importance of clear standards, metrics, and \u003Ca href=\"#\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">contracts\u003C/a>for data use. Actors at all stages of data collection, preparation, and use needed to be involved to build trust and coordination. Communication with other actors needed to become a policy of first resort.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>In reporting her thoughts, one participant said, “We need to come to an understanding of what can be shared and what cannot be shared. What kind of standards do we want to have on cybersecurity, legal obligations, or subject notification?”\u003C/p> \u003Ch3 id=\"ecosystem-enablers\">Ecosystem Enablers\u003C/h3> \u003Cp>Lastly, several comments emerged from the discussion on ecosystem enablers. These organizations, which can take the form of data clinics such as \u003Ca href=\"https://www.datakind.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">DataKind\u003C/a>, play an important role in the data pipeline. However, enablers faced challenges regarding variable rules and access structures depending on industry, geography, or use case.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cem>Bridging Gaps in Resources and Expertise\u003C/em>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Aside from developing international standards, one group recommended the development of advisory boards to develop best practices on accountability and feedback. Participants in the workshop noted that actors representing different actors and sectors could create a global standard, vocabulary, and framework around data collaboratives.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>A consortium of these actors could build equity into every step of the collaborative process, involving the community, and investing the necessary time and resources to create an equitable process around data and generate equitable outcomes. One participant called upon the model provided by Institutional Review Boards, bodies which authorize human-subject research at universities to mitigate risk.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>“Ethical review boards need to be explored further, but we need to take off our biases in regards to the United States and the rest of the world,” noted JoAnn. “We do not want to put people in other countries in jeopardy. Ethics and cultural norms need to be taken into account.”\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Multiple groups raised the possibility of a third-party enabler for matching supply and demand. Advisory boards, data stewards, and data trusts can serve as independent groups to review and have a proactive role in data initiatives. Later on, they can help to establish accountability and provide feedback.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>“We need an independent, neutral space where we can encrypt and share data.” Said the representative of one group. “We need a place to facilitate data sharing and pair interested parties together, whether that be a physical or digital space.”\u003C/p> \u003Ch2 id=\"takeaways\">Takeaways\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>As workshop participants from across sectors elaborated on the ecosystem of data actors to facilitate responsible data collaboration, there were some five takeaways from the workshop.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>First, groups saw a need for data-demand actors to define good, targeted questions to solve problems while data suppliers needed to know their data and keep privacy and security top-of-mind. Partners need to understand what public problem they intend to address.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Second, the participants grasped that data collaboratives make use of data that represents or is generated by people. Adopting a people-centric approach provides useful insights and keeps ecosystem actors accountable to those they are trying to serve. More research about the use of data for social good can help public and private sector data actors maximize public value while launching meaningful efforts to mitigate risks.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Data for good initiatives might also adopt an end-to-end approach, considering data responsibility at every step of the way. To make a positive impact, data actors should make data-to-knowledge pipelines more action-oriented. This process can use experts and the capacities of data scientists and decision-makers.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Trust is a common barrier to data for social good initiatives. For initiatives to grow and scale, there must be substantial trust between all actors of the data ecosystem. Trust can be established through mechanisms, such as data collaboratives, contracts, and dispute resolution methods.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Creating effective initiatives for social good calls for bridging of the dichotomy of data science and domain knowledge. Data actors from different practices, such as policy and research, and from different sectors, are encouraged to maximize and leverage their unique resources and expertise.\u003C/p> \u003Ch2 id=\"conclusion\">Conclusion\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>The workshop brought a diverse group of actors together to discuss the opportunities and challenges for addressing challenges through data initiatives. We are excited about the excellent ideas raised by the participants, and we hope that the conversation around establishing a responsible data ecosystem continues. At The GovLab, through the \u003Ca href=\"https://the100questions.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">100 Questions initiative\u003C/a>, we are working to harness the collective intelligence through bilinguals, individuals who possess both domain expertise and data science skills, to improve the types of questions asked to transform the way 21st century problems are solved.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/enabling-responsible-data-ecosystems-to-use-data-for-good",{"title":2299,"description":2303},"enabling-responsible-data-ecosystems-to-use-data-for-good","blogposts/enabling-responsible-data-ecosystems-to-use-data-for-good","KAwZrokUxLAT6ArbKWH70hpmZndAvpeCiBNYrp5INNg",{"id":2313,"title":2314,"author":187,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2315,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2316,"description":2317,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2314,"image":2318,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2319,"meta":2320,"navigation":15,"path":2321,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2322,"slug":2323,"startTime":34,"stem":2324,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2325},"blogposts/blogposts/sharing-private-data-for-public-good.json","Sharing Private Data for Public Good",[],"2019-08-29T00:00:00","“Data collaboratives,” an emerging form of partnership in which participants exchange data for the public good, have huge potential to…","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:3976/1*yILm9Q16bFJ2VJomp3-Zcg.jpeg","\u003Ch1 id=\"sharing-private-data-for-public-good\">Sharing Private Data for Public Good\u003C/h1> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:3976/1*yILm9Q16bFJ2VJomp3-Zcg.jpeg\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>(Picture by Dennis Kummer)\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cem>“Data collaboratives,” an emerging form of partnership in which participants exchange data for the public good, have huge potential to benefit society and improve artificial intelligence. But they must be designed responsibly and take data-privacy concerns into account.\u003C/em>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>(\u003Ca href=\"https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/private-data-public-policy-collaboration-by-stefaan-g-verhulst-2019-08\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Reposted from Project Syndicate\u003C/a>)\u003C/p> \u003Cp>After Hurricane Katrina struck New Orleans in 2005, the direct-mail marketing company Valassis \u003Ca href=\"https://adage.com/article/news/junk-mail-rescue-orleans/130414\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">shared its database\u003C/a> with emergency agencies and volunteers to help improve aid delivery. In Santiago, Chile, analysts from Universidad del Desarrollo, ISI Foundation, UNICEF, and the GovLab \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/gender-and-urban-mobility-addressing-unequal-access-to-urban-transportation-for-women-and-girls/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">collaborated\u003C/a> with Telefónica, the city’s largest mobile operator, to study gender-based mobility patterns in order to design a more equitable transportation policy. And as part of the \u003Ca href=\"https://yoda.yale.edu/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Yale University Open Data Access\u003C/a> project, health-care companies Johnson & Johnson, Medtronic, and SI-BONE give researchers access to previously walled-off data from 333 clinical trials, opening the door to possible new innovations in medicine.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>These are just three examples of “\u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">data collaboratives\u003C/a>,” an emerging form of partnership in which participants exchange data for the public good. Such tie-ups typically involve public bodies using data from corporations and other private-sector entities to benefit society. But data collaboratives can help companies, too — pharmaceutical firms \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nih.gov/research-training/accelerating-medicines-partnership-amp\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">share\u003C/a> data on biomarkers to accelerate their own drug-research efforts, for example. Data-sharing initiatives also have huge potential to improve artificial intelligence (AI). But they must be designed responsibly and take data-privacy concerns into account.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Understanding the societal and business case for data collaboratives, as well as the forms they can take, is critical to gaining a deeper appreciation the potential and limitations of such ventures. The GovLab has identified \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/explorer.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">over 150\u003C/a> data collaboratives spanning continents and sectors; they include companies such as \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/air-france-klm-open-data-portal.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Air France\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/zillow-research.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Zillow\u003C/a>, and \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/unicef-and-facebook-ad-campaigns.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Facebook\u003C/a>. Our research suggests that such partnerships can create value in three main ways.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>For starters, data collaboratives can improve situational and causal analysis. Their unique collections of data help government officials better understand issues such as traffic problems or financial inequality, and design more agile and focused evidence-based policies to address them.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Moreover, such data exchanges enhance decision-makers’ predictive capacity. Today’s vast stores of public and private data can yield powerful insights into future developments and thus help policymakers plan and implement more effective measures.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Finally, and most important, data collaboratives can make AI more robust, accurate, and responsive. Although analysts \u003Ca href=\"https://www2.deloitte.com/insights/us/en/focus/cognitive-technologies/artificial-intelligence-government-summary.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">suggest\u003C/a> AI will be at the center of twenty-first-century governance, its output is only as good as the underlying models. And the sophistication and accuracy of the models generally depend on the quality, depth, complexity, and diversity of data underpinning them. Data collaboratives can thus play a vital role in building better AI models by breaking down silos and aggregating data from new and alternative sources.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Public-private data collaborations have great potential to benefit society. Policymakers analyzing traffic patterns or economic development in cities could make their models more accurate by using call-detail records generated by telecom providers, for example. And researchers could enhance their climate-prediction models by adding data from commercial satellite operators. Data exchanges could be equally useful for the private sector, helping companies to boost their brand reputation, channel their research and development spending more effectively, increase profits, and identify new risks and opportunities.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Yet for all the progress and promise, data collaboration is still a nascent field, and we are only starting to understand its benefits and potential drawbacks. Our approach at the GovLab emphasizes the mutual benefit of collaboration and aims to build trust between data suppliers and users.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>As part of this process, we have begun designing an institutional framework that places responsible data collaboration at the heart of public- and private-sector entities’ operations. This includes identifying \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">chief data stewards\u003C/a> in these organizations to lead the design and implementation of systematic, sustainable, and ethical collaborative efforts. The aim is to build a network of individuals from the private and public sectors promoting data stewardship.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Given heightened concerns over data privacy and misuse — the so-called \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/dawn-of-the-techlash/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">techlash\u003C/a> — some will understandably be wary of data-sharing initiatives. We are mindful of these legitimate worries, and of the reasons for the more general \u003Ca href=\"https://thelivinglib.org/index-trust-in-institutions-2019/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">erosion of public trust\u003C/a>. But we also believe that building rigorous frameworks and more systemic approaches to data collaboration are the best ways to address such concerns.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Data collaboratives bring together otherwise siloed data and dispersed expertise, helping to match supply and demand for such information. Well-designed initiatives ensure that the appropriate institutions and individuals use data responsibly to maximize the potential of innovative social policies. And accelerating the growth of data collaboratives is crucial to the further development of AI.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Sharing data involves risks, but it also has the potential to transform the way we are governed. By harnessing the power of data collaboratives, governments can develop smarter policies that improve people’s lives.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/sharing-private-data-for-public-good",{"title":2314,"description":2317},"sharing-private-data-for-public-good","blogposts/sharing-private-data-for-public-good","oQGNbt__reCaCli9aS6RiH1J9LwUlPtfO_qV_EW2MoQ",{"id":2327,"title":2328,"author":2257,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2329,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2330,"description":2331,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2328,"image":2332,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2333,"meta":2334,"navigation":15,"path":2335,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2336,"slug":2337,"startTime":34,"stem":2338,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2339},"blogposts/blogposts/video-interview-with-stefaan-verhulst-on-data-collaboration-stewardship-and-responsibility.json","VIDEO: Interview with Stefaan Verhulst on Data Collaboration, Stewardship, and Responsibility",[],"2019-07-09T00:00:00","During last month’s Festival of AI and Emerging Technology (CogX) in London, UK, Georgia Lewis Anderson interviewed Stefaan Verhulst, the…","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*ddMz4DuVNYoCX8gR-fhTvQ.png","\u003Ch1 id=\"video-interview-with-stefaan-verhulst-on-data-collaboration-stewardship-and-responsibility\">VIDEO: Interview with Stefaan Verhulst on Data Collaboration, Stewardship, and Responsibility\u003C/h1> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*ddMz4DuVNYoCX8gR-fhTvQ.png\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>During last month’s \u003Ca href=\"https://cogx.co\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Festival of AI and Emerging Technology (CogX)\u003C/a> in London, UK, Georgia Lewis Anderson interviewed Stefaan Verhulst, the GovLab’s chief research and development officer. The conversation touched on a wide range of topics, including especially Data Collaboratives, Responsible Data Stewardship and Responsibility, \u003Ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00146-018-0830-z\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Where Artificial and Collective Intelligence Meet\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"http://smartercrowdsourcing.org\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Smarter Crowdsourcing\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"http://the100questions.org\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">The 100 Questions Initiative\u003C/a>, and much more.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/video-interview-with-stefaan-verhulst-on-data-collaboration-stewardship-and-responsibility",{"title":2328,"description":2331},"video-interview-with-stefaan-verhulst-on-data-collaboration-stewardship-and-responsibility","blogposts/video-interview-with-stefaan-verhulst-on-data-collaboration-stewardship-and-responsibility","E_BcTxreKUL-o6kqsH34ubwYZKZXgr_W5BhKFNhodxE",{"id":2341,"title":2342,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2343,"body":34,"category":349,"date":2344,"description":2345,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2342,"image":2346,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2347,"meta":2348,"navigation":15,"path":2349,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2350,"slug":2351,"startTime":34,"stem":2352,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2353},"blogposts/blogposts/the-value-proposition-of-circular-city-data-for-economic-development-govlab-unveils-work-at.json","The Value Proposition of Circular City Data for Economic Development GovLab Unveils Work at",[],"2019-06-10T19:56:34","When Brooklyn’s future leaders want to figure out how to grow the local economy, they won’t need to rely on intuition...","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*d5J3Fc3Rf21ik-iRqjFliQ.jpeg","\u003Csection class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\n\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n\u003Ch3 id=\"bcb9\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">The Value Proposition of Circular City Data for Economic Development GovLab Unveils Work at NewLab’s Circular City Public Showcase\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp id=\"6de6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">By Stefaan Verhulst, Andrew Young, and Andrew J. Zahuranec\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"85a4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">When Brooklyn’s future leaders want to figure out how to grow the local economy, they won’t need to rely on intuition. Instead, they can turn to insights generated from “circular data.” Data about how pedestrians move through public spaces. Data about when and where Brooklyn’s streets become choked with traffic. Data about how others use the spaces around them.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"0e19\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*d5J3Fc3Rf21ik-iRqjFliQ.jpeg\" data-image-id=\"1*d5J3Fc3Rf21ik-iRqjFliQ.jpeg\" data-width=\"300\" data-height=\"200\" data-is-featured=\"true\">\n\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">The Circular City researchers (from left to right): Caroline McHeffey (Columbia University), Stefaan Verhulst (The GovLab), Andrew Young (The GovLab), Arnaud Sahuguet (Cornell Tech), and Nilda Mesa (Columbia University). Photography by Anna Anderson.\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"498e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">On Thursday, March 7th, we shared how these insights can be used to improve people’s lives. Through New Lab’s \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://newlab.com/stories/the-circular-city-press-release/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"https://newlab.com/stories/the-circular-city-press-release/\">Circular City Public Showcase\u003C/a>, The GovLab unveiled its \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://newlab.com/new-lab-city/the-circular-city/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"https://newlab.com/new-lab-city/the-circular-city/\">research\u003C/a> into the concept of circular data and its relevance for economic development.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3c4e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Circular Data\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"4042\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Conceived by New Lab, the Circular City program studies how circular data — the collection, production, and exchange of data and business insights between urban collaborators around a shared set of inquiries — can solve challenges facing the Downtown Brooklyn area and globally.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f6a9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Focusing on the data provided by a handful of startups — \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://www.numina.co/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"http://www.numina.co/\">Numina\u003C/a> whose IoT sensors can map pedestrian and car traffic flows; \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.carmera.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.carmera.com/\">CARMERA\u003C/a> whose machine-vision software can provide block-by block information on pedestrian density; and \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.citiesense.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"https://www.citiesense.com/\">Citiesense\u003C/a> whose platform provides information on neighborhood mobility, development, and resiliency — New Lab sought to explore ways Brooklyn could get smarter about improving urban life.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"0136\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">And it turned to the City of New York’s research community for help.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"b8e3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Led by Columbia University’s \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://sipa.columbia.edu/faculty-research/faculty-directory/andr%C3%A9-corr%C3%AAa-dalmeida\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"https://sipa.columbia.edu/faculty-research/faculty-directory/andr%C3%A9-corr%C3%AAa-dalmeida\">André Corrêa d’Almeida\u003C/a>, Columbia, Cornell Tech and New York University’s The GovLab took action. Over several months, the groups engaged with the start-ups, New Yorkers, and one another to study circular data’s potential. While Cornell Tech evaluated the value of circular data for mobility and Columbia assessed its role in resilience and sustainability, the GovLab assessed its role in economic development.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"990b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Economic Development\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"4c42\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*4CXNpMGx2rcAgi5WBs1eLQ.png\" data-image-id=\"1*4CXNpMGx2rcAgi5WBs1eLQ.png\" data-width=\"232\" data-height=\"300\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"8bde\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The City of New York is thriving based on \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://labor.ny.gov/stats/pressreleases/pruistat.shtm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"https://labor.ny.gov/stats/pressreleases/pruistat.shtm\">some metrics\u003C/a>. Unemployment is low. Job creation is up. Companies see the City as an attractive location to base their operations.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"297a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Still, serious difficulties remain. Old industries are in transition. Neighborhoods are changing. Long-established businesses and residents find it increasingly difficult to stay afloat amid an influx of new arrivals and increased property prices.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"2aef\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Into this environment, the City needs new ways to foster inclusive economic growth.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"9965\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The GovLab took three steps to assess what role circular data could play in achieving this goal.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"6de8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">First, it engaged with stakeholders across Downtown Brooklyn — city agencies, local businesses, and other experts — to identify the area’s economic development priorities. These conversations, in turn, informed an exploratory process about different use cases — value propositions — that might help the City achieve these priorities.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"c208\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For instance, the City might use circular data to foster community wellness and stimulate wage growth, two of the priorities identified. It might also apply circular data to catastrophic event preparedness to improve and maintain infrastructure.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"24f2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Second, we sorted these value propositions both thematically and by their individual facets.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"36fa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In the first part of this process, we found the value propositions fell into five possible categories based upon how they created economic value. These were:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"2c0e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Situational Analysis\u003C/strong>: The use of circular data to better understand, often in real-time, trends in city activity and the geographic distribution of various phenomena (e.g. population flows and new business activity).\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"bc79\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Cause-and-Effect Analysis\u003C/strong>: The use of circular data to better understand possible correlations and causalities as well as what variables make a difference for what type of problem.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"df2d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Prediction\u003C/strong>: The use of circular data to enable new predictive capabilities for policymakers and others, allowing them to be more proactive and to assess future risks, needs, and opportunities.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"7362\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Impact and Value Assessment\u003C/strong>: Circular data used to rapidly assess the results of their interventions to iterate on products and programs when necessary.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"acba\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Ecosystem Support\u003C/strong>: Circular data’s capacity to make visible previously obscured inter-dependencies and their impacts on issues relevant to the economic health of the city, such as social cohesion at the neighborhood level.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"ec12\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">In the second, The GovLab developed “Data Value Canvases” to better understand the different facets of these use cases. This framework allowed us to explain the context of a particular value proposition, identify beneficiaries, highlight potential enabling and disabling conditions as well as a potential monetary value.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"720d\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*UAx5uS359iiCXL_yRAvOjQ.png\" data-image-id=\"1*UAx5uS359iiCXL_yRAvOjQ.png\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"551\">\n\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">The Circular City Data Value Canvas. Graphic by Anirudh Dinesh, The GovLab.\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"b895\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Though targeted at the three specific startups, the canvases are also useful as a means of assessing the value of any dataset or use case in the circular data ecosystem.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"374d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Finally, we reflected on the enabling conditions, challenges, and risks associated with the use of circular data and provided several recommendations for practitioners to maximize the impact of circular data on economic development objectives.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f719\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The work for this last component relied on an adapted version of The GovLab’s \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://odimpact.org/periodic-table.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/periodic-table.html\">Periodic Table of Open Data\u003C/a>. Developed as part of an in-depth exploration of open data’s global impact, The Periodic Table provides enablers, challenges, and risks related to uses of open government data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure id=\"bff5\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*T46UThb5gltN8XuGigs99A.png\" data-image-id=\"1*T46UThb5gltN8XuGigs99A.png\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"1000\">\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp id=\"05e3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Through the research and analysis that informed this paper, we found most factors identified as instrumental for open-government data use cases also play important roles in the circular data context. Indeed, the five central categories included in the Periodic Table still hold relevance: Problem and Demand Definition, Capacity and Culture, Partnerships, Risks, Governance.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"5f6e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As for recommendations, the GovLab identified several for data practitioners to consider:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003Cli id=\"b5ab\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Focus on\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> City Data Collaboratives\u003C/strong>, not just Data Supply. Data does not exist in isolation. The success of circular data projects will depend on collaboration among various stakeholders, as well as collaboration with data scientists and topic or sector experts (“bilinguals”).\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"fb48\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Explore new and innovative \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Business Models\u003C/strong> for leveraging circular data.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"67cf\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Consider the creation of \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Internal and External Intermediaries\u003C/strong>. To increase the value of circular data, a wide range of internal and external intermediaries can potentially add value, credibility, and rigor to data collaboratives.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"2a9d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Develop \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Safe Sandboxes\u003C/strong> for Innovation and Experimentation (vs. Procurement). Circular data projects need to be mindful of some of the important risks associated with even the most successful projects.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"b617\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Focus on \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Resource Scarcity\u003C/strong> (among both the Demand and Supply). Circular data projects can often be initiated with minimal resources and goodwill among all parties, but require funding and additional resources to sustain themselves and scale.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli id=\"2e75\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Define Metrics and Gather Evidence\u003C/strong>. To be systematic, define and measure what success looks like. Although there are some early, often muted signals pointing to the impacts of circular data for economic development, the field is still largely built on a limited understanding of how circular data creates demonstrable positive outcomes.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp id=\"f57e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Next Steps\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"618c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The GovLab, together with the other partners and research teams, is already thinking about how to further develop the concept of circular data. It is also integrating it into its current work and projects.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"1155\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“It’s important to make partnerships systematic, sustainable, and responsible,“ said Stefaan Verhulst at the Public Showcase. “[For both circular data and data projects] what we really need is a new human infrastructure. We’ve worked on the concept of \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network\">data stewardship\u003C/a>, individuals who can understand the value of data and extract it in a responsible manner.”\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"59a9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The work builds upon The GovLab’s work seeking to supporting and encouraging the use of \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/@sverhulst/data-collaboratives-exchanging-data-to-improve-people-s-lives-d0fcfc1bdd9a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@sverhulst/data-collaboratives-exchanging-data-to-improve-people-s-lives-d0fcfc1bdd9a\">data collaboratives\u003C/a>, a new form of collaboration, beyond the public-private partnership model, in which participants from different sectors — in particular companies — exchange their data to create public value.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"f134\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Through its \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network\">Data Stewards Network\u003C/a> The GovLab will host more conversations on the importance of circular data and data collaboratives and develop tools and frameworks to accelerate the responsible use of data for good.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"ad0f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In the meanwhile, we would be delighted to receive your ideas and comments. Please send your suggestions, reading recommendations, and questions on these topics to us at \u003Ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"mailto:stefaan@thegovlab.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"mailto:stefaan@thegovlab.org\">stefaan@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp id=\"3490\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">We appreciate your feedback.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003C/section>",{},"/blogposts/the-value-proposition-of-circular-city-data-for-economic-development-govlab-unveils-work-at",{"title":2342,"description":2345},"the-value-proposition-of-circular-city-data-for-economic-development-govlab-unveils-work-at","blogposts/the-value-proposition-of-circular-city-data-for-economic-development-govlab-unveils-work-at","tg1SChpCCPHntXt8HZQEE6rioivghx8dryPrnuxg1qE",{"id":2355,"title":2356,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2357,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2358,"description":2359,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2356,"image":2360,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2361,"meta":2362,"navigation":15,"path":2363,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2364,"slug":2365,"startTime":34,"stem":2366,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2367},"blogposts/blogposts/the-govlab-at-nyu-tandon-announces-the-100-questions-initiative.json","The GovLab at NYU Tandon announces the 100 Questions Initiative",[],"2019-06-10T17:14:36","Sourcing 100 questions on key societal challenges that can be answered by data insights","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*-WvHCV4NfZWawnpv7igKtA.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"bfc2\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"17cf\" id=\"17cf\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">The GovLab at NYU Tandon announces the 100 Questions Initiative\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"1033\" id=\"1033\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">Sourcing 100 questions on key societal challenges that can be answered by data insights\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"1055\" id=\"1055\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This article originally appeared at \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/news/govlab-nyu-tandon-announces-100-questions-initiative\" data-href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/news/govlab-nyu-tandon-announces-100-questions-initiative\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">https://engineering.nyu.edu/news/govlab-nyu-tandon-announces-100-questions-initiative\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"71f3\" id=\"71f3\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*-WvHCV4NfZWawnpv7igKtA.jpeg\" data-width=\"1024\" data-height=\"554\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*-WvHCV4NfZWawnpv7igKtA.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"e63d\" id=\"e63d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">BROOKLYN, New York, Wednesday, May 29, 2019 — \u003Ca href=\"https://www.thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Governance Lab\u003C/a> at the \u003Ca href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/\" data-href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NYU Tandon School of Engineering\u003C/a> announced the launch of the 100 Questions Initiative — an effort to identify the most important societal questions whose answers can be found in data and data science if the power of data collaboratives is harnessed.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3715\" id=\"3715\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The initiative, launched with initial support from \u003Ca href=\"https://schmidtfutures.com/\" data-href=\"https://schmidtfutures.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Schmidt Futures\u003C/a>, seeks to address challenges on numerous topics, including migration, climate change, poverty, and the future of work.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e3d5\" id=\"e3d5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For each of these areas and more, the initiative will seek to identify questions that could help unlock the potential of data and data science with the broader goal of fostering positive social, environmental, and economic transformation. These questions will be sourced by leveraging “bilinguals” — practitioners across disciplines from all over the world who possess both domain knowledge and data science expertise.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"eb6b\" id=\"eb6b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The 100 Questions Initiative starts by identifying 10 key questions related to migration. These include questions related to the geographies of migration, migrant well-being, enforcement and security, and the vulnerabilities of displaced people. This inaugural effort involves partnerships with the International Organization for Migration (IOM) and the European Commission, both of which will provide subject-matter expertise and facilitation support within the framework of the \u003Ca href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/event/workshop/big-data-migration-alliance-bd4m\" data-href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/event/workshop/big-data-migration-alliance-bd4m\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Big Data for Migration Alliance (BD4M)\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a7db\" id=\"a7db\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“While there have been tremendous efforts to gather and analyze data relevant to many of the world’s most pressing challenges, as a society, we have not taken the time to ensure we’re asking the right questions to unlock the true potential of data to help address these challenges,” said Stefaan Verhulst, co-founder and chief research and development officer of The GovLab. “Unlike other efforts focused on data supply or data science expertise, this project seeks to radically improve the set of questions that, if answered, could transform the way we solve 21st century problems.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dca0\" id=\"dca0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In addition to identifying key questions, the 100 Questions Initiative will also focus on creating new \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">data collaboratives.\u003C/a> Data collaboratives are an emerging form of public-private partnership that help unlock the public interest value of previously siloed data. The GovLab has conducted significant research in the value of data collaboration, identifying that inter-sectoral collaboration can both increase access to information (e.g., the vast stores of data held by private companies) as well as unleash the potential of that information to serve the public good.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"d7ce\" id=\"d7ce\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*G6Tyyyh1obaZkl3Y4vd90g.jpeg\" data-width=\"1417\" data-height=\"728\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*G6Tyyyh1obaZkl3Y4vd90g.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"6e3e\" id=\"6e3e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--figure\">“Organizations are far more likely to share data in response to a compelling use case,” said Tom Kalil, chief innovation officer of Schmidt Futures. “By identifying important questions that data science and machine learning can help us answer, we can spark collaborations between organizations that have critical data sets, teams that can derive insights from the data, and individuals and organizations that can make better decisions based on those insights.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9f9e\" id=\"9f9e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The 100 Questions Initiative is supported by a global advisory board comprising data science and subject matter experts from the public, corporate and non-profit sectors. Members include Ciro Cattuto, scientific director of ISI Foundation; Gabriella Gómez-Mont, founder and former director at Laboratorio Para La Ciudad; Molly Jackman, director of research at Chan Zuckerberg Initiative; Vivienne Ming, founder of Socos Labs; Wilfred Ndifon, director of research at AIMS Global Network; Denice Ross, fellow at Georgetown University’s Beeck Center for Social Impact and Innovation; and Matthew Salganik, professor of sociology at Princeton University.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"3585\" id=\"3585\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Additional quotes from Global Advisory Board members and domain partners:\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"b872\" id=\"b872\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--h4\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“Today, across companies, governments, and academia, there exists more data than ever before. Yet, data alone cannot solve problems — it is the insights that are derived from data that matter, and in order to get to insights we must start with clear questions and hypotheses. 100 Questions gets this right: by starting with questions, and then working backwards to identify appropriate data and methodologies, we’ll start to solve some of the world’s most pressing problems.” — \u003C/em>Molly Jackman, director of research, Chan Zuckerberg Initiative\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"86d3\" id=\"86d3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“Asking the right questions often makes the difference between finding light and staying in darkness. The 100 Questions Initiative will illuminate viable solution paths for some of the most pressing challenges of our time. Such solution paths tend to lie at the interface between disciplines, hence the importance of the Initiative’s emphasis on facilitating their discovery by communities of bilinguals.” — \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://aims.ac.za/research/mathematical-physical-biosciences/dr-wilfred-ndifon/?lang=en\" data-href=\"https://aims.ac.za/research/mathematical-physical-biosciences/dr-wilfred-ndifon/?lang=en\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wilfred Ndifon\u003C/a>, director of research, AIMS Global Network\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5dc7\" id=\"5dc7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“Migration is one of the most pressing issues confronting policymakers around the world, and yet our understanding of the phenomenon is hampered by significant data gaps. This seems counterintuitive at a time when data have never been so abundant — and in fact, much more data exist than we can currently effectively and responsibly use to understand human mobility and inform sensible policy decisions. Data are no magic solution, but questions cannot be fully answered without reliable data and data are of little use without clear questions. This initiative will help us identify some of the key questions and spur collaborations across sectors and individuals to address them.” \u003C/em>— Marzia Rango, research and data officer, IOM’s Data Analysis Centre (GMDAC)\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c47c\" id=\"c47c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“Most of the data in the world is collected by companies and governments, and most of that data is inaccessible to people who could make good use of it. Having a set of crisp, interesting, and important questions created by people who are both domain experts and data scientists is an important step in figuring out what is possible and moving us all to a world where we can responsibly learn from the data that is currently inaccessible\u003C/em>.” — Matthew Salganik, professor of sociology, Princeton University\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d5a0\" id=\"d5a0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“Data science and innovation already demonstrated their value in providing new insights into some of today’s migration challenges. By defining the key questions that need to be answered, this initiative will harness such potential and could open the door to more unexplored datasets.” — \u003C/em>Michele Vespe, European Commission Joint Research Centre\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ed2f\" id=\"ed2f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Throughout the lifespan of the 100 Questions Initiative, The GovLab and its partners will seek involvement from organizations that want to collaborate on specific domains, as well as people who possess both relevant domain knowledge and data science expertise. Anyone interested in collaborating is encouraged to send an email to \u003Ca href=\"mailto:contact@the100questions.org\" data-href=\"mailto:contact@the100questions.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">contact@the100questions.org\u003C/a>. For more information about the 100 Questions Initiative, visit \u003Ca href=\"http://www.the100questions.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.the100questions.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">www.the100questions.org\u003C/a>, or contact Stefaan Verhulst, lead of the initiative at \u003Ca href=\"mailto:sverhulst@thegovlab.org\" data-href=\"mailto:sverhulst@thegovlab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">sverhulst@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"969e\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"5509\" id=\"5509\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">About The Governance Lab\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">at the NYU Tandon School of Engineering\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6797\" id=\"6797\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Governance Lab’s mission is to improve people’s lives by changing the way we govern. Our goal at The GovLab is to strengthen the ability of institutions — including but not limited to governments — and people to work more openly, collaboratively, effectively, and legitimately to make better decisions and solve public problems. We believe that increased availability and use of data, new ways to leverage the capacity, intelligence, and expertise of people in the problem-solving process, combined with new advances in technology and science, can transform governance. We approach each challenge and opportunity in an interdisciplinary, collaborative way, irrespective of the problem, sector, geography, and level of government. For more information, visit \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">thegovlab.org\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1949\" id=\"1949\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">About the New York University Tandon School of Engineering\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e4b7\" id=\"e4b7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The NYU Tandon School of Engineering dates to 1854, the founding date for both the New York University School of Civil Engineering and Architecture and the Brooklyn Collegiate and Polytechnic Institute (widely known as Brooklyn Poly). A January 2014 merger created a comprehensive school of education and research in engineering and applied sciences, rooted in a tradition of invention and entrepreneurship and dedicated to furthering technology in service to society. In addition to its main location in Brooklyn, NYU Tandon collaborates with other schools within NYU, one of the country’s foremost private research universities, and is closely connected to engineering programs at NYU Abu Dhabi and NYU Shanghai. It operates Future Labs focused on start-up businesses in downtown Manhattan and Brooklyn and an award-winning online graduate program. For more information, visit \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://engineering.nyu.edu/\" data-href=\"http://engineering.nyu.edu/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">engineering.nyu.edu\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/the-govlab-at-nyu-tandon-announces-the-100-questions-initiative",{"title":2356,"description":2359},"the-govlab-at-nyu-tandon-announces-the-100-questions-initiative","blogposts/the-govlab-at-nyu-tandon-announces-the-100-questions-initiative","lYwnlqhIvCa19-Bua02B7M8GClCP0w5Bz_XuAoxRoFg",{"id":2369,"title":2370,"author":187,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2371,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2372,"description":2373,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2370,"image":2374,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2375,"meta":2376,"navigation":15,"path":2377,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2378,"slug":2379,"startTime":34,"stem":2380,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2381},"blogposts/blogposts/how-to-use-data-for-good-5-priorities-and-a-roadmap.json","How to use data for good — 5 priorities and a roadmap",[],"2019-05-31T00:00:00","Scaling social impact is not easy, but it is worth it","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*_4alh1Z_-ec8X8mg","\u003Ch1 id=\"how-to-use-data-for-good — 5-priorities-and-a-roadmap\">How to use data for good — 5 priorities and a roadmap\u003C/h1> \u003Ch2 id=\"how-to-use-data-for-good-—-5-priorities-and-a-roadmap\">How to use data for good — 5 priorities and a roadmap\u003C/h2> \u003Ch2 id=\"scaling-social-impact-is-not-easy-but-it-is-worth-it\">Scaling social impact is not easy, but it is worth it\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*_4alh1Z_-ec8X8mg\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>We live in challenging times. From climate change to food insecurity and forced migration, the difficulties confronting decision makers are unprecedented in their variety, and also in their complexity and urgency. Our standard policy toolkit seems stale and ineffective while existing governance institutions are increasingly outdated and distrusted.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>To tackle today’s challenges we need not only new solutions but also\u003Ca href=\"https://www.opendemocracy.net/stefaan-g-verhulst/from-resistance-to-reimagining-governance-6-shifts-that-can-improve-way-we-solve-\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"> new methods for arriving at solutions\u003C/a>. Data and data science will become more central to meeting these challenges and to social innovation, philanthropy, international development, and humanitarian aid. From the analysis of satellite imagery to mapping poverty to using social media data to track the global digital gender gap, “Data Science for Social Good” provides great promise.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The potential (and challenges) of \u003Ca href=\"https://dataforgood-www2019.weebly.com/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Data Science for Social Good\u003C/a> was the focus of a dedicated workshop held by the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.isi.it/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">ISI Foundation\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.unicef.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">UNICEF\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab\u003C/a> as part of the 2019 \u003Ca href=\"https://www2019.thewebconf.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Web Conference\u003C/a> on May 14, 2019. It also explored ways to develop new \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">data collaboratives\u003C/a> to unlock data and data science capabilities from both the public and private sector.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Throughout the workshop, \u003Ca href=\"https://dataforgood-www2019.weebly.com/program.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">distinguished keynote speakers and paper presenters\u003C/a> addressed a wide range of data science applications and experiments. Several participants focused, for instance, on the role of social media in addressing public concerns, such as \u003Ca href=\"https://app.luminpdf.com/viewer/zKc87iQwpXHbKYa6t/share?sk=81b7ba2f-750e-4071-8125-613b11fa0229\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">informing the public on vaccinations\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://app.luminpdf.com/viewer/aokdeXEDSwMcydEds/share?sk=42bc98b2-6dcb-4d78-a729-98bb80925b4c\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">communicating during crises\u003C/a>, and \u003Ca href=\"https://app.luminpdf.com/viewer/6jhoMxgfpdvC4saJe/share?sk=99c7d5d3-8a66-444a-b21f-9f545a25bcea\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">promoting electoral integrity\u003C/a>. Others discussed how technology could be used to meet local needs, whether that be in \u003Ca href=\"https://app.luminpdf.com/viewer/hdHtvfQLaD5ExpzDB/share?sk=e7301316-344b-40e3-aa33-52306615ed6d\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">health\u003C/a> or \u003Ca href=\"https://app.luminpdf.com/viewer/oHHGfroHNoxH3zwdi/share?sk=7edf1275-0cb8-4c6f-beba-ddba00fa94d7\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">education\u003C/a>.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The workshop also had a panel from private sector representatives. Chaya Nayak from Facebook, Claudia Juech from Cloudera Foundation and Paul Ko from LinkedIn reflected on their efforts to leverage data science for good through projects like \u003Ca href=\"https://socialscience.one/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Social Science One\u003C/a> and the \u003Ca href=\"https://economicgraph.linkedin.com/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Economic Graph\u003C/a>.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>While the overarching message emerging from these case studies was promising, several barriers were identified that if not addressed systematically could undermine the potential of data science to address critical public needs and limit the opportunity to scale the practice more broadly.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Below we summarize the five priorities that emerged through the workshop for the field moving forward.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>1) Become People-Centric.\u003C/strong> Much of the data currently used for drawing insights involve or are generated by people.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>These insights have the potential to impact people’s lives in many positive and negative ways. Yet, the people and the communities represented in this data are largely absent when practitioners design and develop data for social good initiatives.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>To ensure data is a force for \u003Cem>positive\u003C/em> social transformation (i.e., they address real people’s needs and impact lives in a beneficiary way), we need to experiment with new ways to engage people at the design, implementation, and review stage of data initiatives beyond simply asking for their consent.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>As we explain in our \u003Ca href=\"https://www.peopleledinnovation.org/#/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">People-Led Innovation\u003C/a> methodology, different segments of people can play multiple roles ranging from co-creation to commenting, reviewing and providing additional datasets.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*P5eBSYVzAyAJ18UG\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cem>(Photo credit: Image from the\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.peopleledinnovation.org/#/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"> \u003Cem>people-led innovation report\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>)\u003C/em>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The key is to ensure their needs are front and center, and that data science for social good initiatives seek to address questions related to \u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/people-data-drive-good-claudia-juech/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">real problems\u003C/a> that matter to society-at-large (a key concern that led The GovLab to instigate \u003Ca href=\"http://the100questions.org\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">100 Questions Initiative\u003C/a>).\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>2) Establish Data About the Use of Data (for Social Good).\u003C/strong> Many data for social good initiatives remain fledgling.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>As currently designed, the field often struggles with translating sound data projects into positive change. As a result, many potential stakeholders — private sector and government “owners” of data as well as public beneficiaries — remain unsure about the value of using data for social good, especially against the background of high risks and transactions costs.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The field needs to overcome such limitations if data insights and its benefits are to spread. For that, we need hard evidence about data’s positive impact. \u003Ca href=\"https://apolitical.co/solution_article/to-turn-the-open-data-revolution-from-idea-to-reality-we-need-more-evidence/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Ironically\u003C/a>, the field is held back by an absence of good data on the use of data — a lack of reliable empirical evidence that could guide new initiatives.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The field needs to prioritize developing a far more solid evidence base and “business case” to move data for social good from a good idea to reality.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>3) Develop End-to-End Data Initiatives.\u003C/strong> Too often, data for social good focus on the “data-to-knowledge” pipeline without focusing on how to move “knowledge into action.”\u003C/p> \u003Cp>As such, the impact remains limited and many efforts never reach an audience that can actually act upon the insights generated. Without becoming more sophisticated in our efforts to provide end-to-end projects and taking “ \u003Cem>data from knowledge to action,”\u003C/em> the positive impact of data will be limited. To become more sophisticated about end-to-end may require \u003Ca href=\"http://wearemarble.org\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">leveraging designers\u003C/a> and engaging other disciplines; as well as developing new capacities among both data scientists and decision-makers.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>4) Invest in Common Trust and Data Steward Mechanisms.\u003C/strong> For data for social good initiatives (including data collaboratives) to flourish and scale, there must be substantial trust between all parties involved; and amongst the public-at-large.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Establishing such a platform of trust requires each actor to invest in developing essential trust mechanisms such as data governance structures, contracts, and dispute resolution methods. Today, designing and establishing these mechanisms take tremendous time, energy, and expertise. These high transaction costs result from the lack of common templates and the need to each time design governance structures from scratch.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Absent templates or data steward initiatives like a \u003Ca href=\"#\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">contractual wheel of data collaboration\u003C/a>, the start-up and maintenance costs to establish trust may be too high for many projects, especially those envisioned or launched by smaller organizations.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*9vYZIESNPy6GcltxzUvw1Q.png\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>(\u003Ca href=\"#\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">The Contractual Wheel of Data Collaboration\u003C/a>)\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>5) Build Bridges Across Cultures.\u003C/strong> As C.P. Snow famously described in his lecture on “\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Two_Cultures\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Two Cultures and the Scientific Revolution\u003C/a>,” we must bridge the “two cultures” of science and humanism if we are to solve the world’s problems.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>As a field, data science requires collaboration among multiple disciplines and wide-ranging fields of expertise and knowledge. One pathway toward this goal is to nurture what we at The GovLab call “\u003Ca href=\"http://the100questions.org\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">bilinguals\u003C/a>,” individuals who possess both domain and data science expertise. Similarly, we need to bridge the two other dichotomies limiting the potential of data for social good: the divide between policy practice and scholarship and between private and public sectors.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Taken together, these five priorities provide a roadmap as to accelerate data science for social good in a systematic, sustainable and responsible ways. They may also provide the building blocks to develop more coordinated approaches to what is becoming a fragmented field, including the somewhat divergent focus at this week’s ITU Summit on \u003Ca href=\"https://aiforgood.itu.int/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">AI for Good\u003C/a> (which ultimately depends on data).\u003C/p> \u003Cp>To implement these five priorities we will need experimentation at the operational but also institutional level. This involves the establishment of “\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">data stewards\u003C/a>” within organizations that can accelerate data for social good initiative in a responsible manner integrating the five priorities above. — \u003Cem>Stefaan G. Verhulst\u003C/em>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cem>(Grateful to Natalia Adler, Daniela Paolotti, Ciro Cattuto, Leo Ferres, and Andrew Zahuranec for their input).\u003C/em>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Reposted from\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://apolitical.co/solution_article/how-to-use-data-for-good-5-priorities-and-a-roadmap/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong>apolitical, May 30, 2019\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/how-to-use-data-for-good-5-priorities-and-a-roadmap",{"title":2370,"description":2373},"how-to-use-data-for-good-5-priorities-and-a-roadmap","blogposts/how-to-use-data-for-good-5-priorities-and-a-roadmap","CoYlZd0PMccT1L04EnwQNoD004yGh39BphRv9q5zOP4",{"id":2383,"title":2384,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2385,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2386,"description":2387,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2384,"image":2388,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2389,"meta":2390,"navigation":15,"path":2391,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2392,"slug":2393,"startTime":34,"stem":2394,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2395},"blogposts/blogposts/crowdlaw-for-congress.json","CrowdLaw for Congress",[],"2019-04-12T18:34:06","Strategies for 21st Century Lawmaking.","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*m0VNjVRo1r0f3Pgf0wJbpg.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"796d\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"1c4e\" id=\"1c4e\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">CrowdLaw for Congress: Strategies for 21st Century Lawmaking.\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"362b\" id=\"362b\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">Videos, case studies and practical strategies showcasing how legislatures are using technology to engage with the public improve lawmaking.\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"e453\" id=\"e453\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*m0VNjVRo1r0f3Pgf0wJbpg.jpeg\" data-width=\"1920\" data-height=\"1080\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*m0VNjVRo1r0f3Pgf0wJbpg.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"eb20\" id=\"eb20\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Sponsored by the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.democracyfund.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.democracyfund.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Democracy Fund\u003C/a>, the \u003Ca href=\"http://congress.crowd.law/\" data-href=\"http://congress.crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw for Congress\u003C/a> (congress.crowd.law) project explores how lawmaking bodies around the world are turning to CrowdLaw — or the use of new technology — to foster an efficient two-way conversation with the public that will improve the quality and the legitimacy of lawmaking.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"64d1\" id=\"64d1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">With legislation largely developed by professional staff and elected officials working behind closed doors, it is no wonder that rates of trust in Congress are at historic lows. Lobbyists and advocacy groups vie for precious face time with Members, while constituents’ emails and letters pile up in Congressional offices. These pressures are fueling the demand from lawmakers and the public alike for innovative and efficient ways to meaningfully tap into the public’s expertise and know-how.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bc6c\" id=\"bc6c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Building on its experience working with public partners to design, implement and research the use of new technologies for governing, the \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Governance Lab\u003C/a> at New York University is launching a series of five videos detailing the many ways legislatures around the world are using CrowdLaw practices successfully to engage with the public at each stage of lawmaking.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e796\" id=\"e796\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">The videos are accompanied by in-depth case studies examining CrowdLaw initiatives, online interviews with elected officials and parliamentary staff offering vivid detail of how and why their legislatures are turning to online engagement to improve lawmaking. The CrowdLaw Playbook offers a downloadable guide with practical how-to’s for introducing 21st century lawmaking techniques here in the United States.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/crowdlaw-for-congress",{"title":2384,"description":2387},"crowdlaw-for-congress","blogposts/crowdlaw-for-congress","NcjusXteU19h6g-YdwWZA6-0Iy3R_CR2bhd5FdEY2N0",{"id":2397,"title":2398,"author":2257,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2399,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2400,"description":2401,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2398,"image":2402,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2403,"meta":2404,"navigation":15,"path":2405,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2406,"slug":2407,"startTime":34,"stem":2408,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2409},"blogposts/blogposts/join-us-at-the-data-stewardship-in-action-workshop-at-data-for-policy-2019-in-london.json","Join Us at the Data Stewardship in Action Workshop at Data for Policy 2019 in London",[],"2019-04-04T00:00:00","When: Workshop - June 10th, 2019; Conference - June 11–12, 2019","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*HAtmioaXiedUW0vaecU4Tg.jpeg","\u003Ch1 id=\"join-us-at-the-data-stewardship-in-action-workshop-at-data-for-policy-2019-in-london\">Join Us at the Data Stewardship in Action Workshop at Data for Policy 2019 in London\u003C/h1> \u003Ch2 id=\"data-stewardship-in-action-workshop-at-data-for-policy-2019-in-london\">Data Stewardship in Action Workshop at Data for Policy 2019 in London\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>When:\u003C/strong> Workshop - June 10th, 2019; Conference - June 11–12, 2019\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Where:\u003C/strong> University College London, UK\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"http://dataforpolicy.org/registration/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong>Register Here\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*HAtmioaXiedUW0vaecU4Tg.jpeg\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"http://dataforpolicy.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Data for Policy\u003C/a> “is a premier global forum for interdisciplinary and cross-sector discussions around the impact and potential of the digital revolution in the government sector.” This year’s conference will take place on June 11th and 12th, and is being organized around the theme of Digital Trust and Personal Data. The agenda features keynote talks by Stefaan Verhulst, The GovLab; Julia Stoyanovich, NYU Tandon School of Engineering; Paula Forteza, Member of Parliament, France; and Junseok Hwang, Seoul National University, Korea, among others.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>On Monday, June 10th, The GovLab is hosting a pre-conference workshop on Data Stewardship. The workshop will take stock and review existing efforts of data stewardship to professionalize and systematize the cross-sector exchange of data to create new public value. Participants will brainstorm actionable approaches for responsibly sharing corporate data to address a specific, concrete public problem raised by a public official who can ground the conversation in a real issue.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Through this discussion, the participants will also reflect on lessons learned and previous practice to share broader lessons regarding data collaboration and data stewardship. Participants will consider the value proposition(s) of these emerging practices; questions related to risks and mitigation strategies; technical, legal, and cultural barriers and challenges; tools and methodologies for creating an impact through data collaboration and stewardship; best practices for achieving sustainability; and innovative metrics of success and evaluation techniques, among other issues.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>In addition to sharing knowledge on tools, methodologies, and questions related to data stewardship, the workshop will seek to inspire Data for Policy participants from across sectors to consider new data-driven approaches for solving public problems. It aims to increase experimentation by offering new approaches for data collaboration and stewardship and leveraging the insights and tools discussed in the workshop to decrease the transaction cost, time, and energy needed to establish data collaboratives between the private and public sector.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"http://dataforpolicy.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Learn more about Data for Policy and register here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Learn more about \u003Ca href=\"http://datastewards.net\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Data Stewards\u003C/a>:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"#\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Data Stewards: Data Leadership to Address 21st Century Challenges\u003C/a>\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"https://apolitical.co/solution_article/meet-the-data-stewards/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Data sharing across sectors needs enablers — meet the data stewards\u003C/a>\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"#\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">The Three Goals and Five Functions of Data Stewards\u003C/a>\u003C/li> \u003C/ul>",{},"/blogposts/join-us-at-the-data-stewardship-in-action-workshop-at-data-for-policy-2019-in-london",{"title":2398,"description":2401},"join-us-at-the-data-stewardship-in-action-workshop-at-data-for-policy-2019-in-london","blogposts/join-us-at-the-data-stewardship-in-action-workshop-at-data-for-policy-2019-in-london","w8teBnFTpyVKsmTnfAt31ikIHoHpBLpxnTNpJPSnZV0",{"id":2411,"title":2412,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2413,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2414,"description":2415,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2412,"image":2416,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2417,"meta":2418,"navigation":15,"path":2419,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2420,"slug":2421,"startTime":34,"stem":2422,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2423},"blogposts/blogposts/data-the-lever-to-promote-innovation-in-the-eu.json","Data: The Lever to Promote Innovation in the EU",[],"2019-03-28T18:14:57","By Juan Murillo Arias | Reposted from BBVA OpenMind | March 22, 2019","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*0IOnxt0PsZVyzKCY.jpg","\n\u003Csection name=\"e972\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"eea5\" id=\"eea5\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Data: The Lever to Promote Innovation in the EU\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"c3ce\" id=\"c3ce\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">By Juan Murillo Arias | \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.bbvaopenmind.com/en/technology/digital-world/data-the-lever-to-promote-innovation-in-the-eu/\" data-href=\"https://www.bbvaopenmind.com/en/technology/digital-world/data-the-lever-to-promote-innovation-in-the-eu/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Reposted from BBVA OpenMind\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> | March 22, 2019\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4e07\" id=\"4e07\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">If we do a \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">#10yearchallenge \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>on how stock markets have evolved from 2008 to 2018 it is apparent that in the global ranking of corporations based on market capitalization, oil companies — which led the trading floor rankings for decades — have been replaced by so-called digital natives. Yet another symptom of the wager the new economy is making on companies with the best capabilities to process data as raw materials and transform them into useful and actionable information.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"01f1\" id=\"01f1\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*0IOnxt0PsZVyzKCY.jpg\" data-width=\"570\" data-height=\"613\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*0IOnxt0PsZVyzKCY.jpg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Fuente: Financial Times Global 500, Wikipedia.\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"a4b6\" id=\"a4b6\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure\">THE RACE FOR DATA: A RAW MATERIAL TO DEVELOP DIGITAL SERVICES\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"c99c\" id=\"c99c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">We are in a race to materialize the competitive advantage that comes from having the attention of millions of customers and learning from how they use all kinds of services. This makes it possible to respond to demand quickly and provide \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">digital service users \u003C/strong>useful, customized and distinctive assistance. Income can continue to come from a subscription model, or it could be based on marketing, but one way or another, service development is based on data. In this race, corporations have started by working on the sources of information that were most accessible to them: interactions with their own customers. However, the vision obtained from this analysis is partial and opportunities exist for society as a whole when the barriers separating institutions and the government are broken down. Of course \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">knowledge and consent\u003C/strong> is needed from those individuals who generate that digital footprint with their everyday activity if the model is based on personal data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dc7e\" id=\"dc7e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The European Union has been legislating and reflecting on this for some time now. The initiative \u003Ca href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/policies/building-european-data-economy\" data-href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/policies/building-european-data-economy\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Building a European Data Economy\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, together with the \u003Ca href=\"https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/ES/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32018R1807&from=EN\" data-href=\"https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/ES/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32018R1807&from=EN\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">regulation\u003C/a> on a framework for the free flow of non-personal data in the European Union, and the legislative changes in terms of privacy (\u003Ca href=\"https://www.bbva.com/es/psd2-gdpr-despues-regulacion-digital/\" data-href=\"https://www.bbva.com/es/psd2-gdpr-despues-regulacion-digital/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">GDPR\u003C/a>), are a reflection of this concern for fomenting innovation and a free flow of data on the one hand, while also giving citizens the utmost guarantees over their personal information, which must remain under their control.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"56a9\" id=\"56a9\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*lwzYToBXrS7kxfnT.jpg\" data-width=\"850\" data-height=\"507\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*lwzYToBXrS7kxfnT.jpg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">The initiative Building a European Data Economy aims to develop a European data economy as part of a single digital market. / Image: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--figure-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">pixabay\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"504c\" id=\"504c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">But in order for data to truly become a lever that foments innovation in benefit of society as a whole, we must understand and address the following factors:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bac2\" id=\"bac2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">1. Disconnected, disperse sources. \u003C/strong>As users of digital services (transportation, finance, telecommunications, news or entertainment) we leave a different digital footprint for each service that we use. These footprints, which are different facets of the same polyhedron, can even be contradictory on occasion. For this reason, they must be seen as complementary. Analysts should be aware that they must \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">cross data sources from different origins\u003C/strong> in order to create a reliable picture of our preferences, otherwise we will be basing decisions on partial or biased information. How many times do we receive advertising for items we have already purchased, or tourist destinations where we have already been? And this is just one example of digital marketing. When scoring financial solvency, or monitoring health, the more complete the digital picture is of the person, the more accurate the diagnosis will be.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"feec\" id=\"feec\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Furthermore, from the user’s standpoint, proper management of their entire, disperse digital footprint is a challenge. Perhaps centralized consent would be very beneficial. In the financial world, the PSD2 regulations have already forced banks to open this information to other banks if customers so desire. Fostering competition and facilitating portability is the purpose, but this opening up has also enabled the development of new services of information aggregation that are very useful to financial services users. It would be ideal if this step of \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">breaking down barriers and moving toward a more transparent market \u003C/strong>took place simultaneously in all sectors in order to avoid possible distortions to competition and by extension, consumer harm. Therefore, customer consent would open the door to building a more accurate picture of our preferences.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6c96\" id=\"6c96\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">2. The public and private sectors’ asymmetric capacity to gather data. \u003C/strong>This is related to citizens using public services less frequently than private services in the new digital channels. However, governments could benefit from the information possessed by private companies. These anonymous, aggregated data can help to ensure a more dynamic public management. Even personal data could open the door to customized education or healthcare on an individual level. In order to analyze all of this, the \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">European Commission\u003C/strong>has created a \u003Ca href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/commission-appoints-expert-group-business-government-data-sharing\" data-href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/commission-appoints-expert-group-business-government-data-sharing\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">working group\u003C/a> including 23 experts. The purpose is to come up with a series of recommendations regarding the best legal, technical and economic framework to encourage this information transfer across sectors.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1aa7\" id=\"1aa7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">3. The lack of incentives for companies and citizens to encourage the reuse of their data.\u003C/strong>The reality today is that most companies solely use the sources internally. Only a few have decided to \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">explore data sharing through different models\u003C/strong>(for academic research or for the development of commercial services). As a result of this and other factors, the public sector largely continues using the survey method to gather information instead of reading the digital footprint citizens produce. Multiple studies have demonstrated that this digital footprint would be useful to describe socioeconomic dynamics and monitor the evolution of official statistical indicators. However, these studies have rarely gone on to become pilot projects due to the lack of incentives for a private company to open up to the public sector, or to society in general, making this new activity sustainable.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"e60c\" id=\"e60c\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*3SgyyJnm-2-xHsie.jpg\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"596\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*3SgyyJnm-2-xHsie.jpg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Digital footprints have real potential to describe socioeconomic dynamics and monitor the evolution of official statistical indicators. / Image: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--figure-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">creative commons\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>.\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"e158\" id=\"e158\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">4. Limited commitment to the diversification of services.\u003C/strong>Another barrier is the fact that information based product development is somewhat removed from the type of services that the main data generators (telecommunications, banks, commerce, electricity, transportation, etc.) traditionally provide. Therefore, these data based initiatives are not part of their main business and are more closely tied to companies’ innovation areas where exploratory proofs of concept are often not consolidated as a new line of business.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4796\" id=\"4796\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">5. Bidirectionality. \u003C/strong>Data should also flow from the public sector to the rest of society. The first regulatory framework was created for this purpose. Although it is still very recent (the PSI Directive on the re-use of public sector data was passed in 2013), it is currently \u003Ca href=\"https://datos.gob.es/es/noticia/principales-conclusiones-de-la-revision-de-la-directiva-europea-sobre-reutilizacion-de\" data-href=\"https://datos.gob.es/es/noticia/principales-conclusiones-de-la-revision-de-la-directiva-europea-sobre-reutilizacion-de\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">being revised\u003C/a>, in attempt to foster the consolidation of an open data ecosystem that emanates from the public sector as well. On the one hand it would enable greater transparency, and on the other, the development of solutions to improve multiple fields in which public actors are key, such as the environment, transportation and mobility, health, education, justice and the planning and execution of public works. Special emphasis will be placed on high value data sets, such as statistical or geospatial data — data with tremendous potential to accelerate the emergence of a wide variety of information based data products and services that add value.\u003Ca href=\"http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-19-525_es.htm\" data-href=\"http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-19-525_es.htm\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Commission will begin working with the Member States \u003C/a>to identify these data sets.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dffe\" id=\"dffe\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In its report, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.europeandataportal.eu/sites/default/files/edp_creating_value_through_open_data_0.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.europeandataportal.eu/sites/default/files/edp_creating_value_through_open_data_0.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Creating Data through Open Data\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, the European open data portal estimates that government agencies making their data accessible will inject an extra €65 billion in the EU economy this year.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"385d\" id=\"385d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">6. The commitment to analytical training and financial incentives for innovation.\u003C/strong>They are the key factors that have given rise to the digital unicorns that have emerged, more so in the U.S. and China than in Europe.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"d9f6\" id=\"d9f6\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*zgsiLu9abJyCj9zC.jpg\" data-width=\"671\" data-height=\"400\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*zgsiLu9abJyCj9zC.jpg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"caba\" id=\"caba\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">These are six issues to reflect on as our society heads toward a new context in which elements like the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bbva.com/es/necesita-iot-una-realidad-cotidiana/\" data-href=\"https://www.bbva.com/es/necesita-iot-una-realidad-cotidiana/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">IoT\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bbva.com/es/retos-despliegue-definitivo-5g/\" data-href=\"https://www.bbva.com/es/retos-despliegue-definitivo-5g/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">5G\u003C/a> technology will considerably increase the generation of all kinds of data. A foundation brimming with potential to foster innovative ideas that benefit everyone.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"59de\" id=\"59de\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">*Note: in addition to the author, Álvaro Martín Enríquez, Ana Isabel Segovia Domingo, Elena Alfaro and Tomasa Rodrigo López contributed to the writing of this article with their ideas and comments.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"346f\" id=\"346f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Juan Murillo Aria, \u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data Strategy & Data Science Innovation Senior Project Manager at BBVA Data & Analytics and Member of the Data Stewards Network\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/data-the-lever-to-promote-innovation-in-the-eu",{"title":2412,"description":2415},"data-the-lever-to-promote-innovation-in-the-eu","blogposts/data-the-lever-to-promote-innovation-in-the-eu","y0_qz7O_1IEp8HxPrYfJoCS0QPS1E07Vg0ZzoUgatsk",{"id":2425,"title":2426,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2427,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2428,"description":2429,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2426,"image":2430,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2431,"meta":2432,"navigation":15,"path":2433,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2434,"slug":2435,"startTime":34,"stem":2436,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2437},"blogposts/blogposts/crowdlaw-communique.json","CrowdLaw Communique",[],"2019-03-11T03:53:52","A quarterly newsletter on open and participatory public-decisionmaking","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*dK2A0rjMYVAyJaf3B7fIcg.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"edfd\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"0ed2\" id=\"0ed2\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">CrowdLaw Communiqué\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"4094\" id=\"4094\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">A quarterly newsletter on open and participatory public-decisionmaking\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"a788\" id=\"a788\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*dK2A0rjMYVAyJaf3B7fIcg.jpeg\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"450\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*dK2A0rjMYVAyJaf3B7fIcg.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"1d18\" id=\"1d18\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Subscribe to the CrowdLaw Communiqué \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=806638238e\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=806638238e\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"d3bd\" id=\"d3bd\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Archive\u003C/h4>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"941b\" id=\"941b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--h4\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-communiqu%C3%A9-spring-edition-23c79c9d3811\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-communiqu%C3%A9-spring-edition-23c79c9d3811\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Spring 2018\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"19f3\" id=\"19f3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-communiqu%C3%A9-ogp-edition-2fe97fc34cb8\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-communiqu%C3%A9-ogp-edition-2fe97fc34cb8\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">OGP Special Edition\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"dcdc\" id=\"dcdc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-communiqu%C3%A9-vol-3-fall-2018-68763edd04c1\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-communiqu%C3%A9-vol-3-fall-2018-68763edd04c1\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Fall 2018\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8f07\" id=\"8f07\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-communiqué-continuity-of-legislatures-april-2020-e13f0d4b0529\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-communiqué-continuity-of-legislatures-april-2020-e13f0d4b0529\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Continuity of Legislatures Special Edition (April 2020)\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/crowdlaw-communique",{"title":2426,"description":2429},"crowdlaw-communique","blogposts/crowdlaw-communique","qtW5Mlf7UOxXob2lYUPcNd1oj8OfUORI9NaSCW0ZvoM",{"id":2439,"title":2440,"author":187,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2441,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2442,"description":2443,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2440,"image":2444,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2445,"meta":2446,"navigation":15,"path":2447,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2448,"slug":2449,"startTime":34,"stem":2450,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2451},"blogposts/blogposts/leveraging-and-sharing-data-for-urban-flourishing.json","Leveraging and Sharing Data for Urban Flourishing",[],"2019-02-12T00:00:00","My Testimony before New York City Council Committee on Technology and the Commission on Public Information and Communication (COPIC)","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*nOjCQCF-TPrp9KmA","\u003Ch1 id=\"leveraging-and-sharing-data-for-urban-flourishing\">Leveraging and Sharing Data for Urban Flourishing\u003C/h1> \u003Cp>\u003Cem>Testimony before New York City Council Committee on Technology and the Commission on Public Information and Communication (COPIC)\u003C/em>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>Delivered on February 12, 2019\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Dear Speaker Johnson, Chairperson Koo, and members of the Committee and Commission:\u003C/p> \u003Cp>We live in challenging times. From climate change to economic inequality, the difficulties confronting New York City, its citizens, and decision-makers are unprecedented in their variety, and also in their complexity and urgency. Our standard policy toolkit increasingly seems stale and ineffective. Existing governance institutions and mechanisms seem outdated and distrusted by large sections of the population.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>To tackle today’s problems we \u003Ca href=\"https://www.opendemocracy.net/stefaan-g-verhulst/from-resistance-to-reimagining-governance-6-shifts-that-can-improve-way-we-solve-.\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">need not only new solutions but also new methods for arriving at solutions\u003C/a>. Data can play a central role in this task. Access to and the use of data in a trusted and responsible manner is central to meeting the challenges we face and enabling public innovation.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>This hearing, called by the Technology Committee and the Commission on Public Information and Communication, is therefore timely and very important. It is my firm belief that rapid progress on developing an effective data sharing framework is among the most important steps our New York City leaders can take to tackle the myriad of 21st challenges.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>My name is Stefaan G. Verhulst and I have been an NYC resident for the last 20 years. I am also the Co-Founder and Chief of Research and Development of The GovLab, an action research center based at the Tandon School of Engineering, New York University (NYU). Our mission is to improve people’s lives by changing and updating governance with new technologies. I am also the lead of The GovLab’s Data Program and am delighted to share some of the insights we have gained through our work with a variety of (city) partners on open data and data collaboratives.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>I am joined today by some of my distinguished NYU colleagues, Prof. Julia Lane and Prof. Julia Stoyanovich, who have worked extensively on the technical and privacy challenges associated with data sharing. I will, therefore, avoid duplicating our testimonies and won’t focus on issues of privacy, trust and how to establish a responsible data sharing infrastructure, while these are central considerations for the type of data-driven approaches I will discuss. I am, of course, happy to elaborate on these topics during the question and answer session.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Instead, I want to focus on four core issues associated with data collaboration. I phrase these issues as answers to four questions. For each of these questions, I also provide a set of recommended actions that this Committee could consider undertaking or studying.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The four core questions are:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>First, why should NYC care about data and data sharing?\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Second, if you build a data-sharing framework, will they come?\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Third, how can we best engage the private sector when it comes to sharing and using their data?\u003C/li> \u003Cli>And fourth, is technology is the main (or best) answer?\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>Let me start with the first question: \u003Cstrong>Why should New York City care about data and data sharing?\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>As a society we increasingly recognize and accept that opening and sharing data is essential for government transparency — the focus of today’s hearings. Open data can help shed a powerful light onto hidden corners of governance, ensuring accountability and transparency and, equally important, empowering citizens in the process.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>But I am here today in part to tell you that data sharing has another powerful benefit. \u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Our research \u003C/a>at the GovLab shows that, when analyzed and used responsibly, data also has the potential to transform how city government works, enabling more agile and legitimate decision-making as well as more targeted and effective service delivery.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/social-media.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Our research\u003C/a> suggests that this process happens through at least four pathways:\u003C/p> \u003Cp>First, data can transform governance through \u003Cstrong>improved situational analysis\u003C/strong> , which enables more targeted and effective interventions. An increased ability to access and analyze shared data can allow public officials across departments and agencies to better understand, often in real-time, trends in city activity. It can also help officials understand the geographic distribution of various phenomena, such as population flows and new business activity.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Traffic accidents and fatalities, the reduction of which is promoted by this city through the \u003Ca href=\"https://www1.nyc.gov/site/visionzero/index.page\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Vision Zero initiative\u003C/a>, are two issues that could be better understood through real-time, anonymized traffic pattern and pedestrian data.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Second, data collaboration can also provide \u003Cstrong>better insights into cause and effect of phenomena\u003C/strong> , allowing policy-makers to focus on root causes of public challenges rather than their symptoms. For example, one could use street-level images and pedestrian analytics to understand how infrastructure and design choices impact those with reduced mobility. Alternatively, one could look at vehicle movement patterns to recognize and measure the seasonality of different industries across the city.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Data collaboration can also \u003Cstrong>improve predictive capabilities\u003C/strong> , enabling better planning and preparation. Consider, for instance, how emergency management officials might use data on fixed-street asset locations and commercial space usage. Before a large storm, this data might identify which areas are most at risk, either because they lack defenses from the elements or are near businesses that present \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/29/opinion/new-york-has-a-great-subway-if-youre-not-in-a-wheelchair.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">unique hazards to residents.\u003C/a> This information could, in turn, allow officials to use resources to mitigate those circumstances. It might also be used to support adequate planning and preparation, providing first responders with targeted information that could help them save lives if a catastrophe were to strike.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>And, finally, data collaboration can improve governance by giving officials better ways to \u003Cstrong>assess the impact\u003C/strong> of government programs and initiatives, thus enabling experimentation and evidence-based policy-making. For example, more data on commercial space usage and vehicle movements could help the city better understand the effect of construction on local businesses, allowing officials to offer aid and support where needed. During \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/05/nyregion/05second.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">subway work on the 2nd Avenue subway,\u003C/a> for example, local store-owners said business declined between 25 and 50 percent. Data would allow the City to provide a more specific cost estimate.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Based on the above, our overarching recommendation would be to increase awareness among city officials and employees about the value of data in decision-making and governance. Achieving this awareness, we believe will help drive data sharing and data-driven practices across the city.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Toward this broader goal, I have at least two specific recommendations. They are that this Committee may:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>First, call for the creation of an urban evidence base, comprising illustrative case studies capturing the potential and impact of data collaboration within New York City and additional documentation and guidance that would serve to incentivize and empower city officials to do more with shared data. This knowledge hub would be akin to a portal we have created at the GovLab that similarly documents the potential of data sharing around the world;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Second, consider a directory of data science experts within city government that would complement a directory of data sets (collected or acquired by the City). Making the existing expertise more searchable and discoverable, city officials may be in a better position to seek help in establishing the value propositions outlined above.\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>The second question I want to ask is: \u003Cstrong>If you build a data-sharing framework, will they come?\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>In recent years, governments have spent increasing amounts of time, resources, and effort to make government data accessible with the broad goal of making government more transparent and improving people’s lives. Indeed, the evidence (as revealed for example by our work at the GovLab) shows that this is true.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Yet, despite the irrefutable potential of open data, our work also shows that much of that potential remains untapped. This is, quite simply, the result of a certain market failure: Many (possibly most) open data initiatives are not designed with a focus on matching the \u003Cem>supply\u003C/em> of government data to the (possible) \u003Cem>demand\u003C/em> for it. In other words, much of the data released is released without a clear idea of what challenges it might address and of how it might be useful or used. As a result, it sits untouched and unused; its tremendous potential (not to mention the resources involved in releasing it) wasted.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>So, in answer to the question “If you build it, will they come?” our answer is a resounding \u003Cem>not necessarily.\u003C/em> Data and data sharing through APIs and other technical means have very real potential. But I would caution, equally, that if data-sharing initiatives are not demand-driven, there is a very real risk of wasted time and resources and, as a result, a general loss of faith in the very idea of using data to solve public problems.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>One of our key recommendations to this Committee is the city needs a much better understanding of data demand within and beyond city government. To avoid the types of market failures I’ve just talked about, government needs to ensure the data-sharing infrastructure proposed addresses a specific and identifiable issue, has a clear sense of the target audience of users, and — importantly — is actually usable by that audience.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Mindful of all these issues, the GovLab last year released what we call an \u003Ca href=\"https://publications.iadb.org/en/toward-and-open-data-demand-assessment-and-segmentation-methodology\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Open Data Demand Assessment and Segmentation \u003C/a>methodology that provides several recommendations to ensure that the release of data is more demand-driven.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>For the purposes of this Committee, I would recommend to call for an exercise to establish demand by identifying key questions and problems the city faces. And, in particular, focus this exercise on identifying problem areas (such as affordable housing or traffic accidents) where there is a clear case data could provide most value.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>This demand can be identified in several ways:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>One way would involve every city agency developing a list of top ten questions that could benefit from bringing currently inaccessible data to bear and might, with such data made available for analysis, positively transform the way those agencies achieve their mission.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>This could, of course, also be achieved through a top 100 questions list across city government or various other iterations. The point is to think through specific exercises to help identify real questions and real areas of demand. I am sure this will make the process of releasing data far more productive and useful.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Once questions are identified and their importance validated, engage in a data audit — i.e. review what data is necessary to answer these questions, and compare that with the inventory of data collected and/or acquired by the City as to enabling the matching of the data supply to demand. This effort could also inform the determination of who has authorized access to which datasets for what purposes.\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>The third question I want to ask today is: \u003Cstrong>How can we best engage the private sector when it comes to sharing and using their data?\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The reason we need to ask this question is because, even though many governments and cities around the world have embraced data and the principles of open data, the truth is that much data that could be relevant for policymaking still resides within the private sector. This is as much true for data itself as it is of data capabilities — the ability to process and analyze data, and to derive relevant insights.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>So if cities are to address modern public challenges and improve people’s lives, they need to find ways to engage with the private sector — and in particular to gain access to privately held data. At the GovLab, we’ve spent a significant amount of time working on the notion of \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">data collaboratives\u003C/a>, which are an emerging form of public-private collaboration in which corporate-sector data is leveraged to help find innovative solutions to public challenges.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>This is not the place to go into great detail on what data collaboratives are, the various ways they are organized and what they can do. We have established a repository of more than 150 examples of data collaboratives. Let me just give you a few examples of city data collaboratives in action, and how they’ve helped solve public problems:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>In Chicago, data collaboratives helped public agencies, newsrooms, academics, and researchers better understand the local criminal justice system through the sharing of arrest and investigatory stop data, snapshots of the county jail population, and information on the State’s Attorney’s cases.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>In Los Angeles, a data collaborative between LinkedIn and the Office of the Mayor of Los Angeles gave the mayor’s data team anonymized data on the tech talent in the city. This resource informed the workforce and educational policies of Los Angeles as it sought to enhance its technological talent.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>In Singapore, crowdsourced, user-suggested routes helped improve the utility and responsiveness of Singapore’s private bus transportation services.\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>As for specific recommendations on how the city could consider accessing and using private sector data, I have a few, which I will outline here:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>Commission a survey of privately held data sources covering New York City with the goal of better understanding whether they can help answer questions or solve problems identified through the process outlined earlier;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Identify and establish relationships with key individuals within corporations who are in charge of data and data sharing. We call such individuals “data stewards” and they are critical actors in any data sharing exercise. A New York network of data stewards could help to build momentum and establish good practices around the use of private-sector data assets that could provide value for the City, while also surfacing key challenges dampening the positive public impact of our current data age.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Finally, we believe that the notion of data collaboratives holds tremendous potential, and we recommend New York stake out a leadership role in testing and refining approaches for unlocking the public value of private-sector data. While many cities are rapidly adopting new “Smart City” tools, New York has an opportunity to support rigorous research and analysis of operational and governance models for data collaboration and benefit from more robust and evidence-based approaches to data-driven governance.\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>Moving on now to the fourth and final question I said I wanted to discuss today. That question was: \u003Cstrong>Is technology the answer?\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Anyone who has worked with technology in large organizations knows, as I just said in a slightly different context, the technology itself is often the least of the problems. Resistance to change and transformation (to new insights or new forms of innovation) doesn’t usually occur because of technical problems. It arises as a result of entrenched institutional and cultural resistance.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>This is true of the private sector, and it is equally true of government. Establishing a responsible data-driven environment in the city will require nothing less than a cultural shift within agencies and all aspects of the government. Sometimes the cultural shift is needed to overcome overt resistance. Often, it’s required to deal with risk-averse behavior. For example, many city officials recognize the potential of data yet might still avoid sharing out of a fear of future penalties and sanctions for sharing that some might claim to be unauthorized or ill-advised. There is a general feeling (which is probably largely true) that they are more likely to get into trouble for \u003Cem>too much\u003C/em> sharing than for \u003Cem>too little\u003C/em>.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>So, in answer to the question, Is technology the answer? I would argue technology is necessary, but it’s definitely not sufficient. We need to consider the whole issue of data sharing and data-driven governance within a much broader context.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Out of a wide range of possible options, I have three specific recommendations today for incentives and training approaches that could help drive cultural change:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>First, this Committee should consider establishing a set of metrics to evaluate and measure agencies’ performance with regard to data sharing. These metrics need to include a number of indicators, including discoverability (e.g., through data directories); timeliness, to ensure insights are fresh and accurate; and usability, including but not limited to data standards and formats;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Second, to facilitate the necessary cultural shift, the city government should consider integrating data sharing and use into performance reviews and budget and personnel resource allocation for all agencies. This is an important step in creating the right incentives.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>And, finally, consider creating a “data stewards” award that would be given to the agency or individual within an agency most successful at making data discoverable and leveraging that data to improve their mission. This could also include private-sector actors who have partnered with the city to establish data collaboratives. Such an award would add needed public recognition and appreciation for the value of data sharing in city government.\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Summary and Conclusion:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>These remarks cover what I wanted to talk about today. My testimony contains specific recommendations and steps for further action. If I were to summarize or encapsulate these points into four broader recommendations, recommendations that can later be filled out with detailed actions, they would include the following:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>Raise awareness within city agencies about the potential positive impact of data sharing;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Find ways to better match supply and demand in the data equation, and in particular take steps to better understand the demand and need for data;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Take steps to leverage private data, especially through the use of public-private data collaboratives;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>And finally, facilitate a cultural shift within city agencies to overcome overly reluctant and risk-averse behavior that prevents more data sharing and data-driven decision making.\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>There are, of course, various pathways to these four recommendations, but the important point is that they are not complicated or financially expensive. The potential of data sharing and collaboration is real and achievable.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>What’s required to make it happen is leadership — to implement what is already mandated, to overcome bureaucratic inertia, and to transform how decisions are made and services provided. I know that members of this committee are committed to this endeavor, and I look forward to seeing the very positive results on life in this city. In the meantime, I’m happy to answer any questions.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Appendix 1: Taxonomy of Open Data Impact\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*nOjCQCF-TPrp9KmA\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Based on insights derived from \u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">19 case studies\u003C/a>, the GovLab has found that open data projects tend to fit into one of four overarching categories:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Improving Government\u003C/strong> : Boosting the effectiveness of institutions primarily by tackling corruption and increasing transparency, and enhancing public services and resource allocation;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Empowering Citizens\u003C/strong> : Allowing citizens to take control of their lives and demand change by enabling more informed decision making and new forms of social mobilization, both in turn facilitated by new ways of communicating and accessing information.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Creating Opportunity\u003C/strong> : Stimulating citizens and organizations by fostering innovation and promoting economic growth and job creation.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Solving Public Problems\u003C/strong> : Helping policymakers and citizens address intractable problems with new forms of data-driven assessment and by enabling data-driven engagement.\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Appendix 2: Periodic Table of Open Data’s Impact Factors\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*0lRxc4bS7K_vpxt7\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Based on the existing literature and case studies, we have developed a \u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/periodic-table.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Periodic Table of Open Data Elements\u003C/a> detailing the enabling conditions and disabling factors that often determine the impact of open data initiatives. Although the importance of local variation and context is, of course, paramount, current research and practice shows that the elements included in five central issue categories — Problem and Demand Definition, Capacity and Culture, Partnerships, Risks, Governance — are likely to either enable or disrupt the success of open data projects when replicated across countries.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Appendix 3: Open Data Demand Assessment and Segmentation Methodology\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:500/0*BmC9QIEG2P3zdTEN\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The GovLab, in partnership with the Inter-American Development Bank, and with the support of the French Development Agency developed the \u003Ca href=\"https://publications.iadb.org/en/toward-and-open-data-demand-assessment-and-segmentation-methodology\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Open Data Demand and Assessment Methodology \u003C/a>to provide open data policymakers and practitioners with an approach for identifying, segmenting, and engaging with demand. This process specifically seeks to empower data champions within public agencies who want to improve their data’s ability to improve people’s lives.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Appendix 4: Data Collaboratives\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*fWhOeH2iYy4MgsIQ\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*LAVZ_Qm6NAxDUzmL\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Data collaboratives\u003C/a> are cross-sector collaborations that use data and data science expertise to unlock the societal value of private-sector data. Increasingly, data collaboratives around the world generate insights in health, education, and crisis response, among many other sectors. The above graphics illustrate several notable examples of data collaboratives in the real world and the many forms in which a collaborative can take place.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/leveraging-and-sharing-data-for-urban-flourishing",{"title":2440,"description":2443},"leveraging-and-sharing-data-for-urban-flourishing","blogposts/leveraging-and-sharing-data-for-urban-flourishing","ePVOOMT2IGNiQZG06s81-ALUuXRtnq7dmkdSh6lDv6w",{"id":2453,"title":2454,"author":2257,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2455,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2456,"description":2457,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2454,"image":2458,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2459,"meta":2460,"navigation":15,"path":2461,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2462,"slug":2463,"startTime":34,"stem":2464,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2465},"blogposts/blogposts/data-stewards-camp-london-join-us-on-february-25th.json","Data Stewards Camp London – Join Us on February 25th",[],"2019-02-06T00:00:00","The last few years we have seen an increase in leveraging public and private data through ‘Data Collaboratives’ where participants from…","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*OgcncsubcgAv8eozIy9iJg.jpeg","\u003Ch1 id=\"data-stewards-camp-london-–-join-us-on-february-25th\">Data Stewards Camp London – Join Us on February 25th\u003C/h1> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*OgcncsubcgAv8eozIy9iJg.jpeg\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The last few years we have seen an increase in leveraging public and private data through ‘\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Data Collaboratives\u003C/a>’ where participants from different sectors exchange their data to create public value, informing and transforming how we make decisions, design services and seek to solve problems.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>With the increased practice comes the need to reimagine roles and responsibilities to steer the process of using public and private data — and the insights they can generate — in a trusted manner: data stewards.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>By establishing data stewardship as a function, recognized within the public and private sector as a valued responsibility, the practice of Data Collaboratives can become more systemic, sustainable and responsible.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>On February 25th from 12pm to 5pm, responsible data leaders from across the private sector will come together for the third Data Stewards Camp, organized by\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong>The GovLab\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong>and the\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"http://theodi.org\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong>Open Data Institute\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong>. Held at TechHub in central London, the latest Data Stewards Camp will seek to build on previous events in\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"#\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong>San Francisco\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong>and\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"#\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong>Cape Town\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong>and further advance the use of private sector data for public good.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The half-day event will take stock and review existing efforts of data stewardship, data collaboration and data trusts. In particular, this Camp will focus on topics like incentives for companies to leverage their data in the public interest and emerging models for governing cross-sector data collaboratives.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Attendees will have the opportunity to join the emerging Data Stewards Network community of practice, share their own experiences and findings, and learn from and connect with counterparts from across industries and domains. The Camp will be followed by a \u003Ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/professionalizing-data-collaboration-the-need-for-data-stewards-tickets-55553674536\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong>public event\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> where participants will share insights with a broader audience interested in unlocking the public value of private-sector data.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>For those interested in participating at the Data Stewards Camp, please contact Stefaan Verhulst, Co-Founder of The GovLab at \u003Ca href=\"mailto:stefaan@thegovlab.org\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">stefaan@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/data-stewards-camp-london-join-us-on-february-25th",{"title":2454,"description":2457},"data-stewards-camp-london-join-us-on-february-25th","blogposts/data-stewards-camp-london-join-us-on-february-25th","YeHMiRo8ZWD17O6q8X8LHoYZK8cwFN609GmOHNx14Ik",{"id":2467,"title":2468,"author":2257,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2469,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2470,"description":2471,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2468,"image":2472,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2473,"meta":2474,"navigation":15,"path":2475,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2476,"slug":2477,"startTime":34,"stem":2478,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2479},"blogposts/blogposts/interview-with-heidi-bartis-and-thandi-ndlungwana-of-abinbev.json","Interview with Heidi Bartis and Thandi Ndlungwana of ABInBev",[],"2019-01-16T00:00:00","A data steward [is] almost like an integrator between private, public, and academia, to help us to create awareness around how to…","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*vNfRWEwEJ6aBmTW817LjAg.png","\u003Ch1 id=\"interview-with-heidi-bartis-and-thandi-ndlungwana-of-abinbev\">Interview with Heidi Bartis and Thandi Ndlungwana of ABInBev\u003C/h1> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*vNfRWEwEJ6aBmTW817LjAg.png\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Heidi Bartis and Thandi Ndlungwana, SAB / ABInBev\u003C/p> \u003Cp>>\u003C/p> \u003Cblockquote> \u003Cp>A data steward [is] almost like an integrator between private, public, and academia, to help us to create awareness around how to collaborate to get the best data.\u003C/p> \u003C/blockquote> \u003Cp>In this intervew recorded at the \u003Ca href=\"#\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Data Stewards Network Camp\u003C/a> in Cape Town, South Africa, SAB / ABInBev’s Heidi Bartis, corporate affairs manager for the Cape Region, and Thandi Ndlungwana, corporate affairs specialist for the Cape Region, reflect on the potential value of data stewardship and collaboration in the public interest. In particular, Bartis and Ndlungwana touch on the role of data stewards in facilitating engagement between stakeholders from different sectors and in breaking through silos in larger corporations.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/interview-with-heidi-bartis-and-thandi-ndlungwana-of-abinbev",{"title":2468,"description":2471},"interview-with-heidi-bartis-and-thandi-ndlungwana-of-abinbev","blogposts/interview-with-heidi-bartis-and-thandi-ndlungwana-of-abinbev","wvWEULZjnKBX_wLUV9O60kCn-3BFY0TOD3aSS_jk7UQ",{"id":2481,"title":2482,"author":2257,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2483,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2484,"description":2485,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2482,"image":2486,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2487,"meta":2488,"navigation":15,"path":2489,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2490,"slug":2491,"startTime":34,"stem":2492,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2493},"blogposts/blogposts/making-data-collaboration-more-systematic-responsible-sustainable.json","Making Data Collaboration More Systematic, Responsible, Sustainable",[],"2018-12-19T00:00:00","Key Takeaways from the 2nd Data Stewards Camp in Cape Town","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*qzLSf9keGsFHrc57","\u003Ch1 id=\"making-data-collaboration-more-systematic-responsible-sustainable\">Making Data Collaboration More Systematic, Responsible, Sustainable\u003C/h1> \u003Ch2 id=\"making-data-collaboration-more-systematic-responsible-sustainable-1\">\u003Cstrong>Making Data Collaboration More Systematic, Responsible, Sustainable\u003C/strong>\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>** \u003Cem>Key Takeaways from the 2nd Data Stewards Camp in Cape Town\u003C/em>**\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Esoko is an \u003Ca href=\"https://www.esoko.com/esoko-wins-best-technology-agriculture-award-mobex-innovation-africa/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">award-winning\u003C/a> agriculture technology firm based in Ghana that aims to improve outcomes for smallholder farmers and enable them to maximize the market value of their crop yields. The company’s data-driven offerings, for example, are enabling farmers to track inventory and conduct market research in a more evidence-based manner. But while farmers and the agriculture sector in Africa are always the intended beneficiary of Esoko’s work, they are not the only users of the company’s data. \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/cases/esoko.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Esoko also collaborates\u003C/a> with government and NGO partners to provide them with useful agricultural information to help them conduct land surveys, target social protection programs, and assess the on-the-ground impacts of their work.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Similarly, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ab-inbev.com/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">AB InBev\u003C/a>, a multinational corporation that produces beers and other beverages, is experimenting with new ways to leverage data not only to improve its internal operations, but also to create positive impacts on society. Its \u003Ca href=\"https://www.smartbarley.com/en/blog.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">SmartBarley\u003C/a> program, a collaboration with other businesses, governments, and NGOs, aims to operationalize the corporation’s agriculture data and insights drawn from that data to enable smallholder farmers to improve their “productivity and environmental performance.”\u003C/p> \u003Cp>How data collected by the private sector, including companies like Esoko or AB InBev, can help transform public policy decisions or help solve public problems was the focus of our second Data Stewards Camp held in Cape Town at the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.citi.org.za/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Cape Innovation and Technology initiative\u003C/a> earlier this month. Participants included representatives from Esoko and AB InBev, as well as MCC Group, MyBioMe, Siyavula, Research ICT Africa, Kwantu, Open Data Durban, University of Cape Town, and Stellenbosch University, among several others.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*qzLSf9keGsFHrc57\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>The Need for Data Stewards\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Access to privately held data through \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">data collaboratives\u003C/a> has the potential to make policy making more evidence based, like determining progress toward achieving public-facing objectives, from national priority areas to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and other targets. Yet despite the promise, establishing and sustaining these new collaborative and accountable approaches require significant and time-consuming effort and investment of resources from both data holders on the supply side, and institutions that represent the demand.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Our initiative starts from the premise that, by establishing Data Stewardship as a function, recognized within the private sector as a valued responsibility, the practice of Data Collaboratives can become more predictable, scaleable, sustainable and de-risked.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Our Second Data Stewards Camp\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>On December 3rd in Cape Town, the GovLab and Adapt, along with \u003Ca href=\"http://www.data4sdgs.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">the Global Partnership for Sustainable Development Data (GPSDD)\u003C/a>, held the second Data Stewards Camp aimed at surfacing pathways for advancing the practice and increasing the positive impact of data collaboration and data stewardship across Africa. (Highlights of our First Data Stewards Camp held in San Francisco can be found \u003Ca href=\"#\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>).\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Bringing together Data Stewards and other stakeholders from across the African data ecosystem, the workshop focused on a number of key issues, including:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>the value proposition(s) of these emerging practices;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>questions related to risks and mitigation strategies;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>technical, legal, and cultural barriers and challenges;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>tools and methodologies for creating an impact through data collaboration and stewardship;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>best practices for achieving sustainability; and\u003C/li> \u003Cli>innovative metrics of success and evaluation techniques, among other issues.\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Key Takeaways\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The workshop, and a \u003Ca href=\"#\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">public panel\u003C/a> held afterward, highlighted the importance of fostering conversations amongst data stewards and other stakeholders around those topics. In particular, the workshop made evident that to make data collaboration more \u003Cem>systematic, sustainable, and responsible\u003C/em> , data stewards will play an essential role yet they will need new approaches and tools toward:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>Improving the way we assess the potential value and impact of data collaboratives;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Determining the readiness of the ecosystem for data collaboratives;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Identifying, assessing, and, if needed, creating intermediaries to address gaps and needs within the ecosystem;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Developing a practical tool or framework to help corporations make decisions throughout the data value chain;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Establishing data collaboratives at the local and city level.\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*wUzUyA7cEGAL6cAa\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>1. Improving the way we assess value and impact of data collaboratives\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>A survey of the workshop participants indicated that 100% of those attending felt that privately held data can serve the public good. Yet despite the overall consensus of the potential, there was no clear agreement among participants that there was an expectation from the public for companies to share private data (only 30% strongly agreed and 30% strongly disagreed), nor was there belief that strong incentives exist for the private sector to leverage their data for the public good (0% of participants strongly agreed).\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Participants made clear the need for tools, strategies, and frameworks for assessing the potential value of data collaboration. Especially as the real and important risks surrounding data collection and sharing often dominate the conversation, data stewards often lack targeted mechanisms for understanding the potential value of a particular collaboration — or the risks of \u003Cem>not\u003C/em> sharing data. In order to move from a fully risk averse approach to data use, data stewards need tools to help weigh the potential risks of data sharing against the potential rewards. Moreover, such a value assessment tool could also play a key role in ensuring that data leveraged as part of a data collaborative is fit for purpose and well targeted for addressing the root causes of the problems at hand. A well defined value proposition upfront will also allow for a more rigorous impact assessment down the line.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>In addition, several indicated that the value proposition for data collaboration is still not well understood among key stakeholders, including corporations, and expressed the need for more case studies and stories on existing practice.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>2. Determining readiness for data collaboration\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>In order to make an informed decision regarding the viability of a data collaborative opportunity, data stewards need to determine whether the demand side of the equation (e.g., researchers, public authorities or civil society partners) has the requisite infrastructure and capacity in place to meaningfully act on the data. In some cases this is a technical question — if data is to be shared, partners need to possess the technical capacity to analyze (and protect) it. In other cases, namely when insights drawn from the data or data science expertise are shared rather than actual datasets, readiness is more of a question of partners’ ability to act on that intelligence in a meaningful way toward addressing public problems.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Readiness for data collaboration is also a question for data stewards when looking internally. Participants highlighted that data cleaning or additional processing can be required in order to prepare data to be shared with external parties. Although this preparation can represent an additional step for data holders to undertake, there is also potential internal value that could arise from such improvements to the quality and utility of data.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>3. Considering intermediaries to address gaps and needs\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Quite often, data collaboratives involve additional stakeholders beyond the data suppliers in the private sector and data users in the public or civil sector. A wide range of third-party intermediaries can potentially add value, credibility, and rigor to data collaboratives. Data collaboratives often leverage the skills, expertise, and capacity of intermediaries in academia, topic-relevant community-based organizations, and data science organizations, among other actors. Importantly, participants noted that for data collaboratives in the African context, funders and international organizations often have a seat at the table from the start. Several also raised concerns about providing certain data users, including government, direct access to their data or insights and felt that the use intermediaries may be more appropriate in some cases.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Strategies for identifying potentially valuable intermediaries, and for maximizing the added value of different third parties engaged as part of the collaboration could aid data stewards in achieving their objectives for maximizing the public value of the data their companies hold.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>4.Meaningfully assessing strategies throughout the Data Value Chain\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Positioning a data collaborative for success involves the consideration of risks — which tend to differ depending on the stakeholders, use cases, and types of data at play. Workshop participants identified a need for tools, such as data responsibility frameworks and decision trees, to help data stewards meaningfully assess the risks of data collaboration opportunities. Such tools could act as an evidence-based checklist of key considerations and questions to ask related to potential risks across the data lifecycle, helping data stewards to become more systematic in determining whether or not data collaborative opportunities are viable and worth pursuing in earnest.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Participants also identified an important and related gap in the current evidence base surrounding data stewardship and collaboration: the lack of insights regarding data collaboratives that succumbed to risks. While success stories are often amplified and shared, failures are more likely to be swept under the rug, obscuring potentially valuable lessons on risk identification and concrete examples that could inform the development of risk mitigation strategies going forward.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>5. Focus on City Data Collaboratives\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Finally, participants made clear that data collaboration at the city or municipal level represents an area of particular opportunity in the African context and beyond. Not only do city governments often enjoy a level of agility beyond that of provincial or national governments, but officials working at the city level are also closer to the public problems experienced in their communities, making them optimal partners for ensuring that data collaboratives are fit for purpose.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*dCVJgljV4kKb9CbY\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>What’s Next\u003C/strong>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>In 2019, GovLab and Adapt will continue to work together to make data collaboratives more systemic, sustainable and responsible by providing more tools and resources, learning and networking opportunities, to build and maintain a common practice among data stewards across the globe.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The five key takeaways described above, combined with the insights from the initial \u003Ca href=\"#\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Data Stewards Camp\u003C/a> event — which highlighted the need for a data stewards network — provide us with a clear roadmap for support the Network and growing the ecosystem of data stewards.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>In particular, in the coming months we will seek to support data stewards and the creation of data collaboratives by developing, among other things:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>A value and impact assessment framework for data collaboratives and series of case studies;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>A set of criteria and enabling conditions for determining the readiness of the ecosystem for data collaboratives and need for intermediaries;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Decision trees to help data stewards assess options throughout the data value chain;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>An assessment and overview of city data collaboratives that can inform more evidence based design of data collaboratives at the city level (including in Cape Town).\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Cp>We are also planning another Data Stewards Camp in London with the Open Data Institute in the first quarter of 2019 to make and share progress on the above.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>If you are interested in learning more about the Data Stewards Network, or to participate in the upcoming convening in London, please reach out to Stefaan Verhulst (stefaan@thegovlab.org).\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/making-data-collaboration-more-systematic-responsible-sustainable",{"title":2482,"description":2485},"making-data-collaboration-more-systematic-responsible-sustainable","blogposts/making-data-collaboration-more-systematic-responsible-sustainable","TjKiT110qvFEg03M_x3qcmMVlBYovP1rymBojtkVw40",{"id":2495,"title":2496,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2497,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2498,"description":2499,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2496,"image":2500,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2501,"meta":2502,"navigation":15,"path":2503,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2504,"slug":2505,"startTime":34,"stem":2506,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2507},"blogposts/blogposts/el-ejemplo-de-madrid-y-por-que-la-participacion-ciudadana-an-no-funciona.json","El ejemplo de Madrid y por que la participacion ciudadana an no funciona",[],"2018-12-11T02:31:47","El Pais, December 10, 2018","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*xJhO44477Q5bQ1u7VP0WUA.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"ac45\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"00cc\" id=\"00cc\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">El ejemplo de Madrid y por qué la participación ciudadana aún no funciona\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"7a7e\" id=\"7a7e\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">El Pais, December 10, 2018\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"f394\" id=\"f394\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Beth Noveck, directora de Gobierno Abierto con el presidente Obama, daba una conferencia en enero en Santiago de Chile. Hablaba de docenas de casos de participación ciudadana en todo el mundo. El portal Decide Madrid, decía, era uno de los más destacados. Pero no es aún un éxito: “Si no arreglan esa plataforma la gente dejará de participar”, dijo Noveck.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"528f\" id=\"528f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*xJhO44477Q5bQ1u7VP0WUA.jpeg\" data-width=\"1960\" data-height=\"831\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*xJhO44477Q5bQ1u7VP0WUA.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Beth Noveck, directora del Governance Lab (GovLab) y profesora de Tecnología, Cultura y Sociedad en la Universidad de Nueva York. SANTI BURGOS\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"a95d\" id=\"a95d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--figure\">“¿Dije eso? \u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PL64egMj_CU\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PL64egMj_CU\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">¿Está grabado?\u003C/a> Bueno, al menos siguen hablando conmigo”, explica Noveck en Madrid, donde acaba de firmar un convenio de 150.000 euros para que el centro que dirige, GovLab, tenga su primera sede europea en la capital de España. Noveck lleva más de un año hablando con el delegado de Participación y Transparencia del Ayuntamiento, Pablo Soto, sobre cómo mejorar la herramienta Decide Madrid. “Aquí hay una rigidez real con el modelo. Necesitamos probar más cosas”, explica Noveck en Madrid durante la visita en la que firmó el convenio y participó en un acto del Aspen Institute.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7f4b\" id=\"7f4b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Full article \u003Ca href=\"https://elpais.com/tecnologia/2018/12/05/actualidad/1544030653_254137.html\" data-href=\"https://elpais.com/tecnologia/2018/12/05/actualidad/1544030653_254137.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/el-ejemplo-de-madrid-y-por-que-la-participacion-ciudadana-an-no-funciona",{"title":2496,"description":2499},"el-ejemplo-de-madrid-y-por-que-la-participacion-ciudadana-an-no-funciona","blogposts/el-ejemplo-de-madrid-y-por-que-la-participacion-ciudadana-an-no-funciona","X2Psx99Xoju17fJkzU4_5kOHr9U0HToTaV7DrM8h1jg",{"id":2509,"title":2510,"author":2257,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2511,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2512,"description":2513,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2510,"image":2514,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2515,"meta":2516,"navigation":15,"path":2517,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2518,"slug":2519,"startTime":34,"stem":2520,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2521},"blogposts/blogposts/how-the-data-that-internet-companies-collect-can-be-used-for-the-public-good.json","How the Data That Internet Companies Collect Can Be Used for the Public Good",[],"2018-11-27T00:00:00","Stefaan G. Verhulst and Andrew Young at Harvard Business Review: “…In particular, the vast streams of data generated through social media…","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*AsOPJtXXgyMFaIMb3ZzBVA.jpeg","\u003Ch1 id=\"how-the-data-that-internet-companies-collect-can-be-used-for-the-public-good\">How the Data That Internet Companies Collect Can Be Used for the Public Good\u003C/h1> \u003Cp>Stefaan G. Verhulst and Andrew Young at \u003Ca href=\"https://hbr.org/2018/01/how-the-data-that-internet-companies-collect-can-be-used-for-the-public-good\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Harvard Business Review\u003C/a>: “…In particular, the vast streams of data generated through social media platforms, when analyzed responsibly, can offer insights into societal patterns and behaviors. These types of behaviors are hard to generate with existing social science methods. All this information poses its own problems, of complexity and noise, of risks to privacy and security, but it also represents tremendous potential for mobilizing new forms of intelligence.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*AsOPJtXXgyMFaIMb3ZzBVA.jpeg\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>NICHOLAS BLECHMAN\u003C/p> \u003Cp>In a \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/social-media.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">recent report\u003C/a>, we examine ways to harness this potential while limiting and addressing the challenges. Developed in collaboration with Facebook, the report seeks to understand how public and private organizations can join forces to use social media data — through data collaboratives — to mitigate and perhaps solve some our most intractable policy dilemmas.\u003C/p> \u003Ch2 id=\"data-collaboratives-public-private-partnerships-for-our-data-age\">Data Collaboratives: Public-Private Partnerships for Our Data Age\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>For all of data’s potential to address public challenges, most data generated today is collected by the private sector. Typically ensconced in corporate databases, and tightly held in order to maintain competitive advantage, this data contains tremendous possible insights and avenues for policy innovation. But because the analytical expertise brought to bear on it is narrow, and limited by private ownership and access restrictions, its vast potential often goes untapped.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Data collaboratives\u003C/a> offer a way around this limitation. They represent an emerging public-private partnership model, in which participants from different areas , including the private sector, government, and civil society , can come together to exchange data and pool analytical expertise in order to create new public value. While still an emerging practice, \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/explorer.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">examples of such partnerships\u003C/a> now exist around the world, across sectors and public policy domains….\u003C/p> \u003Ch2 id=\"professionalizing-the-responsible-use-of-private-data-for-public-good\">Professionalizing the Responsible Use of Private Data for Public Good\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>For all its promise, the practice of data collaboratives remains ad hoc and limited. In part, this is a result of the lack of a well-defined, professionalized concept of data stewardship within corporations. Today, each attempt to establish a cross-sector partnership built on the analysis of social media data requires significant and time-consuming efforts, and businesses rarely have personnel tasked with undertaking such efforts and making relevant decisions.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>As a consequence, the process of establishing data collaboratives and leveraging privately held data for evidence-based policy making and service delivery is onerous, generally one-off, not informed by best practices or any shared knowledge base, and prone to dissolution when the champions involved move on to other functions.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>By establishing data stewardship as a corporate function, recognized within corporations as a valued responsibility, and by creating the methods and tools needed for responsible data-sharing, the practice of data collaboratives can become regularized, predictable, and de-risked.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>If early efforts toward this end — from initiatives such as Facebook’s Data for Good efforts in the social media space and MasterCard’s \u003Ca href=\"https://mastercardcenter.org/action/call-action-data-philanthropy/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Data Philanthropy\u003C/a> approach around finance data — are meaningfully scaled and expanded, data stewards across the private sector can act as change agents responsible for determining what data to share and when, how to protect data, and how to act on insights gathered from the data.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Still, many companies (and others) continue to balk at the prospect of sharing “their” data, which is an understandable response given the reflex to guard corporate interests. But our research has indicated that many benefits can accrue not only to data recipients but also to those who share it. Data collaboration is not a zero-sum game.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>With support from the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.hewlett.org/strategy/citizen-voices-and-evidence-informed-policy/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Hewlett Foundation\u003C/a>, we are embarking on a two-year project toward professionalizing data stewardship (and the use of data collaboratives) and establishing well-defined data responsibility approaches. We invite others to \u003Ca href=\"http://stefaan@thegovlab.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">join us\u003C/a> in working to transform this practice into a widespread, impactful means of leveraging private-sector assets, including social media data, to create positive public-sector outcomes around the world….(\u003Ca href=\"https://hbr.org/2018/01/how-the-data-that-internet-companies-collect-can-be-used-for-the-public-good\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">More\u003C/a>)”.\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/how-the-data-that-internet-companies-collect-can-be-used-for-the-public-good",{"title":2510,"description":2513},"how-the-data-that-internet-companies-collect-can-be-used-for-the-public-good","blogposts/how-the-data-that-internet-companies-collect-can-be-used-for-the-public-good","t_Xp-IbTf0w5ScWp2bj_8dBKBX0__4xghHPGVegNm9o",{"id":2523,"title":2524,"author":187,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2525,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2526,"description":2527,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2524,"image":2528,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2529,"meta":2530,"navigation":15,"path":2531,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2532,"slug":2533,"startTime":34,"stem":2534,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2535},"blogposts/blogposts/how-to-harness-private-data-towards-meeting-the-sdgs-the-need-for-data-stewards.json","How to harness private data towards meeting the SDGs? The need for data stewards",[],"2018-11-26T00:00:00","To meet the objectives set forth in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, it is clear, we need not only new solutions, but also new…","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*uuow9frh5wqSW4Mnbmp52Q.png","\u003Ch1 id=\"how-to-harness-private-data-towards-meeting-the-sdgs-the-need-for-data-stewards\">How to harness private data towards meeting the SDGs? The need for data stewards\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*uuow9frh5wqSW4Mnbmp52Q.png\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>To meet the objectives set forth in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, it is clear, we need not only new solutions, but also \u003Ca href=\"https://www.opendemocracy.net/stefaan-g-verhulst/from-resistance-to-reimagining-governance-6-shifts-that-can-improve-way-we-solve-\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new methods for arriving at solutions\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Towards that end \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/access-to-new-data-sources-for-statistics-business-models-and-incentives-for-the-corporate-sector/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">statistical agencies\u003C/a>, for example, are increasingly looking to non-traditional data sources from the private and civil sectors to complement and enhance official statistics. The vast streams of data generated through technology, social media platforms, and other sensors, when analyzed responsibly, can offer unique insights into societal patterns and behaviors.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>These insights could be harnessed to enable innovative ways to measure global progress on the SDGs and inform evidence-based policy decisions. At the same time, large datasets create their own problems — of complexity and noise, risks to privacy and security, and the potential to have a disparate impact on already vulnerable populations.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>One of the greatest tasks of our era may be figuring out how to unlock and harness the value of this data to provide actionable insights for positive social and economic impacts.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>This is where the role of \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">data collaboratives\u003C/a> comes in.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/social-media.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Data collaboratives\u003C/a> refer to an emergent form of public-private partnership that allows for collaboration around new data sources across sectors, SDGs and geographies.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Data collaborative-type entities and initiatives have emerged in sectors as varied as \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/intels-big-data-for-precision-farming.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">agriculture\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/mapping-snow-melting-in-the-sierra-nevada.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">climate change mitigation\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"http://www.data2x.org/big-data-challenge-awards/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gender\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/kaiser-permanente-research-bank.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">health\u003C/a>, among many others. \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/mobile-positioning-for-tourism-statistics.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">In Estonia\u003C/a>, anonymized mobile phone data is helping to understand the volume of tourism and foreign workers, and to tailor government services and transport options to them accordingly. \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/tracking-malaria-in-namibia-with-cell-phone-data.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">In Namibia\u003C/a>, satellite imagery and telecom businesses are sharing data to track the spread of malaria. If you are interested in learning about other examples of these data collaboratives and initiatives, please click \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/explorer.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:624/0*lfJvqpb4oBLoRI5x.jpg\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Yet, for all its promise, the practice of data collaboratives remains largely ad hoc and limited. In part, this is the result of a lack of a well-defined, professionalized concept of data stewardship within corporations that includes a clear mandate to explore ways to harness the potential of their data towards positive public ends.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Consequentially, the process of establishing data collaboratives and leveraging privately held data for policy making is onerous and prone to dissolution when the internal champions involved move on to other functions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>By establishing data stewardship as a corporate function, recognized and trusted within corporations, and by creating the methods and tools needed for responsible data-sharing, the practice of data collaboratives can become regularized and less risky.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>DataStewards.net\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>With support from the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.hewlett.org/strategy/citizen-voices-and-evidence-informed-policy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hewlett Foundation\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the GovLab\u003C/a> has embarked on a project, \u003Ca href=\"https://datastewards.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">DataStewards.net\u003C/a>, to identify and connect existing practices of data stewardship and to define new approaches to data responsibility.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:624/0*9l6ORl5SLE46xrL3.jpg\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>At a kick-off event held at the Cloudera Foundation in May 2018 — attended by representatives from Linkedin, Facebook, Uber, Mastercard, DigitalGlobe, Cognizant and Streetlight Data, among others — participants described their experiences with data collaboration, mapped key opportunities and challenges, and discussed the roles and responsibilities of “data stewards” — groups or individuals within corporations responsible for the handling of data.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Four key takeaways emerged that help us to better understand both the potential and challenges of data collaboratives. These are summarized briefly below (\u003Ca href=\"#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">longer version here\u003C/a>).\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Maturity and capacity:\u003C/strong> Attendees pointed out that the field of data collaboratives is fledgling and ill-defined, posing certain challenges to more widespread adoption. In particular, public awareness is limited, leading to ambivalence or suspicion. Corporations themselves often don’t appreciate the value of sharing data, which similarly limits the amount of private data shared for the public good. There often exists confusion on how to pursue public good in the context of a profit-driven business. Additionally, attendees pointed out that holders and recipients of data often lack the resources to use and maximize the potential of shared information. Increasing human and technical capacity — along with awareness — is therefore critical to expanding the use of data collaboratives.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Transaction costs:\u003C/strong> Conference participants also pointed to the high transaction costs of data sharing. These can come from preparing data; identifying and vetting potential partners; and negotiating the legal and commercial terms of sharing. Importantly, transaction costs are especially burdensome for entities that are under-funded or under-resourced. Mitigating these transaction costs is essential to creating a broader community of data collaboratives and to ensuring a level playing field.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Scaling:\u003C/strong> It is often difficult to scale or replicate data collaboratives. What works in one instance is frequently less successful in another. A small-scale sharing project may have trouble including new and more data. To overcome these challenges, participants suggested platforms to help groups find new opportunities or identify new collaboration partners. Pooling of efforts, expertise and experience is essential, especially for groups that lack resources.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Community of practice:\u003C/strong> There was broad consensus on the need for a community in which data stewards can share experiences and resources. Such an environment, formal or informal, would offer a safe environment for practitioners to trade stories, tools and lessons. Even MOUs, contract language and legal frameworks, as well as a mapping of firms pioneering data uses for public good, could be shared through the community of practice.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>The \u003Ca href=\"https://undataforum.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">UN World Data Forum\u003C/a> provides a great opportunity to review, validate and find ways to make data collaboratives more systemic and sustainable. I hope you will join us at our panel on “data stewardship in action” that will look into options towards reducing barriers and unlocking beneficial partnerships between the private and the public sectors to return value to the population, directly improving quality of life.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In the meantime, if anyone is interested in joining the emerging data stewards community of practice, please get in touch with us through \u003Ca href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">datastewards@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>(Initially posted at the\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://undataforum.org/WorldDataForum/how-to-harness-private-data-towards-meeting-the-sdgs-the-need-for-data-stewards/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> \u003Cem>UN- World Data Forum website\u003C/em>\u003C/a> \u003Cem>)\u003C/em>\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/how-to-harness-private-data-towards-meeting-the-sdgs-the-need-for-data-stewards",{"title":2524,"description":2527},"how-to-harness-private-data-towards-meeting-the-sdgs-the-need-for-data-stewards","blogposts/how-to-harness-private-data-towards-meeting-the-sdgs-the-need-for-data-stewards","Z3jFMPf1hOoOqVoiEiWPKIWnzj-tRw9Y1voRk9HVAHM",{"id":2537,"title":2538,"author":1921,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2539,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2526,"description":2540,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2538,"image":2541,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2542,"meta":2543,"navigation":15,"path":2544,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2545,"slug":2546,"startTime":34,"stem":2547,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2548},"blogposts/blogposts/the-emergence-of-data-collaborativesin-numbers.json","The Emergence of Data Collaboratives…in Numbers",[],"Data Collaboratives are a new form of collaboration, beyond the public-private partnership model, in which participants from different…","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*KQSuiQckWnId5pQZ.png","\u003Ch1 id=\"the-emergence-of-data-collaboratives…in-numbers\">The Emergence of Data Collaboratives…in Numbers\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp>Data Collaboratives are a new form of collaboration, beyond the public-private partnership model, in which participants from different sectors — including private companies, research institutions, and government agencies — can exchange data to help solve public problems. They range from the \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/cases/mobile-phone-data-for-optimizing-bus-routes-in-korea.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">use of telecom data\u003C/a> to inform urban planning to intelligence products illuminating economic trends \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/cases/jp-morgan-chase-online-platform-economy-report.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">developed with proprietary financial data\u003C/a> to agricultural analyses \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/cases/crop-survey-by-farmland-using-satellite-and-aerial-remote-sensing-to-help-estimate-agricultural-statistics.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">generated through satellite imagery data\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The last two years, the GovLab has been identifying and documenting \u003Ca href=\"#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">data collaboratives\u003C/a> effort from around the world in its \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/explorer.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">data collaborative repository\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The repository has become the most comprehensive mapping of data collaboratives worldwide.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Based upon this curated universe, we can extract best practices and lessons learned and translate these into a \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/canvas.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">canvas\u003C/a> on how to create new data collaboratives and address the existing hurdles facing data collaboratives effort.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"taking-stock…in-numbers\">Taking stock…in numbers\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>As of this blog update, we have identified and curated \u003Cstrong>145\u003C/strong> data collaboratives examples in our repository, with the following breakdowns based on the type of collaboration, region, and sector. Detailed descriptions of each category can be found \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/static/files/data-collaboratives-intro.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"type-of-collaboration\">Type of Collaboration\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*KQSuiQckWnId5pQZ.png\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"region\">Region\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*B2u8b5lA3wkDp5dV.png\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"sector\">Sector\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>\n\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/0*qPlTsqljZ1p2BaRt.png\" alt=\"\">\n\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\n\u003C/figure>\n\u003Cp> \u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/the-emergence-of-data-collaborativesin-numbers",{"title":2538,"description":2540},"the-emergence-of-data-collaborativesin-numbers","blogposts/the-emergence-of-data-collaborativesin-numbers","gpb-X0ognrT4-yy8yTRiC-ax5T8FgqdhVEKMiTqZa1U",{"id":2550,"title":2551,"author":187,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2552,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2553,"description":2554,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2551,"image":2555,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2556,"meta":2557,"navigation":15,"path":2558,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2559,"slug":2560,"startTime":34,"stem":2561,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2562},"blogposts/blogposts/the-three-goals-and-five-functions-of-data-stewards.json","The Three Goals and Five Functions of Data Stewards",[],"2018-09-19T00:00:00","Data Stewards: a new Role and Responsibility for an AI and Data Age","https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1000/1*13a68IR-LfBE5nuUKpSf8Q.png","\u003Ch1 id=\"the-three-goals-and-five-functions-of-data-stewards\">The Three Goals and Five Functions of Data Stewards\u003C/h1> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1000/1*13a68IR-LfBE5nuUKpSf8Q.png\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>. More at \u003Ca href=\"https://datastewards.net/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://datastewards.net/\u003C/a>\u003C/p> \u003Ch2 id=\"data-stewards-a-new-role-and-responsibility-for-an-ai-and-data-age\">Data Stewards: a new Role and Responsibility for an AI and Data Age\u003C/h2> \u003Cp>As data grows increasingly prevalent in our economy and society, it is increasingly clear, too, that tremendous value can be derived from reusing and combining previously separate data sets. Of course, recombination poses certain risks, notably to privacy. At \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">the GovLab\u003C/a>, an action research center at the \u003Ca href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Tandon School of Engineering\u003C/a> of New York University, we are researching ways that data can be reused and combined responsibly so that the benefits outweigh the dangers, and in a manner that makes a genuine contribution toward solving important public problems.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>One avenue that holds particular promise is the emerging structure of \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Data Collaboratives\u003C/a>. Data collaboratives occur when institutions or organizations provide access to data, usually across sectors, in new and \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/explorer.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">innovative ways\u003C/a>. Some of the most interesting Data Collaboratives result when private sector entities share access to their vast stores of (often siloed) data with civil society, public officials or others working in the public interest. Data Collaboratives have, for instance:\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>Helped \u003Ca href=\"https://research.fb.com/facebook-disaster-maps-methodology/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">streamline aid delivery\u003C/a> to victims of natural disaster by leveraging Facebook data on people’s movement after natural disasters with aid workers;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Measured people’s economic resilience to natural disasters using sale payments and ATM cash withdrawal data from the bank \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/bbva---measuring-peoples-economic-resilience-to-natural-disasters.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">BBVA in Mexico\u003C/a>; and\u003C/li> \u003Cli>Provided better urban insights to city officials by leveraging Waze data through its \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1msH86f0Uh9DoRT0srC1a-MMYjhwF8hTqHiR4-AeS72U/edit#bookmark=id.u4thitknh2fz\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Connected Citizen Program\u003C/a>,\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Ch3 id=\"_the-importance-of-“data-stewards”_\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>The importance of “Data Stewards”\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3> \u003Cp>Not all Data Collaboratives succeed. We have come across many failures over the course of our research. Success depends on several factors, including whether a problem statement has been clearly articulated, whether the recipient organization possesses the requisite technical capacity to handle the data, can both parties trust one another and whether the data itself is accessible and of acceptable and usable quality (e.g., being free of errors, bias and inconsistencies).\u003C/p> \u003Cblockquote> \u003Cp>Success depends on the existence within sharing organizations of individuals or teams that are empowered to proactively initiate, facilitate and coordinate data collaboratives when they may be useful or necessary.\u003C/p> \u003C/blockquote> \u003Cp>Crucially, we have found that success also depends on the existence within sharing organizations of individuals or teams that are empowered to proactively initiate, facilitate and coordinate data collaboratives when they may be useful or necessary. We call such individuals and teams “\u003Ca href=\"https://datastewards.net/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">data stewards\u003C/a>”. Data stewards have the requisite expertise and authority to recognize opportunities for productive collaborations or to respond to external requests for data. They systematize the process of partnering, and help scale efforts when there are fledgling signs of success.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Several companies — including Mastercard, Facebook, LinkedIn, Uber, Cloudera, and Digital Globe — have recently put into place data steward roles (though they don’t necessarily call them by that title). These individuals or teams are tasked with the responsibility of identifying, structuring, guiding and evaluating collaborative opportunities\u003C/p> \u003Ch3 id=\"-_defining-data-stewardship_\">** \u003Cem>Defining Data Steward(ship)\u003C/em>**\u003C/h3> \u003Cp>Yet even as we see more data steward-type roles defined within companies, there exists considerable confusion about just what they should be doing. In particular, we have noticed a tendency to conflate the roles of data stewards with those of individuals or groups who might be better described as chief privacy, chief data or security officers. This slippage is perhaps understandable, but our notion of the role is somewhat broader. While privacy and security are of course key components of trusted and effective data collaboratives, the real goal is to leverage private data for broader social goals — while preventing harm.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>So what are the necessary attributes of data stewards? What are their roles, responsibilities, and goals of data stewards? And how can they be most effective, both as champions of sharing within organizations and as facilitators for leveraging data with external entities? These are some of the questions we seek to address in our current research, and below we outline some key preliminary findings.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The following “Three Goals” and “Five Functions” can help define the aspirations of data stewards, and what is needed to achieve the goals. While clearly only a start, these attributes can help guide companies currently considering setting up sharing initiatives or establishing data steward-like roles.\u003C/p> \u003Ch3 id=\"the-three-goals-of-data-stewards\">\u003Cstrong>The Three Goals of Data Stewards\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*FdldcgElDNjPmIliu8QqzA.png\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>The Three Goals of Data Stewards\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Collaborate:\u003C/strong> Data stewards are committed to working and collaborating with others, with the goal of unlocking the inherent value of data when a clear case exists that it serves the public good and that it can be used in a responsible manner.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Protect:\u003C/strong> Data stewards are committed to managing private data ethically, which means sharing information responsibly, and preventing harm to potential customers, users, corporate interests, the wider public and of course those individuals whose data may be shared.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Act:\u003C/strong> Data stewards are committed to pro-actively acting in order to identify partners who may be in a better position to unlock value and insights contained within privately held data.\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Ch3 id=\"the-five-functions-of-data-stewards\">\u003Cstrong>The Five Functions of Data Stewards\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3> \u003Cp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:700/1*LVvQJk3qiNxBnmhkOd5Vgw.png\" alt=\"\">\u003Cfigcaption>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Five Functions of Data Stewards\u003C/p> \u003Cul> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Partnership and Community Engagement:\u003C/strong> A central function of data stewards involves developing and implementing a more proactive and responsive approach to reaching out to and vetting potential partners. In addition, data stewards should be informing potential beneficiaries (and others) of the insights generated as a result of data collaborative efforts. In general, data stewards are responsible for engaging with all actors (both within and without their companies) who may be affected by or otherwise have a stake in the innovative use of data.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Internal Coordination and Staff Engagement:\u003C/strong> Establishing a successful data collaborative requires internal coordination and sign-off from various company actors — including, for instance, the legal, technical, data, marketing and sales teams. Data stewards are key to ensuring internal stakeholders and company leadership are informed and aligned. In addition, data stewards often play an important role in mapping and matching staff that have specific skills, such as data science abilities, or interest in data collaborative initiatives.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Data Audit, Ethics and Assessment of Value and Risk:\u003C/strong> Data stewards are responsible for monitoring and assessing the value, potential, and risk of all data held within an organization. This responsibility includes knowing what data the organization collects, and what public interest questions that data could potentially help answer. Data stewards should also be in involved in preparing data for analysis, assessing the challenges involved in sharing that data, as well as steps to minimize those challenges and other risks at different steps of the data value chain. Finally, data stewards should consider the ethical implications and be involved in establishing externally validated public impact measurements (both benefits and harms, if any) that result from data collaborative that leverage private data for the public good.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Dissemination and Communication of Findings:\u003C/strong> Data stewards often act as the public face of their company’s data projects, and they are responsible for raising awareness, disseminating findings and communicating shared outcomes from Data Collaboratives. Data stewards may also be responsible for overall communication with customers, users, partners, government and other stakeholders about regulatory compliance, contractual obligations and how data is being shared and used, and what public benefits -potential and realized — it has had.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Nurture Data Collaboratives to Sustainability:\u003C/strong> Many ambitious data collaborative projects collapse after initial pilots or experiments. Data collaboratives can play a valuable role (partly through their dissemination and communication functions) in nurturing and helping scale these projects until they are sustainable. While data stewards may not themselves have the requisite budget to ensure long-term sustainability themselves, they must work with a variety of stakeholders to gather the needed resources and support so as to ensure broad and long-term impact.\u003C/li> \u003C/ul> \u003Ch3 id=\"_the-data-stewards-network_\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem>The Data Stewards Network\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3> \u003Cp>As part of our ongoing research, and in an effort to flesh out and better understand the attributes outlined above, the GovLab has recently launched a \u003Cstrong>Data Stewards Network\u003C/strong> (\u003Ca href=\"http://datastewards.net\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">datastewards.net\u003C/a>). The primary goal of the network is to connect existing and aspiring corporate data stewards so as to jointly develop methodologies, tools, and frameworks that could help build more efficient, collaborative, impactful and safe data collaboratives. We are in effect building a directory of existing data stewards and database of best practices and case studies to advance the cause of data sharing and public-private partnerships.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>Whether you are a data steward yourself or just someone interested in the potential of data collaboratives, we invite you to visit the website and get in touch. Over the next few months, we will be launching a dedicated on-line platform to facilitate shared learning. We welcome your suggestions, thoughts, and ideas — on any of the issues raised by this post, or in data sharing more generally.\u003C/p> \u003Cp>\u003Cem>(Many thanks to Claudia Juech, William Hoffman, Andrew Young, Andrew Zahuranec, Andrew Puddephat and Charles Bradley for comments on earlier versions of this primer)\u003C/em>\u003C/p> \u003Cp>A version of the above also appeared in apolitical: \u003Ca href=\"https://apolitical.co/solution_article/meet-the-data-stewards/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Data sharing across sectors needs enablers — meet the data stewards\u003C/a>, October 9, 2018\u003C/p>",{},"/blogposts/the-three-goals-and-five-functions-of-data-stewards",{"title":2551,"description":2554},"the-three-goals-and-five-functions-of-data-stewards","blogposts/the-three-goals-and-five-functions-of-data-stewards","u9MTGjOvPqJf84wbBGDpJLTcrPj8Z9ujhCe_4k78JK4",{"id":2564,"title":2565,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2566,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2567,"description":2568,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2565,"image":2569,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2570,"meta":2571,"navigation":15,"path":2572,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2573,"slug":2574,"startTime":34,"stem":2575,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2576},"blogposts/blogposts/crowdlaw-communique-vol-3-fall-2018.json","CrowdLaw Communique Vol. 3 Fall 2018",[],"2018-09-18T02:00:28","Designed for interested public officials, technologists, politicians and researchers, the CrowdLaw Communiqué features curated news…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*dkH4F1PGRp0YRjCy.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"bc2c\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"ea88\" id=\"ea88\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">CrowdLaw Communiqué Vol. 3 Fall 2018\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"0929\" id=\"0929\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*dkH4F1PGRp0YRjCy.png\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"421\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*dkH4F1PGRp0YRjCy.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"7de1\" id=\"7de1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Designed for interested public officials, technologists, politicians and researchers, the CrowdLaw Communiqué features curated news, interviews, announcements, and recommended readings on the evolution of law and policymaking processes for the 21st century.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d6f4\" id=\"d6f4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">To share a story, please email us at crowdlaw@thegovlab.org\u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">IN THIS ISSUE\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bdf6\" id=\"bdf6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">1. Announcements\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"1a38\" id=\"1a38\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://manifesto.crowd.law/\" data-href=\"http://manifesto.crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NEW! CrowdLaw Manifesto Launches!\u003C/a>: Sign it now!\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"ef8f\" id=\"ef8f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">2. From the CrowdLaw Blog\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"e6dc\" id=\"e6dc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#BLOG\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#BLOG\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">A hundred places where governments are using tech to crowdsource policy\u003C/a> by Victòria Alsina Burgues, Senior Fellow, The GovLab.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"874f\" id=\"874f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#BLOG\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#BLOG\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Citizen participation in law-making and public policy\u003C/a> by Beth Simone Noveck, Director, The GovLab.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c48b\" id=\"c48b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#BLOG\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#BLOG\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw: Un vitamínico para la democracia\u003C/a> by by Victòria Alsina Burgues, Senior Fellow, The GovLab.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"665b\" id=\"665b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">3. Papers and Reports\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"d66e\" id=\"d66e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#papers\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#papers\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Curated Selected Readings\u003C/a> on CrowdLaw.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ba51\" id=\"ba51\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#papers\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#papers\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw Bibliography\u003C/a> on the Open Governance Research Exchange.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"66f6\" id=\"66f6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#papers\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#papers\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“Citizens’ Draft Bills for the Strengthening of Open Government Principles through the Collaborative Development of Laws\u003C/a>” by Marco Konopacki, Debora Albu, Fabro Steibel and Victor Vicente.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1f78\" id=\"1f78\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#papers\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#papers\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“Shaping Legislation Together: Human-centered approaches in the legislative context\u003C/a>”: An expert report by Caroline Paulick-Thiel for Unit 133 (Bureaucracy Reduction Office) in the German Federal Chancellery, Berlin.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7223\" id=\"7223\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#papers\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#papers\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“The simple but ingenious system Taiwan uses to crowdsource its law\u003C/a>”, by Chris Horton in the MIT Technology Review.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"0bc6\" id=\"0bc6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">4. Conferences and Events\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"51cc\" id=\"51cc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#conference\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#conference\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“The Future of Democracy\u003C/a>” lecture series hosted by New York University’s Institute for Public Knowledge and The GovLab.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"fc11\" id=\"fc11\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#conference\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#conference\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“Designing collective intelligence: Mobilising humans and machines to address social needs\u003C/a>”: A day of talks, workshops and discussions co-hosted by NESTA and SAGE publishing in London on September 17, 2018.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0f73\" id=\"0f73\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#conference\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#conference\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“Reworks Agora\u003C/a>”: A one-day, cross-thematic forum in Greece on September 16, 2018 that features keynote speakers, discussions, musical performances and screening by leading experts and pioneers in the creative economy, culture, technology and contemporary thinking. One of the three international launch locations of the CrowdLaw Manifesto!\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"86f1\" id=\"86f1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">5. Follow\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"29db\" id=\"29db\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#follow\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/the-govlab-crowdlaw-communiqu#follow\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The CrowdLaw Twitter list\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"d92b\" id=\"d92b\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">1. ANNOUNCEMENTS\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"aeb9\" id=\"aeb9\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*-MtAeauxeUrB2fuc.jpeg\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"450\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*-MtAeauxeUrB2fuc.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"3135\" id=\"3135\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">NEW! CrowdLaw Manifesto Launches\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>In the spirit of the International Day of Democracy, The GovLab is \u003Ca href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/news/international-day-democracy-international-leaders-call-more-open-public-institutions\" data-href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/news/international-day-democracy-international-leaders-call-more-open-public-institutions\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">launching\u003C/a> The \u003Ca href=\"http://manifesto.crowd.law/\" data-href=\"http://manifesto.crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw Manifesto\u003C/a> — a set of 12 principles to promote the use of CrowdLaw by local legislatures and national parliaments, calling for legislatures, technologists and the public to participate in creating more open and participatory lawmaking practices.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5237\" id=\"5237\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://manifesto.crowd.law/\" data-href=\"http://manifesto.crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" title=\"Click here to read and sign the manifesto\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Click here to read and sign the manifesto\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"0021\" id=\"0021\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*EyCgmTZpJyYrWC_Y.png\" data-width=\"48\" data-height=\"48\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*EyCgmTZpJyYrWC_Y.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"54aa\" id=\"54aa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"http://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=I%27ve%20signed%20the%20CrowdLaw%20Manifesto.%20Have%20you%3F%20%23DemocracyDay%20%23CrowdLaw%20%40thegovlab%20:%20http%3A%2F%2Fmanifesto.crowd.law\" data-href=\"http://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=I%27ve%20signed%20the%20CrowdLaw%20Manifesto.%20Have%20you%3F%20%23DemocracyDay%20%23CrowdLaw%20%40thegovlab%20:%20http%3A%2F%2Fmanifesto.crowd.law\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Share the manifesto!\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"785e\" id=\"785e\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*0wn3mAHQfCSP6tbS.png\" data-width=\"48\" data-height=\"48\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*0wn3mAHQfCSP6tbS.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"87ac\" id=\"87ac\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?url=http%3A%2F%2Fmanifesto.crowd.law&mini=true&title=I%27ve%20signed%20the%20CrowdLaw%20Manifesto.%20Have%20you%3F%20%23DemocracyDay%20%23CrowdLaw%20%40thegovlab%20\" data-href=\"http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?url=http%3A%2F%2Fmanifesto.crowd.law&mini=true&title=I%27ve%20signed%20the%20CrowdLaw%20Manifesto.%20Have%20you%3F%20%23DemocracyDay%20%23CrowdLaw%20%40thegovlab%20\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Share the manifesto!\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"c7cb\" id=\"c7cb\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*3KFZvP4FEVJApke5.png\" data-width=\"48\" data-height=\"48\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*3KFZvP4FEVJApke5.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"bfd2\" id=\"bfd2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fmanifesto.crowd.law\" data-href=\"http://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fmanifesto.crowd.law\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Share the manifesto!\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"edff\" id=\"edff\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">2. CROWDLAW BLOG\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"bf60\" id=\"bf60\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*lI-m9L8D6-yOAqSE.png\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"433\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*lI-m9L8D6-yOAqSE.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"78de\" id=\"78de\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">A Hundred Places Where Governments Are Using Tech To Crowdsource Policy\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>By Victòria Alsina Burgués\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Senior Fellow, The GovLab\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"df98\" id=\"df98\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://apolitical.co/solution_article/a-hundred-places-where-governments-are-using-tech-to-crowdsource-policy/\" data-href=\"https://apolitical.co/solution_article/a-hundred-places-where-governments-are-using-tech-to-crowdsource-policy/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" title=\"Read More\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Read More\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"8a57\" id=\"8a57\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*1i2b7dER5ZYHYHbW.jpg\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"431\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*1i2b7dER5ZYHYHbW.jpg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"cb71\" id=\"cb71\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Citizen Participation in Law-making and Public Policy\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>By Beth Simone Noveck\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Director, The Governance Lab\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"adb2\" id=\"adb2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/bigideas/citizen-participation-in-law-making-and-public-policy/10161916\" data-href=\"http://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/bigideas/citizen-participation-in-law-making-and-public-policy/10161916\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" title=\"Read More\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Read More\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"31df\" id=\"31df\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*4HN_nFVDhYdLFjyK.png\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"503\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*4HN_nFVDhYdLFjyK.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"ff18\" id=\"ff18\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">CrowdLaw: Un Vitmínico para la democracia\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>Published in El Pais\u003Cbr>By Victòria Alsina Burgués\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Senior Fellow, The GovLab\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7232\" id=\"7232\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://elpais.com/elpais/2018/09/13/seres_urbanos/1536837532_814379.html\" data-href=\"https://elpais.com/elpais/2018/09/13/seres_urbanos/1536837532_814379.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" title=\"Read More\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Read More\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"7f82\" id=\"7f82\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">3. PAPERS AND REPORTS\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"0577\" id=\"0577\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--h4\">A curated list of \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-crowdlaw/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-crowdlaw/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">ten recommended academic articles\u003C/a> on CrowdLaw compiled by the GovLab.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1651\" id=\"1651\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">For \u003Ca href=\"http://ogrx.org/categories/crowdlaw.html\" data-href=\"http://ogrx.org/categories/crowdlaw.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">more readings\u003C/a> on CrowdLaw, visit the \u003Ca href=\"http://ogrx.org/\" data-href=\"http://ogrx.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Governance Research Exchange\u003C/a> — A repository of selected publications on Open Governance, Open Data, Citizen Engagement and much more.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8723\" id=\"8723\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.opengovpartnership.org/resources/citizens-draft-bills-strengthening-of-open-government-principles-through-collaborative\" data-href=\"https://www.opengovpartnership.org/resources/citizens-draft-bills-strengthening-of-open-government-principles-through-collaborative\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“Citizens’ Draft Bills for the Strengthening of Open Government Principles through the Collaborative Development of Laws\u003C/a>” by Marco Konopacki, Debora Albu, Fabro Steibel and Victor Vicente.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"61f6\" id=\"61f6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/shaping-legislation-together-human-centered-approaches-in-the-legislative-context-91d042b36a8b\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/shaping-legislation-together-human-centered-approaches-in-the-legislative-context-91d042b36a8b\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“Shaping Legislation Together: Human-centered approaches in the legislative context\u003C/a>”: An expert report by Caroline Paulick-Thiel for Unit 133 (Bureaucracy Reduction Office) in the German Federal Chancellery, Berlin.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0415\" id=\"0415\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.technologyreview.com/s/611816/the-simple-but-ingenious-system-taiwan-uses-to-crowdsource-its-laws/\" data-href=\"https://www.technologyreview.com/s/611816/the-simple-but-ingenious-system-taiwan-uses-to-crowdsource-its-laws/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“The simple but ingenious system Taiwan uses to crowdsource its law\u003C/a>”, by Chris Horton in the MIT Technology Review.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"0947\" id=\"0947\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">4. CONFERENCES AND EVENTS\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"ccab\" id=\"ccab\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--h4\">\u003Ca href=\"https://ipk.nyu.edu/working-groups/the-future-of-democracy/\" data-href=\"https://ipk.nyu.edu/working-groups/the-future-of-democracy/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“The Future of Democracy\u003C/a>”: A lecture series brought to you by the GovLab and the Institute for Public Knowledge at New York University launches next week and will feature the likes of Audrey Tang (Digital Minister, Taiwan), Geoff Mulgan (CEO, NESTA) and a conversation between Josep Luis Marti (Pompeu Fabra University) and Cesar Hidalgo (MIT Media Lab).\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8b91\" id=\"8b91\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.nesta.org.uk/event/designing-collective-intelligence-how-better-mobilise-human-and-machine-intelligence-scale-address-social-needs/\" data-href=\"https://www.nesta.org.uk/event/designing-collective-intelligence-how-better-mobilise-human-and-machine-intelligence-scale-address-social-needs/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“Designing collective intelligence: Mobilising humans and machines to address social needs\u003C/a>”: A day of talks, workshops and discussions co-hosted by NESTA and SAGE publishing in London on September 17, 2018.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0c42\" id=\"0c42\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://reworks.gr/en/agora/\" data-href=\"https://reworks.gr/en/agora/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“Reworks Agora\u003C/a>”: A one-day, cross-thematic forum in Greece on September 16, 2018 that features keynote speakers, discussions, musical performances and screening by leading experts and pioneers in the creative economy, culture, technology and contemporary thinking. One of the three international launch locations of the CrowdLaw Manifesto!\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"9c33\" id=\"9c33\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">5. FOLLOW\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"c576\" id=\"c576\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--h4\">The GovLab created a Twitter list of the who’s who in the field of participatory lawmaking from around the world. Check out the list \u003Ca href=\"http://FOLLOW!%20We%20created%20a%20twitter%20list%20of%20the%20who%27s%20who%20in%20the%20field%20of%20participatory%20lawmaking%20from%20around%20the%20world.%20Check%20out%20the%20list%20here!%20For%20more%20information%20about%20CrowdLaw,%20visit%20crowd.law\" data-href=\"http://FOLLOW! We created a twitter list of the who's who in the field of participatory lawmaking from around the world. Check out the list here! For more information about CrowdLaw, visit crowd.law\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>!\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1398\" id=\"1398\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">For more information about CrowdLaw,\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\"> visit \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://crowd.law/\" data-href=\"http://crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">crowd.law\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\"> and \u003C/em>follow us on Twitter \u003Ca href=\"https://twitter.com/TheGovLab\" data-href=\"https://twitter.com/TheGovLab\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">@thegovlab\u003C/em>\u003C/a> and on Facebook at \u003Ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/thegovlab\" data-href=\"https://www.facebook.com/thegovlab\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">fb.com/thegovlab\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"875e\" id=\"875e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li graf--trailing\">To share a story, please email us at crowdlaw@thegovlab.org\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/crowdlaw-communique-vol-3-fall-2018",{"title":2565,"description":2568},"crowdlaw-communique-vol-3-fall-2018","blogposts/crowdlaw-communique-vol-3-fall-2018","7SWvS_AjoCSocGwJCIzW-MCcWUE44y68oumW2Jj3rfI",{"id":2578,"title":2579,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2580,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2581,"description":2582,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2579,"image":2583,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2584,"meta":2585,"navigation":15,"path":2586,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2587,"slug":2588,"startTime":34,"stem":2589,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2590},"blogposts/blogposts/on-international-day-of-democracy-international-leaders-call-for-more-open-public-institutions.json","On International Day of Democracy, International Leaders Call for More Open Public Institutions",[],"2018-09-14T19:57:45","The GovLab at the NYU Tandon School of Engineering Publishes the CrowdLaw Manifesto, Collects Signatures in Support of Principles to Spread…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*2uLMb5rfS2-sn8qvzg0GpQ.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"be09\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"aa57\" id=\"aa57\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">On International Day of Democracy, International Leaders Call for More Open Public Institutions\u003C/h3>\u003Ch3 name=\"41c0\" id=\"41c0\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--h3\">The GovLab at the NYU Tandon School of Engineering Publishes the CrowdLaw Manifesto, Collects Signatures in Support of Principles to Spread Democracy through Digital Collaboration\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"8e94\" id=\"8e94\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This press release was originally posted by the NYU Tandon School of Engineering on September 13, 2018\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"badf\" id=\"badf\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*2uLMb5rfS2-sn8qvzg0GpQ.jpeg\" data-width=\"1500\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*2uLMb5rfS2-sn8qvzg0GpQ.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">More than 30 organizations and 80 individuals working on citizen engagement and democracy worldwide have already signed the Manifesto.\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"bd91\" id=\"bd91\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">BROOKLYN, New York, Thursday, September 13, 2018 — As the United Nations celebrates the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.un.org/en/events/democracyday/\" data-href=\"http://www.un.org/en/events/democracyday/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">International Day of Democracy\u003C/a> on September 15 with its theme of “Democracy Under Strain,” \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Governance Lab\u003C/a> (The GovLab) at the NYU Tandon School of Engineering will unveil its \u003Ca href=\"http://manifesto.crowd.law/\" data-href=\"http://manifesto.crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw Manifesto\u003C/a> to strengthen public participation in lawmaking by encouraging citizens to help build, shape, and influence the laws and policies that affect their daily lives.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cf06\" id=\"cf06\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Among its 12 calls to action to individuals, legislatures, researchers and technology designers, the manifesto encourages the public to demand and institutions to create new mechanisms to harness collective intelligence to improve the quality of lawmaking as well as more research on what works to build a global movement for participatory democracy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"59af\" id=\"59af\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The CrowdLaw Manifesto emerged from a collaborative effort of \u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kvtw8KyBpu4&feature=youtu.be&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kvtw8KyBpu4&feature=youtu.be&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">20 international experts\u003C/a> and CrowdLaw community members. At a \u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-people-led-innovation-in-urban-lawmaking-868dd31d32a2\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-people-led-innovation-in-urban-lawmaking-868dd31d32a2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">convening held earlier this year by The GovLab\u003C/a> at The Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center in Italy, government leaders, academics, NGOs, and technologists formulated the CrowdLaw Manifesto to detail the initiative’s foundational principles and to encourage greater implementation of CrowdLaw practices to improve governance through 21st century technology and tools.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3690\" id=\"3690\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/faculty/beth-simone-noveck\" data-href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/faculty/beth-simone-noveck\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Beth Simone Noveck\u003C/a>, professor in the Department of Technology, Culture and Society at NYU Tandon and director of The GovLab, explained the timely significance of the CrowdLaw Manifesto as governments around the globe face greater public distrust and threats to democracy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ee64\" id=\"ee64\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“This manifesto shares what we see as the future of governing, which moves beyond viewing public opinion and petitions as the main form of civic engagement,” Noveck said. “Technology enables us to collectively ask and answer how we should redesign our governing practices to solve the complex policy challenges of the 21st century at local, national, and global levels. We ask citizens throughout the world to join us as signatories to this manifesto and thereby encourage democracy to put down strong roots in communities everywhere.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"668f\" id=\"668f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The global embrace of CrowdLaw principles is demonstrated by international launches planned for the Crowd Law Manifesto: at \u003Ca href=\"https://reworks.gr/en/agora/\" data-href=\"https://reworks.gr/en/agora/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Reworks Agora\u003C/a> in Agora, Greece — the birthplace of democracy — on September 16, and at Nesta’s \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nesta.org.uk/event/designing-collective-intelligence-how-better-mobilise-human-and-machine-intelligence-scale-address-social-needs/\" data-href=\"https://www.nesta.org.uk/event/designing-collective-intelligence-how-better-mobilise-human-and-machine-intelligence-scale-address-social-needs/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Designing Collective Intelligence event\u003C/a> in London on September 17.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0650\" id=\"0650\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">More than 30 organizations and 80 individuals working on citizen engagement and democracy worldwide have already signed the manifesto. Signatories include\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"1dd9\" id=\"1dd9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Madrid City Council\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9438\" id=\"9438\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Sabine Romon, chief smart city officer, General Secretariat, Paris City Council\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a37a\" id=\"a37a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Ben Kallos, New York City Council member, District 5 (Upper East Side, Roosevelt Island, East Midtown, East Harlem), New York City Council\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"087b\" id=\"087b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Audrey Tang, digital minister of Taiwan\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"88f5\" id=\"88f5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Raffaele Lillo, chief data officer, Digital Transformation Team, Government of Italy\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"cf60\" id=\"cf60\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Mukelani Dimba, civil society co-chair, Open Government Partnership\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"0392\" id=\"0392\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--li\">“The successes of the CrowdLaw concept — and its remarkably rapid adoption across the world by citizens seeking to affect change — exemplify the powerful force that academia can exert when working in concert with government and citizens,” said NYU Tandon Dean Jelena Kovačević. “On behalf of the NYU Tandon School of Engineering, I proudly sign the CrowdLaw Manfesto and congratulate The GovLab and its collaborators for creating these digital tools and momentum for good government.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a504\" id=\"a504\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“One of the most urgent debates of our time is about the exact role that these new technologies can and should play in our societies and particularly in our public decision-making processes,” said Victoria Alsina, research professor in the Department of Technology, Culture and Society at NYU Tandon and coordinator of the CrowdLaw Initiative at The GovLab. “By exploiting technology to engage a broader and more diverse constituency in the lawmaking process, CrowdLaw has the potential to enhance the quality of lawmaking practices and to transform fundamentally the source of authority undergirding the legislative process.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f661\" id=\"f661\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In July 2018, the GovLab \u003Ca href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/news/publication-showcases-global-practices-engaging-public-making-laws-and-policies\" data-href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/news/publication-showcases-global-practices-engaging-public-making-laws-and-policies\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">debuted\u003C/a> the \u003Ca href=\"https://catalog.crowd.law/\" data-href=\"https://catalog.crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw Catalog\u003C/a> as an online platform to bring together real-world examples of CrowdLaw projects from 39 countries. With over 100 cases of public participatory lawmaking listed, the online portal aims to help civic leaders create new projects or bolster existing ones, and encourages users to continue adding more CrowdLaw cases to increase research and evaluation of these practices.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d9ce\" id=\"d9ce\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To complement its work on CrowdLaw, The GovLab at NYU Tandon together with NYU’s Institute for Public Knowledge is launching a \u003Ca href=\"https://ipk.nyu.edu/working-groups/the-future-of-democracy/\" data-href=\"https://ipk.nyu.edu/working-groups/the-future-of-democracy/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">lecture series\u003C/a>, “The Future of Democracy.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c4a0\" id=\"c4a0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Drafters and signatories of the CrowdLaw Manifesto explained its importance in spreading democracy:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5e29\" id=\"5e29\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“CrowdLaw is an exciting new concept that seeks to encourage deep citizen engagement throughout each phase of law and policy-making processes. Instead of passive participation in public governance through democratic rituals such as voting every four or five years. CrowdLaw innovations enable active citizenship continuously. I believe this can be an essential part of the arsenal for pushing back against the retreat of democracy that seems to have become a defining feature of politics globally.” — \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Mukelani Dimba, co-chair, \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.opengovpartnership.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.opengovpartnership.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Open Government Partnership\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d95f\" id=\"d95f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Democratic governance institutions need to experiment and adapt if they are to harness rapid technological change rather than be overwhelmed by it. CrowdLaw provides just that sort of innovation by delivering with a wide range of tools that elected officials can use to engage citizens in policy-making processes. The Design4Democracy.org coalition — a growing group of democracy and human rights organizations, which NDI supports — is committed to ensuring the technology industry embraces democracy as a core design principle. CrowdLaw is a shining example, the embodiment of this philosophy.” — \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Scott Hubli, director of governance programs, \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.ndi.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.ndi.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">NDI\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6aa8\" id=\"6aa8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“In a time of major threats to democracy, such as populism, technological manipulation, and greater complexity, CrowdLaw is the most interesting and inspiring idea I’ve ever heard on how we can improve the quality of our laws and public decisions, and save democracy.” — \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Josep Lluis Marti, vice-rector and associate professor, \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.upf.edu/en/home\" data-href=\"https://www.upf.edu/en/home\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Pompeu Fabra University\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1ca3\" id=\"1ca3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“I have signed it. You have all my good wishes and support. I think this is a good idea and needs to be expanded.” — \u003Ca href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/news/blank\" data-href=\"https://engineering.nyu.edu/news/blank\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sam Pitroda\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">, chairman, Pitroda Group, and former advisor to the prime minister of India on public information, infrastructure and innovation\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"edb6\" id=\"edb6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">To learn more about CrowdLaw, visit \u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">crowd.law\u003C/a> or contact \u003Ca href=\"mailto:crowdlaw@thegovlab.org\" data-href=\"mailto:crowdlaw@thegovlab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">crowdlaw@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3e45\" id=\"3e45\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">To sign the CrowdLaw Manifesto, visit \u003Ca href=\"http://manifesto.crowd.law/\" data-href=\"http://manifesto.crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://manifesto.crowd.law\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"4350\" id=\"4350\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">To download map, visit \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://dam.engineering.nyu.edu/?c=2116&k=b0aa11f384\" data-href=\"http://dam.engineering.nyu.edu/?c=2116&k=b0aa11f384\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">http://dam.engineering.nyu.edu/?c=2116&k=b0aa11f384\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"eb19\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"5d48\" id=\"5d48\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">About The Governance Lab\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4694\" id=\"4694\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Governance Lab’s mission is to improve people’s lives by changing the way we govern. Our goal at The GovLab is to strengthen the ability of institutions — including but not limited to governments — and people to work more openly, collaboratively, effectively, and legitimately to make better decisions and solve public problems. We believe that increased availability and use of data, new ways to leverage the capacity, intelligence, and expertise of people in the problem-solving process, combined with new advances in technology and science, can transform governance. We approach each challenge and opportunity in an interdisciplinary, collaborative way, irrespective of the problem, sector, geography, and level of government. For more information, visit \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">thegovlab.org\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e634\" id=\"e634\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">About the New York University Tandon School of Engineering\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"09dd\" id=\"09dd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The NYU Tandon School of Engineering dates to 1854, the founding date for both the New York University School of Civil Engineering and Architecture and the Brooklyn Collegiate and Polytechnic Institute (widely known as Brooklyn Poly). A January 2014 merger created a comprehensive school of education and research in engineering and applied sciences, rooted in a tradition of invention and entrepreneurship and dedicated to furthering technology in service to society. In addition to its main location in Brooklyn, NYU Tandon collaborates with other schools within NYU, one of the country’s foremost private research universities, and is closely connected to engineering programs at NYU Abu Dhabi and NYU Shanghai. It operates Future Labs focused on start-up businesses in downtown Manhattan and Brooklyn and an award-winning online graduate program. For more information, visit \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://engineering.nyu.edu/\" data-href=\"http://engineering.nyu.edu/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">engineering.nyu.edu\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/on-international-day-of-democracy-international-leaders-call-for-more-open-public-institutions",{"title":2579,"description":2582},"on-international-day-of-democracy-international-leaders-call-for-more-open-public-institutions","blogposts/on-international-day-of-democracy-international-leaders-call-for-more-open-public-institutions","svtYuD3J9Qg8QOzxBTNB3xyOVABQQ7S7aiEQS0HrEv0",{"id":2592,"title":2593,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2594,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2595,"description":2596,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2593,"image":2597,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2598,"meta":2599,"navigation":15,"path":2600,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2601,"slug":2602,"startTime":34,"stem":2603,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2604},"blogposts/blogposts/crowdlaw-and-open-justice-how-public-participation-and-technology-are-transforming-lawmaking.json","CrowdLaw and Open Justice: How public participation and technology are transforming lawmaking",[],"2018-09-04T13:01:02","As CrowdLaw — the use of participatory technology to engage the public in law and policy making processes — gains traction, so too does the…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*BuQkZbscEY-kr_JD.jpg","\n\u003Csection name=\"af28\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"a948\" id=\"a948\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">CrowdLaw and Open Justice: How public participation and technology are transforming lawmaking, government, and the courts\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"3d0a\" id=\"3d0a\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*BuQkZbscEY-kr_JD.jpg\" data-width=\"1200\" data-height=\"647\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*BuQkZbscEY-kr_JD.jpg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">(Image: Fiona M. McLeod via \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://twitter.com/FiMcLeodSC/status/1026739915755642881\" data-href=\"https://twitter.com/FiMcLeodSC/status/1026739915755642881\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">https://twitter.com/FiMcLeodSC/status/1026739915755642881\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">)\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"0b9a\" id=\"0b9a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">As CrowdLaw — the use of participatory technology to engage the public in law and policy making processes — gains traction, so too does the complementary concept of Open Justice, namely, emerging innovations in courts to open up and inform how they work. On August 7, 2018, at Victoria University’s Sir Zelman Cowen Centre in Melbourne, Australia, Beth Noveck provided an oration that explored how these two emerging movements are working in tandem to transform traditional institutions.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c120\" id=\"c120\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">You can find the full recording provided by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation \u003Ca href=\"http://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/bigideas/citizen-participation-in-law-making-and-public-policy/10161916\" data-href=\"http://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/bigideas/citizen-participation-in-law-making-and-public-policy/10161916\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/crowdlaw-and-open-justice-how-public-participation-and-technology-are-transforming-lawmaking",{"title":2593,"description":2596},"crowdlaw-and-open-justice-how-public-participation-and-technology-are-transforming-lawmaking","blogposts/crowdlaw-and-open-justice-how-public-participation-and-technology-are-transforming-lawmaking","ttgScbq2mKdMZWCw6OzE_5_nsTFw_zfHOhL9TyPRUUE",{"id":2606,"title":2607,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2608,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2609,"description":2610,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2607,"image":2611,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2612,"meta":2613,"navigation":15,"path":2614,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2615,"slug":2616,"startTime":34,"stem":2617,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2618},"blogposts/blogposts/a-tech-fueled-approach-to-collective-problem-solving.json","A Tech-Fueled Approach to Collective Problem-Solving",[],"2018-08-22T09:35:10","By Beth Simone Noveck","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*RbXyIJmmJjqsx5iOY92mUA.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"dc94\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"1670\" id=\"1670\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">A Tech-Fueled Approach to Collective Problem-Solving\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"2ab1\" id=\"2ab1\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">By Beth Simone Noveck\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"4e28\" id=\"4e28\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Cross-posted from Brink News on July 16, 2018. Read the original article on BRINK \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://www.brinknews.com/a-tech-fueled-approach-to-collective-problem-solving/\" data-href=\"http://www.brinknews.com/a-tech-fueled-approach-to-collective-problem-solving/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"6b61\" id=\"6b61\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*RbXyIJmmJjqsx5iOY92mUA.jpeg\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"1220\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*RbXyIJmmJjqsx5iOY92mUA.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Pedestrians cross the street in downtown Washington, DC. The technologies of collective intelligence could enable more individuals to inform legislative and policymaking processes. Photo: Paul J. Richards/AFP/Getty Images\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"2007\" id=\"2007\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">There are more people learning foreign languages on the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.duolingo.com/info\" data-href=\"https://www.duolingo.com/info\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Duolingo platform\u003C/a> than there are people learning foreign languages in the whole U.S. public school system. Designed by Carnegie Mellon professor Luis von Ahn, DuoLingo has reduced the time it takes to achieve basic mastery of a foreign language to 34 hours, earning it 200 million active users learning 19 languages. Why is it so successful?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"256b\" id=\"256b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Duolingo combines human and machine intelligence with powerful results. As Mr. Von Ahn explained in \u003Ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/education/2014/aug/27/luis-von-ahn-ceo-duolingo-interview\" data-href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/education/2014/aug/27/luis-von-ahn-ceo-duolingo-interview\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">an interview\u003C/a>, “if we want to know whether we should teach plurals before adjectives, for the next 50,000 users, we’ll teach half of them plurals before adjectives, half the other way around and then we measure which of these groups learns better. We figure out in a couple of days which is more effective and then switch everyone to that.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3bb2\" id=\"3bb2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">With learners undertaking 6 billion exercises every month, Duolingo connects people and computing power into a system that works better than either machines or humans working alone. It is a paradigmatic example of what is called \u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collective_intelligence\" data-href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collective_intelligence\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">collective intelligence\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"1954\" id=\"1954\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Collective Intelligence\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"2bff\" id=\"2bff\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">While classically, collective intelligence is how people think and act in groups, today collective intelligence includes how new technologies, especially the Internet, can help us become smarter together than we are alone and mobilize human intelligence at scale.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"188c\" id=\"188c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Whereas once the best examples of collective intelligence involved collections of people coming together in physical space, today the Internet makes it possible to combine humans and machines, organizations and networks, across a distance.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d081\" id=\"d081\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The classic example is Wikipedia, a collective intelligence platform to organize human knowledge. There is also \u003Ca href=\"https://www.wikihow.com/Main-Page\" data-href=\"https://www.wikihow.com/Main-Page\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">WikiHow\u003C/a>, which organizes hundreds of thousands of how-to videos created by volunteers in 17 languages. YouTube benefits from 300 hours of user-generated video \u003Ca href=\"https://merchdope.com/youtube-statistics/\" data-href=\"https://merchdope.com/youtube-statistics/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">uploaded\u003C/a> every minute. Mechanical Turk is Amazon’s platform for \u003Ca href=\"http://www.pewinternet.org/2016/07/11/the-size-of-the-mechanical-turk-marketplace/\" data-href=\"http://www.pewinternet.org/2016/07/11/the-size-of-the-mechanical-turk-marketplace/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">organizing the labor of 500,000 people\u003C/a>, undertaking and getting paid for small tasks posted by hundreds of requesting employers each day, making Amazon’s Mechanical Turk one of the largest outsourcing platforms in the United States.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9458\" id=\"9458\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The value of the Internet for connecting people to aggregate large quantities of distributed information is obvious. But many examples of collective intelligence are less intentionally collaborative. Collective intelligence also includes networking large numbers of people to aggregate their individual experience, expertise or actions without their intending to collaborate.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"fb6b\" id=\"fb6b\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Making Sense of Dispersed Knowledge\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"3481\" id=\"3481\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Google Maps and its companion traffic app Waze depend on information gathered anonymously and passively from cell phone users. Prediction markets, such as \u003Ca href=\"https://iemweb.biz.uiowa.edu/\" data-href=\"https://iemweb.biz.uiowa.edu/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Iowa Electronic Markets\u003C/a>, aggregate the judgments of their distributed participants without the need for the individuals to work together. The platform efficiency makes sense of their dispersed knowledge, usually resulting in guesses about stock prices, election results, outcomes of world events or size of box office draws of new movies more accurately than the predictions of either pundits or opinion polls.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f541\" id=\"f541\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As \u003Ca href=\"https://press.princeton.edu/titles/11098.html\" data-href=\"https://press.princeton.edu/titles/11098.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Geoff Mulgan writes in \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Big Mind\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, his excellent 2017 book on collective intelligence, it is an anachronism to assume that “intelligence resides primarily in the space inside the human skull.”\u003C/p>\u003Cblockquote name=\"ca1c\" id=\"ca1c\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--p\">Despite the promise of collective intelligence, the reality is that most companies and governments still make decisions top-down and behind closed doors.\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cp name=\"366b\" id=\"366b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--blockquote\">For this reason, companies and governments alike are using the practices of crowdsourcing to try to structure collective intelligence to their benefit, especially as \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21437749\" data-href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21437749\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">research shows\u003C/a> that when average participants are asked to perform tasks with specific instructions, their performance is equal to or better than the performance of experts.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0738\" id=\"0738\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Although the website \u003Ca href=\"https://www.patientslikeme.com/\" data-href=\"https://www.patientslikeme.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Patients Like Me\u003C/a> aggregates the experiences of those diagnosed with a disease for mutual benefit and the Internet Movie Database collects film information from millions of movie buffs, not every use of the crowd makes us smarter or better off.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"80e7\" id=\"80e7\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Top-Down Is Hard To Shake\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"45ad\" id=\"45ad\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Despite the promise of collective intelligence, the reality is that most companies and governments still make decisions top-down and behind closed doors, relying on politicians and bureaucrats to tackle our most pressing problems.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8bf1\" id=\"8bf1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Public officials are often ill-equipped to know how to regulate the complex issues of our time, especially those involving scientific advances, such as climate change or autonomous vehicles, which raise myriad ethical, moral, political, legal, regulatory and social questions.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"e0df\" id=\"e0df\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">From Crowdsourcing to CrowdLaw\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"4074\" id=\"4074\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">But what if the technologies of collective intelligence could enable more individuals — not only interest groups — to inform legislative and policymaking processes? What if we knew how to mobilize the crowd to make law and policy? What if we could use the “\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">crowdlaw\u003C/a>“ collective intelligence efforts to make our smart cities even smarter and give each of us the ability to participate in governing?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6658\" id=\"6658\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">There are some exciting examples of crowdlaw on the horizon of public institutions turning to collective intelligence to govern differently. In the Republic of China, the \u003Ca href=\"https://info.vtaiwan.tw/\" data-href=\"https://info.vtaiwan.tw/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">vTaiwan\u003C/a> experimental e-consultation platform enables the broader public to participate in an ongoing process of problem identification. So far, 26 national issues, including the regulation of telemedicine, online education, telework, company law and Uber have been discussed with over 200,000 people participating — a small but auspicious start.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2ad4\" id=\"2ad4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In Iceland, \u003Ca href=\"https://reykjavik.is/en/better-reykjavik-0\" data-href=\"https://reykjavik.is/en/better-reykjavik-0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Better Reykjavik\u003C/a> is a crowdlaw web platform for “idea generation” and “policy crowdsourcing” for citizens to present and discuss ideas related to the services and operations of the city of Reykjavik. The website has been used by 20 percent of Iceland’s population, and over half of those registered on the site use it regularly.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"0e0a\" id=\"0e0a\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Crowdsourcing Accountability\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"836a\" id=\"836a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">The Internet also offers a way to engage the public in evaluating what’s working. In 2016, Brazil’s comptroller launched an experimental project called the Projeto Controladoria na Escola to engage students in 10 public schools in Brasilia in the process of auditing school infrastructure, mapping commonly raised issues and fostering civic education in schools. In one school alone, the students identified 115 issues, and within just three months, 45 percent of the issues were fixed either by the department of education or by the students and school management themselves.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"d7af\" id=\"d7af\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">A Better Way To Run an Organization — and a Country?\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"825c\" id=\"825c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3 graf--trailing\">Over the next fifty years, we will face challenges greater than our predecessors, and we will need to run our institutions — be they corporations or governments — differently if we are to be able to respond. People have the passion and the know-how to participate. The platforms make it possible. Now all we need are the institutions that know how and want to make use of our collective intelligence for problem-solving.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/a-tech-fueled-approach-to-collective-problem-solving",{"title":2607,"description":2610},"a-tech-fueled-approach-to-collective-problem-solving","blogposts/a-tech-fueled-approach-to-collective-problem-solving","ZV1UQiGGlC0CL7AXB_YMss7jb9IA8vVJni-djLgtahs",{"id":2620,"title":2621,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2622,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2623,"description":2624,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2621,"image":2625,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2626,"meta":2627,"navigation":15,"path":2628,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2629,"slug":2630,"startTime":34,"stem":2631,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2632},"blogposts/blogposts/a-hundred-places-where-governments-are-using-tech-to-crowdsource-policy.json","A hundred places where governments are using tech to crowdsource policy",[],"2018-08-03T13:01:01","Opinion: From Paris to Malaysia, ordinary people are increasingly shaping their own laws","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*Ao12nTW6VKj0HQBnauXVVw.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"1fa4\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"8b41\" id=\"8b41\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">A hundred places where governments are using tech to crowdsource policy\u003C/h3>\u003Ch3 name=\"7b84\" id=\"7b84\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--h3\">Opinion: From Paris to Malaysia, ordinary people are increasingly shaping their own laws\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"644e\" id=\"644e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">By Victoria Alsina. Originally published in Apolitical on July 27, 2018. Available online \u003Ca href=\"https://apolitical.co/solution_article/a-hundred-places-where-governments-are-using-tech-to-crowdsource-policy/\" data-href=\"https://apolitical.co/solution_article/a-hundred-places-where-governments-are-using-tech-to-crowdsource-policy/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"5e1a\" id=\"5e1a\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*Ao12nTW6VKj0HQBnauXVVw.png\" data-width=\"440\" data-height=\"248\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*Ao12nTW6VKj0HQBnauXVVw.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Source: \u003Ca href=\"https://catalog.crowd.law/\" data-href=\"https://catalog.crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://catalog.crowd.law/\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"8cb6\" id=\"8cb6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">While many pay lip service to the aspiration of government of, for and with the people, few understand how participation can produce more than criticism and complaint. We live in a world beset with ever more complex urban and global challenges, where public expectations of what government should deliver have risen — from climate change, to ageing populations, to forced migration. Paradoxically, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.edelman.com/trust-barometer\" data-href=\"https://www.edelman.com/trust-barometer\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">citizens’ trust\u003C/a> in public institutions tasked with addressing these challenges is at an all-time low.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9bd9\" id=\"9bd9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Redesigning our governing practices to solve the complex policy challenges of the 21st century and to repair the social contract urgently demands creating a two-way conversation between government and the governed. This will inject a greater diversity of information, innovative ideas and creative thinking into the law and policymaking process.\u003C/p>\u003Cblockquote name=\"8c65\" id=\"8c65\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--blockquote-strong\">“New technology offers the opportunity for public institutions to learn from our collective wisdom”\u003C/strong>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cp name=\"eb9a\" id=\"eb9a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--blockquote\">At the same time, new approaches — the result of innovations in science and technology — offer the potential for improving the effectiveness and legitimacy of our institutions of governance. Governments at every level, for example, are using big data to pinpoint or predict anything from health issues to crime rates to mobility needs. New technology also offers the opportunity for public institutions to learn from our collective and distributed wisdom and experience and facilitate more informed but also more legitimate problem-solving. But we need more.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d612\" id=\"d612\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Enter \u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw\u003C/a>, the simple but powerful idea that public institutions work better when they encourage citizen engagement by leveraging new technologies. Tapping into diverse sources of opinions and expertise at each stage of the law and policymaking cycle can improve the quality and effectiveness of the resulting laws and policies.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6a3a\" id=\"6a3a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Around the world, there are already many examples of local legislatures and national parliaments turning to the internet to involve the public in legislative drafting and decision-making.\u003C/p>\u003Cblockquote name=\"3167\" id=\"3167\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--blockquote-strong\">“Public institutions work better when they encourage citizen engagement”\u003C/strong>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cp name=\"d2b9\" id=\"d2b9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--blockquote\">In Taiwan, the \u003Ca href=\"https://vtaiwan.tw/\" data-href=\"https://vtaiwan.tw/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">vTaiwan\u003C/a> experimental e-consultation platform enables the broader public to participate in an ongoing process of problem identification. So far, 26 national issues, including the regulation of telemedicine, online education, telework, company law and Uber, have been discussed with over 200,000 people participating, a small but auspicious start.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cb98\" id=\"cb98\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In France, \u003Ca href=\"https://parlement-et-citoyens.fr/\" data-href=\"https://parlement-et-citoyens.fr/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Parlement & Citoyens\u003C/a> is an online platform that brings together representatives and citizens to discuss policy issues and collaboratively draft legislation. At the end of the process, a conclusory report explains if, when and how citizen input was incorporated into the resulting draft law. In the same country, Madame Mayor, I Have an Idea, is a participatory budget program through which Parisians can submit budget proposals online.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"aa4d\" id=\"aa4d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In Malaysia, \u003Ca href=\"https://penangforum.net/penang-hills-watch/\" data-href=\"https://penangforum.net/penang-hills-watch/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Penang Hills Watch\u003C/a> involves the public in recording cases of illegal hill clearing by developers. It enhances public awareness, and it fosters cooperation between civil society and the government in evaluating and improving current policy and enforcement. Observers take a photo of the activity and send it via WhatsApp or Facebook with a GPS location.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3e52\" id=\"3e52\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">These technologies, especially big data and collective intelligence, have the potential to change how institutions learn, enabling cities in particular to govern with a much more granular and real-time understanding of on-the-ground conditions, in collaboration with the “bottom-up” intelligence of their residents.\u003C/p>\u003Cblockquote name=\"e534\" id=\"e534\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--blockquote-strong\">“How can incentives be created for people to participate well, especially in a hyper-partisan climate?”\u003C/strong>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cp name=\"2cfc\" id=\"2cfc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--blockquote\">Yet, the value of citizen engagement as a strategy to improve effectiveness is not well understood. What tools, platforms and processes should be used and at what points in the process to improve the effectiveness of lawmaking? How to do so efficiently? How can CrowdLaw create channels for informing lawmaking without overwhelming politicians and their staff? How can incentives be created for people to participate well, especially in a hyper-partisan climate?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"382b\" id=\"382b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To help legislators and policymakers take advantage of public engagement at every stage of making laws and policies, The Governance Lab at the NYU Tandon School of Engineering developed the \u003Ca href=\"https://catalog.crowd.law/\" data-href=\"https://catalog.crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">CrowdLaw Catalog\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, a compendium of 100+ real-world examples from 39 countries and six continents demonstrating how legislatures, parliaments, city councils and public bodies around the world are leveraging technology to involve more people in the process of governing.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e18b\" id=\"e18b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">It is a living repository and the first comprehensive collection of its kind. It joins a growing roster of CrowdLaw research and resources under The GovLab’s \u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw\u003C/a> initiative, launched in late 2017.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"11b7\" id=\"11b7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">CrowdLaw implies rethinking democracy, from small to big, shifting our attention from the legitimacy of decision-making to its effectiveness. Engaging the public in law and policymaking also means asking citizens not only for their opinions but also for their expertise, ideas, actions and evidence. Let’s start now! — \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Victòria Alsina Burgués\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/a-hundred-places-where-governments-are-using-tech-to-crowdsource-policy",{"title":2621,"description":2624},"a-hundred-places-where-governments-are-using-tech-to-crowdsource-policy","blogposts/a-hundred-places-where-governments-are-using-tech-to-crowdsource-policy","AFpfyCehuBKlgvVWKDkew0sg3Y9U6AWVLyI5DXBzszQ",{"id":2634,"title":2635,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2636,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2637,"description":2638,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2635,"image":2639,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2640,"meta":2641,"navigation":15,"path":2642,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2643,"slug":2644,"startTime":34,"stem":2645,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2646},"blogposts/blogposts/information-asymmetries-blockchain-technologies-and-social-change.json","Information Asymmetries, Blockchain Technologies, and Social Change",[],"2018-07-24T21:10:19","Reflections on the potential (and challenges) of Distributed Ledgers for “Market for Lemons” Conditions.","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*RR7ljaz41cAfO2pmeFIhIA.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"6f69\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"043c\" id=\"043c\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*RR7ljaz41cAfO2pmeFIhIA.jpeg\" data-width=\"960\" data-height=\"720\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*RR7ljaz41cAfO2pmeFIhIA.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">(Photo: Wikimedia Commons)\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"490d\" id=\"490d\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">Information Asymmetries, Blockchain Technologies, and Social Change\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"cfa5\" id=\"cfa5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Reflections on the potential (and challenges) of Distributed Ledgers for “Market for Lemons” Conditions.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0786\" id=\"0786\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">By Stefaan Verhulst. Originally posted on \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@sverhulst\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@sverhulst\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\">@sverhulst\u003C/a> \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@sverhulst/information-asymmetries-blockchain-technologies-and-social-change-148459b5ab1a\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@sverhulst/information-asymmetries-blockchain-technologies-and-social-change-148459b5ab1a\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f9b2\" id=\"f9b2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We live in a data age, and it has become common to extol the transformative power of data and information. It is now conventional to assume that many of our most pressing public problems — everything from climate change to terrorism to mass migration — are amenable to a “data fix.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e8dc\" id=\"e8dc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The truth, though, is a little more complicated. While there is no doubt that data — when analyzed and used responsibly — holds tremendous potential, many factors affect whether, and to what extent, that potential will ultimately be fulfilled.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"658f\" id=\"658f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Our ability to address complex public problems using data depends vitally on how our respective data ecosystems are designed (as well as ongoing questions of representation in, power over, and \u003Ca href=\"http://datastewards.net\" data-href=\"http://datastewards.net\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">stewardship\u003C/a> of these ecosystems).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b93c\" id=\"b93c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Flaws in our data ecosystem that prevent us from addressing problems; may also be responsible for many societal failures and inequalities result from the fact that:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"67c4\" id=\"67c4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">some actors have better access to data than others;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3624\" id=\"3624\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">data is of poor quality (or even “fake”); contains implicit bias; and/or is not validated and thus not trusted;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8fc9\" id=\"8fc9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">only easily accessible data are shared and integrated (“\u003Ca href=\"https://blog.okfn.org/2014/03/10/open-washing-the-difference-between-opening-your-data-and-simply-making-them-available/\" data-href=\"https://blog.okfn.org/2014/03/10/open-washing-the-difference-between-opening-your-data-and-simply-making-them-available/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">open washing\u003C/a>”) while important data remain carefully hidden or without resources for relevant research and analysis; and more generally that\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"27c2\" id=\"27c2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">even in an era of big and open data, information too often remains stove-piped, siloed, and generally difficult to access.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"777d\" id=\"777d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">Several observers have pointed to the relationship between these information asymmetries and, for example, \u003Ca href=\"https://academic.oup.com/jleo/article/12/1/167/896197\" data-href=\"https://academic.oup.com/jleo/article/12/1/167/896197\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">corruption\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23322039.2017.1362184\" data-href=\"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23322039.2017.1362184\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">financial exclusion\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.oecd.org/gov/risk/46889985.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.oecd.org/gov/risk/46889985.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">global pandemics\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"http://www.cornellpress.cornell.edu/book/?GCOI=80140100627270\" data-href=\"http://www.cornellpress.cornell.edu/book/?GCOI=80140100627270\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">forced mass migration\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/b8cb/cfa41b4fc07927db8d0393f8e722ad3128a0.pdf\" data-href=\"https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/b8cb/cfa41b4fc07927db8d0393f8e722ad3128a0.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">human rights abuses\u003C/a>, and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cis.upenn.edu/~nadiah/papers/election-auditing/election-auditing.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.cis.upenn.edu/~nadiah/papers/election-auditing/election-auditing.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">electoral fraud\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"70aa\" id=\"70aa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Consider the transaction costs, power inequities and other obstacles that result from such information asymmetries, namely:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"f364\" id=\"f364\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">At the individual level: too often someone who is trying to open a bank account (or sign up for new cell phone service) is unable to provide all the requisite information, such as credit history, proof of address or other confirmatory and trusted attributes of identity. As such, information asymmetries are in effect limiting this individual’s access to financial and communications services.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9285\" id=\"9285\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">At the corporate level, a\u003Ca href=\"https://www.economist.com/economics-brief/2016/07/23/secrets-and-agents\" data-href=\"https://www.economist.com/economics-brief/2016/07/23/secrets-and-agents\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> vast body of literature\u003C/a> in economics has shown how uncertainty over the quality and trustworthiness of data can impose transaction costs, limit the development of markets for goods and services, or shut them down altogether. This is the well-known “\u003Ca href=\"https://www.sas.upenn.edu/~hfang/teaching/socialinsurance/readings/fudan_hsbc/Akerlof70%282.1%29.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.sas.upenn.edu/~hfang/teaching/socialinsurance/readings/fudan_hsbc/Akerlof70(2.1).pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">market for lemons” problem\u003C/a> made famous in a 1970 paper of the same name by George Akerlof.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b460\" id=\"b460\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">At the societal or governance level, information asymmetries don’t just affect the efficiency of markets or social inequality. They can also incentivize unwanted behaviors that cause substantial public harm. Tyrants and corrupt politicians thrive on limiting their citizens’ access to information (e.g., information related to bank accounts, investment patterns or disbursement of public funds). Likewise, criminals, operate and succeed in the information-scarce corners of the underground economy.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"7f0a\" id=\"7f0a\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">Blockchain technologies and Information Asymmetries\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"c516\" id=\"c516\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">This is where blockchain comes in. At their core, blockchain technologies are a new type of disclosure mechanism that have the potential to address some of the information asymmetries listed above. There are many types of blockchain technologies, and while I use the blanket term ‘blockchain’ in the below for simplicity’s sake, the nuances between different types of blockchain technologies can greatly impact the character and likelihood of success of a given initiative.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dfcc\" id=\"dfcc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">By leveraging a shared and verified database of ledgers stored in a distributed manner, blockchain seeks to redesign information ecosystems in a more transparent, immutable, and trusted manner. Solving information asymmetries may be the real potential of blockchain, and this — much more than the current hype over virtual currencies — is the real reason to assess its potential.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"5441\" id=\"5441\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*wx9xRaqJI-AfzU_j\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"903\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*wx9xRaqJI-AfzU_j\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"d075\" id=\"d075\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">It is important to emphasize, of course, that blockchain’s potential remains just that for the moment — only \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">potential\u003C/em>. Considerable hype surrounds the emerging technology, and much remains to be done (and many obstacles overcome) if it is to achieve the enthusiasts’ vision of “\u003Ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/marshallbrown/2017/11/16/will-blockchain-unchain-the-world/#731fc432224f\" data-href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/marshallbrown/2017/11/16/will-blockchain-unchain-the-world/#731fc432224f\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">radical transparency\u003C/a>.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e038\" id=\"e038\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">At the same time, the following examples and pilots show the various countries and sectors where it is beginning to gain traction — reducing fraud and waste, combating corruption and criminal activity, and generally increasing transparency and reducing information asymmetries.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"3efc\" id=\"3efc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Moldova seeks to fight human trafficking by leveraging blockchain to establish an\u003Ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-moldova-blockchain-child-trafficking/moldova-eyes-blockchain-to-end-child-trafficking-idUSKBN1DF2GQ\" data-href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-moldova-blockchain-child-trafficking/moldova-eyes-blockchain-to-end-child-trafficking-idUSKBN1DF2GQ\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> immutable identity for children\u003C/a> living in rural areas. For many of these children, a lack of identification documents or other data makes them invisible and untraceable across borders to authorities, and thus makes them vulnerable to exploitation by human traffickers.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"597f\" id=\"597f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">To prevent voter fraud as a result of information asymmetries,\u003Ca href=\"https://bitcoinmagazine.com/articles/ukraine-government-plans-to-trial-ethereum-blockchain-based-election-platform-1455641691/\" data-href=\"https://bitcoinmagazine.com/articles/ukraine-government-plans-to-trial-ethereum-blockchain-based-election-platform-1455641691/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Ukraine is using E-vox\u003C/a>, which leverages smart contracts in order to fulfill a number of Ukrainian legal requirements. The system integrates multiple types of identity verification to increase the integrity of the voting system.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b00e\" id=\"b00e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.bext360.com/\" data-href=\"https://www.bext360.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Bext360\u003C/a>, a Colorado-based startup, uses smart contracts to pay coffee farmers fairly and on time. It uses a price determined through weighing and analyzing beans by the Bext360 machine, and helps small farmers overcome information asymmetries related to pricing and other market data.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ed38\" id=\"ed38\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.wetrust.io/#mission\" data-href=\"https://www.wetrust.io/#mission\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">WeTrust\u003C/a> aims to create a more inclusive financial system that would allow anyone to access fair, equitable financial services without an expensive trusted third party.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f5e9\" id=\"f5e9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.banquapp.com/\" data-href=\"http://www.banquapp.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">BanQu\u003C/a> creates an economic passport for previously unbanked populations by using blockchain to record economic and financial transactions and purchase goods. It thus allows unbanked populations to establish and “prove” their identity in global supply chains.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"e4b1\" id=\"e4b1\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">Three ways Blockchain Technologies address Information Asymmetries\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"374c\" id=\"374c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">These and other examples highlight that blockchain technologies can broadly address information asymmetries in three ways:\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"44ae\" id=\"44ae\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*o7Xcr8WYKHTpqjuT\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"899\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*o7Xcr8WYKHTpqjuT\">\u003C/figure>\u003Col class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"62c1\" id=\"62c1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--figure\">Addressing information asymmetries at the supply and value chain by improving\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> track and trace:\u003C/strong> The impact of blockchain is already starting to be felt in global supply chains, including in the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nap.edu/catalog/18272/countering-the-problem-of-falsified-and-substandard-drugs\" data-href=\"https://www.nap.edu/catalog/18272/countering-the-problem-of-falsified-and-substandard-drugs\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">pharmaceuticals\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/inov_a_00266\" data-href=\"https://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/inov_a_00266\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">food industries.\u003C/a> By immutably recording various steps in supply chains, (and other logistics chains), blockchain has the potential to reduce waste and fraud, crack down on duplicates and illicit products, and increase consumer safety. Blockchain in effect allows transparency watchdogs, as well as average consumers, to track the provenance of goods they purchase and consume, (such as \u003Ca href=\"https://diamonds.everledger.io/\" data-href=\"https://diamonds.everledger.io/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">diamonds\u003C/a>), in the process leveraging the power of information so that consumers and citizens can make better choices.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d2a4\" id=\"d2a4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Addressing asymmetries related to the management of\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> identity attributes: \u003C/strong>The lack of verifiable, self-sovereign identities is emerging as one of the major problems of the information age, enabling everything from identity theft to privacy violations, new and existing forms of surveillance, and other forms of fraud. Today, citizens do not control their online presences, and this not only leads to immediate problems but erodes long-term trust in the entire data ecosystem. Several projects are underway to use blockchain to remedy this situation. For example, the\u003Ca href=\"https://illinoisblockchain.tech/\" data-href=\"https://illinoisblockchain.tech/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Illinois Blockchain Initiative\u003C/a> launched a pilot project testing the value and feasibility of putting citizen birth certificates on the blockchain, giving citizens more control and an easier way to verify their identities. Likewise, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is in the second year of a project providing blockchain-based \u003Ca href=\"http://news.mit.edu/2017/mit-debuts-secure-digital-diploma-using-bitcoin-blockchain-technology-1017\" data-href=\"http://news.mit.edu/2017/mit-debuts-secure-digital-diploma-using-bitcoin-blockchain-technology-1017\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">digital diplomas\u003C/a> to students. Though still reliant on the registrar’s office, the project aims to provide alums with more control over their credentials and the ability of others to view them.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"53ce\" id=\"53ce\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Addressing transactional inefficiencies resulting from information asymmetries through\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> smart contracting: \u003C/strong>Much has been made ofblockchain’s potential for automated contracting. \u003Ca href=\"https://blockgeeks.com/guides/smart-contracts/\" data-href=\"https://blockgeeks.com/guides/smart-contracts/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Smart contracting\u003C/a> has the potential to reduce fraud and transaction costs for businesses, governments and citizens. More generally, it has the potential to drastically simplify processes (by, for example, automating compliance and enforcement), thus opening up new business models and permitting average citizens to enter into complex and hitherto expensive arrangements with businesses, governments and each other. Smart contracting is an example of how\u003Ca href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2985764\" data-href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2985764\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> existing information asymmetries can potentially be leveled and flattened, putting more power into the hands of citizens and consumers.\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003C/ol>\u003Ch4 name=\"318a\" id=\"318a\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">Blockchain Technologies and Traditional Means of Addressing Information Asymmetries\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"e257\" id=\"e257\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">To date, information asymmetries needed to be overcome through a variety of institutional and ‘\u003Ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378720612000444\" data-href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378720612000444\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">signalling\u003C/a>’ means — such as the enforcement of \u003Ca href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/agr.20020\" data-href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/agr.20020\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">liability and traceability provisions \u003C/a>and/or disclosure requirements or \u003Ca href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=298169\" data-href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=298169\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">monitoring\u003C/a> by well-known and trusted institutions; the establishment of industry standards or professional norms; \u003Ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953608000592\" data-href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953608000592\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">reputation-based mechanisms;\u003C/a> or even “\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contingent_contracts\" data-href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contingent_contracts\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">outcome-contingent” contracts\u003C/a> (where the buyer does not pay until the outcome of the service is known). Recent developments toward “\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">open data\u003C/a>” or “\u003Ca href=\"https://www.open-contracting.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.open-contracting.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">open contracting\u003C/a>” as part of the move toward “\u003Ca href=\"http://opening-governance.org/\" data-href=\"http://opening-governance.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">open government\u003C/a>” can also be portrayed as efforts to prevent or address information (and power) asymmetries.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fa84\" id=\"fa84\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">These institutional solutions, however, are dependent not just upon strong and trusted societal intermediaries but also upon an individual’s ability to access those intermediaries, or leverage the data made available, which explains why information asymmetries \u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pcYJTIbhYF0\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pcYJTIbhYF0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">affect less developed countries\u003C/a> and already excluded people more.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ef94\" id=\"ef94\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Whether blockchain technologies will provide a distributed, more egalitarian and democratic alternative to these institutional solutions remains to be seen as the presence of these same \u003Ca href=\"https://www.igi-global.com/book/trust-technology-ubiquitous-modern-environment/37347\" data-href=\"https://www.igi-global.com/book/trust-technology-ubiquitous-modern-environment/37347\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">trust providing mechanisms\u003C/a> may in fact be conditional for blockchain to be successfully implemented. Similarly, recent developments toward more private and permission-based blockchains may actually create new or reinforce existing information asymmetries instead of dismantling them (as we have seen with certain \u003Ca href=\"https://qz.com/1325423/indias-andhra-state-is-using-blockchain-to-build-capital-amaravati/\" data-href=\"https://qz.com/1325423/indias-andhra-state-is-using-blockchain-to-build-capital-amaravati/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">identity\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/1801.02507\" data-href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/1801.02507\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">smart contracting\u003C/a> initiatives — and with \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@avtarsehra/icos-and-economics-of-lemon-markets-96638e86b3b2\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@avtarsehra/icos-and-economics-of-lemon-markets-96638e86b3b2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">ICO token offerings\u003C/a>).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4920\" id=\"4920\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To monitor the potential of \u003Ca href=\"https://blockchan.ge/\" data-href=\"https://blockchan.ge/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">blockchain for social change\u003C/a> — by tackling information asymmetries — \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab\u003C/a> at NYU, an action-oriented think tank, is compiling a database of blockchain examples from around the world, and welcomes additions sent to \u003Ca href=\"mailto:blockchange@thegovlab.org\" data-href=\"mailto:blockchange@thegovlab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">blockchange@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1564\" id=\"1564\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">(Thanks to Andrew Young, Raul Zambrano, and Anna Levy for substantive comments to the above)\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3325\" id=\"3325\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">(Thanks to Andrew Young, Raul Zambrano, and Anna Levy for substantive comments to the above)\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/information-asymmetries-blockchain-technologies-and-social-change",{"title":2635,"description":2638},"information-asymmetries-blockchain-technologies-and-social-change","blogposts/information-asymmetries-blockchain-technologies-and-social-change","vlLZFRdh3NTci1zkD2Z4ucGMqeu9a1C1-rzjimDV56s",{"id":2648,"title":2649,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2650,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2651,"description":2652,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2649,"image":34,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2653,"meta":2654,"navigation":15,"path":2655,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2656,"slug":2657,"startTime":34,"stem":2658,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2659},"blogposts/blogposts/announcing-the-civic-tech-immigration-coalition.json","Announcing the Civic Tech Immigration Coalition",[],"2018-07-17T23:19:55","The latest “zero-tolerance policy” by the US government of separating and now detaining families who seek asylum in the US has led us to…","\n\u003Csection name=\"e86a\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"13b5\" id=\"13b5\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Announcing the Civic Tech Immigration Coalition\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"2f5c\" id=\"2f5c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">The latest “\u003Ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/attorney-general-announces-zero-tolerance-policy-criminal-illegal-entry\" data-href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/attorney-general-announces-zero-tolerance-policy-criminal-illegal-entry\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">zero-tolerance policy\u003C/a>” by the US government of \u003Ca href=\"https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/5/8/17327512/sessions-illegal-immigration-border-asylum-families\" data-href=\"https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/5/8/17327512/sessions-illegal-immigration-border-asylum-families\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">separating and now detaining families\u003C/a> who seek asylum in the US has led us to take action. We want to help by putting our knowledge of technology, data and innovation to use to help immigrants and their families and support front line service organizations who assist them in the US-Mexico border, as well as the Southern Mexican border.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"874e\" id=\"874e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This is a complex and difficult issue. Thus, to inform efforts of the civic tech community, we are convening online listening sessions to hear from organizations on the front lines and understand their most pressing challenges. The goal of these online listening sessions is to:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"3ce8\" id=\"3ce8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Better define and understand with specificity the nature of the problems immigrants, refugees and the organizations that serve them are facing;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c22d\" id=\"c22d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Understood who is affected, where and why;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"dfe4\" id=\"dfe4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Prioritize among challenges and needs;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9512\" id=\"9512\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Understand the tools they have been using so far: what has worked, what hasn’t and what would be ideal.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"7e7f\" id=\"7e7f\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">How can you help?\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"8192\" id=\"8192\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Forward this invitation widely to immigrant rights groups, civic technologists and data scientists.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9746\" id=\"9746\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We don’t need to “crowdsource widely” and attract a lot of participation. We need to “crowdsource wisely” and make sure to get out the word to those with relevant know-how by matching people and organizations who understand the problems with those who can leverage data and technology to help.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"966b\" id=\"966b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The sessions will take place on the following dates:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3692\" id=\"3692\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">English speaking sessions:\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>Monday, August 13th (19:00–20:30, (GMT-5:00) Central time U.S.A. and Canada). Please \u003Ca href=\"https://codeforamerica.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_fo0WjlYrRfuBNBtyZ0c-Lg\" data-href=\"https://codeforamerica.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_fo0WjlYrRfuBNBtyZ0c-Lg\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">RSVP here.\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1613\" id=\"1613\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Spanish speaking sessions:\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>Thursday, August 9th (19:00–20:30, (GMT-5:00) Central time U.S.A. and Canada). Please \u003Ca href=\"https://codeforamerica.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_fqH8eoE7Sqq-76zn8x2_8w\" data-href=\"https://codeforamerica.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_fqH8eoE7Sqq-76zn8x2_8w\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">RSVP here\u003C/a>.”\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"23ca\" id=\"23ca\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Logistics:\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"58e9\" id=\"58e9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--h3\">Once you RSVP by completing the sign-up form, we will send you the login information;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"19ae\" id=\"19ae\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Each session will be moderated by an expert in problem definition;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8228\" id=\"8228\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Each session will be staffed by volunteers who will take notes and follow up the session to develop good ideas into more concrete and actionable proposals.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"4253\" id=\"4253\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">In this moment, many are considering how they can stand up and help mitigate the pain arising from the administration’s zero tolerance policy. We hope that you’ll join us in creating a clear-eyed, targeted, and realistic mechanism for channeling that energy and altruism toward truly impactful solutions for vulnerable children and their families.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b632\" id=\"b632\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Thank you.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0dca\" id=\"0dca\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.codeforamerica.org/?gclid=EAIaIQobChMIjcXcgJSn3AIVisDICh0C9wJhEAAYASAAEgIZSfD_BwE\" data-href=\"https://www.codeforamerica.org/?gclid=EAIaIQobChMIjcXcgJSn3AIVisDICh0C9wJhEAAYASAAEgIZSfD_BwE\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Code for America\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.codeandomexico.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.codeandomexico.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Codeando México\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"e910\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"e106\" id=\"e106\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Anunciamos la Coalición de Tecnología Cívica por la Defensa del Migrante\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"7ea9\" id=\"7ea9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">La “\u003Ca href=\"https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/5/8/17327512/sessions-illegal-immigration-border-asylum-families\" data-href=\"https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/5/8/17327512/sessions-illegal-immigration-border-asylum-families\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">política de cero tolerancia\u003C/a>” impuesta por el gobierno de los Estados Unidos, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/5/8/17327512/sessions-illegal-immigration-border-asylum-families\" data-href=\"https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/5/8/17327512/sessions-illegal-immigration-border-asylum-families\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">para separar y detener familias de migrantes que buscan asilo\u003C/a> en su país nos ha llevado a tomar acción. Queremos que nuestros conocimientos en tecnología, datos e innovación sean de ayuda para lxs migrantes, sus familias y para las organizaciones que están día a día brindándoles apoyo y asesoría tanto en la frontera sur de México como en la frontera México-Estados Unidos.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1dc2\" id=\"1dc2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Reconocemos que es un tema complejo. Por ello, para informar los esfuerzos que la comunidad de tecnología pudiera realizar, estamos convocando a una serie de sesiones en-línea para escuchar a las organizaciones que directamente trabajan el tema migratorio y entender las necesidades más urgentes y prioritarias que tienen . El objetivo de estas sesiones online es:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"a55c\" id=\"a55c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Definir y entender específicamente la naturaleza de los problemas que migrantes, refugiados y organizaciones en el tema enfrentan diariamente;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0d49\" id=\"0d49\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Entender a quiénes les afecta el problema, dónde y cómo;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"fe5a\" id=\"fe5a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Priorizar dentro de los diferentes retos y necesidades;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2e4e\" id=\"2e4e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Entender las herramientas que se han usado hasta la fecha: qué ha funcionado, qué no y qué sería ideal.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch3 name=\"6d60\" id=\"6d60\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">¿Cómo ayudar?\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"46c7\" id=\"46c7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Comparte esta invitación con organizaciones que trabajan el tema migratorio, tecnólogxs cívicos, y científicxs de datos.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"883d\" id=\"883d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">No necesitamos hacer un crowdsourcing extenso para atraer mucha participación. Necesitamos hacer crowdsourcing de manera inteligente y asegurarnos que la información llegue a personas con las habilidades necesarias, conectando a personas y organizaciones que entienden los problemas con quienes pueden aprovechar los datos y tecnología de manera eficiente para ayudar.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"aa87\" id=\"aa87\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Las sesiones se llevarán a cabo en las siguientes fechas:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"214f\" id=\"214f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">English speaking sessions:\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>Monday, August 13th (19:00–20:30, (GMT-5:00) Central time U.S.A. and Canada). Please \u003Ca href=\"https://codeforamerica.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_fo0WjlYrRfuBNBtyZ0c-Lg\" data-href=\"https://codeforamerica.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_fo0WjlYrRfuBNBtyZ0c-Lg\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">RSVP here.\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"57b1\" id=\"57b1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Spanish speaking sessions:\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>Thursday, August 9th (19:00–20:30, (GMT-5:00) Central time U.S.A. and Canada). Please \u003Ca href=\"https://codeforamerica.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_fqH8eoE7Sqq-76zn8x2_8w\" data-href=\"https://codeforamerica.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_fqH8eoE7Sqq-76zn8x2_8w\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">RSVP here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"56cd\" id=\"56cd\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Logística:\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"9980\" id=\"9980\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--h3\">Una vez que hayas completado el formulario de registro, te enviaremos la información para entrar a la sesión;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c0ef\" id=\"c0ef\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Cada sesión estará moderada por un experto en definición de problemas;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"cdd3\" id=\"cdd3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">En cada sesión habrá una serie de voluntarios que tomarán notas y darán seguimiento para transformar buenas ideas en propuestas más concretas y accionables.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"337e\" id=\"337e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">En este momento, muchxs estamos considerando cómo ayudar a mitigar el dolor causado a partir de la implementación de la política de tolerancia cero. Esperamos crear en conjunto un mecanismo claro, enfocado y realista que canalice la energía y altruismo en soluciones con impacto para los niños y niñas en estado de vulnerabilidad y sus familias.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f957\" id=\"f957\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Gracias.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a43c\" id=\"a43c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.codeandomexico.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.codeandomexico.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Codeando México\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.codeforamerica.org/?gclid=EAIaIQobChMIjcXcgJSn3AIVisDICh0C9wJhEAAYASAAEgIZSfD_BwE\" data-href=\"https://www.codeforamerica.org/?gclid=EAIaIQobChMIjcXcgJSn3AIVisDICh0C9wJhEAAYASAAEgIZSfD_BwE\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Code for America\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/announcing-the-civic-tech-immigration-coalition",{"title":2649,"description":2652},"announcing-the-civic-tech-immigration-coalition","blogposts/announcing-the-civic-tech-immigration-coalition","vXYxkLFYyOOAY_eIEaG9M8ArNM-GirwS34TAW9OYz-0",{"id":2661,"title":2662,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2663,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2664,"description":2429,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2662,"image":2665,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2666,"meta":2667,"navigation":15,"path":2668,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2669,"slug":2670,"startTime":34,"stem":2671,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2672},"blogposts/blogposts/crowdlaw-communique-ogp-edition.json","CrowdLaw Communique: OGP Edition",[],"2018-07-16T07:31:01","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*pryTSAWqZyu9BWsa.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"1ec9\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"f9b2\" id=\"f9b2\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">CrowdLaw Communiqué: OGP Edition\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"f175\" id=\"f175\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">A quarterly newsletter on open and participatory public-decisionmaking\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"a68d\" id=\"a68d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Subscribe to the CrowdLaw Communiqué \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=806638238e\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=806638238e\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"9e5b\" id=\"9e5b\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*pryTSAWqZyu9BWsa.png\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"421\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*pryTSAWqZyu9BWsa.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"915f\" id=\"915f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Designed for interested public officials, technologists, politicians and researchers, the CrowdLaw Communiqué features curated news, interviews, announcements, and recommended readings on the evolution of law and policymaking processes for the 21st century.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7fab\" id=\"7fab\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">To share a story, please email us at \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"mailto:crowdlaw@thegovlab.org\" data-href=\"mailto:crowdlaw@thegovlab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">crowdlaw@thegovlab.org\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f956\" id=\"f956\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">IN THIS ISSUE\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Col class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"4d9c\" id=\"4d9c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Announcements\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003C/ol>\u003Cp name=\"3b28\" id=\"3b28\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">NEW! CrowdLaw Catalog Launches: \u003Ca href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_catalog\" data-href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_catalog\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Explore the CrowdLaw Catalog\u003C/a>- A repository of 100 examples of CrowdLaw from the GovLab\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"af4c\" id=\"af4c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">2. From the CrowdLaw Blog\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"92ed\" id=\"92ed\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_congress\" data-href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_congress\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Congress is Broken. CrowdLaw Can Help Fix It\u003C/a> by Beth Simone Noveck (\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">The GovLab\u003C/em>)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6882\" id=\"6882\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_nicola\" data-href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_nicola\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">French National Assembly Hosts Dialogue On Participatory Democracy\u003C/a> by Nicola Forster (\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Foraus\u003C/em>) and Ivo Scherrer (\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Argo\u003C/em>)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6079\" id=\"6079\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_childrens\" data-href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_childrens\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Children’s CrowdLaw: A Definitions Contest\u003C/a> by Jose Luis Marti (\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Pompeu Fabra University\u003C/em>)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2ff7\" id=\"2ff7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_crowdlaw\" data-href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_crowdlaw\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw: When The Intelligence of Crowds Knocks At The State’s Door\u003C/a> by Cristiano Ferri Faria (\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">HackerLab, Brazil\u003C/em>)\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"64e5\" id=\"64e5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">3. Papers and Reports\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"4b47\" id=\"4b47\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_library\" data-href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_library\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Curated Selected Readings\u003C/a> on CrowdLaw\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c036\" id=\"c036\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_selected_readings\" data-href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_selected_readings\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Readings on CrowdLaw\u003C/a> on the Open Governance Research Exchange\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"de0f\" id=\"de0f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_ehud\" data-href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_ehud\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Integrated Deliberation and Voting in Participatory Drafting of Legislation\u003C/a> by Ehud Shapiro and Nimrod Talmon (\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Weizmann Institute of Science\u003C/em>)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f8c8\" id=\"f8c8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_caroline\" data-href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_caroline\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Shaping Legislation Together: Human-centered Approaches In The Legislative Context\u003C/a> by Caroline Paulick-Thiel (\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">NextLearning\u003C/em>)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"33ae\" id=\"33ae\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_dsi\" data-href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_dsi\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">A Theoretical Framework for the DSI Index\u003C/a> by Jonathan Bone, Codrina Cretu and Matt Stokes (\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">NESTA\u003C/em>)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3e77\" id=\"3e77\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_labplus\" data-href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_labplus\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">LabPlus: Better Rules for Government Discovery Report\u003C/a> by Nadia Webster (\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Service Innovation Lab, New Zealand)\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"df2b\" id=\"df2b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">4. What We’re Watching\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"7ce8\" id=\"7ce8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_interviews\" data-href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_interviews\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw Speaker Series\u003C/a> featuring an ever-increasing list of the early pioneers of CrowdLaw initiatives around the world.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"487f\" id=\"487f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">5. Conferences and Events\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"74ce\" id=\"74ce\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_conference\" data-href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_conference\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Designing Collective Intelligence\u003C/a>: Mobilizing humans and machines to address social needs (London, September 17, 2018)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2a40\" id=\"2a40\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_conference\" data-href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_conference\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Democratic Constitutional Design\u003C/a>: The future of public engagement (Iceland, September 27–29, 2018)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ce4c\" id=\"ce4c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_ogp\" data-href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_ogp\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">OGP Global Summit 2018\u003C/a> on July 17–19 in Tbilisi, Georgia\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"fde4\" id=\"fde4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">6. Follow\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"fc46\" id=\"fc46\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Ca href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_follow\" data-href=\"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2dac61a3c9&view=lg&msg=1649e7bf1846fb11#m_-1441428055165380716_follow\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The CrowdLaw Twitter list\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"0657\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"ea3d\" id=\"ea3d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">1. ANNOUNCEMENTS\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"d0e1\" id=\"d0e1\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*e5TZl9aGj01_5xJj.png\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"450\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*e5TZl9aGj01_5xJj.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"613e\" id=\"613e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">NEW! CrowdLaw Catalog Launches!\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>The CrowdLaw Catalog is a growing repository of 100 CrowdLaw cases from around the world. The goal of the catalog is to help those wishing to start new or improve existing CrowdLaw projects to learn from one another.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2029\" id=\"2029\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Ca href=\"http://catalog.crowd.law/\" data-href=\"http://catalog.crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" title=\"Click here to explore the catalog!\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Click here to explore the catalog!\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"257d\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"865a\" id=\"865a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">2. CROWDLAW BLOG\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"2c3e\" id=\"2c3e\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*668sn2mW4l9_kLff.jpg\" data-width=\"707\" data-height=\"466\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*668sn2mW4l9_kLff.jpg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"9a75\" id=\"9a75\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">French National Assembly hosts dialogue on participatory democracy\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>By Nicola Forster, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Co-Founder, Foraus \u003C/em>& Ivo Scherrer, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Co-Founder, Argo\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f46d\" id=\"f46d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/france-president-macrons-party-engages-in-discussions-about-participatory-democracy-and-a23922a4f7a2\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/france-president-macrons-party-engages-in-discussions-about-participatory-democracy-and-a23922a4f7a2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" title=\"Read More\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Read More\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"a822\" id=\"a822\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*Pee4Fav6MUObIekO.jpeg\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"445\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Pee4Fav6MUObIekO.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"2bbc\" id=\"2bbc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Children’s CrowdLaw: A Definitions Contest\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>By José Luis Martí\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Professor of Law,\u003Cbr>Pompeu Fabra University\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c7d3\" id=\"c7d3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/chidrens-crowdlaw-a-definitions-contest-a82fa6baf53a\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/chidrens-crowdlaw-a-definitions-contest-a82fa6baf53a\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" title=\"Read More\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Read More\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"fbf5\" id=\"fbf5\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*dTxGs5ZndFZJxI-O.jpeg\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"533\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*dTxGs5ZndFZJxI-O.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"da32\" id=\"da32\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Congress Is Broken. CrowdLaw Could Help Fix It\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>By Beth Simone Noveck\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Director, The Governance Lab\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6ffe\" id=\"6ffe\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/bethsimonenoveck/2018/01/23/congress-is-broken-crowdlaw-could-help-fix-it/#2d1133ddeeda\" data-href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/bethsimonenoveck/2018/01/23/congress-is-broken-crowdlaw-could-help-fix-it/#2d1133ddeeda\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" title=\"Read More\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Read More\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"adea\" id=\"adea\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*uCq55dDBe0y1Gz7h.png\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"445\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*uCq55dDBe0y1Gz7h.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"2673\" id=\"2673\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">CrowdLaw: When the Intelligence of Crowds Knocks At The State’s Door\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>By Cristiano Ferri Faria\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Director,\u003Cbr>HackerLabs- Brazil\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7216\" id=\"7216\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-when-the-intelligence-of-crowds-knocks-at-the-states-door-88b3e7f86426\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-when-the-intelligence-of-crowds-knocks-at-the-states-door-88b3e7f86426\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" title=\"Read More\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Read More\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"5c4d\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"244b\" id=\"244b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">3. PAPERS AND REPORTS\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"7d4e\" id=\"7d4e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">A curated list of \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-crowdlaw/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-crowdlaw/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">ten recommended academic articles\u003C/a> on CrowdLaw compiled by the GovLab.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"24ed\" id=\"24ed\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">For \u003Ca href=\"http://ogrx.org/categories/crowdlaw.html\" data-href=\"http://ogrx.org/categories/crowdlaw.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">more readings\u003C/a> on crowdlaw, visit the \u003Ca href=\"http://ogrx.org/\" data-href=\"http://ogrx.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Governance Research Exchange\u003C/a>- A repository of selected publications on Open Governance, Open Data, Citizen Engagement and much more.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"37ad\" id=\"37ad\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.06277\" data-href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.06277\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Integrated Deliberation and Voting in Participatory Drafting of Legislation\u003C/a>- Professor of Computer Science at the Weizmann Institute of Science, Ehud Shapiro and Nimrod Talmon propose a process for participatory legislation that integrates two seemingly antithetic ideas- Deliberation and Voting.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"440f\" id=\"440f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/shaping-legislation-together-human-centered-approaches-in-the-legislative-context-91d042b36a8b\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/shaping-legislation-together-human-centered-approaches-in-the-legislative-context-91d042b36a8b\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Shaping Legislation Together: Human-centered approaches in the legislative context\u003C/a>- Expert Report by Caroline Paulick-Thiel (\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Founder, NextLearning)\u003C/em> for Unit 133 (Bureaucracy Reduction Office) in the German Chancellery, Berlin)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"fbcd\" id=\"fbcd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://digitalsocial.eu/images/upload/7-A_theoretical_framework_for_the_DSI_index.pdf\" data-href=\"https://digitalsocial.eu/images/upload/7-A_theoretical_framework_for_the_DSI_index.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">A Theoretical Framework for the DSI Index\u003C/a> by Jonathan Bone, Codrina Cretu and Matt Stokes (NESTA)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5113\" id=\"5113\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.digital.govt.nz/blog/labplus-better-rules-for-government-discovery-report/\" data-href=\"https://www.digital.govt.nz/blog/labplus-better-rules-for-government-discovery-report/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">LabPlus: Better Rules for Government Discovery Report\u003C/a> by Nadia Webster, Service Innovation Lab, New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"c107\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"6e1d\" id=\"6e1d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">4. WHAT WE’RE WATCHING\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0f1a\" id=\"0f1a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">CrowdLaw Speaker Series\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>We spoke to the drivers of CrowdLaw initiatives from around the world to hear their stories and learn from their experiences. Watch all the videos \u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwZiHJIJ1m7up1PEvSwbXkZ\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwZiHJIJ1m7up1PEvSwbXkZ\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"6169\" id=\"6169\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*jNujyMmq4Bzrwv-8.png\" data-width=\"1400\" data-height=\"787\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*jNujyMmq4Bzrwv-8.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"def1\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"5a08\" id=\"5a08\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">5. CONFERENCES AND EVENTS\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"3d5f\" id=\"3d5f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">OGP Global Summit 2018 \u003C/strong>(Georgia, July 17–19, 2018):\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>The Open Government Partnership is hosting its annual global summit in Tbilisi, Georgia. For more information, click \u003Ca href=\"https://www.opengovpartnership.org/events/ogp-global-summit-2018-tbilisi\" data-href=\"https://www.opengovpartnership.org/events/ogp-global-summit-2018-tbilisi\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"69bc\" id=\"69bc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Designing Collective Intelligence: Mobilizing humans and machines to address social needs \u003C/strong>(London, September 17, 2018): A day of talks, workshops and discussions to map the best tools and methods for collective intelligence; to learn from the inspiring people and projects already pioneering important work in this space; and to discuss how we can make the most of the opportunity in collective intelligence through research, experiments and practical programs. To register, click \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nesta.org.uk/event/designing-collective-intelligence-how-better-mobilise-human-and-machine-intelligence-scale-address-social-needs/\" data-href=\"https://www.nesta.org.uk/event/designing-collective-intelligence-how-better-mobilise-human-and-machine-intelligence-scale-address-social-needs/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8ed0\" id=\"8ed0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Democratic Constitutional Design: The Future of Public Engagement\u003C/strong> is a conference that will be hosted by EDDA Research Center at the University of Iceland in cooperation with the Prime Minister‘s office on 27–29 September 2018. The conference has two main objectives. One is to create a venue for a discussion of newest developments in democratic participation and public engagement. A second objective is to facilitate exchange between academics, policy-makers and citizens. Read more about the conference \u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/democratic-constitutional-design-the-icelandic-constitution-continued-c310aa3fc42c\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/democratic-constitutional-design-the-icelandic-constitution-continued-c310aa3fc42c\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cfigure name=\"f9a6\" id=\"f9a6\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*nqTs4Q8JTKV8r0UR.png\" data-width=\"816\" data-height=\"128\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*nqTs4Q8JTKV8r0UR.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cfigure name=\"6cbb\" id=\"6cbb\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--figure graf--trailing\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*h8f9rr17krscquAn.png\" data-width=\"816\" data-height=\"128\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*h8f9rr17krscquAn.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"d875\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"4437\" id=\"4437\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">6. FOLLOW\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"d0a7\" id=\"d0a7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">The GovLab created a Twitter list of the who’s who in the field of participatory lawmaking from around the world. Check out the list here!\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c3b0\" id=\"c3b0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">For more information about CrowdLaw,\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\"> visit \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://crowd.law/\" data-href=\"http://crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">crowd.law\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\"> and \u003C/em>follow us on Twitter \u003Ca href=\"https://twitter.com/TheGovLab\" data-href=\"https://twitter.com/TheGovLab\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">@thegovlab\u003C/em>\u003C/a> and on Facebook at \u003Ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/thegovlab\" data-href=\"https://www.facebook.com/thegovlab\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">fb.com/thegovlab\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"182c\" id=\"182c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li graf--trailing\">To share a story, please email us at \u003Ca href=\"mailto:crowdlaw@thegovlab.org\" data-href=\"mailto:crowdlaw@thegovlab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">crowdlaw@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/crowdlaw-communique-ogp-edition",{"title":2662,"description":2429},"crowdlaw-communique-ogp-edition","blogposts/crowdlaw-communique-ogp-edition","R5xxYQzaOUdDEedTiPCMt4R6YT2Dzzmtnf_m9rHD21E",{"id":2674,"title":2675,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2676,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2677,"description":2678,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2675,"image":2679,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2680,"meta":2681,"navigation":15,"path":2682,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2683,"slug":2684,"startTime":34,"stem":2685,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2686},"blogposts/blogposts/the-crowdlaw-catalog.json","The CrowdLaw Catalog!",[],"2018-07-16T06:01:01","A Digital Compendium of CrowdLaw Initiatives from around the world","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*6uHUsAdcc1KynjIi3kbaNQ.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"8547\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"c000\" id=\"c000\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">The CrowdLaw Catalog!\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"5975\" id=\"5975\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">A Digital Compendium of CrowdLaw Initiatives from around the world\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"8d76\" id=\"8d76\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*6uHUsAdcc1KynjIi3kbaNQ.jpeg\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"450\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*6uHUsAdcc1KynjIi3kbaNQ.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"0ab8\" id=\"0ab8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab\u003C/a> at the NYU Tandon School of Engineering is pleased to announce the launch of the \u003Ca href=\"http://catalog.crowd.law/\" data-href=\"http://catalog.crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw Catalog\u003C/a>, a compendium of real-world examples from 39 countries and six continents demonstrating how legislatures, parliaments, city councils, and public bodies around the world are leveraging technology to involve more people in the process of making policies and laws. By definition, crowdLaw is the process of using public participation to improve the quality, effectiveness and legitimacy of the lawmaking and policymaking process at every stage, and the CrowdLaw Catalog helps to support these efforts.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b0d1\" id=\"b0d1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The new, online CrowdLaw Catalog features a growing repository of 100 cases of such participatory lawmaking at work, at various stages, from problem spotting to evaluation, including 41 samples at the regional and local level, 59 samples at the national level, 88 samples using the internet, and 12 samples using mobile technologies such as Interactive Voice Response Systems (IVRS), and SMS-based tools.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7a0d\" id=\"7a0d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">GovLab developed the Catalog to help those seeking to start new or improve existing crowdlaw projects, and to learn from one another. For example, \u003Ca href=\"https://reykjavik.is/en/better-reykjavik-0\" data-href=\"https://reykjavik.is/en/better-reykjavik-0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Better Reykjavik\u003C/a> is a platform for citizens to present their ideas on issues regarding city services and operations. \u003Ca href=\"https://info.vtaiwan.tw/\" data-href=\"https://info.vtaiwan.tw/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">vTaiwan\u003C/a> is an on- and off-line portal bringing together citizens, scholars, government and elected officials, business leaders, civil society organizations and others to help lawmakers govern. \u003Ca href=\"https://decide.madrid.es/\" data-href=\"https://decide.madrid.es/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Decide Madrid\u003C/a> is an online portal for citizens to propose, deliberate and vote on municipal policies, and to ensure transparency of government proceedings.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9c49\" id=\"9c49\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The CrowdLaw Catalog is the first of its kind and the most comprehensive collection of available cases sourced from around the world. The new resource is part of the \u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw\u003C/a> research initiative GovLab launched in late 2017, which includes a digital platform for original research, reports, articles, and blog posts; case studies; frameworks and recommendations for designing initiatives; selected readings; and video content from several online conferences and a recent convening of crowdlaw experts at the famed Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center in Bellagio, Italy thanks to generous support from the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.rockefellerfoundation.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.rockefellerfoundation.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Rockefeller Foundation\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"9157\" id=\"9157\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*xb8G6MZd7GJ8Shjd.png\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"450\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*xb8G6MZd7GJ8Shjd.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"4648\" id=\"4648\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--figure\">“For the public to care about civic engagement beyond the ballot box, they need meaningful, actionable ways to participate in how laws and policies are made that ultimately affect them,” said \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/beth-noveck.html\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/beth-noveck.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Professor Beth Simone Noveck\u003C/a>, director of the GovLab. “CrowdLaw is a step in the right direction; it’s responsive to data, harnesses collective intelligence and uses technology to give the public a more meaningful role and pathway to managing how they’re governed.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1e12\" id=\"1e12\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The new portal includes brief descriptions of each of the 100 crowdlaw cases currently included (with links to additional resources), and is searchable by four criteria:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"2ccb\" id=\"2ccb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Level — what level of government is involved? \u003C/strong>Searchable by: national, regional and/or local government level\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"21f6\" id=\"21f6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Stage — what stage of the law or policymaking process does participation take place? \u003C/strong>Searchable by: problem identification, solution identification, drafting, decision making, implementation and/or assessment\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f995\" id=\"f995\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Task — what materials are people being asked to contribute? \u003C/strong>Searchable by: ideas and proposals, expertise, opinions, evidence and/or actions\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"04ba\" id=\"04ba\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Technology — what is the platform? \u003C/strong>Searchable by: web, mobile and/or offline\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"4f9a\" id=\"4f9a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--li\">“As a think and do tank, a great deal of our focus is on applied research to improve lives through more effective governance,” said \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/team.html\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/team.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Professor Victòria Alsina\u003C/a>, senior fellow at the GovLab, research professor at New York University and faculty associate at the Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Business & Government at the Harvard Kennedy School. “When we surveyed the landscape for tools to help people become more involved in lawmaking and policymaking in their area, we didn’t find what we needed and created the CrowdLaw Catalog to help fill the gap.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e532\" id=\"e532\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">By design, crowdlaw enables the public to become collaborators and co-creators in public decision-making. The CrowdLaw Catalog is a living repository that shows how widely crowdlaw is being implemented around the world. And current and prospective Catalog users are encouraged to share additional crowdlaw cases and any corrections or suggestions to the compendium.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4d40\" id=\"4d40\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Catalog, available online at \u003Ca href=\"http://catalog.crowd.law/\" data-href=\"http://catalog.crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">catalog.crowd.law\u003C/a>, joins a growing roster of CrowdLaw research and resources developed by the GovLab. Later this year, the center will publish a compilation of in-depth case studies about the burgeoning discipline, and a detailed playbook with instructions on how to start, run, maintain and measure a crowdlaw project.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5f6d\" id=\"5f6d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">To learn more about the practice of crowdlaw, and GovLab’s CrowdLaw initiatives, please visit \u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">crowd.law\u003C/a> or contact us at crowdlaw@thegovlab.org\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/the-crowdlaw-catalog",{"title":2675,"description":2678},"the-crowdlaw-catalog","blogposts/the-crowdlaw-catalog","_-aFrCoNEPf-yag7RP1nL5LcPpqqM8Z8T7WuLhExn2o",{"id":2688,"title":2689,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2690,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2691,"description":2692,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2689,"image":2693,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2694,"meta":2695,"navigation":15,"path":2696,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2697,"slug":2698,"startTime":34,"stem":2699,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2700},"blogposts/blogposts/shaping-legislation-together-human-centered-approaches-in-the-legislative-context.json","Shaping Legislation Together: Human-centered approaches in the legislative context",[],"2018-07-13T21:54:09","Expert report by Caroline Paulick-Thiel for Unit 133 (Bureaucracy Reduction Office) in the German Federal Chancellery, Berlin","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*efiVeRijPdwnjtrELee9Og.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"d3b4\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"6e2e\" id=\"6e2e\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Shaping Legislation Together: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Human-centered approaches in the legislative context\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"77db\" id=\"77db\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">Expert report by Caroline Paulick-Thiel for Unit 133 (Bureaucracy Reduction Office) in the German Federal Chancellery, Berlin\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"4dbc\" id=\"4dbc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">October 2017\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c5ef\" id=\"c5ef\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Originally published in German. Read the original \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/öffentliches-gestalten/rechtsetzung-gemeinsam-gestalten-ddec5b442daf\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/öffentliches-gestalten/rechtsetzung-gemeinsam-gestalten-ddec5b442daf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cblockquote name=\"abb5\" id=\"abb5\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Because our solutions must survive in a future that is different from today, the ability to design effectively becomes ever more important. We need to design society with regard for the future, not referring to a past that is becoming less relevant to the problems we face now; we need to realize better and more sustainable solutions by using our imagination and talent for creativity and design.” — Mulder 2011\u003C/blockquote>\u003Ch3 name=\"ded3\" id=\"ded3\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--blockquote\">Managing and shaping\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"1280\" id=\"1280\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">The contemporary design of the public sector and the related changes put traditional ways of working in politics and administration worldwide under scrutiny. Bureaucracies with many thousands of employees currently face the challenge of not only monitoring laws and budgets, but also establishing new relationships between intersubjective realities (Harari 2017) and ecological-social consequences.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"446f\" id=\"446f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In Germany, nationwide strategies for the future and innovation focus mainly on the promotion of technologies for solving complex societal problems (BMBF 2017). This is understandable, but it has been proven that technological innovations can only contribute to a desirable transformation of our society if they can be effective in conjunction with social innovations and experience cultural embedding (Buchanan 2001, Jahn et al 2012).\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"6e1d\" id=\"6e1d\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Facing complexity\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"e4a2\" id=\"e4a2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Especially in the area of ​​law-making, problems emerge for which not only one suitable solution can be considered, but where their framing by the actors is disputed; where causes of problems, goals and responsibilities are the subject of a discursive debate (Hagan 2017). In order to deal with these so-called “wicked problems” (Rittel and Webber 1973, Buchanan 1992, Checkland et al 2006, Ferlie et al. 2011) transdisciplinary approaches and organizational learning processes are particularly considered in the fields of transformation and administration (Jacob et al. 2015).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4c5a\" id=\"4c5a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In the case of unclear problem profiles and “soft” goals, therefore, there is a need for social learning processes that contribute to the adaptation of leading variables, goals or discursive framing and are referred to as “double-loop learning” (Agyris and Schön, 1996). Practice shows that this learning is very much in demand and is difficult to implement in organizations, because “double-loop learning” occurs when mistakes are identified and corrected in a way that incorporates changes in the underlying norms, policies, and goals of an organization (Smith 2001).\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"1991\" id=\"1991\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Experimenting legitimately\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"4648\" id=\"4648\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">In order to meaningfully accompany the associated learning processes in the policy cycle, for several years now, innovation spaces in the public sector have been experimenting with participatory and creative methods (Bason 2010, 2017). For this, legitimate experimental spaces within political-administrative structures are helpful, in which overarching questions can be dealt with and concrete results can emerge.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e9cd\" id=\"e9cd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">It should be emphasized that there is a continuous engagement with design approaches that deliberately place people in their environment at the center of the development of public products, services and change processes (Buchanan 2007, Junginger 2015). Approaches from human-centered design combine creativity with feasibility. Ideas are designed and realized for processes and things that are intuitive and valuable, with which people like to interact. There are several areas defined by the nature of the challenge that needs to be addressed, from information, products and services to organizations and systems (see Matrix Buchanan). These approaches also enable technological innovations, but with the participation of representative groups with different needs.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"b83f\" id=\"b83f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*efiVeRijPdwnjtrELee9Og.jpeg\" data-width=\"1536\" data-height=\"1536\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*efiVeRijPdwnjtrELee9Og.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Fig.: Buchanan, 2007\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"66c5\" id=\"66c5\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure\">Exploring design options\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"8b81\" id=\"8b81\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Internationally tested strategies from human-centered design can broaden the options for action of public organizations (Junginger 2015) and strengthen directional cooperation within and between organizations.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"b8dd\" id=\"b8dd\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*QeHX7n3O0lT-Gt1gsuRKXg.png\" data-width=\"1211\" data-height=\"1096\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*QeHX7n3O0lT-Gt1gsuRKXg.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Fig.: Junginger, 2015\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"f1a2\" id=\"f1a2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The associated processes and methods (for example, Design Thinking, but also Theory U, Art of Hosting, etc.) support multi-perspective cooperation through empathic research approaches and the explication of implicit knowledge, since they were developed especially for the treatment of complex problems (Kimbell 2011). The collective intelligence of the participants is used to develop practical answers to challenges that are specifically geared to the needs and issues of the affected target groups.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"2b7d\" id=\"2b7d\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Documentation of the cooperation\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"83d9\" id=\"83d9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Legal design provides ways to assess and develop information and interactions throughout the legal cycle. The focus is on how applicable,meaningful, and motivational the respective products and services are to the people who create and use them (Hagan 2017).\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"0d4d\" id=\"0d4d\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*3hGs5TpOWWVyG0Fs__oDJg.jpeg\" data-width=\"886\" data-height=\"886\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*3hGs5TpOWWVyG0Fs__oDJg.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Fig.: Paulick-Thiel, 2017\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"bcd5\" id=\"bcd5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">By involving relevant target groups, legal design can open up very different possibilities:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"49c5\" id=\"49c5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">· Communicating information in a more meaningful and understandable way\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f9d8\" id=\"f9d8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">· Promoting the development of ideas for desirable products and services\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"af49\" id=\"af49\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">· Integrating social and technological innovations within or between organizations\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0c1c\" id=\"0c1c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">· Supporting empathic interactions between people and impact-oriented collaboration\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6c34\" id=\"6c34\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In order to not only refer to internationally successful examples, employees of the German Federal Government have tested human-centered design approaches on the basis of a relevant legislative challenge.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"4817\" id=\"4817\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Too much data, too little information\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"9348\" id=\"9348\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">The Better Regulation Unit of the German Federal Chancellery is frequently faced with the task of clearly and convincingly presenting the processes and functions that are required to draft laws and ordinances, as well as to ensure quality and improve standards. In the international context, the OECD, for example, is an organization that regularly gathers information from its member countries, which is intended for the implementation of recommendations on regulation policy. For this purpose, member countries answer a survey containing over 420 questions.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"5904\" id=\"5904\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*dNoL1RbifhSIX_yLko1vAQ.png\" data-width=\"1297\" data-height=\"968\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*dNoL1RbifhSIX_yLko1vAQ.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Fig.: OECD, 2017\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"c4d6\" id=\"c4d6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The data collection focuses on instruments for regulatory impact assessment, the participation of those affected and evaluation. In the future, a further aim will be to identify how the member countries organise oversight and quality management. For this, an extension of the questionnaire was developed.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"16c7\" id=\"16c7\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Avoiding false conclusions\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"9e07\" id=\"9e07\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">In the context of this questionnaire, in consultation with Unit 133 and the OECD, research has been done on how to gather information and improve cooperation between professionals. The study revealed that questionnaires are not sufficiently suitable for collecting the necessary data or deriving meaningful representations or even drawing conclusions. Some quotes from experienced users who tested the OECD’s draft questionnaire extension were:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bf43\" id=\"bf43\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">P1: “Unfortunately, I have not consistently succeeded in grasping the questions or the apparent assumptions that were used in their formulation.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fefb\" id=\"fefb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">P2: “The requested answering of the questions was only partially possible for me. I am afraid it will be the same later on, even with the finalized questionnaire, and this could lead to false or disadvantageous results.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"79d1\" id=\"79d1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">P 2: “I also was not able to achieve a comprehensible illustration of the respective legislative process by answering the individual questions or by merely rephrasing them.”\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"730c\" id=\"730c\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Making meaningful connections\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"d55d\" id=\"d55d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Information about the organization and scope of quality management can only be presented and analyzed meaningfully in connection with information on the regulatory process itself and the use of the instruments mentioned. The guiding question for the further work process was:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c9ca\" id=\"c9ca\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">How can we improve the collection, mapping and analysis of data in the context of legislative procedures?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6c65\" id=\"6c65\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In order to find possible answers, an explorative procedure and corresponding methods were required. The same applies to similar tasks within the Federal Government. In addition to traditional textual and graphical representations such as lists, organigrams, or charts representing the allocation of duties, new mapping opportunities should be developed and tested as part of the expert consultation.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"f3e3\" id=\"f3e3\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Research of possible approaches\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"0597\" id=\"0597\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">For inspiration a variety of images of processes were examined that show people interacting with products or systems. Especially in the area of ​​service design, “user journeys” can illustrate one or more user groups in different situations, e.g. in everyday life or in a service system. This enables examination of how the situation is arranged, who the involved groups are, what points of contact there are with certain questions, and what needs and emotions the user group has in each case.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"f594\" id=\"f594\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*w6aokPKUNYceRuJrN2bKnw.png\" data-width=\"1297\" data-height=\"680\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*w6aokPKUNYceRuJrN2bKnw.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Fig.: User Journey example — “heart of the customer”, 2017\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch4 name=\"f6ff\" id=\"f6ff\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--figure\">Drafting a process\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"ef96\" id=\"ef96\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Based on this research, ideas for the analysis of work processes in lawmaking were developed that focused on the pre-parliamentary process of developing a law. This resulted in a first “Process Journey Toolkit”, printed on paper, which offers the possibility of modularly representing selected process elements using color-coded forms: groups of actors and individual actors, process phases, timeframes, activities, decisions, results and quality assurance instruments.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"9e11\" id=\"9e11\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*9kp1TbCZoVB62qKlTHF9TQ.jpeg\" data-width=\"2481\" data-height=\"1754\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*9kp1TbCZoVB62qKlTHF9TQ.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Fig.: Paulick-Thiel, 2017\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"72bc\" id=\"72bc\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure\">Testing the method in a workshop\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"1c12\" id=\"1c12\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">The toolkit was tested in a workshop with employees of the Federal Chancellery (Political Planning Department, Unit 133) and the Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection. The aim was to interactively integrate the participants’ expertise into mapping the legislative process and to identify specific information on quality assurance during the respective procedural options. Instead of an extensive questionnaire, which is often filled out by one person alone, two teams of four people each worked in parallel to create a prototype mapping. One team mapped the specific process of a current legislative procedure while the other team worked on mapping a general procedure.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"1d07\" id=\"1d07\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*5a0mxENl9UdWwy6aJdCwUA.png\" data-width=\"1275\" data-height=\"887\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*5a0mxENl9UdWwy6aJdCwUA.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Photo: Workshop at the Federal Chancellery, Paulick-Thiel, 2017\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"4c1b\" id=\"4c1b\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure\">Revised presentation of the methodological collection, mapping and analysis of data\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"aee4\" id=\"aee4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">After the workshop, the images created using the “Process Journey Toolkit” were refined, digitized and adjusted in cooperation with the participants (Political Planning Staff Unit, Unit 133, BMVJ). Based on the joint process analysis and data collection and through the integration of different perspectives within the federal government, the group considered which comparative representation of legislative processes could be relevant in different governmental contexts.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"88c6\" id=\"88c6\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*BUPIpkeDRZeQ4noZUT3D-w.png\" data-width=\"762\" data-height=\"542\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*BUPIpkeDRZeQ4noZUT3D-w.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Fig.: Processing of results in tabular form and further development of circular model, 2017\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cfigure name=\"fc68\" id=\"fc68\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--figure\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*_oXKzgsHiRMhFVPJiwsfww.png\" data-width=\"455\" data-height=\"589\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*_oXKzgsHiRMhFVPJiwsfww.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Fig.: Processing of results in tabular form and further development of circular model, 2017\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"d64c\" id=\"d64c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The following presentation was developed to map parallel activities and different depths of detail in the process of drafting a bill with stakeholders, selected decisions, process outcomes, and quality assurance tools.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"5ca0\" id=\"5ca0\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*po816NVHXVIjGAWloWKHwg.png\" data-width=\"3143\" data-height=\"2222\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*po816NVHXVIjGAWloWKHwg.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cfigure name=\"abd8\" id=\"abd8\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--figure\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*U2bP6g7FurYRZPngoEVY7w.jpeg\" data-width=\"3544\" data-height=\"1241\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*U2bP6g7FurYRZPngoEVY7w.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Fig.: Comparison, Paulick-Thiel, 2017\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"61ea\" id=\"61ea\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">For the national context, further important needs were identified through interviews during the workshop:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d505\" id=\"d505\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data quality:\u003C/strong> Requires reliable, verified data sets, comprehensible data sources, transparency with regard to use and processing. Reliable statements on efforts for implementation are a prerequisite for reducing unnecessary bureaucracy and reducing information loss through data collection, open-ended analysis and interpretation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"28e1\" id=\"28e1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Comprehensibility:\u003C/strong> Tools for the better understanding of draft legislation (beyond the wording) and target group-specific processing, in order to promote data literacy, clarity and quality of data handling.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b606\" id=\"b606\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Collaboration:\u003C/strong> more collegiality between the various instances, because cooperation is the basis for mapping complex contexts and gaining acceptance from (political) clients to act more freely and innovatively.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"7b55\" id=\"7b55\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Criteria for the suitability of methodological approaches in the legislative context\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"12c5\" id=\"12c5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">According to evaluation by the workshop participants, the methodological approach and the “Process Journey Toolkit” are suitable for further use in the national and international legislative context by employees in ministries or other persons, who are e.g. only secondarily involved.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"88e3\" id=\"88e3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The developed approach supports the discovery of real processes and offers a qualitative insight into different system logics. The instruments can be used in a variety of ways, for example for self-evaluation, for the parallel mapping of desired and actual states or in the international comparison of quality assurance instruments in regulatory policy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2fce\" id=\"2fce\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Important for working with it is the definition of the task and what is being worked toward. It should be clarified, whether internal communication (more detailed understanding of processes in the organization) or external (to communicate processes to non-participants) is desired. For accurate representation, different stakeholder groups should be involved.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"da16\" id=\"da16\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">There was a very positive assessment of the cooperation between a diverse group and the interconnection of knowledge. Added value was the clear comparability of the processes and the discussions based on the mapping. The paper prototype was rated as a good basis for developing a digital version.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5823\" id=\"5823\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Adequate time should be planned for the cooperation, especially with regard to comprehensive consideration of the quality assurance elements of the exchange, so that it can be better understood who uses what and how (oversight). The cumulative approach related to the toolkit was considered meaningful and relieving.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0baa\" id=\"0baa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For the further development, a group responsible for processes could be formed in the Federal Government, which can take on and test new instruments in order to specifically support future-oriented approaches in legislation and to strengthen participation in democratic processes. It would be useful to extend the “Process Journey Toolkit” and expand the resulting “Legislative Cycle” presentation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d1ee\" id=\"d1ee\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Rather than using the linear presentation created during the workshop, the participants could work directly in a circular format. This would on the one hand create a visual overview and on the other hand, definitive work steps and results would be described in more detail. In national and international comparison, this type of collection, mapping and analysis of data could support the understanding and clarity of procedural quality assurance for different regulatory stakeholders.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"5b85\" id=\"5b85\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Outlook\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"10ca\" id=\"10ca\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Exploratory research for new insights or solutions requires curiosity, creativity and the desire for renewal. Especially in the field of adult education, approaches that focus on “Learning to know, to do, to be and to live together” are of great important (Delors/UNESCO 1996). Preparing the legislative workforce for current and future challenges requires skills acquisition that tends from input-oriented management approaches to output-oriented learning processes. This requires flexible learning spaces and working cultures that value personal development of potential, open organizational development, collective knowledge generation and an openness for explorative, iterative possibilities (Paulick-Thiel and Junginger 2016).\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"eebe\" id=\"eebe\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Learning to change\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"b45f\" id=\"b45f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Interesting in the accompaniment of learning processes in political-administrative organizations are the relationships between the various dimensions of knowledge and skills. The acquisition of new skills is more than the addition of different forms of knowledge, but requires a motivational, discretionary and social readiness (Weinert 2001) to learn and use different forms of knowledge to solve problems. Key and meta-skills typically include aspects of “learning to learn” and how to “handling uncertainty” (Winterton et al., 2006). In the context of Education for Sustainable Development, Germany has coined the term “design competence” (De Haan and Harenberg 1999), which is understood as the ability to apply knowledge on sustainable development and to recognize the problems of non-sustainable development, and based on that, make, understand and implement decisions with which sustainable development processes can be realized.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"ee77\" id=\"ee77\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Combining the concepts of personal and organizational development\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"52a3\" id=\"52a3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">For the acquisition of skills, a distinction can be made between passive and active learning as well as personal and social learning (Stiglitz 2000). Here, the explication of implicit knowledge and empathy as a curious and diplomatic mindset (Sennett 2012) play a central role. The more frequently an organization’s employees can describe their observations on a course of action and decide together whether that process of action is in need of improvement, the sooner existing knowledge and value potentials can be used, recombined or expanded and made effective (Heitger 2004). Alongside explicit justifications for the expansion of their repertoire, adults need evidence of personal development. In addition to the cognitive and the practical access to a topic, emotional reflection is also required (Klein and Kiehne 2011).\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"b963\" id=\"b963\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Working aids as an impulse for design\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"7a54\" id=\"7a54\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">The “Process Journey Toolkit”, developed as a working aid in the context of the expert consultation, can support organizational learning processes in a human-centered and co-creative manner if the procedure is appreciated and provided with legitimized spaces for experimentation and resources. The purpose of the work is just as important as the quality of the working atmosphere in order to develop new and robust knowledge.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"4326\" id=\"4326\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*GmTlBPxioEjr4gMLEWPOWA.png\" data-width=\"1205\" data-height=\"776\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*GmTlBPxioEjr4gMLEWPOWA.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Photo: Workshop, Federal Chancellery, Paulick-Thiel, 2017\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"93c2\" id=\"93c2\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure\">About the Author\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"76e1\" id=\"76e1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Caroline Paulick-Thiel is a strategic designer and expert in facilitating responsible innovation processes in cross-sectoral learning environments. Trained in design (BA) and in public policy (MPP), she is an expert in developing participatory and transdisciplinary processes to address public challenges. She is the co-founder of \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">nextlearning\u003C/em>, a German nonprofit association that supports societal transformation processes by fostering new learning approaches since 2012. In 2015, she initiated the non-partisan initiative \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Politics for Tomorrow\u003C/em> to focus on new approaches to public sector innovation in Germany.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3dcd\" id=\"3dcd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">She is involved in several major transformation projects promoting new models of governance in research and innovation politics and co-leading a unique research project “Daring to transform” with the Research Center for Environmental Politics at Free University Berlin. The project seeks to develop a learning program for a Federal ministry and agency in Germany that will enable their employees to initiate and promote systemic change processes with actors from all sectors.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e88f\" id=\"e88f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Caroline gives guest lectures at different universities, moderates talks for various national and international public organizations, facilitates workshops for institutions such as the Federal Chancellery, Federal Ministries and Agencies, the World Bank, The IMF, the German UNESCO Commission, research institutes or political foundations. She is a member of the Open Government Partnership civil society network and part of the Sounding Board of the GovLab Austria. For many years, she has volunteered in projects, which combine experiential learning, sustainable development and policy advice.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2792\" id=\"2792\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/caroline-paulick-thiel/\" data-href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/caroline-paulick-thiel/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.linkedin.com/in/caroline-paulick-thiel/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"54a4\" id=\"54a4\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Literature:\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"ef33\" id=\"ef33\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Argyris, C.; Schön, D. (1996). Organizational Learning II: Theory, method and practice. Reading, Mass: Addison Wesley.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"92ad\" id=\"92ad\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Bason, C.; Schneider A. (2014). Public Design in Global Perspective: Empirical Trends. In Bason C. (Hrsg.). Design for Policy. Ashgate Publishing Ltd.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"37a6\" id=\"37a6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Bason, C. (2010). Leading Public Sector Innovation. Co-Creating for a better society. Bristol: Policy Press\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"79dc\" id=\"79dc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Bason, C. (2017). Leading Public Design: Human Centered Governance. Bristol: Policy Press\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1fcd\" id=\"1fcd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Brown, T. (2009). Change by Design: How Design Thinking Transforms Organizations and Inspires Innovation. New York: Harper Collins Publishers.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"46af\" id=\"46af\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Buchanan R. (2001). Design Research and the New Learning. Design Issues Vol. 17, №4 (Autumn, 2001), pp. 3–23. The MIT Press.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d6bd\" id=\"d6bd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Buchanan, R. (1992). Wicked Problems of Design Thinking. Design Issues, Vol. VIII, Number 2 Spring 1992, pp. 5–21. The MIT Press.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5b15\" id=\"5b15\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (2017). Fortschritt durch Forschung und Innovation. Bericht zur Umsetzung der Hightech-Strategie. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bmbf.de/pub/Fortschritt_durch_Forschung_und_Innovation.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.bmbf.de/pub/Fortschritt_durch_Forschung_und_Innovation.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.bmbf.de/pub/Fortschritt_durch_Forschung_und_Innovation.pdf\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"457f\" id=\"457f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Checkland, P.; Poulter, J.; Williams, T.; Hitchins, D. K.; Hoverstadt, P., Pidd, M.; Brotby, K. (2006). Dialogue mapping: Building shared understanding of wicked problems. Chichester, UK: Wiley Publishing.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"69d9\" id=\"69d9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Design Council (2005). Eleven lessons: A Study of the Design Process. 44 (0), 1–144, S. 6 [PDF]. \u003Ca href=\"http://www.designcouncil.org.uk/sites/default/files/asset/document/ElevenLessons_Design_Council%20%282%29.pdf,\" data-href=\"http://www.designcouncil.org.uk/sites/default/files/asset/document/ElevenLessons_Design_Council%20(2).pdf,\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.designcouncil.org.uk/sites/default/files/asset/document/ElevenLessons_Design_Council%20(2).pdf,\u003C/a> letzter Zugriff Oktober 2017\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4ce6\" id=\"4ce6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Ferlie, E.; McGivern, G.; Fitzgerald, L.; Dopson, S.; Bennett, C. (2011). Public Policy Networks & Wicked Problems: A Nascent Solution?. Public Administration, 89 (2) 307–324\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d56a\" id=\"d56a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Göpel, M. (2016). The Great Mindshift: How a New Economic Paradigm and Sustainability Transformations go Hand in Hand. Springer International Publishing\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"79c5\" id=\"79c5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Haan, G. de; Harenberg, D. (1999): Bildung für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung. Gutachten zum Programm. Bonn: BLK 1999, 108 S. — (Materialien zur Bildungsplanung und zur Forschungsförderung; 72) — URN: urn:nbn:de:0111-opus-2187\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9634\" id=\"9634\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Hagan, M. (2017). Law by Design. \u003Ca href=\"http://lawbydesign.co/.\" data-href=\"http://lawbydesign.co/.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://lawbydesign.co/.\u003C/a> letzter Zugriff Oktober 2017\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e565\" id=\"e565\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Harari, Y. N. (2016). Homo deus: Eine Geschichte von Morgen. München: C. H. Beck\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"18a2\" id=\"18a2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Heitger, B. (2004). 2. Exkurs: Lernen aus systemischer Sicht. In Boos, F.; Heitger, B. (Hrsg.), Veränderungen — Systemisch. Management des Wandels — Praxis, Konzepte und Zukunft (S. 293–302). Stuttgart: Klett-Cotta.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"868e\" id=\"868e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Jacob, K.; Bär, H.; Graaf, L. (2015b): Was sind Transformationen? Begriffliche und theoretische Grundlagen zur Analyse von gesellschaftlichen Transformationen. Teilbericht 1 des Projekts Nachhaltiges Deutschland 2030 bis 2050 — Wie wollen wir in Zukunft leben? Konzeptionen und Dialogprozesse zu einem „Grand Design“ der deutschen Nachhaltigkeitsstrategie in umweltpolitischer Perspektive.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8997\" id=\"8997\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Jahn, T.; Bergmann, M.; Keil, F. (2012): Transdisciplinarity: Between mainstreaming and marginalization. Ecological Economics 79: 1–10.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2745\" id=\"2745\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Junginger, S.; Paulick-Thiel, C. (2016). Innovativ — wer wie wofür? Neue Arbeits- und Lernkulturen für eine zukunftsfähige Politikgestaltung, Jahrbuch Innovativer Staat, Berlin: Wegweiser Media\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ba2f\" id=\"ba2f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Junginger, S. (2017). Transforming Public Services by Design: Re-orienting policies, organizations and services around people. UK: Routledge\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1f6d\" id=\"1f6d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Kimbell, L. (2011). Rethinking Design Thinking: Part I. In Design and Culture. VOLUME 3, ISSUE 3, PP 285–306. UK: Berg\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5dfd\" id=\"5dfd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Klein, L.; Kiehne, A. (2011). Online-Kurs 8.1 Strukturen des organisationellen Lernens. Berlin: Humboldt-Viadrina School of Governance, Master of Public Policy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"330f\" id=\"330f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Mulder, B. (2011). Open Design for Government. In B. v. Abel, L. Evers, R. Klaassen, & P. Troxler, Open Design Now — why design cannot remain exclusive (S. 178–186). Amsterdam: BIS Publisher.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0f2e\" id=\"0f2e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Ober, S.; Paulick-Thiel, C. (2015). Zivilgesellschaft beteiligen — Perspektiven einer integrativen Forschungs- und Innovationspolitik. Working Paper. Berlin: Ministry of Environment\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ea4d\" id=\"ea4d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Rittel, H.W.J; Webber, M. (1973). Dilemmas in a General Theory of Planning. Policy Scienes 4. 155–169.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3e80\" id=\"3e80\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Schneidewind, U. (2013).Transformative Literacy. Gesellschaftliche Veränderungsprozesse verstehen und gestalten. GAIA 22/2: 82–86\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"01f4\" id=\"01f4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Sennett, R.; ebrary, I. (2012). Together: The rituals, pleasures and politics of cooperation. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c1c3\" id=\"c1c3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Smith, M. K. (2001). Chris Argyris: theories of action, double-loop learning and organizational learning. Accessed on 10. 08 2013 von the encyclopedia of informal education: \u003Ca href=\"http://www.infed.org/thinkers/argyris.htm\" data-href=\"http://www.infed.org/thinkers/argyris.htm\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">www.infed.org/thinkers/argyris.htm\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1f95\" id=\"1f95\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Stiglitz, J. (2000). Scan Globally, Reinvent Locally: Knowledge Infrastructure and the Localization of Knowledge. Keynote Address at the First Global Development Network Conference. I. In D. Stone (Hrsg.), Banking on Knowledge: The Genesis of the Global Development Network (S. 31–36). London: Routledge.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bd7a\" id=\"bd7a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">UNESCO. (1996). Learning: The Treasure Within. Paris: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2757\" id=\"2757\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Winterton J.; Delamare-Le Deist, F., Stringfellow, E. (2006). Typology of knowledge, skills and competences: clarification of the concept and prototype. Luxembourg: Cedefop.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/shaping-legislation-together-human-centered-approaches-in-the-legislative-context",{"title":2689,"description":2692},"shaping-legislation-together-human-centered-approaches-in-the-legislative-context","blogposts/shaping-legislation-together-human-centered-approaches-in-the-legislative-context","3fFXB1d3D60fHXzfAY7Ql-Dp8AR1uHiCNHap-Zki3-g",{"id":2702,"title":2703,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2704,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2705,"description":2706,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2703,"image":2707,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2708,"meta":2709,"navigation":15,"path":2710,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2711,"slug":2712,"startTime":34,"stem":2713,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2714},"blogposts/blogposts/france-president-macrons-party-engages-in-discussions-about-participatory-democracy-and.json","France: President Macrons party engages in discussions about participatory democracy and",[],"2018-07-13T21:20:31","By Nicola Forster and Ivo Scherrer","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*ydDIN5O_Rypb27d8v0DhaQ.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"c798\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"3250\" id=\"3250\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">France: President Macron’s party engages in discussions about participatory democracy and collective intelligence\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"e0b5\" id=\"e0b5\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">By Nicola Forster and Ivo Scherrer\u003C/h4>\u003Ch4 name=\"1450\" id=\"1450\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h4\">Authors:\u003C/h4>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"c970\" id=\"c970\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--h4\">\u003Ca href=\"https://global-diplomacy-lab.org/members/all/#cv-nicola-forster2\" data-href=\"https://global-diplomacy-lab.org/members/all/#cv-nicola-forster2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Nicola Forster\u003C/a>, Co-Founder of the think tank \u003Ca href=\"http://www.foraus.ch/foraus-global/\" data-href=\"http://www.foraus.ch/foraus-global/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">foraus\u003C/em>\u003C/a> & Swiss public innovation lab \u003Ca href=\"https://www.staatslabor.ch/en\" data-href=\"https://www.staatslabor.ch/en\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">staatslabor\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, @nicolaforster\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c561\" id=\"c561\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.ivo-scherrer.com/\" data-href=\"http://www.ivo-scherrer.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ivo Scherrer\u003C/a>, Economist and Co-Founder of Participatory Think Tank \u003Ca href=\"http://argothinktank.org/en/\" data-href=\"http://argothinktank.org/en/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Argo\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, @ivoscherrer\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cfigure name=\"0d14\" id=\"0d14\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*ydDIN5O_Rypb27d8v0DhaQ.jpeg\" data-width=\"720\" data-height=\"810\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*ydDIN5O_Rypb27d8v0DhaQ.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"9fc9\" id=\"9fc9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">On July 4th, the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.liberation.fr/politiques/2017/10/04/les-deputes-lrem-lancent-leur-lab-d-innovation-politique_1600840\" data-href=\"http://www.liberation.fr/politiques/2017/10/04/les-deputes-lrem-lancent-leur-lab-d-innovation-politique_1600840\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">recently founded Political Innovation Lab of “La République en Marche”\u003C/a> hosted a first \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">colloque d’innovation politique\u003C/em> at the French National Assembly. Moderated by Stephen Boucher, author of the “\u003Ca href=\"http://creativitepolitique.com/\" data-href=\"http://creativitepolitique.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Petit manuel de créativité politique\u003C/a>”, the event featured academics Prof. Hèlène Landemore (Yale University) and Prof. Lex Paulson (Sciences Po) as well as crowdsourcing practicioners from the participative think tanks \u003Ca href=\"http://argothinktank.org/en/\" data-href=\"http://argothinktank.org/en/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Argo \u003C/a>and \u003Ca href=\"http://www.foraus.ch/foraus-global/\" data-href=\"http://www.foraus.ch/foraus-global/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">foraus\u003C/em>\u003C/a>. In the audience, MPs and administration officials mingled with civic tech pioneers and social entrepreneurs to discuss the use of collective intelligence in law making.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"436c\" id=\"436c\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p\">\u003Cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\u003Ca href=\"https://twitter.com/LabLaREM/status/1014494623786561536?s=20\">\u003C/a>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cscript async=\"\" src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\">\u003C/script>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"3db5\" id=\"3db5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Mounir Mahjoubi, Secretary of State for Digital Affairs, opened the event with a pladoyer for more participative politics and invited the newly elected members of parliament to engage in a meaningful dialogue with citizens.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"90d1\" id=\"90d1\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p\">\u003Cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\u003Ca href=\"https://twitter.com/mounir/status/1014550469593780225?s=20\">\u003C/a>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cscript async=\"\" src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\">\u003C/script>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"4be8\" id=\"4be8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In her keynote address, Yale professor Hélène Landemore (author of \u003Ca href=\"https://politicalscience.yale.edu/publications/democratic-reason-politics-collective-intelligence-and-rule-many\" data-href=\"https://politicalscience.yale.edu/publications/democratic-reason-politics-collective-intelligence-and-rule-many\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">“Democratic Reason: Politics, Collective Intelligence, and the Rule of the Many”\u003C/a>) showed that engaging in inclusive deliberation can help lawmakers o benefit from the distributed intelligence and the cognitive diversity of citizens.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"2f6b\" id=\"2f6b\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p\">\u003Cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\u003Ca href=\"https://twitter.com/nicolaforster/status/1014553808603615233?s=20\">\u003C/a>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cscript async=\"\" src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\">\u003C/script>\u003C/figure>\u003Cfigure name=\"e1c3\" id=\"e1c3\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--figure\">\u003Cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\u003Ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ivoscherrer/status/1017013920404529152?s=20\">\u003C/a>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cscript async=\"\" src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\">\u003C/script>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"c978\" id=\"c978\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Sciences Po Professor Lex Paulson cited examples from around the globe (Brasil, Ireland, Iceland or Switzerland) to show how other parliaments already engage in Crowdlaw. After this, several French MPs pitched their projects on how to engage citizens and use civic tech in law making. One of them, MP Paula Forteza, who represents the Second constituency for French residents overseas (Latin America and the Caribbean) is one of the civic tech frontrunners in the French parliament and has organised a Datafin Hackathon for participatory budgeting.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"e0ce\" id=\"e0ce\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p\">\u003Cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\u003Ca href=\"https://twitter.com/LabLaREM/status/1014567080140656641\">\u003C/a>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cscript async=\"\" src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\">\u003C/script>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"06f6\" id=\"06f6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The second part of the event made use of the collective intelligence gathered in the room. Nicola Forster, founding president of the grassroots think tank \u003Ca href=\"http://www.foraus.ch/foraus-global/\" data-href=\"http://www.foraus.ch/foraus-global/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">foraus\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>and Ivo Scherrer, co-founder of the participatory think tank \u003Ca href=\"http://argothinktank.org/en/\" data-href=\"http://argothinktank.org/en/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Argo\u003C/a>, called attendees of the event to answer the following challenge : “How to better integrate French citizens in public policy with the help of civitech?” Attendees had to develop their solutions, collaborating in the framework of an \u003Ca href=\"http://crstl.io/work/open-situation-room/\" data-href=\"http://crstl.io/work/open-situation-room/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Situation Room\u003C/a>, a design thinking process of ideation, discussion and selection of ideas, designed to harness the collective wisdom of everyone for pressing questions of public policy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4617\" id=\"4617\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Open Situation Room provided a practical example of how citizens’ voices can be part of lawmaking thus linking to the examples and reflections made by Prof. Landemore and Paulson in the first part of the event. While there are many options to improve democratic participation, one conclusion was shared: there’s a lot of work to be done if policy makers want to be serious about more democratic participation.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"3bcd\" id=\"3bcd\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p\">\u003Cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\u003Ca href=\"https://twitter.com/LabLaREM/status/1014571697146605568?s=20\">\u003C/a>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cscript async=\"\" src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\">\u003C/script>\u003C/figure>\u003Cfigure name=\"c909\" id=\"c909\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--figure graf--trailing\">\u003Cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\u003Ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ArgoThinkTank/status/1014600073047658496\">\u003C/a>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cscript async=\"\" src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\">\u003C/script>\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/france-president-macrons-party-engages-in-discussions-about-participatory-democracy-and",{"title":2703,"description":2706},"france-president-macrons-party-engages-in-discussions-about-participatory-democracy-and","blogposts/france-president-macrons-party-engages-in-discussions-about-participatory-democracy-and","lkBqKMIEC0-Ni8uybpQEDlQXbYEcVolTrmz2H9rmhFk",{"id":2716,"title":2717,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2718,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2719,"description":2720,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2717,"image":2721,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2722,"meta":2723,"navigation":15,"path":2724,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2725,"slug":2726,"startTime":34,"stem":2727,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2728},"blogposts/blogposts/democratic-constitutional-design-the-icelandic-constitution-continued.json","Democratic Constitutional Design: The Icelandic Constitution continued",[],"2018-07-13T19:18:02","By Jón Ólafsson","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*Nww9e9a668JBd5y8lKDdpA.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"2641\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"e745\" id=\"e745\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Democratic Constitutional Design: The Icelandic Constitution continued\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"70b4\" id=\"70b4\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">By Jón Ólafsson\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"b3dd\" id=\"b3dd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">In 2013 the Icelandic constitutional project, which had received international attention, got stalled in the Icelandic Parliament — Althingi — before a constitutional bill was voted on. The bill had been created by the Constitutional Council — a body of 25 individually elected representatives, in a completely open and transparent process offering wide and multi-faceted public participation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d824\" id=\"d824\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Although the bill was created through an extra-parliamentary effort the current constitution requires that constitutional amendents — including passing a new constitution — are confirmed by two consecutive parliaments. In the spring of 2013 the leaders of the parties in the outgoing government — which was about to loose its majority — stopped the process rather than have parliament vote in the hope that there would be room for reaching a broader political support for constitutional revision during the next term.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2aab\" id=\"2aab\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Although little has been achieved since then, the political parties have gradually been forced to acknowledge the necessity not only of changing the constitution, but also of the need, because of how the process was begun, to engage the public in an effort to bring the project to a satisfactory– and inspiring — conclusion.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"755e\" id=\"755e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Since early this year the current government has been preparing a new constitutional process through which a complete revision of the constitution will be finished in steps over a seven year period. The draft constitution created by Constitutional Council will not be a foundational text in this process although the Council‘s work will be taken into account and in some cases its proposals may be adopted. The important lesson from earlier efforts however is the extensive public consultation which will be a part of this new process.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"bb1f\" id=\"bb1f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*Nww9e9a668JBd5y8lKDdpA.jpeg\" data-width=\"368\" data-height=\"219\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*Nww9e9a668JBd5y8lKDdpA.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"20aa\" id=\"20aa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The conference, “Democratic Constitutional Design — The Future of Public Engagement” is hosted by EDDA Research Center at the University of Iceland in cooperation with the Prime Minister‘s office, 27–29 September 2018. The conference has two main objectives. One is to create a venue for a discussion of newest developments in democratic participation and public engagement. The discussion will be a close scrutiny of past efforts in Iceland and elsewhere to base constitutional design and lawmaking on direct public input. A second objective is on the one hand to facilitate exchange between academics and policy-makers and on the other to connect academic discussion of public engagement with an informal citizens‘ meeting, which will be organized in a cooperation with political parties represented in the parliament.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ccc9\" id=\"ccc9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The timing and organization of the conference is directly linked to the newest revision plan in Iceland and the organizers expect close cooperation with the Icelandic government and with the main political parties. The first day will be devoted to democratic theory, epistemic democracy, crowdlaw and crowdsourcing. Speakers include Betty Noveck, José Luis Martí and Lawrence Lessig. The second day presents a discussion of current and recent constitutional projects in the West-Nordic region i.e. in Iceland, the Faroe Islands and Greenland, a discussion on the use of Deliberative polling in constitutional revision with a keynote talk by James Fishkin, a discussion of Constitutional revision in Ireland and presentations of a few key projects currently underway in various parts of the world. On the third day of the conference a citizen‘s meeting on constitutional revision will include expert panels and discussion on some of the key issues in the Icelandic constitutional project.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1873\" id=\"1873\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The general expectation in Iceland that a new — or a thoroughly revised — constitution must be achieved with broad public engagement raises the question what makes such engagement so important. Why not entrust this task to elected representatives in parliament who can then — if necessary — put their proposals to a national referendum? This question has two answers, one populistic and obvious, another epistemic and to many people less obvious. The first answer emphasizes public ownership of the constitution and the fact that as an independent nation Iceland has so far failed to produce a genuinely Icelandic constitution. The current constitution is closely related to the former Danish constitution and indeed was never meant to be more than a provisional constitution, created in a hurry as Icelanders founded their own republic during the German occupation of Denmark in World War II.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6ff7\" id=\"6ff7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The second answer contains a deeper argument according to which inclusive processes increase the quality of constitutional design. The conference will focus on this second argument, and on the reasons we have to believe that cognitive diversity should be seen as even more important in designing constitutions and key legislation than expert knowledge. Related questions are how representative democracy and public engagament go together (if they do), to what extent public participation can at the same time be effective and empowering for the public in general, what direct democracy entails and whether it is a threat to representative democracy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"77bb\" id=\"77bb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">The Icelandic constitutional project 2010–2013 brought no immediate reslts and was certainly flawed in many ways. Yet it has been quite influential and is even described as an iconic process. Since the Icelandic government has now begun a new revision project and intends to bring the constitutional revision to a satisfactory conclusion, the conference is also the starting point of a research project which will study the old process and critically monitor the new one, in an effort to make sure that the newest ideas and results are taken into account\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/democratic-constitutional-design-the-icelandic-constitution-continued",{"title":2717,"description":2720},"democratic-constitutional-design-the-icelandic-constitution-continued","blogposts/democratic-constitutional-design-the-icelandic-constitution-continued","TBGwKB850QKIojCG-3shf8t5lWr-w0HzgQ3UTzbnJNU",{"id":2730,"title":2731,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2732,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2733,"description":2610,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2731,"image":2734,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2735,"meta":2736,"navigation":15,"path":2737,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2738,"slug":2739,"startTime":34,"stem":2740,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2741},"blogposts/blogposts/how-collective-intelligence-could-transform-politics.json","How Collective Intelligence Could Transform Politics",[],"2018-06-26T20:17:44","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*GdhFJAFHb18LHlCwGg42Ww.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"4c64\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"134f\" id=\"134f\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">How Collective Intelligence Could Transform Politics\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"70e3\" id=\"70e3\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">By Beth Simone Noveck\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"1cb3\" id=\"1cb3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Originally appeared in print in Der Tagesspiegel (in German) on June 24. Read it online \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://causa.tagesspiegel.de/kolumnen/causa-autoren-1/wie-digitale-schwarmintelligenz-unsere-politik-veraendern-kann.html\" data-href=\"https://causa.tagesspiegel.de/kolumnen/causa-autoren-1/wie-digitale-schwarmintelligenz-unsere-politik-veraendern-kann.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"1428\" id=\"1428\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*GdhFJAFHb18LHlCwGg42Ww.jpeg\" data-width=\"600\" data-height=\"840\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*GdhFJAFHb18LHlCwGg42Ww.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Der Tagesspiegel, Berlin, 24 June 2018\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"6813\" id=\"6813\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">With the start of the current legislative session there will be important innovations in the Chancellery. With the new department for political planning and digital politics, the opportunity — nay, the imperative — will arise under the fourth Merkel government to take the lead in using the Internet to bring the collective intelligence of the German and global public to bear to make policies that are more innovative and effective.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8edc\" id=\"8edc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The idea of what I am calling “crowdlaw,” namely engaging with the public at every stage of policymaking via the Internet, differs in quantity and quality from earlier forms of public participation. It is not merely a form of better opinion polling but designed to make our public institutions smarter by obtaining more expertise.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"202e\" id=\"202e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The arc of the policymaking cycle begins, first, with the identification of problems, which can benefit from diverse and large-scale input from those with lived experience. In fact, it is an optimal time to learn about the problems as experienced by diverse members of society, especially those who are the most disadvantaged and may otherwise lack ways to inform the lawmaking process. This is already happening in Taiwan. The vTaiwan experimental e-consultation platform enables the broader public to participate in an ongoing process of problem identification. vTaiwan is method for enabling people to flesh out and define a problem posed by the government. So far, 26 national issues, including the regulation of telemedicine, online education, telework, company law and Uber, have been discussed with over 200,000 people participating.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8ceb\" id=\"8ceb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">But, solving problems once identified, requires a different form of know-how. It demands innovative and creative and workable solutions. Here credentialed expertise from diverse sources might come more into play (as well as the value judgment about which solutions to prioritize). Better Reykjavik is an open forum web platform for “idea generation” and “policy crowdsourcing” for citizens to present and discuss ideas related to the services and operations of the City of Reykjavik. The website, which has been used by 20% of Iceland’s population, and over half of those registered on the site use it regularly.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e12c\" id=\"e12c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Producing a written policy proposal demands a different skill set and those with talent for, interest in and ability to write, which need not necessarily be the same people as those who want to spot problems or imagine solutions. France wrote its Internet law in 2015 with online public collaboration. The Secretary of State praised the quality of the opinions submitted to the Government and the collaboration with the administrative authorities during production of the bill.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"07ac\" id=\"07ac\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Policymaking often ends with enactment. Yet the Internet offers a way to engage the public in evaluating what’s working. In Brazil, a decree passed in 2007 ensures that public schools have the autonomy needed to spend funds assigned to them by the federal district for maintaining and operating the school. Yet, audits conducted in random municipalities by the national comptroller have shown that there are deficiencies in school infrastructure quality across the country. Therefore, in 2016, the comptroller launched an experimental project called the Projeto Controladoria na Escola to engage students in 10 public schools in Brasilia in the process of auditing school infrastructure, mapping commonly raised issues and fostering civic education in schools. In one school alone, the students identified 115 issues and within just 3 months 45% of the issues were fixed either by the department of education or, where possible, by the students and school management themselves.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b961\" id=\"b961\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Over the next fifty years, we will face challenges greater than any previous generation, and we will need to run our institutions differently if we are to be able to respond quickly and effectively. People may not be conversant in the politics, but they do possess expertise in spades. Those who govern need to tap into that know-how, not occasionally, but continuously, using crowdlaw processes to make use of our collective intelligence at every step of the way to transform governing from a political sport into a practical exercise in problem-solving.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/how-collective-intelligence-could-transform-politics",{"title":2731,"description":2610},"how-collective-intelligence-could-transform-politics","blogposts/how-collective-intelligence-could-transform-politics","LQMpwpE-l09y12KwlokP4GK7aeWUeMQKIwdImcGPY0s",{"id":2743,"title":2744,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2745,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2746,"description":2747,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2744,"image":2748,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2749,"meta":2750,"navigation":15,"path":2751,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2752,"slug":2753,"startTime":34,"stem":2754,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2755},"blogposts/blogposts/data-stewards-data-leadership-to-address-21st-century-challenges.json","Data Stewards: Data Leadership to Address 21st Century Challenges",[],"2018-06-12T14:14:49","Identifying and connecting leaders within the private sector to increase the responsible use of data for good","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*xs04dkLNB5_K0-X24jJ4FQ.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"1e85\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"5922\" id=\"5922\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*xs04dkLNB5_K0-X24jJ4FQ.png\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"452\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*xs04dkLNB5_K0-X24jJ4FQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"f2a4\" id=\"f2a4\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">Data Stewards: Data Leadership to Address 21st Century Challenges\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"6a24\" id=\"6a24\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Identifying and connecting leaders within the private sector to increase the responsible use of data for good\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7ed4\" id=\"7ed4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@sverhulst/data-stewards-data-leadership-to-address-21st-century-challenges-3e956ecd7891\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@sverhulst/data-stewards-data-leadership-to-address-21st-century-challenges-3e956ecd7891\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">By Stefaan G. Verhulst\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"70d4\" id=\"70d4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We live in challenging times. From climate change to terrorism, the difficulties confronting policy makers are unprecedented in their variety, but also in their complexity. Our existing policy tool kit seems stale and outdated. Increasingly, it is clear, we need not only new solutions but also \u003Ca href=\"https://www.opendemocracy.net/stefaan-g-verhulst/from-resistance-to-reimagining-governance-6-shifts-that-can-improve-way-we-solve-\" data-href=\"https://www.opendemocracy.net/stefaan-g-verhulst/from-resistance-to-reimagining-governance-6-shifts-that-can-improve-way-we-solve-\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">new methods for arriving at solutions\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"54d1\" id=\"54d1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Data, and new methods for organizations to collaborate in order to extract insights from data, is likely to become more central to meeting these challenges. We live in a quantified era. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.domo.com/learn/data-never-sleeps-5?aid=ogsm072517_1&sf100871281=1\" data-href=\"https://www.domo.com/learn/data-never-sleeps-5?aid=ogsm072517_1&sf100871281=1\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">It is estimated\u003C/a> that 90% of the world’s data was generated in the last two years — from which entirely new inferences can be extracted and applied to help address some of today’s most vexing problems.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5e25\" id=\"5e25\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In particular, the vast streams of data generated through digital transactions, mobile phones, social media platforms, GPS devices and other sensors, when analyzed responsibly, can offer insights into societal patterns and behaviors. These insights could be harnessed to inform decision-making, solve policy issues, provide for new scientific insights, enable more targeted interventions and improve public service delivery. At the same time, large datasets create their own problems — of complexity and noise, risks to privacy and security, and the potential to have a disparate impact on already vulnerable populations.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d598\" id=\"d598\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">One of the greatest tasks of our era may be figuring out how to unlock and harness the value of this data to provide actionable insights for positive social and economic impacts.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"bf0c\" id=\"bf0c\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">How to harness the potential of private data toward public ends?\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"e980\" id=\"e980\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Over the last two years, we have focused on the opportunities (and challenges) surrounding what we call “\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">data collaboratives\u003C/a>.” Data collaboratives are an emerging form of public-private partnership, in which information held by companies (or other entities) is shared with the public sector, civil society groups, research institutes and international organizations. These entities — a new form of collaboration for the data age — have now been tried out across sectors, and around the world. \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/mobile-positioning-for-tourism-statistics.html\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/mobile-positioning-for-tourism-statistics.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">In Estonia\u003C/a>, anonymized mobile phone data is being used to understand the volume of tourism and foreign workers, and to tailor government services and transport options to them accordingly. \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/tracking-malaria-in-namibia-with-cell-phone-data.html\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/tracking-malaria-in-namibia-with-cell-phone-data.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">In Namibia\u003C/a>, satellite imagery and telecom businesses are sharing data to help track the spread of malaria. Data collaborative-type entities have also emerged in sectors as varied as \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/intels-big-data-for-precision-farming.html\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/intels-big-data-for-precision-farming.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">agriculture\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/mapping-snow-melting-in-the-sierra-nevada.html\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/mapping-snow-melting-in-the-sierra-nevada.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">climate change mitigation\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://ssir.org/articles/entry/the_potential_and_practice_of_data_collaboratives_for_migration\" data-href=\"https://ssir.org/articles/entry/the_potential_and_practice_of_data_collaboratives_for_migration\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">migration\u003C/a>, economic development, and \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/measuring-poverty-from-space.html\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/measuring-poverty-from-space.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">poverty alleviation\u003C/a>, among many others.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"631b\" id=\"631b\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*hE328heFa7zdJ24jZNYsFA.png\" data-width=\"1514\" data-height=\"802\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*hE328heFa7zdJ24jZNYsFA.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://datacollaboratives.org/\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"6021\" id=\"6021\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">For all its promise, the practice of data collaboratives remains ad hoc and limited. In part, this is a result of the lack of a well-defined, professionalized concept of data stewardship within corporations that has a mandate to explore ways to harness the potential of their data towards positive public ends.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cecb\" id=\"cecb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Today, each attempt to establish a cross-sector partnership built on the analysis of private-sector data requires significant and time-consuming efforts, and businesses rarely have personnel tasked with undertaking such efforts and making relevant decisions.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7195\" id=\"7195\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As a consequence, the process of establishing data collaboratives and leveraging privately held data for evidence-based policy making and service delivery is onerous, generally one-off, not informed by best practices or any shared knowledge base, and prone to dissolution when the champions involved move on to other functions.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5723\" id=\"5723\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">By establishing data stewardship as a corporate function, recognized and trusted within corporations as a valued responsibility, and by creating the methods and tools needed for responsible data-sharing, the practice of data collaboratives can become regularized, predictable, and de-risked.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"b69f\" id=\"b69f\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Datastewards.net\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"49bf\" id=\"49bf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">With support from the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.hewlett.org/strategy/citizen-voices-and-evidence-informed-policy/\" data-href=\"https://www.hewlett.org/strategy/citizen-voices-and-evidence-informed-policy/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hewlett Foundation\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the GovLab\u003C/a> has embarked on a project called \u003Ca href=\"https://datastewards.net/\" data-href=\"https://datastewards.net/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Datastewards.net\u003C/a> toward conceptualizing and professionalizing data stewardship (and the use of data collaboratives) and establishing well-defined data responsibility approaches. \u003Ca href=\"http://www.brightfrontgroup.com/\" data-href=\"http://www.brightfrontgroup.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Brightfront\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"http://www.weareadapt.io/\" data-href=\"http://www.weareadapt.io/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Adapt\u003C/a> are our operational partners.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f4fd\" id=\"f4fd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To take stock of current practice and scope needs and opportunities we held a small yet in-depth kick-off event at the offices of the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cloudera.com/more/news-and-blogs/press-releases/2017-09-26-new-cloudera-foundation-data-analytics-machine-learning-improve-peoples-lives.html\" data-href=\"https://www.cloudera.com/more/news-and-blogs/press-releases/2017-09-26-new-cloudera-foundation-data-analytics-machine-learning-improve-peoples-lives.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Cloudera Foundation\u003C/a> in San Francisco on May 8th 2018 that was attended by representatives from Linkedin, Facebook, Uber, Mastercard, DigitalGlobe, Cognizant, Streetlight Data, the World Economic Forum, and Nethope — among others.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"781f\" id=\"781f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Participants described their experiences with data collaboration, mapped key opportunities and challenges, and also discussed the roles and responsibilities of “data stewards” — groups or individuals within corporations responsible for how data is collected, stored and used, and upon whose decisions the ultimate success or failure of data collaboratives often depend.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"6d79\" id=\"6d79\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*punK5OtQmjVeRxaxThIjRQ.png\" data-width=\"2184\" data-height=\"1010\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*punK5OtQmjVeRxaxThIjRQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"40ca\" id=\"40ca\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure\">Four Key Take Aways\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"fb71\" id=\"fb71\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">The discussions were varied and wide-ranging.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"09b3\" id=\"09b3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Several reflected on the risks involved — including the risks of NOT sharing or collaborating on privately held data that could improve people’s lives (and in some occasions save lives).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a272\" id=\"a272\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Others warned that the window of opportunity to increase the practice of data collaboratives may be closing — given new regulatory requirements and other barriers that may disincentivize corporations from engaging with third parties around their data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b03d\" id=\"b03d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Ultimately four key take aways emerged. These areas — at the nexus of opportunities and challenges — are worth considering further, because they help us better understand both the potential and limitations of data collaboratives.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0585\" id=\"0585\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--hasDropCapModel graf--hasDropCap graf-after--p\">\u003Cspan class=\"graf-dropCap\">1\u003C/span>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Maturity: \u003C/strong>Attendees pointed out that the field of data collaboratives is fledgling, still ill-defined, and that this poses certain challenges to more widespread adoption.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1af2\" id=\"1af2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In particular, awareness among the public at large is limited, which leads to ambivalence or even outright suspicion. Corporations themselves also often don’t appreciate the value of sharing data (or, like the public, remain skeptical), which similarly limits the amounts of private data that are shared or made available for the public good. There often exist confusion or a lack of understanding on how to pursue the aims of public good in the context of a profit driven business model.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b5c4\" id=\"b5c4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In addition, conference attendees pointed out that both holders and recipients of data often lack the requisite skills or resources to adequately use and maximize the potential of shared information. Increasing human and technical capacity — along with raising general awareness — is therefore critical to expanding the use of data collaboratives. More generally, the field requires more research, and a better, shared understanding of what works, and what doesn’t.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a841\" id=\"a841\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--hasDropCapModel graf--hasDropCap graf-after--p\">\u003Cspan class=\"graf-dropCap\">2\u003C/span>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Transaction Costs: \u003C/strong>Conference\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> \u003C/strong>participants also pointed to the high transaction costs (not limited to financial costs) faced by both sharers and recipients of data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2c19\" id=\"2c19\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">These can take the form of costs of preparing data; identifying and vetting potential partners; de-risking data (e.g., to ensure privacy); and of negotiating both the legal and commercial terms of sharing between participants.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d181\" id=\"d181\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Technical interoperability can also be an issue; data accessibility and usability remain key challenges.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8c8b\" id=\"8c8b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Importantly, transaction costs are especially burdensome for small businesses and other entities that are often under-funded, or under-resourced in other ways. Eliminating or mitigating these transaction costs is therefore essential not only to more widely disseminating data collaboratives, but also to ensuring a level playing field that may widen the scope for innovation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d6eb\" id=\"d6eb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--hasDropCapModel graf--hasDropCap graf-after--p\">\u003Cspan class=\"graf-dropCap\">3\u003C/span>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Scaling:\u003C/strong> Despite lessons learned from existing examples, it is often difficult to scale or replicate data collaboratives. What works in one instance frequently seems to be less successful in another. A promising small-scale sharing project may have trouble spreading its wings to include new and more data. These are all key issues to be dealt with if the potential of data sharing is to be realized.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"418e\" id=\"418e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In order to overcome these challenges, participants suggested the need for new unified brokerage platforms in which there will be mechanisms that could help groups find new opportunities or identify new partners for collaboration.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"13a9\" id=\"13a9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Pooling of efforts, expertise and experience is perceived as essential, especially for smaller groups that lack the necessary resources.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d8ed\" id=\"d8ed\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Overall, there remains a clear need for best practices and standardized pathways that can help guide small, incipient projects into larger, more successful — and more socially resonant — collaborations.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cebb\" id=\"cebb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">And finally, there is a need buy-in from senior leadership at the C-level — leaders with a mandate to make decisions and set direction — to embrace the opportunity, set an example, and take responsibility for leveraging data for public good.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a21a\" id=\"a21a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--hasDropCapModel graf--hasDropCap graf-after--p\">\u003Cspan class=\"graf-dropCap\">4\u003C/span>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Community of practice:\u003C/strong> Finally, there was broad consensus at the conference on the need for a well-established community of practice and expertise where current and future data stewards could share experiences and resources. Such an environment, which could take the form of either formal or informal structures, would offer a safe environment for practitioners to trade stories, tools and lessons.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e6a6\" id=\"e6a6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Some called for the creation of a repository that would include a collection of existing MOUs, contract language, and legal frameworks, as well as a mapping of firms pioneering data uses for public good.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"af1c\" id=\"af1c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Furthermore, senior leadership from the private sector could assume ownership of such collaborations and recognize that the value of their data can be leveraged for public good without compromising their operational objectives.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"8b8f\" id=\"8b8f\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Next Steps\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"aae8\" id=\"aae8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Moving forward we will further explore the various forms and manifestations that such a community could take, toward the \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">launch of a first-of-its-kind\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://datastewards.net/\" data-href=\"https://datastewards.net/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data Stewards Network\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> in the next few months. To bring together and support this community of responsible data leaders, in the immediate term, we will:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"5a65\" id=\"5a65\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Continue outreach and identification of individuals and businesses acting as innovators in the data collaboratives space to build a directory of key actors and develop the community of practice;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"bfc0\" id=\"bfc0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Expand our analysis of roles and practices of data stewardship toward a definition that is informed by practice and need;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"11f2\" id=\"11f2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Conduct targeted engagement and fact-finding efforts with data stewards and their peers to bolster our understanding of their needs, challenges, and areas of opportunity;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f5ba\" id=\"f5ba\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Develop a set of tools, including for instance a data stewardship project gallery and directory, aimed at sharing knowledge and empowering those working to unlock the societal value of private sector data;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b86a\" id=\"b86a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Develop a repository of existing MOUs, data sharing agreements and standard contract language;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9ab0\" id=\"9ab0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Develop the contours of a data responsibility framework and decision tree that can help actors (especially SMEs) to develop data collaboratives projects;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8508\" id=\"8508\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Identify and design new ways to broker relationships and collaborations between data supply and demand actors;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5323\" id=\"5323\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Organize a “data-stewards of the year” event to “name and fame” committed practitioners; and\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"cf43\" id=\"cf43\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Organize a series of meetings and workshops with the Data Stewards Network around the world toward bringing additional data stewards to the table (including, for instance, representatives from small and medium-sized enterprises, or previously under-represented regions) and identifying ways to mobilize the Network to address specific challenges and strengthen communication to maximize learning and adoption of Data Stewardship practice.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"1643\" id=\"1643\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">All of the above will eventually be shared at our dedicated site at \u003Ca href=\"https://datastewards.net/\" data-href=\"https://datastewards.net/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">datastewards.net\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--outsetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"725b\" id=\"725b\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--layoutOutsetCenter graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*6Iq-lH8r4-cANENSR8S4cg.png\" data-width=\"2154\" data-height=\"252\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/1200/1*6Iq-lH8r4-cANENSR8S4cg.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"092d\" id=\"092d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">With the creation of key infrastructure and pathways for collaboration, learning and best practices in data stewardship, we anticipate reducing barriers and unlocking new, scaled beneficial partnerships between the private and the public sector — including public officials, civil society, researchers, and international organizations. Working together, data provided by and about communities can have a clear mechanism to return value to the population, directly improving their quality of life.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b3c8\" id=\"b3c8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We encourage members of the nascent data stewards ecosystem to get in touch with me or through \u003Ca href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\" data-href=\"mailto:datastewards@thegovlab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">datastewards@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>, so that we can collaborate together to move forward the field of practice for all.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cb29\" id=\"cb29\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">(Thanks to Andrew Young, Rose Shuman, Mita Paramita, Claudia Juech, Sarah Lucas and Kara Selke for their input to this blog post)\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/data-stewards-data-leadership-to-address-21st-century-challenges",{"title":2744,"description":2747},"data-stewards-data-leadership-to-address-21st-century-challenges","blogposts/data-stewards-data-leadership-to-address-21st-century-challenges","lg-YQWU0PfSNK8GHklcQq89S4GGqR7YItZTLs4-3zCE",{"id":2757,"title":2758,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2759,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2760,"description":2761,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2758,"image":2762,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2763,"meta":2764,"navigation":15,"path":2765,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2766,"slug":2767,"startTime":34,"stem":2768,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2769},"blogposts/blogposts/crowdlaw-manifesto.json","CrowdLaw Manifesto",[],"2018-05-28T11:44:19","A statement of 12 principles for online, participatory lawmaking.","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*dpgJNfAn36nPh8RzpaTtRg.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"bbea\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"1a88\" id=\"1a88\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">CrowdLaw Manifesto\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"9206\" id=\"9206\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">A statement of 12 principles for online, participatory lawmaking.\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"5829\" id=\"5829\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*dpgJNfAn36nPh8RzpaTtRg.jpeg\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"450\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*dpgJNfAn36nPh8RzpaTtRg.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"2b32\" id=\"2b32\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">At the \u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-people-led-innovation-in-urban-lawmaking-868dd31d32a2\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-people-led-innovation-in-urban-lawmaking-868dd31d32a2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center\u003C/a> this spring, \u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-interviews-the-future-of-participatory-law-making-2d242ca72257\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-interviews-the-future-of-participatory-law-making-2d242ca72257\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">assembled participants\u003C/a> met to discuss CrowdLaw, namely how to use technology to improve the quality and effectiveness of law and policymaking through greater public engagement. We put together and signed 12 principles to promote the use of CrowdLaw by local legislatures and national parliaments, calling for legislatures, technologists and the public to participate in creating more open and participatory lawmaking practices. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">We invite you to sign the Manifesto at \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"http://manifesto.crowd.law\" data-href=\"http://manifesto.crowd.law\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">manifesto.crowd.law\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"43da\" id=\"43da\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This post was updated on September 12, 2018 to include the link to CrowdLaw manifesto\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/crowdlaw-manifesto",{"title":2758,"description":2761},"crowdlaw-manifesto","blogposts/crowdlaw-manifesto","FxQHkPs8XEe89FSlquLhU6GBuWhb2tiUCk5F6RNR1v4",{"id":2771,"title":2772,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2773,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2774,"description":2429,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2772,"image":2775,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2776,"meta":2777,"navigation":15,"path":2778,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2779,"slug":2780,"startTime":34,"stem":2781,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2782},"blogposts/blogposts/crowdlaw-communique-spring-edition.json","CrowdLaw Communique: Spring Edition",[],"2018-05-10T20:27:39","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*uEP5ENKvUQY_6jWT.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"18a5\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"432a\" id=\"432a\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*uEP5ENKvUQY_6jWT.png\" data-width=\"100\" data-height=\"28\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*uEP5ENKvUQY_6jWT.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"040d\" id=\"040d\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">CrowdLaw Communiqué: Spring Edition\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"8756\" id=\"8756\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">A quarterly newsletter on open and participatory public-decisionmaking\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"7bf2\" id=\"7bf2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Subscribe to the CrowdLaw Communiqué \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=806638238e\" data-href=\"https://thegovlab.us6.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=1a990feb5c&id=806638238e\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"2e43\" id=\"2e43\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*H12RF7-fawss11Id.png\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"421\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*H12RF7-fawss11Id.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"2146\" id=\"2146\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Designed for interested public officials, technologists, politicians and researchers, the CrowdLaw Communiqué features curated news, interviews, announcements, and recommended readings on the evolution of law and policymaking processes for the 21st century.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"def3\" id=\"def3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">To share a story, please email us at crowdlaw@thegovlab.org\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"032d\" id=\"032d\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">IN THIS ISSUE\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"ddd0\" id=\"ddd0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">1. From the CrowdLaw Blog\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#blog\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#blog\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Legislature 2.0\u003C/a> by Beth Simone Noveck\u003Cbr>\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#blog\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#blog\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw as a Tool for Open Governance\u003C/a> by Mukelani Dimba\u003Cbr>\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#noveck\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#noveck\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Transparency and Participation \u003C/a>by Julia Keutgen\u003Cbr>\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#dimba\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#dimba\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Legitimacy and the Quality of Lawmaking\u003C/a> by José Luis Martí\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9794\" id=\"9794\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">2. The CrowdLaw Library\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#library\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#library\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Curated selected readings\u003C/a> on CrowdLaw\u003Cbr>\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#selected_readings\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#selected_readings\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Open Parliament in the Age of the Internet\u003C/a> by Cristiano Ferri Faria (Free E-Book)\u003Cbr>\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#selected_readings\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#selected_readings\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Not So Funny\u003C/a> by Alexander Stille in the New York Review of Books\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"aaec\" id=\"aaec\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">3. What We’re Watching\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#interviews\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#interviews\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw Interviews\u003C/a> featuring 18 global experts on CrowdLaw\u003Cbr>\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#robert\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#robert\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NCCD “Tech Tuesday”\u003C/a> call with Robert Bjarnason- Citizens Foundation, Iceland. \u003Cbr>\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#ferri\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#ferri\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">An interview with Beth Simone Noveck\u003C/a>: Cristiano Ferri Faria interviews Beth Noveck on the present and future of participatory lawmaking\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"eb74\" id=\"eb74\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">4. Announcements\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#conference\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#conference\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Call for papers\u003C/a> now open for CONSULCON 2018 in Madrid\u003Cbr>\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#conference\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#conference\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Call for papers\u003C/a> now open for the IOPD Conference in Barcelona\u003Cbr>\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#conference\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#conference\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Cities for Life\u003C/a> event on Thursday, May 10 in Brooklyn, NY\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6c7e\" id=\"6c7e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">5. Follow \u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\u003Ca href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#follow\" data-href=\"https://mailchi.mp/thegovlab/crowdlaw-communique#follow\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The CrowdLaw Twitter list\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"f254\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch4 name=\"97b6\" id=\"97b6\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">1. CROWDLAW BLOG\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"63d2\" id=\"63d2\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*HBjxBrCS53QwjBsw.jpeg\" data-width=\"1024\" data-height=\"768\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*HBjxBrCS53QwjBsw.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"bc7a\" id=\"bc7a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Legislature 2.0\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>By Beth Simone Noveck\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Professor NYU and Director,\u003Cbr>The Governance Lab\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"14e8\" id=\"14e8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/legislature-2-0-crowdlaw-and-the-future-of-lawmaking-2788f6cc211d\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/legislature-2-0-crowdlaw-and-the-future-of-lawmaking-2788f6cc211d\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" title=\"Read More\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Read More\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"0b9c\" id=\"0b9c\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*oj1xSYwcR45sDYI3.jpeg\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"600\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*oj1xSYwcR45sDYI3.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"8571\" id=\"8571\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">CrowdLaw: Transparency and Participation\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>By Julia Keutgen\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Technical Advisor, Westminster Foundation for Democracy\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4d49\" id=\"4d49\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-transparency-and-participation-1c94e1a8aacc\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-transparency-and-participation-1c94e1a8aacc\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" title=\"Read More\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Read More\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"2d35\" id=\"2d35\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*748dr6k7cVwT8hvG.png\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"600\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*748dr6k7cVwT8hvG.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"b8e4\" id=\"b8e4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">CrowdLaw as a Tool for\u003Cbr>Open Governance\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>By Mukelani Dimba\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Co-Chair, Open Government Partnership\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"952d\" id=\"952d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-as-a-tool-for-open-governance-bb2228115c55\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-as-a-tool-for-open-governance-bb2228115c55\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" title=\"Read More\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Read More\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"74d7\" id=\"74d7\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*PDC7Lvs1za2sBIN2.jpeg\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"600\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*PDC7Lvs1za2sBIN2.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"acc0\" id=\"acc0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Legitimacy and the Quality of Lawmaking\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>By José Luis Martí\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Professor of Law,\u003Cbr>Pompeu Fabra University\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"aef4\" id=\"aef4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-legitimacy-and-the-quality-of-lawmaking-58f90d16ee81\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-legitimacy-and-the-quality-of-lawmaking-58f90d16ee81\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" title=\"Read More\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Read More\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"db16\" id=\"db16\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">2. CROWDLAW LIBRARY\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"a99c\" id=\"a99c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--h4\">A curated list of \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-crowdlaw/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-crowdlaw/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">ten recommended academic articles\u003C/a> on CrowdLaw compiled by The GovLab.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3596\" id=\"3596\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">For \u003Ca href=\"http://ogrx.org/categories/crowdlaw.html\" data-href=\"http://ogrx.org/categories/crowdlaw.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">more readings\u003C/a> on crowdlaw, visit the \u003Ca href=\"http://ogrx.org/\" data-href=\"http://ogrx.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Governance Research Exchange\u003C/a>, a repository of selected publications on Open Governance, Open Data, Citizen Engagement and much more.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cfigure name=\"9119\" id=\"9119\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*j2cnX3xTSmgfAvfi.jpg\" data-width=\"189\" data-height=\"220\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*j2cnX3xTSmgfAvfi.jpg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"c640\" id=\"c640\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Not So Funny\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Alexander Stille\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> discusses FSM’s use and misuse of digital engagement tools\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">New York Review of Books (\u003C/em>May 10, 2018)\u003Cbr>Read the article \u003Ca href=\"http://www.nybooks.com/articles/2018/05/10/beppe-grillo-not-so-funny/\" data-href=\"http://www.nybooks.com/articles/2018/05/10/beppe-grillo-not-so-funny/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"1df4\" id=\"1df4\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*Gm5rbUtdPCvGVIl4.png\" data-width=\"146\" data-height=\"220\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Gm5rbUtdPCvGVIl4.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"4704\" id=\"4704\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Open Parliament in the Age of the Internet\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>By Cristiano Ferri Faria\u003Cbr>Download the book \u003Ca href=\"http://parlamericas.org/uploads/documents/Open-parliament-in-the-age-of-the-internet-en.pdf\" data-href=\"http://parlamericas.org/uploads/documents/Open-parliament-in-the-age-of-the-internet-en.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"51a0\" id=\"51a0\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">3. WHAT WE’RE WATCHING\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"195e\" id=\"195e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">CrowdLaw Interviews\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>Professor Victòria Alsina asked participants at the Rockefeller Foundation sponsored CrowdLaw conference in Bellagio, Italy in March 2018 about the impact of technology of lawmaking. Watch \u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kvtw8KyBpu4&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kvtw8KyBpu4&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"0a3f\" id=\"0a3f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*5Mgdcj3b7JqEi0yW.png\" data-width=\"533\" data-height=\"300\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*5Mgdcj3b7JqEi0yW.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"6dfb\" id=\"6dfb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Robert Bjarnason\u003C/strong>, Co-Founder of Iceland’s Citizens Foundation spoke with The National Coalition for Dialogue and Deliberation (NCCD) as part of their “Tech Tuesday” series to discuss how new open source tools and more democratic processes improve public participation in government. Watch the full video \u003Ca href=\"https://recordings.join.me/wLG_C7BriUC_BGlZo7nyWw\" data-href=\"https://recordings.join.me/wLG_C7BriUC_BGlZo7nyWw\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"bf4f\" id=\"bf4f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*RRTi1_Vz-rexjy75.png\" data-width=\"1035\" data-height=\"602\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*RRTi1_Vz-rexjy75.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"f058\" id=\"f058\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Cristiano Ferri Faria\u003C/strong>, Director of the HackerLab in the Brazilian House of Deputies interviewed Professor Beth Simone Noveck about CrowdLaw and some of the challenges it faces. You can watch the full interview \u003Ca href=\"https://youtu.be/SYielX9Omys\" data-href=\"https://youtu.be/SYielX9Omys\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"25aa\" id=\"25aa\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*EgwJwORf_0Cujeku.png\" data-width=\"640\" data-height=\"360\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*EgwJwORf_0Cujeku.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"290a\" id=\"290a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">4. ANNOUNCEMENTS\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"a05f\" id=\"a05f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">CONSULCON18\u003C/strong> is two days of collaborative work and technical conferences organized by Medialab-Prado around CONSUL, the largest participation platform in the world based on Ruby on Rails. The conference recently made an open call for papers to encourage those with participation experience or research related to CONSUL to share their story in Madrid. CONSULCON18 will take place in Madrid from November 22–24, 2018. To submit a proposal, click \u003Ca href=\"http://consulcon.org/\" data-href=\"http://consulcon.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5672\" id=\"5672\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> International Observatory on Participatory Democracy\u003C/strong> will host its annual conference from November 26–28 in in Barcelona, Spain. This year’s conference is based on exploring citizen initiatives and direct democracy as ways of encouraging inclusive participation. To submit a proposal, click \u003Ca href=\"https://oidp.net/en/18conference.php\" data-href=\"https://oidp.net/en/18conference.php\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6c4e\" id=\"6c4e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://carto.com/\" data-href=\"https://carto.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CARTO\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.rutanmedellin.org/en/\" data-href=\"https://www.rutanmedellin.org/en/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">RutaN\u003C/a> and the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.c-knowledge.co/\" data-href=\"http://www.c-knowledge.co/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Knowledge Economy Initiative\u003C/a> have partnered to organize \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Cities for Life: Solving Urban Challenges Through Innovative Collaboration \u003C/strong>on Thursday, May 10. For more information and to register for the event, visit\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://go.carto.com/cities-for-life\" data-href=\"https://go.carto.com/cities-for-life\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://go.carto.com/cities-for-life\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"7391\" id=\"7391\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">5. FOLLOW\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"4c9e\" id=\"4c9e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">The GovLab created a Twitter list of the who’s who in the field of participatory lawmaking from around the world. Check out the list \u003Ca href=\"http://FOLLOW!%20We%20created%20a%20twitter%20list%20of%20the%20who%27s%20who%20in%20the%20field%20of%20participatory%20lawmaking%20from%20around%20the%20world.%20Check%20out%20the%20list%20here!%20For%20more%20information%20about%20CrowdLaw,%20visit%20crowd.law\" data-href=\"http://FOLLOW! We created a twitter list of the who's who in the field of participatory lawmaking from around the world. Check out the list here! For more information about CrowdLaw, visit crowd.law\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>!\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"92c6\" id=\"92c6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">For more information about CrowdLaw,\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\"> visit \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://crowd.law/\" data-href=\"http://crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">crowd.law\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\"> and \u003C/em>follow us on Twitter at \u003Ca href=\"https://twitter.com/TheGovLab\" data-href=\"https://twitter.com/TheGovLab\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">@thegovlab\u003C/em>\u003C/a> and on Facebook at \u003Ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/thegovlab\" data-href=\"https://www.facebook.com/thegovlab\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">fb.com/thegovlab\u003C/a>.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d781\" id=\"d781\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li graf--trailing\">To share a story, please email us at crowdlaw@thegovlab.org.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/crowdlaw-communique-spring-edition",{"title":2772,"description":2429},"crowdlaw-communique-spring-edition","blogposts/crowdlaw-communique-spring-edition","6t70BuEwszNdw1j8QP3049F_3eflH4BL7u6VlJa5aKY",{"id":2784,"title":2785,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2786,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2787,"description":2788,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2785,"image":2789,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2790,"meta":2791,"navigation":15,"path":2792,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2793,"slug":2794,"startTime":34,"stem":2795,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2796},"blogposts/blogposts/crowdlaw-experiences-in-south-america.json","Crowdlaw Experiences in South America",[],"2018-04-30T21:55:31","By Dr. Mayra Feddersen, Law School Professor, Adolfo Ibañez University","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*CcBduTRa5EvMq0lIzZFtgw.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"09d5\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"0659\" id=\"0659\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Crowdlaw Experiences in South America\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"d596\" id=\"d596\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">By Dr. Mayra Feddersen, Law School Professor, Adolfo Ibañez University\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"393a\" id=\"393a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">In the 21st century, digital technologies are creating opportunities for reshaping traditional forms of public deliberation. On April 18, 2018, the Chilean House of Representatives, together with Adolfo Ibañez University’s GobLab and School of Journalism, organized a conference on crowdlaw: citizenship participation in the legislative process. The keynote speakers were Dr. Cristiano Ferri Soeres and Paulo Enrique Araujo.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5354\" id=\"5354\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Veronica Seguel, head of the Access of Information Unit inside the Chilean House, initiated the conference in front of a heterogeneous audience composed of Chilean deputies, public officials, politicians, academics, students and other civil servants. She opened the discussion by citing book three of Aristotle’s Politics. She quoted, “… being many, each one contributes a part of virtue and prudence and, when coming together, the mass becomes a single man of many feet, of many hands and with many senses; and the same goes for characters and intelligence.” Maria Paz Hermosilla, Director of GobLab UAI, complemented this inspiring introduction with a few observations from her insightful experience on crowdlaw.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"1f10\" id=\"1f10\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*CcBduTRa5EvMq0lIzZFtgw.jpeg\" data-width=\"1280\" data-height=\"853\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*CcBduTRa5EvMq0lIzZFtgw.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"6df9\" id=\"6df9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The main speaker continued. Dr. Ferri spoke about his experience inside the Brazilian House of Representatives. In 2013, Dr. Ferri created a laboratory called Lab Hacker whose objective was to develop digital applications to foster a culture of transparency and social participation in the legislative discussion within the Brazilian lower house. Among his activities, he highlighted the legislative marathons to generate digital applications of social participation for parliaments and the implementation of e-democracy, a platform that promotes citizenship participation through chats, forums, wikis and other digital applications.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b5c0\" id=\"b5c0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The results are promising. However, Dr. Ferri tells us, “digital tools do not replace legislative deliberation. They complement it.” With these applications, we seek to improve the production of laws. We try to include instances of direct citizenship participation in the legislative process. His aim is to benefit the legislative process with the collective intelligence that emerges from these collective forms of participation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"714b\" id=\"714b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A Q&A followed Dr. Ferri, and Paulo Henrique Arrau answered questions from the public. The majority of questions revolved around the challenges presented by the implementation of an open parliament. Despite the difficulties that were highlighted, the synthesis was positive. The speakers concluded by pointing out that transparency in the participatory process of legislative deliberations reduced many of the hazards that some attendees feared.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6973\" id=\"6973\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Lab Hacker is not alone in this quest. More than 10 years ago, the Chilean Senate created the “Virtual Senator,” a digital platform housed within its institutional page that allows citizens to vote bills that are under discussion in the Chilean upper house.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"141b\" id=\"141b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">The great promise of democracy is that public decisions result from the discussion and consideration of all points of view. Despite the clarity of this assumption, no democracy in Western history has managed to fully satisfy it. Even in Aristoteles Athens –recognized for its high quality democracy- excluded women and slaves from expressing their opinion on the affairs of the polis. In the 21st century, digital technology gives us a new opportunity to open the debate on public issues beyond the physical borders of our own institutions. The challenge now is to start using these tools and increase citizenship participation in the legislative process.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/crowdlaw-experiences-in-south-america",{"title":2785,"description":2788},"crowdlaw-experiences-in-south-america","blogposts/crowdlaw-experiences-in-south-america","56Y2y1QKjmMvwhtYLe8ASrKWuy6-7SngwvK5XPudTlQ",{"id":2798,"title":2799,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2800,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2801,"description":2802,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2799,"image":2803,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2804,"meta":2805,"navigation":15,"path":2806,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2807,"slug":2808,"startTime":34,"stem":2809,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2810},"blogposts/blogposts/recap-on-tech-tues-feat-icelands-citizens-foundation.json","Recap on Tech Tues Feat Icelands Citizens Foundation",[],"2018-04-30T21:25:56","Reposted from the National Coalition for Dialogue and Deliberation (NCDD). Full video available here.","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*aIFnKCEyjCkWPPbm.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"25e8\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"b7a2\" id=\"b7a2\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Recap on Tech Tues Feat Iceland’s Citizens Foundation\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"e84d\" id=\"e84d\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">Reposted from the National Coalition for Dialogue and Deliberation (NCDD). Full video available \u003Ca href=\"https://recordings.join.me/wLG_C7BriUC_BGlZo7nyWw\" data-href=\"https://recordings.join.me/wLG_C7BriUC_BGlZo7nyWw\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--h4-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"d42f\" id=\"d42f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Original post available \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://ncdd.org/25627\" data-href=\"http://ncdd.org/25627\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ddb4\" id=\"ddb4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">NCDD hosted another one of our informative and exciting TechTues calls earlier this week! We were joined by around 100 participants from across the world to learn more about \u003Ca href=\"https://citizens.is/\" data-href=\"https://citizens.is/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Citizens Foundation\u003C/a>, their digital democracy solutions, and how they are working to strengthen civic engagement in Iceland and internationally.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"b63f\" id=\"b63f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*aIFnKCEyjCkWPPbm.png\" data-width=\"300\" data-height=\"300\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*aIFnKCEyjCkWPPbm.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"927a\" id=\"927a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">We recommend you listen to \u003Ca href=\"https://recordings.join.me/wLG_C7BriUC_BGlZo7nyWw\" data-href=\"https://recordings.join.me/wLG_C7BriUC_BGlZo7nyWw\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the recording\u003C/a> if you weren’t able to make it because it was a great call!\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0d8c\" id=\"0d8c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">On the call, Robert Bjarnason of Citizens Foundation walked participants through a brief history of how democracy has evolved throughout the last millennium in Iceland and set the stage for the work they are doing today. Founded in the aftermath of Iceland’s economic collapse in 2008, Citizens Foundation sought to improve public participation in government and policy change, by creating open source tools and implementing more democratic processes. They specialize in participatory budgeting, policy crowdsourcing, and other open source projects spanning several countries in Europe and in Australia.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0306\" id=\"0306\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Some of our favorite quotes from Robert during the Tech Tuesday:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"618c\" id=\"618c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">“A key factor is to make participation fun. Make it informational and educational, but it can’t be boring. People have too many other options, there’s competition for attention, so make it an enjoyable experience”\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"79be\" id=\"79be\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--li\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">“Lower the barrier to reach more people and not just the usual suspects”\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c165\" id=\"c165\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--li\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">“It’s key to let people know about the effort, they can’t participate if they don’t know about it.”\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8836\" id=\"8836\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--li\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">“If you listen to the people, the people will listen to you.”\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2d39\" id=\"2d39\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">[In response to a question on how do you make participation fun?] “\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Complicated is how you kill fun, make it simple and use pictures!”\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"3db1\" id=\"3db1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">If you were unable to join us on the call, never fear! We recorded the webinar which can be found on the \u003Ca href=\"http://ncdd.org/events/tech-tuesdays/archives-techtues\" data-href=\"http://ncdd.org/events/tech-tuesdays/archives-techtues\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">archives page here\u003C/a>. Access to the archives is a benefit of being an NCDD member, so make sure your membership is up-to-date (or \u003Ca href=\"http://ncdd.org/community/join\" data-href=\"http://ncdd.org/community/join\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">click here to join\u003C/a>). We had an active chat discussion which raised some really interesting questions and examples, and you can check out the transcript of this chat by clicking \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1VoBuB3voyH9M4_rKB5ZaIZliF6cJq5xVJHQkelXaZv0/edit\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1VoBuB3voyH9M4_rKB5ZaIZliF6cJq5xVJHQkelXaZv0/edit\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>. Robert also shared the slides from his presentation, which you can find by clicking \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1P44bghXHqffNyYFp3Ud5fNq1nkVoH8Fs3n-wAnAD2N4/edit#slide=id.g1e61df2c95_0_0\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1P44bghXHqffNyYFp3Ud5fNq1nkVoH8Fs3n-wAnAD2N4/edit#slide=id.g1e61df2c95_0_0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>, in case you wanted to scroll through them.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8604\" id=\"8604\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Big thank you to Robert and everyone who participated on the call to make it engaging and informative! We encourage you to check out the TechTues recording and learn more about Citizens Foundation’s ongoing work at \u003Ca href=\"https://citizens.is/\" data-href=\"https://citizens.is/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://citizens.is/\u003C/a>. To learn more about NCDD’s Tech Tuesday series and hear recordings of past calls, please visit \u003Ca href=\"http://ncdd.org/events/tech-tuesdays\" data-href=\"http://ncdd.org/events/tech-tuesdays\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">www.ncdd.org/tech-tuesdays\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b595\" id=\"b595\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Finally, we love holding these events and we want to continue to elevate the work of our field with Tech Tuesdays and Confab Calls. It is through your generous contributions to NCDD that we can keep doing this work! That’s why we want to encourage you to support NCDD by making a \u003Ca href=\"https://act.myngp.com/Forms/-8754304382901286912\" data-href=\"https://act.myngp.com/Forms/-8754304382901286912\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">donation\u003C/a> or becoming an \u003Ca href=\"http://ncdd.org/community/join\" data-href=\"http://ncdd.org/community/join\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NCDD member\u003C/a> today (you can also renew your membership by \u003Ca href=\"http://ncdd.org/community/join\" data-href=\"http://ncdd.org/community/join\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">clicking here\u003C/a>).\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/recap-on-tech-tues-feat-icelands-citizens-foundation",{"title":2799,"description":2802},"recap-on-tech-tues-feat-icelands-citizens-foundation","blogposts/recap-on-tech-tues-feat-icelands-citizens-foundation","XkZ0PLTdACOrMEK8iW7y8OeOcvJyN1ZY3BxtybcvPek",{"id":2812,"title":2813,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2814,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2815,"description":2816,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2813,"image":2817,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2818,"meta":2819,"navigation":15,"path":2820,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2821,"slug":2822,"startTime":34,"stem":2823,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2824},"blogposts/blogposts/crowdlaw-when-the-intelligence-of-crowds-knocks-at-the-states-door.json","CrowdLaw: When the intelligence of crowds knocks at the States door",[],"2018-04-23T11:01:00","By Cristiano Ferri. On March 13–17, 2018 The GovLab brought together two dozen crowdlaw experts from around the world to collaborate on…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*2FK2_hMIW1tx3Yq2f9fZSA.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"992f\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"571e\" id=\"571e\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">CrowdLaw: When the intelligence of crowds knocks at the State’s door\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"47ce\" id=\"47ce\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">By Cristiano Ferri. On March 13–17, 2018 The GovLab brought together two dozen crowdlaw experts from around the world to collaborate on developing new ways to include more and more diverse opinions and expertise at every stage of the law- and policy-making process. The convening was held at the Rockefeller Foundation’s famed Bellagio Center in Bellagio, Italy. This post is the fourth in a series of blog posts from the crowdlaw conference participants\u003C/h4>\u003Ch4 name=\"b20e\" id=\"b20e\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h4\">Think tank\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"e76e\" id=\"e76e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Imagine if, in the near future, citizens can give their opinion on the laws that interest them, including reporting on problems in the implementation of these laws. A citizen’s participation trajectory could go from reporting issues their children are facing in public schools to drafting the country’s new educational policy and, further on, following up on its implementation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f616\" id=\"f616\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In March this year, I spent almost one week inside the Bellagio Center, a kind of retreat for intellectual purposes, located in northern Italy, in the outskirts of Milan. Although the place is wonderful (check out this view!), we immersed ourselves into a heavy schedule of presentations, discussions and collaborative work on #crowdlaw.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"ddd5\" id=\"ddd5\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*2FK2_hMIW1tx3Yq2f9fZSA.png\" data-width=\"1881\" data-height=\"1413\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*2FK2_hMIW1tx3Yq2f9fZSA.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"64b2\" id=\"64b2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The activity was led by Beth Noveck, widely known as “the mother of open government”, for having been a key person in the Obama Administration on this matter. And besides, Beth is the founder and director of \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">GovLab\u003C/a>, a mix of think tank and do tank driven towards open-government innovation matters. At this retreat on crowdlaw, Noveck managed to gather a diverse team of around 20 academics, innovators, activists, hackers and government people (I consider myself as a mixture of all that!).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e4af\" id=\"e4af\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">She has always been an enthusiast of the use of collective intelligence in State actions. Her excellent books, “Wikigovernment” and “Smart Citizen, Smarter State”, deal with that in an extensive and practical way.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"c59c\" id=\"c59c\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">But what is crowdlaw after all?\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"fa80\" id=\"fa80\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Collaborative drafting of laws, social participation in policymaking, or using collective intelligence to write laws are some ways to explain crowdlaw (in my own words!), but this is a phenomenon that has several complex aspects.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"12aa\" id=\"12aa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For example, can we think of crowdlaw as applicable only to the collaborative drafting of laws, or can we also apply it to other stages of the policymaking cycle, such as the implementation stage? We had long discussions on this subject. I was among those who think it can be used throughout the policymaking cycle. See this chart that was prepared by GovLab, with contributions from the Bellagio group.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--outsetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"41fa\" id=\"41fa\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--layoutOutsetCenter graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*wWds-8D2u4XzilXGCue71Q.png\" data-width=\"4000\" data-height=\"2250\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/1200/1*wWds-8D2u4XzilXGCue71Q.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch4 name=\"c2f9\" id=\"c2f9\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--figure\">And should we apply Artificial Intelligence to crowdlaw?\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"a174\" id=\"a174\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">One of my favorite discussions was the one on if — and how — we should use new technologies in crowdlaw processes, such as machine learning, artificial intelligence, big data, augmented reality and so on. Considering the great advances of private platforms (Facebook, Netflix, Amazon, etc.) in mapping out in detail the preferences of their users, I’ve come to the conclusion that it is inevitable and urgent that governments also invest in it.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bf7a\" id=\"bf7a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For example, a citizen who has helped build the regulation on private transport services apps, such as Uber and Cabify, may be interested in discussing other policies on related issues, right? They would be willing to discuss such topics as the policy to rule autonomous car transport or the use of drones in the airspace. In order to develop these mechanisms, governments will have to collect data on citizens’ participatory preferences and use it for their citizens’ own benefit (a mix of big data, machine learning and artificial intelligence).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fca1\" id=\"fca1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">And, as these discussions involve governments, they raise the natural polemics about the ethical use of the participatory data that public officials and politicians can have access to through the public platforms of social participation. We discussed about all that and, more than reaching conclusions, I believe we managed to advance a lot on the idea that government can’t afford to be kept away from these technologies.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"b263\" id=\"b263\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">What is the top trend of crowdlaw today?\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"6134\" id=\"6134\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">It was also amazing to see the state of the art of some crowdlaw projects in various contexts. Just to mention a few, without demeaning the several ongoing projects around the world, I particularly like what Taiwan’s Ministry of Digital Government is doing.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c6b3\" id=\"c6b3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Having Shu-Yang Lin as their representative, we saw how the Taiwanese Government has been investing in several experiments of social engagement. By using mainly previously-existing tools and platforms, developed on open-source software, Taiwan has been fostering a myriad of smart interactions. In other words, they are using various tools and channels to allow for several types of digital interactions with citizens and collaborators. This is a visual map of their projects and channels:\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"0823\" id=\"0823\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*OFCK8-SiaGQFE-RcISp8hQ.png\" data-width=\"1725\" data-height=\"1211\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*OFCK8-SiaGQFE-RcISp8hQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"2106\" id=\"2106\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">At local government level, it was also exciting to see the experiments made by the Madrid City Council in engaging thousands of its inhabitants in policymaking and problem-solving activities. In addition to the highly innovative framework that is already in place in Madrid (check the amazing \u003Ca href=\"https://www.medialab-prado.es/\" data-href=\"https://www.medialab-prado.es/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">MediaLab Prado\u003C/a>!), the city has advanced greatly into institutionalizing its participatory processes, a critical theme of our discussions at the Bellagio Center.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7b8e\" id=\"7b8e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Madrid Government’s General Coordinator Luis Cueto showed us how a recently approved \u003Ca href=\"http://www.madrid.org/rlma_web/html/web/FichaNormativa.icm?ID=3056\" data-href=\"http://www.madrid.org/rlma_web/html/web/FichaNormativa.icm?ID=3056\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">law\u003C/a> has been essential to consolidate and institutionalize Madrid’s participatory process, the so-called \u003Ca href=\"https://decide.madrid.es/\" data-href=\"https://decide.madrid.es/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Decide Madrid\u003C/em>\u003C/a>. The process is based on \u003Ca href=\"http://consulproject.org/en/\" data-href=\"http://consulproject.org/en/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Consul\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, an online consultation platform that was developed in Madrid and has been used in over 70 other cities around the world. See a portion of the law as quoted by Cueto:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5cdd\" id=\"5cdd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Law 39/2015\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ece4\" id=\"ece4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Article 133.\u003C/em> \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Participation of citizens in the procedure of drafting norms that are ranked as laws and regulation.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d8bd\" id=\"d8bd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">1.\u003C/em> \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Prior to the preparation of the draft bill or bill of a law or regulation, a public consultation shall be conducted through the web portal of the competent Administration in order to seek the opinion of the most representative individuals and organizations that are likely to be affected by the future norm on:\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8d4e\" id=\"8d4e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">a) The problems that are intended to be solved by the initiative.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"670b\" id=\"670b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">b) The need and convenience of its approval.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a18d\" id=\"a18d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">c) The objectives of the norm.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2827\" id=\"2827\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">d) The possible alternative regulatory and non-regulatory solutions.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0e1d\" id=\"0e1d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Many other interesting projects came to our knowledge. Just to mention a few more, I highlight a project from Island, a country that is considered by many as a “nirvana of innovation and social participation”. Robert Bjarnason showed us \u003Ca href=\"https://betrireykjavik.is/domain/1\" data-href=\"https://betrireykjavik.is/domain/1\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Better Reykjavik\u003C/a>, a participatory website that encourages participants to present their positions and arguments. \u003Ca href=\"http://info.mzalendo.com/\" data-href=\"http://info.mzalendo.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Mzalendo\u003C/a>, from Kenya, presented by Jessica Musila, is a cool project of civil monitoring of the Kenyan parliament. I strongly recommend you to take a look at these projects.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"b28a\" id=\"b28a\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Are governments (including parliaments) adequately structured for crowdlaw?\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"2d27\" id=\"2d27\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Another hot discussion was the one on how governments need to house crowdlaw experiences and new and permanent crowdlaw processes. Now we are entering a field I can speak more knowingly about because of the several years of hard time I’ve had trying to implement \u003Ca href=\"https://edemocracia.camara.leg.br/home\" data-href=\"https://edemocracia.camara.leg.br/home\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Portal e-Democracia\u003C/em>\u003C/a> for the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies (it’s been 10 years now!).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8ef5\" id=\"8ef5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Consensus was virtually achieved on the following: we need to form new work teams within the State for this purpose. Additionally, new processes must be created, and politicians and public officials need training in crowdlaw and related matters.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d167\" id=\"d167\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">First point: sections and departments as currently organized in the public sector are not prepared to deal with new work processes such as crowdlaw. In fact, this hierarchical role-based organization does more harm than good. In most public agencies, the information department is separate from the communications department, which is separate from the technology department, which is separate from the business department (e.g. agriculture, transportation, culture).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e41f\" id=\"e41f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We need a new administrative organization of the public service, based on multidisciplinary teams, rather than this Weberian division that no longer makes sense in today’s world. Complex problems require teams that are enriched by experts from various fields. When technology, information management, communication, legal and business minds are gathered, miracles happen. It’s intelligence at its best!\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"4166\" id=\"4166\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*QY6JzJ71x8hIVnOoYzSbCg.png\" data-width=\"1881\" data-height=\"1413\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*QY6JzJ71x8hIVnOoYzSbCg.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Room at the Bellagio Center where we spent most of our time\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"9a9d\" id=\"9a9d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Undoubtedly, public officials should learn how to deal with interaction through social media, moderation of virtual discussions, data analysis of participation and social media, preparation of specialized reports on participation, digital communication, networking, etc.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1931\" id=\"1931\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Besides tons of experimentation, which we are already working on and still needs intensifying in this area, we also had a good discussion on the step that is next to experimentation, i.e., institutionalization. Let me be clearer: innovation, in general, requires lots of trial and error.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4087\" id=\"4087\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In crowdlaw, for example, we need to test how citizens behave when using interaction X or Y, how politicians leverage the participatory content, and how public officials organize themselves to manage all this — just to mention a few points that are impacted on by an experience like this. Then there is the next step. Once some innovation processes have been tested and analyzed, it is time to institutionalize those that are virtually consolidated.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2f51\" id=\"2f51\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">And what does institutionalizing mean? I’ll explain it with an example. After years working on \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">e-Democracia\u003C/em>, we, parliamentary staff and members of Parliament, have learned that, for a certain period during the reporting stage of a bill of law, discussions may be opened for digital public consultation, which is exactly what \u003Ca href=\"https://edemocracia.camara.leg.br/home\" data-href=\"https://edemocracia.camara.leg.br/home\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Portal e-Democracia\u003C/em>\u003C/a> makes feasible.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d5c6\" id=\"d5c6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">How do we institutionalize innovation? A very pragmatic answer: by amending the Rules of the House of Deputies so as to include provisions that turn public consultation during the reporting stage of bills of law into a PHASE of the legislative process. And some very interesting amendments have already been proposed for the Rules of the Brazilian House of Deputies, such as \u003Ca href=\"http://www.camara.gov.br/proposicoesWeb/fichadetramitacao?idProposicao=2125925\" data-href=\"http://www.camara.gov.br/proposicoesWeb/fichadetramitacao?idProposicao=2125925\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Draft Resolution nº 217, of 2017\u003C/a>, by MP Eduardo Barbosa, for example.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cea9\" id=\"cea9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In short, we need to improve the laws that rule our legislative process, reorganize our State frameworks and enable our public officials to manage new work processes, such as the collaborative drafting of laws (namely, crowdlaw).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"23d4\" id=\"23d4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Many other issues were discussed and I’ll keep on addressing them.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2e54\" id=\"2e54\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">If you want to learn more, watch the video below, for I’ve had a very nice talk with Beth Noveck about some of these issues.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"bece\" id=\"bece\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p\">\u003Ciframe src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/SYielX9Omys?feature=oembed\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"99ac\" id=\"99ac\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Here you will find a series of contents on \u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Crowdlaw\u003C/a>. And make sure you follow \u003Ca href=\"https://twitter.com/TheGovLab\" data-href=\"https://twitter.com/TheGovLab\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">@thegovlab\u003C/a> on Twitter.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"af80\" id=\"af80\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Also, follow the posts on the \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/labhacker\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/labhacker\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">Labhacker\u003C/a> blog of the Brazilian House of Deputies.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/crowdlaw-when-the-intelligence-of-crowds-knocks-at-the-states-door",{"title":2813,"description":2816},"crowdlaw-when-the-intelligence-of-crowds-knocks-at-the-states-door","blogposts/crowdlaw-when-the-intelligence-of-crowds-knocks-at-the-states-door","g6LGvFffqmR7pA11M8_fYG89NMCCjYYpLbghuS6-U-o",{"id":2826,"title":2827,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2828,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2829,"description":2830,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2827,"image":2831,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2832,"meta":2833,"navigation":15,"path":2834,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2835,"slug":2836,"startTime":34,"stem":2837,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2838},"blogposts/blogposts/childrens-crowdlaw-a-definitions-contest.json","Childrens CrowdLaw: A Definitions Contest",[],"2018-04-09T11:01:01","By José Luis Martí","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*TFZOAnKjrEa-x0VAh1mYpQ.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"f8b8\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"8bc9\" id=\"8bc9\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Children’s CrowdLaw: A Definitions Contest\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"13e7\" id=\"13e7\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">By José Luis Martí\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"d9de\" id=\"d9de\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*TFZOAnKjrEa-x0VAh1mYpQ.jpeg\" data-width=\"1632\" data-height=\"1224\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*TFZOAnKjrEa-x0VAh1mYpQ.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Two exceptional and very tough young judges from two different countries, \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--figure-strong\">Amedeo\u003C/strong> (8 years-old) and \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--figure-strong\">Pablo\u003C/strong> (10 years-old), deliver their verdict after carefully evaluating 23 definitions of crowdlaw\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"3e6a\" id=\"3e6a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">One of the funniest and \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">most challenging activities\u003C/strong> we had in the three intense days in the Bellagio Rockefeller Center meeting on “\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-people-led-innovation-in-urban-lawmaking-868dd31d32a2\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-people-led-innovation-in-urban-lawmaking-868dd31d32a2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Crowdlaw: People-Led Innovation in Urban Lawmaking\u003C/a>” on March 13–17, 2018, was the following: We all had to write down a very short definition of Crowdlaw, to be understood by a smart child in the 8–10 years-old range. The activity took the form of \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">a contest\u003C/strong>. Once issued our individual definitions, we had also to vote for those which we liked the most, being blind to their authorship. We could vote for our two preferred ones (one vote to each) or give two votes to our absolute winner.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"ed7d\" id=\"ed7d\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">How can you explain what Crowdlaw is to a kid in less than 100 words?\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"afcd\" id=\"afcd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">As one of the greatest challenges we faced during the meeting was precisely to make our minds about what Crowdlaw exactly was for each of us, and then, hopefully, get some agreement about it, trying to explain it in a few simple words to someone who is not even much familiar with politics, governance, or the idea of lawmaking itself, was a terrific exercise.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"46f3\" id=\"46f3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Children of 8 to 10 years are an amazing source of inspiration. They are terribly curious and pragmatic. They not only want to know everything, they also want to \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">understand\u003C/strong> everything around them. They know enough about the world to become able to understand more and more complex ideas. They have quite an understanding of what is right and what is wrong, what good and what evil. They understand basic human motivations pretty well. And they add, to their usual previous passions for nature, human (architectural/urban) structures or basic interpersonal relationships, a fresh new fascination for social structures and institutions (be that the extended family, the communal life, the traffic regulations, the government, the army, the school, or a hospital). On the other hand, for good and for bad, they don’t know much about the complexity (or the context, or the history) of such social and institutional structures. They are unprejudiced about them, as about new innovative ideas. But they often underestimate the difficulties involved in institutional reform.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"edcd\" id=\"edcd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">We produced \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"#c5b8\" data-href=\"#c5b8\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">23 nice definitions\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>. We can fairly say that none was bad. Some were pretty short (one of them had only three words), while others were substantially longer. Many tried to make comparisons between lawmaking and analogue situations in children’s daily life (school trips, family situations, playgrounds, classroom situations), while others tried to address directly the situation of a public decision-making. But they all made an effort to define Crowdlaw in very plain and accessible terms. In our own distribution of votes, the most popular definition was this:\u003C/p>\u003Cblockquote name=\"ffb3\" id=\"ffb3\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--p\">CrowdLaw is being able to decide together what are the rules that define the activities that matter to all of us\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cp name=\"49ec\" id=\"49ec\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--blockquote\">But that was not the end of it. At that point, we got to \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">the most thrilling part of the contest\u003C/strong>. We counted with two exceptional and very tough young judges from two different countries, \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Amedeo\u003C/strong> (8 years-old) and \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Pablo\u003C/strong> (10 years-old), who carefully read and evaluated the 23 anonymous definitions, and chose their preferred three. And finally, much to the surprise of the participants in the contest, Amedeo and Pablo connected through video-conference to deliver their verdict, give the reasons for their choice, and congratulate the winner. And there was a winner; an absolute one. Very interestingly, especially because they had no time for previous secret deliberations and to reach an agreement, the two young judges came to choose the same definition out of the 23! The absolute winner of the definitions contest was this:\u003C/p>\u003Cblockquote name=\"a10c\" id=\"a10c\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--blockquote-strong\">Crowdlaw\u003C/strong>: Imagine you were able to propose and decide together with your classmates and teachers what to do in school each day? That’s how we think we should run our cities, too, with everyone having the ability to participate in deciding what problems to solve and how to solve them”.\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cp name=\"3c66\" id=\"3c66\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--blockquote\">The author of such definition, and therefore the contest’s winner, was Beth S. Noveck! Congratulations to her! (International observers guaranteed that there was no fraud in the judgment).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5142\" id=\"5142\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">What did we learn from that experiment? Among other things, that a good definition, a definition that anyone can understand, must appeal to the reader’s experience, must avoid technical jargon, and must be simple enough (not oversimplifying, not patronizing).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4e1f\" id=\"4e1f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">If you want to test how such definition works with other 8–10 years-old or invite them to improve it, you will be more than welcome. Alternatively, you can also try to produce your own contests or comment on the \u003Ca href=\"#c5b8\" data-href=\"#c5b8\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\">23 definitions\u003C/a> we produced in the framework of this exercise (\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">To leave a comment, select the text and click on the comments icon\u003C/em>). Please, let us know about your results and opinions. So perhaps we will be collectively able to produce \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">children’s crowdlaw\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"ec93\" id=\"ec93\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*f7azLC4SxgBB8RTWk2Thqw.jpeg\" data-width=\"1201\" data-height=\"669\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*f7azLC4SxgBB8RTWk2Thqw.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"3e53\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch4 name=\"c5b8\" id=\"c5b8\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf--leading\">FULL LIST OF CROWDLAW DEFINITIONS:\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"d439\" id=\"d439\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">1. Imagine if you were able to propose and decide together with your classmates and teachers what to do in school each day? That’s how we think we should run our cities, too, with everyone having the ability to participate in deciding what problems to solve and how to solve them.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d2c9\" id=\"d2c9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">2. Put all our ideas together to collectively decide what to do next\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c06d\" id=\"c06d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">3. CrowdLaw means Mommy and Daddy don’t get to decide on their own when sleepytime should be. In Crowdlaw you get to ask “why” and you deserve a better answer than “because Mommy says so.” You can suggest a different bedtime and Mommy and Daddy will have to seriously consider it before they decide.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b13c\" id=\"b13c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">4. CrowdLaw is a method used by national or local governments to source public inPuts for inclusion in laws, policies and regulations to resolve societal problems.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b963\" id=\"b963\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">5. Your classroom is going on a road trip. Who should decide where to go? Now, one classmate has a toothache. Who should decide what to do?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"300a\" id=\"300a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">6. Crowdlaw gives you a voice when decisions are made in your city or country.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7a04\" id=\"7a04\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">7. Crowdlaw allows you to contribute to decisions that you are interested in. Imagine what you would like to have in your neighbohood: a basketball court? A playground? Better bike paths? With crowdlaw you can present your ideas and try to make them happen.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dc6b\" id=\"dc6b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">8. SHARE all of our experiences in different levels.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4e8b\" id=\"4e8b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">9. It’s the participation, STUPID! (Everybody needs to know why)\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c22c\" id=\"c22c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">10. CrowdLaw is a lot of people agreeing a solution for a problem.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"916d\" id=\"916d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">11. Citizens help government solving problems they care about by participating in making a law.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f96a\" id=\"f96a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">12. When you play together with your friends to build soething in Minecraft. Even having disagreements, you get to build something together, right?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e7b5\" id=\"e7b5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">13. CrowdLaw: Is a new method to take decisions in public “things” joining the opinions of all.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b394\" id=\"b394\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">14. Everyone may have good ideas and solutions. CrowdLaw means that everyone should have a say when we try to make decisions together (anytime, about anything)\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"16c9\" id=\"16c9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">15. Imagine in the end of every day when you are writing your diary, don’t write it alone. Instead, you and all your friends family and people you met will write all together with you. And that how we will write the story of our society in crowdlaw\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4238\" id=\"4238\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">16. CrowdLaw is about how to build public policies with the citizens/inhabitants\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0731\" id=\"0731\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">17. People making laws\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"594b\" id=\"594b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">18. Everybody helps to make the rules for how we live together\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1a95\" id=\"1a95\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">19. CrowdLaw is being able to decide together what are the rules that define the activities that matter to all of us\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e114\" id=\"e114\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">20. Getting ideas for good rules from lots of different people\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7f0c\" id=\"7f0c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">21. You and your friends got a say about what your teacher reaches you and how\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a11a\" id=\"a11a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">22. CrowdLaw is about new ways to make better group decisions so more people are happy with decisions like what book to read in class\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"91de\" id=\"91de\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">23. Your opinion counts equally to everyone else’s\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/childrens-crowdlaw-a-definitions-contest",{"title":2827,"description":2830},"childrens-crowdlaw-a-definitions-contest","blogposts/childrens-crowdlaw-a-definitions-contest","emcT8MojsUiruzLRMUtjf9-giGnQC_f2GbCVoP8sc1I",{"id":2840,"title":2841,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2842,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2829,"description":2843,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2841,"image":2844,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2845,"meta":2846,"navigation":15,"path":2847,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2848,"slug":2849,"startTime":34,"stem":2850,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2851},"blogposts/blogposts/crowdlaw-interviews-the-future-of-participatory-law-making.json","CrowdLaw Interviews: The future of participatory law-making",[],"By Victoria Alsina and Anirudh Dinesh. Watch what the experts we convened at the Rockefeller Conference Center in Bellagio had to say about…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/1200/1*W1e2gLY8yjeUjI4mK90lcg.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"4c7e\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"4d47\" id=\"4d47\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">CrowdLaw Interviews: The future of participatory law-making\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"4add\" id=\"4add\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">By Victoria Alsina and Anirudh Dinesh. Watch what the experts we convened at the Rockefeller Conference Center in Bellagio had to say about the future of CrowdLaw\u003C/h4>\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--outsetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"7d5e\" id=\"7d5e\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--layoutOutsetCenter graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*W1e2gLY8yjeUjI4mK90lcg.jpeg\" data-width=\"1018\" data-height=\"478\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/1200/1*W1e2gLY8yjeUjI4mK90lcg.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"7272\" id=\"7272\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In March 2018, the GovLab convened a group of experts from diverse backgrounds to discuss the challenges, opportunities and the future of “CrowdLaw”- a term we use to describe the practice of designing laws and policies with increased citizen participation and leveraging the latest advances in technology to the end of improving the quality of every stage of the law-making process.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a509\" id=\"a509\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Hosted at the Rockefeller foundation’s famed conference center in Bellagio, Italy, the three-day conference addressed topics including the current state of participatory law-making, the incentives for participation, the application of cutting-edge technologies for engagement and several more. You can read about the conference \u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-people-led-innovation-in-urban-lawmaking-868dd31d32a2\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-people-led-innovation-in-urban-lawmaking-868dd31d32a2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e698\" id=\"e698\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We asked the participants what they thought of the future of crowdlaw in the short-term and the long-term, the challenges they anticipate and about their favorite CrowdLaw platforms and recorded their responses in a series of short videos which we have compiled as a playlist \u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>. You can also see the full list of participants and links to their individual videos below.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"4557\" id=\"4557\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p\">\u003Ciframe src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8&start=0\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch4 name=\"a97f\" id=\"a97f\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--figure\">List of participants (videos hyperlinked):\u003C/h4>\u003Col class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"64ce\" id=\"64ce\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--h4\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Brki0iUvRN4&index=2&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8&t=0s\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Brki0iUvRN4&index=2&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8&t=0s\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Robert Bjarnason\u003C/a> — President & Co-founder, Citizens Foundation; Better Reykjavik\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0a53\" id=\"0a53\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0nR7tDhVVe8&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8&index=3\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0nR7tDhVVe8&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8&index=3\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Pablo Collada\u003C/a> — Executive Director, Fundación Ciudadano Inteligente\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8b7d\" id=\"8b7d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nz1kgzZ_Ziw&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8&index=4\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nz1kgzZ_Ziw&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8&index=4\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Luis Cueto Álvarez de Sotomayor\u003C/a> — General Coordinator of the Mayor, Madrid City Council\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"bf2f\" id=\"bf2f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OpReTcP7TKM&index=5&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OpReTcP7TKM&index=5&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Mukelani Dimba\u003C/a> — Co-chair, Open Government Partnership\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"dd1c\" id=\"dd1c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xwD3N118C3k&index=6&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xwD3N118C3k&index=6&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Cristiano Ferri Faría\u003C/a> — Director, Hacker Lab, Brazilian House of Representatives\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7cfc\" id=\"7cfc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FVfsO0MSKpE&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8&index=7\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FVfsO0MSKpE&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8&index=7\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Nicola Forster\u003C/a> — President and Founder, Swiss Forum on Foreign Policy\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"db7e\" id=\"db7e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G-Axp9MUNlQ&index=8&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G-Axp9MUNlQ&index=8&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Scott Hubli\u003C/a> — Director of Governance Programs, National Democratic Institute\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5f21\" id=\"5f21\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bn1DGvRg2BY&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8&index=9\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bn1DGvRg2BY&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8&index=9\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Julia Keutgen\u003C/a> — Technical Adviser, Westminster Foundation for Democracy\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4232\" id=\"4232\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r_5GTD7y9jk&index=10&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r_5GTD7y9jk&index=10&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hélène Landemore\u003C/a> — Associate Professor of Political Science, Yale University\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b359\" id=\"b359\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EW7xNpknso8&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8&index=11\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EW7xNpknso8&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8&index=11\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Raffaele Lillo\u003C/a> — Chief Data Officer, Digital Transformation Team\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"dd19\" id=\"dd19\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=48v7mSInsZI&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8&index=12\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=48v7mSInsZI&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8&index=12\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Shu-Yang Lin \u003C/a>— re:architect & co-founder, PDIS.tw\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d5ca\" id=\"d5ca\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OhtknfdnPrA&index=13&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OhtknfdnPrA&index=13&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">José Luis Martí\u003C/a> — Vice-Rector for Innovation and Professor of Legal Philosophy, Universitat Pompeu Fabra\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a599\" id=\"a599\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pp-ttI_RU7Q&index=14&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pp-ttI_RU7Q&index=14&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Jessica Musila\u003C/a> — Executive Director, Mzalendo\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e954\" id=\"e954\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wEmaEkzNYVA&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8&index=15\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wEmaEkzNYVA&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8&index=15\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Tarik Nesh-Nash \u003C/a>— CEO & Co-founder, GovRight; Ashoka Fellow\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"111f\" id=\"111f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_5N1zpZlrXw&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8&index=16\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_5N1zpZlrXw&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8&index=16\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Marta Poblet Balcell\u003C/a> — Associate Professor, RMIT University\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a5eb\" id=\"a5eb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7YohKfeZnBQ&index=17&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7YohKfeZnBQ&index=17&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Sabine Romon\u003C/a> — Chief Smart City Officer — General Secretariat, Paris City Council\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c2d1\" id=\"c2d1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N8eycdQn3M8&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8&index=18\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N8eycdQn3M8&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8&index=18\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Veronica Seguel Ilabaca\u003C/a> — Chief of Access to Information and Transparency Unit, Chamber of Deputies, Chile\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"722b\" id=\"722b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t64vGf3UjB0&index=19&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t64vGf3UjB0&index=19&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYwd-yGuJ6XHD8Vd7x0WImy8\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ehud (Udi) Shapiro \u003C/a>— Professor of Computer Science and Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science\u003C/li>\u003C/ol>\u003Cp name=\"2686\" id=\"2686\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Convenors:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Col class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"2702\" id=\"2702\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Victoria Alsina, Senior Fellow, The GovLab and Faculty Associate at Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"17cc\" id=\"17cc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li graf--trailing\">Beth Simone Noveck, Director, The GovLab and Professor at New York University Tandon School of Engineering\u003C/li>\u003C/ol>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/crowdlaw-interviews-the-future-of-participatory-law-making",{"title":2841,"description":2843},"crowdlaw-interviews-the-future-of-participatory-law-making","blogposts/crowdlaw-interviews-the-future-of-participatory-law-making","4bHrsUpe67vSaHaZ1nZWuUc6XvXOUQ_nao-g3MwNrXA",{"id":2853,"title":2854,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2855,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2856,"description":2857,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2854,"image":2858,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2859,"meta":2860,"navigation":15,"path":2861,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2862,"slug":2863,"startTime":34,"stem":2864,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2865},"blogposts/blogposts/crowdlaw-legitimacy-and-the-quality-of-lawmaking.json","CrowdLaw, Legitimacy and the Quality of Lawmaking",[],"2018-04-03T11:01:01","By José Luis Martí. On March 13–17, 2018 The GovLab brought together two dozen crowdlaw experts from around the world to collaborate on…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*oRmczTiTrXyWvj5Zc7h1gQ.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"703f\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"b9a6\" id=\"b9a6\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">CrowdLaw, Legitimacy and the Quality of Lawmaking\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"e2e0\" id=\"e2e0\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--h4-em\">By José Luis Martí. \u003C/em>On March 13–17, 2018 The GovLab brought together two dozen crowdlaw experts from around the world to collaborate on developing new ways to include more and more diverse opinions and expertise at every stage of the law- and policy-making process. The convening was held at the Rockefeller Foundation’s famed Bellagio Center in Bellagio, Italy. This post is the third in a series of blog posts from the crowdlaw conference participants\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"e7d2\" id=\"e7d2\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*oRmczTiTrXyWvj5Zc7h1gQ.jpeg\" data-width=\"4608\" data-height=\"3456\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*oRmczTiTrXyWvj5Zc7h1gQ.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Marta Poblet speaks at the CrowdLaw conference in Bellagio\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"5470\" id=\"5470\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Sometimes our lives become like dreams. This is how I felt in the meeting on “Crowdlaw: People-Led Innovation in Urban Lawmaking” that took place at the Bellagio Rockefeller Center by the Lake Como, Italy, on March 13–17, 2018. You look at the lake, look at the snowy Alps, look at the flowers in the gardens, breathe that fresh air, and work hard, discuss endlessly, and collaborate fruitfully with \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">an amazing group of people integrated by scholars, civil servants, developers, and activists, coming from the six continents\u003C/strong>. That’s it. That was one of the most intense and productive meetings I’ve ever taken part in. And one with a very special atmosphere of good mood and companionship (and music by night!). It is not surprising that in such a moving place and with such a good company, the meeting came up with \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">excellent results\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9536\" id=\"9536\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">One of the panels in the meeting had the purpose to \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">clarify the relationship between crowdlaw, political legitimacy, and the quality of law and policymaking\u003C/strong>. This is a crucial and pressing issue for crowdlaw, since its fundamental promise is precisely that technology-driven citizen engagement in processes of law and policymaking, under the right circumstances, may have a very positive effect not only on the legitimacy of such processes, but also on their quality, effectiveness, and efficiency. The most important challenge for crowdlaw obviously consists in identifying those circumstances. But before addressing that issue, those interested in crowdlaw will need to achieve a clear understanding of what are the exact effects that crowdlaw aims to produce. Unfortunately, this is an area where \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">disagreement and much conceptual confusion\u003C/strong> are predominant, and where more theoretical work still needs to be done.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"579c\" id=\"579c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The panel started with three different, complementary kick-off presentations from the following three participants:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"416b\" id=\"416b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">· \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Hélène Landemore\u003C/strong>, a political philosopher from Yale University (US).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f52b\" id=\"f52b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">· \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">José Luis Martí\u003C/strong>, a legal philosopher and democratic theorist from Pompeu Fabra University of Barcelona, Spain.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cc46\" id=\"cc46\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">· \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Marta Poblet\u003C/strong>, a legal sociologist from RMIT University (Melbourne, Australia).\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"4710\" id=\"4710\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*ur4i3P9q5ZWqcSVizSueIg.jpeg\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"1200\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*ur4i3P9q5ZWqcSVizSueIg.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Hélène Landemore speaks at a session at the CrowdLaw conference in Bellagio\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"9af9\" id=\"9af9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Hélène Landemore\u003C/strong> started analyzing the sources of legitimacy, in advancing some content of her forthcoming book on open democracy. She theorized that we might be turning from a conception of democracy based on citizens’ consent to power articulated basically through elections to another based on the exercise of such power by citizens themselves in a way that might be compatible with political representation, but not necessarily dependent, always, in all circumstances, on electoral representation. She argued that a modern, open idea of democracy should be based on six institutional principles: 1) empowerment rights; 2) democratic deliberation; 3) majoritarian principle; 4) complex representation; 5) rotation and 6) transparency. Landemore focused on the sixth. She pointed out that transparency possesses a great instrumental value to participation, to the benefits of such participation, to accountability, and to the education and transformation of citizens’ political culture. And she identified its downsides as well: namely, the possible trade-offs between transparency and security, efficiency, and the quantity and quality of participation. Hélène ended up articulating a defense of transparency as a default principle of democracy, one that anyhow must make some room for some limitations and exceptions.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"426e\" id=\"426e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">José Luis Martí\u003C/strong> complemented Hélène’s talk by introducing explicitly a distinction that is central to modern political philosophy: the distinction between justice and legitimacy. The goal was to move to a previous, conceptual level of analysis in order to grasp the meaning of the concept of ‘quality of law and policymaking’. Assuming that such concept is an evaluative one, and therefore that it needs to be grounded on some kind of normative standard against which law and policymaking might be assessed, I argued that justice and legitimacy should precisely be the obvious points of departure in trying to identify such standard. I finally claimed that, despite the lack of conceptual clarity and agreement, there was significant overlap among the different literatures that have tackled with the idea of the quality of decision-making, from political and legal philosophy, through the theory of legislation, the theory of regulation, and the theory of adjudication, to economic and management theory, in relation to the identification of the concrete elements or indicators of quality. Most of such disciplines identify procedural requirements that apply to the process of law, policy, or decision-making, as well as substantive ones that should be met by the law, policy or decision being made. I ended up presenting a tentative list of all those elements.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"068a\" id=\"068a\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*n3M6bGSbNQoPHqNtG9PKTA.jpeg\" data-width=\"1632\" data-height=\"1224\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*n3M6bGSbNQoPHqNtG9PKTA.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Jose Luis Marti speaks at a session at the CrowdLaw conference in Bellagio\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"88ef\" id=\"88ef\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Marta Poblet\u003C/strong> presented the counterpoint to the previous, more theoretical talks. She argued that we can and should learn from current experiences in political participation, especially from those strongly based on technology. Elaborating on examples such as the secessionist social movement in Catalonia, or the crowd-sourced constitution-making processes in Mexico D.F. and Iceland, Poblet argued that civic tech is making possible for citizens to mobilize and be present in a variety of channels that transcend the traditional limitations for massive participation. According to her, these new technologies applied to social and political participation may be of particular help to find solutions for many of the conundrums identified by political theory, as for instance James Fishkin’s trilemma. According to such trilemma, there are three goals that can’t be satisfied simultaneously: 1) political equality, 2) mass participation, and 3) quality deliberation. Poblet held that adopting certain kinds of civic technologies may allow us to reach a significant amount of each of these goals altogether in a way that is unprecedented. Marta finished her intervention by presenting her proposed taxonomy for crowd-civic systems, based on a distinction between three different models of democracy: the liberal, the republican, and the deliberative/epistemic one. Marta’s comments exemplified very well how crowdlaw may learn, develop, and refine from induction over existing experimentation, as much as from theoretical analysis.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"079e\" id=\"079e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The panel continued with a long, open discussion over the main issues raised by the panelists that helped to ground some consensus among all the participants over them: the relationship between legitimacy and the quality of law and policymaking, the potential sources of such legitimacy, the significance of transparency, the concrete indicators of the quality of lawmaking, or the convenience of elaborating an index of crowdlaw that might be applicable to urban contexts to assess the existing practices of citizen participation and the lawmaking processes, as well as some form of quality certification process.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e50b\" id=\"e50b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">There was even room for Udi Shapiro, a computer scientist and mathematician from the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel, to present his proposal, with his co-author Nimrod Talmon, on how to make law drafting collaborative, potentially open to everyone, and truly egalitarian. That was an excellent example on the kind of technical knowledge crowdlaw needs to rely on in order to make its promises a reality.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/crowdlaw-legitimacy-and-the-quality-of-lawmaking",{"title":2854,"description":2857},"crowdlaw-legitimacy-and-the-quality-of-lawmaking","blogposts/crowdlaw-legitimacy-and-the-quality-of-lawmaking","1tSKaSK8kopTiwvrXfH_UJTADFRc2qwPPVLRfJa58lk",{"id":2867,"title":2868,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2869,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2870,"description":2871,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2868,"image":2872,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2873,"meta":2874,"navigation":15,"path":2875,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2876,"slug":2877,"startTime":34,"stem":2878,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2879},"blogposts/blogposts/data-collaboration-and-data-responsibility-for-migration.json","Data Collaboration and Data Responsibility for Migration",[],"2018-04-02T18:21:54","By Andrew Young","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*mhKdvbVpgs5z3qY0V9fKwQ.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"1e5c\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"c144\" id=\"c144\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Data Collaboration and Data Responsibility for Migration\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"b661\" id=\"b661\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">By Andrew Young\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"64fb\" id=\"64fb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Today, the GovLab is pleased to share three resources examining how private data sources, when leveraged responsibly and collaboratively, can provide insights for addressing the challenges and opportunities of migration. As it stands, the UN estimates that about 258 million people across the globe live in a country other than the one in which they were born, but humanitarian organizations, public sector actors, and civil society groups often lack access to the most useful datasets for understanding and responding to issues and opportunities arising from migration — including but not limited to the movement of refugees and others forcibly displaced.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"20a7\" id=\"20a7\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf--startsWithSingleQuote graf-after--p\">‘Talking Migration Data’ with the International Organization for Migration (IOM)\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"031c\" id=\"031c\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--h4\">\u003Ciframe src=\"https://player.vimeo.com/video/260765687?app_id=122963\" width=\"700\" height=\"394\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"41e1\" id=\"41e1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In this video, the GovLab’s Co-Founder and Chief Research and Development Officer Stefaan Verhulst discusses the potential of analyzing new sources of data can increase our understanding of migration, and improve services and interventions in the field.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"842b\" id=\"842b\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">The Potential and Practice of Data Collaboratives for Migration in Stanford Social Innovation Review\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"005e\" id=\"005e\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*mhKdvbVpgs5z3qY0V9fKwQ.png\" data-width=\"768\" data-height=\"547\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*mhKdvbVpgs5z3qY0V9fKwQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"e1be\" id=\"e1be\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In a \u003Ca href=\"https://ssir.org/articles/entry/the_potential_and_practice_of_data_collaboratives_for_migration\" data-href=\"https://ssir.org/articles/entry/the_potential_and_practice_of_data_collaboratives_for_migration\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">new article\u003C/a> published by the Stanford Social Innovation Review, Stefaan Verhulst and Andrew Young explore how private data sources, when leveraged responsibly and collaboratively, can provide insights for addressing the challenges and opportunities of migration.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"a11c\" id=\"a11c\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">The GovLab Selected Readings on Data Responsibility, Refugees and Migration\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"7350\" id=\"7350\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4 graf--trailing\">Finally, the GovLab research team, including Kezia Paladina, Alexandra Shaw, Michelle Winowatan, Stefaan Verhulst, and Andrew Young, released an \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-data-responsibility-refugees-and-migration/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-data-responsibility-refugees-and-migration/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">annotated and curated collection\u003C/a> of recommended works on responsible approaches for leveraging data to address challenges related to refugees and migration.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/data-collaboration-and-data-responsibility-for-migration",{"title":2868,"description":2871},"data-collaboration-and-data-responsibility-for-migration","blogposts/data-collaboration-and-data-responsibility-for-migration","wUjAFOy-SfXoHw5xGJwTQkR5FiAWSpCGCMuhM_H2K7Q",{"id":2881,"title":2882,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2883,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2884,"description":2885,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2882,"image":2886,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2887,"meta":2888,"navigation":15,"path":2889,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2890,"slug":2891,"startTime":34,"stem":2892,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2893},"blogposts/blogposts/replicating-the-justice-data-lab-in-the-usa-key-considerations.json","Replicating the Justice Data Lab in the USA: Key Considerations",[],"2018-03-29T01:18:05","By Tracey Gyateng and Tris Lumley","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*uTak6gzcnh5jfMsPhGzgpg.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"371b\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"2b86\" id=\"2b86\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Replicating the Justice Data Lab in the USA: Key Considerations\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"2a5b\" id=\"2a5b\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">By Tracey Gyateng and Tris Lumley\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"71d9\" id=\"71d9\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*uTak6gzcnh5jfMsPhGzgpg.png\" data-width=\"300\" data-height=\"302\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*uTak6gzcnh5jfMsPhGzgpg.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"6996\" id=\"6996\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Since 2011, NPC has researched, supported and advocated for the development of impact-focussed Data Labs in the UK. The goal has been to unlock government administrative data so that organisations (primarily nonprofits) who provide a social service can understand the impact of their services on the people who use them.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"760e\" id=\"760e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">So far, one of these Data Labs has been developed to measure re-offending outcomes- the \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-labs/ministry-of-justice-data-lab-8d8b0779c295\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-labs/ministry-of-justice-data-lab-8d8b0779c295\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">Justice Data Lab\u003C/a>-, and others are currently being piloted for employment and education. Given our seven years of work in this area, we at NPC have decided to reflect on the key factors needed to create a Data Lab with our report: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.thinknpc.org/publications/how-to-create-an-impact-data-lab/\" data-href=\"https://www.thinknpc.org/publications/how-to-create-an-impact-data-lab/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">How to Create an Impact Data Lab\u003C/a>. This blog outlines these factors, examines whether they are present in the USA, and asks what the next steps should be — drawing on the research undertaken with the Governance Lab.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"f355\" id=\"f355\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">What are Data Labs and why are they needed?\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"a1af\" id=\"a1af\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">A Data Lab is the popular name among social researchers to describe a team of analysts/researchers working to produce innovative data solutions. It encompasses a variety of models — from services that enable researchers to access de-identified data within a secure setting, to services where bespoke research is conducted. Here we talk about Data Labs as a standardised evaluation service provided by government departments, or government approved agencies. The model enables providers of services to measure their impact on social issues, such as reoffending, through use of government administrative data sets.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6113\" id=\"6113\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Nonprofits need to evaluate their programmes to assess if their services are operating as expected, and to provide evidence to service users, donors, and funders of the efficacy of their work. Good evaluation requires robust data, but many charities struggle to access or acquire such data. When they can access it, few also have the skills needed to analyse these complex datasets.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1fe3\" id=\"1fe3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Meanwhile, governments routinely collect administrative data from services that are offered to the public. This administrative data is increasingly recognised as being of value, especially if it is opened up for other organisations to make use of. It is in government’s (and society’s) interest as key purchasers and deliverers of social interventions to support evaluations of these services. Understanding which programmes are effective in addressing social issues would support effective decision making for allocating scarce resources. The challenge is that administrative data about individuals is personal, highly sensitive, and must be kept secure — which is a core feature of a Data Lab.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"6dc1\" id=\"6dc1\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Key factors for developing a Data Lab\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"8a1d\" id=\"8a1d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">By advocating for Data Labs to be set up in several UK government departments, we have identified the most important requirements to aid this process. Full discussions of these requirements are provided in the paper \u003Ca href=\"https://www.thinknpc.org/publications/how-to-create-an-impact-data-lab/\" data-href=\"https://www.thinknpc.org/publications/how-to-create-an-impact-data-lab/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">How to Create an Impact Data Lab\u003C/a>. Below we examine the key factors and to what extent they appear to be present within the USA.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"61d0\" id=\"61d0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Environment: A broad culture that supports impact measurement. \u003C/strong>Similar to the UK, nonprofits in the USA are increasingly measuring the impact they have had on the participants of their service and sharing the difficulties of undertaking robust, high quality evaluations¹.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c51a\" id=\"c51a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data: Individual person-level administrative data. \u003C/strong>A key difference between the two countries is that, in the USA, personal data on social services tends to be held at a local, rather than central level. In the UK social services data such as reoffending, education and employment are collated into a central database. In the USA, the federal government has limited centrally collated personal data, instead this data can be found at state/city level.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"aeaf\" id=\"aeaf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Large population sizes of personal identifiable data is needed for organisations to understand the outcomes of their services and to estimate a counterfactual group.² This can be difficult to achieve at a local level if the data set is not large enough. Compounding the problem, the robustness of estimates produced by a Data Lab is likely to be negatively affected if there is a large amount of migration out of the state/city as the outcomes of these individuals will not be tracked. We suspect this migration issue will be more acute at state rather than national level but State sized Data Labs will need to test what effect this would have.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b4dd\" id=\"b4dd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A solution to problems of scale may be more data sharing and there are some early initiatives to this end taking place. The \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Actionable Intelligence for Social Policy (AISP) unit based at the University of Pennsylvania are leading experts in developing integrated data systems (see our case study \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-labs/actionable-intelligence-for-social-policy-aisp-9ebca5fb54b5\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-labs/actionable-intelligence-for-social-policy-aisp-9ebca5fb54b5\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">) and are creating a network of \u003C/strong>Administrative Data Research Facilities (ADRF) to develop standards for accessing and using administrative data. Further in partnership with Third Sector Capital Partners, Inc, AISP are working with five governments to develop integrated data systems which will enable program evaluation.³\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e03c\" id=\"e03c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">A leading advocate: A Data Lab project team, and strong networks. \u003C/strong>Data Labs do not manifest by themselves. They requires a lead agency to campaign with, and on behalf of, nonprofits to set out a persuasive case for their development. In the USA, we have developed a partnership with the Governance Lab to seek out opportunities where Data Labs can be established but given the size of the country, there is scope for further collaborations/ and or advocates to be identified and supported.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8d26\" id=\"8d26\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Customers:\u003C/strong> \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Identifiable organisations that would use the Data Lab.\u003C/strong> Initial discussions with several US nonprofits and academia indicate support for a Data Lab in their context. Broad consultation based on an agreed region and outcome(s) will be needed to fully assess the potential customer base.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9ba6\" id=\"9ba6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data owners: Engaged civil servants. \u003C/strong>Generating buy-in and persuading various stakeholders including data owners, analysts and politicians is a critical part of setting up a data lab. While the exact profiles of the right people to approach can only be assessed once a region and outcome(s) of interest have been chosen, there are encouraging signs, such as the passing of the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/4174\" data-href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/4174\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Foundations for Evidence-Based Policy Making Act\u003C/a> of 2017 in the house of representatives which, among other things, mandates the appointment of “Chief Evaluation Officers” in government departments- suggesting that there is bipartisan support for increased data-driven policy evaluation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fe28\" id=\"fe28\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Legal and ethical governance: A legal framework for sharing data.\u003C/strong> In the UK, all personal data is subject to data protection legislation, which provides standardised governance for how personal data can be processed across the country and within the European Union. A universal data protection framework does not exist within the USA, therefore data sharing agreements between customers and government data-owners will need to be designed for the purposes of Data Labs, unless there are existing agreements that enable data sharing for research purposes. This will need to be investigated at the state/city level of a desired Data Lab.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"956f\" id=\"956f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Funding: Resource and support for driving the set-up of the Data Lab. \u003C/strong>Most of our policy lab \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-labs\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-labs\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">case studies\u003C/a> were funded by a mixture of philanthropy and government grants. It is expected that a similar mixed funding model will need to be created to establish Data Labs. One alternative is the model adopted by the \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Washington State Institute for Public Policy (WSIPP), which was created by the Washington State Legislature and is funded on a project basis, primarily by the state.\u003C/strong> Additionally funding will be needed to enable advocates of a Data Lab to campaign for the service.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"ba57\" id=\"ba57\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Where next for Data Labs in the USA?\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"e96f\" id=\"e96f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">This project has identified positive indications that the environment, advocacy, customers, data owners and funding make the USA a potentially fertile environment for Data Labs. Further progress is reliant on choosing a state to begin initial testing for a Data Lab. The choice of state should depend on all of the factors outlined above, but the availability of personal data and the governance around access will take precedence.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f72d\" id=\"f72d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Once a region is chosen, the issues a Data Lab might work on can be evaluated; the barriers which might exist can be identified; a list of the key partners and data sharing initiatives taking place in that area can be drawn up and an assessment of the likely demand will need to be conducted. NPC conducted this investigation when shortlisting the additional Data Labs to be developed following the Justice Data Lab, see \u003Ca href=\"https://www.thinknpc.org/publications/creating-a-data-lab/\" data-href=\"https://www.thinknpc.org/publications/creating-a-data-lab/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a> to read the report, which we recommend should be replicated.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d2de\" id=\"d2de\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">If you would like to discuss any of the issues raised within this post do get in touch with the programme director \u003Ca href=\"https://www.thinknpc.org/about-npc/our-staff/tris-lumley/\" data-href=\"https://www.thinknpc.org/about-npc/our-staff/tris-lumley/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Tris Lumley\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"67f1\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch4 name=\"7ea8\" id=\"7ea8\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf--leading\">FOOTNOTES:\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"5929\" id=\"5929\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">¹ See Bach-Mortensen, A. M. and Montgomery, P. (2018). What are the barriers and facilitators for third sector organisations (non-profits) to evaluate their services? A systematic review. S\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">ystematic Reviews\u003C/em>, 7:13 \u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-018-0681-1\" data-href=\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-018-0681-1\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">doi.org/10.1186/s13643–018–0681–1\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9345\" id=\"9345\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">² Counter-factual- what would have happened to the group if they did not receive an intervention\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3662\" id=\"3662\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">³ \u003Ca href=\"https://www.thirdsectorcap.org/youth-development-competition/\" data-href=\"https://www.thirdsectorcap.org/youth-development-competition/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.thirdsectorcap.org/youth-development-competition/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/replicating-the-justice-data-lab-in-the-usa-key-considerations",{"title":2882,"description":2885},"replicating-the-justice-data-lab-in-the-usa-key-considerations","blogposts/replicating-the-justice-data-lab-in-the-usa-key-considerations","z8ZBDPQh5bqIJSOSfN8FJ24ucG6o-GapO6pia4-Nlqc",{"id":2895,"title":2896,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2897,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2898,"description":2899,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2896,"image":2900,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2901,"meta":2902,"navigation":15,"path":2903,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2904,"slug":2905,"startTime":34,"stem":2906,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2907},"blogposts/blogposts/more-than-a-coin-the-rise-of-civic-cryptocurrency.json","More Than A Coin: The Rise Of Civic Cryptocurrency",[],"2018-03-28T01:10:37","By Beth Noveck and Victoria Alsina. Originally published in Forbes on March 27, 2018. Available online here.","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*cNkXdD-GPSKIvkJR.","\n\u003Csection name=\"568e\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"77be\" id=\"77be\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">More Than A Coin: The Rise Of Civic Cryptocurrency\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"24fa\" id=\"24fa\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">By Beth Noveck and Victoria Alsina. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--h4-em\">Originally published in Forbes on March 27, 2018. Available online \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/bethsimonenoveck/2018/03/27/more-than-a-coin-the-rise-of-civic-cryptocurrency/#2020e0be6b68\" data-href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/bethsimonenoveck/2018/03/27/more-than-a-coin-the-rise-of-civic-cryptocurrency/#2020e0be6b68\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--h4-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--h4-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--h4-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"d1b4\" id=\"d1b4\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*cNkXdD-GPSKIvkJR.\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"779\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*cNkXdD-GPSKIvkJR.\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Source: \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://bristolpound.org\" data-href=\"https://bristolpound.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">https://bristolpound.org\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"395e\" id=\"395e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The comedian John Oliver dedicated a recent \u003Ca href=\"https://youtu.be/g6iDZspbRMg\" data-href=\"https://youtu.be/g6iDZspbRMg\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">episode\u003C/a> of \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Last Week Tonight \u003C/em>to discuss cryptocurrencies, “the virtual currencies that combine everything you don’t understand about money…with everything you don’t understand about computers.” \u003Ca href=\"https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/cryptocurrency?utm_campaign=sd&utm_medium=serp&utm_source=jsonld\" data-href=\"https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/cryptocurrency?utm_campaign=sd&utm_medium=serp&utm_source=jsonld\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Cryptocurrencies\u003C/a> are alternative digital mechanisms for exchanging value. They have no centralized issuing authority like a central bank but, instead, rely on cryptographic technology to facilitate accounting and recordkeeping. Bitcoin was one of the earliest examples but the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.technologyreview.com/s/607947/the-cryptocurrency-market-is-growing-exponentially/\" data-href=\"https://www.technologyreview.com/s/607947/the-cryptocurrency-market-is-growing-exponentially/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">number of these cryptocurrencies is proliferating\u003C/a> as technology creates the opportunity for anyone to create their own secure, tradeable currency.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f407\" id=\"f407\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">While most of the 1,300+ actively traded cryptocurrencies are designed to generate profit, there is an exciting new entrant into the crypto- and alternative currency creation space: cities.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"e06a\" id=\"e06a\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">Currency Is the New Money\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"b1e7\" id=\"b1e7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">From Bristol to Barcelona, cities around the globe are leading a revolution in the creation of complementary “civic currencies” — some digital, some physical — designed to promote local economic development, foster active citizenship, and invest in sustainability while building a sense of community cohesion.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b2c3\" id=\"b2c3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Also known as “complementary currencies,” “alternative currencies,” or “social currencies,” cities have issued their own tender long before \u003Ca href=\"https://hbr.org/2017/01/the-truth-about-blockchain\" data-href=\"https://hbr.org/2017/01/the-truth-about-blockchain\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">blockchain\u003C/a> or the internet (see \u003Ca href=\"https://ijccr.net/\" data-href=\"https://ijccr.net/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">International Journal of Community Currency Research\u003C/em>\u003C/a>), but technology is jumpstarting the movement around digital civic currencies with Barcelona and Berkeley being the latest to \u003Ca href=\"https://elpais.com/elpais/2016/11/15/inenglish/1479200181_146794.html\" data-href=\"https://elpais.com/elpais/2016/11/15/inenglish/1479200181_146794.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">announce\u003C/a> that they would start to issue their own tender.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8c2c\" id=\"8c2c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">How do these civic technologies work? Often, the city will pay civil servants partially or even completely (the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2012/nov/20/mayor-salary-bristol-pounds\" data-href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2012/nov/20/mayor-salary-bristol-pounds\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Mayor of Bristol is paid entirely\u003C/a> in the Bristol pound) with the local civic currency. Residents and businesses can also purchase with national tender. They can then use the local currency to pay taxes and fees or to purchase local services.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dd65\" id=\"dd65\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For example, in the St. Lawrence Market and Gerard Square areas of Toronto, local businesses accepted \u003Ca href=\"https://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/toronto-dollar.asp\" data-href=\"https://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/toronto-dollar.asp\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Toronto Dollars\u003C/a>. One Toronto Dollar was worth one Canadian Dollar, which residents then used to shop locally. Ten cents of every dollar went to support community projects, including for those who are unemployed or homeless. In Santa Coloma de Gramenet in Catalonia, they pay part of civil service salaries in the “\u003Ca href=\"http://www.grama.cat/es/la-moneda-local/#_\" data-href=\"http://www.grama.cat/es/la-moneda-local/#_\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">grama\u003C/a>,” which can only be spent locally, again fostering economic development.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"f728\" id=\"f728\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*ZYhk1TRumlLppoAO.\" data-width=\"460\" data-height=\"281\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*ZYhk1TRumlLppoAO.\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Source: \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://ijccr.net/2014/10/14/first-micro-simulation-model-of-a-ledda-community-currency-dollar-economy/\" data-href=\"https://ijccr.net/2014/10/14/first-micro-simulation-model-of-a-ledda-community-currency-dollar-economy/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">https://ijccr.net/2014/10/14/first-micro-simulation-model-of-a-ledda-community-currency-dollar-economy/\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"e930\" id=\"e930\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">By using the local civic currency, some cities also dedicate a small percentage of the value to promote social innovation and invest in local environmental and sustainability projects. \u003Ca href=\"https://ijccr.files.wordpress.com/2012/07/ijccr-2012-joachain-klopfert.pdf\" data-href=\"https://ijccr.files.wordpress.com/2012/07/ijccr-2012-joachain-klopfert.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Nu-Spaarpas\u003C/a>, for example, was an experiment launched in Rotterdam in 2000 to create incentives for sustainable and eco-friendly behavior and purchases among its citizens. Consumers were rewarded when they engaged in behaviors like buying products that were identified as “green” or simply recycling. The points they were given could be redeemed for various products and services such as event tickets, public transportation passes, and “gifts” from participating shops.¹\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8278\" id=\"8278\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The city of Berkeley, California is also \u003Ca href=\"https://nextcity.org/daily/entry/berkeley-is-turning-to-the-blockchain-for-city-funding?utm_source=Next+City+Newsletter&utm_campaign=f6a4d61f08-Daily_781&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_fcee5bf7a0-f6a4d61f08-44151817\" data-href=\"https://nextcity.org/daily/entry/berkeley-is-turning-to-the-blockchain-for-city-funding?utm_source=Next+City+Newsletter&utm_campaign=f6a4d61f08-Daily_781&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_fcee5bf7a0-f6a4d61f08-44151817\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">taking advantage of the blockchain technology\u003C/a> to enable investors to buy Berkeley’s cryptocurrency to fund city-issued municipal bonds. The money raised by this crowdfunding will be used to pay for things such as affordable housing, homeless shelters, ambulances, and street plantings. As with other local currencies, Berkeley coin owners will potentially be able to spend the currency at participating businesses.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"2d82\" id=\"2d82\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">How Cities Promote Their Civic Currencies\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cblockquote name=\"05b0\" id=\"05b0\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--h4\">“Good money, made by the people, for the people of Bristol,” announced the Bristol City Council in Britain as a catchy leitmotif to promote the \u003Ca href=\"https://bristolpound.org\" data-href=\"https://bristolpound.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--blockquote-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Bristol pound\u003C/a>.\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cblockquote name=\"07c2\" id=\"07c2\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--blockquote\">“We like to participate” is the motto to promote the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.chiemgauer.info\" data-href=\"http://www.chiemgauer.info\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--blockquote-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Chiemgauer\u003C/a> in Rosenheim and Traunstein counties in the German region of Bavaria.\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cblockquote name=\"71a4\" id=\"71a4\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote\">In Toulouse, France, they have the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.sol-violette.fr\" data-href=\"https://www.sol-violette.fr\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--blockquote-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Sol-Violette\u003C/a> and their slogan is “more than just a means of payment.”\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cblockquote name=\"6a19\" id=\"6a19\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote\">The \u003Ca href=\"https://www.wir.ch\" data-href=\"https://www.wir.ch\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--blockquote-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">WIR Bank\u003C/a> in Switzerland, the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.ekhitxanpona.org/wordpress\" data-href=\"http://www.ekhitxanpona.org/wordpress\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--blockquote-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ekhi\u003C/a> in the Basque Country province of Bizkaia, and the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.grama.cat\" data-href=\"http://www.grama.cat\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--blockquote-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Grama\u003C/a> in the Catalan town of Santa Coloma de Gramenet, both in Spain, are yet more examples.\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cp name=\"7b6e\" id=\"7b6e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--blockquote\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.justaddspice.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.justaddspice.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Spice Time Credits\u003C/a> in the UK is \u003Ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/society/2016/jun/28/community-currencies-local-economy-volunteering\" data-href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/society/2016/jun/28/community-currencies-local-economy-volunteering\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">pushing the innovation envelope even further\u003C/a> to encourage altruistic and collaborative work within communities by allowing people to exchange abstract and typically arbitrarily-appraised concepts such as time spent volunteering. For every hour that an individual contributes to their community, they earn one Time Credit which can be spent accessing an hour of activity provided by the organization’s corporate or community partners.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"4c2c\" id=\"4c2c\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">Civic Engagement Powered by Civic Currency\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"5d4d\" id=\"5d4d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">What’s next on the horizon for civic currencies? Cities like Barcelona are beginning to contemplate use of these new currencies to create an incentive for citizen engagement and civic participation in urban democracy, not only in the urban economy, by rewarding constituents for getting involved.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"98d5\" id=\"98d5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Just as in the United States, where the government compensates individuals who do not otherwise get paid by their job for the time spent doing jury service, civic currencies may offer a way to reward people for giving of their time and expertise to help their community. Toronto dollars, for instance, have \u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toronto_dollar#cite_note-california-1\" data-href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toronto_dollar#cite_note-california-1\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">been given as gifts\u003C/a> to welfare recipients who perform volunteer work for charitable and non-profit organizations.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4088\" id=\"4088\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As more cities turn to the internet to invite the public to participate in urban lawmaking, they will need incentives to promote engagement. Madrid and Paris, for example, invite the public to co-create solutions to urban problems using \u003Ca href=\"https://decide.madrid.es/\" data-href=\"https://decide.madrid.es/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Decide Madrid\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.paris.fr/participez/proposer-et-debattre/madame-la-maire-j-ai-une-idee-3971\" data-href=\"https://www.paris.fr/participez/proposer-et-debattre/madame-la-maire-j-ai-une-idee-3971\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Madame La Maire, J’ai Une Idée\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, \u003C/em>respectively. These so-called \u003Ca href=\"http://crowd.law\" data-href=\"http://crowd.law\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">crowdlaw\u003C/a> platforms enable the public to participate in diverse stages of law- and policymaking, from spotting problems, to identifying solutions to deciding how money will be spent. Civic currency could create an incentive for more and more diverse people to participate and participate well. It is easy to envision having the city give small amounts of civic currency that people can use to pay their taxes, parking tickets or shop for local goods, in exchange for helpful contributions to crowdlaw processes.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cadb\" id=\"cadb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">More generous rewards can be reserved for individuals and local groups that invest more time in working with their cities, for example, to co-design a park or volunteer in a local school. Nonprofits like the IdeasLab in Costa Rica are offering a digital civic currency called the \u003Ca href=\"http://revolutionarytoken.com/\" data-href=\"http://revolutionarytoken.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Revolutionary Token\u003C/a>, an Ethereum-based cryptocurrency to support investment in civic leaders and change agents. One experimental study has shown that compensating participation with city coins significantly increased the number of people that contributed to the participatory process, independently of their income, educational level or age.² By using civic currency, the reward offers both extrinsic reward as well as intrinsic, psychic motivation. Multi-motivational incentives arenas are well-known for their advantages.³\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"3f1a\" id=\"3f1a\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*ms5nn0wGv4oWEXGn.\" data-width=\"439\" data-height=\"439\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*ms5nn0wGv4oWEXGn.\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Source: \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://revolutionarytoken.com/\" data-href=\"http://revolutionarytoken.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">http://revolutionarytoken.com/\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch4 name=\"293a\" id=\"293a\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">Let the Experiments Begin\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"8f1c\" id=\"8f1c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Putting a price on participation will have its challenges, to be sure. Some will argue that participating in the life of one’s democracy should be its own reward and an obligation incumbent upon each of us that should not be compensated. However, given the economic benefits to the local community of using civic currency, it would make sense to test the impact.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"52ab\" id=\"52ab\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Similarly, how do we measure the value of commenting in a discussion forum or participating in a participatory budgeting exercise? Conventional wisdom suggests that the quantity, quality and diversity of information gathered, as a result of each contribution, should be part of the analysis and city councils should develop metrics together with the public to assess their social impact.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0544\" id=\"0544\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">The use of city coins as “civic currencies” to promote citizen participation is definitely an option that city governments should explore and test. As more decentralized cryptocurrencies proliferate, wouldn’t it be nice if they helped us to do well by doing good in our own cities?\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"0684\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"80ba\" id=\"80ba\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">FOOTNOTES:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"20fb\" id=\"20fb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹ Joachain, H., & Klopfert, F. (2012). Emerging trend of complementary currencies systems for environmental purposes: changes ahead. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">International Journal of Community Currency Research\u003C/em>, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">16\u003C/em>, 156–168.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"24ce\" id=\"24ce\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">² Prados Rodríguez, M., Gómez-Álvarez Díaz, R., & Rodríguez Morilla, C. (2018). Votecoin. La participación ciudadana digital en el ayuntamiento como principal impulsora de la moneda social en la ciudad. In \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">II Congreso Internacional Move. net sobre Movimientos Sociales y TIC (2018), p 321–342\u003C/em> (pp. 321–342). Grupo Interdisciplinario de Estudios en Comunicación, Política y Cambio Social de la Universidad de Sevilla (COMPOLÍTICAS).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4078\" id=\"4078\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">³ Van Ransbeeck, W. (2016). Gamification in Citizen Participation. Retrieved from \u003Ca href=\"https://www.citizenlab.co/blog/civic-engagement/gamification-in-citizen-participation\" data-href=\"https://www.citizenlab.co/blog/civic-engagement/gamification-in-citizen-participation\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.citizenlab.co/blog/civic-engagement/gamification-in-citizen-participation\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/more-than-a-coin-the-rise-of-civic-cryptocurrency",{"title":2896,"description":2899},"more-than-a-coin-the-rise-of-civic-cryptocurrency","blogposts/more-than-a-coin-the-rise-of-civic-cryptocurrency","whuCJXx9QTqimMCN6XOiwUF9cyuZtxkCi9WDCZjiTaM",{"id":2909,"title":2910,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2911,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2912,"description":2913,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2910,"image":2914,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2915,"meta":2916,"navigation":15,"path":2917,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2918,"slug":2919,"startTime":34,"stem":2920,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2921},"blogposts/blogposts/crowdlaw-transparency-and-participation.json","CrowdLaw: Transparency and Participation",[],"2018-03-26T14:00:43","By Julia Keutgen. On March 13–17, 2018 The GovLab brought together two dozen crowdlaw experts from around the world to collaborate on…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*kpyc0MfvEyDiVJQB6lOKRg.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"3a72\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"e67a\" id=\"e67a\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">CrowdLaw: Transparency and Participation\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"7ad8\" id=\"7ad8\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--h4-em\">By Julia Keutgen. On March 13–17, 2018 The GovLab brought together two dozen crowdlaw experts from around the world to collaborate on developing new ways to include more and more diverse opinions and expertise at every stage of the law- and policy-making process. The convening was held at the Rockefeller Foundation’s famed Bellagio Center in Bellagio, Italy. This post is the second in a series of blog posts from the crowdlaw conference participants\u003C/em>.\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"dc95\" id=\"dc95\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*kpyc0MfvEyDiVJQB6lOKRg.jpeg\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"1200\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*kpyc0MfvEyDiVJQB6lOKRg.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">A session in progress at the CrowdLaw conference at the Rockefeller Foundation conference center in Bellagio, Italy\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"3215\" id=\"3215\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In this session on ‘Transparency and Participation’ at the Bellagio conference on \u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-people-led-innovation-in-urban-lawmaking-868dd31d32a2\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-people-led-innovation-in-urban-lawmaking-868dd31d32a2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Crowdlaw: People-Led Innovation in Urban Lawmaking\u003C/a> (March 13–17, 2018), we discussed whether participation depended on more transparency and whether transparency could be counter-productive to more engagement. I had the pleasure of speaking and moderating a conversation with:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"6f36\" id=\"6f36\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Mukhelani Dimba, Open Government Partnership\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"17ac\" id=\"17ac\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Julia Keutgen,Westminster Foundation for Democracy\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7dbe\" id=\"7dbe\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Hélène Landemore, Yale University\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"36eb\" id=\"36eb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Veronica Seguel, Chamber of Deputies Chile\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"850f\" id=\"850f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Transparency is instrumental for participation and for accountability\u003C/strong>. But in order to delve into the linkages between transparency and participation with discernment, it is necessary to clarify the concept of ‘transparency’. Transparency is the immediate visibility for citizens of all policy related aspects. It is the contrary of opacity but is can be compatible with a certain closure. It is more demanding that publicity. It can help citizens to engage in policy, be instrumental to accountability and be educational and transformative for citizens. Transparency helps citizens to know and understand whether their government is protecting their rights and delivering on public services. It can range from total transparency to partial transparency. In some cases, partial transparency has been used by governments and parliaments to justify certain decisions. But when transparency is only partial, it cannot be expected to deliver good outcomes as citizens voice their opinion without having the full picture.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"53ab\" id=\"53ab\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Transparency and participation should be regulated by law,\u003C/strong> including through Freedom of Information laws and the rules of procedure of parliament. In Brazil, for instance, the rules of procedure of parliament state the obligation for citizens to participate in committee hearings. That being said, there is not a single legal provision of transparency that could grant access to full access to information. Even when regulated by law, the utopian possibilities of transparency as a means to inclusiveness, universality and transformation, are simply not borne out in reality. For instance, today there is no evidence that Freedom of Information laws on their own have dramatically improved government transparency, responsiveness and accountability.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2dae\" id=\"2dae\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Transparency mostly operates in circumstances of high inequality\u003C/strong>. In these circumstances, having more transparency does not mean that there are better dialogues between government/parliaments and citizens. In this sense, transparency can lead to more inequality and elite capture because only those who have access to resources and the information are able to participate. Ultimately, participation rests on access to information. Where there are information asymmetries, only voices and interests of the resource rich are audible.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"256e\" id=\"256e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Transparency should be accompanied by civic education\u003C/strong> and procedural language of government and parliament should be translated meaningfully to citizen to enable meaningful their participation. Participation channels should be linked to citizen’s interest on a single issue rather than party politics. In Chile, for instance, the parliament has developed an online tool “Ley fácil” (easy law) to make the law understandable for ordinary citizens (https://www.bcn.cl/leyfacil).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9d28\" id=\"9d28\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Transparency is not always the most efficient way to improve a legitimate participatory process and can be very time consuming.\u003C/strong> Some scholars have even gone further and argued that it has a counterproductive effect on democracy. Even if relative transparency is achieved, there are questions regarding the quality of participation (who participates and how, with what degree of sincerity) and the quantity of participation (how many people participate). This is for instance the case in Chile, where public hearings organized by the parliament are mostly attended by men with a legal background and living in the capital and the voices of other stakeholders are not being heard.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"21e8\" id=\"21e8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Transparency makes compromises between representatives more difficult. When discussions are transparent and public, it can harden negotiating positions and make it difficult for elected officials to compromise. Citizens are mostly in favour or against a single issue, while legislation requires compromises and trade-offs between single issues. The more trade-offs are involved, the more trade-offs are required the more difficult it is to have full transparency of the negotiation that led to the compromise. Finally, too much transparency coupled with a lack of understanding of parliamentary/governmental processes, for instance disclosure of donations, can have a dampening effect on participation and lead to increased lack of trust in the institutions and its systems.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2288\" id=\"2288\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In the end, participants agreed that transparency is the ideal default principle, with instrumental value, but should be compatible with exceptions. It should not in itself represent a judgement of democracy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3de6\" id=\"3de6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">*\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/julia-keutgen-3b983ab3/\" data-href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/julia-keutgen-3b983ab3/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Julia Keutgen\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> is ‎a Technical Advisor at the Westminster Foundation for Democracy (WFD)\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/crowdlaw-transparency-and-participation",{"title":2910,"description":2913},"crowdlaw-transparency-and-participation","blogposts/crowdlaw-transparency-and-participation","M5WrK4ASz4SLmA7n89jjPwTb7NhrtLLzjhOYC1l_qcs",{"id":2923,"title":2924,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2925,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2926,"description":2927,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2924,"image":2928,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2929,"meta":2930,"navigation":15,"path":2931,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2932,"slug":2933,"startTime":34,"stem":2934,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2935},"blogposts/blogposts/designing-an-empirical-research-agenda-for-participatory-democracy.json","Designing an Empirical Research Agenda for Participatory Democracy",[],"2018-03-22T20:57:15","Beth Simone Noveck’s talk at the Sociedad de Politicas Publicas in Chile (January 2018)","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*E6gbIf_Ec8SV4cYaomcLHg.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"01a8\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"6b18\" id=\"6b18\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Designing an Empirical Research Agenda for Participatory Democracy\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"9571\" id=\"9571\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">Beth Simone Noveck’s talk at the Sociedad de Politicas Publicas in Chile (January 2018)\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"dc2d\" id=\"dc2d\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*E6gbIf_Ec8SV4cYaomcLHg.jpeg\" data-width=\"2747\" data-height=\"1831\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*E6gbIf_Ec8SV4cYaomcLHg.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Beth Noveck speaks at the 9th meeting of the Sociedad de Politicas Publicas in Chile (January 2018)\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"2d40\" id=\"2d40\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Watch the full talk \u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pw3KGfpzk1o\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pw3KGfpzk1o\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>:\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"8cc5\" id=\"8cc5\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Ciframe src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/pw3KGfpzk1o?feature=oembed\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/designing-an-empirical-research-agenda-for-participatory-democracy",{"title":2924,"description":2927},"designing-an-empirical-research-agenda-for-participatory-democracy","blogposts/designing-an-empirical-research-agenda-for-participatory-democracy","AHxrGgnJHiAQUjzwdi9tJI2Z4RUSqQnOtKMMzHaDttc",{"id":2937,"title":2938,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2939,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2940,"description":2941,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2938,"image":2942,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2943,"meta":2944,"navigation":15,"path":2945,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2946,"slug":2947,"startTime":34,"stem":2948,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2949},"blogposts/blogposts/crowdlaw-as-a-tool-for-open-governance.json","CrowdLaw as a tool for open governance",[],"2018-03-22T13:16:12","By Mukelani Dimba. On March 13–17, 2018 The GovLab brought together two dozen crowdlaw experts from around the world to collaborate on…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*raBZnFDd_0d170LONcx68Q.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"0971\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"a2d2\" id=\"a2d2\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">CrowdLaw as a tool for open governance\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"f686\" id=\"f686\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--h4-em\">By Mukelani Dimba. On March 13–17, 2018 The GovLab brought together two dozen crowdlaw experts from around the world to collaborate on developing new ways to include more and more diverse opinions and expertise at every stage of the law- and policy-making process. The convening was held at the Rockefeller Foundation’s famed Bellagio Center in Bellagio, Italy. This post is the first in a series of blog posts from the crowdlaw conference participants.\u003C/em>\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"01c4\" id=\"01c4\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*raBZnFDd_0d170LONcx68Q.png\" data-width=\"865\" data-height=\"648\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*raBZnFDd_0d170LONcx68Q.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">A breakout session at the three-day CrowdLaw conference hosted at the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center in Italy. (Picture by Beth Simone Noveck)\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"75fd\" id=\"75fd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The beauty of the northern Italian town of Bellagio on Lake Como transcends all natural elements. It is beautiful when the temperature drops and white snow caps the early Alps and fog is suspended between the quiet lake and the mountains. It is also beautiful when warm sun rays that blanket the entire Larian triangle bringing out the mallard ducks to come out and frolic on the lake. Bellagio provided the backdrop last week (sometimes literally, see picture) for a global meeting of data scientists, political theorists, academics and open governance practitioners to consider risks, benefits and opportunities for CrowdLaw, a cutting-edge idea for using technology to enhance public participation in urban law making. CrowdLaw is about informing, consulting involving, collaborating with, and empowering the public in the work of lawmaking bodies at local government levels. It is a technology-enabled participatory lawmaking mechanism.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"15e0\" id=\"15e0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Democracy is whole lot like Bellagio. Throughout the vicissitudes of democratic practice, the highs and lows, democracy remains the best form of governance (of all the ones that have hitherto been tried, to paraphrase Churchill). But democracy is a lot more than voting for public representatives every four or five years. Real democracy is about people’s participation in decision making about matters that affect their daily lives. Participation is the currency we use to enjoy the benefits of democracy. Without participation, we lose democracy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7856\" id=\"7856\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">However, that which does not transform with the changes in the environment is bound to become extinct. This is true for living organisms and ideas alike. Technological advancement is influencing every aspect of our lives, from how we interact with those around us to how we work, how we play, how we perceive the world and events around us. Likewise, technological advancement is transforming entire industries, professions and areas of knowledge. However the one area that seems still unsure about how to respond to change brought about by technological innovation, is the governance field.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7901\" id=\"7901\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">I use the term “governance field” as the broad rubric that encompasses fields such as democratic practice, policy formulation and law making. While mobile banking, artificial intelligence (AI)-supported infrastructure design and usage of virtual reality in medical procedures have become standard features of modern life, there is still only minimal uptake of electronic or online voting during national elections, to give one example. While there are hundreds of examples and recorded best practice on how governments are using online and offline mechanisms to promote participation in policy formulation, the incorporation of new technologies into the entire law-making circle (problem identification, options identification, drafting, decision, implementation and review) at local levels of government are few and far in between but there are good examples (that will be elaborated on in subsequent blogs in this series). In some instances, existing legal frameworks have often been slow to respond to swift and sudden technological changes, rendering them — at least in part — unable to fully accommodate the areas they are meant to regulate.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0a76\" id=\"0a76\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">There are strong arguments that technology is not the only (or even preferred) medium for enhancing public participation in law making. However, it is also true that traditional, mostly offline, mechanisms for public participation tend to favour those “in the know” and those that have access to information and resources to enable them to send their positions to legislative authorities or travel to seats of government to engage with lawmakers. The rapid growth of the rates of penetration of mobile phones globally,¹ means there are now greater opportunities to enable broad-based participation in law-making processes using technology. In instances of inequality technology can be a great leveler and can have a democratising effect and thus enabling more inclusive lawmaking.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d207\" id=\"d207\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">If the governance area of knowledge and practice fails to adopt technological change, might it also fray, wither and become extinct? The concept itself cannot be said to be vulnerable to extinction but different approaches to governance could become irrelevant over time if they are not modernised. I believe that this is the case with the practice of democracy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2a5e\" id=\"2a5e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Fortunately there are many individuals, organisations and governments that are working together to experiment with how technology can be used to enhance the practice of democracy. These experiments are coming at the right time as the world experiences a sharp decline in public trust of governments. Multi-stakeholder initiatives such the the Open Government Partnership (OGP) working with governments, civil society groups and civic tech proponents are creating exciting new platforms that seek to enable deeper and more impactful engagement between the public and their governments on the conduct of public affairs and management of shrinking public resources. Governments across the globe are piloting new forms of engagement and feedback mechanisms to better understand and meet the needs of citizens, be it through online consultations, community score cards or e-services, to name a few.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"196d\" id=\"196d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The group convened at Bellagio by Professor Beth Noveck, head of The Governance Lab considered ways of nurturing a movement that will drive this important work through global project mapping, research into the effectiveness of these initiatives and development of norms and standards for implementing CrowdLaw. According to Prof. Noveck,²\u003C/p>\u003Cblockquote name=\"8af9\" id=\"8af9\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Technology offers the promise of opening how lawmaking bodies work and making lawmakers accountable to the public more than just on Election Day. CrowdLaw offers an alternative to the traditional method of lawmaking, which is typically done by professional staff and politicians working behind closed doors and with little direct input from the people legislation affects. Instead, we start from the hypothesis that, designed right, with the aim of improving the quality of outputs, there are opportunities at each stage of the lawmaking process, including problem definition, solution identification, research and drafting, subsequent crafting of implementing regulations, and monitoring of outcomes, to introduce greater expertise into the legislative process efficiently. At the same time, we acknowledge that, designed wrong, without regard for outcomes, engagement may only hamstring decision-making and deepen distrust of government.”\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cp name=\"29cd\" id=\"29cd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--blockquote\">Prof. Noveck’s warning about some of the potential pitfalls of CrowdLaw is important. Implementing CrowdLaw comes at a cost in time, resources and, most importantly, ordinary people’s wishes and expectations. The value proposition for implementing and participating in CrowdLaw initiatives for both governments and the public has to be well articulated and based on evidence from pioneering initiatives.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c1af\" id=\"c1af\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">While the case for the benefits of CrowdLaw for the public is easily made, more work needs to be done to demonstrate how CrowdLaw can strengthen existing public participation processes and how it can help governments graduate up the continuum of public participation by moving from informing, consulting and involving the public to collaboration with, and empowerment of, the public. The position of CrowdLaw within the broader ecosystem of governance-enhancement concepts, for example participatory budgeting and legislative openness, will also require more analysis. CrowdLaw champions will further need to grapple with the question of limitation of access (to information and participation) as a legally recognised provision in public law. While the CrowdLaw ideal is to place the public throughout the vein of legislative process, the contours of the limitations to public participation will need to be articulated and guidelines must be offered to CrowdLaw implementers on the government side.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"352a\" id=\"352a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">With 76 Open Government Partnership (OGP) countries and subnational entities (municipal, provincial, state or devolved governments) currently drafting their action plans, OGP is an ideal incubator for CrowdLaw — especially with a view to curating knowledge and early lessons on “how technology can facilitate more participatory lawmaking in cities, and the benefits potential, risks and metrics”, as Prof. Noveck puts it.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bd48\" id=\"bd48\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">There are clear synergies between the intentions of CrowdLaw and OGP’s stated agenda of promoting parliamentary/legislative openness. The CrowdLaw concept presents OGP participating countries and subnational entities with a tool to test the possibilities of innovation in making legislative process more open and collaborative.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a32d\" id=\"a32d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">It could well be that an idea hatched in a quiet little corner of Lake Como will resound around the world and fundamentally transform law-making processes forever. This is a good thing — perhaps a fundamental shake up is what is needed to restore the public’s faith in democracy and government.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"32e7\" id=\"32e7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">*\u003Ca href=\"https://www.opengovpartnership.org/people/mukelani-dimba\" data-href=\"https://www.opengovpartnership.org/people/mukelani-dimba\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Mukelani Dimba\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> is the civil society co-chair of the Open Government Partnership\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"d9e4\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"2a7e\" id=\"2a7e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">FOOTNOTES:\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">¹According to the statistics portal, Statista, the global number of mobile phone users was 4,77 billion users in 2017 and it is forecast to reach 5 billion users in 2019. This is 67% mobile phone penetration. 50% of all mobile phone users currently use smartphones. Data available at \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.statista.com/statistics/274774/forecast-of-mobile-phone-users-worldwide/\" data-href=\"https://www.statista.com/statistics/274774/forecast-of-mobile-phone-users-worldwide/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">https://www.statista.com/statistics/274774/forecast-of-mobile-phone-users-worldwide/\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fc53\" id=\"fc53\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">²Beth Simone Noveck, Director, The Governance Lab, e-mail communication with author, 13 November 2017.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/crowdlaw-as-a-tool-for-open-governance",{"title":2938,"description":2941},"crowdlaw-as-a-tool-for-open-governance","blogposts/crowdlaw-as-a-tool-for-open-governance","oef3WU5XeQjciJVbLIazDIYjvM0gDx99cdw3rRr3n7c",{"id":2951,"title":2952,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2953,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2954,"description":2955,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2952,"image":2956,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2957,"meta":2958,"navigation":15,"path":2959,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2960,"slug":2961,"startTime":34,"stem":2962,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2963},"blogposts/blogposts/crowdlaw-people-led-innovation-in-urban-lawmaking.json","CrowdLaw: People-led Innovation in Urban Lawmaking",[],"2018-03-13T14:35:10","Beginning today, the GovLab is organizing a three-day conference taking place in the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center located at the…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*UqFEFXtcL1DCCXQZZbhSjw.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"d6f2\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"39d2\" id=\"39d2\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">CrowdLaw: People-led Innovation in Urban Lawmaking\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"6b59\" id=\"6b59\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">Beginning today, the GovLab is organizing a three-day conference taking place in the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center located at the heart of Lake Como in Northern Italy.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"7e16\" id=\"7e16\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">By Victoria Alsina\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"08c4\" id=\"08c4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We start from the premise that crowdlaw, especially at the municipal level, could offer the potential for a two-way conversation that could channel more and more diverse opinions and expertise at every stage of the law- and policy-making cycle, and may thereby improve the quality and diversity of information in the process and the effectiveness of resulting outcomes.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d26d\" id=\"d26d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">However, many unknowns remain:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8f87\" id=\"8f87\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">‣ What are the current challenges and problems with urban law and policymaking?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"891d\" id=\"891d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">‣ Can new forms of participation enhance the legitimacy of lawmaking?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dcbc\" id=\"dcbc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">‣ Can new forms of participation enhance the quality of lawmaking and its effectiveness?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d0e7\" id=\"d0e7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">‣ What kinds of proposed law and policies can be improved through more participation?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5282\" id=\"5282\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">‣ What stage(s) in the lawmaking are best suited to participation?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6bbf\" id=\"6bbf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">‣ How do we reconcile the tension between deliberation — ensuring that all voices are heard — and participation\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6147\" id=\"6147\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">focused on enhancing expertise?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"22de\" id=\"22de\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">‣ What are the best incentives to encourage people to participate?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d962\" id=\"d962\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">‣ How do political and legal institutions need to change to make use of public engagement?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a13f\" id=\"a13f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">‣ How does crowdlaw upend representative democracy? What is the impact on power?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e291\" id=\"e291\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">‣ What are the risks and dangers of more open and participatory lawmaking?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"be32\" id=\"be32\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">‣ What are the barriers to adoption and implementation?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6073\" id=\"6073\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">‣ How do we measure impact and outcomes? What constitutes success?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e984\" id=\"e984\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To explore these questions, we are convening 23 global experts from academia, public sector, industry and civil society. The conference participants are as follows:\u003C/p>\u003Col class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"0e58\" id=\"0e58\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Victoria Alsina — Faculty Associate Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6d1b\" id=\"6d1b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Robert Bjarnason — President & Co-founder, Citizens Foundation; Better Reykjavik\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"82a2\" id=\"82a2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Pablo Collada — Executive Director, Fundación Ciudadano Inteligente\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c7af\" id=\"c7af\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Luis Cueto Álvarez de Sotomayor — General Coordinator of the Mayor, Madrid City Council\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d751\" id=\"d751\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Mukelani Dimba — Co-chair, Open Government Partnership\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7aee\" id=\"7aee\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Cristiano Ferri Faría — Director, Hacker Lab, Brazilian House of Representatives\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5159\" id=\"5159\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Nicola Forster — President and Founder, Swiss Forum on Foreign Policy\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e350\" id=\"e350\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Alvaro Herrero — Under Secretary for Strategic Management and Institutional Quality, Buenos Aires City Government\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"50eb\" id=\"50eb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Scott Hubli — Director of Governance Programs, National Democratic Institute\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b2b0\" id=\"b2b0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Julia Keutgen — Technical Adviser, Westminster Foundation for Democracy\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7b52\" id=\"7b52\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Hélène Landemore — Associate Professor of Political Science, Yale University\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c215\" id=\"c215\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Raffaele Lillo — Chief Data Officer, Digital Transformation Team\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"dfb3\" id=\"dfb3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Shu-Yang Lin — re:architect & co-founder, PDIS.tw\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5cc2\" id=\"5cc2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">José Luis Martí — Vice-Rector for Innovation and Professor of Legal Philosophy, Universitat Pompeu Fabra\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"89ee\" id=\"89ee\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Jessica Musila — Executive Director, Mzalendo\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"58f7\" id=\"58f7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Tarik Nesh-Nash — CEO & Co-founder, GovRight; Ashoka Fellow\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6650\" id=\"6650\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Beth Simone Noveck, Director — The GovLab and Professor at New York University Tandon School of Engineering\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"234b\" id=\"234b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Marta Poblet Balcell — Associate Professor, RMIT University\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c680\" id=\"c680\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Sabine Romon — Chief Smart City Officer — General Secretariat, Paris City Council\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2069\" id=\"2069\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Veronica Seguel Ilabaca — Chief of Access to Information and Transparency Unit, Chamber of Deputies, Chile\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b62c\" id=\"b62c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Ehud (Udi) Shapiro — Professor of Computer Science and Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"65b2\" id=\"65b2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Diego Piacentini — Government Commissioner for the Digital Agenda, Presidency of the Council of Ministers, Italy\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1b2a\" id=\"1b2a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Francesca Bria — Chief Technology and Digital Innovation Officer, Comissionada de Tecnologia i Innovació Digital, Barcelona City Council\u003C/li>\u003C/ol>\u003Cp name=\"fc6b\" id=\"fc6b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">For more details, please see the complete bios \u003Ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/open?id=1POJnBUxo_gbpBEoZxcg5ZrU_Y_Ow_dWe\" data-href=\"https://drive.google.com/open?id=1POJnBUxo_gbpBEoZxcg5ZrU_Y_Ow_dWe\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f65a\" id=\"f65a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">During the course of the conference, the group will address several topics in the following sessions:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b9c4\" id=\"b9c4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Current State of Participatory Urban Policymaking\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Moderator: Scott Hubli, \u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">National Democratic Institute\u003C/em>\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Roundtable discussion of current practices and platforms\u003C/em>\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Goal: the development of a first draft of the components that make up new crowdlaw practices (taxonomy)\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a15d\" id=\"a15d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Future State: CrowdLaw and Legitimacy\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Moderator: José Luis Martí, \u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Universitat Pompeu Fabra\u003C/em>\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">From focusing on the current state, we now shift to exploring visions for the future. \u003C/em>\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Goal: from the incremental to the revolutionary, we want to discuss our vision for the evolution of democracy and governance and explore the tensions between these visions.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3e1f\" id=\"3e1f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Walk and Talk: “Crowdsourced Constitutional”\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Participants pair up to walk and talk about the CrowdLaw Principles\u003C/em>\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Goal: determine what it should and should not include and why, and the components that make up new crowdlaw practices (CrowdLaw Taxonomy)\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e3b3\" id=\"e3b3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Discussion and Drafting Work on the CrowdLaw Principles and Taxonomy\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Moderator: Victoria Alsina,\u003C/strong> \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Harvard University\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3cab\" id=\"3cab\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">CrowdLaw Experiments\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Goal: expand our understanding of discuss the barriers to success for crowdlaw and the designs for potential experiments for testing the effectiveness of crowdlaw practices.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fe50\" id=\"fe50\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Designing for Engagement: Incentives and Risks\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Moderator: Shu-Yang Lin,\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> PDIS.tw\u003C/em>\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">What are the incentives for participation, especially for young people? What about businesses and employees? How does our understanding of incentives impact the design of our experiments? \u003C/em>\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Goal: determine how we can get the public to participate, how we can create incentives for cities and city councils to open up?\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ce7a\" id=\"ce7a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Transparency and Participation\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4c96\" id=\"4c96\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Moderator: Julia Keutgen,\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> Westminster Foundation for Democracy\u003C/em>\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Much progress has been made to push legislatures and city councils towards more transparency. \u003C/em>\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Goal: determine in what ways does participation depend on more transparency? In what instances is transparency counter-productive to more engagement?\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"194d\" id=\"194d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">New Technologies and CrowdLaw: A.I., Blockchain, Big Data, Machine Learning, Augmented Reality\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Moderator: Pablo Collada,\u003C/strong> \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Fundación Ciudadano Inteligente\u003C/em>\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">We want to envision the future for the application of cutting-edge technologies for engagement. Goal: determine how new technologies change the potential for participation? How does the future of institutions look different as a result of new tools?\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b848\" id=\"b848\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Movement Building and Scale\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Moderator: Nicola Forster,\u003C/strong> \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Swiss Forum on Foreign Policy\u003C/em>\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Our last day is very outcome focused.\u003C/em>\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Goal: flesh out final deliverables and discuss strategies for movement building and scale.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d07d\" id=\"d07d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Legislative Frameworks for Crowdlaw\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Moderator: Marta Poblet Balcell\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, RMIT\u003C/em>\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Brief presentation of a comparative analysis of the current legislation institutionalizing and mandating the use of citizen engagement in lawmaking and, following, group discussion.\u003C/em>\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Goal: determine if crowdlaw demands legislation to succeed? How should we regulate crowdlaw?\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"14b8\" id=\"14b8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Role of Public Officials\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Moderator: Mukelani Dimba\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Open Government Partnership\u003C/em>\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Are public employees and managers well trained to design and implement crowdlaw practices? Goal: determine the more effective way to train public officials. How can we promote mutual learning and collaboration? How can we ensure that public engagement practices fulfill the needs of both individual and institutional end-users?\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ed52\" id=\"ed52\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For more details on the schedule and the goals of the sessions, please see the full program \u003Ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/open?id=17gxr8WjSMMuXf_awkGxmKeldWOu9NCPD\" data-href=\"https://drive.google.com/open?id=17gxr8WjSMMuXf_awkGxmKeldWOu9NCPD\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6165\" id=\"6165\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For nearly 60 years, the Rockefeller Bellagio Center has supported many meaningful advances through its conference programs and is globally renowned for fostering cross-cultural and interdisciplinary exchange. The Center’s prestige and its prime location enable gatherings that bring together decision makers from across sectors and Bellagio has served as the launching pad for landmark initiatives such as the Green Revolution, the Forum for African Women Educationalists or the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization. For more information, please visit: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.rockefellerfoundation.org/our-work/bellagio-center/about-bellagio/\" data-href=\"https://www.rockefellerfoundation.org/our-work/bellagio-center/about-bellagio/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.rockefellerfoundation.org/our-work/bellagio-center/about-bellagio/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"9c3c\" id=\"9c3c\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*UqFEFXtcL1DCCXQZZbhSjw.jpeg\" data-width=\"10200\" data-height=\"13200\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*UqFEFXtcL1DCCXQZZbhSjw.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/crowdlaw-people-led-innovation-in-urban-lawmaking",{"title":2952,"description":2955},"crowdlaw-people-led-innovation-in-urban-lawmaking","blogposts/crowdlaw-people-led-innovation-in-urban-lawmaking","ClO-4pCmC1R9v5PhcaA8UJWyKRJewjQWJR9klogrj-s",{"id":2965,"title":2966,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2967,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2968,"description":2969,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2966,"image":2970,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2971,"meta":2972,"navigation":15,"path":2973,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2974,"slug":2975,"startTime":34,"stem":2976,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2977},"blogposts/blogposts/our-opportunity-for-more-data-driven-nonprofit-program-evaluation.json","Our Opportunity for More Data-Driven Nonprofit Program Evaluation",[],"2018-01-26T17:56:17","To accelerate the ethical use of sensitive data, governments and universities are setting up new systems to give secure access to their…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*PhrdmvtFUkjuViVeFxiNOQ.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"2739\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"d6ff\" id=\"d6ff\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Our Opportunity for More Data-Driven Nonprofit Program Evaluation\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"4d93\" id=\"4d93\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">To accelerate the ethical use of sensitive data, governments and universities are setting up new systems to give secure access to their researchers. However, if they want to be able to evaluate the full range of social service programs, they also need to make this data is useful to nonprofits.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"7bf8\" id=\"7bf8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">By Tracey Gyateng and Beth Simone Noveck. Originally posted in SSIR on January 24, 2018.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"a3f9\" id=\"a3f9\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*PhrdmvtFUkjuViVeFxiNOQ.jpeg\" data-width=\"2000\" data-height=\"1000\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*PhrdmvtFUkjuViVeFxiNOQ.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"ed6e\" id=\"ed6e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Last November, the US House of Representatives unanimously passed the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/4174\" data-href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/4174\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Foundations for Evidence-Based Policymaking Act of 2017\u003C/a> (HR 4174), and it looks slated to pass the Senate this year. In an era known for the absence of legislative consensus, this bipartisan bill addresses one of the few issues on which there is near universal agreement: To improve the effective delivery of social policies and programs, we need the efficient production and use of rigorous evidence to become a routine part of government operations and public policymaking. Although government has long collected administrative data, increasingly in digital form, government agencies \u003Ca href=\"http://www.governing.com/commentary/col-data-policy-labs-states-urgently-need.html\" data-href=\"http://www.governing.com/commentary/col-data-policy-labs-states-urgently-need.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">have struggled\u003C/a> to create the infrastructure and acquire the skills needed to make use of sensitive and personally identifiable information to improve governing.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5db6\" id=\"5db6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As urgent as the legislation’s provisions are to support more evidence-based policymaking by mandating an inventory of all government data, the bill focuses exclusively on enabling government to use its own data better without considering the needs of nonprofits. This is a mistake.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"28ff\" id=\"28ff\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Nonprofits represent more than \u003Ca href=\"https://www.urban.org/research/publication/nonprofit-sector-brief-2015-public-charities-giving-and-volunteering\" data-href=\"https://www.urban.org/research/publication/nonprofit-sector-brief-2015-public-charities-giving-and-volunteering\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">five percent\u003C/a> of GDP in the United States, and provide direct social services and assistance to millions of people, often with the support of government grants. If we do not make the same data infrastructure — including tools, governance mechanisms, and trained personnel — available to the social sector, it is as if we are building a road designed for trucks, but not cars. Before we can ensure that taxpayer dollars are well-spent on programs that work, we need to create a data infrastructure that enables both government agencies \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">and\u003C/em> nonprofits to use administrative data to evaluate their programs.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bcc3\" id=\"bcc3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Fortunately, there exists the means to do so without new legislation, namely by enabling the nonprofit sector to take advantage of “data labs” — systems governments and universities are building for program evaluation that securely provide administrative data for research and evaluation purposes.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0a69\" id=\"0a69\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Read the full article \u003Ca href=\"https://ssir.org/articles/entry/our_opportunity_for_more_data_driven_nonprofit_program_evaluation?platform=hootsuite\" data-href=\"https://ssir.org/articles/entry/our_opportunity_for_more_data_driven_nonprofit_program_evaluation?platform=hootsuite\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/our-opportunity-for-more-data-driven-nonprofit-program-evaluation",{"title":2966,"description":2969},"our-opportunity-for-more-data-driven-nonprofit-program-evaluation","blogposts/our-opportunity-for-more-data-driven-nonprofit-program-evaluation","jxm7JlN0Y7OE6-y_ytEzvxC_3FjJJcwr9ntu3AL_MG0",{"id":2979,"title":2980,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2981,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2982,"description":2983,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2980,"image":2984,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2985,"meta":2986,"navigation":15,"path":2987,"registrationLink":34,"seo":2988,"slug":2989,"startTime":34,"stem":2990,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":2991},"blogposts/blogposts/city-challenges-collaborative-governing-for-public-problem-solving.json","City Challenges: Collaborative Governing for Public Problem Solving",[],"2018-01-26T17:46:53","By Beth Simone Noveck and Dinorah Cantú-Pedraza. Originally posted on Forbes.","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*PR_S2z3KTEOIPRacGv2idQ.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"84cc\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"3b67\" id=\"3b67\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">City Challenges: Collaborative Governing for Public Problem Solving\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"f4e9\" id=\"f4e9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">By Beth Simone Noveck and Dinorah Cantú-Pedraza. Originally posted on Forbes.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"494f\" id=\"494f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*PR_S2z3KTEOIPRacGv2idQ.jpeg\" data-width=\"960\" data-height=\"720\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*PR_S2z3KTEOIPRacGv2idQ.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Launching of the coaching program with the selected participants of DesafíoSP, 2017\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"c53b\" id=\"c53b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">DesafiosSP: An Experiment in Collaborative Urban Governance\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"01d2\" id=\"01d2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">City Councilmember Graciela Reyes was elected as one of Mexico’s first independent councillors for the Municipality of San Pedro, an affluent mid-sized community of about 150,000 outside the Mexican city of Monterrey about two hours from Texas. With the backing of the Mayor, Reyes launched the \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Desafíos \u003C/em>or Challenges program on October 8, 2016 to invite the public to collaborate in the creation of better policies and services with the municipality. Uncharacteristically, these forward-thinking politicians were willing to say, “we don’t have all the answers” and tap into the intelligence and expertise of their own community to do better.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cbbe\" id=\"cbbe\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Among the questions posed to the public was how to reduce the time kids spent driving to school in San Pedro.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"341c\" id=\"341c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As the \u003Ca href=\"https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/index.php?page=view&type=400&nr=746&menu=1515\" data-href=\"https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/index.php?page=view&type=400&nr=746&menu=1515\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">most urbanized region\u003C/a> of the planet, Latin America’s cities are growing rapidly — too rapidly to ensure effective mobility. The Monterrey region is no different. The residents of San Pedro, \u003Ca href=\"http://inegifacil.com/indicadores/1011000057/19019\" data-href=\"http://inegifacil.com/indicadores/1011000057/19019\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">who own 1.34 cars per inhabitant\u003C/a>, were spending more and more time in traffic, including its school children, 85 percent of whom were driven to school individually, taking a significant toll on health (\u003Ca href=\"http://www.who.int/phe/publications/air-pollution-global-assessment/en/\" data-href=\"http://www.who.int/phe/publications/air-pollution-global-assessment/en/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the World Health Organization reported Monterrey has the most polluted air in Mexico\u003C/a>) and economic productivity.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"222e\" id=\"222e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Thus, the municipality (with the help of Codeando Mexico and the GovLab) asked its community to help solve the mobility crisis and three other urgent urban challenges, including how to reduce pollution; improve government efficiency; and enhance public spaces.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"eaf2\" id=\"eaf2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Read the full article \u003Ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/bethsimonenoveck/2018/01/24/city-challenges-collaborative-governing-for-public-problem-solving/#79dffa2f6df3\" data-href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/bethsimonenoveck/2018/01/24/city-challenges-collaborative-governing-for-public-problem-solving/#79dffa2f6df3\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/city-challenges-collaborative-governing-for-public-problem-solving",{"title":2980,"description":2983},"city-challenges-collaborative-governing-for-public-problem-solving","blogposts/city-challenges-collaborative-governing-for-public-problem-solving","x9lRdxZCOC-pf824DJC1nJRlPPff6B9TBnlGkxNMpqs",{"id":2993,"title":2994,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":2995,"body":34,"category":34,"date":2996,"description":2997,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":2994,"image":2998,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":2999,"meta":3000,"navigation":15,"path":3001,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3002,"slug":3003,"startTime":34,"stem":3004,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3005},"blogposts/blogposts/congress-is-broken-crowdlaw-could-help-fix-it.json","Congress Is Broken. CrowdLaw Could Help Fix It",[],"2018-01-24T07:38:30","By Beth Simone Noveck. Originally posted on Forbes.","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*JYpPbwNXiJAuosB5DSc3RQ.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"4e5a\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"2700\" id=\"2700\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Congress Is Broken. CrowdLaw Could Help Fix It\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"4476\" id=\"4476\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">By Beth Simone Noveck. Originally posted on Forbes.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"74c5\" id=\"74c5\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*JYpPbwNXiJAuosB5DSc3RQ.jpeg\" data-width=\"960\" data-height=\"640\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*JYpPbwNXiJAuosB5DSc3RQ.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">U.S. House Speaker Paul Ryan (R-WI), Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell (R-KY) and Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer (D-NY) attend a congressional Gold Medal ceremony for former Senate Majority Leader Bob Dole at the U.S. Capitol, Jan. 17. (Photo by Al Drago-Pool/Getty Images)\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"8403\" id=\"8403\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The government was closed for business this weekend. It is, thus, hardly any surprise that the American public lacks trust in its legislature. Just eight percent of people say they have a great deal of confidence in the institution, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/17/578422668/heres-just-how-little-confidence-americans-have-in-political-institutions\" data-href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/17/578422668/heres-just-how-little-confidence-americans-have-in-political-institutions\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">according to a recent poll\u003C/a>. A late-night government shutdown, the inability to agree on immigration reform, bitter partisan wrangling over healthcare and tax policy, and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/statistics\" data-href=\"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/statistics\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the lowest levels of productivity\u003C/a>in history, and it is no wonder that rates of trust in government and in Congress, in particular, are at an all-time low.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3c72\" id=\"3c72\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The way Congress makes law is simply no longer viable. In David Schoenbrod’s recent book \u003Ca href=\"http://www.dc-confidential.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.dc-confidential.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">DC Confidential\u003C/a>, he outlines “five tricks” politicians use to take credit in front of television cameras in order to further political party agendas while passing the blame and the buck to future generations for bad legislation. Although Congress makes the laws that govern all Americans, people also feel disenfranchised. One \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/perspectives-on-politics/article/testing-theories-of-american-politics-elites-interest-groups-and-average-citizens/62327F513959D0A304D4893B382B992B\" data-href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/perspectives-on-politics/article/testing-theories-of-american-politics-elites-interest-groups-and-average-citizens/62327F513959D0A304D4893B382B992B\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">study\u003C/a>concludes that “the preferences of the average American appear to have only a minuscule, near-zero, statistically non-significant impact upon public policy.” But technology offers the promise of improving both the quality and accountability of lawmaking by opening up the process to more and more diverse expertise and input from the public at every stage of the legislative process. We call such open and participatory lawmaking: “CrowdLaw.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d394\" id=\"d394\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Read the full article here:\u003Ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/bethsimonenoveck/2018/01/23/congress-is-broken-crowdlaw-could-help-fix-it/#2e60468eeeda\" data-href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/bethsimonenoveck/2018/01/23/congress-is-broken-crowdlaw-could-help-fix-it/#2e60468eeeda\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.forbes.com/sites/bethsimonenoveck/2018/01/23/congress-is-broken-crowdlaw-could-help-fix-it/#2e60468eeeda\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/congress-is-broken-crowdlaw-could-help-fix-it",{"title":2994,"description":2997},"congress-is-broken-crowdlaw-could-help-fix-it","blogposts/congress-is-broken-crowdlaw-could-help-fix-it","wSOPlHJ2aWQ37sqmFUYulw7dSjbd4IW8axJoUGSQ8Es",{"id":3007,"title":3008,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3009,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3010,"description":3011,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3008,"image":3012,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3013,"meta":3014,"navigation":15,"path":3015,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3016,"slug":3017,"startTime":34,"stem":3018,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3019},"blogposts/blogposts/the-policy-labs-we-urgently-need.json","The Policy Labs We Urgently Need",[],"2017-12-13T14:11:06","(Cross-posted from Governing) When it comes to evidence-based policymaking, states are out ahead of the feds.","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*Hd3enm5T35_6nN0r9A9Atw.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"9639\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"34c7\" id=\"34c7\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*Hd3enm5T35_6nN0r9A9Atw.jpeg\" data-width=\"1024\" data-height=\"768\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*Hd3enm5T35_6nN0r9A9Atw.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">One of the campuses of the California Policy Lab is based at U.C.L.A (Image By Thomas (originally posted to Flickr as LA from the Getty) [CC BY 2.0 (\u003Ca href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0\" data-href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0\u003C/a>)], via Wikimedia Commons)\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"81b5\" id=\"81b5\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">The Policy Labs We Urgently Need\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"2912\" id=\"2912\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">When it comes to evidence-based policymaking, states are out ahead of the feds. But these efforts to turn data into insights should be expanded.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"a599\" id=\"a599\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">By \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/beth-noveck.html\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/beth-noveck.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Beth Simone Noveck\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/team.html#anirudh-dinesh\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/team.html#anirudh-dinesh\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Anirudh Dinesh\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3c22\" id=\"3c22\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Cross-posted from Governing, December 13, 2017. Original article \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://www.governing.com/commentary/col-data-policy-labs-states-urgently-need.html\" data-href=\"http://www.governing.com/commentary/col-data-policy-labs-states-urgently-need.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6e52\" id=\"6e52\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Following a bipartisan call to “improve the evidence available for making decisions about government programs and policies,” Congress is poised to pass \u003Ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/4174\" data-href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/4174\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">legislation\u003C/a> to establish secure infrastructure to accelerate statistical uses of federal administrative data while also ensuring stringent privacy protections for that data. But some states are already out ahead, establishing offices known as data labs or policy labs to enable them to partner with academia and make use of their administrative data to evaluate and improve programs and policies.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1d9f\" id=\"1d9f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">By providing the technical infrastructure and governance mechanisms to help governments gain access to much-needed analytical talent, these data labs (along with \u003Ca href=\"http://www.governing.com/commentary/col-why-every-mayor-should-consider-launching-policy-lab.html\" data-href=\"http://www.governing.com/commentary/col-why-every-mayor-should-consider-launching-policy-lab.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">those being established by local governments\u003C/a>) are helping to convert data into insights and driving more evidence-based policymaking and service delivery. Urgently needed, however, are more such labs with the capacity to turn the data that states collect into improvements in policies and services. And existing labs need to be expanded to enable nonprofits to evaluate their own offerings using state data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"eab5\" id=\"eab5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">These labs are small groups of data analysts working inside or in tandem with government agencies to make administrative data more usable for policy evaluation while safeguarding personal privacy. And while these initiatives vary widely in their implementation, some states — including California, Illinois, Pennsylvania and Rhode Island — have achieved measurable successes by facilitating collaborations between government and academia.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"44d4\" id=\"44d4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The \u003Ca href=\"https://www.capolicylab.org\" data-href=\"https://www.capolicylab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">California Policy Lab (CPL)\u003C/a>, for example, is a university-government partnership, created this year and based at UCLA and the University of California at Berkeley, that aims to help cities, counties and the state improve public programs through empirical research, program evaluations and technical assistance provided by the universities. In a \u003Ca href=\"https://www.capolicylab.org/californias-enhanced-drug-and-contraband-interdiction-program/\" data-href=\"https://www.capolicylab.org/californias-enhanced-drug-and-contraband-interdiction-program/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">recent study\u003C/a>, CPL evaluated California’s Enhanced Drug and Contraband Interdiction Program (EDCIP) and found that while the most intensive version of the program had led to a 23 percent decline in random-drug-test failure rates, it also showed a notable increase in inmate misconduct driven by drug-related rule violations. The findings led to Gov. Jerry Brown \u003Ca href=\"http://www.sfchronicle.com/crime/article/California-shifts-from-scanners-to-dogs-to-halt-11144185.php\" data-href=\"http://www.sfchronicle.com/crime/article/California-shifts-from-scanners-to-dogs-to-halt-11144185.php\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">scrapping\u003C/a> the $15 million program in favor of an increased number of sniffer dogs to uncover drugs in prisons.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"07f2\" id=\"07f2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In Chicago, the \u003Ca href=\"https://fcda.chapinhall.org\" data-href=\"https://fcda.chapinhall.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Center for Child Welfare Data\u003C/a> helps multiple state governments create secure, longitudinal databases to make better use of their own data to help children. For example, the center helped Tennessee’s Department of Children’s Services build the infrastructure needed to monitor the experience of children who were found to be victims of child abuse or neglect and placed in foster care after the state was sued for its management of the foster-care program.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b4db\" id=\"b4db\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Some of these labs have a long history. Washington’s legislature set up the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov\" data-href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Washington State Institute for Public Policy\u003C/a> back in 1983 to help policymakers make more evidence-based decisions. The institute’s cost-benefit evaluation tool to analyze public programs became so popular that it has been replicated in 25 other states as part of the Pew-MacArthur \u003Ca href=\"http://www.pewstates.org/projects/pew-macarthur-results-first-initiative-328069\" data-href=\"http://www.pewstates.org/projects/pew-macarthur-results-first-initiative-328069\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Results First Initiative\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fea1\" id=\"fea1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Yet another interesting model of a data lab comes from the United Kingdom, where the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thinknpc.org/our-work/projects/data-labs/justice-data-lab/\" data-href=\"http://www.thinknpc.org/our-work/projects/data-labs/justice-data-lab/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Justice Data Lab\u003C/a> (JDL), a facility in the Ministry of Justice staffed by only four full-time employees, was established to allow external social-services providers (NGOs and nonprofits) to evaluate the impact of their interventions by leveraging the administrative data held by the ministry. The Justice Data Lab model works by allowing only JDL staff to access and analyze personally identified data, sharing only the results of the evaluations, and not the data, with those outside the ministry.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2fd8\" id=\"2fd8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In every case, the goal of a data lab is identical: to improve public services by facilitating analysis of programs. But they vary in how they operate. In collaboration with U.K.-based New Philanthropy Capital, the Governance Lab at New York University has developed \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-labs\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-labs\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">a series of case studies\u003C/a> to better our understanding of the existing landscape of data labs, to learn from their successes and drawbacks, and to help inform those who might be interested in setting up their own labs. In particular, the case studies look at the governance processes employed to share or access data and how these labs solicit expertise to enable program evaluation. The goal of the case studies is to provide data owners, particularly those that hold personally identifiable data, with a blueprint to securely, responsibly and ethically share that information.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dca5\" id=\"dca5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The case studies show that several factors need to be taken into consideration when standing up a data lab. These include defining what services the lab will offer (such as evaluation, data cleaning, integration and establishment of knowledge-sharing networks); deciding whether a lab should be established within government or outside it; and determining whether it will serve only government or allow social-sector nonprofits and NGOs to avail themselves of its services. The studies also show that although technology is vital, the real linchpin for a successful lab is its ability to mobilize the human capital and talent needed to generate insights from the data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cc26\" id=\"cc26\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p graf--trailing\">“Often the people most interested in research do not have the relevant data,” said Evan White, executive director at CPL-Berkeley, “and the people charged with stewarding the data do not have the resources to pursue research.” The data labs play an important role in lowering the barrier to entry for individuals who want to be engaged in using administrative data for improving public programs and tackling difficult problems. In an era of limited resources and public skepticism, we can’t have too much of that.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/the-policy-labs-we-urgently-need",{"title":3008,"description":3011},"the-policy-labs-we-urgently-need","blogposts/the-policy-labs-we-urgently-need","INXLyz3diQjqvBK8aeK2-GjHh3e58p3V2NSIUUNOJCo",{"id":3021,"title":3022,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3023,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3024,"description":3025,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3022,"image":34,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3026,"meta":3027,"navigation":15,"path":3028,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3029,"slug":3030,"startTime":34,"stem":3031,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3032},"blogposts/blogposts/acknowledgments.json","ACKNOWLEDGMENTS",[],"2017-12-13T06:25:23","The case studies are the result of a series of interviews with lab directors, senior staff and funders. The initial draft of the case study…","\n\u003Csection name=\"54b8\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"8a62\" id=\"8a62\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">ACKNOWLEDGMENTS\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"466d\" id=\"466d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">The \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-labs/case-studies/home\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-labs/case-studies/home\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">case studies\u003C/a> are the result of a series of interviews with lab directors, senior staff and funders. The initial draft of the case study was prepared by Professor Beth Noveck’s students in Yale Law School’s \u003Ca href=\"http://publicentrepreneur.org\" data-href=\"http://publicentrepreneur.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Governance Innovation Clinic in Spring 2017\u003C/a>. Their work was subsequently supplemented with a second round of interviews and completed by the Governance Lab in Summer 2017 with the support of a grant from Stanford’s Markets for Good and in collaboration with our partners at \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thinknpc.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.thinknpc.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">New Philanthropy Capital\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d767\" id=\"d767\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We want to thank all the interviewees for taking the time to speak with our team and for providing us with numerous supplementary sources of readings.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"d9ee\" id=\"d9ee\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">INTERVIEWEES:\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"9f07\" id=\"9f07\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Adelia D. Jenkins, Executive Director, AISP\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1848\" id=\"1848\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Amy Hawn Nelson, Director of Training and Technical Assistance, AISP\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b8e8\" id=\"b8e8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Bethanne Barnes, Director, Washington Institute for Public Policy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f082\" id=\"f082\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Danny Goroff, Vice President and Program Director, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2bbc\" id=\"2bbc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Emma Rackstraw, Senior Policy Associate, J-PAL North America\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"363f\" id=\"363f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Evan White, Executive Director, California Policy Lab- Berkeley\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fa7b\" id=\"fa7b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Fred Wulcyzn, Senior Research Fellow, Chapin Hall\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b582\" id=\"b582\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Janey Rountree, Executive Director, CPL- UCLA\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a1b6\" id=\"a1b6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Julia Quinn, Associate Director, Crime Lab and Education Lab\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"86af\" id=\"86af\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Justine Hastings, Director, Rhode Island Innovative Policy Lab\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e680\" id=\"e680\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Matthew Hill, Former Executive Director, AISP\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"82ef\" id=\"82ef\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Michelle Welsh, Research and Policy Manager, The Laura and John Arnold Foundation\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0034\" id=\"0034\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Mintaka Angell, Assistant Director of Policy and Communication, RIIPL\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c7aa\" id=\"c7aa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Pete\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> \u003C/strong>York, MSSA, Principal Associate, Community Science\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a920\" id=\"a920\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Roseanna Ander, Director, UChicago Urban Labs\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b0c0\" id=\"b0c0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Tracey Gyateng, Data Labs Project Manager, New Philanthropy Capital\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d473\" id=\"d473\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Tris Lumley, Director of Innovation and Development, New Philanthropy Capital\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"16ad\" id=\"16ad\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">YALE GOVERNANCE INNOVATION CLINIC STUDENT TEAM:\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"26cf\" id=\"26cf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Linjia Li, Yale Department of Statistics and Data Science\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e0dc\" id=\"e0dc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Mark Rosenberg, Yale School of Management\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5bd6\" id=\"5bd6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Reeva Mishra, Yale Jackson Institute for Global Affairs\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"2c3b\" id=\"2c3b\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">About New Philanthropy Capital\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"67cb\" id=\"67cb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">NPC is a charity think tank and consultancy that occupies a unique position at the nexus between charities and funders, helping them achieve the greatest impact. This understanding of both sides of the funding equation is reflected in the variety of skills and knowledge of our people, and their backgrounds in charities and the public and private sector.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ee94\" id=\"ee94\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">At NPC, we bring shared values and different skills to both charities and funders. By helping them use their resources more effectively, by inspiring through new thinking and by prioritizing impact, we are transforming the sector. For more information, visit \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thinknpc.org\" data-href=\"http://www.thinknpc.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">thinknpc.org\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"1efb\" id=\"1efb\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">About The Governance Lab\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"d693\" id=\"d693\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4 graf--trailing\">The Governance Lab’s mission is to improve people’s lives by changing the way we govern. Our goal at The GovLab is to strengthen the ability of institutions — including but not limited to governments — and people to work more openly, collaboratively, effectively, and legitimately to make better decisions and solve public problems. We believe that increased availability and use of data, new ways to leverage the capacity, intelligence, and expertise of people in the problem-solving process, combined with new advances in technology and science, can transform governance. We approach each challenge and opportunity in an interdisciplinary, collaborative way, irrespective of the problem, sector, geography, and level of government. For more information, visit \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/acknowledgments",{"title":3022,"description":3025},"acknowledgments","blogposts/acknowledgments","HqpNgrht8GvAaW5VC1qnvqFwmR0kR-KDRyWT7IcVgJM",{"id":3034,"title":3035,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3036,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3037,"description":3038,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3035,"image":3039,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3040,"meta":3041,"navigation":15,"path":3042,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3043,"slug":3044,"startTime":34,"stem":3045,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3046},"blogposts/blogposts/uchicago-urban-labs.json","UChicago Urban Labs",[],"2017-12-12T23:33:10","The University of Chicago Crime Lab partners with policymakers and practitioners to help cities design and test the most promising ways to…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*DjBTwjrD14DIwUGXyPlhtQ.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"ff72\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"f819\" id=\"f819\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*DjBTwjrD14DIwUGXyPlhtQ.jpeg\" data-width=\"1024\" data-height=\"768\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*DjBTwjrD14DIwUGXyPlhtQ.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Used under a Creative Commons 3.0 unported license from \u003Ca href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Uchicago_psych_building.jpg\" data-href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Uchicago_psych_building.jpg\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"f5fb\" id=\"f5fb\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">UChicago Urban Labs\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"9a55\" id=\"9a55\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">The University of Chicago Crime Lab partners with policymakers and practitioners to help cities design and test the most promising ways to reduce crime and improve human lives at scale. Building on the model of the Crime Lab, the University of Chicago launched Urban Labs in 2015 to help cities tackle urban challenges in the crime, education, energy & environment, health, and poverty domains.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"6ece\" id=\"6ece\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Location:\u003C/strong> Chicago, Illinois\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"47e4\" id=\"47e4\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">Summary\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"0a4b\" id=\"0a4b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">UChicago Crime Lab was launched in 2008 in response to increased civic attention focused on what more both the city and the University of Chicago could be doing to address the heartbreaking challenge of gun violence in Chicago. Founding researchers noted that while there is no shortage of innovation in public safety, the ability to make progress on this problem has been limited by a lack of rigorous evidence about what actually works, for whom, and why. The Crime Lab works with government agencies and nonprofits to design, test, and scale promising programs, doing action-oriented and policy-relevant research to improve lives. \u003Ca href=\"http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-u-of-c-urban-labs-met-20150309-story.html\" data-href=\"http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-u-of-c-urban-labs-met-20150309-story.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Based on the model\u003C/a> of the Crime Lab, which was one of the first domestically focused policy labs in the US, UChicago launched the Education Lab in 2011, and in 2014 established the Urban Labs, doing this rigorous research in close collaboration with government partners across crime, education, health, poverty, and energy and the environment.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fd37\" id=\"fd37\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Using randomized controlled trials, insights from behavioral economics, and predictive analytics, the Urban Labs aim to generate evidence that can steer public funding into the policies and programs with the greatest potential to improve lives.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"089b\" id=\"089b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Urban Labs have also held multiple \u003Ca href=\"https://news.uchicago.edu/article/2015/03/09/urban-labs-innovation-challenge-focus-chicago\" data-href=\"https://news.uchicago.edu/article/2015/03/09/urban-labs-innovation-challenge-focus-chicago\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Innovation Challenges\u003C/a>, beginning with a Crime Lab competition in 2008, to crowdsource the most promising solutions to urban challenges, and then partner with winning organizations or programs to co-produce evidence of impact.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bba7\" id=\"bba7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The UChicago Urban Labs, while physically located in Chicago (the Crime Lab also has a sister office in New York City) believe that evidence generated in collaboration with government partners has the potential to transcend context, informing efforts to improve outcomes in cities not only in Chicago, but in cities across the country and world. The Urban Labs also have carried out projects in other U.S. cities, and in Gujarat and Delhi in India.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7a86\" id=\"7a86\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Website: \u003C/strong>urbanlabs.uchicago.edu\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3ac4\" id=\"3ac4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sector:\u003C/strong> Crime, education, health, poverty, and energy & environment.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3d46\" id=\"3d46\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Target Audience:\u003C/strong> Partners with nonprofits and government agencies to identify key challenges, design promising approaches, and use qualitative and quantitative methods to find the most effective solutions.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3789\" id=\"3789\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Services offered:\u003C/strong> Urban Labs offer strategic data analysis, identify trends in data, design interventions, and evaluate the impact of interventions. They also integrate administrative datasets across public agencies.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d324\" id=\"d324\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Analytical talent:\u003C/strong> The Urban Labs are led by University of Chicago faculty who are leaders in their fields of research and practice including education, crime, poverty, environment and health. The Labs also works with a network of affiliate researchers, leveraging the expertise and experience of renowned social scientists both at UChicago and from universities across the country, including Northwestern University, Duke University, and UC Berkeley. The Labs hosts post docs, and engages graduate and undergraduate students from UChicago as research assistants.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"298a\" id=\"298a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data sources: \u003C/strong>The urban lab’s data sources vary according the needs of the project. For example, they used student-level administrative records from Chicago Public Schools for multiple research studies, including one studying the impact of summer jobs on reducing violence among disadvantaged youth. The Urban Labs have active data sharing agreements with many city, county, and state partners.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7a97\" id=\"7a97\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Ensuring Data Quality: \u003C/strong>The Urban Labs have a multi-faceted approach to quality assurance and research transparency. This includes the development of a pre-analysis plan, a thorough internal QA process that allows them to validate results prior to dissemination, and the uploading of statistical code and datasets whenever possible to allow other researchers to replicate and validate results. Projects at the Urban Labs also abide by all policies and procedures that the University of Chicago and their government agency partners require.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"63ef\" id=\"63ef\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data Governance and Oversight Mechanisms:\u003C/strong> Urban Labs enters into data sharing agreements with government agencies to access administrative data. If partner agencies of the Urban Labs require access to the data, they typically enter into data sharing agreements with the government agencies directly.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9f2e\" id=\"9f2e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Methodology:\u003C/strong> The Labs use randomized controlled trials, predictive analytics, behavioral economics, and other rigorous methods to generate evidence that can help policymakers deploy public resources to address Chicago’s (and other cities’) most pressing problems. The Labs also provide technical assistance and strategic data analysis to public agencies and nonprofits, and link datasets to identify trends across government agencies and multiple focus areas.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4b9e\" id=\"4b9e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Successes/ Impact:\u003C/strong> The UChicago Crime Lab was among the first policy labs in the U.S. and therefore has played an important role in bringing evidence-based practices and rigorous research into social policy, and has served as a model for subsequent policy labs. It has also enabled collaboration amongst disparate stakeholders and agencies, bringing together academics, city officials, nonprofits and community members, to create and test multi-faceted solutions to urban challenges. The Lab first began to address the related problems of youth violence and high school dropout in Chicago, and since the launch of Urban Labs in 2014, the work has expanded to other domains and internationally (with Energy and the Environment projects ongoing in India). The Labs have generated evidence about what works across these domains, and have successfully steered many millions of public dollars into more effective, evidence-based solutions to pressing policy challenges. As urban populations continue to grow rapidly worldwide, this work to improve the quality of urban life remains critical.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ad85\" id=\"ad85\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sample Project:\u003C/strong> \u003Ca href=\"https://urbanlabs.uchicago.edu/attachments/store/778c83fd53b8231da6c8b88d9a5dcd5ad32b63ce4b4d67a564e65bcbc26e/Urban+Labs+Media+Kit.pdf\" data-href=\"https://urbanlabs.uchicago.edu/attachments/store/778c83fd53b8231da6c8b88d9a5dcd5ad32b63ce4b4d67a564e65bcbc26e/Urban+Labs+Media+Kit.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Becoming a Man (BAM) program\u003C/a>. One of first UChicago Crime Lab projects was an evaluation of the BAM program, implemented by Chicago nonprofit Youth Guidance, to address gun violence amongst school age youth in Chicago. The winner of the first Crime Lab competition to crowdsource promising ideas from the community, the program works by helping youth slow down in high-stakes situations and reflect on the impulsive, even automatic behavior that drives so much of the violence in cities across the country. It provides weekly group sessions during the school day that use cognitive behavioral therapy. The Crime Lab tested the effectiveness of the program using randomized controlled trials (RCTs). They found that participation in the program reduced violent crime arrests by up to 50%, improved school engagement, and increased on-time high school graduation by 19%.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"565b\" id=\"565b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Funding resources:\u003C/strong> The Urban Labs are funded by a combination of grants from Foundations, competitive federal grants, and generous support from individual donors.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6e15\" id=\"6e15\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Contact details:\u003C/strong> \u003Ca href=\"mailto:urbanlabs@uchicago.edu\" data-href=\"mailto:urbanlabs@uchicago.edu\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">urbanlabs@uchicago.edu\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"23c7\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"923e\" id=\"923e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading graf--trailing\">We’d like to thank Roseanna Ander, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Director, UChicago Urban Labs\u003C/em> and Julia Quinn, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Associate Director, Crime Lab and Education\u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Lab \u003C/em>for their assistance.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/uchicago-urban-labs",{"title":3035,"description":3038},"uchicago-urban-labs","blogposts/uchicago-urban-labs","oaTTLEqmLna6fnbAbh1SBA6xja0_GWurowSN94qsL_U",{"id":3048,"title":3049,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3050,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3051,"description":3052,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3049,"image":34,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3053,"meta":3054,"navigation":15,"path":3055,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3056,"slug":3057,"startTime":34,"stem":3058,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3059},"blogposts/blogposts/about-data-labs.json","About Data Labs",[],"2017-12-12T23:02:27","In collaboration with New Philanthropy Capital and with a grant from Digital Impact (formerly Markets for Good), the Governance Lab has…","\n\u003Csection name=\"2bb5\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"9172\" id=\"9172\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">About Data Labs\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"622c\" id=\"622c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">In collaboration with \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thinknpc.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.thinknpc.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">New Philanthropy Capital\u003C/a> and with a grant from \u003Ca href=\"https://digitalimpact.org/\" data-href=\"https://digitalimpact.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Digital Impact\u003C/a> (formerly Markets for Good), \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the Governance Lab\u003C/a> has developed a series of case studies to better our understanding of the existing landscape of policy labs, to learn from their successes and drawbacks, and to help inform those who might be interested in setting up their own labs. Based on interviews with directors and funders of these labs, the case studies look at the governance processes employed to share or access data and how these labs solicit expertise to enable program evaluation. We also published an essay on medium.com where we analyzed the various models of existing labs and the enabling conditions necessary to stand up a new policy lab. \u003Cbr>The goal is to provide data owners, particularly those that hold personally identifiable data, with a blueprint to securely, responsibly and ethically share that information to end of improving programs in the public interest.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"45b5\" id=\"45b5\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">About New Philanthropy Capital\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"67cb\" id=\"67cb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">NPC is a charity think tank and consultancy that occupies a unique position at the nexus between charities and funders, helping them achieve the greatest impact. This understanding of both sides of the funding equation is reflected in the variety of skills and knowledge of our people, and their backgrounds in charities and the public and private sector.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ee94\" id=\"ee94\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">At NPC, we bring shared values and different skills to both charities and funders. By helping them use their resources more effectively, by inspiring through new thinking and by prioritizing impact, we are transforming the sector. For more information, visit \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thinknpc.org\" data-href=\"http://www.thinknpc.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">thinknpc.org\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"1efb\" id=\"1efb\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">About The Governance Lab\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"d693\" id=\"d693\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4 graf--trailing\">The Governance Lab’s mission is to improve people’s lives by changing the way we govern. Our goal at The GovLab is to strengthen the ability of institutions — including but not limited to governments — and people to work more openly, collaboratively, effectively, and legitimately to make better decisions and solve public problems. We believe that increased availability and use of data, new ways to leverage the capacity, intelligence, and expertise of people in the problem-solving process, combined with new advances in technology and science, can transform governance. We approach each challenge and opportunity in an interdisciplinary, collaborative way, irrespective of the problem, sector, geography, and level of government. For more information, visit \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/about-data-labs",{"title":3049,"description":3052},"about-data-labs","blogposts/about-data-labs","e6Ub9LsC9jvSDirNwrOL6Bov9mApRHJmVT565B3oUCw",{"id":3061,"title":3062,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3063,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3064,"description":3065,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3062,"image":3066,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3067,"meta":3068,"navigation":15,"path":3069,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3070,"slug":3071,"startTime":34,"stem":3072,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3073},"blogposts/blogposts/the-center-for-state-child-welfare-data.json","The Center for State Child Welfare Data",[],"2017-12-12T20:51:48","The Center for State Child Welfare Data provides a data sharing and analysis environment tied to child welfare data from 22 states covering…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*v4O6lPLivGhaY8v-c7tXyw.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"b2a2\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"57ec\" id=\"57ec\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*v4O6lPLivGhaY8v-c7tXyw.jpeg\" data-width=\"1005\" data-height=\"658\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*v4O6lPLivGhaY8v-c7tXyw.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">UChicago (Image By Rdsmith4 (Own work) [CC BY-SA 2.5 (\u003Ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5\" data-href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5\u003C/a>)], via Wikimedia Commons)\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"3d73\" id=\"3d73\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">The Center for State Child Welfare Data\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"9cd7\" id=\"9cd7\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">The Center for State Child Welfare Data provides a data sharing and analysis environment tied to child welfare data from 22 states covering approximately 70% of the children in state custody. It is a membership-based network which enables public sector agencies to access data securely and use it for analyses that support service improvements that target children placed away from their parents.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"9c0b\" id=\"9c0b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Location:\u003C/strong> Chicago, Illinois\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"7c6e\" id=\"7c6e\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">Summary\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"211f\" id=\"211f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">The Center for State Child Welfare Data at the University of Chicago was established in 2004 to improve access to and use of longitudinally organized service records pertaining to the experiences of children placed in foster care. With these data, pub\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"39cc\" id=\"39cc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">lic agencies are able to undertake state of the art analyses covering a range of topics fundamental to operating a strong child welfare system. With tools developed at the Data Center, as it is popularly known, the team promotes the use of evidence-based decision making in government agencies by equipping them with the infrastructure and tools required to assess the effectiveness of existing programs and to inform the design and funding of future programs.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8247\" id=\"8247\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Broadly, membership in the Data Center offers three major benefits¹: 1) access to a secure, longitudinal database of the state’s administrative data, 2) a web tool to that supports access to the data needed to generate the evidence needed to support strong foster care programs, and 3) training and technical assistance network that promotes the use of evidence in decision-making contexts.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7498\" id=\"7498\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The cornerstone of the Data Center’s offerings is the \u003Ca href=\"https://fcda.chapinhall.org/knowledge-in-action/analytic-tools/\" data-href=\"https://fcda.chapinhall.org/knowledge-in-action/analytic-tools/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Foster Care Data Archive\u003C/a> and associated web tool. By accessing the longitudinal data, the web tool allows member states to deepen their understanding of how children experience foster care: how long do they stay, how often do they change placement, how likely are they to be reunified or adopted, how likely are they to return to care having been discharged. The web tool also allows users to understand differential risk: do some children tend to stay longer; are children in one area of the state more likely to return to care; has time in care been going up or down. Administrators, policy makers, and practitioners need answers to these fundamental questions when trying to build a stronger system.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"552e\" id=\"552e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Another important facet of the Data Center’s work, according to Professor Fred Wulczyn, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Senior Research Fellow, Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago\u003C/em>, is its focus on the human capital needed to promote evidence-based decision-making². Although the tool creates the opportunity to add evidence to decision making processes, it does not, by itself, generate the motivation and capability needed to generate decision-relevant evidence. For that reason, the Data Center’s training focuses on the use of research evidence: how is research evidence generated from data resources maintained by the Center; how is research evidence processed for meaning in an improvement cycle; and, how is evidence applied to decisions in policy and practice settings.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9cbd\" id=\"9cbd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sector:\u003C/strong> Child Welfare\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f2fd\" id=\"f2fd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Target Audience:\u003C/strong> Child welfare agencies at state and local levels as well as social sector agencies (i.e., private providers of foster care) and stakeholders broadly speaking.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0ad3\" id=\"0ad3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Services offered:\u003C/strong> Data Integration, data access through web-enabled tools, and training.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f145\" id=\"f145\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data Sources:\u003C/strong> Administrative data regarding foster children from 22 state and county public \u003Ca href=\"https://fcda.chapinhall.org/member-services/current-member-listing/\" data-href=\"https://fcda.chapinhall.org/member-services/current-member-listing/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">child welfare agencies\u003C/a> (i.e., the member agencies). On a more limited basis, the Center also maintains child abuse and neglect data, data about foster parents, data about social sector foster care agencies, data about the use of time on the part of caseworkers, and financial data related to the cost of operating child welfare systems.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c2cb\" id=\"c2cb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Addressing Data Quality Issues: \u003C/strong>For almost 35 years now, Professor Fred Wulczyn and his team at Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago have worked with states to help them build what he calls “research-valuable data” from the administrative records they maintain for other purposes. By harmonizing the data across jurisdictions (states and counties), the Archive makes comparative, between- and within-state research possible. The harmonization strategies resolve the challenge of mixing data collected from different state agencies operating under different policy guidelines into a coherent, integrated framework.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d6b0\" id=\"d6b0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Data Center’s role³ is to take these research-valuable datasets and convert them into a form that fits a variety of applications within the evidence use paradigm. Record linkage between states, over time, and across agencies are an important outgrowth of the Center’s work. Use of the data by states is diverse. Because the data are stored in a longitudinal, multilevel structure multilevel policy research is possible. These same data can be used by states to generate the evidence needed to manage performance-based contracts. The data have also been used by the federal courts to resolve longstanding oversight of state child welfare agencies.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1c16\" id=\"1c16\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Methodology: \u003C/strong>The Data Center operates on a collaboration model. Every member state provides the administrative data it uses to track foster children. Data Center staff write programs to clean and integrate the data using specifically designed harmonization software. When the data are ready, the state gains access to two assets: 1) a harmonized set of its data organized with state-of-the-art longitudinal analysis in mind, and, 2) access to the web tool. The web tool supports two types of queries. Within state queries allow the users to understand core outcomes for the children served within state; the between state queries give states access to comparative aggregate data that is otherwise not available to them. Additionally, Data Center staff provides member states with training on how to use the web tool to generate evidence based on “methodologically sound analytical queries.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9e9f\" id=\"9e9f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Addressing data governance and oversight mechanisms:\u003C/strong> The Foster Care Data Archive has administrative records from 22 state agencies (accounting for nearly 70% of the current US foster care population). Oversight of the Center’s work is managed by an Advisory Group made up state and local representatives. Among other functions, the Advisory Group helps staff identify Center priorities.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"79e4\" id=\"79e4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Archive does support comparative analysis but in doing so the boundaries between states are closely managed and monitored. Member states control password allocation for users at their discretion. Generally, authorized users are persons or organizations with the legal authority to view records. Within state, because the data may be used to support case-level decisions, legally authorized users have access to data with a unique identifier. Names are not included. This level of security is managed through user login and privileges assigned to users by state administrators (as opposed to Center staff). Each member state may share the curated version of their data (the version that the Data Center staff has cleaned), with anyone they would like, provided a formal request is made. For this type of access, data shared is free of unique identifiers. The Data Center takes other technical precautions⁴ to ensure data security. For instance, the Data Center only accepts data from states via SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol- a secure communication protocol) to the Data Center’s secure database or on tapes or DVDs. and the Data Center does not accept any data via email in order to ensure security.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"befe\" id=\"befe\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Analytical support:\u003C/strong> The Data Center’s staff is focused first and foremost on maintaining the curated longitudinal database. The analysis of the data is managed in several ways: interactive queries using the web took, pre-formatted tables of aggregate data that are also available through the web tool, and specialized statistical analysis run using such software as SAS, SPSS, R, Stata, HLM, Supermix, and MPlus, depending on the complexity of the analysis being run.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"14d4\" id=\"14d4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Successes/ Impact:\u003C/strong> For nearly 25 years, the team assembled by Dr. Wulczyn has been building integrated, multistate data files that support policy and practice relevant research. In doing so, the Center’s work has been guided by two priorities: build data that supports research that is theoretically and methodologically rigorous and use that same data to tackle the very practical problems facing state child welfare agencies on a day-to-day basis. The Center’s longevity is an indicator of why these priorities retain their salience. On the methodological front, research done with the Center’s data has been at the forefront of research that is used to better understand such diverse topics as racial disparity, evaluation of treatment programs, implementation science, system science, and basic epidemiology. On the practical front, examples of the Center’s work are best seen in the work helping states redesign their foster care programs, with the \u003Ca href=\"https://fcda.chapinhall.org/resources/publications-archive/\" data-href=\"https://fcda.chapinhall.org/resources/publications-archive/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">work done in\u003C/a> Tennessee, New York City, Texas, San Francisco County, Mississippi, Georgia, and Wisconsin as the leading examples.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3893\" id=\"3893\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sample Project\u003C/strong>: In 2000, the state of Tennessee was \u003Ca href=\"https://www.clearinghouse.net/detail.php?id=11060\" data-href=\"https://www.clearinghouse.net/detail.php?id=11060\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">sued by Children’s Rights, Inc\u003C/a>. for its management of the foster care program. Pursuant to the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.clearinghouse.net/chDocs/public/CW-TN-0001-0002.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.clearinghouse.net/chDocs/public/CW-TN-0001-0002.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">settlement agreement\u003C/a>, Data Center staff were asked to help the Department of Children’s Services build the infrastructure needed to monitor the experience of children investigated for child abuse and neglect and placed in foster care, if and when that was necessary. Over the ensuing 15 years, Center staff helped leadership in Tennessee \u003Ca href=\"http://aphsa.org/content/dam/aphsa/pdfs/NWI/Case%20Study%20-%20Tennessee%20Foster%20Care.pdf\" data-href=\"http://aphsa.org/content/dam/aphsa/pdfs/NWI/Case%20Study%20-%20Tennessee%20Foster%20Care.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">build a reporting system\u003C/a> that generates the evidence leadership needs to guide the agency with confidence. Contributions of the Center to the State’s efforts include ground-breaking work on racial disparity, fiscal reform, and oversight of the private sector. In July of 2017, Tennessee became one of the first states ever to exit from longstanding federal judicial oversight\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ff6d\" id=\"ff6d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Distinguishing Characteristics:\u003C/strong> First assembled in the late 1980s, the Foster Care Data Archive is the nation’s oldest example of linked and integrated administrative data. Over the years, the data have been combined with health, school, mental health, TANF, court, birth, and juvenile justice records as well as census records. The FCDA maintains an unparalleled temporal and spatial structure that, when combined with modern statistical models, shows time and again why administrative records are important for research \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">and\u003C/em> the routine management of public programs. Moreover, with over 100 years of person experience working with federal, state, and local agencies, the Data Center team understands how to both use and build the skills needed to generate, acquire, interpret, and apply research evidence to public policy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"20a4\" id=\"20a4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Funding sources:\u003C/strong> Membership fees and core support from the Annie E. Casey Foundation and Casey Family Programs.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"784c\" id=\"784c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Link to website:\u003C/strong> \u003Ca href=\"http://fcda.chapinhall.org\" data-href=\"http://fcda.chapinhall.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://fcda.chapinhall.org\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"06ce\" id=\"06ce\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Contact details:\u003C/strong> Professor Fred Wulczyn (fwulczyn@uchicago.edu) and Lily Alpert (lalpert@chapinhall.org).\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"a610\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"c6f0\" id=\"c6f0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading graf--trailing\">We’d like to thank Professor Fred Wulczyn, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Senior Research Fellow, Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago\u003C/em> for his assistance\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"ee4f\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch4 name=\"0c77\" id=\"0c77\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf--leading\">FOOTNOTES:\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"9475\" id=\"9475\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4 graf--trailing\">¹ ² ³ ⁴ Interview with Prof Fred Wulczyn, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Senior Research Fellow, Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago\u003C/em> on July 5, 2017\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/the-center-for-state-child-welfare-data",{"title":3062,"description":3065},"the-center-for-state-child-welfare-data","blogposts/the-center-for-state-child-welfare-data","buIFGhXlcwKLaovdYxVK6hfAHneot523AydW4Afz2Tc",{"id":3075,"title":3076,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3077,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3078,"description":3079,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3076,"image":3080,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3081,"meta":3082,"navigation":15,"path":3083,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3084,"slug":3085,"startTime":34,"stem":3086,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3087},"blogposts/blogposts/rhode-island-innovative-policy-lab-riipl.json","Rhode Island Innovative Policy Lab (RIIPL)",[],"2017-12-12T20:51:04","RIIPL, in partnership with the State of Rhode Island, is working with state, local and federal government agencies to unlock the power of…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*jmn6e-W_ufYGWu3H1B-f6Q.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"a664\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"c24e\" id=\"c24e\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*jmn6e-W_ufYGWu3H1B-f6Q.jpeg\" data-width=\"1024\" data-height=\"639\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*jmn6e-W_ufYGWu3H1B-f6Q.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Rhode Island State House (Image By Bestbudbrian (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 (\u003Ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0\" data-href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0\u003C/a>)], via Wikimedia Commons)\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"58c9\" id=\"58c9\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Rhode Island Innovative Policy Lab (RIIPL)\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"984d\" id=\"984d\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">RIIPL, in partnership with the State of Rhode Island, is working with state, local and federal government agencies to unlock the power of data, economics, and behavioral science to improve policies, alleviate poverty, and increase economic opportunity in Rhode Island and beyond. Like the California Policy Lab and Chapin Hall, RIIPL is a university-government collaboration.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"ae13\" id=\"ae13\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Location: \u003C/strong>Rhode Island\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"e4ac\" id=\"e4ac\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">Summary:\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"bf42\" id=\"bf42\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">RIIPL’s mission is to use data and science to impact policy and improve lives. The lab currently works with Rhode Island Government to help them identify, design, and deliver efficient, effective, fact-based policy which alleviates poverty and increases economic opportunity. Particular focus is also given to closing the education achievement gap, criminal justice, and creating efficient and effective government regulation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4158\" id=\"4158\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">RIIPL has created a unique relational database, RI 360, which houses anonymized longitudinal administrative data across Rhode Island government agencies, alongside added industry data in key sectors, to provide a 360-degree view of family and economic well-being. Personally identifiable information has been removed from the data and replaced with anonymous identifiers that make it possible for researchers with approved access to join and analyze records associated with the same individual while preserving anonymity. This anonymized database allows government agencies to use facts and science to evaluate programs and identify areas for improvement.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3fd0\" id=\"3fd0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Website:\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"http://riipl.org/\" data-href=\"http://riipl.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> \u003C/strong>http://riipl.org/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e4f6\" id=\"e4f6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sector: \u003C/strong>Criminal justice, poverty and economic mobility, education, and effective regulation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5799\" id=\"5799\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Target Audience:\u003C/strong> RIIPL partners with policy makers in both Rhode Island and the federal government.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2b00\" id=\"2b00\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Services Offered: \u003C/strong>Rigorous policy research and analysis, including evaluations of programs, policies, and design improvements; an integrated relational data system.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a032\" id=\"a032\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data Sources: \u003C/strong>Secure and anonymized administrative data from Rhode Island government, as well as data from key industry sectors. RIIPL was founded in 2015 with foundation funding. It is housed at Brown University.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f50a\" id=\"f50a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Who Houses the Data: \u003C/strong>The RI 360 database is housed in a secure facility at RIIPL. Administrative records are joined across government agencies, anonymized, secured and updated regularly.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"960e\" id=\"960e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Addressing Data Governance and Oversight Mechanisms: \u003C/strong>The data are stored in a secure facility at RIIPL in Brown University and are accessible only by approved researchers. Personally identifiable information is removed from the data and replaced with secure identifiers that make it possible to join different records associated with the same person \u003Ca href=\"http://www.nber.org/papers/w23112.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.nber.org/papers/w23112.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">without revealing their identity\u003C/a>. Justine Hastings, the Director of RIIPL, said¹: “RIIPL has a secure data infrastructure and security process that goes above and beyond university and federal requirements. As well as meeting all applicable federal privacy and security-related compliance laws like FISMA, HIPAA and FERPA, our system ensures that individuals’ privacy is protected both internally and externally.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fb0f\" id=\"fb0f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Analytical talent: \u003C/strong>RIIPL has roughly 30 team members employees. comprising economic and policy analysts, data scientists, and Brown University researchers and faculty. The lab has several programs to educate future leaders in science and policy, including PhD and Pre-Doctorate programs, which provide interdisciplinary and hands-on research opportunities to talented young analysts and data scientists.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9b3d\" id=\"9b3d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">1. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">RIIPL PhD program\u003C/strong>. RIIPL provides a unique opportunity for Brown PhD students to conduct research in economics and data science which directly impacts society through improved public policy. PhD candidates work closely with faculty in Economics and Public Policy, along with policy analysts and data scientists, to conduct interdisciplinary research in real-world situations.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3770\" id=\"3770\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">2. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">RIIPL Pre-Doctorate Program. \u003C/strong>The RIIPL Pre-Doctoral program is another opportunity to conduct research in economics and data science which directly impacts society through improved public policy. It is aimed at those who are seeking intensive training through hands-on research experience before advancing to PhD programs in economics, public policy, or related quantitative social science fields. Fellows work closely with faculty in Economics and Public Policy, along with PhD students, policy analysts and data scientists to gain interdisciplinary research training and experience.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"13c7\" id=\"13c7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">3. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Brown University Undergraduate Internship Program. \u003C/strong>RIIPL also brings on undergraduate interns to train them early in cutting-edge tools in data science and economic analysis. It also offers opportunities to involve them in research and policy design to give them real-world experience in creating impactful change in their communities.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a48a\" id=\"a48a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">4. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Brown University Master of Public Affairs Data Driven Policy Track. \u003C/strong>RIIPL has partnered with the Brown University Master of Public Affair’s program to train the next generation of policy leaders in data-driven policy. Each member of the data-driven policy track is advised by Director Hastings and takes courses in statistics, data science, and econometrics during the year. Each student also participates in RIIPL’s Tech-Up seminar to get training coding languages, like SQL and Python, that make them competitive in today’s policy landscape.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ddc0\" id=\"ddc0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Methodology: \u003C/strong>RIIPL connects experienced researchers with governments to provide meaningful and relevant data that government officials can use to make fact-based decisions. Researchers work with policymakers at the state and federal level to identify important challenges, and apply behavioral science, economics and data analysis to design high-impact, low-cost solutions. After identifying priorities with government partners, RIIPL works with state officials to evaluate the impact of public policies and programs on desired outcomes using comprehensive administrative data and fieldwork with all relevant stakeholders. RIIPL then uses these facts to design and tests policy improvements using gold-standard research methodology. Rhode Island is using this model to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of public programs.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b1cf\" id=\"b1cf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Disseminating Findings: \u003C/strong>RIIPL makes summaries of its findings available on its website, and also publishes its completed academic research online.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"53d5\" id=\"53d5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Impact: \u003C/strong>RIIPL is currently working on over 30 projects with 9 state agencies. The lab has created an integrated relational data system which joins administrative data across state agencies. RIIPL has evaluated in-prison training programs for inmates to identify which are most effective at lowering recidivism, is employing machine learning to lower Medicaid costs for the state and improve care for clients, used big data to create a low-cost method of employing Rhode Islanders, and is currently working on a number of initiatives to use the power of data to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of government services. The lab has also \u003Ca href=\"http://watson.brown.edu/research/2017/how-are-snap-benefits-spent-study-co-investigated-justine-hastings\" data-href=\"http://watson.brown.edu/research/2017/how-are-snap-benefits-spent-study-co-investigated-justine-hastings\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">produced research\u003C/a> on how enrollment in SNAP impacts household spending and wage income.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"604c\" id=\"604c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sample Project:\u003C/strong> RIIPL has \u003Ca href=\"http://watson.brown.edu/research/2017/how-are-snap-benefits-spent-study-co-investigated-justine-hastings\" data-href=\"http://watson.brown.edu/research/2017/how-are-snap-benefits-spent-study-co-investigated-justine-hastings\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">partnered with\u003C/a> the Rhode Island Department of Corrections (DOC) to reduce recidivism in Rhode Island. Currently, 52% of inmates in Rhode Island return to prison within three years of release. The Governor of Rhode Island, Gina Raimondo, aims to lower this figure to 44% by 2020. RIIPL was tasked with finding low-cost ways to meet this goal. First, RIIPL analyzed DOC data, and found that individuals who enroll in SNAP post-release are less likely to recidivate than their non-SNAP counterparts within the first six months. However, only 65% enroll in SNAP post-release, even though nearly all qualify. This may be due to hassle costs and challenges that inmates face on release, including lack of accessible transportation. RIIPL worked with DOC to design a simple and effective program change to auto-enroll releasees into the benefits they are eligible for upon release. DOC will run a RIIPL-designed Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) to prove impact, measure success, and allow other officials to learn and scale a proven-successful recidivism reduction program in their own states.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cc57\" id=\"cc57\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Funding source: \u003C/strong>Private Foundations, Federal government grants. See\u003Ca href=\"http://www.riipl.org/people\" data-href=\"http://www.riipl.org/people\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> www.riipl.org/people\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fd4f\" id=\"fd4f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Contact details: \u003C/strong>riipl.director@riipl.org\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"0e60\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"2140\" id=\"2140\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading graf--trailing\">We’d like to thank Justine Hastings, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Director, RIIPL\u003C/em> and Mintaka Angell, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Assistant Director of Policy and Communication\u003C/em>, RIIPL for their assistance.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"bf7b\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch4 name=\"f1eb\" id=\"f1eb\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf--leading\">FOOTNOTES:\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"14f0\" id=\"14f0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4 graf--trailing\">¹ Response to email questionnaire to Justine Hastings, Director, RIIPL on July 17, 2017\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/rhode-island-innovative-policy-lab-riipl",{"title":3076,"description":3079},"rhode-island-innovative-policy-lab-riipl","blogposts/rhode-island-innovative-policy-lab-riipl","_iMcmrSDUuaMU5hMJ0XfXJvs7mr8ujmtEjzQyRXtrdQ",{"id":3089,"title":3090,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3091,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3092,"description":3093,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3090,"image":3094,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3095,"meta":3096,"navigation":15,"path":3097,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3098,"slug":3099,"startTime":34,"stem":3100,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3101},"blogposts/blogposts/washington-state-institute-for-public-policy-wsipp.json","Washington State Institute for Public Policy (WSIPP)",[],"2017-12-12T20:50:00","WSIPP helps the Washington state legislature and other Washington state policy makers make evidence-based policy decisions by conducting…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*30FFsqO6LOAFngZUkpeSCg.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"858f\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"cc98\" id=\"cc98\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*30FFsqO6LOAFngZUkpeSCg.jpeg\" data-width=\"1024\" data-height=\"733\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*30FFsqO6LOAFngZUkpeSCg.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Washington State Capitol Building (Image by Apaschen (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 (\u003Ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0\" data-href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0\u003C/a>)], via Wikimedia Commons)\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"0675\" id=\"0675\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Washington State Institute for Public Policy (WSIPP)\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"394f\" id=\"394f\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">WSIPP helps the Washington state legislature and other Washington state policy makers make evidence-based policy decisions by conducting public policy research and carrying out cost-benefit analyses of the state’s programs and policies.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"8786\" id=\"8786\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Location:\u003C/strong> Olympia, Washington\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"06dd\" id=\"06dd\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">Summary\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"b394\" id=\"b394\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">House legislation in 1983 created WSIPP in order to improve the ability of the Washington state legislature and other Washington state policymakers to make sound, evidence-based policy decisions. It was established after the state legislature recognized the need for effective policy evaluation but found that there was a lack of expertise within government to address it. The House of Representatives’ \u003Ca href=\"http://archives.evergreen.edu/1996/1996-05/Institute-for-Public-Policy-History.pdf\" data-href=\"http://archives.evergreen.edu/1996/1996-05/Institute-for-Public-Policy-History.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">resolution\u003C/a> directed the Council for Postsecondary Education to study “the potential of focusing higher education resources in assisting state government” to leverage the expertise present in the state’s higher education institution, which was not readily available to state policymakers and administrators, to improve policymaking.¹\u003C/p>\u003Cblockquote name=\"abb2\" id=\"abb2\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--p\">WSIPP only serves the public sector at present — providing in-house nonpartisan research services at the direction of the legislature or the Board of Directors. These services may include evaluation of social sector programs funded by the state using administrative data but requests cannot be commissioned by charities themselves.\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cp name=\"ecc6\" id=\"ecc6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--blockquote\">Over time, the mission of the institute has evolved from its original aim of bridging the gap between policymakers and academics to \u003Ca href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/ByLaws/ByLaws_Dec2016.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/ByLaws/ByLaws_Dec2016.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">focusing on\u003C/a> “making informed judgements about important, long-term issues facing Washington State.” Today, the institute is funded on a project basis with a workforce of 20 full-time employees who conduct policy research projects as well as perform cost-benefit analyses to help the state legislature make evidence-based decisions.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bbdb\" id=\"bbdb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The institute is almost completely funded² by the state on a fee for project basis and works in diverse fields as mandated by the legislature. The state legislature assigns projects to WSIPP in order to evaluate if a certain program is likely to be effective in the state. These projects include issue areas like criminal justice reform, public health and education reforms and involve measuring effectiveness of existing programs and policies or conducting cost-benefit analyses for new ones. According³ to WSIPP’s Director, Bethanne Barnes, WSIPP uses administrative data for almost everything they do. As a state agency, with projects primarily chosen and funded by the state legislature, they have access to administrative data sets regardless of where they are housed and have used them for over 500 projects.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8fb1\" id=\"8fb1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sample Project: \u003C/strong>In early 2017, the Washington State legislature \u003Ca href=\"http://lawfilesext.leg.wa.gov/biennium/2015-16/Pdf/Bills/House%20Passed%20Legislature/2791-S2.PL.pdf\" data-href=\"http://lawfilesext.leg.wa.gov/biennium/2015-16/Pdf/Bills/House%20Passed%20Legislature/2791-S2.PL.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">directed WSIPP\u003C/a> to “examine the effectiveness of reentry programs through a systematic review of the research literature”. Using the WSIPP’s standardized set of procedures to estimate a program’s average effectiveness at achieving a desired outcome, the institute was able to find that 53% of programs which aimed to improve outcomes for people who return to the community after incarceration showed statistically significant reductions in recidivism. They also found that 64% of programs had benefits that outweighed the costs. These findings, along with supporting evidence such as outcomes (monetized as well as non-monetized) from the 59 programs they assessed and a description of the methodology were described in detail in a report that was presented to the state legislature to help them review the effectiveness of these government-funded programs. The \u003Ca href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/ReportFile/1667/Wsipp_The-Effectiveness-of-Reentry-Programs-for-Incarcerated-Persons-Findings-for-the-Washington-Statewide-Reentry-Council_Report.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/ReportFile/1667/Wsipp_The-Effectiveness-of-Reentry-Programs-for-Incarcerated-Persons-Findings-for-the-Washington-Statewide-Reentry-Council_Report.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">analysis\u003C/a> was carried out using WSIPP’s criminal history database, which was developed to conduct criminal justice research at the request of the legislature and contains data from the Administrative Office of the Courts and the Department of Corrections. \u003Ca href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/ReportFile/1667/Wsipp_The-Effectiveness-of-Reentry-Programs-for-Incarcerated-Persons-Findings-for-the-Washington-Statewide-Reentry-Council_Report.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/ReportFile/1667/Wsipp_The-Effectiveness-of-Reentry-Programs-for-Incarcerated-Persons-Findings-for-the-Washington-Statewide-Reentry-Council_Report.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The report\u003C/a> is publicly accessible and is available on the WSIPP website.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"32e0\" id=\"32e0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Website:\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"http://riipl.org/\" data-href=\"http://riipl.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> http://wsipp.wa.gov/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5953\" id=\"5953\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sector:\u003C/strong> Education, criminal justice, social services, legislation, workforce development.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3147\" id=\"3147\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Target Audience:\u003C/strong> The Washington State Legislature and other Washington State policymakers and administrators.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3e25\" id=\"3e25\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Services offered:\u003C/strong> WSIPP conducts meta-analyses, reviews the high-quality available literature and develops rigorous summaries of the research they conduct. WSIPP also does cost-benefit analysis and outcome evaluation to help the state legislature make evidence-based decisions and to identify policies that work and those that do not. The projects are assigned to WSIPP by the state legislature and the institute’s board on the basis of certain substantive and institutional criteria.⁴\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ede3\" id=\"ede3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data Sources:\u003C/strong> Primarily state government administrative data and data from federal agencies and nonprofits, depending on the requirements of the project.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"21ec\" id=\"21ec\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Who Houses the Data:\u003C/strong> Data are typically housed by individual government agencies and only queried by WSIPP. WSIPP will house some data, specifically for juvenile justice, but is still not the data owner and requires approval of various data owners to, in some rare cases, provide access to any contracted partners.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"62b7\" id=\"62b7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Addressing Data Quality Issues:\u003C/strong> Since there is variability in the quality of the data from different agencies, WSIPP employees often have to clean the data they receive. However, according to Bethanne Barnes, if there are data quality issues, the researchers report the issue back to the data owners.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9cd6\" id=\"9cd6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Addressing Data Governance and Oversight Mechanisms:\u003C/strong> Since WSIPP is a state agency, they are able to access personally identifiable administrative data fairly easily but unless they require individually identifiable data for the research, the WSIPP researchers only request de-identified data from the data owners. The use and sharing of data, especially involving outside use of the institute’s research databases, is governed by the board of the institute. The board \u003Ca href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/ByLaws/ByLaws_Dec2016.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/ByLaws/ByLaws_Dec2016.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">comprises\u003C/a> representatives of the legislature, the governor’s office, and the public universities and oversees all activities, including the decisions about which projects WSIPP should accept. The board, on the basis of a set of criteria defined by \u003Ca href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/ByLaws/ByLaws_Dec2016.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/ByLaws/ByLaws_Dec2016.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">2016 bye-laws\u003C/a>, will make the final decision about participating in research or providing access to research databases. WSIPP also ensures data privacy through some technical mechanisms, including hierarchical access protocols as well as a range of data sharing protocols.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"78b0\" id=\"78b0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Analytical talent:\u003C/strong> 20 full-time staff with public policy and research backgrounds and expertise in various statistical techniques and issues areas.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a2af\" id=\"a2af\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Methodologies:\u003C/strong> WSIPP provides two main services: Policy research and cost-benefit analysis. The policy research typically estimates the effectiveness at achieving an outcome. The second, is WSIPP’s benefit-cost analyses, which produce 3 statistical summaries, namely a “net present value, a benefit-to-cost ratio and a measure of risk associated with these bottom-line estimates,” the model is described in great detail as part of the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/TechnicalDocumentation/WsippBenefitCostTechnicalDocumentation.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/TechnicalDocumentation/WsippBenefitCostTechnicalDocumentation.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">technical documentation \u003C/a>developed by the institute. The benefit-cost analysis \u003Ca href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/BenefitCost\" data-href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/BenefitCost\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">includes 3 steps\u003C/a>. The first, is to identify tried-and-tested policy options to achieve the intended outcomes (both in the US and abroad). In the second step, they determine the dollar costs of implementing those programs in Washington state in order to analyze the benefits and costs of potential policy decisions. Finally, risks are estimated to determine the chances that a policy would break even. The WSIPP staff has a variety of capabilities, including the ability to conduct RCTs or propensity score matching, and uses the best method for the question being asked. The report published for each research project includes a section dedicated to describing the methodology adopted for analysis.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"16e1\" id=\"16e1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">WSIPP also accepts projects or requests for access to their research databases from outside the state legislature for example, other state agencies who would like WSIPP to complete an analysis. These projects need to be approved by the data owners prior to WSIPP releasing any data. The board has delegated authority to WSIPP on the individual project level, in accordance with the protocols laid out in the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/ByLaws/ByLaws_Dec2016.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/ByLaws/ByLaws_Dec2016.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">bye-laws\u003C/a>. Provided that the project fulfills those requirements⁵, the staff can decide to accept the project if it requires less than $10,000 of resources. For projects that require more assistance, the board’s approval is \u003Ca href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/ByLaws/ByLaws_Dec2016.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/ByLaws/ByLaws_Dec2016.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">required.\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4362\" id=\"4362\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Disseminating Findings:\u003C/strong> WSIPP’s reports are distributed to the state legislature, executive branch, and stakeholders. The Institute maintains an email distribution list that allows individuals and organizations to sign up to receive notices when reports are completed.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cdab\" id=\"cdab\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">WSIPP also publishes the reports from all their research activities and benefit-costs analyses on their website. The reports, including the models upon which they are based, are available for public access at \u003Ca href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/Reports\" data-href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/Reports\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/Reports\u003C/a> and can be filtered by topic or author.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"68b1\" id=\"68b1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Successes/ Impact:\u003C/strong> WSIPP has become one of the most well-respected and important state-funded policy evaluation groups in the country. WSIPP’s benefit-cost analysis tool, developed for Washington State to calculate the return on investment to taxpayers from evidence-based prevention and intervention programs and policies, has been used to answer numerous policy questions about the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/BenefitCost\" data-href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/BenefitCost\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">use of taxpayer money\u003C/a>, and has been replicated in 25 other states as part of the Pew-MacArthur Results First Initiative⁶. WSIPP’s policy research has directly \u003Ca href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/Reports/339\" data-href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/Reports/339\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">impacted policy decisions\u003C/a> to reduce K-12 class size and i\u003Ca href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/Reports/592\" data-href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/Reports/592\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">nfluenced K-12 school funding\u003C/a> as well as critical budget allocations for adult corrections and child welfare.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d09b\" id=\"d09b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The model itself, a non-partisan group of researchers funded primarily through the state on a project basis, is becoming a best-practice for state legislatures in bringing evidence-based policy to the forefront.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"aa16\" id=\"aa16\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Funding resources:\u003C/strong> WSIPP is funded on a project-by-project basis as well as for its daily operations primarily by the state government through the biennial operating budget of The Evergreen State College. In some rare instances, they also undertake funded projects from outside the state legislature.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3868\" id=\"3868\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Distinguishing characteristics: \u003C/strong>Some statutes limit access to administrative data by non-state entities. But since WSIPP carries out evaluations and research primarily for the state legislature, the institute’s access to administrative data is aided by the fact that it is part of the government. This, to a large extent, eliminates many of the legal concerns that arise when government needs to share administrative data with outside agencies. The remaining concerns are mitigated thanks to the governance structures in place such as the institute’s board of directors and the principles they are to abide by as per the bye-laws. The institute has also developed⁷ several resources like a “matching procedure” to trace individuals across databases maintained by the Courts and the Department of Corrections which is necessary to evaluate many programs related to criminal justice. These matching procedures across databases in one agency or across several agencies is enabled by WSIPP’s proximity to government and the mandate it has by a resolution of the house of representatives. These are important enabling factors for a data lab to obtain data from a data owner.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"928c\" id=\"928c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Contact details:\u003C/strong> institute@wsipp.wa.gov\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"4eb7\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"f7f2\" id=\"f7f2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading graf--trailing\">We’d like to thank Bethanne Barnes, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Director, WSIPP\u003C/em>, for her assistance.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"508b\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch4 name=\"1c09\" id=\"1c09\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf--leading\">Footnotes:\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"6337\" id=\"6337\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">¹ See \u003Ca href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/ReportFile/1050/Wsipp_Washington-State-Institute-for-Public-Policy-Origins-and-Governance_Full-Report.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/ReportFile/1050/Wsipp_Washington-State-Institute-for-Public-Policy-Origins-and-Governance_Full-Report.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Washington State Institute for Public Policy: Origins and Governance\u003C/a>, Appendix A, WSIPP, June 2009\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4052\" id=\"4052\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">² ³ Interview Bethanne Barnes, Director, WSIPP on July 5, 2017\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c50a\" id=\"c50a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁴ Definition of these terms is available in \u003Ca href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/ReportFile/1050/Wsipp_Washington-State-Institute-for-Public-Policy-Origins-and-Governance_Full-Report.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/ReportFile/1050/Wsipp_Washington-State-Institute-for-Public-Policy-Origins-and-Governance_Full-Report.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Washington State Institute for Public Policy: Origins and Governance\u003C/a>, p6 (Research),WSIPP, June 2009\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"471d\" id=\"471d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁵ This service is temporarily on-hold as of December 2017\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bd6e\" id=\"bd6e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁶ See \u003Ca href=\"http://www.pewstates.org/projects/pew-macarthur-results-first-initiative-328069\" data-href=\"http://www.pewstates.org/projects/pew-macarthur-results-first-initiative-328069\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Pew-MacArthur Results First Initiative\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5529\" id=\"5529\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">⁷ See \u003Ca href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/ReportFile/1050/Wsipp_Washington-State-Institute-for-Public-Policy-Origins-and-Governance_Full-Report.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/ReportFile/1050/Wsipp_Washington-State-Institute-for-Public-Policy-Origins-and-Governance_Full-Report.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Washington State Institute for Public Policy: Origins and Governance\u003C/a>, p17 (Research Databases),WSIPP, June 2009\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/washington-state-institute-for-public-policy-wsipp",{"title":3090,"description":3093},"washington-state-institute-for-public-policy-wsipp","blogposts/washington-state-institute-for-public-policy-wsipp","KXUmarq0yQ4sKxjtBnIp9E_nSMzniYnafXiI86bfbfc",{"id":3103,"title":3104,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3105,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3106,"description":3107,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3104,"image":3108,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3109,"meta":3110,"navigation":15,"path":3111,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3112,"slug":3113,"startTime":34,"stem":3114,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3115},"blogposts/blogposts/actionable-intelligence-for-social-policy-aisp.json","Actionable Intelligence for Social Policy (AISP)",[],"2017-12-12T20:46:57","AISP is a University of Pennsylvania initiative that focuses on the development, use, and innovation of integrated data systems (IDS) for…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*nVIDU62awO5LKvGy6msemw.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"6980\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"4fac\" id=\"4fac\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*nVIDU62awO5LKvGy6msemw.jpeg\" data-width=\"1024\" data-height=\"768\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*nVIDU62awO5LKvGy6msemw.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Furness Library, UPenn (Image By Smallbones (Own work) [CC0], via Wikimedia Commons)\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"5ba9\" id=\"5ba9\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Actionable Intelligence for Social Policy (AISP)\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"6639\" id=\"6639\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">AISP is a University of Pennsylvania initiative that focuses on the development, use, and innovation of integrated data systems (IDS) for policy analysis and program reform using administrative data. AISP brings together state and local governments and their university and non-profit partners in a professional learning network, engages in federal advocacy to support data sharing to inform evidence-based policy, and conducts research using administrative data.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"f44f\" id=\"f44f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Location:\u003C/strong> Philadelphia, PA\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"52ea\" id=\"52ea\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">Summary\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"97b2\" id=\"97b2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Housed at the University of Pennsylvania, AISP works with partners in state and local government to help them design data systems that improve the quality of social programs, policies and practices. The sites in \u003Ca href=\"https://www.aisp.upenn.edu/aisp-network/\" data-href=\"https://www.aisp.upenn.edu/aisp-network/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">AISP’s network\u003C/a> are each unique in organizational model and scope, but each has developed the capacity to integrate data, in other words, to link individual level data across multiple government agencies across the data life cycle. These integrated data systems (IDS) provide de-identified, linked research data sets to government agencies and external researchers to enable cross-agency analysis of service utilization and program outcomes. AISP provides these sites with \u003Ca href=\"https://www.aisp.upenn.edu/resources/training-technical-assistance/\" data-href=\"https://www.aisp.upenn.edu/resources/training-technical-assistance/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">training and peer-to-peer support\u003C/a> and engages in advocacy to enable better and more responsible data collection, sharing and use by state and local authorities and to support collaboration between the public and academic sectors. The AISP network is made up of sites that link data representing over \u003Ca href=\"https://www.thirdsectorcap.org/news/third-sector-and-aisp-partner-with-five-governments-to-improve-outcomes-for-vulnerable-families-and-children/\" data-href=\"https://www.thirdsectorcap.org/news/third-sector-and-aisp-partner-with-five-governments-to-improve-outcomes-for-vulnerable-families-and-children/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">26% of the U.S. population\u003C/a>, and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.aisp.upenn.edu/network-site/\" data-href=\"https://www.aisp.upenn.edu/network-site/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">includes leaders\u003C/a> in the field of integrated data systems, such as the Center for Innovation through Data Intelligence (CIDI) in New York City, the South Carolina Office of Research and Statistics, and Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9186\" id=\"9186\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">AISP also works to promote the expansion of IDS sites in the United States and the setting up of new sites to the end of promoting “\u003Ca href=\"https://www.aisp.upenn.edu/integrated-data-systems/actionable-intelligence/\" data-href=\"https://www.aisp.upenn.edu/integrated-data-systems/actionable-intelligence/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">actionable intelligence\u003C/a> — an iterative, evolving process of data-based decision making that produces more effective and ethical responses to high-priority problems at the local, state, or federal levels.” AISP currently supports 15 developing sites that are in the process of establishing Integrated Data Systems of their own by providing them training, legal and technical expertise, and by facilitating peer-to-peer learning about running an IDS site.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cfba\" id=\"cfba\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Website:\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.aisp.upenn.edu/\" data-href=\"https://www.aisp.upenn.edu/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> https://www.aisp.upenn.edu/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"366e\" id=\"366e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sectors in which AISP network sites often link data for research purposes:\u003C/strong> Juvenile justice, homelessness, health and vital statistics, adult justice, behavioral health, education, assisted housing, workforce development, employment and earnings, and child welfare.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2720\" id=\"2720\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Target Audience\u003C/strong>: AISP’s primary audience is state and local government agencies, as well as universities involved in securely linking administrative data from multiple sources to enable evaluation of government programs and policies. Their secondary audiences include policy makers, federal agencies, and researchers who use linked administrative data. Some network sites also engage in data linkage to support the social and non-profit sector.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6a78\" id=\"6a78\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Services Offered:\u003C/strong> AISP¹ 1) provides technical and legal guidance and strategic consulting to partner institutions (state or local governments and university partners) who have or are seeking to set up “Integrated Data Systems (IDS)” that link data across agencies; 2) convenes a professional network of IDS sites and provides peer-to-peer learning opportunities; and 3) conducts multi-site research projects that demonstrate real-world uses of integrated data for policy and program improvement.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"64a8\" id=\"64a8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Capacity-building activities:\u003C/strong> The AISP network endeavors to build data capacity to enable states and counties to securely share data with other agencies or external researchers. They develop data sharing standards, collect best practices and provide technical assistance to sites that need it. For example, after conducting a survey of advanced IDS sites in the country, AISP identified the most successful implementations and analyzed the common features among them. This understanding of \u003Ca href=\"https://www.aisp.upenn.edu/resources/aisp-best-practice-papers/\" data-href=\"https://www.aisp.upenn.edu/resources/aisp-best-practice-papers/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">best practices\u003C/a> enabled AISP to recommend an innovative set of technology standards to set up an IDS. This includes details about security features, data linkage and disclosure control. The findings acknowledge the challenges of developing an IDS but suggest they’re not insurmountable. AISP has also worked out data standards for future IDS sites — making it easier to use existing administrative data to conduct program evaluation in a more timely and cost-effective manner.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"099b\" id=\"099b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Knowledge-sharing across network sites\u003C/strong>: In its capacity as a facilitator of peer-to-peer knowledge sharing, AISP encourages each site to share best practices, communicate common barriers and share technical expertise with one another. It also commissions best practice reports and expert panels and provides training programs in the areas of data quality, data integration, benefit cost analysis, and ethical and legal issues.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"72ef\" id=\"72ef\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Responsible and Ethical Data Use\u003C/strong>: Sharing data across systems is challenging as a result of legal, technical and cultural impediments. Federal and state laws, or the interpretation of those laws by agency legal counsel, may impede data integration in a well-intentioned effort to safeguard individual privacy. Even for those localities that are willing and have the expertise to navigate the legal requirements, integration is sometimes limited by the absence of knowledge of ethical and responsible data handling practices. Therefore, privacy protection concerns, particularly in connection with personally identifiable health and human services data are addressed by AISP in great detail in their expert panel reports. For instance, one of the expert panel reports is focused on governance issues around the setting up of an IDS — in particular, the ethical use of personally identifiable administrative data. The report makes wide ranging suggestions, from laying down principles or shared values for data sharing to engaging various stakeholders and creating formal/informal governance structures to deal with the various aspects of responsible data usage. This includes procedures for making data requests and the technical aspects of data transfer, security and integrity.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6a2a\" id=\"6a2a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Addressing Legal Concerns: \u003C/strong>Along with the question of ethical data use, there are also legal concerns that arise when dealing with personally-identifiable data including those protecting people’s health data, education records and other personally identifiable data — all of which serve as important checks and balances to ensure that no individual’s privacy is compromised. In order to help network sites address these concerns, AISP commissioned an expert panel whose report, titled “\u003Ca href=\"https://www.aisp.upenn.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Legal-Issues.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.aisp.upenn.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Legal-Issues.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Legal Issues for IDS use: Finding a way forward\u003C/a>,” explains each of these laws and suggests specific ways in which the concerns regarding them can be addressed. It also makes noteworthy points about the exemptions provided within these laws, for example, for using data for research purposes, and provides resources to “develop the foundational legal documents,” including MOU (Memorandum of Understanding) and DUL (Data Use License), required to set up an IDS. Many of the legal concerns around using electronic data systems have also been addressed in AISP’s best practices resources. The report recommends, for example, that “direct identifiers” must be removed from a health and human services dataset in order for researchers to use them in compliance with HIPAA. While the reports are not substitutes for legal counsel, they show that there are ways to comply with the law and use these datasets responsibly in a manner and that these laws aren’t hindrances to setting up an IDS — rather, they help ensure that paramount importance is attached to privacy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f140\" id=\"f140\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Multi-site Research Projects: \u003C/strong>AISP also works to generate interest in \u003Ca href=\"http://www.aisp.upenn.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/FromFosterCaretoJuvenileJusticeInfographic.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.aisp.upenn.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/FromFosterCaretoJuvenileJusticeInfographic.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">multi-site research projects\u003C/a> and sub-contracts with Network sites. For example, AISP coordinated a multi-site study funded by the MacArthur Foundation designed to help city policy-makers understand the patterns and factors that predict crossover from child welfare to juvenile justice services. AISP Network sites in New York City, Cook Co., IL (Chicago), and Cuyahoga Co., OH (Cleveland) each utilized linked data from their own IDS but followed the same study design across sites. All three found that children who entered foster care for the first time after age nine were at a remarkably higher risk for later juvenile justice involvement relative to children with their first placement in infancy. Findings from the study not only informed changes in New York City’s strategy for targeting services to dually involved youth and older foster care youth, but also led the three sites to engage in further research collaboration aimed at developing the methodology for creating a national estimate for dually involved youth.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7b50\" id=\"7b50\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">AISP Research: \u003C/strong>AISP faculty and staff also conduct their own research using linked administrative data.\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> \u003C/strong>Municipal leaders from across multiple public-service systems in the city of Philadelphia commissioned Professor John Fantuzzo, co-director of AISP, to conduct a \u003Ca href=\"http://www.aisp.upenn.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Academic_achievement_AfAmer_boys_PreviousPhilly.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.aisp.upenn.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Academic_achievement_AfAmer_boys_PreviousPhilly.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">comprehensive study\u003C/a> of publicly monitored factors in administrative databases that may contribute to the achievement gap between boys of different racial backgrounds. Using the Kids Integrated Data System (KIDS) in Philadelphia, the study brought together data from School District of Philadelphia, Department of Public Health, Department of Human Services, and Office of Supportive Housing. The study revealed that African American boys were experiencing early risks at a higher rate than white boys in the sample when controlling for poverty. Findings also indicate that African American boys lag in reading and mathematical achievement if they were maltreated, experienced high lead exposure, had mothers who did not graduate from high school, or had mothers with inadequate prenatal care. Leveraging the results of the study, the city of Philadelphia has developed Early Childhood Risk Indicators that are maintained in their integrated data system to inform and assess service provision.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9744\" id=\"9744\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Network Research:\u003C/strong> AISP Network sites also conduct their own research projects to drive program and policy decisions. Local and state health and human services (HHS) agencies typically maintain several siloed databases for the services they offer such as public welfare, homeless services, mental health and so on. Integrating these databases is intended to provide valuable insights about users who access more than one of these services and to better target relevant services to them. At the University of Chicago, a research center called Chapin Hall integrates data from seven HHS databases to understand the characteristics and usage patterns of multiple-service users in order to better target services to them. At the University of North Carolina, Charlotte, researchers combine data from the Homeless Management Information System (HMIS) and Veteran Services to study the service utilization of veterans experiencing homelessness to the end of understanding how they could be connected easily to veteran services. Integrated Data Systems, when used responsibly and ethically, can not only help cut costs but also improve the quality of service provided to the public.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5359\" id=\"5359\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Disseminating Findings\u003C/strong>: Research findings from AISP’s multi-site research, as well as findings from individual Network site’s research and findings from AISP expert panel \u003Ca href=\"https://www.aisp.upenn.edu\" data-href=\"https://www.aisp.upenn.edu\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">reports are available\u003C/a> on the AISP website for public access.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6494\" id=\"6494\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Funding resources:\u003C/strong> AISP is grant funded and currently receives support from the MacArthur Foundation, the Annie E Casey Foundation, and a federal SIF grant, among others. A grant from the Arnold Foundation supported AISP’s development of the aforementioned expert panel reports. Each partner site in the AISP Network has its own sources of funding. Executive- and agency-based models seek funding through government contracts and foundation grants. University-based models often depend on project-driven grants.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5a5e\" id=\"5a5e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Contact details:\u003C/strong> Adelia Jenkins (adeliaj@sp2.upenn.edu)\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"aaaa\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"7d91\" id=\"7d91\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading graf--trailing\">We’d like to thank Amy Hawn Nelson, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Director of Training and Technical Assistance, AISP \u003C/em>and \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Adelia D. Jenkins, Executive Director, AISP \u003C/em>for their assistance.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/actionable-intelligence-for-social-policy-aisp",{"title":3104,"description":3107},"actionable-intelligence-for-social-policy-aisp","blogposts/actionable-intelligence-for-social-policy-aisp","9ERnVxvSRe98z_ijT_D9g9P_FR5oaXWTggtcBEgRzk0",{"id":3117,"title":3118,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3119,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3120,"description":3121,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3118,"image":3122,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3123,"meta":3124,"navigation":15,"path":3125,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3126,"slug":3127,"startTime":34,"stem":3128,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3129},"blogposts/blogposts/california-policy-lab-cpl.json","California Policy Lab (CPL)",[],"2017-12-12T20:37:41","CPL is a university-government partnership that aims to help cities, counties and the State of California improve public programs through…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*EdeYJTtUJLZE3hMv3yLaow.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"b98b\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"559d\" id=\"559d\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*EdeYJTtUJLZE3hMv3yLaow.jpeg\" data-width=\"640\" data-height=\"480\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*EdeYJTtUJLZE3hMv3yLaow.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">UC- Berkeley Memorial Glade (Image By Gku (Own work) [GFDL (\u003Ca href=\"http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html\" data-href=\"http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html\u003C/a>) or CC-BY-SA-3.0 (\u003Ca href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/\" data-href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/\u003C/a>)], via Wikimedia Commons)\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"51ea\" id=\"51ea\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">California Policy Lab (CPL)\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"aea6\" id=\"aea6\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">CPL is a university-government partnership that aims to help cities, counties and the State of California improve public programs through empirical research, program evaluations and technical assistance provided by UCLA and UC Berkeley to the end of improving the lives of Californians. CPL is very young and is still developing its core model of supporting government with data analytic services.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"4514\" id=\"4514\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Location:\u003C/strong> Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"66b9\" id=\"66b9\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">Summary\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"b5e6\" id=\"b5e6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Set up in 2017 to create data-driven, scientific evidence and insights to help governments at all levels in the state solve urgent public problems, the California Policy Lab provides a research infrastructure; including faculty, government policy experts, full time research support staff, and administrative data; to help bridge the gap between policy makers and the research community. CPL uses diverse data science and research methods to achieve the larger goal of improving the lives of Californians. To that end, CPL aims to generate scientific evidence to drive evidence-based policy making by leveraging both the potential of administrative data as well as the talent and experience of researchers and faculty in the state’s university system. This will hopefully unlock evaluation methods previously unusable by many jurisdictions due to data silos or lack of capacity or expertise. .\u003C/p>\u003Cblockquote name=\"5d53\" id=\"5d53\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Often the people most interested in research, do not have the relevant data and the people charged with stewarding the data do not have the resources to pursue research.” — Evan White, Executive Director at CPL-Berkeley\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cp name=\"6163\" id=\"6163\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--blockquote\">CPL aims to bring smart, dedicated researchers from Berkeley and the University of California system to help government agencies, big and small, achieve their goals involving evidence-based policy making in general and administrative data use in particular. Although only only recently founded, their aspiration is to facilitate greater use of these data, CPL can, as other policy labs, advance the field of impact evaluation and facilitate increased efficiency and data science understanding within government in order to improve social programs.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7356\" id=\"7356\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">CPL is capable of hosting and linking administrative data from multiple sources across jurisdictions and agencies on their secure and confidential data infrastructure.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7166\" id=\"7166\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Often the people most interested in research, do not have the relevant data,” Evan White, executive director at CPL-Berkeley said, “and the people charged with stewarding the data do not have the resources to pursue research.” CPL plays a crucial role in bridging the talent gap in government and improving the ease of access to data for researchers. “The aim is to improve the lives of Californians. Data are only the means to reaching that end,” he said¹.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9e88\" id=\"9e88\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Due to the complexities involved in finding, accessing and using administrative data, including the creation of data sharing agreements, the costs involved in maintaining secure databases and so on, individual university researchers find it difficult to meaningfully use administrative data both for their own work as well as to help government. Using its existing relationships to serve as a go-between for government agencies and academia as well as providing the resources and capacity for the data infrastructure, CPL helps to lower the barriers to entry, thus facilitating the ability of academic researchers to work with administrative data ethically and securely. At least for now, it has no plans to serve the philanthropic and or nonprofit sectors, unless they are partnering with or serving public agencies.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0c28\" id=\"0c28\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sector:\u003C/strong> Economic, social service, housing, homelessness, education and criminal justice systems.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ae74\" id=\"ae74\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Target Audience:\u003C/strong> Local, regional, and state governments and government agencies within California. CPL aims to work with different parts of government research on the questions that are most pertinent to their clients. CPL works in a broad array of social policy, including criminal justice, education, social safety net, labor, and homeless and other high-needs populations.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"baf8\" id=\"baf8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Services offered:\u003C/strong> CPL \u003Ca href=\"https://www.capolicylab.org/what-we-do/\" data-href=\"https://www.capolicylab.org/what-we-do/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">offers\u003C/a> Program evaluation, predictive modeling, technical assistance, policy research to understand different populations and designing targeted interventions. Recently, the Lab released a report which examined the impact of including letters of recommendation as part of a candidate’s application to University of California, Berkeley. The \u003Ca href=\"https://www.capolicylab.org/news/press-release-letters-of-recommendation/\" data-href=\"https://www.capolicylab.org/news/press-release-letters-of-recommendation/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">report found\u003C/a> that including letters of recommendation had a positive impact on the enrollment of underrepresented students. The Lab also recently \u003Ca href=\"https://www.capolicylab.org/californias-enhanced-drug-and-contraband-interdiction-program/\" data-href=\"https://www.capolicylab.org/californias-enhanced-drug-and-contraband-interdiction-program/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">released an evaluation\u003C/a> of a program to keep contraband from being smuggled inside prisons and found that the prisons receiving the most intensive interventions saw declines in failed drug tests among inmates.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9ea4\" id=\"9ea4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data Sources:\u003C/strong> Administrative data from partner government agencies.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"16f3\" id=\"16f3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Who Houses the Data:\u003C/strong> Data are typically housed and analyzed by CPL in their secure data hub. Occasionally the government agency that collects the data houses the data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"da8d\" id=\"da8d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Addressing Data Quality Issues:\u003C/strong> CPL primarily analyzes administrative data for research purposes, and makes sure that such data is of sufficient quality and reliability before analysis. CPL also helps partners to set up data systems that allow for more rigorous and complex analysis. In this line of work, CPL will work with the administrative data holders to create new integrated database systems in linkable formats that allow more advanced querying and more sophisticated analysis. CPL also helps build capacity as it works with these governments, offering guidance and support to help spread expertise to their partners.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ff67\" id=\"ff67\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Addressing Data Governance and Oversight Mechanisms:\u003C/strong> Most of the administrative data CPL uses or gets access to is personally identifiable. To mitigate the risk of compromising individuals’ information, CPL employs a combination of oversight mechanisms and technical access restrictions. It enters into Data Sharing Agreements (DSAs) with its partner government agencies to get access to the administrative data and creates a new scopes of work for each new project that relates to a given dataset, which specifies which faculty affiliates and staff have access to this data. In other words, even though the DSAs allow data to live on CPL’s servers, not everyone at the Lab can access all the data². CPL’s secure servers also store de-identified data and have the ability to store data from multiple agencies merged to allow major longitudinal analysis.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bef2\" id=\"bef2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Analytical talent:\u003C/strong> UC Berkeley and UCLA faculty and researchers whose research interests overlap with the projects government agencies would like to carry out.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dfa4\" id=\"dfa4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Methodology:\u003C/strong> The key for CPL is that there is no single approach that can fit all their partners’ needs; therefore they employ a wide range of activities, including data visualization, machine learning, mapping, predictive analytics, propensity score matching, regression discontinuity designs, and randomized controlled trials.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a15d\" id=\"a15d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sample Project:\u003C/strong> In a \u003Ca href=\"https://www.capolicylab.org/californias-enhanced-drug-and-contraband-interdiction-program/\" data-href=\"https://www.capolicylab.org/californias-enhanced-drug-and-contraband-interdiction-program/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">recent study\u003C/a> the lab performed an evaluation of California’s Enhanced Drug and Contraband Interdiction Program (EDCIP) and found that the most intensive version of the program had led to a 23% decline in random drug test failure rates but at the same time showed a notable increase in inmate misconduct driven by drug-related rule violations. The\u003Ca href=\"http://www.sfchronicle.com/crime/article/California-shifts-from-scanners-to-dogs-to-halt-11144185.php\" data-href=\"http://www.sfchronicle.com/crime/article/California-shifts-from-scanners-to-dogs-to-halt-11144185.php\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> findings led\u003C/a> to California governor Jerry Brown scrapping the $15 million dollar EDCI Program in favour of an increased number of sniffer dogs to sniff out drugs in prisons.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f250\" id=\"f250\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Disseminating Findings:\u003C/strong> Publication of reports or other documents varies based on the project since not all the projects CPL undertakes lend themselves to publication, but a majority of their reports and findings will be published online. Recently, for example, the lab \u003Ca href=\"https://www.capolicylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Recommendation-Letters-UC-Berkeley-July-11-2017.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.capolicylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Recommendation-Letters-UC-Berkeley-July-11-2017.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">published a study\u003C/a> which found that including a letter of recommendation as part of an application improved the enrollment of of underrepresented applicants at the University of California, Berkeley.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f76c\" id=\"f76c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Funding resources:\u003C/strong> CPL was granted approximately $2 million in seed funding from the Arnold Foundation and will continue to seek philanthropic support for its work. Over the long-term, CPL also hopes to receive funding from the university, the state of California, and from private donors.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1f53\" id=\"1f53\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Link to website:\u003C/strong> \u003Ca href=\"https://www.capolicylab.org\" data-href=\"https://www.capolicylab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.capolicylab.org\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d7a8\" id=\"d7a8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Contact details:\u003C/strong> \u003Ca href=\"mailto:evanbwhite@berkeley.edu\" data-href=\"mailto:evanbwhite@berkeley.edu\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">evanbwhite@berkeley.edu\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"mailto:janey@cpl.ucla.edu\" data-href=\"mailto:janey@cpl.ucla.edu\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">janey@cpl.ucla.edu\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"ad20\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"c937\" id=\"c937\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading graf--trailing\">We’d like to thank Evan White, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Executive Director, California Policy Lab- Berkeley\u003C/em> and Janey Rountree, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Executive Director, CPL- UCLA\u003C/em> for their assistance.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/california-policy-lab-cpl",{"title":3118,"description":3121},"california-policy-lab-cpl","blogposts/california-policy-lab-cpl","SICGg7XRvpWF2ZQSPta91BoY_ezaERBRVV0tAypXC_M",{"id":3131,"title":3132,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3133,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3134,"description":3135,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3132,"image":3136,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3137,"meta":3138,"navigation":15,"path":3139,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3140,"slug":3141,"startTime":34,"stem":3142,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3143},"blogposts/blogposts/ministry-of-justice-data-lab.json","Ministry of Justice Data Lab",[],"2017-12-12T20:35:04","The Justice Data Lab is an analytical service run by the Ministry of Justice which uses UK reoffending administrative data to conduct…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*IjUp0c8gRvRZ0IO4yFHEfg.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"e112\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"4943\" id=\"4943\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*IjUp0c8gRvRZ0IO4yFHEfg.png\" data-width=\"1024\" data-height=\"378\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*IjUp0c8gRvRZ0IO4yFHEfg.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Lady Justice UK (Image By \u003Ca href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Lonpicman\" data-href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Lonpicman\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Lonpicman\u003C/a> [CC BY-SA 3.0 (\u003Ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0\" data-href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0\u003C/a>)], via Wikimedia Commons)\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"1218\" id=\"1218\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Ministry of Justice Data Lab\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"14c4\" id=\"14c4\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">The Justice Data Lab is an analytical service run by the Ministry of Justice which uses UK reoffending administrative data to conduct impact evaluations for organizations that provider offender rehabilitation services.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"f12d\" id=\"f12d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Location:\u003C/strong> England, United Kingdom\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"ec3d\" id=\"ec3d\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">Summary\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"636f\" id=\"636f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">The Justice Data Lab (JDL) was set up in 2013 by the Ministry of Justice (MoJ) and gives organizations working with offenders access to \u003Ca href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/justice-data-lab\" data-href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/justice-data-lab\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">re-offending data\u003C/a>. The information provided helps organizations to assess the impact of their work on reducing re-offending; provides evidence to funders and clients; and develops the evidence base of effective rehabilitation. The case for the JDL was presented to the MoJ in 2012 by \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thinknpc.org/our-work/projects/data-labs/\" data-href=\"http://www.thinknpc.org/our-work/projects/data-labs/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">New Philanthropy Capital\u003C/a> (NPC) who \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thinknpc.org/publications/unlocking-offending-data/\" data-href=\"http://www.thinknpc.org/publications/unlocking-offending-data/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">surveyed\u003C/a> criminal justice charities to understand the difficulties in evaluating reoffending. The vast majority found the process of accessing offending data difficult. NPC proposed the creation of a JDL to improve access to re-offending data, particularly for charities, and have worked with the MoJ and an expert panel since to make this a reality. The Justice Data Lab was launched as a\u003Ca href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/289250/justice-data-lab-pilot-year.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/289250/justice-data-lab-pilot-year.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> \u003C/a>pilot in 2013, and confirmed as a \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thinknpc.org/blog/justice-data-lab-now-a-permanent-service\" data-href=\"http://www.thinknpc.org/blog/justice-data-lab-now-a-permanent-service\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">permanent service\u003C/a> in 2015.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cda1\" id=\"cda1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The JDL makes valuable administrative data available to those outside government who do not have the skills, nor capacity to transform the data into information. This was initially considered as an area of need for the charitable sector, however, public and private sector organizations have equally made use of the service. This data is highly personal and sensitive, but the JDL model ensures that personally identifiable data is only queried through internal JDL staff to ensure that privacy is safeguarded. By leveraging the administrative data available in the Police National Computer (PNC) and other linked datasets, the JDL evaluates the impact of a service using up to \u003Ca href=\"http://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/650894/jdl-general-annex-oct-17.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/650894/jdl-general-annex-oct-17.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">fourteen measures\u003C/a> of reoffending, dependent on the nature and sample size of the intervention. Core measures provided for every analysis are reoffending rates, frequency of re-offenses and length of time to a re-offense.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ed14\" id=\"ed14\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To use the JDL, an organization needs to submit information on a minimum of 60 individuals who were provided their service, and details of their program. A team of statisticians calculate the reoffending statistics of this group, and use statistical matching techniques to create a comparison group who share similar characteristics. The JDL staff then perform comparative analysis of the reoffending rates of the two groups which is written into a ‘plain English’ report that is published on the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.gov.uk/government/collections/justice-data-lab-pilot-statistics\" data-href=\"http://www.gov.uk/government/collections/justice-data-lab-pilot-statistics\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">MoJ’s website\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9902\" id=\"9902\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The JDL started with two full time statisticians, moving to four in 2014. Between April 2013 and October 2017, 167 analyses for social enterprises, public, and private sector organizations in England and Wales were produced.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"69a2\" id=\"69a2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Website: \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"http://www.gov.uk/government/publications/justice-data-lab\" data-href=\"http://www.gov.uk/government/publications/justice-data-lab\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">www.gov.uk/government/publications/justice-data-lab\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"360d\" id=\"360d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sector:\u003C/strong> Criminal Justice\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"77a8\" id=\"77a8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Target Audience:\u003C/strong> NGOs and nonprofits providing offender services in the UK. Utilised by all organisations providing offender rehabilitation services.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ec69\" id=\"ec69\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Services offered:\u003C/strong> Impact Evaluation\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c5da\" id=\"c5da\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data Sources:\u003C/strong> The Police National Computer- the administrative data system used by all police forces in England and Wales. Employment and benefit history from the Department for Works and Pension (DWP) and HM Revenue and Customs. Offender risk and needs data from Offender Assessment System (OASys)\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f20e\" id=\"f20e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Who Houses the Data:\u003C/strong> UK Ministry of Justice\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4260\" id=\"4260\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Addressing Data Quality Issues:\u003C/strong> The JDL team continually work to improve the methodology and quality of data by regularly inviting peer review¹. At the piloting stage of the JDL, services targeted at high risk offenders such as individuals with mental health issues, or drug/alcohol addiction could not be evaluated as the reoffending data did not flag individuals which had these conditions. If evaluated the calculated comparison groups would likely underestimate reoffending as they would be drawn from the general offending population rather than a high risk population. Over the years, in response to an NPC co-ordinated user feedback and expert panel, MoJ have integrated additional datasets to the service, meaning that high risk groups can now be evaluated. However not all offenders can be evaluated, young offenders under 14 are not evaluated due to the population size being small, and sexual offenders are not evaluated due to having a different offending pattern. The fact that the JDL team have actively engaged with users and potential users of the service has enabled the JDL to develop in response to customer need.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0961\" id=\"0961\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Addressing Data Governance and Oversight Mechanisms:\u003C/strong> In order to match the organization’s cohort of individuals to administrative data sets, the JDL requires access to individual names, dates of birth, gender and start/end date of intervention, at the very least. Since this raises many legitimate questions of privacy-related risks, the JDL was required by law to undergo a \u003Ca href=\"http://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/372076/justice-data-lab-privacy-impact-assessment.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/372076/justice-data-lab-privacy-impact-assessment.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">privacy impact assessment\u003C/a> to show that it was in compliance with the UK’s Data Protection Act and the European Convention of Human Rights. The report’s objective was to identify any data protection risks and to propose solutions to mitigate them. It details the procedures and security mechanisms in place to handle data requests and transfers of data to MoJ.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"04e6\" id=\"04e6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The solution the JDL adopted to ensure data privacy and confidentiality is to ensure that personal data does not leave the MoJ. The JDL team are MoJ staff who receive requests from NGOs or other JDL customers to carry out an evaluation, but do not share personal data with the customers.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c719\" id=\"c719\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Analytical talent:\u003C/strong> 4 full time MoJ data analysts.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b3e5\" id=\"b3e5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Methodology:\u003C/strong> The JDL caters to a specific set of customers- organizations who provide offender rehabilitation services and want to demonstrate impact in terms of re-offending. NGO/charities are the biggest user of the service, but just over half of evaluated interventions were drawn from public and private sector organizations.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"21c5\" id=\"21c5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The customer organization submits offender and intervention data about a cohort of individuals who received their services using the JDL’s \u003Ca href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/justice-data-lab\" data-href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/justice-data-lab\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">data upload template\u003C/a>. A minimum of 60 individuals must be submitted to enable statistical testing to be conducted. The JDL analysts use this information to calculate reoffending statistics of the treated group and use Propensity Score Matching to create a statistically matched comparison group. The re-offending rates of the two groups are compared and a report of the analysis is provided to the customer. The methodology is described in detail in a \u003Ca href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/392929/justice-data-lab-methodology.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/392929/justice-data-lab-methodology.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">publicly available report\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0c5f\" id=\"0c5f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Disseminating Findings:\u003C/strong> The results from the analysis are freely published on the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/justice-data-lab-pilot-statistics\" data-href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/justice-data-lab-pilot-statistics\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">MoJ’s website\u003C/a>. No personal data is disclosed. To aid interpretation of the results, the JDL recommends that the report should be used in addition to other evaluations the customer carries out and it can not be used to compare with either the national average for reoffending rates or with that of other organizations due to different offender profiles that are evaluated.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d713\" id=\"d713\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Recently, the MoJ has \u003Ca href=\"https://public.tableau.com/profile/moj.analysis#!/vizhome/JDLDataVisualisationTool/JDLAnalysesbyRegion\" data-href=\"https://public.tableau.com/profile/moj.analysis#!/vizhome/JDLDataVisualisationTool/JDLAnalysesbyRegion\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">geographically mapped\u003C/a> impact reports. Alongside individual reports, and aggregated sector results, researchers and organizations have a variety of formats in which to make use of the data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fc08\" id=\"fc08\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Successes/ Impact:\u003C/strong> The JDL has evaluated nearly 170 impact evaluations in 4 years. It has won high profile awards² due to its customer focused service and use of statistics. Due to the success of the model, the original pilot was extended and finally established as a permanent service in 2015.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"f1f5\" id=\"f1f5\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">Sample Project:\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"57a4\" id=\"57a4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">The Prisoner’s Education Trust (PET) is an organization that provides grants to offenders in prisons to pursue long distance education programs or to purchase materials for arts projects. In January 2014, PET approached the JDL with a request to evaluate the impact of their services on 195 individuals. The JDL staff was able to find matches for 90% of the eligible individuals to the police national computer and approximately half of them had identifiable custodial sentences in the period that PET group received the intervention. When they compared the reoffending rates for the two groups, the data lab found that 21% of the individuals who received PET’s grant reoffended while that number was 32% for the matched control group. The difference in the rates, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/270092/unaccredited-courses-report.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/270092/unaccredited-courses-report.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">as per the analysis\u003C/a>, was statistically significant and helped prove PET’s grant made a quantifiable difference to the group who received the intervention. PET used this data to secure additional funding, and used the JDL in 2015 to undertake further sub-group analysis.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2bdd\" id=\"2bdd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Funding resources:\u003C/strong> The service is funded by the UK Ministry of Justice\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cfef\" id=\"cfef\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Link to website:\u003C/strong> \u003Ca href=\"http://www.gov.uk/government/publications/justice-data-lab\" data-href=\"http://www.gov.uk/government/publications/justice-data-lab\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">www.gov.uk/government/publications/justice-data-lab\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"199b\" id=\"199b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Contact details:\u003C/strong> MoJ: \u003Ca href=\"mailto:justice.datalab@justice.gsi.gov.uk\" data-href=\"mailto:justice.datalab@justice.gsi.gov.uk\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">justice.datalab@justice.gsi.gov.uk\u003C/a> or contact NPC to discuss their work in developing the JDL and other impact data labs in employment, education and health. \u003Ca href=\"mailto:Tracey.Gyateng@thinknpc.org\" data-href=\"mailto:Tracey.Gyateng@thinknpc.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">Tracey.Gyateng@thinknpc.org\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"69e6\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"92cb\" id=\"92cb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading graf--trailing\">We’d like to thank Tris Lumley, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Director of Innovation and Development, New Philanthropy Capital\u003C/em> and Tracey Gyateng, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data Labs Project Manager, New Philanthropy Capital\u003C/em> for their assistance.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"50b1\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch4 name=\"f3c5\" id=\"f3c5\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">Footnotes:\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"56b1\" id=\"56b1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">¹ See “\u003Ca href=\"http://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/506327/methodology-review-response.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/506327/methodology-review-response.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">A peer review of existing methodology- response\u003C/a>”for latest peer review [as of November 2017]. Published by UK Ministry of Justice, February 2016.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4867\" id=\"4867\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">² For example, \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thinknpc.org/media/press-releases/justice-data-labs-developed-by-npc-wins-prestigious-royal-statistical-society-prize/\" data-href=\"http://www.thinknpc.org/media/press-releases/justice-data-labs-developed-by-npc-wins-prestigious-royal-statistical-society-prize/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Royal Statistical Society’s Statistical Excellence in Official Statistics\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2742\" id=\"2742\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Additional Resource: \u003C/strong>Another case study on the Justice Data Lab can be found \u003Ca href=\"http://www.langleyhousetrust.org/impact/justice-data-lab-results/\" data-href=\"http://www.langleyhousetrust.org/impact/justice-data-lab-results/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/ministry-of-justice-data-lab",{"title":3132,"description":3135},"ministry-of-justice-data-lab","blogposts/ministry-of-justice-data-lab","jrLPS_fDfhwKyKZVb-h6PLZl9eIJ1FYARkdQLepuOj4",{"id":3145,"title":3146,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3147,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3148,"description":3149,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3146,"image":3150,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3151,"meta":3152,"navigation":15,"path":3153,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3154,"slug":3155,"startTime":34,"stem":3156,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3157},"blogposts/blogposts/legislature-20-crowdlaw-and-the-future-of-lawmaking.json","Legislature 2.0: CrowdLaw and the Future of Lawmaking",[],"2017-11-15T05:01:00","Re-posted from the GovLab blog.","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*YjAoffICR9cCTouaFEbHOg.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"7914\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"c08b\" id=\"c08b\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Legislature 2.0: CrowdLaw and the Future of Lawmaking\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"2571\" id=\"2571\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*YjAoffICR9cCTouaFEbHOg.jpeg\" data-width=\"1920\" data-height=\"960\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*YjAoffICR9cCTouaFEbHOg.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"17cd\" id=\"17cd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Re-posted from the \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">GovLab blog\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6711\" id=\"6711\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">With rates of trust in government at all-time lows, the legitimacy and effectiveness of traditional representative models of lawmaking, typically dominated by political party agendas and conducted by professional staff and politicians working behind largely closed doors, are called into question. But technology offers the promise of opening how lawmaking bodies work to new sources of expertise and opinion and making lawmakers accountable to the public more on more than just Election Day. Around the world, there are already over two dozen examples of local legislatures and national parliaments turning to the Internet to involve the public. We call such open and participatory lawmaking: “crowdlaw.”\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"f703\" id=\"f703\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">The Crowd.Law Website\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"02d8\" id=\"02d8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Although legislatures fund the research done in universities, they invest next to nothing in researching and reinventing how they themselves work. Thus, the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Governance Lab\u003C/a> at New York University is launching the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/project-crowdlaw.html\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/project-crowdlaw.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw Research Initiative\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/crowd.law\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/crowd.law\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">website\u003C/a> (“CrowdLaw”) to understand the future impact of technology on the lawmaking process, in particular those technologies that enable participation by individuals and groups. We focus on these collective intelligence tools — as distinct from the technology that enables greater legislative transparency — because they offer the potential for a two-way conversation that could channel more and more diverse opinions and expertise into the lawmaking process and may thereby improve the quality of legislation and its efficacy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a671\" id=\"a671\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The focus is on creating not only more direct, but also more informed democracy. Our work starts from the hypothesis that expertise of all kinds is widely distributed in society and that we can use technology to introduce better information into the legislative process, making it an ongoing conversation and collaborative process.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"182a\" id=\"182a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Crowd.Law \u003Ca href=\"http://www.crowd.law/\" data-href=\"http://www.crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">website\u003C/a> includes:\u003C/p>\u003Col class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"20d9\" id=\"20d9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">An \u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-introduction-baef458325ae\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-introduction-baef458325ae\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">in-depth analysis\u003C/a> and explanation of CrowdLaw\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6aea\" id=\"6aea\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-case-studies-30cc06e9a5a6\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-case-studies-30cc06e9a5a6\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Short case studies\u003C/a> of 25 global examples of CrowdLaw initiatives;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6aff\" id=\"6aff\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A \u003Ca href=\"https://twitter.com/TheGovLab/lists/crowdlaw\" data-href=\"https://twitter.com/TheGovLab/lists/crowdlaw\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Twitter list\u003C/a> of leading thinkers and practitioners of CrowdLaw;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1569\" id=\"1569\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-crowdlaw/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-crowdlaw/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">bibliography of Selected Readings\u003C/a> on CrowdLaw;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"cc73\" id=\"cc73\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-summary-of-recommendations-84694cc723ef\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-summary-of-recommendations-84694cc723ef\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">In-depth design recommendations\u003C/a> for designing crowdlaw processes and platforms; and\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a21e\" id=\"a21e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-model-legislation-annotated-30f864593e2\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-model-legislation-annotated-30f864593e2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Model language\u003C/a> for legislating public engagement in lawmaking.\u003C/li>\u003C/ol>\u003Cp name=\"3134\" id=\"3134\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">This work is informed by three online convenings among crowdlaw practitioners from more than a dozen countries\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_edn1\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_edn1\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">1\u003C/a> and a semester-long \u003Ca href=\"https://law.yale.edu/yls-today/news/clinic-explores-citizen-participation-lawmaking-parliamentary-conference\" data-href=\"https://law.yale.edu/yls-today/news/clinic-explores-citizen-participation-lawmaking-parliamentary-conference\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">graduate research project\u003C/a> undertaken at Yale University in the Yale Law School’s \u003Ca href=\"https://www.publicentrepreneur.org/yale-projects\" data-href=\"https://www.publicentrepreneur.org/yale-projects\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Clinic on Governance Innovation\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"f204\" id=\"f204\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Future CrowdLaw Activities in 2018\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"26b5\" id=\"26b5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">The launch of Crowd.Law is only the beginning of a series of activities for the coming year designed to deepen our understanding of CrowdLaw practices, convene the community interested in legislative innovation, pilot additional CrowdLaw experiments in practice and study what works.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"55fd\" id=\"55fd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To that end, on November 17th, the Madrid Regional Assembly and the Madrid City Council will convene a workshop on CrowdLaw together with the GovLab at NYU and the Harvard Study Group “The challenge to design a technological Agora” designed to investigate potential pilot projects on CrowdLaw for lawmaking at the local and regional level in Spain.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c888\" id=\"c888\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This Spring, the GovLab and multi-disciplinary students from New York University’s Tandon School of Engineering in \u003Ca href=\"https://www.publicentrepreneur.org/tcs-governing-the-city\" data-href=\"https://www.publicentrepreneur.org/tcs-governing-the-city\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Governing the City\u003C/a> will undertake research for the city council of a large metropolis to map how a bill becomes a law and, in turn, how that law gets implemented into regulations, in an effort to identify the benefits and risks of greater public engagement.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"348f\" id=\"348f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">With support from the Rockefeller Foundation, the Governance Lab will convene political and legal theorists, parliamentarians, platform designs and legislative staff from six continents at the Rockefeller Bellagio Conference Center in Italy in March to explore the theory and practice of public engagement in lawmaking and to set standards for data collection and sharing by parliaments practicing crowdlaw to enable evidence-based research.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"eb71\" id=\"eb71\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Why CrowdLaw?\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"a5a3\" id=\"a5a3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Today the public, with the exception of interest group lobbyists, has very little impact on governing. There’s a vast literature on the infirmities of the legislative process, which explain the causes that have given rise to poor quality. As Jacob Hacker and Paul Pierson conclude in \u003Ca href=\"http://www.simonandschuster.com/books/Winner-Take-All-Politics/Jacob-S-Hacker/9781416588702\" data-href=\"http://www.simonandschuster.com/books/Winner-Take-All-Politics/Jacob-S-Hacker/9781416588702\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Winner Takes All Politics\u003C/a>, the multi-billion dollar lobbying machine of organized business that emerged in the 1970s to combat Great Society social programs has captured the political process and continuously pushed through a legislative agenda designed to favor the very rich over the middle class. Their book-length work chronicles the exclusion of the “every man” from politics and the resulting inequality in American society. In David Schoenbrod’s \u003Ca href=\"http://www.dc-confidential.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.dc-confidential.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">DC Confidential\u003C/a>, he lays out the “five tricks” politicians use to take credit while passing the blame and the buck to future generations for their bad legislation. As another study concluded: “the preferences of the average American appear to have only a minuscule, near-zero, statistically non-significant impact upon public policy.”\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_edn2\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_edn2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">2\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ca11\" id=\"ca11\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The unknown question is whether new forms participation beyond the Ballot Box can, in practice, enhance the legitimacy\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_edn3\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_edn3\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">3\u003C/a> and quality\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_edn4\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_edn4\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">4\u003C/a> of the lawmaking process and remedy what ails it. It is worth noting that these two goals are in often in tension because one focuses on ensuring that all voices are heard and the other on enhancing expertise in the process. There is no right answer as to which is more important. But most experiments with public engagement in law- and policymaking to date have focused on the former to the exclusion of the latter. They have not resulted in any measurable improvements in legislative outcomes. It will be crucial when designing new pilots to experiment with trying to design platforms and processes to achieve both goals at different stages of the lawmaking process.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f580\" id=\"f580\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For example, when parliaments decide what issues to take up (agenda-setting), this may be an opportunity to raise the concerns and problems of the community and for the public to propose, prioritize and critique problems to tackle, as is the case of Finland’s \u003Ca href=\"http://openministry.info/finnish-citizens-initiative\" data-href=\"http://openministry.info/finnish-citizens-initiative\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Citizen’s Initiative Act\u003C/a>, in which a member of the public can propose new legislation. At this stage, participation has the potential to enhance information and bring empiricism into the legislative process through public contribution of expertise.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"25bb\" id=\"25bb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">When legislative and regulatory bodies arrive at the substance of a solution to a problem (proposal-crafting), this could present the opportunity to identify innovative approaches by leveraging distributed expertise beyond that available from legislators and their staffs and occasional hearings\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_edn5\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_edn5\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">5\u003C/a> and, at the same time, to create a process for gauging public preferences and public opinion in response to proposed solutions. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.parlement-et-citoyens.fr/\" data-href=\"https://www.parlement-et-citoyens.fr/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Parlement & Citoyens\u003C/a> in France enables citizens to submit proposals on the causes and solutions to a problem posed by a representative. Citizens’ proposals are then synthesized, debated, and incorporated into the resulting draft legislation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ea86\" id=\"ea86\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Many of the newer political parties from \u003Ca href=\"https://podemos.info/\" data-href=\"https://podemos.info/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Podemos\u003C/a> in Spain to the \u003Ca href=\"https://alternativet.dk/en\" data-href=\"https://alternativet.dk/en\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Alternative\u003C/a> in Denmark have used new technology to invite their constituents to draft the party platform in an effort to assess the opinions of their base and be more responsive to them.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"22da\" id=\"22da\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">If parliaments distribute the work of monitoring implementation to citizens with \u003Ca href=\"http://promisetracker.org/2017/05/23/initial-findings-from-para/\" data-href=\"http://promisetracker.org/2017/05/23/initial-findings-from-para/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">camera-phones\u003C/a>, for example, this could dramatically increase the ability to evaluate the downstream cost and benefits of legislation on people’s lives and introduce into lawmaking greater empirical rigor, which is typically lacking. \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_edn6\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_edn6\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">6\u003C/a> \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_edn7\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_edn7\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">7\u003C/a> \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_edn8\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_edn8\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">8\u003C/a> \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_edn9\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_edn9\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">9\u003C/a> \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_edn10\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_edn10\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">10\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"63b4\" id=\"63b4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Yet it is not self-evident that more public participation per se produces wiser or more just laws. There are countless instances to the contrary, including notable recent plebiscites. Rather than improve the informational quality of legislation, opening up decision-making may end up empowering some more than others and enable undue influence by special interests. More direct participation could lead to populist rule with negative outcomes for civil liberties. Legislatures are rightly slow to implement public engagement, fearing that participation will be burdensome, at worst, and useless at best.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c3ca\" id=\"c3ca\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">To counter these risks and realize the benefits, there is an urgent need for systematic experimentation and assessment to inform and guide how legislatures engage with the public to collect, analyze and use information as part of the lawmaking process. But if we want to get beyond conventional democratic models of representation or referendum, and evolve how we legislate, this requires knowledge of how more participation might help to improve the legitimacy and the effectiveness of lawmaking.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"e1ac\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"666a\" id=\"666a\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading\">Endnotes:\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"7a0a\" id=\"7a0a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_ednref1\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_ednref1\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">[1]\u003C/a> “Toward More Inclusive Lawmaking: What We Know & Still Most Need to Know About Crowdlaw,” The Governance Lab, June 4, 2014, \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/toward-more-inclusive-lawmaking-what-we-know-still-most-need-to-know-about-crowdlaw/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/toward-more-inclusive-lawmaking-what-we-know-still-most-need-to-know-about-crowdlaw/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://thegovlab.org/toward-more-inclusive-lawmaking-what-we-know-still-most-need-to-know-about-crowdlaw/\u003C/a>. “Expanding Insights — #Crowdlaw Session 2 Highlights Need for Experimentation & Collaboration,” The Governance Lab, June 24, 2014, \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/expanding-insights-crowdlaw-session-2-highlights-need-for-experimentation-collaboration/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/expanding-insights-crowdlaw-session-2-highlights-need-for-experimentation-collaboration/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://thegovlab.org/expanding-insights-crowdlaw-session-2-highlights-need-for-experimentation-collaboration/\u003C/a>. “#CrowdLaw — On the Verge of Disruptive Change… Designing to Scale Impact,” The Governance Lab, December 4, 2015, \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/expanding-insights-crowdlaw-session-2-highlights-need-for-experimentation-collaboration/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/expanding-insights-crowdlaw-session-2-highlights-need-for-experimentation-collaboration/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://thegovlab.org/expanding-insights-crowdlaw-session-2-highlights-need-for-experimentation-collaboration/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a234\" id=\"a234\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_ednref2\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_ednref2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">[2]\u003C/a> Gilens, M., & Page, B. (2014). Testing Theories of American Politics: Elites, Interest Groups, and Average Citizens. Perspectives on Politics, 12(3), 564–581. doi:10.1017/S1537592714001595.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c71e\" id=\"c71e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_ednref3\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_ednref3\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">[3]\u003C/a> Sidney Verba, Kay Lehman Schlozman and Henry Brady, Voice and Equality: Civic Voluntarism in American Politics (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1995).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0e71\" id=\"0e71\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_ednref4\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_ednref4\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">[4]\u003C/a> Nam, “Suggesting frameworks of citizen-sourcing via Government 2.0,” 18.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f39c\" id=\"f39c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_ednref5\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_ednref5\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">[5]\u003C/a> John Wilkerson, David Smith and Nicholas Stramp, “Tracing the Flow of Policy Ideas in Legislatures: A Text Reuse Approach,” American Journal of Political Science 59:4 (January 2015): 943–956.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9553\" id=\"9553\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_ednref6\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_ednref6\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">[6]\u003C/a> “Initial Findings from Pará,” MIT Center for Civic Media, last modified May 2017, \u003Ca href=\"http://promisetracker.org/2017/05/23/initial-findings-from-para/.\" data-href=\"http://promisetracker.org/2017/05/23/initial-findings-from-para/.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://promisetracker.org/2017/05/23/initial-findings-from-para/.\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5fe2\" id=\"5fe2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_ednref7\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_ednref7\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">[7]\u003C/a> Janet Tappin Coelho, “Rio de Janeiro Citizens to Receive New App to Record Police Violence in City’s Favelas,” Independent, March 5 2016, \u003Ca href=\"http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/rio-de-janeiro-citizens-to-receive-new-app-to-record-police-violence-in-citys-favelas-a6914716.html\" data-href=\"http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/rio-de-janeiro-citizens-to-receive-new-app-to-record-police-violence-in-citys-favelas-a6914716.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/rio-de-janeiro-citizens-to-receive-new-app-to-record-police-violence-in-citys-favelas-a6914716.html\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3bbf\" id=\"3bbf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_ednref8\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_ednref8\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">[8]\u003C/a> Martina Björkman Nyqvist, Damien de Walque and Jakob Svensson, “The Power of Information in Community Monitoring,” J-PAL Policy Briefcase (2015). Available at: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.povertyactionlab.org/sites/default/files/publications/Community%20Monitoring_2.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.povertyactionlab.org/sites/default/files/publications/Community%20Monitoring_2.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.povertyactionlab.org/sites/default/files/publications/Community%20Monitoring_2.pdf\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8331\" id=\"8331\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_ednref9\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_ednref9\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">[9]\u003C/a> Dennis Linders, “From e-Government to We-Government: Defining a Typology for Citizen Coproduction in the Age of Social Media,” Government Information Quarterly 29:4 (October 2012): 446–454. Available at: \u003Ca href=\"http://www.academia.edu/27417288/From_e-government_to_we-government_Defining_a_typology_for_citizen_coproduction_in_the_age_of_social_media\" data-href=\"http://www.academia.edu/27417288/From_e-government_to_we-government_Defining_a_typology_for_citizen_coproduction_in_the_age_of_social_media\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.academia.edu/27417288/From_e-government_to_we-government_Defining_a_typology_for_citizen_coproduction_in_the_age_of_social_media\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"83e0\" id=\"83e0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_ednref10\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/legislature-2-0/#_ednref10\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">[10]\u003C/a> Tiago Piexoto and Jonathan Fox, “When Does ICT-Enabled Citizen Voice Lead to Government Responsiveness?” Institute of Development Studies Bulletin 41:1 (January 2016): 28. Available at: \u003Ca href=\"http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/835741452530215528/WDR16-BP-When-Does-ICT-Enabled-Citizen-Voice-Peixoto-Fox.pdf\" data-href=\"http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/835741452530215528/WDR16-BP-When-Does-ICT-Enabled-Citizen-Voice-Peixoto-Fox.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/835741452530215528/WDR16-BP-When-Does-ICT-Enabled-Citizen-Voice-Peixoto-Fox.pdf\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/legislature-20-crowdlaw-and-the-future-of-lawmaking",{"title":3146,"description":3149},"legislature-20-crowdlaw-and-the-future-of-lawmaking","blogposts/legislature-20-crowdlaw-and-the-future-of-lawmaking","0plb4m2nRUsnknpxw_K3OvlaWQvwRv46bL7uKvs1MuU",{"id":3159,"title":3160,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3161,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3148,"description":3162,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3160,"image":3150,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3163,"meta":3164,"navigation":15,"path":3165,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3166,"slug":3167,"startTime":34,"stem":3168,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3169},"blogposts/blogposts/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-crowdlaw.json","The GovLab Selected Readings on CrowdLaw",[],"Updated on February 13, 2019","\n\u003Csection name=\"9b6a\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"6b9f\" id=\"6b9f\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">The GovLab Selected Readings on CrowdLaw\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"1e25\" id=\"1e25\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--h4-em\">Updated on February 13, 2019\u003C/em>\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"2571\" id=\"2571\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*YjAoffICR9cCTouaFEbHOg.jpeg\" data-width=\"1920\" data-height=\"960\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*YjAoffICR9cCTouaFEbHOg.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"5b90\" id=\"5b90\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure\">Introduction\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"2cd3\" id=\"2cd3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">The public is beginning to demand — and governments are beginning to provide — new opportunities for the engagement of citizens on an ongoing basis as collaborators in public problem-solving rather than merely as voters. Nowhere is the explosion in citizen participation accelerating more than in the context of lawmaking, where legislators and regulators are turning to new technology to solicit both public opinion and know-how to improve the legitimacy and effectiveness of the legislative process.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fbd9\" id=\"fbd9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Such participatory lawmaking, known as \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/project-crowdlaw.html\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/project-crowdlaw.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">crowdlaw\u003C/a> (also, CrowdLaw), is a tech-enabled approach for the collaborative drafting of legislation, policies or constitutions between governments and citizens. CrowdLaw is an alternative to the traditional method of lawmaking, which is typically done by the political elite — politicians, bureaucrats, and staff — working in legislatures behind closed doors, with little input from the people affected. Instead, this new form of inclusive lawmaking opens the legislative function of government to a broader array of actors.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f4cd\" id=\"f4cd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">From Brazil to Iceland to Libya, there is an explosion in new collaborative lawmaking experiments. Despite the growing movement, the field of participatory lawmaking requires further research and experimentation. Given the traditionally deep distrust of groups expressed in the social psychology literature on groupthink, which condemns the presumed tendency of groups to drift to extreme positions, it is not self-evident that crowdlaw practices are better and should be institutionalized. Also, depending on its design, crowdlaw has the potential to accomplish different normative goals, which are often viewed as being at odds, including: improving democratic legitimacy by giving more people a voice in the process, or creating better quality legislation by introducing greater expertise. There is a need to study crowdlaw practices and assess their impact.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5835\" id=\"5835\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To complement our evolving theoretical and empirical research on and case studies of crowdlaw, we have compiled these selected readings on public engagement in lawmaking and policymaking. For reasons of space, we do not include readings on citizen engagement or crowdsourcing and open innovation generally (see \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-crowdsourcing-opinions-and-ideas/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-crowdsourcing-opinions-and-ideas/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">GovLab’s Selected Readings on Crowdsourcing Opinions and Ideas\u003C/a>) but focus, instead, on engagement in these specific institutional contexts.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cc19\" id=\"cc19\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We invite you to visit \u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Crowd.Law\u003C/a> for additional resources, as well as:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a9c9\" id=\"a9c9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-summary-of-recommendations-84694cc723ef\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-summary-of-recommendations-84694cc723ef\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw Design Recommendations\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5428\" id=\"5428\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://twitter.com/TheGovLab/lists/crowdlaw\" data-href=\"https://twitter.com/TheGovLab/lists/crowdlaw\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw Twitter List\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cfd0\" id=\"cfd0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">CrowLaw Unconferences:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"a80d\" id=\"a80d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/toward-more-inclusive-lawmaking-what-we-know-still-most-need-to-know-about-crowdlaw/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/toward-more-inclusive-lawmaking-what-we-know-still-most-need-to-know-about-crowdlaw/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Session 1: What We Know & Still Most Need to Know About CrowdLaw\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"dd89\" id=\"dd89\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/expanding-insights-crowdlaw-session-2-highlights-need-for-experimentation-collaboration/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/expanding-insights-crowdlaw-session-2-highlights-need-for-experimentation-collaboration/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Session 2: Need for Experimentation & Collaboration\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"548b\" id=\"548b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/crowdlaw-on-the-verge-of-disruptive-change-designing-to-scale-impact/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/crowdlaw-on-the-verge-of-disruptive-change-designing-to-scale-impact/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Session 3: On the Verge of Disruptive Change….Designing to Scale Impact\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch3 name=\"4e21\" id=\"4e21\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--li\">Annotated Readings\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"c4c8\" id=\"c4c8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Aitamurto, Tanja — \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7427532/\" data-href=\"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7427532/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Collective Intelligence in Law Reforms: When the Logic of the Crowds and the Logic of Policymaking Collide \u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">(Paper, 10 pages, 2016)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"ac24\" id=\"ac24\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">This paper explores the risks of crowdsourcing for policymaking and the challenges that arise as a result of a severe conflict between the logics of the crowds and the logics of policymaking. Furthermore, he highlights the differences between traditional policymaking, which is done by a small group of experts, and crowdsourced policymaking, which utilizes a large, anonymous crowd with mixed levels of expertise.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8346\" id=\"8346\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--li\">“By drawing on data from a crowdsourced law-making process in Finland, the paper shows how the logics of the crowds and policymaking collide in practice,” and thus how this conflict prevents governments from gathering valuable insights from the crowd’s input. Poblet then addresses how to resolve this conflict and further overcome these challenges.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"181c\" id=\"181c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Atlee, Tom — \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"http://www.tomatleeblog.com/?s=vTaiwan\" data-href=\"http://www.tomatleeblog.com/?s=vTaiwan\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">vTaiwan\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> (Blog series, 5 parts, 2018)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"85a0\" id=\"85a0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">In this five-part blog series, Atlee describes in detail Taiwan’s citizen engagement platform vTaiwan and his takeaways after several months of research.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d80b\" id=\"d80b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">In order to cover what he deems “an inspiring beginning of a potentially profound evolutionary shift in all aspects of our collective governance,” Atlee divides his findings into the following sections:\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"cedf\" id=\"cedf\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The first post includes a quick introduction and overview of the platform.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"bc16\" id=\"bc16\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The second delves deeper into its origins, process, and mechanics.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"28b8\" id=\"28b8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The third describes two real actions completed by vTaiwan and its associated g0v community.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2dc2\" id=\"2dc2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The fourth provides a long list of useful sources discovered by Atlee.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"495b\" id=\"495b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The fifth and final post offers a high-level examination of vTaiwan and makes comments to provide lessons for other governments.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"35ad\" id=\"35ad\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Capone, Gabriella and Beth Simone Noveck — \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">“CrowdLaw”: Online Public Participation in Lawmaking\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">, (Report, 71 pages, 2017)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"ede1\" id=\"ede1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Capone and Noveck provide recommendations for the thoughtful design of crowdlaw initiatives, a model legislative framework for institutionalizing legislative participation, and a summary of 25 citizen engagement case studies from around the world — all in an effort to acknowledge and promote best crowdlaw practices. The report, written to inform the public engagement strategy of the Autonomous Community of Madrid, can apply to crowdlaw initiatives across different contexts and jurisdictions.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"940d\" id=\"940d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">CrowdLaw advocates for engagement opportunities that go beyond citizens suggesting ideas, and inviting integration of participation throughout the legislative life-cycle — from agenda-setting to evaluation of implemented legislation. Additionally, Capone and Noveck highlight the importance of engaging with the recipient public institutions to ensure that participatory actions are useful and desired. Finally, they lay out a research and experimentation agenda for crowdlaw, noting that the increased data capture and sharing, as well as the creation of empirical standards for evaluating initiatives, are integral to the progress and promise of crowdlaw.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9482\" id=\"9482\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The 25 case studies are organized by a six-part taxonomy of: (1) the participatory task requested, (2) the methods employed by the process, (3) the stages of the legislative process, (4) the platforms used, from mobile to in-person meetings, (5) the institutionalization or degree of legal formalization of the initiative, and (6) the mechanisms and metrics for ongoing evaluation of the initiative\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"76c9\" id=\"76c9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Faria, Cristiano Ferri Soares de — \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"http://bd.camara.gov.br/bd/handle/bdcamara/12756\" data-href=\"http://bd.camara.gov.br/bd/handle/bdcamara/12756\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The open parliament in the age of the internet: can the people now collaborate with legislatures in lawmaking?\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> (Book, 352 pages, 2013)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"8f11\" id=\"8f11\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Faria explores the concept of participatory parliaments, and how participatory and deliberative democracy can complement existing systems of representative democracy. Currently the first and only full-length book surveying citizen engagement in lawmaking.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a9b5\" id=\"a9b5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">As the World Bank’s Tiago Peixoto writes: “This is a text that brings the reader into contact with the main theories and arguments relating to issues of transparency, participation, actors’ strategies, and processes of institutional and technological innovation. […] Cristiano Faria captures the state of the art in electronic democracy experiences in the legislative at the beginning of the 21st century.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"475e\" id=\"475e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Chapters 4 and 5, deep dive into two case studies: the Chilean Senate’s Virtual Senator project, and the Brazilian House of Representatives e-Democracy project.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"84db\" id=\"84db\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Johns, Melissa, and Valentina Saltane (World Bank Global Indicators Group) — \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/462571475068174273/Citizen-engagement-in-rulemaking-evidence-on-regulatory-practices-in-185-countries\" data-href=\"http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/462571475068174273/Citizen-engagement-in-rulemaking-evidence-on-regulatory-practices-in-185-countries\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Citizen Engagement in Rulemaking: Evidence on Regulatory Practices in 185 Countries\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> (Report, 45 pages, 2016)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"43f3\" id=\"43f3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">This report “presents a new database of indicators measuring the extent to which rulemaking processes are transparent and participatory across 185 countries. […] [It] presents a nses ew global data set on citizen engagement in rulemaking and provides detailed descriptive statistics for the indicators. The paper then provides preliminary analysis on how the level of citizen engagement correlates with other social and economic outcomes. To support this analysis, we developed a composite citizen engagement in rulemaking score around the publication of proposed regulations, consultation on their content and the use of regulatory impact assessments.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a291\" id=\"a291\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The authors outline the global landscape of regulatory processes and the extent to which citizens are kept privy to regulatory happenings and/or able to participate in them.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ff6f\" id=\"ff6f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Findings include that: “30 of the sampled economies regulators voluntarily publish proposed regulations despite having no formal requirement to do so” and that, “In 98 of the 185 countries surveyed for this paper, ministries and regulatory agencies do not conduct impact assessments of proposed regulations.” Also: “High-income countries tend to perform well on the citizen engagement in rulemaking score.”\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"fa10\" id=\"fa10\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Noveck, Beth Simone — \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://digitalcommons.nyls.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=1781&context=fac_articles_chapters\" data-href=\"https://digitalcommons.nyls.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=1781&context=fac_articles_chapters\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Electronic Revolution in Rulemaking\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> (Journal article, 90 pages, 2004)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"3342\" id=\"3342\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Noveck addresses the need for the design of effective practices, beyond the legal procedure that enables participation, in order to fully institutionalize the right to participate in e-rulemaking processes. At the time of writing, e-rulemaking practices failed to “do democracy,” which requires building a community of practice and taking advantage of enabling technology. The work, which focuses on public participation in informal rulemaking processes, explores “how the use of technology in rulemaking can promote more collaborative, less hierarchical, and more sustained forms of participation — in effect, myriad policy juries — where groups deliberate together.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"02fb\" id=\"02fb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Noveck looks to reorient on the improvement of participatory practices that exploit new technologies: a design-centered approach as opposed a critique the shortcomings of participation. Technology can be a critical tool in promoting meaningful, deliberative engagement among citizens and government. With this, participation is to be not a procedural right, but a set of technologically-enabled practices enabled by government.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"ca1f\" id=\"ca1f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Peña-López, Ismael — \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"http://itforchange.net/mavc/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Voice-or-Chatter_Case-Study_Spain_August-2017.pdf\" data-href=\"http://itforchange.net/mavc/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Voice-or-Chatter_Case-Study_Spain_August-2017.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">decidim.barcelona, Spain. Voice or chatter? Case studies \u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">(Report, 54 pages, 2017)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"b84e\" id=\"b84e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Peña-López analyzes the origins and impact of the opensource decidim.barcelona platform, a component of the city’s broader movement towards participatory democracy. The case is divided into “the institutionalization of the ethos of the 15M Spanish Indignados movement, the context building up to the decidim.barcelona initiative,” and then reviews “its design and philosophy […] in greater detail. […] In the final section, the results of the project are analyzed and the shifts of the initiative in meaning, norms and power, both from the government and the citizen end are discussed.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7913\" id=\"7913\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A main finding includes that “decidim.barcelona has increased the amount of information in the hands of the citizens, and gathered more citizens around key issues. There has been an increase in participation, with many citizen created proposals being widely supported, legitimated and accepted to be part of the municipality strategic plan. As pluralism has been enhanced without damaging the existing social capital, we can only think that the increase of participation has led to an improvement of democratic processes, especially in bolstering legitimacy around decision making.”\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"5ccc\" id=\"5ccc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Simon, Julie, Theo Bass, Victoria Boelman, and Geoff Mulgan (Nesta) — \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.nesta.org.uk/report/digital-democracy-the-tools-transforming-political-engagement/#sthash.z7YBQm2D.dpuf\" data-href=\"https://www.nesta.org.uk/report/digital-democracy-the-tools-transforming-political-engagement/#sthash.z7YBQm2D.dpuf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Digital Democracy: The Tools Transforming Political Engagement\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> (Report, 100 pages, 2017)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"7903\" id=\"7903\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Reviews the origins, implementation, and outcomes of 13 case studies representing the best in digital democracy practices that are consistently reviewed. The report then provides six key themes that underpin a “good digital democracy process.” Particularly instructive are the interviews with actors in each of the different projects, and their accounts of what contributed to their project’s successes or failures. The Nesta team also provides insightful analysis as to what contributed to the relative success or failure of the initiatives.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"24ca\" id=\"24ca\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Suteu, Silvia — \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"http://ogrx.org/papers/constitutional-conventions-in-the-digital-era-lessons-from-iceland-and-ireland.html\" data-href=\"http://ogrx.org/papers/constitutional-conventions-in-the-digital-era-lessons-from-iceland-and-ireland.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Constitutional Conventions in the Digital Era: Lessons from Iceland and Ireland\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> (Journal article, 26 pages, 2015)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"a8ec\" id=\"a8ec\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">This piece from the Boston College International & Comparative Law Review “assesses whether the novelty in the means used in modern constitution-making translates further into novelty at a more substantive level, namely, in the quality of the constitution-making process and legitimacy of the end product. Additionally, this Essay analyzes standards of direct democratic engagements, which adequately fit these new developments, with a focus on the cases of Iceland and Ireland.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5133\" id=\"5133\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">It provides four motivations for focusing on constitution-making processes:\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Col class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"934b\" id=\"934b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">legitimacy: a good process can create a model for future political interactions,\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9933\" id=\"9933\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">the correlation between participatory constitution-making and the increased availability of popular involvement mechanisms,\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8878\" id=\"8878\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">the breadth of participation is a key factor to ensuring constitutional survival, and\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a90c\" id=\"a90c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">democratic renewal.\u003C/li>\u003C/ol>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"e941\" id=\"e941\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Suteu traces the Icelandic and Irish processes of crowdsourcing their constitutions, the former being known as the first crowdsourced constitution, and the latter being known for its civil society-led We the Citizens initiative which spurred a constitutional convention and the adoption of a citizen assembly in the process.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"e273\" id=\"e273\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Bernal, Carlos — \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://pos.direito.ufmg.br/rbep/index.php/rbep/article/download/571/452\" data-href=\"https://pos.direito.ufmg.br/rbep/index.php/rbep/article/download/571/452\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">How Constitutional Crowd-drafting can enhance Legitimacy in Constitution-Making\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> (Paper, 27 pages, 2018)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"d3d7\" id=\"d3d7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Bernal examines the use of online engagement for facilitating citizen participation in constitutional drafting, a process he dubs “Crowddrafting.” Highlighting examples from places such as Kenya, Iceland, and Egypt, he lays out the details the process including key players, methods, actions, and tools.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"dc2b\" id=\"dc2b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Bernal poses three stages where citizens can participate in constitutional crowddrafting: foundational, deliberation, and pre-ratification. Citing more examples, he concisely explains how each process works and states their expected outcomes. Although he acknowledges the challenges that it may face, Bernal concludes by proposing that “constitutional crowddrafting is a strategy for strengthening the democratic legitimacy of constitution-making processes by enabling inclusive mechanisms of popular participation of individuals and groups in deliberations, expression of preferences, and decisions related to the content of the constitution.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7c58\" id=\"7c58\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">He suggests that crowddrafting can increase autonomy, transparency, and equality, and can engage groups or individuals that are often left out of deliberative processes. While it may create potential risks, Bernal explains how to mitigate those risks and achieve the full power of enhanced legitimacy from constitutional crowddrafting.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"e33a\" id=\"e33a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Finnbogadóttir, Vigdís & Gylfason,Thorvaldur — \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.forlagid.is/vara/the-new-icelandic-constitution/\" data-href=\"https://www.forlagid.is/vara/the-new-icelandic-constitution/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The New Icelandic Constitution: How did it come about? Where is it?\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> (Book, 2016)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"45ba\" id=\"45ba\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">This book, co-authored by a former President of Iceland (also the world’s first democratically directly elected female president) tells the story the crowdsourced Icelandic constitution as a powerful example of participatory democracy.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ad52\" id=\"ad52\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--li\">“In 2010 a nationally elected Constitutional Council met, and four months later a draft constitution was born. On the 20th. of October 2012, The People of Iceland voted to tell their Parliament to ratify it as its new constitution.” Four years later, the book discusses the current state of the Icelandic constitution and explores whether Parliament is respecting the will of the people.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"8104\" id=\"8104\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Mitozo, Isabele & Marques, Francisco Paulo Jamil — \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/poi3.196\" data-href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/poi3.196\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Context Matters! Looking Beyond Platform Structure to Understand Citizen Deliberation on Brazil’s Portal e‐Democracia\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> (Article, 21 pages, 2019)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"a470\" id=\"a470\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">This article analyzes the Portal e‐Democracia participatory platform, sponsored by the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies. Since 2009, the online initiative has provided different opportunities for legislators to engage with constituents and representatives through various methods such as surveys, forums, and collaborative wiki tools. Hence, the article examines the participatory behavior of Brazilian citizens during four particular forums hosted on Portal e-Democracia.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4a04\" id=\"4a04\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The researchers confirmed their hypothesis (i.e., that debates with diverse characteristics can develop even under the same design structures) and also drew several additional conclusions, suggesting that the issue at stake and sociopolitical context of the issue might be more important to characterizing the debate than the structure is.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"a345\" id=\"a345\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Alsina, Victòria and Luis Martí, José — \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"http://www.analyse-und-kritik.net/Dateien/5be9b068e75b1_alsina_marti.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.analyse-und-kritik.net/Dateien/5be9b068e75b1_alsina_marti.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Birth of the CrowdLaw Movement: Tech-Based Citizen Participation, Legitimacy and the Quality of Lawmaking\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"9914\" id=\"9914\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">This paper introduces the idea of CrowdLaw followed by a deep dive into its roots, true meaning, and the inspiration behind its launch.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d3a2\" id=\"d3a2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The authors first distinguish CrowdLaw from other forms of political participation, setting the movement apart from others. They then restate and explain the CrowdLaw Manifesto, a set 12 collaboratively-written principles intended to booster the design, implementation and evaluation of new tech-enabled practices of public engagement in law and policymaking. Finally, the authors conclude by emphasizing the importance of certain qualities that are inherent to the concept of CrowdLaw.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"5e07\" id=\"5e07\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Beth Simone Noveck — \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"http://www.analyse-und-kritik.net/Dateien/5be9b083bc696_noveck.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.analyse-und-kritik.net/Dateien/5be9b083bc696_noveck.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Crowdlaw: Collective Intelligence and Lawmaking\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"b625\" id=\"b625\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">In this essay, Noveck provides an all-encompassing and detailed description of the CrowdLaw concept. After establishing the value proposition for CrowdLaw methods, Noveck explores good practices for incorporating them into each stage of the law and policymaking process\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d10b\" id=\"d10b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li graf--trailing\">Using illustrative examples of successful cases from around the world, Noveck affirms why CrowdLaw should become more widely adopted by highlighting its potential, while simultaneously suggesting how to implement CrowdLaw processes for interested institutions\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-crowdlaw",{"title":3160,"description":3162},"the-govlab-selected-readings-on-crowdlaw","blogposts/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-crowdlaw","ZL1omNbWlsiUU7r94WtDE9BzUeXl3UCrddwDvm1Aep4",{"id":3171,"title":3172,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3173,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3174,"description":3175,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3172,"image":3150,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3176,"meta":3177,"navigation":15,"path":3178,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3179,"slug":3180,"startTime":34,"stem":3181,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3182},"blogposts/blogposts/6-25-casos-de-participacion-ciudadana-global.json","6. 25 CASOS DE PARTICIPACION CIUDADANA GLOBAL",[],"2017-10-16T18:59:25","Esta sección resume los resultados del análisis de 25 ejemplos de participación pública en el proceso legislativo utilizando una taxonomía…","\n\u003Csection name=\"390e\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"42dd\" id=\"42dd\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*YjAoffICR9cCTouaFEbHOg.jpeg\" data-width=\"1920\" data-height=\"960\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*YjAoffICR9cCTouaFEbHOg.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"a454\" id=\"a454\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">6. CROWDLAW | \u003C/strong>25 CASOS DE PARTICIPACIÓN CIUDADANA GLOBAL\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"6dfa\" id=\"6dfa\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--h4-em\">Esta sección resume los resultados del análisis de 25 ejemplos de participación pública en el proceso legislativo utilizando una taxonomía original. Una taxonomía ampliada se presenta en la sección final (Agenda de investigación). Descripciones detalladas de cada caso se encuentran en el \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1O78APjyL2wArEUgsZLYjnDnbWY23eh7NNjiVfLBvXZU/edit?usp=sharing\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1O78APjyL2wArEUgsZLYjnDnbWY23eh7NNjiVfLBvXZU/edit?usp=sharing\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--h4-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--h4-em\">Apéndice I\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--h4-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"6579\" id=\"6579\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Este es un borrador del informe (de fecha 12 de octubre de 2017) y se actualizará en noviembre.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dc62\" id=\"dc62\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Para identificar los casos relevantes de crowdlaw en acción, solicitamos consejo de Podemos para los casos que habían revisado al desarrollar su borrador de ley, así como de nuestro equipo de asesores. Además, recurrimos a las bases de conocimiento ya existentes, entre ellas \u003Ca href=\"https://www.opengovpartnership.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.opengovpartnership.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Open Government Partnership\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"http://participedia.net/\" data-href=\"http://participedia.net/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Participedia\u003C/em>\u003C/a> y el blog \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">GovLab\u003C/em>\u003C/a>. Revisamos docenas de casos de todo el planeta y seleccionamos 25 para un análisis a fondo (Figura 9). Los datos agregados de estos casos se ofrecen en esta sección, con resúmenes extensos de los casos individuales en el \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Apéndice I\u003C/em>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"f18a\" id=\"f18a\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*UBEnwWUZI9zsyA1eHHEf0g.png\" data-width=\"2055\" data-height=\"1080\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*UBEnwWUZI9zsyA1eHHEf0g.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Figura 1: Mapa de los 25 casos estudiados, que se extienden por 5 continentes y 21 países\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"724a\" id=\"724a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Estos casos han sido elegidos para proporcionar una visión diversa de las prácticas de crowdlaw en diferentes niveles de gobierno, incluyendo modelos municipales, regionales o provinciales y nacionales. También pretendemos presentar iniciativas en las que se pedía al público que participase por vías diferentes que van desde el comentario a la redacción. Finalmente, hemos incluido ejemplos de participación que ofrecen lecciones instructivas para el crowdlaw, aunque no se puedan definir como crowdlaw.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"328e\" id=\"328e\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Un resumen taxonómico\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"348f\" id=\"348f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">A lo largo de nuestra investigación hemos documentado rasgos destacados de las iniciativas de crowdlaw y los hemos catalogado y comparado basándonos en seis factores. (En la sección final, describimos una taxonomía multifactorial ampliada para una investigación que profundice más en el futuro):\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"9682\" id=\"9682\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*KJa0E3lqyhFvUtIzx42IMw.png\" data-width=\"1002\" data-height=\"714\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*KJa0E3lqyhFvUtIzx42IMw.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Figura 2: Criterios principales usados para valorar y catalogar las iniciativas de participación ciudadana\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"ba4e\" id=\"ba4e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Nos hemos esforzado en comentar el éxito y los retos de cada modelo basándonos en la información disponible. Estos descubrimientos agregados representan la base de nuestras recomendaciones en la Sección 2. Presentamos la información organizada sobre los 25 casos estudiados en el \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1O78APjyL2wArEUgsZLYjnDnbWY23eh7NNjiVfLBvXZU/edit?usp=sharing\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1O78APjyL2wArEUgsZLYjnDnbWY23eh7NNjiVfLBvXZU/edit?usp=sharing\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Apéndice I: Casos estudiados\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, así como en el \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1Eaw3-rpi8wyANCKvM37F4SqOGF3TSUyTmqkY1ky31h0/edit#gid=0\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1Eaw3-rpi8wyANCKvM37F4SqOGF3TSUyTmqkY1ky31h0/edit#gid=0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Case Study Repository\u003C/em>\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"084e\" id=\"084e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Estamos añadiendo continuamente casos y actualizando la información sobre los casos actuales e invitamos a aportar ampliaciones, sugerencias y correcciones a estos recursos.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"da08\" id=\"da08\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A medida que las iniciativas de crowdlaw proliferan y se diferencian, esperamos que esté disponible un abanico más amplio de ejemplos para cada fase del proceso legislativo. Pero por ahora, las actividades en nuestros 25 casos se distribuyen como sigue:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2c41\" id=\"2c41\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">1. Tarea: 23 de los 25 casos solicitaron ideas o propuestas de los participantes. Seis pidieron pruebas o experiencias de una u otra forma. Siete plataformas permitían redactar un texto legislativo y solo un proceso proporcionaba una acción específica que pudiera realizar el público más allá de redactar un borrador.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c444\" id=\"c444\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">2. Métodos: 18 casos presentaban consultas dirigidas, en el sentido que el gobierno estructuraba la oportunidad de crowdsourcing (por ejemplo, para un objetivo específico de gobierno, como trabajar en una consulta patrocinada por un representante o buscando aportaciones para una constitución) o centraban el llamamiento de manera temática o en cuanto al enfoque. Nueve plataformas presentaban una capacidad de «llamamiento abierto» en la que las aportaciones de los participantes no respondían a una petición específica de la plataforma, y 12 plataformas tenían foros de discusión estándar.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e7a8\" id=\"e7a8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">3. Fases: La mayoría de los casos cubrían las fases de \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">propuesta\u003C/em> (19) y \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">comentario\u003C/em> (18), mientras que eran relativamente menores los ejemplos de implicación ciudadana en las fases de \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">implantación\u003C/em> y \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">evaluación\u003C/em>. Ejemplos de participación en la fase de \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">evaluación\u003C/em> se centraban más en valorar los resultados que en evaluar el impacto y la efectividad de la ley implementada.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"04a2\" id=\"04a2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">4. Plataforma: 21 eran páginas web, 2 eran aplicaciones móviles y 10 proporcionaban algún tipo de participación offline.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6db7\" id=\"6db7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">5. Marco legal: 6 casos tenían una ley formalmente asociada al proceso.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b99f\" id=\"b99f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">6. Evaluación: No hemos encontrado ninguna práctica institucionalizada para valorar la calidad o el impacto de las leyes desarrolladas con crowdlaw en contraste con las desarrolladas sin participación pública.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"40f4\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"0f1d\" id=\"0f1d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Lea las siguientes publicaciones de esta serie:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f099\" id=\"f099\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">#7\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/6-una-agenda-para-la-investigaci%C3%B3n-y-la-experimentaci%C3%B3n-264f938f6b22?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----0----------------\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/6-una-agenda-para-la-investigaci%C3%B3n-y-la-experimentaci%C3%B3n-264f938f6b22?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----0----------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">. CROWDLAW | UNA AGENDA PARA LA INVESTIGACIÓN Y LA EXPERIMENTACIÓN\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d786\" id=\"d786\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-about-acknowledgements-4909a5463721\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-about-acknowledgements-4909a5463721\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CROWDLAW | ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2dd7\" id=\"2dd7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">O vaya a la primera publicacion y encuentre la \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">tabla de contenidos\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/6-25-casos-de-participacion-ciudadana-global",{"title":3172,"description":3175},"6-25-casos-de-participacion-ciudadana-global","blogposts/6-25-casos-de-participacion-ciudadana-global","qH7bT0Dnf_JPuvcyo_MqxpGdYyhsHIZhd2OmuZYAPlE",{"id":3184,"title":3185,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3186,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3187,"description":3188,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3185,"image":3150,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3189,"meta":3190,"navigation":15,"path":3191,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3192,"slug":3193,"startTime":34,"stem":3194,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3195},"blogposts/blogposts/5-por-que-la-participacion-publica-objetivos-normativos.json","5. POR QUE LA PARTICIPACION PUBLICA? OBJETIVOS NORMATIVOS",[],"2017-10-16T18:45:28","Esta sección explica la variedad de proposiciones valiosas para la participación pública y las conecta con sus orígenes en diversas…","\n\u003Csection name=\"d97a\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"a605\" id=\"a605\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*YjAoffICR9cCTouaFEbHOg.jpeg\" data-width=\"1920\" data-height=\"960\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*YjAoffICR9cCTouaFEbHOg.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"5c20\" id=\"5c20\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">5. CROWDLAW | ¿POR QUÉ LA PARTICIPACIÓN PÚBLICA? OBJETIVOS NORMATIVOS\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"fc09\" id=\"fc09\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--h4-em\">Esta sección explica la variedad de proposiciones valiosas para la participación pública y las conecta con sus orígenes en diversas tendencias de la teoría política.\u003C/em>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"64f5\" id=\"64f5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Este es un borrador del informe (de fecha 12 de octubre de 2017) y se actualizará en noviembre.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fadb\" id=\"fadb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Aunque este informe se ocupa principalmente de la mejor manera de implantar el crowdlaw, como una cuestión previa resulta importante definir \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">por qué\u003C/em> es importante conseguir la participación pública. Aunque el gobierno de, por y para el pueblo puede parecer algo evidente, en realidad existen múltiples razones para impulsar la participación. Un objetivo claro es que se trata de una condición previa para diseñar el proceso y la plataforma para conseguirlo.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bfa0\" id=\"bfa0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Una revisión completa de la enorme bibliografía académica sobre la participación queda fuera del alcance de este informe, pero aun así vale la pena analizar brevemente las teorías dominantes que fundamentan y justifican la participación pública. Específicamente, identificamos cuatro escuelas de pensamiento sobre los beneficios potenciales de la participación pública. Las tres primeras son las que se citan con mayor frecuencia y han dado lugar a las plataformas y los procesos diseñados para optimizar la deliberación. Esencial para nuestro argumento es que las prácticas de crowdlaw deben aumentar la \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">calidad de la legislación\u003C/em>, si se las quiere usar y adoptar eficientemente a cierta escala. Así, el cuarto aspecto, como veremos, es seguramente el más importante.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"f940\" id=\"f940\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Mejorar la alfabetización cívica y la legitimidad democrática al dar voz a más personas en el proceso,\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8b1a\" id=\"8b1a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Fortalecer el capital social y la cohesión social, y reducir el partidismo,\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"12ab\" id=\"12ab\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Mejorar la responsabilidad democrática al hacer que el gobierno sea más transparente,\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"88b5\" id=\"88b5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Y, generar un gobierno más efectivo al introducir en la manera de gobernar ideas y análisis más diversos de una audiencia amplia.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"a326\" id=\"a326\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">1. Mejorar la formación cívica¹\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"04bd\" id=\"04bd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">La legitimidad democrática descansa en la idea que los ciudadanos que se ven sometidos a las consecuencias de una decisión política las consideran justificadas. Por ello la percepción pública de la legitimidad de las instituciones gubernamentales depende, hasta cierto punto, de la creencia en que dichas instituciones actúan por el bien común y no satisfacen indebidamente los intereses de las élites políticas o de un segmento de la sociedad, garantizando que la toma de decisiones resulta transparente y ofreciendo una igualdad de oportunidades al público para que se oiga su voz y aumente la percepción de legitimidad del gobierno.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"29cd\" id=\"29cd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Así, el objetivo de la participación no es directamente un cambio en el resultado final de la decisión, sino más bien crear — a través de la promoción del discurso público — una oportunidad para la formación y la concreción de la opinión pública. El más conocido de los teóricos y \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">practitioners\u003C/em> de este estilo \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">habermasiano\u003C/em> de democracia deliberativa, el profesor de Stanford James Fishkin, plantea que el debate puede asegurar al público general que las acciones políticas son el reflejo de la voluntad política del pueblo. Fishkin comprobó su hipótesis a través «votaciones deliberativas», un proceso que combina los atributos de la votación y del debate «al exponer a un conjunto [de personas] elegido al azar una información equilibrada, animándoles a que valorasen los argumentos opuestos que estaban en discusión con interlocutores heterogéneos, y después recoger sus opiniones más meditadas».² Su diseño y análisis de múltiples experimentos de votación deliberativa descubrió que los participantes no solo cambiaron de opinión como resultado de participar en el proceso de debate, sino que también cambiaron las bases de sus opiniones con «criterios más deseables desde el punto de vista normativo». De manera parecida, el análisis de John Gastil de los participantes en el \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">National Issues Forum\u003C/em>, otro método de debate practicado desde principios de la década de 1980, mostró que los que asistieron al programa lo terminaron con puntos de vista más complejos y coherentes sobre los temas a debate. Amy Gutmann y Dennis Thompson, a su vez, afirman que este aumento de conocimientos sobre temas importantes fortalece la fe y la percepción de legitimidad de las instituciones políticas porque los ciudadanos consideran que pueden comprender y contribuir a la toma de decisiones políticas complejas. Jürgen Habermas afirma que la democracia deliberativa y una «sociedad civil enérgica» pueden devolver la «esfera pública» a su situación anterior como foro para un diálogo significativo entre los ciudadanos, aumentando el flujo de información en un proceso político que en la actualidad está dominado por los medios de comunicación.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"5465\" id=\"5465\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">2. Fortalecer el tejido social\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"02f9\" id=\"02f9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Una segunda escuela de pensamiento relacionada con la anterior identifica el papel que juega la participación pública en la vida cívica y comunitaria además de en el proceso político. El análisis de Robert Putnam del «capital social» — «entendido en sentido amplio como las relaciones comunitarias que afectan a las interacciones personales»³ — ha mostrado que esta participación contribuye positivamente a una serie de fines sociales, entre ellos la salud pública y la seguridad, la asistencia a la escuela, el aumento de la riqueza y, por supuesto, la confianza en las instituciones gubernamentales. Así, en las comunidades con un capital social bajo, la introducción de nuevas oportunidades de debate puede fortalecer unos lazos comunitarios débiles, lo que representa una perspectiva atractiva en comunidades desestructuradas a causa del partidismo o la división de clases. Finalmente, Clare Chambers de Cambridge afirma que el debate puede disminuir las tendencias disgregadoras dentro de una comunidad y fortalecer un sentimiento de interdependencia. De esta manera el acto de debatir puede infundir una sensación de familiaridad y reforzar los lazos sociales en el seno de una comunidad, un resultado que tiene efectos positivos tanto en la vida comunitaria como en el proceso político. El debate digital, en mayor medida que el debate offline, produce y difunde con rapidez datos sobre las preferencias de los ciudadanos, con frecuencia en tiempo real.⁴\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"092d\" id=\"092d\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">3. Conseguir que el gobierno sea más responsable\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"7de5\" id=\"7de5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">La participación juega también un papel vital en exigir la responsabilidad de los gobiernos, porque la transparencia necesaria para facilitar la participación del público, en teoría, reduce el riesgo de engaños y acuerdos bajo mano. Tradicionalmente, el periodismo de investigación ha servido como este «instrumento de responsabilidad institucional, un medio para conseguir que los gobernantes se ciñan… a los ideales y a las reglas de la política democrática».⁵ Los grupos de control del gobierno también juegan un papel vital en simplificar la información más compleja para otras organizaciones periodísticas y de la sociedad civil. Estos controladores, a los que Walter Lipmann se refiere como «observatorios políticos», pueden existir tanto dentro como fuera del gobierno, y comprometerse con el público a través del «patrocinio de investigaciones, el seguimiento de la actividad gubernamental y, como organizaciones no partidistas o de defensa de temas concretos, generando información sobre el mundo político que esté a disposición de los periodistas y directamente de los ciudadanos».⁶\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5114\" id=\"5114\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Pero el crowdlaw, al implicar al público de una manera mucho más directa en el proceso legislativo, permite aumentar la transparencia, lo que a su vez fortalece la responsabilidad. Michael Schudson afirma que «mientras la información esté a disposición del público, los actores políticos se tienen que comportar como si alguien del público les estuviera prestando atención».⁷ Los esfuerzos de participación pública que implican el acceso a información gubernamental, así como las organizaciones que propician que dicha información esté disponible, pueden promover un aumento de la responsabilidad por parte del gobierno.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"1052\" id=\"1052\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">4. Mejorar la gobernanza\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"c766\" id=\"c766\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Una cuarta escuela de pensamiento se centra en el impacto potencial que las nuevas formas de participación cívica pueden tener en el resultado de la gobernanza. Beth Simone Noveck ha escrito extensamente sobre las maneras de usar la participación pública para mejorar el resultado de las políticas, así como de la acción gubernamental, con un interés especial en el papel que puede jugar la tecnología en generar e incrementar la participación cívica.⁸ El llamamiento de Novacek a una «democracia colaborativa» va más allá del interés en el discurso de los teóricos del debate. En su lugar, la democracia colaborativa implica depositar al menos parte o la totalidad de la autoridad para tomar las decisiones y aplicarlas en manos de los ciudadanos participantes: en lugar de limitar a un simple debate la implicación de los ciudadanos, se les deberá dar la oportunidad de colaborar en el diseño y la elaboración de las soluciones reales para problemas importantes. Este modelo colaborativo permite a los gobiernos captar directamente el conocimiento experto colectivo de la población en el desarrollo de soluciones nuevas y creativas, en lugar de presentarle a los ciudadanos una selección limitada de alternativas. Se trata de una teoría que hunde sus raíces en la creencia que la participación no es simplemente un proceso más legítimo, sino que bien diseñada debería propiciar políticas de alta calidad y servicios mejor diseñados.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"bcaf\" id=\"bcaf\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">De la teoría a la práctica\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"02d6\" id=\"02d6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Vale la pena recalcar que hasta la fecha la mayoría, por no decir todas, las plataformas de participación han sido diseñadas para mejorar la legitimidad democrática a través del debate en lugar de mejorar los resultados de la gobernanza.\u003C/strong> Por eso muchos de estos sistemas de democracia digital «han heredado» los retos y las consideraciones de la participación pública offline, es decir, mal diseño, sesgo partidista y, sobre todo, irrelevancia para la gobernanza.⁹ En un círculo vicioso, plataformas diseñadas para el debate, pero no necesariamente para mejorar la gobernanza, acaban teniendo muy poco impacto en las decisiones o las acciones de las instituciones, disminuyendo la relevancia de la participación y reduciendo el incentivo para participar tanto por parte de los individuos como de las instituciones.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"073e\" id=\"073e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">En su meta-investigación, Dennis Friess y Christiane Eilders señalan que la mayoría de las investigaciones sobre la participación online se centra en los efectos sobre los individuos del diseño específico de las plataformas (por ejemplo, cómo el diseño afecta al proceso de participación: diseño-proceso).¹⁰ También afirman que existen relativamente pocos estudios que analicen «cómo el proceso de debate condiciona el resultado del debate (proceso-resultados)», y aún menos que analicen todos los aspectos de la participación digital (por ejemplo, desde la entrada de información, pasando por el debate, hasta la generación de resultados: diseño-proceso-resultados).¹¹ Haciéndose eco de Friess y Eilders, Tiago Peixoto y Jonathan Fox señalan que «aunque los medios cubren con un entusiasmo creciente las plataformas de participación facilitadas por las TIC, la investigación por parte de las ciencias sociales sobre las dinámicas y el impacto de estas iniciativas ha quedado muy atrasada, y las pruebas limitadas que tenemos en la actualidad no permiten un optimismo desmesurado».¹² Afirman que las pocas investigaciones disponibles se han centrado en analizar las aportaciones ciudadanas en la legislación resultante, así que no existen pruebas si estos sistemas online han tenido alcance, más allá de su capacidad para reforzar la transparencia gubernamental.¹³\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2a07\" id=\"2a07\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Dicho todo esto, la participación online tiene muchos aspectos positivos que se pueden reforzar con un diseño mejorado y una mayor integración en las prácticas políticas y gubernativas. Capell, Price y Nir plantean, por ejemplo, «que la participación en los debates online puede generar un repertorio más amplio de argumentos, incluida una mayor conciencia de las razones que existen detrás de las visiones enfrentadas».¹⁴ Además, Davies \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">et al.\u003C/em> destacan los beneficios de la «comunicación asincrónica», que ofrece a los participantes la oportunidad de contribuir al debate en el momento que más les convenga, de manera que se reducen las barreras de entrada y se promueve un diálogo más inclusivo y diverso.¹⁵ Janssen y Kies presentan más argumentos a favor de una comunicación asincrónica como un proceso que permite contribuciones más meditadas (frente a la comunicación instantánea a través del chat, donde es mucho más fácil que fracase la conversación).¹⁶ La participación pública a través de las TIC «reduce el coste de la participación al utilizar tecnología existente, limitando la necesidad de estar presentes en momentos determinados (o) incurrir en costes de localización tanto para los ciudadanos como para la administración».¹⁷\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a687\" id=\"a687\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A medida que nos trasladamos de la teoría a la práctica, nuestras recomendaciones para el marco legal y el diseño de plataformas pretenden aumentar explícitamente el uso de la participación pública para mejorar la gobernanza como un objetivo primario. Reconociendo que otros pueden tener en mente objetivos diferentes o pueden no confiar en que la participación generalizada sea capaz de mejorar los resultados, recomendamos la discusión y el debate público sobre los objetivos de la participación y las particularidades que se presentan cuando se realiza un diseño para uno u otro objetivo.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"88ea\" id=\"88ea\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">En la bibliografía en el \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Apéndice V\u003C/em> se pueden consultar recursos adicionales sobre la teoría y la práctica de la participación. La bibliografía se centra en la participación en el proceso legislativo e incluye también algunos recursos generales.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"571c\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"7018\" id=\"7018\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Lea las siguientes publicaciones de esta serie:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1642\" id=\"1642\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">#6\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/5-25-casos-de-participaci%C3%B3n-ciudadana-global-6bb840ac9c1?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----1----------------\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/5-25-casos-de-participaci%C3%B3n-ciudadana-global-6bb840ac9c1?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----1----------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">. CROWDLAW | 25 CASOS DE PARTICIPACIÓN CIUDADANA GLOBAL\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5f82\" id=\"5f82\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">#7\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/6-una-agenda-para-la-investigaci%C3%B3n-y-la-experimentaci%C3%B3n-264f938f6b22?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----0----------------\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/6-una-agenda-para-la-investigaci%C3%B3n-y-la-experimentaci%C3%B3n-264f938f6b22?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----0----------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">. CROWDLAW | UNA AGENDA PARA LA INVESTIGACIÓN Y LA EXPERIMENTACIÓN\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9d59\" id=\"9d59\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-about-acknowledgements-4909a5463721\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-about-acknowledgements-4909a5463721\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CROWDLAW | ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"14f1\" id=\"14f1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">O vaya a la primera publicacion y encuentre la \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">tabla de contenidos\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"992e\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"f455\" id=\"f455\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading\">Footnotes:\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"7be1\" id=\"7be1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">¹ Jürg Steiner, «The Foundations of Deliberative Democracy: Empirical Research and Normative Implications» (Cambridge University Press, 2012).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ae68\" id=\"ae68\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">² Fishkin y Luskin, «Experimenting with A Democratic Ideal: Deliberative Polling and Public Opinion» (Acta Politica, 2005): 287.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"349f\" id=\"349f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">³ Steven N. Durlauf, «Chapter 26 — Social Capital», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Handbook of Economic Growth\u003C/em>, 1:B (2005): 1639.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1637\" id=\"1637\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁴ «Evaluating Digital Citizen Engagement: A Practical Guide», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">World Bank, \u003C/em>febrero de 2016, consultado el 9 de mayo de 2017, 22, disponible en \u003Ca href=\"https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/23752.\" data-href=\"https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/23752.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/23752\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dea8\" id=\"dea8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁵ James Ettema, «Journalism as Reason-Giving: Deliberative Democracy, Institutional Accountability, and the News Media’s Mission», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Political Communication\u003C/em> 24, no. 2 (2007): 144.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4d41\" id=\"4d41\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁶ Michael Schudson, «Political observatories, databases & news in the emerging ecology of public information», Deadalus (Primavera de 2010): 100–109.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ebf6\" id=\"ebf6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁷ Michael Schudson, «The Power of News» (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1995): 25.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d030\" id=\"d030\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁸ Beth Simone Noveck, «Wiki Government: How Technology Can Make Government Better, Democracy Stronger, and Citizens More Powerful» (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2009).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6ba4\" id=\"6ba4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁹ «Evaluating Digital Citizen Engagement», 23.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d6fa\" id=\"d6fa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹⁰ Dennis Friess and Christiane Eilders, «A Systematic Review of Online Deliberation Research», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Policy and Internet\u003C/em> 7, no. 3 (2015): 319, DOI: 10.1002/po3.95.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ab72\" id=\"ab72\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹¹ Friess and Eilders, «A Systematic Review of Online Deliberation Research», 319.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0267\" id=\"0267\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹² Tiago Peixoto and Jonathan Fox, «When Does ICT-Enabled Citizen Voice Lead to Government Responsiveness», (Background Paper: Digital Dividends, World Development Report, 2016), 4, disponible en \u003Ca href=\"http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/835741452530215528/WDR16-BP-When-Does-ICT-Enabled-Citizen-Voice-Peixoto-Fox.pdf.\" data-href=\"http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/835741452530215528/WDR16-BP-When-Does-ICT-Enabled-Citizen-Voice-Peixoto-Fox.pdf.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/835741452530215528/WDR16-BP-When-Does-ICT-Enabled-Citizen-Voice-Peixoto-Fox.pdf\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"422b\" id=\"422b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹³ Peixoto and Fox, «When Does ICT-Enabled Citizen Voice Lead to Government Responsiveness», 5.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4408\" id=\"4408\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹⁴ Ibid., 332.; Joseph N. Cappella, Vincent Price, and Lilach Nir, «Argument Repertoire as a Reliable and Valid Measure of Opinion Quality: Electronic Dialogue During Campaign 2000», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Political Communication\u003C/em> 19, no. 1 (2002), DOI: 10.1080/105846002317246498.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"619e\" id=\"619e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹⁵ Friess and Eilders, «A Systematic Review of Online Deliberation Research», 325; Todd Davies, Brendan O’Connor, Alex Cochran, Jonathan J. Effrat, Andrew Parker, Benjamin Newman, and Aaron Tam, «An Online Environment for Democratic Deliberation: Motivation, Principles, and Design», en \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Online Deliberation: Design, Research and Practice\u003C/em>, ed. por Todd Davies y Seeta Pena Gangadharan (CSLI Publications/University of Chicago Press: 2009), disponible en \u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/1302.3912.\" data-href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/1302.3912.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://arxiv.org/abs/1302.3912\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"48b5\" id=\"48b5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹⁶ Friess y Eilders, 319; Davy Janssen y Raphael Kies, «Online Forums and Deliberative Democracy», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Acta Politica\u003C/em> 40, no. 3 (2005), DOI: 10.1057/palgrave.ap.5500115.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4701\" id=\"4701\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">¹⁷ «Evaluating Digital Citizen Engagement», 22.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/5-por-que-la-participacion-publica-objetivos-normativos",{"title":3185,"description":3188},"5-por-que-la-participacion-publica-objetivos-normativos","blogposts/5-por-que-la-participacion-publica-objetivos-normativos","U3aFNUgPkHHJAtmD5D-RB93G0ZSOFcb22sw_Rag0Pco",{"id":3197,"title":3198,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3199,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3200,"description":3201,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3198,"image":3150,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3202,"meta":3203,"navigation":15,"path":3204,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3205,"slug":3206,"startTime":34,"stem":3207,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3208},"blogposts/blogposts/3-resumen-de-recomendaciones.json","3. RESUMEN DE RECOMENDACIONES",[],"2017-10-16T16:44:37","En esta sección resumimos las diez recomendaciones para el diseño razonado de iniciativas de crowdlaw organizadas alrededor de: clarificar…","\n\u003Csection name=\"9e4d\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"5fd1\" id=\"5fd1\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*YjAoffICR9cCTouaFEbHOg.jpeg\" data-width=\"1920\" data-height=\"960\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*YjAoffICR9cCTouaFEbHOg.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"f483\" id=\"f483\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">3. CROWDLAW | RESUMEN DE RECOMENDACIONES: DISEÑAR LOS PROCESOS DE CROWDLAW PARA MEJORAR LA LEGITIMIDAD Y LA EFECTIVIDAD\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"7e96\" id=\"7e96\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--h4-em\">En esta sección resumimos las diez recomendaciones para el diseño razonado de iniciativas de crowdlaw organizadas alrededor de: clarificar la demanda de participación, aumentar el número de participantes y de información pública, y experimentar y mejorar las iniciativas. Las recomendaciones son relevantes para todas las fases del proceso legislativo.\u003C/em>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"0620\" id=\"0620\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Este es un borrador del informe (de fecha 12 de octubre de 2017) y se actualizará en noviembre.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1207\" id=\"1207\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Lo que distingue los procesos de crowdlaw que han tenido éxito no es la elección de la plataforma tecnológica, sino si el sistema está bien integrado en los mecanismos del proceso legislativo. ¿La participación va más allá de las simples sugerencias para transformarse en una participación constructiva? ¿La participación pretende fortalecer un compromiso significativo? ¿La tarea se realiza con las personas del público integradas en el flujo de trabajo del equipo profesional? Estas recomendaciones resumen nuestras conclusiones principales sobre la mejor manera de diseñar iniciativas para que el crowdlaw incremente la legitimidad y la efectividad del proceso legislativo.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"0ab0\" id=\"0ab0\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Clarificar la demanda de participación\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"e5ac\" id=\"e5ac\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">1. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Optimizar tanto la participación institucional como la pública.\u003C/strong> Los diseñadores de crowdlaw se concentran en conseguir que las aportaciones públicas sean fáciles para los individuos, pero el éxito de cualquier proceso también necesita que las aportaciones sean útiles para las instituciones. Por ello, se deben considerar las necesidades del gobierno y de los funcionarios públicos, y crear plataformas y procesos que tengan en cuenta los procedimientos obligatorios e integrados en la cultura funcionarial, y las habilidades del equipo profesional. Este principio no descarta cambios en los procedimientos legales o la contratación de personas con habilidades imprescindibles para facilitar la participación pública, pero debe existir un flujo de trabajo que consiga que las aportaciones de la participación sean utilizables. Por ejemplo, de los 2 millones de peticiones presentadas en la plataforma de e-peticiones de la Casa Blanca \u003Ca href=\"https://petitions.whitehouse.gov/\" data-href=\"https://petitions.whitehouse.gov/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">We the People\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, ninguna de ellas se puede relacionar directamente con una acción de gobierno, presumiblemente porque una petición sin documentación que la apoye aumenta, en lugar de aliviar, el trabajo de los funcionarios públicos. Este tipo de plataformas no están bien diseñadas para facilitar la toma de decisiones y tampoco crean un proceso estable para canalizar la información correcta al legislador adecuado.¹\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4e8f\" id=\"4e8f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">2. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Diseñar para alcanzar la meta deseada.\u003C/strong> La participación pública tiene el potencial de fortalecer la legitimidad democrática, reforzar la cohesión social, aumentar la responsabilidad gubernamental, y mejorar la calidad de la legislación. Un proceso de participación que pregunta a las personas cómo se sienten ante un proyecto de ley alcanza objetivos diferentes a los de un proceso que les pida, por ejemplo, que aporten datos para fundamentar la redacción de la ley, o que les invite a utilizar los teléfonos móviles para controlar su implantación. La elección de objetivos dictará lo que constituye un sistema de éxito y \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">la información o la acción que se pretende del público\u003C/strong>. Así, si el objetivo es conseguir propuestas de implantación, no se pueden pedir solo ideas. Se tienen que pedir ideas apoyadas en pruebas. En el caso de \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Peer to Patent\u003C/em>, que fue una propuesta de una agencia administrativa, no de la rama legislativa, la Oficina de Patentes de los Estados Unidos pidió a los participantes que aportaran información que ayudaría a un examinador de patentes a determinar si un invento cumple los criterios para convertirse en una patente. Pero no preguntaban la opinión de la gente sobre la patente en sí, porque eso habría sido irrelevante para el proceso de toma de decisiones.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5438\" id=\"5438\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">3. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Identificar quién debe gestionar el proceso.\u003C/strong> Una evidencia que surgía constantemente de nuestro análisis de los casos globales era que la moderación del debate durante la participación tiene una importancia capital. Una mala moderación puede provocar con rapidez el descarrilamiento del proceso y dejar a los participantes confusos y frustrados. Aunque la moderación de una comunidad \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">peer-to-peer\u003C/em> permite difuminar esta tarea al invitar al público para que se moderen entre ellos, a través de la valoración positiva o negativa de las propuestas, y calificando las contribuciones como \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">spam\u003C/em> o abusivas, el plan también debe incluir un equipo profesional para responder y explicar cómo se van a utilizar las contribuciones del público. Esta es una parte importante del puente que conecta los participantes del público y del gobierno. Por ejemplo, \u003Ca href=\"https://edemocracia.camara.leg.br/home\" data-href=\"https://edemocracia.camara.leg.br/home\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">LabHacker/E-Democracia\u003C/a> en Brasil utiliza 200 asesores legislativos voluntarios que sirven como «traductores técnicos» entre los ciudadanos y los representantes, y contribuyen a asegurar que las aportaciones se ajustan a los requisitos legales.² De manera similar, los voluntarios facilitan el proceso en \u003Ca href=\"https://www.parlement-et-citoyens.fr/\" data-href=\"https://www.parlement-et-citoyens.fr/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Parlement et Citoyens\u003C/em>\u003C/a>. La misma directiva se aplica a la participación offline: las asambleas ciudadanas coordinadas por \u003Ca href=\"http://www.wethecitizens.ie/\" data-href=\"http://www.wethecitizens.ie/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">We the Citizens\u003C/em> \u003C/a>de Irlanda tuvieron éxito en gran medida gracias al papel que desempeñaron moderadores muy capacitados.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"68aa\" id=\"68aa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">4. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Plan para su uso, no solo solicitudes.\u003C/strong> La participación pública sin un mecanismo de aprendizaje institucional para asumir contribuciones externas e integrarlas resulta frustrante para todos los implicados. Por analogía, el gobierno puede abrir y publicar los datos sobre las contrataciones públicas, pero esta transparencia por sí misma no reduce la corrupción. En su lugar, las instituciones públicas tienen que aprender a usar dichos datos para cambiar la manera como compran bienes y servicios. De la misma forma, en los órganos legislativos se deben incorporar la capacidad para asumir y usar las aportaciones del público. Es posible que esto requiera cambios en los procesos actuales de propuesta, redacción, negociación e implantación de la legislación. Tan importante como solicitar las aportaciones del público es que exista un mecanismo de aprendizaje adecuado para rediseñar cómo actúa el parlamento para beneficiarse de la participación.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"190f\" id=\"190f\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Aumentar la aportación de los participantes y de la información pública\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"ba0c\" id=\"ba0c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">5. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Centrarse en los incentivos. Preguntarse: «¿por qué debería participar un miembro del público?» y obtener la respuesta hablando y sondeando a los usuarios potenciales.\u003C/strong> La literatura sobre crowdsourcing indica que la percepción de significado y de ecuanimidad es esencial para la calidad de las contribuciones y la viabilidad de las plataformas de crowdsourcing.³ La obligación de los gestores no consiste solo en diseñar un proceso que pueda tener un impacto significativo en el gobierno, sino también en articularlo para que tenga un impacto potencial en el público, al mismo tiempo que da facilidades para que sea posible. En otras palabras, hay que conseguir que el razonamiento para animar a la participación sea explícito y «vender» las razones para participar a través de un buen diseño y una explicación clara. En \u003Ca href=\"https://decide.madrid.es/\" data-href=\"https://decide.madrid.es/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Decide Madrid\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, una plataforma creada por el Ayuntamiento de Madrid para la participación pública en la toma de decisiones, la sección en la que los usuarios pueden presentar propuestas es mucho más popular que la sección de debate porque las propuestas emocionan y tienen el potencial de generar cambios, mientras que los debates son simplemente un motor de más debates. Una encuesta a 482 usuarios que no se registraron en \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Decide Madrid\u003C/em> descubrió que para el 11% la participación era inútil y para un 27% que les faltaba tiempo para participar, que era la razón más citada para no participar.⁴ Si un individuo no se engancha rápidamente a una plataforma, será muy difícil superar estas reticencias a través de otros incentivos.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c0cf\" id=\"c0cf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">6. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Explicar claramente cómo participar.\u003C/strong> El proceso legislativo es complejo, con muchas propuestas que nunca llegan a convertirse en ley. Por eso, una participación pública de éxito debe explicar el proceso y lo que se pide a los participantes, incluyendo la fijación de umbrales para la acción, como el número de firmas que se necesitan o qué debe contener un comentario para que se le tenga en cuenta. La literatura sobre crowdsourcing indica que cuando al «participante medio» se le «pide que realice una labor técnica con instrucciones específicas y una clasificación detallada de la tarea, sus resultados son iguales o mejores que los de un experto».⁵ Por ejemplo, en los informes anuales «Help Cut Red Tape» del \u003Ca href=\"https://engage.gov.bc.ca/govtogetherbc/consultation/help-cut-red-tape-public-engagement/\" data-href=\"https://engage.gov.bc.ca/govtogetherbc/consultation/help-cut-red-tape-public-engagement/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">GovTogetherBC\u003C/em>\u003C/a> de la Columbia Británica, se explica claramente de qué trata la participación, cómo se tendrán en cuenta las aportaciones y cuándo participar. Los informes detallan ideas populares para modernizar el gobierno, estadísticas sobre el proceso de participación, ideas presentadas y las acciones gubernamentales emprendidas sobre el tema (Figura 1). Dicha información ayuda a los participantes a comprender en tiempo real cómo su participación se está transformando en acción de gobierno. El proceso de \u003Ca href=\"https://www.lisboaparticipa.pt/\" data-href=\"https://www.lisboaparticipa.pt/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Presupuesto Participativo de Lisboa\u003C/a> incrementó los votos desde los 2.800 en 2008 a los 29.000 en 2012 al mejorar la presencia y la claridad del proceso, al añadir un elemento que permitía a los ciudadanos seguir el estado de implantación de las propuestas aceptadas, establecer canales de participación a través de móvil e incluso visitar la ciudad con un «Autobús del Presupuesto Participativo».⁶\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"35a2\" id=\"35a2\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*8wKQ5_l5bgBAKarOkTKZwQ.png\" data-width=\"1194\" data-height=\"873\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*8wKQ5_l5bgBAKarOkTKZwQ.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Figura 1: El Help Cut Tape Report de GovTogetherBC conecta ideas enviadas por los ciudadanos con las acciones específicas del gobierno sobre el tema\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"85e1\" id=\"85e1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">7. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Respetar la privacidad y autentificar a los usuarios cuando sea necesario.\u003C/strong> Aunque técnicamente es posible certificar la residencia o la identidad, se debe decidir si estos requisitos son necesarios y cuándo aplicarlos. Por ejemplo, si el objetivo es reunir las mejores ideas para resolver un problema, ¿importa de dónde vengan? Para ofrecer a las personas la oportunidad de participar en función de sus intereses, puede ser adecuada una encuesta voluntaria para recopilar información, pero no lo es una recopilación de datos obligatoria sobre las preferencias de la gente. Como un ejemplo de escrutinio de la participación, el Ayuntamiento de Reikiavik está obligado a considerar las 12–15 propuestas más populares cada mes en la plataforma \u003Ca href=\"https://betrireykjavik.is/domain/1\" data-href=\"https://betrireykjavik.is/domain/1\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Mejor Reikiavik/Mejores Barrios\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, de manera que autentifican a los participantes mediante una ID electrónica o una contraseña que se entrega a través del banco digital del ciudadano para asegurarse que se trata de un-ciudadano-un voto. Como un ejemplo de una autentificación más compleja, \u003Ca href=\"https://decide.madrid.es/\" data-href=\"https://decide.madrid.es/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Decide Madrid\u003C/em>\u003C/a> tiene un sistema en tres pasos que determina las acciones que pude realizar un miembro del público:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0dfa\" id=\"0dfa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">a. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Usuarios no registrados\u003C/em> pueden consultar el contenido de la página.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"12e1\" id=\"12e1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">b. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Usuarios con verificación básica\u003C/em> — a través de los datos de residencia y un número de teléfono móvil — pueden participar en discusiones, así como crear y apoyar propuestas.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6479\" id=\"6479\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">c. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Usuarios con verificación completa\u003C/em> — comprobada en persona o a través de correo electrónico — pueden realizar todas estas acciones además de votar las propuestas.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6795\" id=\"6795\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">8. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Comunicar el resultado de las decisiones finales.\u003C/strong> Los funcionarios deberán responder a las contribuciones y establecer una comunicación regular sobre los resultados. Aunque el público solo esté invitado a participar en la realización de propuestas, al final se deberá crear un mecanismo para compartir los resultados finales. Por ejemplo, los participantes en \u003Ca href=\"https://vtaiwan.tw/\" data-href=\"https://vtaiwan.tw/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">vTaiwan\u003C/em>\u003C/a> establecen una deliberación permanente entre ellos y con representantes de los ministerios implicados. Los participantes saben que, si se alcanza un consenso, el gobierno taiwanés debe adoptar la idea o dar una respuesta de la razón por que la idea no es realizable.\u003Ca href=\"https://engage.gov.bc.ca/govtogetherbc/consultation/help-cut-red-tape-public-engagement/\" data-href=\"https://engage.gov.bc.ca/govtogetherbc/consultation/help-cut-red-tape-public-engagement/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">GovTogetherBC\u003C/em>\u003C/a> publica los resultados de todos los procesos. Por el otro lado, el sistema \u003Ca href=\"http://www.irekia.euskadi.eus/en\" data-href=\"http://www.irekia.euskadi.eus/en\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Irekia\u003C/em>\u003C/a> del País Vasco (España) carece de un mecanismo para saber cuándo una propuesta ciudadana va a recibir una respuesta del gobierno o si se la considera aplicable, creando una ambigüedad sobre cuáles son los aspectos esenciales para que el gobierno se interese de verdad por una propuesta ciudadana.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"80a6\" id=\"80a6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">9. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Diversificar las oportunidades de participación y diversificar a los participantes.\u003C/strong> La investigación empírica sugiere que las oportunidades de participación pueden fracasar en el intento de atraer una participación diversa. Asegurar la participación de miembros diversos del público es una tarea muy compleja, que contempla la inversión en campañas para captar y dar voz a los sin voz. Un estudio de la representatividad de 186 de los participantes que contribuyeron con ideas para mejorar una ley de conducción todo terreno descubrió que eran predominantemente hombres (86%), tenían una educación formal y se encontraban entre los 35 y los 54 años (46%). También tenían una experiencia cívica previa: el 72% de los participantes habían escrito antes en un foro online, el 41% se había puesto en contacto con un representante, y el 33% había escrito antes un artículo de opinión.⁷ Atraer una participación diversa fue un reto común en todos los casos estudiados (detallados en la sección de análisis). Entre las causas del desequilibrio demográfico se encuentran el tiempo o la capacidad de los ciudadanos para realizar contribuciones, su desconocimiento de la plataforma, o su habilidad con la tecnología de la plataforma. Nuestro proyecto de ley esboza las oportunidades específicas para que los grupos puedan participar en el proceso legislativo sobre temas especialmente significativos (por ejemplo, centrados en temas específicos económicos, sociales, ambientales, culturales, de género o territoriales) como un paso decisivo para atraer activamente al proceso de participación a las poblaciones infrarrepresentadas.⁸ Así, además de una portal web online que permita que el público presente sus propuestas, participe en el diálogo y se comprometa en las actividades de un presupuesto participativo, los creadores de \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Decide Madrid\u003C/em> establecieron 26 «Oficinas de Atención al Ciudadano». Estas oficinas están distribuidas por toda la ciudad y permiten que los vecinos tengan la oportunidad de expresar sus opiniones en persona, si así lo desean, además o en lugar de su participación online. La reforma de la Constitución sudafricana incluyó una amplia estrategia de comunicación que distribuyó cuatro millones de ejemplares del borrador de la constitución durante la fase de redacción, y siete millones de ejemplares del documento final, entre ellos guías ilustradas para los sectores analfabetos de la población. (Un sondeo inicial de las zonas desconectadas de la campaña de reforma ayudó a descubrir áreas que necesitaban este tipo de comunicados.)⁹\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"29ff\" id=\"29ff\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Experimentar y mejorar\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"18b4\" id=\"18b4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3 graf--trailing\">10. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Comprobar qué funciona y repetirlo.\u003C/strong> El crowdlaw es un fenómeno nuevo. Para acelerar su adopción, se necesita más investigación, siendo imprescindible que \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">practitioners\u003C/em> e investigadores colaboren para diseñar los experimentos. La investigación debe establecer experimentos para observar cómo funcionan las plataformas, quién participa y cómo. Un software analítico sencillo puede generar datos que los propietarios de la plataforma y otros investigadores pueden usar para estudiar una iniciativa de crowdlaw. Siempre se debe asegurar que dichos datos administrativos sean abiertos y estén disponibles. Además, se pude considerar el establecimiento de sencillos ejercicios de control mediante la división de los participantes en dos grupos a los que se presentan experiencias alternativas, comparables al \u003Ca href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/62529/TLA-1906126.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/62529/TLA-1906126.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">test A/B\u003C/a>. Un ejemplo de estos test consiste en probar maneras diferentes de explicar cómo se participa o comprobar la relevancia de la participación en momentos diferentes durante el proceso legislativo. También son muy importantes los sondeos para reunir información que ayude a mejorar la efectividad de la plataforma y del proceso participativo. \u003Ca href=\"http://www.c-r.org/accord/public-participation/south-africa-s-multi-party-constitutional-negotiation-process\" data-href=\"http://www.c-r.org/accord/public-participation/south-africa-s-multi-party-constitutional-negotiation-process\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Durante la reforma de su constitución\u003C/a>, el gobierno sudafricano sondeó a los ciudadanos en zonas a las que no llegó la campaña informativa. Al descubrir las necesidades y las motivaciones de los sudafricanos excluidos, la campaña pudo plantear oportunidades de participación significativa: para muchos sudafricanos, «fue la primera vez que pudieron interactuar directamente con sus representantes electos. La remisión de cerca de 1,7 millones de envíos […] y reuniones alcanzó aproximadamente a 95.000 personas».\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"8165\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"32fc\" id=\"32fc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Lea las siguientes publicaciones de esta serie:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f099\" id=\"f099\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">#\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/4-un-marco-para-institucionalizar-la-participaci%C3%B3n-p%C3%BAblica-en-la-labor-legislativa-c415e5f672c6?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----3----------------\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/4-un-marco-para-institucionalizar-la-participaci%C3%B3n-p%C3%BAblica-en-la-labor-legislativa-c415e5f672c6?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----3----------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">4. CROWDLAW | UN MARCO PARA INSTITUCIONALIZAR LA PARTICIPACIÓN PÚBLICA EN LA LABOR LEGISLATIVA\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6bfc\" id=\"6bfc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">#\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/por-qu%C3%A9-la-participaci%C3%B3n-p%C3%BAblica-objetivos-normativos-5d5c3eeb163?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----2----------------\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/por-qu%C3%A9-la-participaci%C3%B3n-p%C3%BAblica-objetivos-normativos-5d5c3eeb163?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----2----------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">5. CROWDLAW | ¿POR QUÉ LA PARTICIPACIÓN PÚBLICA? OBJETIVOS NORMATIVOS\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"414a\" id=\"414a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">#6\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/5-25-casos-de-participaci%C3%B3n-ciudadana-global-6bb840ac9c1?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----1----------------\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/5-25-casos-de-participaci%C3%B3n-ciudadana-global-6bb840ac9c1?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----1----------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">. CROWDLAW | 25 CASOS DE PARTICIPACIÓN CIUDADANA GLOBAL\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5f82\" id=\"5f82\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">O vaya a la primera publicacion y encuentre la \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">tabla de contenidos\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"9da8\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"3970\" id=\"3970\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading\">Footnotes:\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"cfd0\" id=\"cfd0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">¹ Beth Simone Noveck, «\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Smart Citizens, Smarter State: The Technologies of Expertise and the Future of Governing\u003C/em>» (Boston, MA: Harvard University Press, 2015): 75–76.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"219f\" id=\"219f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">² Julie Simon, Theo Bass, Victoria Boelman y Geoff Mulgan, «Digital Democracy: The tools transforming political engagement», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Nesta\u003C/em>, febrero de 2017, consultado el 26 de junio de 2017, \u003Ca href=\"http://www.nesta.org.uk/sites/default/files/digital_democracy.pdf.\" data-href=\"http://www.nesta.org.uk/sites/default/files/digital_democracy.pdf.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.nesta.org.uk/sites/default/files/digital_democracy.pdf\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0394\" id=\"0394\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">³ Helen K. Liu, «Crowdsourcing Government from Multiple Disciplines», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Theory to Practice (\u003C/em>2017). Véase también: Dana Chandler y Adam Kapelner, «Breaking Monotony with Meaning: Motivation in Crowdsourcing Markets», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization\u003C/em> 90 (2013): 123–33. Nikolaus Franke, Peter Keinz y Katharina Klausberger, «Does This Sound Like a Fair Deal? Antecedents and Consequences of Fairness Expectations in the Individual’s Decision to Participate in Firm Innovation», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Organization Science \u003C/em>24, no. 5 (2013): 1500.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7792\" id=\"7792\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁴ Investigación, marketing y opinión, «VALORACIÓN DE LA ACCIÓN DE GOBIERNO EN EL AYUNTAMIENTO DE MADRID», junio de 2016, consultado el 24 de julio de 2017, \u003Ca href=\"https://ahoramadrid.org//wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Info-Ahora-Madrid.pdf\" data-href=\"https://ahoramadrid.org//wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Info-Ahora-Madrid.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://ahoramadrid.org//wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Info-Ahora-Madrid.pdf\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6cfc\" id=\"6cfc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁵ Helen K. Liu, «Crowdsourcing Government from Multiple Disciplines», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Theory to Practice (\u003C/em>2017). Véase también: Tara S. Behrend, David J. Sharek, Adam W. Meade y Eric N. Wiebe, «The Viability of Crowdsourcing for Survey Research», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Behavior Research Methods\u003C/em> 43, no. 3 (2011). Alexis Comber Linda et al., «Comparing the Quality of Crowdsourced Data Contributed by Expert and Non-Experts», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">PLOS ONE \u003C/em>8, no. 7 (2013).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cacb\" id=\"cacb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁶ Giovanni Allegretti y Sofia Antunes, «The Lisbon Participatory Budget: results and perspectives on an experience in slow but continuous transformation», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The journal of field actions: Field Actions Science Reports Special Issue \u003C/em>11 (2014), consultado el 23 de junio de 2017, \u003Ca href=\"https://factsreports.revues.org/3363#ftn1.\" data-href=\"https://factsreports.revues.org/3363#ftn1.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://factsreports.revues.org/3363#ftn1\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d469\" id=\"d469\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁷ Tanja Aitamurto, Hélène Landemore y Jorge Saldivar Galli, «Unmasking the crowd: participants’ motivation factors, expectations, and profile in a crowdsourced law reform», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Information, Communication & Society \u003C/em>20, no. 8 (2017): 1239–1255. Véase también, Huang, S.W., Suh, M.M., Hill, B.M., Hsieh, G., «How activists are both born and made: An analysis of users on change.org», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems\u003C/em> (2015): 211–220.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5862\" id=\"5862\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁸ Este es el caso de los mecanismos de iniciativa popular. Véase el \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Apéndice III\u003C/em> para una visión general del borrador de ley participación ciudadana.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f094\" id=\"f094\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">⁹ Catherine Barnes y Eldred De Klerk, «South Africa’s multi-party constitutional negotiation process», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Conciliation Resources (\u003C/em>2002): 33. Disponible en: \u003Ca href=\"http://www.c-r.org/accord/public-participation/south-africa-s-multi-party-constitutional-negotiation-process\" data-href=\"http://www.c-r.org/accord/public-participation/south-africa-s-multi-party-constitutional-negotiation-process\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.c-r.org/accord/public-participation/south-africa-s-multi-party-constitutional-negotiation-process\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/3-resumen-de-recomendaciones",{"title":3198,"description":3201},"3-resumen-de-recomendaciones","blogposts/3-resumen-de-recomendaciones","XZuAQZEl2SfXEoN_CAKf9Tqqvj3nngO99ZKfJdRMk6o",{"id":3210,"title":3211,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3212,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3213,"description":3214,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3211,"image":34,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3215,"meta":3216,"navigation":15,"path":3217,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3218,"slug":3219,"startTime":34,"stem":3220,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3221},"blogposts/blogposts/crowdlaw-on-the-verge-of-disruptive-change-designing-to-scale-impact.json","#CrowdLaw On the Verge of Disruptive Change | Designing to Scale Impact",[],"2017-10-13T18:24:44","This post is third in series of four “reports from the field” on #crowdlaw","\n\u003Csection name=\"b721\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"d2ee\" id=\"d2ee\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">#CrowdLaw — On the Verge of Disruptive Change | Designing to Scale Impact\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"9782\" id=\"9782\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">This post is third in series of four “reports from the field” on #crowdlaw\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"b3bf\" id=\"b3bf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">On September 24th, \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab\u003C/a> held its third online global conference on Crowd Law. The goal of these peer-to-peer learning events are to deepen the collective understanding of what works, connect practitioners across the world and accelerate the implementation of more effective and legitimate participatory lawmaking practices. GovLab presented several research questions for input on how practitioners design projects to scale impact: What kinds of opposition and support have practitioners faced? What types of project designs and tools have enable projects to overcome barriers? What are the enabling conditions that define a successful Crowdlaw engagement?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0693\" id=\"0693\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Crowdlaw\u003C/strong>, or open, collaborative \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/wiki/Crowdsourcing\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/wiki/Crowdsourcing\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">crowdsourced\u003C/a> lawmaking, is a tech-enabled approach for drafting legislation or constitutions, that offers an alternative to the traditional method of policymaking, which typically occurs behind closed doors and with little input from the people it affects.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"41ab\" id=\"41ab\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The aspiration of CrowdLaw practitioners and advocates is the creation of laws that are the following:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"d7fd\" id=\"d7fd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">more effective because they bring in more diverse ideas\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2f5f\" id=\"2f5f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">more legitimate because they are done with broader participation\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b893\" id=\"b893\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">more accountable because the lawmaking process becomes subject to greater scrutiny\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"e286\" id=\"e286\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">This session included lightning talks about #crowdlaw projects underway in Austria, Brazil, Chile, Finland, United States, Morocco, Libya and Spain, which we wrote about \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/a-growing-community-of-global-crowdlaw-practitioners/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/a-growing-community-of-global-crowdlaw-practitioners/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>. The GovLab then moderated a group discussion with over 45 global practitioners that covered three themes: Outreach strategies, Designing to overcome barriers; and Measuring impact. The full video is available \u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IQ20pnRyToY&index=2&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYyjhG5iB05I85Ab0wWZ3CCA\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IQ20pnRyToY&index=2&list=PL2zpEc-7YPYyjhG5iB05I85Ab0wWZ3CCA\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6f19\" id=\"6f19\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Read more about the major takeaways from the session \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/crowdlaw-on-the-verge-of-disruptive-change-designing-to-scale-impact/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/crowdlaw-on-the-verge-of-disruptive-change-designing-to-scale-impact/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/crowdlaw-on-the-verge-of-disruptive-change-designing-to-scale-impact",{"title":3211,"description":3214},"crowdlaw-on-the-verge-of-disruptive-change-designing-to-scale-impact","blogposts/crowdlaw-on-the-verge-of-disruptive-change-designing-to-scale-impact","7xN1xg9LaJwOqUmpriQ8xeXDxkGYwKteNJtVTFlCDwA",{"id":3223,"title":3224,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3225,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3226,"description":3227,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3224,"image":34,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3228,"meta":3229,"navigation":15,"path":3230,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3231,"slug":3232,"startTime":34,"stem":3233,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3234},"blogposts/blogposts/how-do-we-maximize-and-sustain-participation-in-the-crowdlaw-process.json","How do we maximize and sustain participation in the #CrowdLaw process?",[],"2017-10-13T18:22:54","This post is second in a series of four “reports from the field” on #crowdlaw","\n\u003Csection name=\"e195\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"a45e\" id=\"a45e\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">How do we maximize and sustain participation in the #CrowdLaw process?\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"e49b\" id=\"e49b\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">This post is second in a series of four “reports from the field” on #crowdlaw\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"9e85\" id=\"9e85\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">On September 24, 2014 The GovLab hosted it’s \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/a-growing-community-of-global-crowdlaw-practitioners/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/a-growing-community-of-global-crowdlaw-practitioners/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">third online global conference on #CrowdLaw\u003C/a>. This event was designed specifically for field practitioners and advocates to share experiences and connect with others who share similar goals but work in diverse international contexts and experiment with different technology and tools. GovLab presented several research questions to drive the conversation: What are the best ways for CrowdLaw advocates to communicate the importance of a CrowdLaw process to the public? What have practitioners learned about citizens’ motivations to participate? How can practitioners continue to expand the diversity of their country audience?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"86f3\" id=\"86f3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Crowdlaw\u003C/strong>, or open, collaborative crowdsourced lawmaking, is a tech-enabled approach for drafting legislation, regulations or constitutions, that offers an alternative to the traditional method of policymaking, which typically occurs behind closed doors and with little input from the people it affects.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3107\" id=\"3107\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The aspiration of practitioners is to create laws that are:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"085b\" id=\"085b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">more effective because they bring in more diverse ideas\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b01e\" id=\"b01e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">more legitimate because they are done with broader participation\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d7ff\" id=\"d7ff\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">more accountable because the lawmaking process becomes subject to greater scrutiny\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"e073\" id=\"e073\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">To read more about the major takeaways that surfaced regarding trying to involve citizens in this process, click \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/how-do-we-maximize-and-sustain-participation-in-the-crowdlaw-process/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/how-do-we-maximize-and-sustain-participation-in-the-crowdlaw-process/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/how-do-we-maximize-and-sustain-participation-in-the-crowdlaw-process",{"title":3224,"description":3227},"how-do-we-maximize-and-sustain-participation-in-the-crowdlaw-process","blogposts/how-do-we-maximize-and-sustain-participation-in-the-crowdlaw-process","-da1yl3t9KMORCDVdTlXGTI8jXYzijnJHH3W8boPyq0",{"id":3236,"title":3237,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3238,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3239,"description":3240,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3237,"image":3241,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3242,"meta":3243,"navigation":15,"path":3244,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3245,"slug":3246,"startTime":34,"stem":3247,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3248},"blogposts/blogposts/clinic-explores-citizen-participation-in-lawmaking-at-parliamentary-conference.json","Clinic Explores Citizen Participation in Lawmaking at Parliamentary Conference",[],"2017-10-13T18:17:50","Members of Yale Law School’s Governance Innovation Clinic participated in ParlAmericas’s Second Annual Gathering of the Open Parliament…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*CUZgEjl_PibLA1q6qFF3MQ.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"7bab\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"786f\" id=\"786f\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Clinic Explores Citizen Participation in Lawmaking at Parliamentary Conference\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"7e66\" id=\"7e66\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">Members of Yale Law School’s \u003Ca href=\"https://law.yale.edu/studying-law-yale/clinical-and-experiential-learning/our-clinics/open-government-and-open-data-governance-innovation-clinic\" data-href=\"https://law.yale.edu/studying-law-yale/clinical-and-experiential-learning/our-clinics/open-government-and-open-data-governance-innovation-clinic\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--h4-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Governance Innovation Clinic\u003C/a> participated in ParlAmericas’s Second Annual \u003Ca href=\"http://www.parlamericas.org/en/open-parliament.aspx\" data-href=\"http://www.parlamericas.org/en/open-parliament.aspx\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--h4-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Gathering\u003C/a> of the Open Parliament Network.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"e074\" id=\"e074\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Published originally on the Yale Law School Blog.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"ff6c\" id=\"ff6c\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*CUZgEjl_PibLA1q6qFF3MQ.jpeg\" data-width=\"960\" data-height=\"640\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*CUZgEjl_PibLA1q6qFF3MQ.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Gabby Capone (JD/MBA ’19) and Aprille Knox (Jackson ’17) attend the Second Annual Gathering of the Open Parliament Network in San Jose, Costa Rica, where they represented Yale Law School’s Governance Innovation Clinic during two days of discussion on transparency, citizen engagement, and access to information in government. Photo Courtesy: Yale Law School\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"fab6\" id=\"fab6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Members of Yale Law School’s \u003Ca href=\"https://law.yale.edu/studying-law-yale/clinical-and-experiential-learning/our-clinics/open-government-and-open-data-governance-innovation-clinic\" data-href=\"https://law.yale.edu/studying-law-yale/clinical-and-experiential-learning/our-clinics/open-government-and-open-data-governance-innovation-clinic\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Governance Innovation Clinic\u003C/a> recently participated in ParlAmericas’s Second Annual \u003Ca href=\"http://www.parlamericas.org/en/open-parliament.aspx\" data-href=\"http://www.parlamericas.org/en/open-parliament.aspx\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Gathering\u003C/a> of the Open Parliament Network. The event, which took place from March 15–18, 2017 in San Jose, Costa Rica, focused on strengthening ties between citizens and their legislatures. It featured more than 70 members of parliament as well as civil society representatives from across the Western hemisphere.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c9c7\" id=\"c9c7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The conference began on a sobering note, as a panelist cited a recent Barometro Latinoamericano poll, stating: “A majority of citizens do not feel adequately represented by their government.”* This statement came backed by statistics from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"be12\" id=\"be12\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.oecd.org/gov/trust-in-government.htm\" data-href=\"http://www.oecd.org/gov/trust-in-government.htm\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">OECD\u003C/a>) showing that worldwide, only 40% of citizens trust their governments. In the U.S. alone, only 19% of citizens say they can trust the federal government to do what is right (\u003Ca href=\"http://www.people-press.org/2015/11/23/1-trust-in-government-1958-2015/\" data-href=\"http://www.people-press.org/2015/11/23/1-trust-in-government-1958-2015/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Pew, 2015\u003C/a>). This trend underpinned two days of workshops addressing transparency and legitimacy issues.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"bbb8\" id=\"bbb8\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*EfOyK7Qm8kaYCRmo.png\" data-width=\"459\" data-height=\"658\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*EfOyK7Qm8kaYCRmo.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"7a01\" id=\"7a01\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Yale’s clinic team, directed by Florence Rogatz Visiting Clinical Professor of Law \u003Ca href=\"https://law.yale.edu/beth-simone-noveck\" data-href=\"https://law.yale.edu/beth-simone-noveck\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Beth Simone Noveck\u003C/a> ’97, was invited to facilitate a workshop on “smart parliaments,” leading participants in an interactive discussion on techniques for enabling inclusive and innovative legislative processes. Building on their semester-long work investigating effective citizen engagement models, the team sought to explore engagement and technology solutions as they relate to the citizen trust crisis from the perspective of parliamentarians.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ee94\" id=\"ee94\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The citizen engagement team represents one of multiple teams working on an array of topics within the Governance Innovation Clinic — all addressing the core issues of strengthening democratic institutions through legal and technological innovations that transform and improve governance. Other topics the clinic is working on include developing innovative anti-corruption mechanisms, providing data-driven legal services, and using digital technology to improve prisoner education.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4674\" id=\"4674\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Clinic teams work to identify their client’s core problem and then to design an actionable solution,” said Gabriella Capone (JD/MBA ’19), who presented at the conference with teammate Aprille Knox (Jackson ’17). “For us, it entails helping our client to design a citizen engagement system to address citizen distrust and apathy. We’ve been fortunate to engage with leading thinkers, including Professor Noveck, in an emerging civic space that uses crowdsourced citizen insights in lawmaking processes — known as Crowdlaw.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ada5\" id=\"ada5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Read the full blog post \u003Ca href=\"https://law.yale.edu/yls-today/news/clinic-explores-citizen-participation-lawmaking-parliamentary-conference\" data-href=\"https://law.yale.edu/yls-today/news/clinic-explores-citizen-participation-lawmaking-parliamentary-conference\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/clinic-explores-citizen-participation-in-lawmaking-at-parliamentary-conference",{"title":3237,"description":3240},"clinic-explores-citizen-participation-in-lawmaking-at-parliamentary-conference","blogposts/clinic-explores-citizen-participation-in-lawmaking-at-parliamentary-conference","_C27549PPo6gvX5E1lCkNX56BvAWljeCHvnMbFRDVIM",{"id":3250,"title":3251,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3252,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3253,"description":3254,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3251,"image":3255,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3256,"meta":3257,"navigation":15,"path":3258,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3259,"slug":3260,"startTime":34,"stem":3261,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3262},"blogposts/blogposts/the-third-crowdlaw-unconference-2014-a-growing-community-of-global-crowdlaw-practitioners.json","The Third CrowdLaw Unconference (2014)| A growing community of global #CrowdLaw practitioners",[],"2017-10-13T16:55:07","On September 24th, 2014 The GovLab held its third online global conference on #CrowdLaw. Practitioners from 16 countries discussed the…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*fxCb0DzGBv3_jMvM.","\n\u003Csection name=\"78d7\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"705d\" id=\"705d\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">The Third CrowdLaw Unconference (2014)| A growing community of global #CrowdLaw practitioners\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"b02d\" id=\"b02d\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">On September 24th, 2014 \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--h4-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab\u003C/a> held its third online global conference on #CrowdLaw. Practitioners from 16 countries discussed the challenges and lessons learned when crowdsourcing legislation and constitutions.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"7297\" id=\"7297\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">The session including lightning talks by practitioners with projects from Austria, Brazil, Chile, Finland, United States, Morocco, Libya and Spain and then a broader group discussion on three themes:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"ec03\" id=\"ec03\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Outreach strategies\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6f05\" id=\"6f05\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Designing to overcome barriers; and\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"508a\" id=\"508a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Measuring impact.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"fb59\" id=\"fb59\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">The goal of the conference was to deepen our collective understanding of what works, what doesn’t, how to assess impact, and accelerate the implementation of more effective and legitimate participatory lawmaking practices.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"56ce\" id=\"56ce\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Read more about the third online conference \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/a-growing-community-of-global-crowdlaw-practitioners/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/a-growing-community-of-global-crowdlaw-practitioners/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"f033\" id=\"f033\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*fxCb0DzGBv3_jMvM.\" data-width=\"1438\" data-height=\"847\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*fxCb0DzGBv3_jMvM.\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Participants in the third CrowdLaw “unconference” in 2014\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/the-third-crowdlaw-unconference-2014-a-growing-community-of-global-crowdlaw-practitioners",{"title":3251,"description":3254},"the-third-crowdlaw-unconference-2014-a-growing-community-of-global-crowdlaw-practitioners","blogposts/the-third-crowdlaw-unconference-2014-a-growing-community-of-global-crowdlaw-practitioners","fMJ4TfYhKvoLxldEQSEgpEskoXoCrxjVOT72VJ6nS_U",{"id":3264,"title":3265,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3266,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3267,"description":3268,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3265,"image":3255,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3269,"meta":3270,"navigation":15,"path":3271,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3272,"slug":3273,"startTime":34,"stem":3274,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3275},"blogposts/blogposts/the-second-crowdlaw-unconference-2014-highlighting-the-need-for-experimentation-collaboration.json","The Second CrowdLaw Unconference (2014) | Highlighting the Need for Experimentation Collaboration",[],"2017-10-13T16:52:01","On June 16, 2014 The GovLab Academy hosted its second #Crowdlaw session, bringing together thinkers and doers designing and running…","\n\u003Csection name=\"f9ee\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"20d9\" id=\"20d9\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">The Second CrowdLaw Unconference (2014) | Highlighting the Need for Experimentation & Collaboration\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"a795\" id=\"a795\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">On June 16, 2014 The GovLab Academy hosted its second #Crowdlaw session, bringing together thinkers and doers designing and running initiatives to empower and engage citizens in the process of legislation- and constitution-making from around the world.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"356e\" id=\"356e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">This second session focused on sharing insights from case studies underway in five different countries and the European Union. Platform developers, lawyers, government employees and research scientists shared what they’ve learned and seek to learn and develop together to assess crowdlaw’s impact and promote its successful adoption.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"412c\" id=\"412c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Read more about the second online conference \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/expanding-insights-crowdlaw-session-2-highlights-need-for-experimentation-collaboration/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/expanding-insights-crowdlaw-session-2-highlights-need-for-experimentation-collaboration/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"f033\" id=\"f033\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*fxCb0DzGBv3_jMvM.\" data-width=\"1438\" data-height=\"847\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*fxCb0DzGBv3_jMvM.\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Participants in the third CrowdLaw “unconference” in 2014\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/the-second-crowdlaw-unconference-2014-highlighting-the-need-for-experimentation-collaboration",{"title":3265,"description":3268},"the-second-crowdlaw-unconference-2014-highlighting-the-need-for-experimentation-collaboration","blogposts/the-second-crowdlaw-unconference-2014-highlighting-the-need-for-experimentation-collaboration","Z8JswZ8FDPPSSILNGc3CrHNrZqke9trAc9bJLBYcWSc",{"id":3277,"title":3278,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3279,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3280,"description":3281,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3278,"image":3255,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3282,"meta":3283,"navigation":15,"path":3284,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3285,"slug":3286,"startTime":34,"stem":3287,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3288},"blogposts/blogposts/the-first-crowdlaw-unconference-2014-what-we-know-still-most-need-to-know-about-crowdlaw.json","The First CrowdLaw Unconference (2014) | What We Know Still Most Need to Know About Crowdlaw",[],"2017-10-13T16:09:07","On June 2, 2014 GovLab Academy hosted the first of two online “unconferences” to bring together leaders and practitioners of CrowdLaw…","\n\u003Csection name=\"d03b\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"5ff4\" id=\"5ff4\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">The First CrowdLaw Unconference (2014) | What We Know & Still Most Need to Know About Crowdlaw\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"a0e6\" id=\"a0e6\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">On June 2, 2014 \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/academy/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/academy/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--h4-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">GovLab Academy\u003C/a> hosted the first of two online “unconferences” to bring together leaders and practitioners of C\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--h4-em\">rowdLaw\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>, including online legislative drafting and constitution writing organizers and platform creators.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"d198\" id=\"d198\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">We organized this opportunity to learn from one another about what works, what doesn’t and what to do better to promote the institutionalization of CrowdLaw as a means of engaging citizens more proactively and directly in our legislative processes.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2cb3\" id=\"2cb3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In each of these peer-to-peer learning sessions, crowdlaw implementers from around the world shared their experiences and then joined in a moderated conversation to talk about:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"ebbd\" id=\"ebbd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Design\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: What makes for successful crowdlaw projects: what works, what doesn’t?\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d783\" id=\"d783\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Incentives\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: How to encourage people to participate?\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8845\" id=\"8845\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Impediments\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: What are the legal, cultural, technological and other obstacles?\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"fc49\" id=\"fc49\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Metrics\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: How to measure what works and demonstrate both legitimacy and effectiveness?\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"0bc6\" id=\"0bc6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">Read more about the first online conference \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/toward-more-inclusive-lawmaking-what-we-know-still-most-need-to-know-about-crowdlaw/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/toward-more-inclusive-lawmaking-what-we-know-still-most-need-to-know-about-crowdlaw/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>, the second online conference \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/expanding-insights-crowdlaw-session-2-highlights-need-for-experimentation-collaboration/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/expanding-insights-crowdlaw-session-2-highlights-need-for-experimentation-collaboration/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a> and the third online conference \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/a-growing-community-of-global-crowdlaw-practitioners/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/a-growing-community-of-global-crowdlaw-practitioners/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"f033\" id=\"f033\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*fxCb0DzGBv3_jMvM.\" data-width=\"1438\" data-height=\"847\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*fxCb0DzGBv3_jMvM.\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Participants in the third CrowdLaw “unconference” in 2014\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/the-first-crowdlaw-unconference-2014-what-we-know-still-most-need-to-know-about-crowdlaw",{"title":3278,"description":3281},"the-first-crowdlaw-unconference-2014-what-we-know-still-most-need-to-know-about-crowdlaw","blogposts/the-first-crowdlaw-unconference-2014-what-we-know-still-most-need-to-know-about-crowdlaw","qGwjOd1l-yh15kJjfi58sATwdG52ySqsV6lAZCl2Bj0",{"id":3290,"title":3291,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3292,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3293,"description":3294,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3291,"image":3150,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3295,"meta":3296,"navigation":15,"path":3297,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3298,"slug":3299,"startTime":34,"stem":3300,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3301},"blogposts/blogposts/2-introduccion.json","2. INTRODUCCION",[],"2017-10-12T21:09:47","Esta sección presenta el crowdlaw como una forma de participación pública en el proceso legislativo y analiza cómo los esfuerzos en todo el…","\n\u003Csection name=\"e866\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"8f78\" id=\"8f78\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*YjAoffICR9cCTouaFEbHOg.jpeg\" data-width=\"1920\" data-height=\"960\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*YjAoffICR9cCTouaFEbHOg.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"e11a\" id=\"e11a\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">2. \u003C/strong>CROWDLAW | INTRODUCCIÓN\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"88bc\" id=\"88bc\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">Esta sección presenta el crowdlaw como una forma de participación pública en el proceso legislativo y analiza cómo los esfuerzos en todo el mundo para fomentar la participación están facilitando que el público se implique en diversas fases del proceso legislativo. También definimos los objetivos del informe y proporcionamos una guía del mismo.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"3cdc\" id=\"3cdc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Este es un borrador del informe (de fecha 12 de octubre de 2017) y se actualizará en noviembre.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0d68\" id=\"0d68\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Durante los últimos cinco años, 75 países se han integrado en el Open Government Partnership (OGP, asociación de gobierno abierto), que pretende «promover la transparencia, dar poder a los ciudadanos, luchar contra la corrupción y crear nuevas tecnologías para mejorar la gobernanza».¹ La extensión global del Gobierno Abierto — prácticas gubernamentales más transparentes y participativas — , acelerada por la aparición de tecnologías que facilitan la colaboración online, ha incrementado el interés en la revisión de los procesos gubernamentales que tradicionalmente se realizan a puerta cerrada. Ha aumentado el número de las plataformas de participación pública que modifican la finalidad inicial de las redes sociales existentes o utilizan ciertas plataformas web o apps móviles para facilitar las peticiones electrónicas, las innovaciones en la esfera del gobierno abierto\u003Ca href=\"#_ftn2\" data-href=\"#_ftn2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\">*\u003C/a>, los presupuestos participativos y otras formas de participación por parte de órganos ejecutivos y administrativos. La tecnología permite ir más allá de las salas de reuniones tradicionales y otras formas de diálogo presencial² para generar más oportunidades, mucho más equilibradas, de participación que tienen el potencial de mejorar la calidad del diseño de las políticas a aplicar.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9057\" id=\"9057\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">En paralelo a la implantación del gobierno abierto en el ámbito ejecutivo, los órganos legislativos han empezado a explorar — impulsados por las exigencias de la opinión pública — nuevos métodos para incorporar en su labor la inteligencia y la experiencia del público más allá de los comicios electorales, incluyendo maneras de mejorar los procesos legislativos. Este tipo de proceso legislativo participativo se conoce como «crowdlaw».³\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6d9e\" id=\"6d9e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">CrowdLaw\u003C/strong> ofrece una alternativa al método tradicional del proceso legislativo, que habitualmente está en manos de un equipo de profesionales y políticos que trabajan a puerta cerrada. En el mundo, lo tradicional es que los partidos políticos acuerden en secreto la legislación y los compromisos legislativos. Para parafrasear un comentario periodístico reciente, que se puede aplicar a todos los órganos legislativos: en el parlamento, el secreto es una realidad.⁴\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"83bd\" id=\"83bd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Formas limitadas de consulta pública offline en forma de audiencias públicas no son nada nuevo. No obstante, las nuevas tecnologías han ampliado extraordinariamente el uso de la participación en campos nuevos y en el papel que se pide que juegue la población. Ahora el público puede, en muchos casos, ir más allá aportando opiniones y formulando peticiones online⁵ para jugar un papel mucho más sustantivo, incluyendo propuestas legislativas, borradores de leyes, críticas a la legislación y aportando datos imprescindibles (Figura 1).⁶\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"96ee\" id=\"96ee\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*TfhV28rGT9WGYy0m1m93hw.png\" data-width=\"1912\" data-height=\"766\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*TfhV28rGT9WGYy0m1m93hw.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Figura 1: Cuatro ejemplos de iniciativas de crowdlaw\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"7cd2\" id=\"7cd2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"http://seguimiento.co/app-mi-senado\" data-href=\"http://seguimiento.co/app-mi-senado\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Mi Senado\u003C/em>\u003C/a>: una aplicación para teléfono móvil que pretende «acercar los ciudadanos colombianos al legislativo», a través de facilitar el acceso a la información, de canales directos de comunicación con los senadores, y de oportunidades para votar en tiempo real. Los ciudadanos colombianos pueden reaccionar y votar en las sesiones plenarias parlamentarias en tiempo real y recibir notificaciones \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">push\u003C/em> para saber cuándo se convocan las sesiones plenarias de manera que puedan participar. A través de la app, los usuarios también tienen acceso a los registros de asistencia y voto de los representantes electos (Figura 2).\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--outsetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"72a0\" id=\"72a0\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--layoutOutsetCenter graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*0Gn2iEli2FaE-Rbr09DmFQ.png\" data-width=\"1368\" data-height=\"604\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/1200/1*0Gn2iEli2FaE-Rbr09DmFQ.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Figura 2: Las funcionalidades de Mi Senado incluyen: (1) muestra proyectos de ley que se están discutiendo en el pleno, (2) permite a los usuarios votar a favor o en contra, y hacer comentarios, (3) muestra en tiempo real los votos emitidos por el Senado, los partidos y los ciudadanos sobre los temas discutidos, y (4) hace un seguimiento de la asistencia al Senado.\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"3251\" id=\"3251\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.parlement-et-citoyens.fr/\" data-href=\"https://www.parlement-et-citoyens.fr/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Parlement et Citoyens\u003C/em>\u003C/a>: una plataforma que permite al público francés presentar sugerencias para la actividad legislativa a través de un proceso de consulta online de múltiples pasos. En la plataforma, los representantes pueden publicar una consulta que ofrece de tres a cinco oportunidades de participación diferentes (Figura 3). Por ejemplo, un representante plantea un problema que los ciudadanos ayudan a definir, y para el que pueden contribuir a generar una solución y evaluar las soluciones propuestas. Los ciudadanos también pueden participar en discusiones por videoconferencia con el representante. Al final del proceso, un informe de conclusiones explica si, cuándo y cómo se ha incorporado la aportación ciudadana en la propuesta legislativa resultante. (Los procesos de consulta, aunque patrocinados por los representantes que están presentes a lo largo de todo el proceso, en realidad están gestionados por voluntarios.)\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"3a41\" id=\"3a41\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*xT_BTIeC5I50iuHQizmmlw.png\" data-width=\"1147\" data-height=\"902\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*xT_BTIeC5I50iuHQizmmlw.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Figura 3: Una consulta en 5 fases patrocinada por un representante\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"500e\" id=\"500e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://edemocracia.camara.leg.br/\" data-href=\"https://edemocracia.camara.leg.br/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">E-Democracia\u003C/em>\u003C/a>: una plataforma de participación de The Hacker Lab que proporciona al público brasileño tres oportunidades de participación: (1) esbozar legislación colaborativa a través de \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">WikiLegis\u003C/em>, (2) contactar con los diputados en la sección de discusión \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Expressão\u003C/em>, y (3) audiencias públicas a través de conferencias online con los representantes. Mediante estas herramientas, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">E-Democracia\u003C/em> permite que los ciudadanos propongan y editen textos legislativos (Figura 4) con múltiples oportunidades para que el gobierno responda. Los informes finales permiten que los ciudadanos comprendan si, cuándo y cómo su participación en la plataforma se ha incorporado a los borradores de la legislación.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"c9f6\" id=\"c9f6\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*wP8yql1QwPqZEsKXmoOWcQ.png\" data-width=\"1080\" data-height=\"1050\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*wP8yql1QwPqZEsKXmoOWcQ.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Figura 4: Redacción colaborativa de una ley en WikiLegis\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"3342\" id=\"3342\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">El crowdlaw tiene el potencial de mejorar la calidad del proceso legislativo al generar oportunidades para que el público aporte experiencia, información y opiniones con el objetivo de redactar leyes, reglamentos y constituciones que están mejor informadas y, al mismo tiempo, más legitimadas porque se han elaborado en público. A través de dichos procesos, el público se convierte en colaborador y co-creador en el proceso legislativo con el objetivo de mejorar la calidad de los resultados legislativos y la efectividad del gobierno.⁷\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d91e\" id=\"d91e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Pero, a pesar de estos ejemplos prometedores y apasionantes, el crowdlaw no está bien institucionalizado en la práctica parlamentaria. Los parlamentarios y los miembros del público que no están familiarizados con el proceso siguen siendo bastante escépticos. De hecho, los parlamentos, como otras instituciones públicas, se resisten con frecuencia a la participación pública, temiendo que sea una carga, en el peor de los casos, o inútil, en el mejor caso. Incluso cuando las instituciones ofrecen una oportunidad para participar, el público no está siempre informado ni dispuesto a hacerlo, sospechando que la participación no será relevante o no se incorporará en el resultado final. Los temores no carecen de fundamento porque muchos proyectos online de democracia participativa, ya sean legislativos o ejecutivos, han fracasado al no alcanzar el resultado deseado por las instituciones o los individuos. Por ejemplo:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"50ed\" id=\"50ed\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Decide Madrid\u003C/em>, una iniciativa del Ayuntamiento de Madrid que reunió 18.000 propuestas políticas presentadas por el público participante, ha dado como resultado que solo dos de estas propuestas han sido consideradas por el Ayuntamiento.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"882f\" id=\"882f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">En 2009 el equipo de transición del presidente electo Barack Obama pidió al pueblo americano propuestas políticas para los primeros cien días en el cargo del nuevo presidente. Aunque se recibieron más de 70.000 ideas en \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">The People’s Briefing Book\u003C/em> y fueron votadas por más de medio millón de personas, ninguna de ellas se incorporó a las políticas aplicadas.⁸\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch3 name=\"880f\" id=\"880f\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Integrar el crowdlaw en el proceso legislativo: más allá de la petición\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cblockquote name=\"3ded\" id=\"3ded\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--h3\">En este periodo inicial de crowdlaw, las oportunidades de participación no están bien integradas en la práctica legislativa lo que provoca un gran aumento del volumen de información (sugerencias, comentarios, peticiones) sin que redunde en una mejora de la calidad de los resultados legislativos. Los extensos conocimientos y experiencias del público no encuentran una vía de entrada en la toma de decisiones en el momento apropiado y en un formato que se pueda utilizar. Si se diseñan sin tener en cuenta las necesidades tanto de los miembros del público participante como de las instituciones parlamentarias, las innovaciones en la participación online no mejorarán el proceso legislativo, sino que conducirán solo a la frustración, la desafección y la fatiga.\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cp name=\"d23e\" id=\"d23e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--blockquote\">Sin embargo, diseñada de una manera correcta, la participación puede mejorar la legitimidad y la efectividad del proceso legislativo en cada fase del mismo al introducir más datos y puntos de vista diversos, y al garantizar que la legislación esté mejor informada de las condiciones de la vida real.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dfaf\" id=\"dfaf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Alrededor del mundo, los experimentos de participación pública que han tenido éxito han incidido en cada una de las cinco fases básicas del proceso legislativo. Proporcionan una idea de cómo las prácticas de crowdlaw se pueden integrar en el proceso legislativo con el objetivo de aportar información del público para un gobierno mejorado. Aunque articulados como «\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideal_type\" data-href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideal_type\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">tipos ideales\u003C/a>», con aportaciones cruzadas significativas entre fases, los beneficios potenciales de cada etapa (Figura 5) son:\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"c7dd\" id=\"c7dd\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*k26TdD60k7Xpaj2dUB3tzQ.png\" data-width=\"1672\" data-height=\"738\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*k26TdD60k7Xpaj2dUB3tzQ.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Figura 5: Fases del proceso legislativo y los aspectos de gobernanza que el público puede ayudar a mejorar en cada una de ellas\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"9a27\" id=\"9a27\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">1) Marcar la agenda:\u003C/strong> cuando los parlamentos deciden qué temas asumen para legislar sobre ellos. Muchos países tienen ya un proceso de peticiones muy bien establecido.⁹ Llevado online y rediseñado constituye potencialmente una oportunidad para aportar empirismo al proceso legislativo a través de la contribución pública de experiencias e información, ofreciendo al público la oportunidad de proponer, priorizar y criticar los problemas que se deben afrontar. Por ejemplo, en Finlandia la Ley de \u003Ca href=\"http://openministry.info/finnish-citizens-initiative\" data-href=\"http://openministry.info/finnish-citizens-initiative\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Iniciativa Ciudadana\u003C/a> permite que los miembros del público propongan leyes nuevas. La Unión Europea ha adoptado su propia \u003Ca href=\"http://ec.europa.eu/citizens-initiative/public/welcome\" data-href=\"http://ec.europa.eu/citizens-initiative/public/welcome\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ley de Participación Ciudadana\u003C/a>. En México, la \u003Ca href=\"http://ley3de3.mx/\" data-href=\"http://ley3de3.mx/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ley 3de3\u003C/a> permitió que 634.000 personas pidieran la publicación de información financiera de los políticos para combatir la corrupción. Las reformas propuestas por la Ley 3de3 amparan la primera iniciativa ciudadana que ha tenido éxito al ser discutida y aprobada por el Congreso mexicano una ley que permite que se acepten propuestas legislativas ciudadanas que consigan 120.000 firmas.¹⁰ ¹¹\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">En esta fase, la participación tiene el potencial de mejorar el nivel de información en el proceso legislativo.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cf28\" id=\"cf28\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">2) Presentación de propuestas:\u003C/strong> cuando los órganos legislativo y regulatorio llegan a plantear una solución para un problema. Esto representa una oportunidad para identificar enfoques innovadores mediante la difusión de experiencias diversas y sugerir, debatir y criticar los enfoques propuestos. Dichos enfoques amplían la aportación del público más allá de lo que está a disposición de los legisladores y sus equipos a través de audiencias ocasionales. Por ejemplo, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.parlement-et-citoyens.fr/\" data-href=\"https://www.parlement-et-citoyens.fr/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Parlement et Citoyens\u003C/em>\u003C/a> en Francia permite que los ciudadanos presenten propuestas sobre las causas y las soluciones al problema planteado por el representante. Posteriormente, las propuestas ciudadanas son sintetizadas, debatidas e incorporadas al borrador legislativo resultante. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">En esta fase, la participación tiene el potencial de mejorar la innovación.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7cfd\" id=\"7cfd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">3) Redacción:\u003C/strong> cuando los órganos legislativos fijan las soluciones a través de un proyecto de legislación, reglamento o constitución. Esto proporciona una oportunidad para una redacción colaborativa y para solicitar comentarios sobre un borrador para mejorarlo. Al incrementar el acceso a una función central del gobierno, la redacción colaborativa genera un ímpetu radical para una mayor abertura. Por ejemplo, \u003Ca href=\"https://edemocracia.camara.leg.br/\" data-href=\"https://edemocracia.camara.leg.br/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">el WikiLegis de E-Democracia\u003C/a> permite que los brasileños editen borradores de textos legislativos de una manera parecida al trabajo colaborativo en un documento de Google. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">En esta fase, la participación tiene el potencial de aumentar la transparencia.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f889\" id=\"f889\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">4) Implementación:\u003C/strong> cuando los órganos legislativos delegan en los organismos o equipos administrativos que pongan en práctica las leyes. Esto implica con frecuencia un paso adicional al redactar reglamentos basados en la legislación y plantear estrategias para convertir la letra de la ley en acciones prácticas. Dicho proceso de creación de normas representa otra oportunidad para la participación. Por ejemplo, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.regulations.gov/\" data-href=\"https://www.regulations.gov/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">la plataforma \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">eRulemaking\u003C/em>\u003C/a> de los Estados Unidos proporciona un mecanismo electrónico para que el público comente los reglamentos en fase de borrador. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">En esta fase, la participación tiene el potencial de aumentar la efectividad de la legislación.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"38d4\" id=\"38d4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">5) Evaluación:\u003C/strong> cuando el público puede ayudar a supervisar y monitorizar las consecuencias de la legislación. La evaluación del impacto minucioso, incluidos los costes y los beneficios, de la legislación en la vida de las personas ofrece una oportunidad para la participación, porque permite preguntar al público cómo medir el impacto y qué datos utilizar con ese fin. Sin embargo, los procesos de evaluación son insuficientes tanto en el crowdlaw como en los contextos legislativos tradicionales, pero los mecanismos de supervisión y corrección que se han puesto en marcha indican un giro inicial hacia un fortalecimiento de la supervisión pública y el análisis de resultados para evaluar las instituciones gubernamentales. Por ejemplo, \u003Ca href=\"http://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commons-select/education-committee/dfe-evidence-check-forum/\" data-href=\"http://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commons-select/education-committee/dfe-evidence-check-forum/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Evidence and Fact Checks\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, utilizado por el Parlamento del Reino Unido, invita a aportar pruebas sobre propuestas políticas relacionadas con temas que van desde la diferencia salarial de género hasta la tecnología sanitaria. Aunque la participación en el programa es baja y no ha publicado datos sobre su impacto, proporciona una estrategia prometedora para emplear la valoración \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">a posteriori\u003C/em> en la mejora de la implementación. Una campaña \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Promise Tracker\u003C/em> para evaluar la calidad de la comida escolar en Brasil ha logrado un gran éxito al invitar a los ciudadanos a usar los teléfonos móviles para verificar si los alimentos están a la altura de los estándares del programa.¹² Pruebas al azar en las que las comunidades monitorizan la atención sanitaria indican que «[c]omunidades que tienen […] supervisión de la implementación suelen ser más efectivas en la mejora de la dispensación del servicio», cuando disponen de la información adecuada. Las pruebas indican que una comunidad informada y vigilante obtiene unos resultados mejores de las actividades gubernamentales.¹³ \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">En esta fase, la participación tiene el potencial de aumentar la responsabilidad.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"ccbf\" id=\"ccbf\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Guía de este informe\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"303b\" id=\"303b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3 graf--trailing\">Este informe agrupa 10 recomendaciones prácticas (Sección 2) para implantar estrategias efectivas de crowdlaw, que se agrupan en una ley modelo (Sección 3). La ley, en particular, describe lo que llamamos el «Open Assembly Lab», una pequeña unidad administrativa con la capacidad y la autoridad efectiva necesaria para diseñar, implementar y probar las prácticas de participación pública. En las secciones siguientes, explicamos el contexto del proyecto en mayor extensión, incluyendo las condiciones globales y españolas de la desconfianza política que está dando origen al deseo de implantar estas innovaciones (Sección 4). Después analizamos las razones que cimentan la participación pública en el proceso legislativo (Sección 5). La exposición en detalle de las recomendaciones que se derivan de nuestro análisis de 25 casos de participación pública (Secciones 6 y 7). Al exponer estos métodos participativos del proceso legislativo, pretendemos extraer las lecciones principales que debemos aprender sobre crowdlaw y ofrecer recomendaciones de diseño para aquellos órganos parlamentarios interesados en incorporar la participación pública en una u otra fase del proceso legislativo. El objetivo es profundizar en nuestra comprensión colectiva de lo que funciona, lo que no lo hace, cómo evaluar el impacto, y acelerar la implantación de más prácticas participativas en el proceso legislativo. Así, en la Sección 8, describimos la agenda investigadora sobre crowdlaw y el papel del Open Assembly Lab y las universidades en su desarrollo.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"553a\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"d5d2\" id=\"d5d2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Lea las siguientes publicaciones de esta serie:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5a76\" id=\"5a76\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">#\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/3-resumen-de-recomendaciones-dise%C3%B1ar-los-procesos-de-crowdlaw-para-mejorar-la-legitimidad-y-la-1c45d1bae78a?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----4----------------\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/3-resumen-de-recomendaciones-dise%C3%B1ar-los-procesos-de-crowdlaw-para-mejorar-la-legitimidad-y-la-1c45d1bae78a?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----4----------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">3. CROWDLAW | RESUMEN DE RECOMENDACIONES\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f099\" id=\"f099\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">#\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/4-un-marco-para-institucionalizar-la-participaci%C3%B3n-p%C3%BAblica-en-la-labor-legislativa-c415e5f672c6?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----3----------------\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/4-un-marco-para-institucionalizar-la-participaci%C3%B3n-p%C3%BAblica-en-la-labor-legislativa-c415e5f672c6?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----3----------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">4. CROWDLAW | UN MARCO PARA INSTITUCIONALIZAR LA PARTICIPACIÓN PÚBLICA EN LA LABOR LEGISLATIVA\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"414a\" id=\"414a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">#\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/5-25-casos-de-participaci%C3%B3n-ciudadana-global-6bb840ac9c1?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----1----------------\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/5-25-casos-de-participaci%C3%B3n-ciudadana-global-6bb840ac9c1?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----1----------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">5. CROWDLAW | \u003C/a>\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/por-qu%C3%A9-la-participaci%C3%B3n-p%C3%BAblica-objetivos-normativos-5d5c3eeb163?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----2----------------\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/por-qu%C3%A9-la-participaci%C3%B3n-p%C3%BAblica-objetivos-normativos-5d5c3eeb163?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----2----------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">¿POR QUÉ LA PARTICIPACIÓN PÚBLICA? OBJETIVOS NORMATIVOS\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"23b8\" id=\"23b8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">O vaya a la primera publicacion y encuentre la \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">tabla de contenidos\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"a313\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"dea9\" id=\"dea9\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading\">Footnotes:\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"46c6\" id=\"46c6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">¹ «Open Government Partnership», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Open Government Partnership\u003C/em>, consultado el 11 de mayo de 2017, \u003Ca href=\"http://www.opengovpartnership.org/sites/default/files/091116_OGP_Booklet_digital.pdf.\" data-href=\"http://www.opengovpartnership.org/sites/default/files/091116_OGP_Booklet_digital.pdf.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.opengovpartnership.org/sites/default/files/091116_OGP_Booklet_digital.pdf\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f616\" id=\"f616\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">² Catherine Andrews, «The Future of Citizen Engagement: Five Trends Transforming Government», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">GovLoop Guide, Washington, D.C.\u003C/em>, 2015, consultado el 11 de mayo de, 2017: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.govloop.com/resources/the-future-of-citizen-engagement-five-trends-transforming-government/.\" data-href=\"https://www.govloop.com/resources/the-future-of-citizen-engagement-five-trends-transforming-government/.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.govloop.com/resources/the-future-of-citizen-engagement-five-trends-transforming-government/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8103\" id=\"8103\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">³ Hasta donde llegan nuestros conocimientos, crowdlaw es un término que surge de una serie de reuniones online de \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">practitioners\u003C/em> de procesos legislativos participativos organizadas por el GovLab en 2014, véase \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/project-crowdlaw.html\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/project-crowdlaw.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.thegovlab.org/project-crowdlaw.html\u003C/a>. El crowdlaw se diferencia de todas las formas de participación online en que se concentra primariamente en los órganos legislativos. El crowdlaw se puede referir al conjunto de la actividad legislativa, incluida la legislación, los reglamentos, las constituciones e incluso la fijación de políticas, aunque en este informe nos centramos en la labor de los órganos legislativos.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3735\" id=\"3735\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁴ Alan Fram, «INSIDE WASHINGTON: Writing a bill in private not unusual», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Associated Press\u003C/em>, 20 de junio de 2017, consultado el 21 de junio de 2017: \u003Ca href=\"http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/89ae8247abe8493fae24405546e9a1aa/Article_2017-06-20-US--\" data-href=\"http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/89ae8247abe8493fae24405546e9a1aa/Article_2017-06-20-US--\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/89ae8247abe8493fae24405546e9a1aa/Article_2017-06-20-US--\u003C/a>Congress-Health%20Overhaul-Secrecy/id-579b09dc3d4f42cfa3e7bb882e978182\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"eef2\" id=\"eef2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁵ Experimentos pioneros de peticiones online al parlamento son el sistema de petición electrónica del Parlamento escocés (\u003Ca href=\"http://www.parliament.scot/gettinginvolved/petitions/%29\" data-href=\"http://www.parliament.scot/gettinginvolved/petitions/)\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.parliament.scot/gettinginvolved/petitions/)\u003C/a> y la plataforma del Bundestag en Alemania (\u003Ca href=\"https://epetitionen.bundestag.de/%29\" data-href=\"https://epetitionen.bundestag.de/)\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://epetitionen.bundestag.de/)\u003C/a>. Véase Ipsos MORI y C. Carman. 2009. Engaging the Public in the Scottish Parliament’s Petitions Process. Research Study Conducted for the Scottish Parliament’s Public Petitions Committee. \u003Ca href=\"http://archive.scottish.parliament.uk/s3/committees/petitions/inquiries/petitionsProcess/Engagingthepublicinthepetitionsprocess.pdf\" data-href=\"http://archive.scottish.parliament.uk/s3/committees/petitions/inquiries/petitionsProcess/Engagingthepublicinthepetitionsprocess.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://archive.scottish.parliament.uk/s3/committees/petitions/inquiries/petitionsProcess/Engagingthepublicinthepetitionsprocess.pdf\u003C/a> y Lindner, R., Riehm, U.: Broadening participation through e-petitions? an empirical study of petitions to the German parliament. Policy & Internet 3(1), 1–23 (2011), 9 (\u003Ca href=\"http://www.psocommons.org/policyandinternet/vol3/iss1/art4\" data-href=\"http://www.psocommons.org/policyandinternet/vol3/iss1/art4\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.psocommons.org/policyandinternet/vol3/iss1/art4\u003C/a> DOI: 10.2202/1944–2866.1083) (la aparición de la petición electrónica provocó un aumento exponencial del número de peticiones y la dificultad consiguiente de gestionarlas e integrarlas en el proceso).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"94ef\" id=\"94ef\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁶ Por favor, tengan en cuenta que con frecuencia cambiamos «participación ciudadana» por «participación pública» simplemente por razones de estilo. No respaldamos ningún esfuerzo para limitar la participación democrática a las personas que tienen la ciudadanía formal, sino que, al contrario, creemos que la participación debe incluir a los más vulnerables y a los que no tienen voz, como los inmigrantes.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f44d\" id=\"f44d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁷ Véase: Noveck, Beth Simone, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Wiki Government: How Technology Can Make Government Better, Democracy Stronger, and Citizens More Powerful\u003C/em>, (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2010).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f4fa\" id=\"f4fa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁸ Para más información sobre las limitaciones del \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">People’s Briefing Book\u003C/em>, véase James Katz et al., \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Social Media President\u003C/em> (Londres: Palgrave, 2013).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6462\" id=\"6462\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁹ Véase la nota 13.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8a67\" id=\"8a67\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹⁰ Kerk Semple, «Grass-Roots Anticorruption Drive Puts Heat on Mexican Lawmakers», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The New York Times\u003C/em>, 28 de mayo de 2016, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/29/world/americas/grass-roots-anticorruption-drive-puts-heat-on-mexican-lawmakers.html?_r=0\" data-href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/29/world/americas/grass-roots-anticorruption-drive-puts-heat-on-mexican-lawmakers.html?_r=0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/29/world/americas/grass-roots-anticorruption-drive-puts-heat-on-mexican-lawmakers.html?_r=0\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"02cd\" id=\"02cd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹¹ Maria Hermosilla, «A growing community of global #CrowdLaw practitioners», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Governance Lab\u003C/em>, 1 de octubre de 2015, \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/a-growing-community-of-global-crowdlaw-practitioners/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/a-growing-community-of-global-crowdlaw-practitioners/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://thegovlab.org/a-growing-community-of-global-crowdlaw-practitioners/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"77f4\" id=\"77f4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹² «Initial findings from Pará», Promise Tracker, \u003Ca href=\"http://promisetracker.org/2017/05/23/initial-findings-from-para/\" data-href=\"http://promisetracker.org/2017/05/23/initial-findings-from-para/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://promisetracker.org/2017/05/23/initial-findings-from-para/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b7f7\" id=\"b7f7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">¹³ Martina Björkman Nyqvist, Damien de Walque y Jakob Svensson, «The power of information in community monitoring», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">J-PAL Policy Briefcase, \u003C/em>2015.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/2-introduccion",{"title":3291,"description":3294},"2-introduccion","blogposts/2-introduccion","XimlWRnv2mprHiRU-96HGSgWyR6RqH6GGstPcfM5Ra4",{"id":3303,"title":3304,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3305,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3306,"description":3307,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3304,"image":3150,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3308,"meta":3309,"navigation":15,"path":3310,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3311,"slug":3312,"startTime":34,"stem":3313,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3314},"blogposts/blogposts/1-prefacio.json","1. PREFACIO",[],"2017-10-12T21:00:53","El objetivo de este informe es ayudar a la Asamblea de la Comunidad de Madrid, la legislatura que gobierna una de las diecisiete…","\n\u003Csection name=\"8bca\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"ca25\" id=\"ca25\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*YjAoffICR9cCTouaFEbHOg.jpeg\" data-width=\"1920\" data-height=\"960\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*YjAoffICR9cCTouaFEbHOg.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"c4ca\" id=\"c4ca\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">1. CROWDLAW | PREFACIO\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"d3f2\" id=\"d3f2\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">El objetivo de este informe es ayudar a la Asamblea de la Comunidad de Madrid, el órgano legislativo que gobierna una de las diecisiete comunidades autónomas de España, y a los 179 ayuntamientos de la región de Madrid a (1) desarrollar la capacidad de diseño y (2) utilizar la participación pública para mejorar la calidad, la efectividad y la legitimidad del proceso legislativo.¹\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"efae\" id=\"efae\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Este es un borrador del informe (de fecha 12 de octubre de 2017) y se actualizará en noviembre.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f1d2\" id=\"f1d2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">El proyecto se inició a petición de los líderes de Podemos — uno de los partidos políticos más importantes de España que cuenta con una amplia experiencia en campañas utilizando prácticas abiertas y participativas — , que solicitaron el asesoramiento del \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Governance Innovation Clinic\u003C/em> de la Yale Law School y el \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Governance Lab\u003C/em> de la New York University. Podemos nació como partido político en una asamblea ciudadana (Vistalegre I) que culminó un proceso participativo de dos meses de duración, «un ejercicio sin precedentes de democracia directa», en la que más de 100.000 personas participaron online y offline en el desarrollo del programa del partido.² ³ Durante los últimos tres años, a través de la utilización de plataformas online como \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Plaza Podemos\u003C/em> o \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Impulsa\u003C/em> para aglutinar apoyos, ideas y fondos de origen ciudadano, Podemos ha demostrado el valor y el potencial de la participación pública online para contribuir a la construcción de un movimiento que ha cambiado para siempre el rostro del sistema político español. Sin embargo, a pesar del éxito de las \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">campañas\u003C/em> participativas, la participación online en \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">el gobierno\u003C/em> ha tenido mucho menos éxito.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e403\" id=\"e403\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Después de ser los pioneros en la utilización de las herramientas on-line de campaña en la política española, ahora Podemos tiene la esperanza de cimentar el auge de la «política ciudadana» en España y por eso busca asesoramiento en conexión con las estrategias legales y tecnológicas para el gobierno regional y los 179 municipios de la Comunidad de Madrid (la Asamblea y los ayuntamientos, respectivamente) para que el público participe en el proceso legislativo («crowdlaw»). Bajo la dirección de la profesora Beth Simone Noveck (profesora y directora de The GovLab), y con el apoyo de asesores independientes de \u003Ca href=\"https://www.hks.harvard.edu/centers/mrcbg\" data-href=\"https://www.hks.harvard.edu/centers/mrcbg\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Harvard University\u003C/a> y el \u003Ca href=\"http://www.gigapp.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.gigapp.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">GIGAPP\u003C/a>, el equipo ha desarrollado este informe en un esfuerzo por:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b59a\" id=\"b59a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">1. Articular qué valor puede tener el crowdlaw para la democracia.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f117\" id=\"f117\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">2. Identificar y analizar las prácticas de crowdlaw de todo el mundo que puedan guiar el diseño y el desarrollo de prácticas de crowdlaw en España. Estos casos globales incorporan tanto las mejores prácticas como un análisis de lo que se debe evitar.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f47e\" id=\"f47e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">3. Profundizar en el conocimiento de las prácticas actuales para ofrecer una serie de recomendaciones para el diseño de crowdlaw en cada fase del proceso legislativo.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"29df\" id=\"29df\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">4. Investigar los marcos legales actuales y, mediante la combinación de estas leyes con las conclusiones derivadas de los casos estudiados, diseñar una legislación modelo para la participación pública.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4d56\" id=\"4d56\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">5. Fijar una agenda de investigación sobre crowdlaw, exponiendo las cuestiones que se deben estudiar y los mecanismos para hacerlo, con el objeto de comprender empíricamente el impacto de crowdlaw en las instituciones legislativas, el público y la cultura política.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ea9d\" id=\"ea9d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Durante el trabajo realizado en el semestre de primavera de 2017 por el Clinic, seguido por la labor de The GovLab durante el verano de 2017, nos centramos en: las conclusiones de las tres conferencias sobre crowdlaw organizadas por el GovLab en 2015–2016,⁴ las entrevistas con parlamentarios y creadores de plataformas mantenidas entre 2015–2017, las encuestas entre parlamentarios realizadas por la conferencia \u003Ca href=\"https://law.yale.edu/yls-today/news/clinic-explores-citizen-participation-lawmaking-parliamentary-conference\" data-href=\"https://law.yale.edu/yls-today/news/clinic-explores-citizen-participation-lawmaking-parliamentary-conference\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">ParlAmericas en Costa Rica \u003C/a>en abril de 2017,⁵ y una extensa investigación comparativa sobre democracia participativa, participación pública y participación pública online. Esta investigación ha permitido esbozar una fundamentación teórica, una taxonomía inicial a utilizar en el análisis de prácticas de crowdlaw y de plataformas informáticas, y, sobre todo, a la formación inicial de una comunidad de investigadores y \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">practitioners\u003C/em> interesados en promover y estudiar la introducción de iniciativas de democracia participativa en el proceso legislativo.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b035\" id=\"b035\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">-Gabriella Capone and Beth Noveck\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"2f8a\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"12eb\" id=\"12eb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Lea las siguientes publicaciones de esta serie:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4c6a\" id=\"4c6a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">#\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/introducci%C3%B3n-2d5bc457cc09?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----5----------------\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/introducci%C3%B3n-2d5bc457cc09?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----5----------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">2. CROWDLAW | INTRODUCCIÓN\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b6ae\" id=\"b6ae\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">#\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/3-resumen-de-recomendaciones-dise%C3%B1ar-los-procesos-de-crowdlaw-para-mejorar-la-legitimidad-y-la-1c45d1bae78a?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----4----------------\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/3-resumen-de-recomendaciones-dise%C3%B1ar-los-procesos-de-crowdlaw-para-mejorar-la-legitimidad-y-la-1c45d1bae78a?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----4----------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">3. CROWDLAW | RESUMEN DE RECOMENDACIONES\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f099\" id=\"f099\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">#\u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/4-un-marco-para-institucionalizar-la-participaci%C3%B3n-p%C3%BAblica-en-la-labor-legislativa-c415e5f672c6?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----3----------------\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/4-un-marco-para-institucionalizar-la-participaci%C3%B3n-p%C3%BAblica-en-la-labor-legislativa-c415e5f672c6?source=collection_detail----8af07387d158-----3----------------\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">4. CROWDLAW | UN MARCO PARA INSTITUCIONALIZAR LA PARTICIPACIÓN PÚBLICA EN LA LABOR LEGISLATIVA\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2dd7\" id=\"2dd7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">O vaya a la primera publicacion y encuentre la \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">tabla de contenidos\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"9d20\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"3adf\" id=\"3adf\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading\">Footnotes:\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"4668\" id=\"4668\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">¹ Para contextualizar, las comunidades autónomas en España son equivalentes a los \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Länder\u003C/em> alemanes o los estados de los EE.UU. y están divididas en provincias y municipios. Un \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">ayuntamiento\u003C/em> es el órgano gubernativo del municipio.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9066\" id=\"9066\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">² Bécquer Seguín y Sebastiaan Faber, «Can Podemos Win in Spain?», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Nation\u003C/em>, 14 de enero de 2015, consultado el 12 de julio de 2017, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.thenation.com/article/can-podemos-win-spain/\" data-href=\"https://www.thenation.com/article/can-podemos-win-spain/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.thenation.com/article/can-podemos-win-spain/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a3a2\" id=\"a3a2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">³ Para más información sobre \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Vistalegre II\u003C/em>, pulse \u003Ca href=\"https://vistalegre2.podemos.info/\" data-href=\"https://vistalegre2.podemos.info/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">aquí\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0164\" id=\"0164\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁴ «Crowdlaw Unconferencias», \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Governance Lab\u003C/em> son reuniones de pensadores y \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">practitioners\u003C/em> de procesos legislativos participativo. Resúmenes de las sesiones están disponibles \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/toward-more-inclusive-lawmaking-what-we-know-still-most-need-to-know-about-crowdlaw/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/toward-more-inclusive-lawmaking-what-we-know-still-most-need-to-know-about-crowdlaw/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">aquí\u003C/a> (Sesión 1), \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/expanding-insights-crowdlaw-session-2-highlights-need-for-experimentation-collaboration/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/expanding-insights-crowdlaw-session-2-highlights-need-for-experimentation-collaboration/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">aquí\u003C/a> (Sesión 2) y \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/crowdlaw-on-the-verge-of-disruptive-change-designing-to-scale-impact/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/crowdlaw-on-the-verge-of-disruptive-change-designing-to-scale-impact/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">aquí\u003C/a> (Sesión 3).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0638\" id=\"0638\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">⁵ Para más información sobre la sesión organizada por la Segunda Reunión Anual de la Red Parlamento Abierto de ParlAmericas en abril de 2017, consulte el \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Apéndice II\u003C/em>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/1-prefacio",{"title":3304,"description":3307},"1-prefacio","blogposts/1-prefacio","wy2zxxW93ceVHZH4yXRVIvUxijxFQ0HDdK4vAVVMJ_I",{"id":3316,"title":3317,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3318,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3319,"description":3320,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3317,"image":34,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3321,"meta":3322,"navigation":15,"path":3323,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3324,"slug":3325,"startTime":34,"stem":3326,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3327},"blogposts/blogposts/table-of-contents.json","Table of Contents",[],"2017-10-11T15:25:36","CrowdLaw: Online Public Participation in Lawmaking","\n\u003Csection name=\"53b6\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"7ebb\" id=\"7ebb\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Table of Contents\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"5443\" id=\"5443\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">CrowdLaw: Online Public Participation in Lawmaking\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ca76\" id=\"ca76\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">By Gabriella Capone & Beth Noveck\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Col class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"cfb2\" id=\"cfb2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-preface-2206814f0794\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-preface-2206814f0794\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">Preface\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3b6b\" id=\"3b6b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-introduction-baef458325ae\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-introduction-baef458325ae\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">Introduction\u003C/a> | \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">This section introduces CrowdLaw as a form of public engagement in lawmaking and provides a glimpse into how engagement efforts across the world are bringing the public into various stages of the legislative process. We also outline the goals of the report and provide a roadmap.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4850\" id=\"4850\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-summary-of-recommendations-84694cc723ef\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-summary-of-recommendations-84694cc723ef\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">Ten recommendations for designing better CrowdLaw initiatives\u003C/a> | \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">In this section we summarize ten recommendations for the thoughtful design of CrowdLaw initiatives organized around: clarifying the demand for participation, increasing the supply of public participants and information, and experimenting with and improving on initiatives. The recommendations are relevant across all stages of the legislative process.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"173d\" id=\"173d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-model-legislation-annotated-30f864593e2\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-model-legislation-annotated-30f864593e2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">Framework for institutionalizing public engagement in lawmaking\u003C/a> | \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">This section offers a draft of provisions of a public engagement statute with an explanation and rationale for each. We also compare these provisions to what was contained in the Podemos 2016 original draft.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8c55\" id=\"8c55\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-the-political-context-in-spain-and-elsewhere-c00828be7e87\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-the-political-context-in-spain-and-elsewhere-c00828be7e87\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">The political context in Spain and elsewhere\u003C/a> | \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">This section introduces Podemos and why this effort to institutionalize public engagement is taking place in Spain now, including a brief account of motivating regional and global events.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3a88\" id=\"3a88\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-why-public-engagement-normative-goals-9b5c9024e563\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-why-public-engagement-normative-goals-9b5c9024e563\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">Why public engagement? Normative goals\u003C/a> | \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">This section explains the varied value propositions for public engagement and connects them to their origins in various strands of political theory.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8afe\" id=\"8afe\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-case-studies-30cc06e9a5a6\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-case-studies-30cc06e9a5a6\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">25 global citizen engagement case studies\u003C/a> | \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">This section summarizes findings from analyzing 25 examples of public engagement in lawmaking using an original taxonomy. An expanded taxonomy is discussed in the final section (Research Agenda).\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b5d5\" id=\"b5d5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-recommendations-supporting-cases-and-further-considerations-46b4c837044d\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-recommendations-supporting-cases-and-further-considerations-46b4c837044d\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">Expanded recommendations\u003C/a> | \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Here we expand upon earlier recommendations by providing case studies that contributed to each recommendation. We have endeavored to summarize lessons learned and to translate those insights into design principles.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1acb\" id=\"1acb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-research-agenda-45c9d485de69\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-research-agenda-45c9d485de69\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">An agenda for research and experimentation\u003C/a> | \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Finally, we highlight valuable directions for further research and experimentation in CrowdLaw.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9ac5\" id=\"9ac5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-about-acknowledgements-4909a5463721\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-about-acknowledgements-4909a5463721\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">Acknowledgements\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003C/ol>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/table-of-contents",{"title":3317,"description":3320},"table-of-contents","blogposts/table-of-contents","KarODWYN4Sixe82fGYyysjQCkBKMILO2ib3hGhbNTDo",{"id":3329,"title":3330,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3331,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3332,"description":3333,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3330,"image":3334,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3335,"meta":3336,"navigation":15,"path":3337,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3338,"slug":3339,"startTime":34,"stem":3340,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3341},"blogposts/blogposts/what-is-crowdlaw.json","What is CrowdLaw?",[],"2017-09-30T22:53:10","This publication is a draft version of the report (dated October 12, 2017) and will be updated in November. Read more about the report…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*728dF6E59IfdE4cZr2bIKw.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"54a2\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"0819\" id=\"0819\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">ABOUT\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"a24f\" id=\"a24f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">With rates of trust in government at historic lows, the legitimacy of traditional representative models of lawmaking — often conducted by professional staff and politicians working behind closed doors and distorted by political party agendas–is called into question. New forms of public participation could help to improve both legitimacy and effectiveness by introducing more data and diverse viewpoints at each stage of the lawmaking process.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6ac6\" id=\"6ac6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">CrowdLaw is the practice of using technology to tap the intelligence and expertise of the public in order to improve the quality of lawmaking. Around the world, there are already over two dozen examples of local legislatures and national parliaments turning to the Internet to involve the public in legislative drafting and decision-making. These ambitious crowdlaw initiatives show that the public can, in many cases, go beyond contributing opinions and signing petitions online to playing a more substantive role, including: proposing legislation, drafting bills, monitoring implementation, and supplying missing data. Through such processes, the public becomes collaborators and co-creators in the legislative process to the end of improving the quality of legislative outcomes and the effectiveness of governing.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f1a8\" id=\"f1a8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">GovLab is supporting legislative bodies in investigating, designing, implementing, and testing crowdlaw initiatives. Our work includes:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"1922\" id=\"1922\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Studying and sharing learnings about CrowdLaw practices in use around the world and convening practitioners to share learnings.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ea7e\" id=\"ea7e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Synthesizing best practices for the design of CrowdLaw initiatives — including platforms, processes, and policies — through an on-going survey of over 25 public engagement initiatives.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5d6d\" id=\"5d6d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Cultivating a thriving network of now more than 90 CrowdLaw and public engagement experts and practitioners.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d90c\" id=\"d90c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Crafting a model legal framework to accelerate the integration of public input into the legislative process.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"abcb\" id=\"abcb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li graf--trailing\">Advising on the implementation of CrowdLaw practices.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"8e70\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"62b2\" id=\"62b2\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Additional Resources:\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"e272\" id=\"e272\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--h3 graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Twitter List: \u003C/strong>A \u003Ca href=\"https://twitter.com/TheGovLab/lists/crowdlaw\" data-href=\"https://twitter.com/TheGovLab/lists/crowdlaw\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">curated twitter list\u003C/a> of CrowdLaw practitioners and researchers from around the world compiled by the GovLab’s CrowdLaw team.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"737e\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"ce94\" id=\"ce94\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading\">Table of Contents:\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"4122\" id=\"4122\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">CrowdLaw: Online Public Participation in Lawmaking\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Col class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"cfb2\" id=\"cfb2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-preface-2206814f0794\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-preface-2206814f0794\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Preface\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3b6b\" id=\"3b6b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-introduction-baef458325ae\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-introduction-baef458325ae\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Introduction\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>| \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">This section introduces CrowdLaw as a form of public engagement in lawmaking and provides a glimpse into how engagement efforts across the world are bringing the public into various stages of the legislative process. We also outline the goals of the report and provide a roadmap.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4850\" id=\"4850\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-summary-of-recommendations-84694cc723ef\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-summary-of-recommendations-84694cc723ef\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Ten recommendations for designing better CrowdLaw initiatives\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>| \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">In this section we summarize ten recommendations for the thoughtful design of CrowdLaw initiatives organized around: clarifying the demand for participation, increasing the supply of public participants and information, and experimenting with and improving on initiatives. The recommendations are relevant across all stages of the legislative process.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"173d\" id=\"173d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-model-legislation-annotated-30f864593e2\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-model-legislation-annotated-30f864593e2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Framework for institutionalizing public engagement in lawmaking\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> | \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">This section offers a draft of provisions of a public engagement statute with an explanation and rationale for each. We also compare these provisions to what was contained in the Podemos 2016 original draft.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8c55\" id=\"8c55\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-the-political-context-in-spain-and-elsewhere-c00828be7e87\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-the-political-context-in-spain-and-elsewhere-c00828be7e87\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">The political context in Spain and elsewhere\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> | \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">This section introduces Podemos and why this effort to institutionalize public engagement is taking place in Spain now, including a brief account of motivating regional and global events.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3a88\" id=\"3a88\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-why-public-engagement-normative-goals-9b5c9024e563\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-why-public-engagement-normative-goals-9b5c9024e563\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Why public engagement? Normative goals\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> | \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">This section explains the varied value propositions for public engagement and connects them to their origins in various strands of political theory.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8afe\" id=\"8afe\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-case-studies-30cc06e9a5a6\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-case-studies-30cc06e9a5a6\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">25 global citizen engagement case studies\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> | \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">This section summarizes findings from analyzing 25 examples of public engagement in lawmaking using an original taxonomy. An expanded taxonomy is discussed in the final section (Research Agenda).\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b5d5\" id=\"b5d5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-recommendations-supporting-cases-and-further-considerations-46b4c837044d\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-recommendations-supporting-cases-and-further-considerations-46b4c837044d\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Expanded recommendations\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\"> \u003C/strong>| \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Here we expand upon earlier recommendations by providing case studies that contributed to each recommendation. We have endeavored to summarize lessons learned and to translate those insights into design principles.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1acb\" id=\"1acb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-research-agenda-45c9d485de69\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-research-agenda-45c9d485de69\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">An agenda for research and experimentation\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> | \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Finally, we highlight valuable directions for further research and experimentation in CrowdLaw.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9ac5\" id=\"9ac5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-about-acknowledgements-4909a5463721\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-about-acknowledgements-4909a5463721\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Acknowledgements\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003C/ol>\u003Cfigure name=\"17dc\" id=\"17dc\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*728dF6E59IfdE4cZr2bIKw.jpeg\" data-width=\"720\" data-height=\"360\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*728dF6E59IfdE4cZr2bIKw.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/what-is-crowdlaw",{"title":3330,"description":3333},"what-is-crowdlaw","blogposts/what-is-crowdlaw","6bM-wYuM3YumIFRJOYMtIq7tOiok87A_WirTQUh5fhk",{"id":3343,"title":3344,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3345,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3346,"description":3347,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3344,"image":3348,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3349,"meta":3350,"navigation":15,"path":3351,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3352,"slug":3353,"startTime":34,"stem":3354,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3355},"blogposts/blogposts/the-smarter-state-how-public-agencies-are-using-the-technologies-of-expertise-to-engage-with-civil.json","The Smarter State: How Public Agencies are Using the Technologies of Expertise to Engage with Civil",[],"2017-09-26T16:51:39","On September 13th 2017, the GovLab hosted an online conference with participants from six public institutions to learn about how they are…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*8kVSzwMX3lGg9RJkOYOrKA.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"c280\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"3685\" id=\"3685\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">The Smarter State: How Public Agencies are Using the Technologies of Expertise to Engage with Civil Servants\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"039f\" id=\"039f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">On September 13th 2017, the GovLab hosted an online conference with participants from six public institutions to learn about how they are using what we call “\u003Ca href=\"http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674286054\" data-href=\"http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674286054\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the technologies of expertise,”\u003C/a> including expert and social networks and other “\u003Ca href=\"https://wpa.wharton.upenn.edu/conference/\" data-href=\"https://wpa.wharton.upenn.edu/conference/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">people analytics\u003C/a>” software, to engage with civil servants, tap into their expertise and expertise and take advantage of what people know to work differently.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2551\" id=\"2551\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In early 2016, the GovLab published a series of case studies examining how public institutions around the world use technologies of expertise to better leverage the skills of their own employees. This web conference checked in with four of those platforms we previously profiled to learn whether they are having an impact and share their learnings about what works and what doesn’t with those in Canada, who are setting up their own platform, and those in the UK, who are exploring in the wake of Brexit how to manage knowledge in the public sector more effectively.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8b30\" id=\"8b30\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Among the participants were representatives from the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/smarterstate/epa.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/smarterstate/epa.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">EPA’s Skills Marketplace\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/smarterstate/MAX.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/smarterstate/MAX.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the Office of Management and Budget’s max.gov\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/smarterstate/skillfinder.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/smarterstate/skillfinder.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the World Bank’s Skillfinder\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/smarterstate/HHS.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/smarterstate/HHS.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the HHS’ FDA Profiles\u003C/a>, the government of Canada’s Talent Cloud as well as colleagues from the UK Ministry of Defence. A full list of participants is \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1OTGkFg0D5rjxdODib2A7Up5J1lISOBebW_NFssgjsY4/edit?usp=sharing\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1OTGkFg0D5rjxdODib2A7Up5J1lISOBebW_NFssgjsY4/edit?usp=sharing\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"6260\" id=\"6260\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*8kVSzwMX3lGg9RJkOYOrKA.png\" data-width=\"971\" data-height=\"535\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*8kVSzwMX3lGg9RJkOYOrKA.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Participants from the online conference in September 2017. T-L: Valerie Thomas and team (Talent Cloud in Canada). T-R: James King (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services). B-L: Beth Noveck (The GovLab). B-R: Pascal Saura (The World Bank). Not pictured: Noha Gaber (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce), Mark Hill (Ministry of Defense in the United Kingdom), Phil Wenger and Brendan O’Meara (U.S. Office of Management and Budget) and Philip Rogiers (Vlerick Business School). \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Photo credit: The GovLab\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"84ac\" id=\"84ac\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Takeaways\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"a012\" id=\"a012\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Complete notes from the conference are available \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/102L7YEjr_tCHFOCTzuwpcNO2wZAThZChVt1uSD4ZOeo/edit?usp=sharing\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/102L7YEjr_tCHFOCTzuwpcNO2wZAThZChVt1uSD4ZOeo/edit?usp=sharing\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a> but there were three key takeaways from the discussion.\u003C/p>\u003Col class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"41ea\" id=\"41ea\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Technologies of expertise have helped improve employee engagement and to break down traditional organizational silos\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003C/ol>\u003Cblockquote name=\"6f66\" id=\"6f66\" class=\"graf graf--pullquote graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--li\">“Of the nearly 500 cases the platform (SkillFinder)handles, 55% had to do with finding the right person to debug an issue” — Pascal Saura, Senior Knowledge Management Officer at The World Bank.\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cp name=\"d151\" id=\"d151\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--pullquote\">In every case, the platforms showed that using these platforms helped employees solve problems faster and helped managers staff projects more easily. At the World Bank for example, says Pascal Saura, Senior Knowledge Management Officer at The World Bank, a study conducted 3 years ago by the Finance and Partnership Development unit established that it takes 3 phone calls to get to the right person in the bank. Using the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/bethsimonenoveck/2015/10/01/hacking-skillfinder-using-the-world-banks-talent-network-to-reduce-poverty/#2c3c170d22a7\" data-href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/bethsimonenoveck/2015/10/01/hacking-skillfinder-using-the-world-banks-talent-network-to-reduce-poverty/#2c3c170d22a7\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">SkillFinder\u003C/a> platform brought that down to 1 phone call. Of the nearly 500 cases the platform handles, Mr Saura explained, 55% had to do with finding the right person to debug an issue. The EPA’s Skills Marketplace allows participants to work on projects in a different part of the agency for up to 20% of their time. The Skills Marketplace model, which connected managers looking to staff projects with employees looking to work on part-time projects, has been so successful, it now operates under a larger, agency-wide initiative, EPA Talent Hub, for career-development opportunities and is no longer limited to part-time projects.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4fc6\" id=\"4fc6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">2. The success of the platform is not dependent solely on the tech\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0a8c\" id=\"0a8c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Noha Gaber, former program manager of the EPA’s Skills Marketplace (and presently Chief of Staff at NOAA), pointed out that while a user-friendly tool is critical, it is equally important for managers to feel comfortable with these new ways of working and to have a robust strategy to facilitate the transition from traditional methods of working. The EPA Skills Marketplace changes how the agency works by breaking silos and enabling employees to find projects to work on from outside their own departments and by enabling managers to staff new projects with employees from other departments who have the relevant skills.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"335d\" id=\"335d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A bottom-up approach is also important to ensure the success of the platform. For GovConnect, the government-wide initiative that built on the EPA Skills Marketplace, says Ms Gaber, “Instead of setting up LinkedIn for government, we encouraged each agency to set up a system for themselves to achieve local buy-in and familiarity and then we would work to scale it up across government”.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a80c\" id=\"a80c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">3. The challenge of populating employee profiles\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5c31\" id=\"5c31\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Completed profiles including information about experience, skills and projects are crucial to connect the right people using these tools. But one of the hurdles some platforms have faced is to convince employees and managers to complete their profiles. The Skills Marketplace at the EPA, for example, requires employees to complete their profile prior to applying for a project that interests them on the platform. EPA designers complemented this requirement with training videos, demonstrations, webinars on how to update profiles to encourage employees to do it themselves.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"163d\" id=\"163d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Similarly in Canada, the Talent Cloud, a platform created by the Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat to enable project based staffing by creating a “repository of talent”, requires that users fill in their profiles once when they apply for a job and the system connects them with the right job. Alternatively, including profile completion as part of the on-boarding process is another method that can be used to explain the value of the platform and get employees to fill in their profile or notifying employees when someone looks at their information creates an incentive for them to maintain an updated profile.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0bf7\" id=\"0bf7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Others, have focussed on automating this process by using existing HR, grants and publications databases to populate an employee’s profile. But as James King, NIH Library Branch Chief pointed out, it is important to identify the markers of expertise first. The data sources that can be used to identify the skills of a researcher will be different from those to identify the skills of a program officer or those of a manager. Another concern with auto-population is disambiguation- how do does one differentiate two people with the same names? One possible solution is to design with easy-to-use protocols for employees to mark that the system has identified them erroneously.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ddba\" id=\"ddba\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Smarter State Case Studies explore the design and key features of 14 platforms from around the world; how they are being implemented; the challenges encountered by both creators and users and the anticipated impact of these new ways of working. The Smarter State case studies covered four types of online platforms:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"6f43\" id=\"6f43\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Talent Bank\u003C/strong> — Professional, social and knowledge networks\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"036a\" id=\"036a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Collaboration\u003C/strong> — Platforms for group work across silos\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d971\" id=\"d971\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Project Platforms\u003C/strong> — Places for inviting new participants to work on projects\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8005\" id=\"8005\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Toolkits\u003C/strong> — Repositories for shared content\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"6f1c\" id=\"6f1c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">You can read the case studies at \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/smarterstate.html\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/smarterstate.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">thegovlab.org/smarterstate.html\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d112\" id=\"d112\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To share a case study, please contact: \u003Ca href=\"mailto:anirudh@thegovlab.org\" data-href=\"mailto:anirudh@thegovlab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">anirudh@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"c353\" id=\"c353\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">About The GovLab\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"20c9\" id=\"20c9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">The GovLab’s mission is to improve people’s lives by changing how we govern. Our goal is to strengthen the ability of institutions — including but not limited to governments — and people to work more openly, collaboratively, effectively and legitimately to make better decisions and solve public problems. For more information, please visit: \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org./\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org./\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">thegovlab.org.\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"4e84\" id=\"4e84\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">About Smarter State\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"7e0c\" id=\"7e0c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3 graf--trailing\">New tools — what GovLab calls technologies of expertise — are making it possible to match the supply of citizen expertise to the demand for it in government. Smarter State is a GovLab initiative to design and test how public decision-making could improve if institutions knew how to use the technologies of expertise to tap the wisdom of citizens’ and civil servants. It is premised on the idea that just as individuals use only part of their brainpower to solve most problems, governing institutions make far too little use of the skills and experience of those inside and outside of government with scientific credentials, practical skills, and ground-level street smarts. New data-rich tools are making it possible to match the supply of citizen and civil servant talent to the demand for it in government to solve problems. For more information, please visit: \u003Ca href=\"http://smarterstate.org/\" data-href=\"http://smarterstate.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">smarterstate.org/\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/the-smarter-state-how-public-agencies-are-using-the-technologies-of-expertise-to-engage-with-civil",{"title":3344,"description":3347},"the-smarter-state-how-public-agencies-are-using-the-technologies-of-expertise-to-engage-with-civil","blogposts/the-smarter-state-how-public-agencies-are-using-the-technologies-of-expertise-to-engage-with-civil","LM0YNpfi95zXffo4I-aUESIFUX-TYHv3QCjAndlwrrk",{"id":3357,"title":3358,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3359,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3360,"description":3361,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3358,"image":3362,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3363,"meta":3364,"navigation":15,"path":3365,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3366,"slug":3367,"startTime":34,"stem":3368,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3369},"blogposts/blogposts/10-acknowledgements.json","10. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS",[],"2017-09-19T17:26:38","Graduate Student Team","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*BQGV2r7X9uZ_Kr_4uAQAcw.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"50c5\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"9a75\" id=\"9a75\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*BQGV2r7X9uZ_Kr_4uAQAcw.jpeg\" data-width=\"1024\" data-height=\"1024\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*BQGV2r7X9uZ_Kr_4uAQAcw.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"9e07\" id=\"9e07\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">10. CROWDLAW | ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS\u003C/h3>\u003Ch3 name=\"2126\" id=\"2126\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Graduate Student Team\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"7f17\" id=\"7f17\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Gabriella Capone, JD ’19 \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Yale Law School\u003C/em>, MBA ’19 \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Yale School of Management\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0082\" id=\"0082\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Birce Gokalp, MA ’17 \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Jackson Institute for Global Affairs at Yale University\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8aff\" id=\"8aff\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Aprille Knox, MA ’17 \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Jackson Institute for Global Affairs at Yale University\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"34a7\" id=\"34a7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">David Murdter, JD ’19 \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Yale Law School\u003C/em>, MBA ’19 \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Yale School of Management\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"835d\" id=\"835d\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Advisors\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"0513\" id=\"0513\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Professor Beth Simone Noveck, Jerry M. Hultin Professor,\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> New York University \u003C/em>and\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>Florence Rogatz Visiting Clinical Professor of Law\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, Yale Law School\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"774b\" id=\"774b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Victòria Alsina Burgués, Fellow, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Business & Government, Harvard Kennedy School\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2206\" id=\"2206\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">César Cruz, Co-Founder, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">GIGAPP\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e47b\" id=\"e47b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Miguel Ardanuy Pizarro, Representative, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Assembly of the Autonomous Community of Madrid\u003C/em> and\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>Member and Responsible for Citizen Engagement, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Podemos Parliamentary Group for the Community of Madrid\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a49b\" id=\"a49b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Alfredo Ramos, Advisor on Participation for \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Podemos, Assembly of the Autonomous Community of Madrid\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"31be\" id=\"31be\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">The Governance Innovation Clinic at Yale Law School\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cblockquote name=\"a535\" id=\"a535\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--h3\">Taught by Professor Beth Noveck, the Governance Innovation Clinic is a public policy clinic that supports the strengthening of democratic institutions by using legal and technological innovations to transform and improve how we govern. In this clinic, students work with governments and nonprofits on designing solutions to complex public problems. The goals of the clinic are three-fold: to help institutions innovate and become more effective using both big data and collective intelligence; to promote the public’s right to participate in governing in ways that access people’s talents, creativity, and interests; and to empower students to become 21st century public leaders and problem solvers armed with a diverse and powerful toolkit for social change.\u003C/blockquote>\u003Ch4 name=\"783d\" id=\"783d\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--blockquote\">We express our thanks to the following people for their support:\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"397a\" id=\"397a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Alvaro Ramírez-Alujas, Co-Founder,\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> GIGAPP\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"93a2\" id=\"93a2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Andrew Oram, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Praxagora\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2824\" id=\"2824\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Chris Wong, Director of Product, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The GovLab\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"86a1\" id=\"86a1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Cristiano Ferri Faria, Director,\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> HackerLab, Brazilian House of Representatives\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e88d\" id=\"e88d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Dinorah Cantu-Pedraza, The GovLab Academy Coordinator,\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> The GovLab\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5771\" id=\"5771\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Emilie Lemieux, Program Manager, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Open Parliament Network\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9566\" id=\"9566\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Hélène Landemore, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Associate Professor of Political Science\u003C/em> at Yale University, and her PhD students\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"05a0\" id=\"05a0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Members and guests of Yale Law School’s Governance Innovation Clinic\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3cb3\" id=\"3cb3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Parliamentarians and civil society members who participated in our session on Smart Parliaments at ParlAmericas Second Annual Gathering of the Open Parliament Network, April 2017\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c4b3\" id=\"c4b3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Participants in “\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1rv1mqgnMDw5QjQrNEWYP2kRuqbIyc_FqV7qsmX1GwQM/edit#heading=h.or1al3z7fn0n\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1rv1mqgnMDw5QjQrNEWYP2kRuqbIyc_FqV7qsmX1GwQM/edit#heading=h.or1al3z7fn0n\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Public Engagement in Anti-corruption Efforts\u003C/a>,” part of a series of \u003Ca href=\"http://anticorruption.smartercrowdsourcing.org/en/register.html\" data-href=\"http://anticorruption.smartercrowdsourcing.org/en/register.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Smarter Crowdsourcing Against Anti-Corruption\u003C/a> conferences, June 2017\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"b295\" id=\"b295\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">We would also like to thank the following organizations for their support:\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"516b\" id=\"516b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">The Challenge to Design a Technological Agora Study Group and the Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Business & Government, Harvard Kennedy School\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"386e\" id=\"386e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">GIGAPP\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9509\" id=\"9509\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Governance Lab at New York University\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a1e7\" id=\"a1e7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Open Parliament Network and the ParlAmericas team\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c769\" id=\"c769\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Podemos\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3107\" id=\"3107\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Yale Law School\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8f74\" id=\"8f74\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">The Jackson Institute for Global Affairs at Yale University\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"0e82\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"7f0b\" id=\"7f0b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This is the last post in this seri\u003C/em>es.\u003C/strong> \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">To go to the first post in the series and table of contents click \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/10-acknowledgements",{"title":3358,"description":3361},"10-acknowledgements","blogposts/10-acknowledgements","IMJqw8G9RzACLwa7OnVhOclBePrH5kOSdzVwnWAESCQ",{"id":3371,"title":3372,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3373,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3374,"description":3375,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3372,"image":3376,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3377,"meta":3378,"navigation":15,"path":3379,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3380,"slug":3381,"startTime":34,"stem":3382,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3383},"blogposts/blogposts/9-an-agenda-for-research-and-experimentation.json","9. AN AGENDA FOR RESEARCH AND EXPERIMENTATION",[],"2017-09-19T17:22:17","Finally, we highlight valuable directions for further research and experimentation in crowdlaw.","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*R_PvyexH20cL0JX-PzbzCw.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"22f0\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"3554\" id=\"3554\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*R_PvyexH20cL0JX-PzbzCw.jpeg\" data-width=\"1024\" data-height=\"1024\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*R_PvyexH20cL0JX-PzbzCw.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"b53a\" id=\"b53a\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">9. AN AGENDA FOR RESEARCH AND EXPERIMENTATION\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"68b9\" id=\"68b9\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">Finally, we highlight valuable directions for further research and experimentation in crowdlaw.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"51aa\" id=\"51aa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This is a draft version of the report (dated October 12, 2017) and will be updated in November.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"68e7\" id=\"68e7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">By exploiting technology to engage a broader and more diverse constituency in the process of proposing, drafting, editing and informing legislation, crowdlaw has the \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">potential \u003C/em>to (1) enhance the effectiveness, legitimacy, and accountability of lawmaking practices and to (2) transform fundamentally the source of authority undergirding the legislative process. Three broad hypotheses have informed our work:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"10d1\" id=\"10d1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">● Lawmaking that is participatory is more effective because it brings more diverse ideas and information to bear.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1ec7\" id=\"1ec7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">● Lawmaking that is participatory is more legitimate because it engages broader groups of participants.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3ac6\" id=\"3ac6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">● Lawmaking that is participatory is more accountable because it subjects the process of crafting laws and regulations to greater scrutiny.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"db0d\" id=\"db0d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Yet as much as government of, by and for the people is an aspiration in a democracy and in every strand of participatory democratic theory, we have very little understanding of the actual impact of crowdlaw because tech-enabled engagement in parliamentary procedure is so new. More specifically, we lack empirical evidence of how changes in process affect outcomes of the engagement and of how to design and use crowdlaw in order to enhance rather than denigrate the legislative process. More research is both feasible and needed, especially given the ability to run controlled trials by modifying the platforms used to run engagement processes.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0127\" id=\"0127\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Thus, in this section, we offer a sketch of a future research agenda on crowdlaw, some discussion of the methods for studying crowdlaw, and a suggested role that the Open Assembly Lab could play in supporting the research necessary to understand and evolve Spain’s crowdlaw policies, platforms, and practices.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"6411\" id=\"6411\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Crowdsourcing for public and administrative decision-making\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"c727\" id=\"c727\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Crowdlaw, of course, is based on the term \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">crowdsourcing\u003C/em>, coined in 2006.¹ Generally, crowdsourcing is the outsourcing of a function usually performed by employees of an organization to a “crowd” (people outside the organization) by means of an open call. There is a growing literature on crowdsourcing, open innovation, and the use of technology to enable group work. Scholars such as Karim Lakhani,² Kevin Boudreau,³ Henry Chesbrough,⁴ and John Prpic⁵ and write about the role of the crowd in enabling business innovation. In its application to business and science, particularly in the management and social psychology literature, crowdsourcing has been shown to have a demonstrable effect on problem-solving capacity, as well as on the speed, accuracy, and diversity of ideas generated.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"db72\" id=\"db72\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">There are various styles of crowdsourcing, including challenges and contests, which articulate a problem, solicit many solutions and pick a winner among them. Such contests work well when it is not obvious what combination of skills or even which technical approach yield the best solution for a problem; such was the case in the TopCoder Immunogenics Challenge, which yielded 89 novel computational solutions to the stated problem in two weeks. 30 of those submissions exceeded the benchmark performance of the US National Institutes of Health and none were from academic or industrial computational biologists. But beyond spurring greater innovation through competition, crowdsourcing can also involve coordinating collaboration on a shared product such as Wikipedia, where the goal is to scale the number of people contributing. Finally, in addition to competition and collaboration, crowdsourcing can refer to asking a group to solve a problem to which many additive solutions are needed, such as the creation of multiple apps.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8829\" id=\"8829\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Now crowdsourcing is becoming part and parcel of standard practices in the public sector, too. Preliminary research shows that crowdsourcing, because it expands the number and diversity of problem-solvers, is also leading to positive outcomes in administrative decision-making including the uses of crowdsourced information to improve the examination of patents, of crowdsourced problem-solving to tackle difficult questions posed by upwards of 750 federal agencies, and of crowdsourcing of policy ideas. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">For a robust, succinct review of such efforts we recommend Helen Liu’s “\u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/puar.12808/full\" data-href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/puar.12808/full\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Crowdsourcing Government: Lessons from Multiple Disciplines\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.”⁶\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f25f\" id=\"f25f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Other scholars have since written extensively about technology-enabled engagement, most notably: Hélène Landemore,⁷ Daren Brabham,⁸ ⁹ Tanja Aitamurto,¹⁰ and Ines Mergel. The study of tech-enabled public engagement as it applies to lawmaking and the work of legislatures, however, is only in its infancy. Most notably, Cristiano Ferri produced an extensive monograph addressing the interaction between contemporary democratic tradition, technological innovation, and citizen participation.¹¹ The scholarship also includes Landemore and Aitamurto’s survey of the crowdsourcing of an off-road law in Finland, providing a key assessment of participant motivations and impressions.¹²\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"d7f2\" id=\"d7f2\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Improving coordination and methods in crowdlaw research\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"2dd5\" id=\"2dd5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">In order to make sense of the evolving field of crowdlaw we need, as MIT professor Tom Malone et al. say about online collaboration generally, to “map the genome” of public participation in lawmaking practices.¹³ That is to say, research is needed to catalog and organize systematically the different components of participatory lawmaking practices according to a common taxonomy that can be used to study them (in the same way as open innovation researchers have done for the study of crowdsourcing in business or that social psychologists have done when describing different forms of group work).¹⁴\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0b0c\" id=\"0b0c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Given, first, the traditionally deep distrust of groups endemic to the social psychology literature on “groupthink,” which condemns the presumed tendency of groups to drift to extreme positions,¹⁵ and second, the heretofore fairly poor design of engagement processes such as electronic petitions,¹⁶ it is not self-evident that participatory lawmaking practices lead to improvement. Rather, there is a need to study them and assess whether and under what circumstances crowdlaw impacts the lawmaking process. In this report, we have used a six-factor framework for organizing and describing the case studies, but the taxonomy needs to be expanded and deepened.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6b00\" id=\"6b00\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To review, our case studies are organized by (1) the task the crowd is asked to perform (e.g., comment or draft), (2) the method (e.g., participatory budgeting or consensus council), (3) the stage of the lawmaking process (e.g., agenda-setting, monitoring), (4) the tech platform (e.g., mobile or web), (5) the legal framework (e.g., institutionalized participation or ad hoc) and (6) the evaluation of impact (e.g., formal evaluations, if any).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f4b6\" id=\"f4b6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As we expand our analysis of available cases and conduct more in-depth research, we would advocate looking at eleven factors in much greater detail. These would give us a more granular way to understand crowdsourcing practices and to study them. This taxonomy requires further consultation and deliberation with scholars and practitioners to refine.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"722f\" id=\"722f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We would propose looking at the following 11 attributes of crowdlaw:\u003C/p>\u003Col class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"21d0\" id=\"21d0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Ownership:\u003C/strong> We hypothesize that projects run and controlled by the parliament itself have better outcomes because they are integrated into the workflow of the legislature. So, we want to code each example based on who runs the process. Crowdlaw has been practiced by traditional legislatures but also by political parties and by activist groups, wanting to build a base of support for a particular piece of legislation.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"54c5\" id=\"54c5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Audience: \u003C/strong>We hypothesize that, in the absence of active steps to invite participation from diverse audiences, participation will be largely male and upper middle-class. Thus we need to develop a way of describing the demographics and other attributes such as expertise of crowdlaw participants. This builds on earlier work done to ‘unmask the crowd’ studied a crowdsourced law-reform initiative in Finland and found that it mostly involved educated professional males.¹⁷ A study of female participants on Change.org found that while female participation was higher than expected in “thin participation” (e.g. signing petitions) but underrepresented in “thick participation” (e.g. petition creation).¹⁸\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"384c\" id=\"384c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Incentives: \u003C/strong>There is a great deal of social psychology and management literature on the relative value of extrinsic versus intrinsic incentives as a motivator for participating in online communities, generally, but nothing specific to the legislative process.¹⁹ ²⁰ ²¹ Thus, we want to know what are the most effective incentives to entice the public to engage in participatory lawmaking. To design participatory governing processes for the digital age, researchers must dig into the age-old question of human motivation. We hypothesize that clearly defined rules of procedure (guidance), an understanding of the relevance of one’s participation to the ultimate outcome (relevance), and the ability to make a difference (impact) are primary motivators for repeated engagement.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f834\" id=\"f834\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Task: \u003C/strong>What is the participatory task? In some cases, the participating public is asked to propose legislation and in others to help with drafting. In other cases, legislation is written by professional staff by commented on and edited by the public. There no common understanding of the impact of task-type in a legislative crowdsourcing context. We need to understand which of these practices work better than others and the hallmarks of success and failure.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d8ac\" id=\"d8ac\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Law type:\u003C/strong> What is the type of law being produced? There are new participatory experiments involving the crafting of regulations, legislation, and constitutions, all of which have the binding force of law. We want to understand the impact of the type and political status of the law, such as comparing participatory constitution drafting with participatory legislating. We should easily be able to flesh out the taxonomy to describe different types of lawmaking as well as to code for who introduced the legislation. It will be key to understand whether, when it comes to other factors such as task or audience or incentive, participatory constitution drafting holds much in common with participatory legislating.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b0a0\" id=\"b0a0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Topic:\u003C/strong> What is the subject matter of the law being drafted? In many cases, crowdlaw processes are adopted in connection with the formulation of laws proposed by the executive and in others by those proposed by the legislative. Some are controversial bills and others quite apolitical. We can easily assess the level and quality of engagement when bills are highly contested and polarizing versus when they are not.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"fcb7\" id=\"fcb7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Feedback: \u003C/strong>What feedback is provided to participants? To understand the role that feedback plays by looking at whether and how the parliament provided feedback and the impact of such communication on whether people participate and whether they return.²² Some crowdlaw processes have the public making contributions without a response from the institution; others involve generalized responses, and others specific feedback. The goal is to track what is taking place and which systems seem to create more incentives to join and to return, with the hypothesis that more government response and interaction will increase participation and frequency.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"217a\" id=\"217a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Platform: \u003C/strong>Tracking who is using what kind of platform, from web-based to SMS-based. We can also interview platform owners and designers to learn more about why, considering the diverse open free tools for crowdsourcing available, do some organizations prefer developing their own tool? What are the most common/effective crowdlaw’ tools available? Are they based in open-source or proprietary technology? What kind of interactions have been used in crowdlaw experiments, and what results they bring about?\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4878\" id=\"4878\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Legislative stage:\u003C/strong> Tracking the stage of the lawmaking process at which engagement is sought. At present, we know that most crowdlaw is taking place at the proposal-making or drafting stage. But, as more projects come online, are they occurring at other stages of the legislative lifecycle, such as monitoring or evaluation and which practices attract more and more robust participation. Although most crowdlaw practices today involve commenting on drafts, we hypothesize that unexplored territory — namely, using the public to monitor and evaluate the impact of legislation and contribute information to developing legislative solutions prior to drafting — are likely to be robust areas of opportunity.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3b35\" id=\"3b35\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Timing: \u003C/strong>How long was the opportunity to participate? What is the impact of shorter versus longer participation timeframes at different stages of the lawmaking process? For example, does having too long depress participation or does having too little time increase frustration? Also, should participation be divided up into multiple phases? For example, the Ministry of the Environment and the Committee for the Future in the Finnish Parliament initiated a crowdsourced off-road traffic law reform in Finland in 2013. About 700 Finns participated in the law-reform process online by sharing their ideas, knowledge and perspectives about off-road traffic. The participants shared about 500 ideas, 4,000 comments and 19,000 votes in the crowdsourcing process. The process was divided into three phases.²³ More work is needed to compare single versus multi-stage processes.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e734\" id=\"e734\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Training: \u003C/strong>What is the impact of training? What is the impact of framing the issue of engagement prior to participation? Does providing a short tutorial on a topic increase the quality of public inputs? How can training accommodate varying learning processes and abilities? Training should not only be a consideration for citizens, but for public officials too, as they may need context to understand a crowdlaw platform or how best to make use of the crowdlaw initiative in their work. We hypothesize that training prior to engagement increases the quality of participation and usefulness of inputs received from the public.\u003C/li>\u003C/ol>\u003Cp name=\"75b9\" id=\"75b9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">An expanded research project will create an evidence base that can help us to understand the design elements of a crowdlaw process and to draw generalizable conclusions about when, where, and which practices produce results in line with the initiators’ goals. These research results could enable legislatures to decide which forms of crowdlaw to adopt and scale.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"211f\" id=\"211f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We want to understand how to design an effective crowdlaw process and, at the same time, generate empirical insights to inform reflection about the impact of engagement on the legitimacy of lawmaking. There is always the risk that engagement exercises are mere “democracy theatre” that are employed to make institutions appear more legitimate. These kinds of participation are to real engagement as “Kabuki theatre is to human passions,” writes the former general counsel of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), E. Donald Elliott. They are “a highly stylized process for displaying in a formal way the essence of something which in real life takes place in other venues.”²⁴\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e6e4\" id=\"e6e4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This so-called “crowd-washing” can be dispelled by generating meaningful insights about the effects of crowdlaw on both institutions and individuals. Do participants learn about lawmaking? Do they change their political views? Does it enhance participants’ trust in politics and in government? Does it enhance public awareness of topics involved in policy discussions? Are there harmful results? Similar questions need to be asked and examined from an institutional perspective, inquiring whether institutions and those who work for them view participation as helping the effectiveness and efficiency of the system. In addition to such qualitative measures, we can, over the long run, also study the effectiveness of legislation created using crowdlaw and determine its value, using such measures as whether it was more or less subject to litigation and judicial review, whether it was eventually amended, and whether it, in fact, achieved its stated goals more effectively.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2b42\" id=\"2b42\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Methods for Studying Crowdlaw\u003C/em>: \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Research in the Wild\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"69e4\" id=\"69e4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To advance research into how real-world institutions such as legislatures could use technology to engage with the public, we need to accelerate the design and execution of experiments that will help us to understand whether, in fact, obtaining diverse public input through the Internet improves the legitimacy and efficacy of governing processes. Even more powerful forms of evaluation are possible, because these systems are run largely on digital tech-based platforms. Thus, it is possible to design experiments and instrument crowdlaw software to construct controlled trials. Technology makes is easier to accelerate the speed and scale of empirical observations and data collection.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"438b\" id=\"438b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We lack empirical evidence of how changes in process affect outcomes of the engagement and of how to design and use crowdlaw in order to enhance rather than denigrate the legislative process. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Randomized control trials (RCTs)\u003C/strong> will shed empirical insight on how to design crowdlaw processes, practices, and policies. Scientific analytical methods from across a variety of fields, including the social sciences (especially what is called “crowd science”), data science, and systems modeling, will be used to draw insight from the collected data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ab81\" id=\"ab81\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To understand how RCTs might be used in connection with crowdlaw, take a few examples. It is conceivable to have a platform that randomizes people into participation opportunities at different stages of the lawmaking process. Thus, I might be given the chance to comment on one law but elsewhere be invited to monitor implementation of the law. We could imagine testing different prompts by randomizing public participants into two groups — one that is encouraged to participate for the good of the country and another for the chance of winning a prize in an effort to understand incentives better. Take, as a third example, the question of the role that feedback plays in creating incentives to participate. We could easily imagine constructing an experiment whereby half the participants receive a reply from the parliament about how their feedback was used and half do not in an effort to measure whether such participants are more or less likely to participate again.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f826\" id=\"f826\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Previously spurned by the academic and public sector as potentially reckless, testing crowdlaw interventions using RCTs and other experimental designs, when done well and with ethical sensitivity, can help to forestall bad designs, wasted taxpayer dollars, and, perhaps worst of all, greater frustration and distrust of government.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"943c\" id=\"943c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">There is sufficient innovation taking place around the world to enable more \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">natural experiments\u003C/strong> during which researchers observe the differences between naturally occurring crowdlaw projects in different jurisdictions. Depth of participation differs between crowdlaw projects, by design. For example, We the Citizens in Ireland, Participatory Decentralization in Montevideo, and the forthcoming Citizens Assemblies on Brexit in the UK all select citizens to partake in consultations, whereas other systems like GovTogetherBC in Canada, Barcelona Decidim, and Better Reykjavik have open calls to citizens. This diversity allows comparisons across projects. Of course, given the multivariate nature of crowdlaw, causation cannot be inferred with certainty in such cases. But they provide useful real-life case studies that avoid the challenges of simulating complex forms of engagement.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2700\" id=\"2700\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The \u003Ca href=\"https://www.opengovpartnership.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.opengovpartnership.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Government Partnership\u003C/a> and the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ndi.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.ndi.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">National Democratic Institute \u003C/a>are working across the Western Hemisphere to promote legislative transparency and openness, giving parliaments the tools, education, and support to do so.²⁵ OGP has generated 2800 commitments across 159 National Action Plans, which include promoting legislative openness and, increasingly, citizen engagement by parliaments.²⁶ \u003Ca href=\"https://en.ciudadanointeligente.org/\" data-href=\"https://en.ciudadanointeligente.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Fundación Ciudadano Inteligente\u003C/a> is managing ten transparency, accountability, and participation platforms across Chile and Brazil, including a platform under development that will enable participation in policy implementation in the local government context.²⁷ Additionally, organizations such as \u003Ca href=\"http://directoriolegislativo.org/\" data-href=\"http://directoriolegislativo.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Directorio Legislativo\u003C/a> are monitoring debates and information flows across 18 countries in Latin America, using consensus-building and partnership with advocacy organizations to increase data available on topics being legislated.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5507\" id=\"5507\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">With tech-based engagement such as online engagement platforms, it also becomes easier to undertake qualitative experiments, including the dissemination of surveys and questionnaires to participants pre- and post-engagement to inquire about their motivations or to test their level of political and civic knowledge pre- and post-participation. It is also possible to inquire of participants who sign up but never participate or to ask questions of those who are more or less active participants.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"39d8\" id=\"39d8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As crowdlaw initiatives proliferate, it will become faster and easier to replicate these experiments at greater scale and frequency.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2bee\" id=\"2bee\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Role of the Open Assembly Lab\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3128\" id=\"3128\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To institutionalize crowdlaw in practice requires a parallel effort to undertake mixed-methods research to learn what works at each stage of the lawmaking process. Thus, we can envision, for example, testing myriad questions in practice as the Assembly begins to roll out new crowdlaw mechanisms. Effectively undertaking such research will require collaboration between the academy and government, to design experiments and implement them in practice.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d4c1\" id=\"d4c1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To advance research on crowdlaw and, in turn, assess and evolve its own crowdlaw practices, the Open Assembly Lab should therefore:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d45e\" id=\"d45e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">1) Create a global research advisory network to work with multidisciplinary researchers from law, political science, computer science, human-computer interaction, sociology, and other relevant fields to design ethical and implementable experiments in conjunction with the roll-out of crowdlaw practices.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2263\" id=\"2263\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">2) Establish a data collection mechanism for accumulating the data thrown off by citizen engagement processes and, subject to privacy guarantees, open up that data to the research community to study.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2c58\" id=\"2c58\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">3) Require all researchers using this data to, in turn, share their own data and results and make their methods transparent.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c5cb\" id=\"c5cb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">4) Work with the advisory network to establish data standards and a data dictionary to ensure that the resulting data can be compared.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bb5a\" id=\"bb5a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">5) Reach out to practitioners in other jurisdictions to encourage similar data standardization and sharing efforts and to catalyze research experiments across jurisdictions.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"94d6\" id=\"94d6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">6) Create a research fellowship or grant program and invite proposals from those beyond the advisory network who wish to undertake advanced research on crowdlaw. Such opportunities should, in particular, target younger, more diverse, and interdisciplinary researchers and support collaboration between researchers and parliamentary staff.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0071\" id=\"0071\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">7) Hire staff for the Assembly with training in research methods and train all staff in how and when to use RCTs and other experimental design methods so as to create a sensibility for and awareness of the value of research. Where academics cannot be brought into government, however, the Assembly should push questions and accompanying data out to them in the field.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e388\" id=\"e388\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">8) Report data and relevant aggregate statistics from experiments at the Lab and other institutions to the Assembly and the Spanish public.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f56d\" id=\"f56d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">9) Develop and publish ethical guidelines for conducting research involving public participants. Rules on ethical but efficient administration of research need to be clarified.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"700e\" id=\"700e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">10) Disclose all information collection and conduct research consistent with European and Spanish law and human rights values in order that participants know when they are participating in a research experiment.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"41f0\" id=\"41f0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In addition to its value for how we design democratic institutions, crowdlaw research will advance scholarship in legal academy by addressing the impact of technology on legislative processes. Second, by advancing our understanding of how and why groups collaborate online, crowdlaw will also represent a contribution to the empirical social sciences. This work is urgently needed because we know that crowdlaw practices, in many cases, do not seem to be working well and lack established criteria for evaluation. Thus, crowdsourcing in the legislative arena is a ripe and important area for research with the potential to advance and build a field of study and, at the same time, have contemporaneous impact for public institutions.\u003Cbr> \u003Cbr> Because of the potential to help institutions innovate at a time when the world is desperate for a re-imagining of democratic mechanisms, crowdlaw has the potential to transform lawmaking radically by injecting more and more diverse sources of ideas, information, and expertise into the lawmaking process at every stage. With rates of trust in government at all-time lows, the weakening legitimacy of traditional representative models of lawmaking, typically dominated by political party agendas and conducted by professional staff and politicians working behind closed doors, is called into question. There is frequent critique of the absence of democratic legitimacy in the lawmaking process, a concern which only grows with the delegation of power to unelected agencies to craft the rules that implement legislation.,\u003Cbr> \u003Cbr> In the face of increasingly complex challenges, rapid social change and technological innovation, governments must find new ways to do more with less, innovating in how they work. Thus, it is not enough to experiment with new policies in the laboratory of democracy if we use the same beakers. We need to change the processes by which we make policy and deliver services for the public good. The explosion of crowdlaw initiatives has already created the opportunity for “when.” Now, empirical yet agile research in the wild is the route to knowing “how.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f564\" id=\"f564\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">- Gabriella Capone and Beth Noveck\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"09d5\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"fa3b\" id=\"fa3b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Next posts in the series:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"fa06\" id=\"fa06\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">#10. \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-about-acknowledgements-4909a5463721\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-about-acknowledgements-4909a5463721\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw | Acknowledgements\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"3f2c\" id=\"3f2c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Or go to the first post in the series and table of contents \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"f07a\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"ab16\" id=\"ab16\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading\">Footnotes\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"49d5\" id=\"49d5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">¹ Jeff Howe, “The Rise of Crowdsourcing,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Wired Magazine,\u003C/em> June 1,\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>2006, 1–4. Available at: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/2006/06/crowds/\" data-href=\"https://www.wired.com/2006/06/crowds/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.wired.com/2006/06/crowds/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7dd5\" id=\"7dd5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">² Andrea Blasco, Olivia S. Jung, Karim R. Lakhani and Michael Menietti, “Motivating Effort in Contributing to Public Goods Inside Organizations: Field Experimental Evidence” (Working Paper №22189, National Bureau of Economic Research\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, \u003C/em>April 2016). Available at: \u003Ca href=\"http://www.nber.org/papers/w22189\" data-href=\"http://www.nber.org/papers/w22189\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.nber.org/papers/w22189\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4811\" id=\"4811\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">³ Kevin J Boudreau and Karim R. Lakhani, “Using the Crowd as an Innovation Partner,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Harvard Business Review, \u003C/em>91:4 (2013): 61–69. Available at: \u003Ca href=\"https://hbr.org/2013/04/using-the-crowd-as-an-innovation-partner\" data-href=\"https://hbr.org/2013/04/using-the-crowd-as-an-innovation-partner\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://hbr.org/2013/04/using-the-crowd-as-an-innovation-partner\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"00cd\" id=\"00cd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁴ Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from Technology, (Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 2003).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"500a\" id=\"500a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁵ John Prpić, Prashant P. Shukla, Jan H. Kietzmann, and Ian P. McCarthy, “How to Work a Crowd: Developing Crowd Capital through Crowdsourcing,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Business Horizons\u003C/em> 58:1, 2015: 77–85. Available at: \u003Ca href=\"https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=yiueCGUAAAAJ&citation_for_view=yiueCGUAAAAJ:vV6vV6tmYwMC\" data-href=\"https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=yiueCGUAAAAJ&citation_for_view=yiueCGUAAAAJ:vV6vV6tmYwMC\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=yiueCGUAAAAJ&citation_for_view=yiueCGUAAAAJ:vV6vV6tmYwMC\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cf8c\" id=\"cf8c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁶ Helen K. Liu, “Crowdsourcing Government: Lessons from Multiple Disciplines,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Public Administration Review \u003C/em>(July 2017).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8131\" id=\"8131\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁷ Hélène Landemore, “Inclusive Constitution‐Making: The Icelandic Experiment,” Journal of Political Philosophy 23:2 (June, 2016): 166–191. Available at: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Helene_Landemore/publication/264715817_Inclusive_Constitution-Making_The_Icelandic_Experiment/links/56ab7e4708ae8f386569b7d2.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Helene_Landemore/publication/264715817_Inclusive_Constitution-Making_The_Icelandic_Experiment/links/56ab7e4708ae8f386569b7d2.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Helene_Landemore/publication/264715817_Inclusive_Constitution-Making_The_Icelandic_Experiment/links/56ab7e4708ae8f386569b7d2.pdf\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7399\" id=\"7399\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁸ Daren C. Brabham, “Motivations for Participation in a Crowdsourcing Application to Improve Public Engagement in Transit Planning,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Journal of Applied Communication Research\u003C/em> 40:3: 307–28.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"34c6\" id=\"34c6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁹ Daren C. Brabham, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Crowdsourcing in the Public Sector\u003C/em> (Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 2015).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d8a8\" id=\"d8a8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹⁰ Tanja Aitamurto, “Crowdsourcing for Democracy: A New Era in Policy-Making,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Parliament of Finland, Committee for the Future \u003C/em>(2012). Available at: \u003Ca href=\"http://cddrl.fsi.stanford.edu/publications/crowdsourcing_for_democracy_new_era_in_policymaking\" data-href=\"http://cddrl.fsi.stanford.edu/publications/crowdsourcing_for_democracy_new_era_in_policymaking\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://cddrl.fsi.stanford.edu/publications/crowdsourcing_for_democracy_new_era_in_policymaking\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d4ac\" id=\"d4ac\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹¹ Cristiano Ferri Soares de Faria, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Open Parliament in the Age of the Internet: Can the People Now Collaborate with Legislatures in Lawmaking?\u003C/em> (Brasília: Câmara dos Deputados Edições Câmara, 2013). Available at: \u003Ca href=\"http://bd.camara.gov.br/bd/handle/bdcamara/12756.\" data-href=\"http://bd.camara.gov.br/bd/handle/bdcamara/12756.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://bd.camara.gov.br/bd/handle/bdcamara/12756.\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2d84\" id=\"2d84\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹² Tanja Aitamurto and Hélène Landemore, “Crowdsourced Deliberation: The Case of the Law on Off-Road Traffic in Finland,”\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> Policy & Internet \u003C/em>8:2\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>(June 2015): 174–196. Available at: \u003Ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/poi3.115/abstract\" data-href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/poi3.115/abstract\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/poi3.115/abstract\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"63c9\" id=\"63c9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹³ Thomas W. Malone, Robert Laubacher, and Chrysanthos Dellarocas, “Harnessing Crowds:Mapping the Genome of Collective Intelligence,” (\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">MIT Center for Collective Intelligence Working Paper\u003C/em>, 2009).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d067\" id=\"d067\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹⁴ Richard Hackman, “A Normative Model of Work Team Effectiveness,” (\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Yale School of Management Research Program on Group Effectiveness, Technical Report #2, \u003C/em>November 1983).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"29de\" id=\"29de\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹⁵ Richard Hackman and Nancy Katz, “Group Behavior and Performance,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Handbook of Social Psychology, Volume 2\u003C/em>, (Wiley: Hoboken, NJ), 2010: 1208–1252.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2dbf\" id=\"2dbf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹⁶ Beth Simone Noveck, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Smarter Citizens, Smarter State: The Technologies of Expertise and the Future of Governing\u003C/em>, (Harvard University Press: Boston, MA), 2015: 75–77.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cc3b\" id=\"cc3b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹⁷ Tanja Aitamurto, Hélène Landemore and Jorge Saldivar Galli, “Unmasking the crowd: participants’ motivation factors, expectations, and profile in a Crowdsourced law reform” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Information, Communication & Society \u003C/em>20:8 (2017): 1239–1260. Available at: \u003Ca href=\"http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369118X.2016.1228993\" data-href=\"http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369118X.2016.1228993\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369118X.2016.1228993\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c76e\" id=\"c76e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹⁸ Jonathan Mellon, Hollie Russon Gilman, Fredrik M. Sjoberg and Tiago Peixoto, “Gender and Political Mobilization Online: Participation and Policy Success on a Global Petitioning Platform,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Harvard Kennedy School Ash Center Occasional Papers\u003C/em> (July 2017): 1–49. Available at: \u003Ca href=\"https://ash.harvard.edu/files/ash/files/gender_and_political_mobilization_online.pdf\" data-href=\"https://ash.harvard.edu/files/ash/files/gender_and_political_mobilization_online.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://ash.harvard.edu/files/ash/files/gender_and_political_mobilization_online.pdf\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b866\" id=\"b866\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹⁹ Lena Mamykina, Bella Manoim, Manas Mittal, George Hripcsak and Björn Hartmann, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“\u003C/em>Design Lessons from the Fastest Q&A Site in the West” (paper presented at\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Proceedings, Vancouver, BC, Canada, May 7–12, 2011)\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em> Available at: \u003Ca href=\"https://people.eecs.berkeley.edu/~bjoern/papers/mamykina-stackoverflow-chi2011.pdf\" data-href=\"https://people.eecs.berkeley.edu/~bjoern/papers/mamykina-stackoverflow-chi2011.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://people.eecs.berkeley.edu/~bjoern/papers/mamykina-stackoverflow-chi2011.pdf\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"67a7\" id=\"67a7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">²⁰ Kevin J. Boudreau, Nicola Lacetera and Karim R. Lakhani, “Incentives and Problem Uncertainty in Innovation Contests: An Empirical Analysis,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Management Science\u003C/em> 57:5 (May 2011): 843–863. Available at: \u003Ca href=\"http://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=39248\" data-href=\"http://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=39248\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=39248\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e882\" id=\"e882\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">²¹ Al Mamunur Rashid, Kimberly Ling, Regina D Tassone, Paul Resnick, Robert Kraut and John Riedl, “Motivating Participation by Displaying the Value of Contribution” (paper presented at Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Montréal, Québec, Canada, April 22–28, 2006. Available at: \u003Ca href=\"http://presnick.people.si.umich.edu/papers/CHI06/rashidAl.pdf\" data-href=\"http://presnick.people.si.umich.edu/papers/CHI06/rashidAl.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://presnick.people.si.umich.edu/papers/CHI06/rashidAl.pdf\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"af6e\" id=\"af6e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">²² Cliff Lampe and Erik Johnston, “Follow the (Slash)Dot: Effects of Feedback on New Members in an Online Community” (paper presented at Proceedings of the International ACM SIGgroup Conference on Supporting Group Work Proceedings, New York, NY, November 6–9, 2005). Available at: \u003Ca href=\"http://students.lti.cs.cmu.edu/11899/files/cp3a-p11-lampe.pdf\" data-href=\"http://students.lti.cs.cmu.edu/11899/files/cp3a-p11-lampe.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://students.lti.cs.cmu.edu/11899/files/cp3a-p11-lampe.pdf\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"70db\" id=\"70db\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">²³ Tanja Aitamurto, Hélène Landemore, David Lee and Ashish Goel\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">,\u003C/em> “Seven Lessons from the Crowdsourced Law Reform in Finland,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Governance Lab, \u003C/em>October 30, 2013. Available at: \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/seven-lessons-from-the-crowdsourced-law-reform-in-finland/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/seven-lessons-from-the-crowdsourced-law-reform-in-finland/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://thegovlab.org/seven-lessons-from-the-crowdsourced-law-reform-in-finland/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9138\" id=\"9138\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">²⁴ E. Donald Elliott, “Re- Inventing Rulemaking,” Duke Law Journal 41(1992): 1490, 1492\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ca09\" id=\"ca09\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">²⁵ “Legislative Openness,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Open Governance Partnership\u003C/em>, 2017, accessed July 26, 2017, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.opengovpartnership.org/about/working-groups/legislative-openness-0\" data-href=\"https://www.opengovpartnership.org/about/working-groups/legislative-openness-0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.opengovpartnership.org/about/working-groups/legislative-openness-0\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8a49\" id=\"8a49\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">²⁶ “OGP Process Step 2: Develop an Action Plan,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Open Governance Partnership\u003C/em>, January 2016, accessed July 26, 2017, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.opengovpartnership.org/resources/ogp-process-step-2-develop-action-plan\" data-href=\"https://www.opengovpartnership.org/resources/ogp-process-step-2-develop-action-plan\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.opengovpartnership.org/resources/ogp-process-step-2-develop-action-plan\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c625\" id=\"c625\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">²⁷ Conversation with Pablo Collada, July 2017.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/9-an-agenda-for-research-and-experimentation",{"title":3372,"description":3375},"9-an-agenda-for-research-and-experimentation","blogposts/9-an-agenda-for-research-and-experimentation","JFgZqY8LIhO6CjcTSQlGIZCiyaDoTYrGoyUak6YyZxQ",{"id":3385,"title":3386,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3387,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3388,"description":3389,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3386,"image":3390,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3391,"meta":3392,"navigation":15,"path":3393,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3394,"slug":3395,"startTime":34,"stem":3396,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3397},"blogposts/blogposts/7-25-global-citizen-engagement-case-studies.json","7. 25 GLOBAL CITIZEN ENGAGEMENT CASE STUDIES",[],"2017-09-19T17:04:12","This section summarizes findings from analyzing 25 examples of public engagement in lawmaking using an original taxonomy. An expanded…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*jHBO7iQjOrs6t3SfuihaDQ.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"55e5\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"03e6\" id=\"03e6\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*jHBO7iQjOrs6t3SfuihaDQ.jpeg\" data-width=\"1024\" data-height=\"1024\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*jHBO7iQjOrs6t3SfuihaDQ.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"eb3e\" id=\"eb3e\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">7. CROWDLAW | 25 GLOBAL CITIZEN ENGAGEMENT CASE STUDIES\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"d5e2\" id=\"d5e2\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">This section summarizes findings from analyzing 25 examples of public engagement in lawmaking using an original taxonomy. An expanded taxonomy is discussed in the final section (Research Agenda). Detailed case study descriptions are available in \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1O78APjyL2wArEUgsZLYjnDnbWY23eh7NNjiVfLBvXZU/edit?usp=sharing\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1O78APjyL2wArEUgsZLYjnDnbWY23eh7NNjiVfLBvXZU/edit?usp=sharing\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--h4-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Appendix I\u003C/a>.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"5f62\" id=\"5f62\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This is a draft version of the report (dated October 12, 2017) and will be updated in November.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3099\" id=\"3099\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To identify relevant cases of crowdlaw in action, we solicited advice from Podemos regarding the cases they had reviewed in developing their draft law, as well as from our team of advisors. In addition, we drew upon existing knowledge bases, including the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.opengovpartnership.org/\" data-href=\"https://www.opengovpartnership.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Government Partnership\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"http://participedia.net\" data-href=\"http://participedia.net\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Participedia\u003C/a> and the \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">GovLab\u003C/a> blog. We reviewed dozens of cases from across the globe and selected 25 for in-depth analysis (Figure 9). Aggregate data about the cases is offered in this section.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"f18a\" id=\"f18a\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*UBEnwWUZI9zsyA1eHHEf0g.png\" data-width=\"2055\" data-height=\"1080\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*UBEnwWUZI9zsyA1eHHEf0g.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Figure 1: Mapping 25 case studies, which span 5 continents and 21 countries\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"95af\" id=\"95af\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">These case studies were chosen to provide a diverse survey of crowdlaw practices at different levels of government, including both municipal, regional or provincial, and national models. We also sought to profile initiatives where the public is asked to participate in different ways that range from commenting to drafting. Finally, we included engagement examples that offer instructive lessons for crowdlaw, despite not being defined as crowdlaw.\u003C/p>\u003Cblockquote name=\"ea3b\" id=\"ea3b\" class=\"graf graf--pullquote graf-after--p\">For more on our cases, see our \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1Eaw3-rpi8wyANCKvM37F4SqOGF3TSUyTmqkY1ky31h0/edit#gid=0\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1Eaw3-rpi8wyANCKvM37F4SqOGF3TSUyTmqkY1ky31h0/edit#gid=0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--pullquote-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">case study repository\u003C/a>.\u003C/blockquote>\u003Ch3 name=\"42aa\" id=\"42aa\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--pullquote\">Taxonomy overview\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"ff05\" id=\"ff05\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Throughout our research, we documented salient features of crowdlaw initiatives, cataloguing and comparing them based on six factors. (In the final section, we describe an expanded multi-factor taxonomy for future, more in-depth research):\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"a031\" id=\"a031\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*JI2eTuUIa3yrNVZbPf3XyA.png\" data-width=\"1402\" data-height=\"552\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*JI2eTuUIa3yrNVZbPf3XyA.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Figure 2: Key criteria used to assess and catalogue citizen engagement initiatives\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"2e1e\" id=\"2e1e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">We have endeavored to comment on the successes and challenges for each model based on the information available. These aggregated findings provide the basis for our recommendations in Section 2. We present organized information about the 25 case studies \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1O78APjyL2wArEUgsZLYjnDnbWY23eh7NNjiVfLBvXZU/edit?usp=sharing\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1O78APjyL2wArEUgsZLYjnDnbWY23eh7NNjiVfLBvXZU/edit?usp=sharing\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Appendix I: Case Studies\u003C/em>\u003C/a> as well as in the \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1Eaw3-rpi8wyANCKvM37F4SqOGF3TSUyTmqkY1ky31h0/edit#gid=0\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1Eaw3-rpi8wyANCKvM37F4SqOGF3TSUyTmqkY1ky31h0/edit#gid=0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Case Study Repository\u003C/em>\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0498\" id=\"0498\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">We are continuously adding cases and updating information about existing cases and invite additions, suggestions, and corrections to these resources.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"85c5\" id=\"85c5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As crowdlaw initiatives proliferate and differentiate, we expect that a broader array of examples will become available for each phase of the legislative process. But for now, the activities in our 25 cases break down as follows:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4401\" id=\"4401\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">1) Task: 23 out of 25 cases solicited ideas or proposals from participants. Six sought evidence or expertise in one form or another. Seven platforms allowed for drafting of legislative text and only one process provided a specific action other than drafting for the public to do.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3ced\" id=\"3ced\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">2) Methods: 18 cases held hosted consultations, in the sense that the government structured the crowdsourcing opportunity (e.g., for a specific government purpose, like working on a consultation sponsored by a representative or seeking input for a constitution) or else narrowed the call thematically or in terms of subject focus. Nine platforms had an “open call” capacity where participant input did not respond to a specific platform request, and 12 platforms had standard discussion fora.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cace\" id=\"cace\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">3) Stage: The majority of cases covered the \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">propose\u003C/em> (19) and \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">comment \u003C/em>(18) stages, whereas there were relatively fewer examples of citizen involvement in the \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">implement \u003C/em>and \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">evaluate\u003C/em> stages. Examples of participation in the \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">evaluate\u003C/em> stage were focused more on monitoring outcomes than on evaluating the impact and effectiveness of an implemented law.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a3e4\" id=\"a3e4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">4) Platform: 21 were websites, 2 were mobile applications, and 10 provided some form of offline engagement.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7d4e\" id=\"7d4e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">5) Legal framework: 6 cases had a law formally associated with the process.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f4c0\" id=\"f4c0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">6) Evaluation: We found no institutionalized practices for assessing the quality or the impact of laws developed with crowdlaw in contrast to those developed without public input.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"972f\" id=\"972f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">- Gabriella Capone and Beth Noveck\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"0e82\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"7f0b\" id=\"7f0b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Next posts in the series:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"9816\" id=\"9816\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">#8. \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-recommendations-supporting-cases-and-further-considerations-46b4c837044d\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-recommendations-supporting-cases-and-further-considerations-46b4c837044d\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw | Expanded Recommendations\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"65d6\" id=\"65d6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">#9. \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-research-agenda-45c9d485de69\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-research-agenda-45c9d485de69\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw | An Agenda for Research and Experimentation\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"bb07\" id=\"bb07\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">#10. \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-about-acknowledgements-4909a5463721\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-about-acknowledgements-4909a5463721\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw | Acknowledgements\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"0cc1\" id=\"0cc1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Or go to the first post in the series and table of contents \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/7-25-global-citizen-engagement-case-studies",{"title":3386,"description":3389},"7-25-global-citizen-engagement-case-studies","blogposts/7-25-global-citizen-engagement-case-studies","_v0mpfEMOEz2khvKwvViuQdcYDwBRD8w36695AukHQc",{"id":3399,"title":3400,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3401,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3402,"description":3403,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3400,"image":3404,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3405,"meta":3406,"navigation":15,"path":3407,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3408,"slug":3409,"startTime":34,"stem":3410,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3411},"blogposts/blogposts/6-why-public-engagement-normative-goals.json","6. WHY PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT? NORMATIVE GOALS",[],"2017-09-19T17:00:25","This section explains the varied value propositions for public engagement and connects them to their origins in various strands of…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*o_-LmjVsbr4s34QrbpJL1w.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"4390\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"b612\" id=\"b612\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*o_-LmjVsbr4s34QrbpJL1w.jpeg\" data-width=\"1024\" data-height=\"1024\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*o_-LmjVsbr4s34QrbpJL1w.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"b68f\" id=\"b68f\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">6. CROWDLAW | WHY PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT? NORMATIVE GOALS\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"220f\" id=\"220f\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">This section explains the varied value propositions for public engagement and connects them to their origins in various strands of political theory.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"6132\" id=\"6132\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This is a draft version of the report (dated October 12, 2017) and will be updated in November.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d531\" id=\"d531\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">While this paper is primarily concerned with \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">how\u003C/em> best to implement crowdlaw, as a threshold matter it is important to define \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">why\u003C/em> public engagement is something worth pursuing. Although government of, by, and for the people might seem self-evident, there are in fact multiple rationales for engagement in governing. A clear purpose is a precondition for designing both process and platform to achieve it.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c135\" id=\"c135\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A full review of the vast scholarly literature on engagement is beyond the scope of this paper, but it is nonetheless worth briefly discussing the dominant theories that undergird and justify public engagement. Specifically, we identify four distinct schools of thought regarding the potential benefits of public participation. The first three are the most often cited thus resulting in platforms and processes designed to optimize deliberation. Central to our argument is that crowdlaw practices have to improve the \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">quality of legislation \u003C/em>if they are to be efficiently used and adopted at scale. Thus, the fourth rationale, as we shall see, is arguably the most important.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ba27\" id=\"ba27\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">● Improving civic literacy and democratic legitimacy by giving more people a voice in the process,\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3c5f\" id=\"3c5f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">● Strengthening social capital and social cohesion and reducing partisanship,\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6919\" id=\"6919\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">● Improving democratic accountability by making governing more transparent,\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b89a\" id=\"b89a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">● And, generating more effective governance by introducing more diverse ideas and insights from a distributed audience into governing.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e78a\" id=\"e78a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The desired goal dictates the design of the platform and process. Each goal is described in brief in the following sections.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"f7a2\" id=\"f7a2\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">1. Improving civic literacy¹\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"3119\" id=\"3119\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Democratic legitimacy refers to the idea that the outcomes of a political order are justified to those who live within it. Because the public perception of governmental institutions as legitimate depends, to some extent, on the belief that those institutions are acting for the greater good and not unduly out of concern for the interests either of the political elites or one segment of society, ensuring that decision-making is transparent and provides equal opportunity for the public to make their voices heard and can increase a government’s perceived legitimacy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"353e\" id=\"353e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Thus, the purpose of engagement is not directly to change the ultimate outcome of decisions but, rather — through the promotion of public discourse — to create an opportunity for the formation and refinement of public opinion. Best known among the theorists and practitioners of this Habermasian style of deliberative democracy, Stanford professor James Fishkin contends that deliberation can reassure the general public that political outcomes are a reflection of the people’s political will. Fishkin tested his hypothesis through “deliberative polling,” a process that combines attributes of both polling and debate by “exposing random samples [of people] to balanced information, encouraging them to weigh opposing arguments in discussion with heterogeneous interlocutors, and then harvesting their more considered opinions.”² His design and analysis of multiple deliberative polling experiments found that participants not only changed their opinions as a result of partaking in the deliberative process, but also shifted the bases of their opinions to more “normatively desirable criteria.” Similarly, John Gastil’s analysis of the participants in the National Issues Forum, another deliberation method practiced since the early 1980s, showed that those who attended the program left with more sophisticated and coherent views of the issues that were discussed. Amy Gutmann and Dennis Thompson, in turn, argue that this increased knowledge of important issues strengthens faith in and perceived legitimacy of political institutions because citizens feel as though they can both contribute to and understand complex policy choices. Jürgen Habermas argues that deliberative democracy and an “energetic civil society” can restore the “public sphere” to its former status as a forum for meaningful dialogue between citizens, augmenting the flow of information in a political process currently dominated by mass media.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"3cfe\" id=\"3cfe\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">2. Strengthening social fabric\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"206a\" id=\"206a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">A second and related school of thought identifies the role that public engagement plays in civic and community life in addition to the political process. Robert Putnam’s analysis of “social capital” — “[b]roadly understood as referring to the community relations that affect personal interactions”³ — has shown that such engagement positively contributes to a host of social outcomes, including public health and safety, educational attainment, greater wealth, and of course, trust in government institutions. In communities where social capital is low, then, introducing new opportunities for deliberation can help strengthen otherwise weak communal ties, an appealing prospect in communities riven by partisanship or class divides. Finally, Clare Chambers at Cambridge argues that deliberation can help diminish adversarial tendencies within a community and instead help foster a sense of interdependence. The act of deliberation can thus help instill feelings of familiarity and strengthen social bonds within a community, an outcome that has positive effects both on communal life as well as the political process. Digital deliberation, even more than offline deliberation, quickly produces and disseminates data regarding citizen preferences, often in real-time.⁴\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"3ad8\" id=\"3ad8\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">3. Making government more accountable\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"048d\" id=\"048d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Engagement also plays a vital role in holding governments accountable, because the transparency necessary to enable the public to participate, in theory, reduces the risk of dirty tricks and backroom dealing. Traditionally, investigative journalism serves as this “instrument of institutional accountability, a means to hold the governors accountable… to the ideals and rules of the democratic polity itself.”⁵ Government watchdog groups also play a vital role in distilling complex information for other civil society and journalistic organizations. These watchdogs, referred to by Walter Lipmann as “political observatories,” can exist both inside and outside the government, and engage with the public by “sponsor[ing] research, monitor[ing] governmental activity, and, as nonpartisan or as advocacy organizations, mak[ing] information about the political world available to journalists and directly to citizens.”⁶\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bfa0\" id=\"bfa0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">But crowdlaw, by involving the public more directly in legislating, can foster transparency, which, in turn begets accountability. Michael Schudson argues that “[s]o long as information is publicly available, political actors have to behave as if someone in the public is paying attention.”⁷ Public engagement efforts that involve promoting accessible government information, as well as the organizations that make that information actionable, can thus help promote increased government accountability.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"8641\" id=\"8641\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">4. Improving governance\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"ea68\" id=\"ea68\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">A fourth school of thought focuses on the potential impact new forms of civic engagement can have on the outcomes of governance. Beth Simone Noveck has written extensively on the ways in which public engagement can be leveraged to improve the quality of policy outcomes as well as the operation of government, with particular focus given to the role that technology can play in both generating and scaling civic participation.⁸ Noveck’s call for “collaborative democracy” moves beyond deliberative theorists’ focus on discourse. Instead, collaborative democracy involves shifting at least some or even all of the decisionmaking and implementation authority into the hands of citizen participants: rather than limit citizens’ involvement to mere deliberation, citizens should instead be afforded the opportunity to collaborate on designing and building actual solutions to important problems. This collaborative model enables governments to draw directly on the collective expertise of the population in developing new and creative solutions, as opposed to presenting citizens with a discrete set of choices. It is a theory rooted in the belief that engagement is not simply a more legitimate process. Rather, if designed right, engagement should lead to high quality policies and better designed services.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"285b\" id=\"285b\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">From theory to practice\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"e8c0\" id=\"e8c0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">It bears explicit mention that many, if not most, engagement platforms to date have been designed to advance democratic legitimacy through deliberation rather than to improve governing outcomes. \u003C/strong>Thus many such digital democracy systems “inherit” the challenges and considerations of offline public engagement, namely bad design, partisan bickering, and, above all, irrelevance to governing.⁹ In a vicious circle, platforms designed for deliberation but not necessarily to improve governance end up having little impact on the decisions or operations of institutions, diminishing relevance and depressing the incentive to engage on the part of both individuals and institutions.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"aec6\" id=\"aec6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In their meta-research, Dennis Friess and Christiane Eilders note that the majority of research into online engagement focuses on the effects of specific platform design on the individual (i.e., how the design affects the participation process: design-process).¹⁰ However, they argue, there are relatively few studies that assess “how the process of deliberation shapes the outcomes of deliberation (process-results),” and fewer still that analyze all aspects of digital participation (i.e., from input, to deliberation, to output; design-process-results).¹¹ Echoing Friess and Eilders, Tiago Peixoto and Jonathan Fox point out that “while growing media coverage of ICT-enabled voice platforms is often enthusiastic, social science research on the dynamics and impacts of these initiatives lags far behind, and the limited existing evidence does not yet support unqualified optimism.”¹² They argue that limited research has focused on tracing citizen inputs to legislative outputs, so there is no clear evidence as to whether these online systems have “teeth,” other than in their ability to support government transparency.¹³\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5c0d\" id=\"5c0d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">That said, there are many advantages to online engagement that might be enhanced with better design and greater integration into political and governance practices. Capella, Price, and Nir find, for instance, “that participation in online discussion is likely to produce a greater repertoire of argument, including greater awareness of the reasons behind opposing views.”¹⁴ Furthermore, Davies et al. highlight the benefits of “asynchronous communication,” which affords participants the opportunity to contribute to the discussion at the time that suits them best, thereby reducing barriers to entry and promoting more inclusive and diverse dialogue.¹⁵ Janssen and Kies provide further support for asynchronous communication as a process that yields more thoughtful contributions (as opposed to instantaneous communication via chat rooms, where conversation is more likely to become derailed).¹⁶ ICT-enabled public engagement “reduces the costs of participation by tapping into existing technology, reducing the need to be present at fixed times, (or) incur venue costs both for the citizens and the intervention.”¹⁷\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9674\" id=\"9674\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As we move from theory to practice, our recommendations for both legal framework and platform design explicitly seek to advance the use of public engagement to improve governing as a primary goal. Recognizing that others might have different objectives in mind or may not be confident in the ability to leverage engagement to improve outcomes, we recommend public discussion and debate about the purposes of engagement and the tradeoffs that come when designing for one goal over another.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a26f\" id=\"a26f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For additional resources on both the theory and practice of engagement, please see the bibliography in \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Appendix V\u003C/em>. The bibliography focuses on engagement in lawmaking and includes some additional general resources as well.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9157\" id=\"9157\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">- Gabriella Capone and Beth Noveck\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"6e2e\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"6723\" id=\"6723\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Next posts in the series:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"ad0a\" id=\"ad0a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">#7. \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-case-studies-30cc06e9a5a6\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-case-studies-30cc06e9a5a6\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw | 25 Global Citizen Engagement Case Studies\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"954c\" id=\"954c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">#8. \u003Ca href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-recommendations-supporting-cases-and-further-considerations-46b4c837044d\" data-href=\"https://crowd.law/crowdlaw-recommendations-supporting-cases-and-further-considerations-46b4c837044d\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw | Expanded Recommendations\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"07f6\" id=\"07f6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">#9. \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-research-agenda-45c9d485de69\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-research-agenda-45c9d485de69\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw | An Agenda for Research and Experimentation\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"d95f\" id=\"d95f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Or go to the first post in the series and table of contents \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"f5d7\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch4 name=\"9101\" id=\"9101\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf--leading\">Footnotes\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"9a3a\" id=\"9a3a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">¹ Jürg Steiner, “The Foundations of Deliberative Democracy: Empirical Research and Normative Implications,” (Cambridge University Press, 2012).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"22b8\" id=\"22b8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">² Fishkin and Luskin, “Experimenting with A Democratic Ideal: Deliberative Polling and Public Opinion,” (Acta Politica, 2005): 287.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a7c4\" id=\"a7c4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">³ Steven N. Durlauf, “Chapter 26 — Social Capital,” Handbook of Economic Growth, 1:B (2005): 1639.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0484\" id=\"0484\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁴ “Evaluating Digital Citizen Engagement: A Practical Guide,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">World Bank,\u003C/em> February 2016, accessed May 9, 2017, 22, available at \u003Ca href=\"https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/23752.\" data-href=\"https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/23752.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/23752\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6903\" id=\"6903\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁵ James Ettema, “Journalism as Reason-Giving: Deliberative Democracy, Institutional Accountability, and the News Media’s Mission,”\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> Political Communication\u003C/em> 24, no. 2 (2007): 144.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0074\" id=\"0074\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁶ Michael Schudson, “Political observatories, databases & news in the emerging ecology of public information,” Deadalus (Spring 2010): 100–109.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"82e5\" id=\"82e5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁷ Michael Schudson, “The Power of News,” (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1995): 25.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"708c\" id=\"708c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁸ Beth Simone Noveck, “Wiki Government: How Technology Can Make Government Better, Democracy Stronger, and Citizens More Powerful,” (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2009).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8916\" id=\"8916\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁹ “Evaluating Digital Citizen Engagement,” 23.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"78ea\" id=\"78ea\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹⁰ Dennis Friess and Christiane Eilders, “A Systematic Review of Online Deliberation Research,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Policy and Internet\u003C/em> 7, no. 3 (2015): 319, DOI: 10.1002/po3.95.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3266\" id=\"3266\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹¹ Friess and Eilders, “A Systematic Review of Online Deliberation Research,” 319.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9c77\" id=\"9c77\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹² Tiago Peixoto and Jonathan Fox, “When Does ICT-Enabled Citizen Voice Lead to Government Responsiveness,” (Background Paper: Digital Dividends, World Development Report, 2016), 4, available at \u003Ca href=\"http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/835741452530215528/WDR16-BP-When-Does-ICT-Enabled-Citizen-Voice-Peixoto-Fox.pdf.\" data-href=\"http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/835741452530215528/WDR16-BP-When-Does-ICT-Enabled-Citizen-Voice-Peixoto-Fox.pdf.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/835741452530215528/WDR16-BP-When-Does-ICT-Enabled-Citizen-Voice-Peixoto-Fox.pdf\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fa6b\" id=\"fa6b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹³ Peixoto and Fox, “When Does ICT-Enabled Citizen Voice Lead to Government Responsiveness,” 5.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ed0e\" id=\"ed0e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹⁴ Ibid., 332.; Joseph N. Cappella, Vincent Price, and Lilach Nir, “Argument Repertoire as a Reliable and Valid Measure of Opinion Quality: Electronic Dialogue During Campaign 2000,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Political Communication\u003C/em> 19, no. 1 (2002), DOI: 10.1080/105846002317246498.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5ad7\" id=\"5ad7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹⁵ Friess and Eilders, “A Systematic Review of Online Deliberation Research,” 325.; Todd Davies, Brendan O’Connor, Alex Cochran, Jonathan J. Effrat, Andrew Parker, Benjamin Newman, and Aaron Tam, “ An Online Environment for Democratic Deliberation: Motivation, Principles, and Design,” in \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Online Deliberation: Design, Research and Practice\u003C/em>, ed. Todd Davies and Seeta Pena Gangadharan (CSLI Publications/University of Chicago Press: 2009), available at \u003Ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/1302.3912.\" data-href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/1302.3912.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://arxiv.org/abs/1302.3912\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"229c\" id=\"229c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹⁶ Friess and Eilders, 319; Davy Janssen and Raphael Kies, “Online Forums and Deliberative Democracy,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Acta Politica\u003C/em> 40, no. 3 (2005), DOI: 10.1057/palgrave.ap.5500115\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f956\" id=\"f956\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">¹⁷ “Evaluating Digital Citizen Engagement,” 22.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/6-why-public-engagement-normative-goals",{"title":3400,"description":3403},"6-why-public-engagement-normative-goals","blogposts/6-why-public-engagement-normative-goals","c2KZojjRtCo_JFd5fygfIzBDj9PVlwcvKtpOZbR6zUY",{"id":3413,"title":3414,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3415,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3416,"description":3417,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3414,"image":3418,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3419,"meta":3420,"navigation":15,"path":3421,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3422,"slug":3423,"startTime":34,"stem":3424,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3425},"blogposts/blogposts/5-the-political-context-in-spain-and-elsewhere.json","5. THE POLITICAL CONTEXT IN SPAIN AND ELSEWHERE",[],"2017-09-19T16:51:38","This section introduces Podemos and why this effort to institutionalize public engagement is taking place in Spain now, including a brief…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*5vN3uKtV_gC49Y6V8GAMoQ.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"d804\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"53b4\" id=\"53b4\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*5vN3uKtV_gC49Y6V8GAMoQ.jpeg\" data-width=\"1024\" data-height=\"1024\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*5vN3uKtV_gC49Y6V8GAMoQ.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"f494\" id=\"f494\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">5. CROWDLAW | THE POLITICAL CONTEXT IN SPAIN AND ELSEWHERE\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"6c3b\" id=\"6c3b\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">This section introduces Podemos and why this effort to institutionalize public engagement is taking place in Spain now, including a brief account of motivating regional and global events.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"730f\" id=\"730f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This is a draft version of the report (dated October 12, 2017) and will be updated in November.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"3efc\" id=\"3efc\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Public trust in government is at an all-time low\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"2bf1\" id=\"2bf1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">In Europe and the United States, the public has become increasingly dissatisfied with government. According to recent Gallup Poll data, only 54% of people worldwide report having confidence in their national governments.¹ The 2017 Edelman Trust Barometer paints an even bleaker picture, asserting that “government is now distrusted in 75% of countries.”²\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"18dc\" id=\"18dc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In the U.S. alone, only 20% of citizens say they trust the federal government to do what is right and “[n]o more than about 30% have expressed trust in the government in Washington to do the right thing at any point over the last decade.” In Europe, Dalia Research finds that anti-establishment parties are on the rise because Europeans are fed-up with their political class: barely a third trust politicians to do the right thing, with Eastern Europeans registering only 23% confidence in their leaders.³\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"21a3\" id=\"21a3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This growing trust deficit, or “implosion of trust,”⁴ is particularly concerning as it often leads to a self-perpetuating cycle — a “widespread belief that the system is broken increases a person’s vulnerability to fear, ultimately causing deeper distrust in institutions.”⁵\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1074\" id=\"1074\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Declining tax revenues and deteriorating fiscal conditions, coupled with increasing volatility of state financial support, have put significant pressures on governments, often diminishing their ability to deliver services they have traditionally provided — much less adapt to changing times. These operational challenges have been coupled with an equally difficult image problem: although public trust in government has eroded to all-time lows, paradoxically, public expectations of what government should deliver have risen.\u003C/p>\u003Cblockquote name=\"1845\" id=\"1845\" class=\"graf graf--pullquote graf-after--p\">As the saying goes, “trust takes years to build, seconds to break, and forever to repair.” Thus, government urgently needs to do a better job. In order to identify and implement innovative solutions to problems such as climate change, economic fluctuations, pandemics, and terrorism, public institutions need to change the way they work.\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cp name=\"f62a\" id=\"f62a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--pullquote\">One such change is to open up the lawmaking practices of governments to outside input and more collaborative decision-making. Our discussion thus far has highlighted lessons learned from public engagement efforts around the world. These examples show how the desire to increase engagement in the legislative and political arena is widely shared across many different countries and contexts. In this respect, the desire to bolster civic participation in the Autonomous Community of Madrid is not unique, but instead can be viewed as part of a broader trend of promoting civic participation around the world.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9b1c\" id=\"9b1c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Over the past decade, citizen distrust in public institutions combined with the reverberations of financial crises have motivated increased civic participation, and use of digital democracy tools. The 2008 financial crisis spurred the “Kitchenware Revolution” in Iceland, the country’s largest protests calling for representatives’ resignations; it was in this context that Reykjavik’s Better Neighborhoods platform emerged. Estonia’s Citizens’ Assembly was erected by the President “to make recommendations for democratic reforms” following a major corruption scandal. Taiwan emerged following the Sunflower Student Movement, during which student protesters occupied the Taiwanese parliament in protest of a planned trade deal with China.⁶\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ee24\" id=\"ee24\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">However widely shared these goals may be, any successful public engagement program must be mindful of the particular economic, social, and political factors that define civic life in a given polity. Before returning our discussion to specific recommendations for Podemos, a brief overview of Spain’s economic and political climate is in order.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"e5de\" id=\"e5de\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Mistrust of government in Spain\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"a287\" id=\"a287\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Although Spain’s electoral system operates under a form of imperfect proportional system of representation,⁷ ⁸ for much of the country’s history as a democracy its electoral politics have been dominated by two parties: the PP (the center-right \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Partido Popular\u003C/em>, or People’s Party) and the PSOE (the center-left \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Partido Socialista Obrera Español\u003C/em>, or Spanish Socialist Workers Party).⁹ The same two parties tend to dominate at the regional level, albeit to a lesser extent. Particularly in communities with strong regional identities (such as in Basque Country or Catalonia), parties more deeply associated with that region tend to hold a majority of the seats in their respective legislatures.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cbf8\" id=\"cbf8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A confluence of factors, though, recently began to unravel this established order. First, the economic crisis and the government’s push for austerity measures galvanized a new opposition. This opposition was most pronounced in early 2015, when hundreds of thousands of Spaniards took to the streets around the country to protest austerity measures. Further compounding the discontentment with the government’s response to the economic climate was a series of corruption scandals running up to the highest levels of government.¹⁰ Such scandals have had a palpably corrosive effect on citizens’ views of government. According to the OECD, only 30% of Spaniards felt in 2015 that they had confidence in the national government; this level had fallen by a staggering 20% from its 2007 figure.¹¹ Trust at the regional level seems to mirror that of the national government: according to a Eurobarometer and Gallup World Survey, only 20% of Spaniards indicated that they trusted their regional authorities.¹² For context, Spain ranks below every western European country except for Italy in Transparency International’s Corruption Perception Index, with an overall ranking of 41 out of 176.¹³ Perhaps not surprisingly, Spanish respondents to one survey have in the past few years consistently ranked corruption as the second most pressing problem facing Spain, only after unemployment; “politicians, political parties, and politics” has consistently ranked third or fourth.¹⁴\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"b477\" id=\"b477\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">The Global Recession\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"ae48\" id=\"ae48\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Although few countries emerged unscathed from the global financial crisis in 2008, Spain was particularly hard hit, even compared to its similarly situated EU neighbors. A collapse in tax revenue rendered the existing government spending levels unsustainable, forcing massive public sector layoffs that had ripple effects throughout the Spanish economy. In 2009, Spanish output shrunk by nearly 4%, and with the exception of 2010 (in which GDP held steady), it was not until 2014 that the country experienced economic growth.¹⁵ Unemployment in Spain skyrocketed, reaching a high of nearly 26%, and youth fared particularly poorly, with unemployment levels among jobseekers younger than 25 climbing as high as 50%. Though the Spanish economy has since begun to recover, only within the past year has the overall unemployment rate fallen below 20%, a level still significantly higher than neighboring Portugal and nearby Italy, which faced similar macroeconomic conditions.¹⁶ Economic output has also experienced a recent uptick, with two consecutive years of approximately 3% growth, but the duration of Spain’s economic crisis and the perceived inability of the government to adequately respond greatly diminished citizens’ faith in the power political institutions to address pressing societal problems.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"771a\" id=\"771a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">It is important as well to recognize the effect that this economic malaise had on individual Spaniards. By the beginning of 2013, Household Disposable Income had fallen by over 12% from its 2007 level, and household consumption had fallen by approximately 15%.¹⁷ Young people’s ability to start financially independent lives was severely inhibited: half or more of Spaniards under 30 remained living with their parents, and the average age of a youth’s “emancipation” from their families continually tracked upwards.¹⁸ This dearth of economic opportunity for Spain’s youth has led to them being called the “lost generation.”¹⁹ Further, the concentrated effect of Spain’s economic crisis on young people has engendered a particularly strong disdain for politics as usual, culminating in the unrest described below.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"d81c\" id=\"d81c\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Podemos\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"99b5\" id=\"99b5\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3\">The emergence of Podemos\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"f3a9\" id=\"f3a9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Podemos is a new Spanish political party created in 2014 by Spanish leftist activists associated with the grassroots activism and protests linked to the “Indignados” (Indignants) Movement. This movement, also called 15-M (it began on the 15th of May) or Anti-Austerity Movement, started in May 2011 with demonstrations in 58 Spanish cities. Its origin can be traced to civilian digital platforms and associations.²⁰ Protests continued, albeit more sporadically and with smaller turnout, throughout subsequent years. It was from this activism — largely led by youth²¹ — that sowed the seeds for new political parties.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"614c\" id=\"614c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Even though demonstrators formed a heterogeneous and ambiguous group, they shared a strong rejection of unemployment, welfare cuts, corruption in Spanish politics, and the current bipartisanism at that time between the PP and PSOE. Since Spain transitioned to democracy in the 1970s, only these two parties have governed the country and both have had a number of corruption scandals during their respective administrations. The street protests lasted from May into sporadically October of 2011, with officials estimating between 6.5 to 8 million protestors in all.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"eb9c\" id=\"eb9c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In 2014, although not claiming to be a direct result of this Movement, Podemos was founded by many of the same leaders of these protests to oppose the European Union austerity mandated and to demand radical change in Spanish politics. In the broader context of economic turmoil and austerity in Europe, Podemos was not a unique phenomenon. Economic hardship coupled with apathy towards elitist political institutions also gave rise to anti-establishment parties such as Syriza in Greece, as well as the Italy’s Five Star Movement in Italy.²²\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3cc5\" id=\"3cc5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">It is against this backdrop of mistrust that Podemos found its roots as a party clamoring for change. The party established support particularly among young Spaniards seeking to upend the two-party political order and institute a more transparent, accessible, and left-leaning government. Relying on this groundswell of support, Podemos was in part responsible for a major political sea change that disrupted the longstanding balance of power in Spanish politics.²³ Podemos (“We can”) was established as a political party in 2014.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"439f\" id=\"439f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The party quickly became known as a disruptor and innovator in Spanish politics and is now a major political party at the national and regional levels. Just four months after its founding, Podemos received 1.2 million votes, eight percent of the total in the 2014 European Parliament elections.²⁴ In the year of its founding Podemos also became second largest party in Spain in terms of membership.²⁵\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f92e\" id=\"f92e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">While many saw the success of these upstart parties as an encouraging sign of change, their electoral victories had an additional consequence: no party was able to capture a majority of seats in the national legislature, resulting in political deadlock. Lacking a majority party or coalition that could form a working government, Spain suffered from a power vacuum, during which time a “caretaker government” was put in place to maintain some semblance of continuity. The political crisis was finally alleviated in 2016 when members of the PPOE agreed to abstain from a vote of confidence for Mariano Rajoy, thus allowing him to remain as Prime Minister. But though the political crisis may have come to an end, the ten-month ordeal has likely registered even more damage to citizens’ faith in the ability of the major parties to put the country’s interests above their own.²⁶\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"36c2\" id=\"36c2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In the Spanish General Election in December 2015, Podemos garnered 20% of the vote.²⁷ In the 2015 parliamentary elections, Podemos and another upstart political party named \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Ciudadanos\u003C/em> cumulatively captured a third of the seats in the Congress of Deputies, effectively upending a nearly half-century tradition of two-party politics.²⁸\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f159\" id=\"f159\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In addition to Podemos’s success at the national level, the party was also able to find its footing in various regional legislatures. The party was particularly successful that year in the Autonomous Community of Madrid, where it picked up 27 out of 129 available seats.²⁹ This victory placed Podemos — then a brand new party — as the third most represented party in Madrid’s regional legislature, just behind PSOE, which secured 36 seats. Additionally, in the May 2015 Municipal elections Podemos, through affiliated local coalitions rather than directly, won the city councils of Barcelona and Madrid, as well as many smaller cities.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"41c0\" id=\"41c0\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">The “world’s first Reddit party”\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"e10b\" id=\"e10b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">In response to past corruption scandals, austerity measures, and high unemployment levels following the European debt crisis,³⁰ ³¹ ³² ³³ Podemos seeks to improve trust by the public in government and increase its own popularity and standing by adopting the use of software platforms to create more open governing processes. To that end, Podemos has adopted what they dub a \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">people-centered\u003C/em> approach to politics. Called the “world’s first Reddit party,” Podemos has leveraged online platforms to host debates and referenda to craft the party’s platform and structure.³⁴ The platforms that helped the party campaign successfully and build its political base include:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e60f\" id=\"e60f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">● \u003Ca href=\"https://twitter.com/PlazaPodemos\" data-href=\"https://twitter.com/PlazaPodemos\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Plaza \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Podemos\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> (\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Podemos \u003C/em>Square), a debating site that provides a space for political deliberation and participation for Podemos’s followers. Plaza Podemos attracts between \u003Ca href=\"http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/mar/31/podemos-revolution-radical-academics-changed-european-politics\" data-href=\"http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/mar/31/podemos-revolution-radical-academics-changed-european-politics\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">10,000 and 20,000 followers\u003C/a> per day.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"54c3\" id=\"54c3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">● \u003Ca href=\"https://participa.podemos.info/es\" data-href=\"https://participa.podemos.info/es\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Portal de Participatción\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> (Participation Portal), an online voting registration and authentication system and a crowdfunding platform to engage people to support Podemos and the initiatives it supports.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"44f5\" id=\"44f5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">● \u003Ca href=\"https://participa.podemos.info/es/propuestas\" data-href=\"https://participa.podemos.info/es/propuestas\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Iniciativas Ciudadanas\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> (Citizen Initiatives), an online tool hosted within the “Portal de Participación” website where citizens can post proposals for reforms within Podemos and other citizens can support the proposals or post their own.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"585e\" id=\"585e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">● \u003Ca href=\"http://podemos.info/impulsa/\" data-href=\"http://podemos.info/impulsa/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Impulsa\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> (Boost/Impulse), an online political participation space for building, brainstorming, and implementing projects.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a659\" id=\"a659\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">● \u003Ca href=\"http://podemostudela.com/participa/banco-de-talentos\" data-href=\"http://podemostudela.com/participa/banco-de-talentos\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Banco de Talentos\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> (Talent Bank), a new tool that Podemos will use to identify and leverage the talent within its group of followers.³⁵\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"28a5\" id=\"28a5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Now that Podemos is governing rather than campaigning, however, it needs to design processes and platforms to tie participatory democracy to governing. Building on its success using technology to craft the party’s political agenda, it is only natural that it should want to bring its brand of bottom-up participatory politics to governing the country. But this is where it is struggling. Many people lack confidence in this inexperienced party’s ability to govern, and whether the party can push government to be as open, transparent, and grassroots as the party’s successful campaigns were. How, exactly, Podemos will redefine Spanish politics and governance remains an open question.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"80f6\" id=\"80f6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Despite the recent economic and political hardships that Spain has endured, there is much reason to be optimistic about the potential of new citizen engagement efforts. For one, the worst of the economic crisis is over: as previously mentioned, Spain’s economy has been experiencing consistent, positive growth, and unemployment has been meaningfully reduced as a consequence. Legislators might feel more willing to divert attention towards other issues, and among such issues, citizen engagement seems like a worthy and relevant cause.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"43da\" id=\"43da\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Yet another reason to be optimistic is that numerous Spanish localities — including the City Council of Madrid — have already successfully taken up the mantle of citizen engagement. Many of these examples are included in our own analysis and guide our final recommendations. For instance, tens of thousands of Madrileños have voted on proposals, participated in debates, and offered ideas for how to allocate the city’s budget through \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Decide Madrid\u003C/em>. The Autonomous Community of Aragon has embraced civic participation as a constitutionally mandated goal; this directive has been used to support a wide variety of ad hoc engagement efforts that are uniquely tailored to the specific issue being addressed. The Basque government has deployed an online participation platform called \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Irekia\u003C/em>, which has modeled some of the forms of online participation proposed by numerous authors referenced in our brief summary of the academic literature. And the City Council of Barcelona, through its \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Decidim Barcelona\u003C/em> platform (which precedes Podemos), allows citizens to sponsor initiatives and review government proposals.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1d98\" id=\"1d98\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In sum, new and exciting citizen engagement measures can and have been implemented throughout Spain, and we hope that CrowdLaw mechanisms for the Autonomous Community of Madrid will be next.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3a65\" id=\"3a65\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">- Gabriella Capone and Beth Noveck\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"f686\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"9445\" id=\"9445\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Next posts in the series:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"dcb1\" id=\"dcb1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">#6. \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-why-public-engagement-normative-goals-9b5c9024e563\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-why-public-engagement-normative-goals-9b5c9024e563\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw | Why public engagement? Normative goals\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7f08\" id=\"7f08\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">#7. \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-case-studies-30cc06e9a5a6\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-case-studies-30cc06e9a5a6\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw | 25 Global Citizen Engagement Case Studies\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8916\" id=\"8916\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">#8. \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-recommendations-supporting-cases-and-further-considerations-46b4c837044d\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-recommendations-supporting-cases-and-further-considerations-46b4c837044d\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw | Expanded Recommendations\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"a4d1\" id=\"a4d1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Or go to the first post in the series and table of contents \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"fae2\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch4 name=\"2267\" id=\"2267\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf--leading\">Footnotes\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"fcf9\" id=\"fcf9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">¹ “Gallup World Poll,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Gallup (\u003C/em>2016), available at \u003Ca href=\"http://www.gallup.com/services/170945/world-poll.aspx.\" data-href=\"http://www.gallup.com/services/170945/world-poll.aspx.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.gallup.com/services/170945/world-poll.aspx\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e8f3\" id=\"e8f3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">² “2017: Executive Summary,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Edelman Annual trust barometer survey \u003C/em>(2017), available at \u003Ca href=\"http://www.edelman.com/executive-summary/,\" data-href=\"http://www.edelman.com/executive-summary/,\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.edelman.com/executive-summary/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"08a9\" id=\"08a9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">³ “Majority of Europeans Distrust Their Politicians,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Dalia Research (\u003C/em>April 26, 2016), accessed on June 25, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"https://daliaresearch.com/majority-of-europeans-distrust-their-politicians/.\" data-href=\"https://daliaresearch.com/majority-of-europeans-distrust-their-politicians/.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://daliaresearch.com/majority-of-europeans-distrust-their-politicians/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4f98\" id=\"4f98\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁴ “2017: Executive Summary,” 2.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"80d5\" id=\"80d5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁵ Ibid., 8.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"915d\" id=\"915d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁶ Julie Simon, Theo Bass, Victoria Boelman, and Geoff Mulgan, “Digital Democracy: The tools transforming political engagement,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Nesta \u003C/em>(February 2017), accessed June 26, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"http://www.nesta.org.uk/sites/default/files/digital_democracy.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.nesta.org.uk/sites/default/files/digital_democracy.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.nesta.org.uk/sites/default/files/digital_democracy.pdf\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"eaf5\" id=\"eaf5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁷ Ángel J. Sánchez Navarro, “The Spanish System of Proportional Representation and its Limits, according to the Constitutional Court,” paper prepared for \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Unidem Seminar: European Standards of electoral Law in the Contemporary Constitutionalism \u003C/em>(Sofia, Bulgaria: May 28–29, 2004), available at \u003Ca href=\"http://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/?pdf=CDL-UD%282004%29006-e\" data-href=\"http://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/?pdf=CDL-UD(2004)006-e\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/?pdf=CDL-UD(2004)006-e\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5d4f\" id=\"5d4f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁸ “Understanding the d’Hondt method: Allocation of parliamentary seats and leadership positions,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">European Parliament Briefing \u003C/em>(April 2016), available at \u003Ca href=\"http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/BRIE/2016/580901/EPRS_BRI%282016%29580901_EN.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/BRIE/2016/580901/EPRS_BRI(2016)580901_EN.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/BRIE/2016/580901/EPRS_BRI(2016)580901_EN.pdf\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ac21\" id=\"ac21\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁹ “Current Senators. Distribution by Parliamentary Group,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Senado de España \u003C/em>(2017), accessed June 25, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"http://www.senado.es/web/composicionorganizacion/senadores/composicionsenado/senadoresenactivo/consultagrupoparlamentario/index.html\" data-href=\"http://www.senado.es/web/composicionorganizacion/senadores/composicionsenado/senadoresenactivo/consultagrupoparlamentario/index.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.senado.es/web/composicionorganizacion/senadores/composicionsenado/senadoresenactivo/consultagrupoparlamentario/index.html\u003C/a>\u003Cbr> “Listing of Members by parliamentary groups,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Congreso de los deputados \u003C/em>(2017), accessed June 25, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"http://www.congreso.es/portal/page/portal/Congreso/Congreso/Diputados/DipGrupParl.\" data-href=\"http://www.congreso.es/portal/page/portal/Congreso/Congreso/Diputados/DipGrupParl.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.congreso.es/portal/page/portal/Congreso/Congreso/Diputados/DipGrupParl\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ddb4\" id=\"ddb4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹⁰ Tobias Buck, “Corruption scandals threaten Mariano Rajoy’s future,”\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> Financial Times\u003C/em> (February 15, 2016), available at \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ft.com/content/1f98d546-d3e4-11e5-829b-8564e7528e54\" data-href=\"https://www.ft.com/content/1f98d546-d3e4-11e5-829b-8564e7528e54\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.ft.com/content/1f98d546-d3e4-11e5-829b-8564e7528e54\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2e27\" id=\"2e27\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">¹¹ “\u003C/em>Trust and Public Policy: How Better Governance Can Help Rebuild Public Trust,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development\u003C/em> (March 27, 2017), available at \u003Ca href=\"http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/download/4217051e.pdf?expires=1492821633&id=id&accname=ocid177224&checksum=6C5097C12FAE130455255C94D249CA20\" data-href=\"http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/download/4217051e.pdf?expires=1492821633&id=id&accname=ocid177224&checksum=6C5097C12FAE130455255C94D249CA20\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/download/4217051e.pdf?expires=1492821633&id=id&accname=ocid177224&checksum=6C5097C12FAE130455255C94D249CA20\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2f38\" id=\"2f38\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹² Ibid.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d07e\" id=\"d07e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹³ Corruptions Perception Index,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Transparency International \u003C/em>(January 25, 2017), available at \u003Ca href=\"https://www.transparency.org/news/feature/corruption_perceptions_index_2016\" data-href=\"https://www.transparency.org/news/feature/corruption_perceptions_index_2016\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.transparency.org/news/feature/corruption_perceptions_index_2016\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6f5a\" id=\"6f5a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">¹⁴ “Tres problemas, “Encuestas de Opinión del Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas\u003C/em>, accessed April 26, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Indicadores/documentos_html/TresProblemas.html\" data-href=\"http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Indicadores/documentos_html/TresProblemas.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Indicadores/documentos_html/TresProblemas.html\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"02e3\" id=\"02e3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹⁵ “Spanish Annual GDP Growth,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">World Bank \u003C/em>(2017), accessed June 24, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG?locations=ES\" data-href=\"http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG?locations=ES\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG?locations=ES\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1143\" id=\"1143\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹⁶ Peter Evais, “The Mystery of Spain’s Perpetual Jobs Problem,”\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> New York Times \u003C/em>(May 2, 2016), accessed June 24, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/03/upshot/spains-jobless-numbers-almost-look-like-misprints.html\" data-href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/03/upshot/spains-jobless-numbers-almost-look-like-misprints.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/03/upshot/spains-jobless-numbers-almost-look-like-misprints.html\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b5ae\" id=\"b5ae\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹⁷ Federico Giovannelli, “A dash of data: Spotlight on Spanish households,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">OECD Insights \u003C/em>(November 10, 2016), accessed June 24, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"http://oecdinsights.org/2016/11/10/a-dash-of-data-spotlight-on-spanish-households/\" data-href=\"http://oecdinsights.org/2016/11/10/a-dash-of-data-spotlight-on-spanish-households/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://oecdinsights.org/2016/11/10/a-dash-of-data-spotlight-on-spanish-households/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f6fb\" id=\"f6fb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹⁸ Tobias Buck, “Spanish Youth in Crisis,”\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> The Financial Times \u003C/em>(May 23, 2014), accessed June 24, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ft.com/content/5908da36-db09-11e3-8273-00144feabdc0\" data-href=\"https://www.ft.com/content/5908da36-db09-11e3-8273-00144feabdc0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.ft.com/content/5908da36-db09-11e3-8273-00144feabdc0\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7871\" id=\"7871\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹⁹ Laure Fillon, “Meet Spain’s lost generation: The drop outs facing a bleak future,”\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> The Local (\u003C/em>December 11, 2015), accessed June 24, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"https://www.thelocal.es/20151211/spains-lost-generation-the-drops-outs-facing-bleak-future-election\" data-href=\"https://www.thelocal.es/20151211/spains-lost-generation-the-drops-outs-facing-bleak-future-election\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.thelocal.es/20151211/spains-lost-generation-the-drops-outs-facing-bleak-future-election\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"53a2\" id=\"53a2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">²⁰ “Tahrir Sqaure in Madrid: Spain’s Lost Generation Finds its Voice,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Der Spiegel \u003C/em>(May 19, 2011), accessed June 24, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"http://www.spiegel.de/international/europe/tahrir-square-in-madrid-spain-s-lost-generation-finds-its-voice-a-763581.html\" data-href=\"http://www.spiegel.de/international/europe/tahrir-square-in-madrid-spain-s-lost-generation-finds-its-voice-a-763581.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.spiegel.de/international/europe/tahrir-square-in-madrid-spain-s-lost-generation-finds-its-voice-a-763581.html\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6dc1\" id=\"6dc1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">²¹ Diego Beas, “How Spain’s 15-M movement is redefining politics,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Guardian \u003C/em>(October 15, 2001), accessed June 25, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/oct/15/spain-15-m-movement-activism.\" data-href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/oct/15/spain-15-m-movement-activism.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/oct/15/spain-15-m-movement-activism\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1343\" id=\"1343\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">²² Florian Hartleb, “Here to stay: anti-establishment parties in Europe,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">European View\u003C/em> 14:1 (June 2015): 39–49, available at: \u003Ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12290-015-0348-4\" data-href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12290-015-0348-4\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12290-015-0348-4\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9da7\" id=\"9da7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">²³ “Podemos: Spain anti-austerity party banging on doors of power,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">BBC\u003C/em>, (December 21, 2015), accessed April 24, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-35150771\" data-href=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-35150771\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-35150771\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4df6\" id=\"4df6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">²⁴ “Results of the 2014 European elections,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">European Parliament \u003C/em>(November 22, 2014), accessed June 25, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"http://www.europarl.europa.eu/elections2014-results/en/country-results-es-2014.html\" data-href=\"http://www.europarl.europa.eu/elections2014-results/en/country-results-es-2014.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.europarl.europa.eu/elections2014-results/en/country-results-es-2014.html\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e95d\" id=\"e95d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">²⁵ Gustavo Garcia, “Podemos ya tiene más ‘militantes’ que el PSOE,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">El Boletin \u003C/em>(October 28, 2014), accessed June 25, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"http://www.elboletin.com/contraportada/106783/fisher-price-shakira-juguetes-bebes.html\" data-href=\"http://www.elboletin.com/contraportada/106783/fisher-price-shakira-juguetes-bebes.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.elboletin.com/contraportada/106783/fisher-price-shakira-juguetes-bebes.html\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2f9f\" id=\"2f9f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">²⁶ Sam Jones, “Mariano Rajoy sworn in as Spain’s PM after deadlock broken,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Guardian\u003C/em> (October 31, 2016), accessed July 24, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/oct/31/mariono-rajoy-to-be-sworn-in-as-spains-prime-minister\" data-href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/oct/31/mariono-rajoy-to-be-sworn-in-as-spains-prime-minister\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/oct/31/mariono-rajoy-to-be-sworn-in-as-spains-prime-minister\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d143\" id=\"d143\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">²⁷ “Podemos celebra con euforia sus 69 diputados,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">abc \u003C/em>(December 21, 2015), accessed June 21, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"http://www.abc.es/espana/abci-podemos-celebra-euforia-diputados-4669698984001-20151221085000_video.html\" data-href=\"http://www.abc.es/espana/abci-podemos-celebra-euforia-diputados-4669698984001-20151221085000_video.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.abc.es/espana/abci-podemos-celebra-euforia-diputados-4669698984001-20151221085000_video.html\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"45a5\" id=\"45a5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">²⁸ “Konservative sind Wahlsieger, verlieren aber Mehrheit,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Spiegel Online \u003C/em>(December 21, 2015), accessed June 21, 2017, \u003Ca href=\"http://www.spiegel.de/politik/ausland/spanien-die-ersten-hochrechnungen-zur-parlamentswahl-a-1068834.html\" data-href=\"http://www.spiegel.de/politik/ausland/spanien-die-ersten-hochrechnungen-zur-parlamentswahl-a-1068834.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.spiegel.de/politik/ausland/spanien-die-ersten-hochrechnungen-zur-parlamentswahl-a-1068834.html\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1f2b\" id=\"1f2b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">²⁹ “Distribución de escaños,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Asamblea de Madrid \u003C/em>(2017), accessed June 9, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"http://www.asambleamadrid.es/ES/QueEsLaAsamblea/ComposiciondelaAsamblea/Distribuciondeescanos/default.aspx.\" data-href=\"http://www.asambleamadrid.es/ES/QueEsLaAsamblea/ComposiciondelaAsamblea/Distribuciondeescanos/default.aspx.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.asambleamadrid.es/ES/QueEsLaAsamblea/ComposiciondelaAsamblea/Distribuciondeescanos/default.aspx\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3650\" id=\"3650\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">³⁰ Tobias Buck, “Spain: Political Stalemate in Madrid,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Financial Times \u003C/em>(February 10, 2016), accessed April 24, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ft.com/content/27b93f7c-ce67-11e5-831d-09f7778e7377\" data-href=\"https://www.ft.com/content/27b93f7c-ce67-11e5-831d-09f7778e7377\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.ft.com/content/27b93f7c-ce67-11e5-831d-09f7778e7377\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"02fb\" id=\"02fb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">³¹ Tobias Buck, “No Right Turn for Spanish Politics,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Financial Times \u003C/em>(January 17, 2017), accessed April 24, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ft.com/content/414246f6-dbe4-11e6-86ac-f253db7791c6\" data-href=\"https://www.ft.com/content/414246f6-dbe4-11e6-86ac-f253db7791c6\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.ft.com/content/414246f6-dbe4-11e6-86ac-f253db7791c6\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fb48\" id=\"fb48\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">³² Tobias Buck, “Spanish Politics: Podemos’ populist surge,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Financial Times \u003C/em>(February 19, 2015), accessed April 24, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ft.com/content/ecca8824-b7a3-11e4-981d-00144feab7de\" data-href=\"https://www.ft.com/content/ecca8824-b7a3-11e4-981d-00144feab7de\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.ft.com/content/ecca8824-b7a3-11e4-981d-00144feab7de\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e9d0\" id=\"e9d0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">³³ Raphael Minder and David Zucchino, “Spaniards, Exhausted by Politics, Warm to Life Without a Government,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The New York Times \u003C/em>(October 2, 2016), accessed April 24, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/03/world/europe/spain-socialists-sanchez-rajoy.html?_r=2\" data-href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/03/world/europe/spain-socialists-sanchez-rajoy.html?_r=2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/03/world/europe/spain-socialists-sanchez-rajoy.html?_r=2\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3bbb\" id=\"3bbb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">³⁴ Jonathan Blitzer, “In Spain, Politics Via Reddit,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The New Yorker \u003C/em>(October 7, 2014), accessed April 24, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"http://www.newyorker.com/tech/elements/spain-politics-via-reddit\" data-href=\"http://www.newyorker.com/tech/elements/spain-politics-via-reddit\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.newyorker.com/tech/elements/spain-politics-via-reddit\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7c43\" id=\"7c43\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">³⁵ Hannah Cutler, “People-Driven Governance: Spain’s Podemos Party,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Governance Lab\u003C/em> (June 25, 2015), accessed June 21, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/people-driven-governance-spains-podemos-party/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/people-driven-governance-spains-podemos-party/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://thegovlab.org/people-driven-governance-spains-podemos-party/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/5-the-political-context-in-spain-and-elsewhere",{"title":3414,"description":3417},"5-the-political-context-in-spain-and-elsewhere","blogposts/5-the-political-context-in-spain-and-elsewhere","3qI8kmZiR5uRe_NOW04S4VZJGd0uZtmKlo-XJEBJ2Ac",{"id":3427,"title":3428,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3429,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3430,"description":3431,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3428,"image":3432,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3433,"meta":3434,"navigation":15,"path":3435,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3436,"slug":3437,"startTime":34,"stem":3438,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3439},"blogposts/blogposts/4-framework-for-institutional-public-engagement-in-lawmaking.json","4. FRAMEWORK FOR INSTITUTIONAL PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT IN LAWMAKING",[],"2017-09-19T16:41:52","This section offers a draft of provisions of a public engagement statute with an explanation and rationale for each. We also compare these…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*oAKcQqj3AO4GBCd9DT2wtQ.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"82ea\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"c5f7\" id=\"c5f7\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*oAKcQqj3AO4GBCd9DT2wtQ.jpeg\" data-width=\"1024\" data-height=\"1024\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*oAKcQqj3AO4GBCd9DT2wtQ.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"2938\" id=\"2938\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">4. CROWDLAW | FRAMEWORK FOR INSTITUTIONAL PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT IN LAWMAKING\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"7782\" id=\"7782\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">This section offers a draft of provisions of a public engagement statute with an explanation and rationale for each. We also compare these provisions to what was contained in the Podemos 2016 original draft.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"c073\" id=\"c073\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This is a draft version of the report (dated October 12, 2017) and will be updated in November.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6b1c\" id=\"6b1c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Building on our \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-summary-of-recommendations-84694cc723ef\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-summary-of-recommendations-84694cc723ef\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">recommendations\u003C/a>, the analysis of 25 global case studies (\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Appendix I: Case studies\u003C/em>), the draft of a public engagement law prepared by Podemos in 2016 (\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Appendix III: Outline of Podemos’s Draft Citizen Participation Law for the Autonomous Community of Madrid\u003C/em>), and comparative analysis of public engagement laws (\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Appendix IV: Public engagement legal frameworks\u003C/em>),¹ we outline draft provisions of a legal framework designed to institutionalize diverse yet manageable participation opportunities at every stage of lawmaking while ensuring that such participation is relevant and useful.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bac5\" id=\"bac5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This model is intended to jumpstart a consultation and drafting process for the Assembly and 179 City Councils of Madrid.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c2db\" id=\"c2db\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This new model draft shifts the emphasis from dictating and defining participation mechanisms a priori to creating the enabling conditions to catalyze participation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"041b\" id=\"041b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">By institutionalizing the \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">power to create, study, and evolve participation mechanisms\u003C/em> within the Lab, rather than specifically institutionalizing \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">the mechanisms themselves\u003C/em>, the Region can better assess and then adapt those mechanisms to the needs of the public and the government.² By focusing more on creating an infrastructure and culture for participation, the Region can implement existing practices or experiment with new ones yet to be developed. This provides the Region and City Councils more flexibility.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"8947\" id=\"8947\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*bLEm86qH79JNwvyEjlT2KQ.png\" data-width=\"1240\" data-height=\"740\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*bLEm86qH79JNwvyEjlT2KQ.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Figure 1: Key elements of the proposed legal framework for public participation for the Region of Madrid\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch4 name=\"c650\" id=\"c650\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">1. Establish the Open Assembly Lab\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"7d28\" id=\"7d28\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">This section establishes the Lab, sets out the duties of the Lab, discusses the metrics for its success, and creates the obligation to develop participation opportunities in consultation with both legislative staff and the public. Podemos’s earlier draft outlined specific participation mechanisms: Public Policy Conferences, Participatory Discussion Processes, and Public Consultations. But none of those methods were designed with consideration of the needs of the legislative process or how to optimize for new technology. Therefore, rather than dictate the specific method to be employed, this new draft mandates creation of the Lab and the design of new methods for engagement at every stage as well as testing what works.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"64ee\" id=\"64ee\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">a. Lab Establishment — \u003C/strong>The Open Assembly Lab shall have the mandate and ability to pilot new and innovative modes of public engagement in lawmaking. The Lab shall comprise an appointed staff with expertise in the lawmaking practices of the Assembly, new technology, and its uses for public participation. The Lab shall also establish an advisory board comprising global experts, lawmakers and their staff, and a representative sample of the region’s public to advise its work. In lieu of prescribing specific methodologies for public participation in the legislation, the bill should create this mechanism for designing, implementing, measuring, and improving engagement over time.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d8a1\" id=\"d8a1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">^ Why? The centerpiece of the proposed bill is the establishment of a unit within the Assembly — the Open Assembly Lab — which will be responsible for the design, implementation and evaluation of public engagement practices. The Lab concept builds on the Governing Body of Citizen Participation outlined in Section III (Article 62) of the 2016 draft law. But in contrast to the earlier draft, which defined specific (and outdated) methods for consultation, this bill would, instead, vest the Lab with the power and resources to design and implement new citizen engagement pilot programs and bind the legislature to use the platforms and practices it designs. This would allow new methods to be tried and tested, going beyond petitions to try out platforms and practices that might be better designed to improve legislation. The Lab would compromise a small full-time staff augmented by local and global know-how.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"96a2\" id=\"96a2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">b. Lab Authority to Bind the Legislature — \u003C/strong>Following enactment, the Lab will codify the provisions of this bill into a set of draft operating procedures for the Lab to follow in designing and developing crowdlaw pilots, platforms and practices. The procedures will lay out, inter alia, requirements for human-centered design and public consultation, establish metrics, and designate a pilot period for testing any crowdlaw practices. The procedures will be subject to public consultation and consultation with the Assembly’s staff and elected members in order that the Assembly implement the engagement practices developed by the Lab during the pilot period.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2754\" id=\"2754\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">^ Why? We want to create a learning process whereby the Assembly enhances the quality and accountability of its lawmaking, which will require committing to the use and evolution of public engagement processes over time. Thus there needs to be some language requiring a commitment on the part of the Assembly.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"26b3\" id=\"26b3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">c. Open Assembly Lab Activities — The Lab shall:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d9d0\" id=\"d9d0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">i. Have the power to bind the Assembly to use the mechanisms it develops as part of the conduct of formal lawmaking;\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"052d\" id=\"052d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">ii. Develop mechanisms to solicit four types of contributions, including: 1) opinions, 2) facts and information, 3) ideas and proposals, and 4) actions and tasks. The Lab shall innovate in the development of consultation mechanisms designed to elicit, where useful, these different types of contributions.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7a0b\" id=\"7a0b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">iii. One of those duties would be responsibility for moderating and facilitating engagement.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e5e7\" id=\"e5e7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">^ Why\u003C/em>? \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">One finding that consistently emerged from our case studies highlighted the crucial importance of moderating discussions during public engagements. Poor moderation can quickly derail the deliberative process and leave participants confused and frustrated. The need for moderation is equally important online and offline. Ireland’s We the Citizens pilot ran successful regional meetings in large part because of the role of skilled moderators. Parlement & Citoyens in France also relied on staff moderators to lead consultations, which helped facilitate discussions. Although volunteer moderators and peer-to-peer moderation enabled by a software platform are also options, some form of facilitation must always be considered. Article 28 § 2 of the draft bill on Participatory Discussion Processes places the responsibility for facilitating discussions on the Public Administration themselves, but it is unclear who is contemplated here. Such lack of precision raises the risk of poor facilitation, which should be the responsibility of the Lab to design.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c6f8\" id=\"c6f8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">iv. Design, procure, implement, and evaluate online and offline forms of exchange and communication between institutions and the community;\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d7be\" id=\"d7be\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">v. Develop the process for public engagement practices for every stage of the lawmaking process, as set forth in Section 7;\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dd30\" id=\"dd30\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">vi. Moderate and curate public engagement mechanisms to ensure high quality and civil participation opportunities;\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d9d1\" id=\"d9d1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">vii. Conduct trainings and education of the public and lawmakers to improve the workings of public participation in lawmaking; and\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e5b9\" id=\"e5b9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">viii. Openly publish its training materials and provide assistance to cities requesting advice on their own participatory processes.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3e2d\" id=\"3e2d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">^ Why? Different points in the lawmaking process call for additional information. At the outset ideas and proposals about what to include in the draft might be more useful, whereas factual information is needed to improve and validate the draft of a bill. Opinions might be desirable throughout. Finally, the Assembly might need people to go out and gather data about a law’s impact post-passage. What is paramount is to go beyond petitions and “naked suggestions” to elicit input that is useful and manageable.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c40b\" id=\"c40b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">d. Lab Commitment to Human-Centered Design — \u003C/strong>When designing participation processes and platforms, whether digital or face-to-face, and whether designed to solicit opinions, ideas, or tasks at each stage of the legislative process, the Lab shall seek to maximize simplicity, clarity, and adaptability of use by the end user and by the Assembly. To ensure that processes and platforms address the needs, objectives, behavior, and capabilities of a wide range of end users, the Lab should conduct human-centered design and solicit the input of both the public and lawmakers to the end of designing participatory mechanisms that improve the quality and efficiency of the lawmaking process The Lab shall produce a written impact assessment articulating the goals and assumptions underlying the final design of any public engagement processes.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d610\" id=\"d610\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">^ Why? It is not enough to create an app or a website for engagement. Participation must be designed and managed to be both attractive for the public and useful to the institution of the Assembly. Therefore, there is need for a body with responsibility to manage public engagement and to integrate it into the workflow of the legislature. As Croatia’s engagement law makes clear in \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://int.uzuvrh.hr/userfiles/file/code%20of%20practice%20on%20consultation-croatia.pdf\" data-href=\"http://int.uzuvrh.hr/userfiles/file/code%20of%20practice%20on%20consultation-croatia.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Section 4\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, effectiveness is paramount: “In order to be effective, consultation with the interested public is initiated at a time when it is still possible to influence the drafting of laws, other regulations and acts, that is at the early stage of their drafting, when all options for their improvement and amendment are still open. The procedure for conducting consultations should maintain an acceptable balance between the need for effective enactment of laws and adoption of other regulations and acts, and the need for an appropriate contribution by the representatives of the interested public.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"05f5\" id=\"05f5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">e. Metrics —\u003C/strong> The Lab shall define metrics for the success of public engagement and shall evaluate its work against those metrics. Especially because the Lab will work to create more opportunities to participate that are tailored to people’s interests and expertise, metrics shall not be limited to the number of people participating in any one process; metrics shall include measures of the impact of engagement on lawmaking as well as measures of the diversity of participation to ensure engagement by those from diverse socio-economic, gender, religious, ethnic, political, citizenship, and educational backgrounds. Metrics shall measure promotion of the inclusion of inadequately represented voices and interests. The Lab shall revise this non-exhaustive list of metrics regularly and set annual targets, recognizing that successful practices must be evolved and developed over time. The Lab shall be required to report online to the public and the Assembly progress against the principles outlined in the bill on a quarterly basis. It shall be required to publish anonymized aggregate data for download about online participation activities to enable research and improvement.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"2049\" id=\"2049\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">2. Declare public participation as a right\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"fbb5\" id=\"fbb5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Participation contributes to the strengthening of democracy and democratic institutions. Participation should promote processes whose design and implementation foster co-responsibility with the public and recognize that every member of the Spanish public has something to contribute.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"db23\" id=\"db23\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">^ Why? A clear statement of confidence in public’s ability is consistent with the vision and goals of the party and helps set this proposal apart. In addition, however, any legislation could also include a general statement of principles, such as \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://aragonparticipa.aragon.es/sites/default/files/ley_8_2015_de_transparencia_y_participacion_ciudadana_de_aragon.pdf\" data-href=\"http://aragonparticipa.aragon.es/sites/default/files/ley_8_2015_de_transparencia_y_participacion_ciudadana_de_aragon.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Aragon’s 2015 law on citizen engagement\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> or \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://www.comune.bologna.it/sites/default/files/documenti/REGOLAMENTO%20BENI%20COMUNI.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.comune.bologna.it/sites/default/files/documenti/REGOLAMENTO%20BENI%20COMUNI.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Bologna’s law on citizen collaboration and the urban commons.\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"4b5d\" id=\"4b5d\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">3. Articulate the purpose of participation\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"fde9\" id=\"fde9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">The purpose of participation is to tap the intelligence, expertise, and experience of the public, including individuals, civil society organizations, businesses, and civil servants by integrating useful participation into the lawmaking process at every stage to solve problems and improve lives.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7cc8\" id=\"7cc8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">^ Why? Participation can have many goals, ranging from fostering deliberation to creating consensus to strengthening social cohesion, thus it is important to articulate the core goal of enhancing governing in order that the law addresses how to integrate participation into lawmaking. Civil society organizations can already establish mechanisms for lobbying parliament and platform creators can launch apps to amplify public voice. Legislation is not needed in order to create a website or ask the public to participate. Rather, public engagement legislation is needed to address the role of the legislative body, ensuring that it adapts its practices to make engagement relevant. Case study research affirms that institutionalized crowdlaw initiatives — e.g. those managed in part by government, or that have guaranteed government review of public input, such as Brazil’s HackerLab, Better Neighborhoods, and vTaiwan — are more successful in soliciting and reacting to public input because the crowdlaw initiative is aligned with existing processes.³ Similarly, India’s \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.mygov.in/\" data-href=\"https://www.mygov.in/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">MyGov\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> platform has mandated that any Ministry seeking public input must go through the platform (and has registered over 2 million users).⁴\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"5871\" id=\"5871\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">4. Actively foster participation\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"1a21\" id=\"1a21\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">The Assembly, via the Lab, shall actively take steps to foster engagement and participation by: 1) investing in training and education about how the Assembly makes decisions, its jurisdiction and lawmaking processes; 2) investing in training and education of the public, especially Spain’s youth, about citizenship and public participation, especially in schools; 3) investing in training and education about the new public engagement law; and 4) taking proactive steps to promote engagement by a diverse public.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"799a\" id=\"799a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">^ Why? The government will need to take steps to promote active participation, actively involving the public in developing and implementing law. Bologna’s law on public engagement emphasizes training, including in schools, in \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://www.comune.bologna.it/sites/default/files/documenti/REGOLAMENTO%20BENI%20COMUNI.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.comune.bologna.it/sites/default/files/documenti/REGOLAMENTO%20BENI%20COMUNI.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Title V\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">. Also Articles 60 and 62 of the old draft also called for promotion and outreach of the bill itself, but were thin when it comes to training people about the legislative process. Examples of outreach mechanisms are myriad; for example, in Lisbon, the city government traveled throughout the city with a Participatory Budgeting Bus to help promote PB and offer a chance to participate on the spot. Similarly, Ireland’s We the Citizens program established regional meetings throughout the country to generate a geographically representative sample of participants.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"c1fa\" id=\"c1fa\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">5. Transparency and accountability\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"5584\" id=\"5584\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">a. Legislative Transparency and the Right to Know —\u003C/strong> Participation is not possible without understanding the process in which one is participating. The public has a right to know in plain language about the deliberations and decisions of the Assembly in connection with specific bills, what is adopted, the intended purpose of any enacted law, and who are the responsible persons (sponsors and signatories), with a clear, plain, accessible language accompanying a statement of the law’s objectives and requirements. All information shall be public, complete, timely, and accessible, subject only to exceptions defined by the legislation in force.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"33cb\" id=\"33cb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">^ Why? Without knowing how lawmaking works, it is impossible for people to participate meaningfully. In a democracy, people have a right to know how legislation is enacted and what is enacted, by whom and to what end to foster accountability. In contrast to Section 4, which addresses the need to train people in how a bill becomes a law in general terms, Section 5 addresses transparency in connection with specific bills. In a final draft, Sections 4 and 5 could be combined. Such provisions on transparency are not uncommon. See \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://aragonparticipa.aragon.es/sites/default/files/ley_8_2015_de_transparencia_y_participacion_ciudadana_de_aragon.pdf\" data-href=\"http://aragonparticipa.aragon.es/sites/default/files/ley_8_2015_de_transparencia_y_participacion_ciudadana_de_aragon.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Article 6 of Aragon’s 2015 law, for example.\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"84ac\" id=\"84ac\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">b. Online Publication — \u003C/strong>The Assembly’s bills and enacted legislation, together with the responsible persons (sponsors and signatories), a summary of every bill, a statement of its intended purpose, and other metadata to be defined by Public Engagement Lab, shall be published online in machine-readable XML and in human-readable form to enable both printing of formatted paper copies and the extraction and analysis of information.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ff3f\" id=\"ff3f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">^\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> Why?\u003C/em> \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">If published as open, machine-readable data, legislative information can be analyzed more effectively to enable, for example, finding every place that money is appropriated or every bill that touches on education, or to assess who is introducing the most and the least legislation. The data standards for what information must be included and its formatting should be established by the Lab in consultation with legislative staff, local and global experts and the public.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9a6d\" id=\"9a6d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">c. Publish a Calendar of Participation Opportunities —\u003C/strong> To enable participation, the Assembly shall regularly publish a calendar of all opportunities to participate in machine- and human-readable form.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ca25\" id=\"ca25\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">^ Why?\u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">People cannot participate if they do not know when and how to do so.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"4159\" id=\"4159\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">6. Incorporate engagement at every phase of lawmaking\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"2a14\" id=\"2a14\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">a. Participation at Every Point in the Lifecycle of a Bill — \u003C/strong>Participation shall become part of the standard practice of legislating. By offering efficient engagement opportunities at each stage, the public can contribute and the Assembly can receive useful input at the right time. The Lab shall design and test diverse, innovative, and efficient mechanisms for soliciting public input on:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8a21\" id=\"8a21\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Agenda-setting \u003C/strong>— when the Assembly decides which issues to take up. This is an opportunity for the public to propose, prioritize and critique problems to tackle. Any process shall define thresholds for required consideration and mechanisms designed to ensure that the public defines problems and provides supporting evidence. Examples of agenda-setting mechanisms include town halls, open innovation, deliberation and ideation platforms, and e-petition mechanisms;\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"633b\" id=\"633b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Proposal-making \u003C/strong>— when the legislative body arrives at the substance of a solution to a problem. This presents a chance to suggest, deliberate upon, and critique proposed approaches. Methods employed should enable citizens to submit solutions, defining practical approaches to problems. Examples of such methods include challenge and ideation processes. Recommended processes should define conditions under which the Assembly must respond to proposals that meet a set of published criteria;\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2e19\" id=\"2e19\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Drafting\u003C/strong> — when lawmaking bodies memorialize solutions through the writing of legislation. This provides an opportunity to draft collaboratively and to solicit comments, questions, and critiques on a draft. Examples include collaborative drafting and annotation platforms;\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1b12\" id=\"1b12\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Implementation\u003C/strong> — when legislatures delegate administrative bodies or staff the task of turning law into practice. This presents another chance for participation, where the public can help lay out concrete plans. Examples include co-creation and open innovation processes; and\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3b5a\" id=\"3b5a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Evaluation\u003C/strong> — when parliaments determine the downstream impact, including both cost and benefits, of legislation on people’s lives. This is an opportunity for engagement, soliciting ideas, for example, from the public about how to measure impact and what data to use for that purpose, as well as an opportunity for citizens to monitor the success of the implementation. Examples include monitoring and reporting apps and programs.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2651\" id=\"2651\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">^ Why?\u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> \u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Current crowdlaw practices generally mimic offline mechanisms such as petitions and referenda as is the case in Finland’s system, which has \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://translate.google.com/translate?sl=fi&tl=en&js=n&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&layout=2&eotf=1&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.finlex.fi%2Ffi%2Flaki%2Falkup%2F2012%2F20120012\" data-href=\"http://translate.google.com/translate?sl=fi&tl=en&js=n&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&layout=2&eotf=1&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.finlex.fi%2Ffi%2Flaki%2Falkup%2F2012%2F20120012\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">legislated public initiatives\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> only. Crowdlaw practices are clustered toward the beginning of the legislative process. The 2016 draft, for example, does not describe any engagement processes designed to inform the drafting and evolutions of bills only mechanisms to propose issues, identify solutions and propose new drafts.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"5c98\" id=\"5c98\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*WskJ3KyhTcD0nHre98Vaig.png\" data-width=\"1354\" data-height=\"818\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*WskJ3KyhTcD0nHre98Vaig.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Figure 2: \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">CrowdLaw mechanisms described by the Podemos 2016 draft\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"5123\" id=\"5123\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">b. Offline Engagement — \u003C/strong>At every stage of the lawmaking process, the Lab shall develop complementary offline as well as online engagement opportunities across a wide variety of channels to ensure inclusive participation. The Lab shall test and assess who is reached via which channels.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3523\" id=\"3523\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">^ Why? Available channels for participation should be expanded without sacrificing efficiency. As was the case in British Columbia with the implementation of GovTogetherBC, allowing for participation through as many channels as possible — including phone, mail, email, online, and in person — provides participants with the opportunity to engage in a consultation through the medium most convenient to them. Thus, GovTogetherBC was able to solicit hundreds of thousands of total responses across hundreds of engagements. Similarly, the Participatory Budgeting laws in both Lisbon and Paris broadened the base of involved citizens by ensuring that one could fully participate in the process either through face-to-face meetings or online.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9027\" id=\"9027\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">c. Plain Language Instructions —\u003C/strong> At every stage, the Lab shall publish clear and plain language directions for how to participate, any thresholds or deadlines, how the participation will be used, the timeline for participation, and the anticipated feedback mechanism. The role that the mechanism is meant to play in Madrid’s legislative process must be clearly communicated at the outset of any consultation. The Lab shall also publish clear and plain language directions for the Assembly for how to take feedback on board.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d9c0\" id=\"d9c0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">^ Why?\u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Although we have already set forth a requirement to explain how a bill becomes a law and to make the legislative agenda transparent, this provision deals with the requirement to provide instructions about how to participate. We have intentionally omitted the provision in Article 7 of the 2016 draft requiring that all forms of participation be open to all, because we recognize that the Assembly should be free, for example, to solicit the opinions of teachers on a draft bill about education or of residents of public housing for a bill on housing, while creating a separate channel for general input.\u003Cbr>As a general rule, successful crowdsourcing initiatives set criteria for who can participate. There is value to preserving flexibility for the Lab to design targeted crowdsourcing opportunities while ensuring nondiscrimination. In the UK Parliament’s Public Reading Stage Pilot, for example, subsequent evaluation found that larger numbers of participants were more likely to reflect interest group involvement than public sentiment thus open engagement is not necessarily the way to guarantee democratic participation.⁵ Second, Articles 18, 26, and 49 (related to Public Policy Conferences, Participatory Discussion Processes, and Popular Initiatives, respectively) of the 2016 draft specify that the support of at least 0.1% of the population is necessary to initiate a citizen engagement mechanism. Although such thresholds can help ensure that public funds are not expended on managing poorly attended consultations and that minorities cannot distort the process of democratic governing, experience also shows that such thresholds can have a chilling effect on citizen engagement. Tuscany’s citizen engagement law, for instance, required that for large scale public works, the assent of 0.5% of the population was needed to trigger a consultation. This threshold was not conducive to consultations. In actuality, the first public consultation did not occur until 2016, following the enactment of Law 46/2013, which automatically initiated such processes for certain large scale public works.⁶ Although the threshold in Podemos’s draft law is smaller by a factor of five, it is also important to note that the Community of Madrid’s population is approximately twice that of the Region of Tuscany’s. In some circumstances, it will be advisable to establish thresholds to avoid plebiscitary governance but, in other circumstances, such as when specific information is needed, participation by small numbers of the right individuals will be preferable to mass engagement. Thus we have left this requirement flexible.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4ad0\" id=\"4ad0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">d. Pilots and Experimentation —\u003C/strong> Because participation must accomplish measurable benefits, the Assembly shall implement and the Lab shall test new participation practices during defined pilot periods that will be used to measure efficacy and improve practices.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6621\" id=\"6621\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">^ Why? Given the novelty of online engagement, especially practices that go beyond familiar petitions and town hall meetings, it is important to test what works by piloting new practices as the Bundestag did when it moved the petition process from offline to on or as the British Parliament did when it testing online bill commenting. Experimentation was particularly important to the success of several case studies we examined. Lisbon’s participatory budgeting program, for instance, grew in large part due its flexible design. Similarly, vTaiwan’s independence enabled it to incorporate new and innovative technology into its consultation platform. Embodying a similarly experimental spirit into the Lab and its practices could help generate ideas and creative thinking\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9044\" id=\"9044\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">In contrast to the earlier draft, which mandated the practices to be used a priori, the Lab should be empowered to run short term pilots of engagement opportunities.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"cfd0\" id=\"cfd0\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">7. Evaluation and testing\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"e292\" id=\"e292\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">a. Surveys — \u003C/strong>Following every participatory exercise, the Lab shall randomly survey public participants, Assembly members, staff, and those who did not participate to learn how to improve the process.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dbaf\" id=\"dbaf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">^ Why? The law should mandate ongoing surveys of participants in the various citizen engagement activities in order to assess the level of awareness in the community about the citizen engagement law, as well as the satisfaction levels of those who participate in the program. In addition and, where practicable, the Lab should survey Madrileños who do not participate as well to understand why. An excellent example of such a survey can be found in the We the Citizens pilot program that was initiated in Ireland: a thorough survey of participants was issued concurrently in order to understand how participants’ attitudes changed over the course of the process.⁷ In contrast, an observed weakness in Paris’s participatory budgeting program is a lack of understanding as to who is participating, which would have helped the city understand whether or not they were successfully engaging with underserved communities.⁸\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"daa9\" id=\"daa9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">b. Research and Evaluation —\u003C/strong> In order to design effective participation opportunities that benefit the public and the Assembly, research is needed to test innovative processes and platforms. The Lab shall collaborate with members of the research community to design and implement research experiments. Research may involve natural experiments to observe how platforms work, who participates, and how. In addition, the Lab shall, where appropriate and practicable, run randomized controlled trials (RCTs) by dividing participants into two groups and presenting them with alternative participation experiences. Such \u003Ca href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/62529/TLA-1906126.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/62529/TLA-1906126.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">A/B testing\u003C/a> could be used to measure different ways, for example, of explaining how to participate to the public to understand what works better. A/B testing and other research results shall be reported on a quarterly basis with upcoming experiments made transparent to the public and the research design published for public comment at least one quarter prior to the implementation of the experiment.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c46f\" id=\"c46f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">^ Why? A critical component of successful citizen engagement laws is the ability to iterate and experiment. The highly contextual nature of democratic participation means that there is no “one size fits all” solution for civic engagement that can be easily ported from one context to the next; while a range of potentially effective and ineffective designs are available, the precise nature of any system’s implementation will necessarily require fine-tuning. To that end, testing and experimentation are critical to the sustained success of a citizen engagement program; indeed, comprehensive and ongoing evaluations are necessary to know if the law is successful in the first place. To this end, Articles 72–74 of the earlier draft provided for monitoring and assessment of participation activities, the creation of a “Public Participation Observatory” to oversee evaluations of the law, and comprehensive review of the program after five years have elapsed. Given the importance of ongoing evaluation and assessment, we have amended the draft in two ways. First, we outline a non-exhaustive set of metrics (currently listed in Section 2) to be collected from every public participation practice. Second, a five-year reporting timeline is much too long given the ability to do real-time and automated data collection from engagement platforms. Therefore, we propose the incorporation of A/B testing into the implementation of any public engagement practice.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9d85\" id=\"9d85\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">- Gabriella Capone & Beth Noveck\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"0213\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"b688\" id=\"b688\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Next posts in the series:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"6ead\" id=\"6ead\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">#5. \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-the-political-context-in-spain-and-elsewhere-c00828be7e87\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-the-political-context-in-spain-and-elsewhere-c00828be7e87\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw | The political context in Spain and elsewhere\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"15f3\" id=\"15f3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">#6. \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-why-public-engagement-normative-goals-9b5c9024e563\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-why-public-engagement-normative-goals-9b5c9024e563\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw | Why public engagement? Normative goals\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f109\" id=\"f109\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">#7. \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-case-studies-30cc06e9a5a6\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-case-studies-30cc06e9a5a6\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw | 25 Global Citizen Engagement Case Studies\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"7559\" id=\"7559\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Or go to the first post in the series and table of contents \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"38de\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"30f8\" id=\"30f8\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading\">Footnotes\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"6a14\" id=\"6a14\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">¹ See \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Appendix IV.\u003C/em> For full texts and supporting materials, please consult \u003Ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/drive/u/2/folders/0B8Z5IxMhI3zOSnNsZTUzYU9XWGM\" data-href=\"https://drive.google.com/drive/u/2/folders/0B8Z5IxMhI3zOSnNsZTUzYU9XWGM\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">this folder\u003C/a> (Spain; Bologna, Italy; the Republic of Croatia; the Republic of Finland; the Republic of South Africa; the Region of Tuscany, Italy; the United States; and the Autonomous Community of Valencia, Spain.)\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fecf\" id=\"fecf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">² This generally follows the strategy pursued by the Region of Tuscany, which first instituted the principle of participation in the regional government through Law 69/2007. The law was created through an inclusive, deliberative process, but intentionally did not set out specific mechanisms. Then, Law 46/2013 built on Law 69 and created a permanent legal framework, outlining specific mechanisms for agencies to follow. However, the Lab would enable the Madrid Region to immediately start experimenting with participatory processes!\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d429\" id=\"d429\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">³ Systems are institutionalized in different ways, and see different benefits as a result. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Parlement & Citoyens’s\u003C/em> consultations are sponsored by representatives who set a narrow topic for the consultation, ensuring that public input is always on-topic. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Better Neighborhoods\u003C/em> in Reykjavik guarantees government review of the most popular proposals, and \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">vTaiwan\u003C/em> guarantees the review of proposals on which a consensus has been reached — bringing transparency and a rhythm into the process. As discussed, Law 69/2007 institutionalizes the government’s commitment to public participation, laying the groundwork for more specific mechanisms.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7668\" id=\"7668\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁴ “MyGov User Manual,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology (Meity),\u003C/em> \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">National Informatics Centre (NIC)\u003C/em>, accessed July 24, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"https://www.mygov.in/sites/default/files/Help%20Document.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.mygov.in/sites/default/files/Help%20Document.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.mygov.in/sites/default/files/Help%20Document.pdf\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0d2b\" id=\"0d2b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁵ Lucy Petrie, Jessica Mulley, “Evaluation of the Public Reading Stage Pilot,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Scrutiny Unit, UK Parliament \u003C/em>(2013), available at \u003Ca href=\"https://www.parliament.uk/documents/commons/Scrutiny/SU-PRS-Evaluation-FINAL-June-2013-JNM.PDF.\" data-href=\"https://www.parliament.uk/documents/commons/Scrutiny/SU-PRS-Evaluation-FINAL-June-2013-JNM.PDF.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.parliament.uk/documents/commons/Scrutiny/SU-PRS-Evaluation-FINAL-June-2013-JNM.PDF\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7e7f\" id=\"7e7f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁶ “The Tuscany Regional Participation Policy, Italy,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Participedia\u003C/em>, last modified December 19, 2016, available at \u003Ca href=\"http://participedia.net/en/cases/tuscany-regional-participation-policy-italy#_ftnref1\" data-href=\"http://participedia.net/en/cases/tuscany-regional-participation-policy-italy#_ftnref1\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://participedia.net/en/cases/tuscany-regional-participation-policy-italy#_ftnref1\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"324d\" id=\"324d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁷ “Participatory democracy in action — a pilot,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">We the Citizens\u003C/em> (December 2011): 30–32, available at \u003Ca href=\"http://www.atlanticphilanthropies.org/app/uploads/2015/09/We-the-Citizens-2011-FINAL.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.atlanticphilanthropies.org/app/uploads/2015/09/We-the-Citizens-2011-FINAL.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.atlanticphilanthropies.org/app/uploads/2015/09/We-the-Citizens-2011-FINAL.pdf\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"035b\" id=\"035b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">⁸ Julie Simon, Theo Bass, Victoria Boelman, and Geoff Mulgan, “Digital Democracy: The tools transforming political engagement,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Nesta \u003C/em>(February 2017), accessed June 26, 2017, available at \u003Ca href=\"http://www.nesta.org.uk/sites/default/files/digital_democracy.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.nesta.org.uk/sites/default/files/digital_democracy.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.nesta.org.uk/sites/default/files/digital_democracy.pdf\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/4-framework-for-institutional-public-engagement-in-lawmaking",{"title":3428,"description":3431},"4-framework-for-institutional-public-engagement-in-lawmaking","blogposts/4-framework-for-institutional-public-engagement-in-lawmaking","uwDCFNfJsw6aMd75eMS8jBi4q05ZDeL3WOzGOsYxaoY",{"id":3441,"title":3442,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3443,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3444,"description":3445,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3442,"image":3446,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3447,"meta":3448,"navigation":15,"path":3449,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3450,"slug":3451,"startTime":34,"stem":3452,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3453},"blogposts/blogposts/3-10-recommendations-for-designing-better-crowdlaw-initiatives.json","3. 10 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DESIGNING BETTER CROWDLAW INITIATIVES",[],"2017-09-19T16:26:36","In this section we summarize ten recommendations for the thoughtful design of crowdlaw initiatives organized around: clarifying the demand…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*WRM6zOySDJaCYQyrUZwJ9Q.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"96c3\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"34c3\" id=\"34c3\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*WRM6zOySDJaCYQyrUZwJ9Q.jpeg\" data-width=\"1024\" data-height=\"1024\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*WRM6zOySDJaCYQyrUZwJ9Q.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"d019\" id=\"d019\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">3. CROWDLAW | 10 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DESIGNING BETTER CROWDLAW INITIATIVES\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"5e52\" id=\"5e52\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">In this section we summarize ten recommendations for the thoughtful design of crowdlaw initiatives organized around: clarifying the demand for participation, increasing the supply of public participants and information, and experimenting with and improving on initiatives. The recommendations are relevant across all stages of the legislative process.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"1e6e\" id=\"1e6e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This is a draft version of the report (dated October 12, 2017) and will be updated in November.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b094\" id=\"b094\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">What distinguishes successful crowdlaw processes is not the choice of technology platform, but whether the process is well-integrated into the mechanics of lawmaking. Does participation go beyond mere suggestions to yield constructive participation? Is participation curated to foster meaningful engagement? Is work done by the people integrated into the workflow of professional staff? These recommendations summarize our key learnings about how best to design initiatives such that crowdlaw enhances the legitimacy and effectiveness of lawmaking.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"bdb8\" id=\"bdb8\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Clarify the demand for participation\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"dc6f\" id=\"dc6f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">1. Optimize for institutional as well as public engagement. \u003C/strong>Crowdlaw designers concentrate on making public input easy for individuals, but to be successful any process also needs to make input useful to institutions. Therefore, consider the needs of the government and public servants and create platforms and processes that account for obligatory and acculturated processes and the staff’s capabilities. This principle does not rule out changes to legal procedures or the hiring of staff with relevant skills to enable public participation, but there must be a workflow that makes the inputs from participation usable. For example, of the 2 million petitions submitted on the White House’s \u003Ca href=\"https://petitions.whitehouse.gov/\" data-href=\"https://petitions.whitehouse.gov/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">We the People\u003C/a> e-petition platform, not one can be directly tied to a government action, arguably because a petition with no supporting documentation creates, rather than alleviates, work for public officials. Such a platform is not well-designed to enhance decision-making, nor does it create an established process for channeling the right information to the right policymakers.¹\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0293\" id=\"0293\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">2. Design to achieve the desired goal. \u003C/strong>Public engagement has the potential to foster democratic legitimacy, build social cohesion, increase government accountability, and improve the quality of legislation. An engagement process that asks people how they feel about a draft bill accomplishes a different purpose from a process that asks them, for example, to supply data to inform the crafting of the bill, or that invites them to use cellphones to monitor its implementation. The choice of goal will dictate what constitutes a successful system and \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">the information or action that is sought from the public\u003C/strong>. Thus, if the goal is to obtain implementable proposals, do not ask merely for ideas. Ask for ideas supported by evidence. In the case of Peer to Patent, which was engagement by an administrative agency not the legislative branch, the United States Patent Office asked participants to supply information that would help a patent examiner determine whether an invention met the criteria for a patent. They did not, however, ask for people’s opinion about the patent, since that would have been legally irrelevant to the decisionmaking process.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"074f\" id=\"074f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">3. Identify who will manage the process. \u003C/strong>One finding that consistently emerged from our analysis of global cases was that moderating the discussion during engagement is crucially important. Poor moderation can quickly derail the process and leave participants confused and frustrated. Although peer-to-peer community moderation can help to distribute the work by inviting the public to moderate one another, such as by upvoting and downvoting and flagging contributions as spam or abusive. The plan must also include a professional team to respond and explain how input will be used. This is an important part of the bridge connecting the public and government participants. For instance, \u003Ca href=\"https://edemocracia.camara.leg.br/home\" data-href=\"https://edemocracia.camara.leg.br/home\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">LabHacker/E-Democracia\u003C/a> in Brazil uses 200 volunteer legislative consultants to serve as “technical translators” between citizens and representatives and help to ensure that input meets legal requirements.² Similarly, the process on \u003Ca href=\"https://www.parlement-et-citoyens.fr/\" data-href=\"https://www.parlement-et-citoyens.fr/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Parlement & Citoyens\u003C/a> is facilitated by volunteers. The same directive applies to offline engagement: citizen assemblies coordinated by Ireland’s \u003Ca href=\"http://www.wethecitizens.ie/\" data-href=\"http://www.wethecitizens.ie/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">We the Citizens\u003C/a> ran successful regional meetings largely because of the role of skilled moderators.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d54e\" id=\"d54e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">4. Plan for use, not only solicitation. \u003C/strong>Public engagement without an institutional learning mechanism for taking outside contributions onboard and integrating them is frustrating for all involved. By analogy, government can open and publish its public procurement data, but such transparency does not in itself reduce corruption. Rather, public institutions have to learn how to use such data to change how they buy goods and services. Similarly, capacity must be built within legislatures to curate and use public input. This might require changes to the current processes by which legislation is proposed, drafted, negotiated, and implemented. As important as soliciting public input is, there must be a corresponding learning mechanism for redesigning how the parliament operates to make beneficial use of engagement.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"2501\" id=\"2501\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Increase the supply of public participants and information\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"3fac\" id=\"3fac\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">5. Focus on incentives. Ask: “why should a member of the public participate?” and get the answer by talking to and surveying potential users.\u003C/strong> Crowdsourcing literature indicates that perceived meaningfulness and fairness are critical to the quality of contributions and the viability of crowdsourcing platforms.³ The onus is on managers not only to design a process that can have meaningful impact on government, but to articulate for the public their potential for impact, while making it easy for them to do so. In other words, make the rationale for participation explicit and “sell” the reasons to participate through both good design and clear explanation. On \u003Ca href=\"https://decide.madrid.es\" data-href=\"https://decide.madrid.es\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Decide Madrid\u003C/a>, a platform launched by the Madrid City Council for public participation in decision-making, the section where users can make proposals is much more popular than the discussion section because proposals are binding and have the potential to create change, whereas discussions are simply fora for more discussion. A survey of 482 users who had not registered for Decide Madrid found that 11% said participation was pointless, and 27% said they lacked time to participate — — the most common reason cited for non-participation.⁴ If an individual cannot quickly engage on a platform, it will be very difficult to overcome that reluctance through other incentives.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b7aa\" id=\"b7aa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">6. Explain clearly how to participate. \u003C/strong>The legislative process is complex, with many more bills proposed than ever become law. Therefore, a successful public engagement must explain the process and what is being asked of the participant, including setting out thresholds for action, such as the number of signatures required or what it takes for a comment to be considered. Crowdsourcing literature indicates that when “average participants” are “asked to perform technical tasks with specific instructions and detailed job classifications, their performance is equal to or better than the performance of experts.”⁵ For instance, in the annual “Help Cut Red Tape” reports of British Columbia’s \u003Ca href=\"https://engage.gov.bc.ca/govtogetherbc/consultation/help-cut-red-tape-public-engagement/\" data-href=\"https://engage.gov.bc.ca/govtogetherbc/consultation/help-cut-red-tape-public-engagement/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">GovTogetherBC\u003C/a>, clearly explains what an engagement is about, how input will matter, and when to participate. The reports details popular ideas for streamlining government, statistics about the participation process, ideas submitted, and the government action taken on the issue (Figure 1). Such information helps participants understand in real time how their participation is transforming into government action. The \u003Ca href=\"https://www.lisboaparticipa.pt/\" data-href=\"https://www.lisboaparticipa.pt/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Lisbon Participatory Budgeting\u003C/a> process drove votes from 2,800 in 2008 to 29,000 in 2012 by increasing the presence and clarity of the process, such as adding a feature allowing citizens to track the state of implementation of successful proposals, setting up mobile participation booths, and even touring the city with a “Participatory Budgeting Bus.”⁶\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"35a2\" id=\"35a2\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*8wKQ5_l5bgBAKarOkTKZwQ.png\" data-width=\"1194\" data-height=\"873\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*8wKQ5_l5bgBAKarOkTKZwQ.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Figure 1: GovTogetherBC’s \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://engage.gov.bc.ca/app/uploads/sites/126/2016/03/Red-Tape-Reduction-Engagement-Report.pdf\" data-href=\"https://engage.gov.bc.ca/app/uploads/sites/126/2016/03/Red-Tape-Reduction-Engagement-Report.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Help Cut Tape Report\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\"> connects ideas submitted by citizens with specific government action on the topic\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"39fb\" id=\"39fb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">7. Respect privacy and authenticate users when needed\u003C/strong>. Although it is technically possible to certify residency or identity, decide whether and when such hurdles are necessary. For example, if the goal is to get the best ideas to solve a problem, does it matter where they come from? In order to direct opportunities to participate to people based on their interests, a voluntary request for information might be welcome where involuntary data collection on people’s preferences may not. As an example of participant vetting Reykjavik’s City Council is obliged to consider the 12–15 most popular proposals on the \u003Ca href=\"https://betrireykjavik.is/domain/1\" data-href=\"https://betrireykjavik.is/domain/1\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Better Reykjavik/Better Neighborhoods\u003C/a> platform each month, so it authenticates participants using an electronic ID or password delivered through the citizen’s online bank to ensure one-citizen-one-vote. As an example of more complex authentication, \u003Ca href=\"https://decide.madrid.es/\" data-href=\"https://decide.madrid.es/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Decide Madrid\u003C/a> has a three-tiered system that determines the actions a member of the public can take consisting of:\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Unregistered users\u003C/em> may browse site content.\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Basic verified users\u003C/em> — verified through residence data and a mobile phone number — can post in discussions as well as create and support proposals.\u003Cbr>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Completely verified users \u003C/em>— verified in-person or via mail — can do all of those actions plus vote on proposals.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"61f8\" id=\"61f8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">8. Communicate the outcome of final decisions. \u003C/strong>Public officials should respond to contributions and endeavor to communicate regularly about outcomes. Even if the public is invited only to participate in making proposals at the outset, create a mechanism to share final outcomes. For instance, participants of \u003Ca href=\"https://vtaiwan.tw/\" data-href=\"https://vtaiwan.tw/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">vTaiwan\u003C/a> engage in on-going deliberations with each other and with representatives of relevant government ministries. Participants know that if consensus is reached, the Taiwanese government must either adopt the idea or provide a response as to why the idea is not feasible. \u003Ca href=\"https://engage.gov.bc.ca/govtogetherbc/consultation/help-cut-red-tape-public-engagement/\" data-href=\"https://engage.gov.bc.ca/govtogetherbc/consultation/help-cut-red-tape-public-engagement/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">GovTogetherBC\u003C/a> publishes the results of every engagement. On the other hand, the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.irekia.euskadi.eus/en\" data-href=\"http://www.irekia.euskadi.eus/en\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Irekia\u003C/a> system in Spain’s Basque region lacks thresholds for when citizens’ proposals receive a government response or are deemed actionable, creating ambiguity around what it takes for government to actually engage with a citizen proposal.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cdf2\" id=\"cdf2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">9. Diversify engagement opportunities and diversify who participates. \u003C/strong>Empirical research suggests that participation opportunities may be failing to attract diverse participation. Ensuring participation by diverse members of the public is hard work, including investment in campaigns to recruit and give voice to the voiceless. A study of the representativeness of 186 of the participants who contributed ideas to improving an off-road traffic law found that they were overwhelmingly male (86%), had formal education, and were between 35–54 years old (46%). They also had previous civic experience: 72% of participants had written on an online forum prior, 41% had contacted a representative, and 33% had written an op-ed before.⁷ Attracting diverse participation was a common challenge for all case studies (detailed in the Discussion section). Causes of demographic imbalance include citizens’ time or ability to the contribute, their awareness of the platform, or their facility with platform technology. Our draft law outlines specific opportunities for groups to participate in lawmaking on issues of special significance (e.g. targeting specific economic, social, environmental, cultural, gender, or territorial issues) as a critical step in actively bringing underrepresented populations into the participation process.⁸ Thus, in addition to an online web portal that allows the public to submit proposals, participate in dialogue, and engage in participatory budgeting activities, the creators of Decide Madrid established 26 “Citizen Service Offices.” These offices are dispersed throughout the city and allow residents the opportunity to voice their opinions in person, if they so choose, in addition or in place of engaging online. The redrafting of the South African Constitution included an extensive communication strategy that distributed four million copies of the draft constitution in the drafting phase, and seven million copies of the final document, including illustrated guides for non-literate portions of the population. (An early survey of areas disconnected from the redrafting campaign helped to find areas that needed such communiqués).⁹\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"deec\" id=\"deec\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Experiment and improve\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"e33d\" id=\"e33d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">10. Test what works and iterate\u003C/strong>. Crowdlaw is a new phenomenon. In order to accelerate adoption, more research is needed, necessitating that practitioners and researchers collaborate to design experiments. Research can involving natural experiments to observe how the platform works, who participates, and how. Simple analytical software can generate data that platform owners and others can use to study a crowdlaw initiative. Always ensure that such administrative data is open and available. In addition, consider running simple controlled trials by dividing participants into two groups and presenting them with alternative experiences, comparable to the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/62529/TLA-1906126.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/62529/TLA-1906126.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">A/B testing\u003C/a>. An example of such testing is to try different ways of explaining how to participate or testing participation’s relevance at different points in the legislative process. Also critical are surveys to gather information that can help in improving the effectiveness of the platform and process. \u003Ca href=\"http://www.c-r.org/accord/public-participation/south-africa-s-multi-party-constitutional-negotiation-process\" data-href=\"http://www.c-r.org/accord/public-participation/south-africa-s-multi-party-constitutional-negotiation-process\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">When redrafting its constitution, the South African government\u003C/a> surveyed citizens in areas not being reached by the campaign. By learning the needs and motivations of excluded South Africans, the campaign was able to drive meaningful participation opportunities: for many South Africans, “it was the first time they were able to interact directly with their elected representatives. It elicited nearly 1.7 million submissions […] and meetings reach[ed] approximately 95,000 people.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"92f5\" id=\"92f5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">- Gabriella Capone & Beth Noveck\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"c118\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"d3d5\" id=\"d3d5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Next posts in the series:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"2c36\" id=\"2c36\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">#4. \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-model-legislation-annotated-30f864593e2\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-model-legislation-annotated-30f864593e2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw | Framework for Institutionalizing Public Engagement in Lawmaking\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6bd0\" id=\"6bd0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">#5. \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-the-political-context-in-spain-and-elsewhere-c00828be7e87\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-the-political-context-in-spain-and-elsewhere-c00828be7e87\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw | The political context in Spain and elsewhere\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9b61\" id=\"9b61\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">#6. \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-why-public-engagement-normative-goals-9b5c9024e563\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-why-public-engagement-normative-goals-9b5c9024e563\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw | Why public engagement? Normative goals\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"1fe9\" id=\"1fe9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Or go to the first post in the series and table of contents \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"53cf\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch4 name=\"7989\" id=\"7989\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf--leading\">Footnotes\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"d787\" id=\"d787\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">¹ Beth Simone Noveck, “\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Smart Citizens, Smarter State: The Technologies of Expertise and the Future of Governing\u003C/em>” (Boston, MA: Harvard University Press, 2015): 75–76.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f4ab\" id=\"f4ab\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">² Julie Simon, Theo Bass, Victoria Boelman, and Geoff Mulgan, “Digital Democracy: The tools transforming political engagement,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Nesta\u003C/em>, February 2017, accessed June 26, 2017, \u003Ca href=\"http://www.nesta.org.uk/sites/default/files/digital_democracy.pdf.\" data-href=\"http://www.nesta.org.uk/sites/default/files/digital_democracy.pdf.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.nesta.org.uk/sites/default/files/digital_democracy.pdf\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6011\" id=\"6011\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">³ Helen K. Liu, “Crowdsourcing Government from Multiple Disciplines,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Theory to Practice (\u003C/em>2017). See also: Dana Chandler and Adam Kapelner, “Breaking Monotony with Meaning: Motivation in Crowdsourcing Markets,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization\u003C/em> 90 (2013): 123–33. Nikolaus Franke, Peter Keinz and Katharina Klausberger, “Does This Sound Like a Fair Deal? Antecedents and Consequences of Fairness Expectations in the Individual’s Decision to Participate in Firm Innovation,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Organization Science \u003C/em>24, no. 5 (2013): 1500.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8ce7\" id=\"8ce7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁴ Investigación, marketing y opinión, “VALORACIÓN DE LA ACCIÓN DE GOBIERNO EN EL AYUNTAMIENTO DE MADRID,” June 2016, accessed July 24, 2017, \u003Ca href=\"https://ahoramadrid.org//wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Info-Ahora-Madrid.pdf\" data-href=\"https://ahoramadrid.org//wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Info-Ahora-Madrid.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://ahoramadrid.org//wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Info-Ahora-Madrid.pdf\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"16bc\" id=\"16bc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁵ Helen K. Liu, “Crowdsourcing Government from Multiple Disciplines,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Theory to Practice (\u003C/em>2017). See also: Tara S. Behrend, David J. Sharek, Adam W. Meade, and Eric N. Wiebe, “The Viability of Crowdsourcing for Survey Research,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Behavior Research Methods\u003C/em> 43, no. 3 (2011). Alexis Comber Linda, et al., “Comparing the Quality of Crowdsourced Data Contributed by Expert and Non-Experts,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">PLOS ONE \u003C/em>8, no. 7 (2013).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1afe\" id=\"1afe\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁶ Giovanni Allegretti and Sofia Antunes, “The Lisbon Participatory Budget: results and perspectives on an experience in slow but continuous transformation,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The journal of field actions: Field Actions Science Reports Special Issue \u003C/em>11 (2014), accessed June 23, 2017, \u003Ca href=\"https://factsreports.revues.org/3363#ftn1.\" data-href=\"https://factsreports.revues.org/3363#ftn1.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://factsreports.revues.org/3363#ftn1\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b817\" id=\"b817\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁷ Tanja Aitamurto, Hélène Landemore and Jorge Saldivar Galli, “Unmasking the crowd: participants’ motivation factors, expectations, and profile in a crowdsourced law reform,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Information, Communication & Society \u003C/em>20, no. 8 (2017): 1239–1255. See also Huang, S.W., Suh, M.M., Hill, B.M., Hsieh, G., “How activists are both born and made: An analysis of users on change.org,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems\u003C/em> (2015): 211–220.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dbe4\" id=\"dbe4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁸ This is the case for the popular initiatives mechanism. Consult \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Appendix III \u003C/em>for an overview of the client’s draft participation law.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fce8\" id=\"fce8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">⁹ Catherine Barnes and Eldred De Klerk, “South Africa’s multi-party constitutional negotiation process,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Conciliation Resources (\u003C/em>2002): 33. Available at: \u003Ca href=\"http://www.c-r.org/accord/public-participation/south-africa-s-multi-party-constitutional-negotiation-process\" data-href=\"http://www.c-r.org/accord/public-participation/south-africa-s-multi-party-constitutional-negotiation-process\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.c-r.org/accord/public-participation/south-africa-s-multi-party-constitutional-negotiation-process\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/3-10-recommendations-for-designing-better-crowdlaw-initiatives",{"title":3442,"description":3445},"3-10-recommendations-for-designing-better-crowdlaw-initiatives","blogposts/3-10-recommendations-for-designing-better-crowdlaw-initiatives","Qofed9RNzrdOktbIPU1h33GGWQNf40hvh-TF5Qehp5k",{"id":3455,"title":3456,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3457,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3458,"description":3459,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3456,"image":3460,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3461,"meta":3462,"navigation":15,"path":3463,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3464,"slug":3465,"startTime":34,"stem":3466,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3467},"blogposts/blogposts/2-introduction.json","2. INTRODUCTION",[],"2017-09-19T16:19:44","This section introduces crowdlaw as a form of public engagement in lawmaking and provides a glimpse into how engagement efforts across the…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*Ydo3UzxpfxriVKvwVDD_5A.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"0ede\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"78f2\" id=\"78f2\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*Ydo3UzxpfxriVKvwVDD_5A.jpeg\" data-width=\"1024\" data-height=\"1024\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*Ydo3UzxpfxriVKvwVDD_5A.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"7a7b\" id=\"7a7b\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">2. CROWDLAW | INTRODUCTION\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"cc46\" id=\"cc46\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">This section introduces crowdlaw as a form of public engagement in lawmaking and provides a glimpse into how engagement efforts across the world are bringing the public into various stages of the legislative process. We also outline the goals of the report and provide a roadmap.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"a5f4\" id=\"a5f4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This is a draft version of the report (dated October 12, 2017) and will be updated in November.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9058\" id=\"9058\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Over the past five years 75 countries have become participating members of the Open Government Partnership (OGP), which aims to “promote transparency, empower citizens, fight corruption, and harness new technologies to improve governance.”¹ The global spread of Open Government — more transparent and participatory governing practices — accelerated by the advent of technology to facilitate online collaboration, has spawned interest in the overhaul of traditionally closed-door governing processes. There has been an increase in the number of public engagement platforms that repurpose existing social networking sites or use bespoke web platforms or mobile phone apps to enable electronic petitioning, open innovation, participatory budgeting and other forms of participation by executive and administrative agencies. Technology is making it possible to move beyond traditional town halls and other forms of face-to-face dialogue² to create more, and more equitable, opportunities for engagement that have the potential to improve the quality policymaking.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f591\" id=\"f591\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In parallel to the explosion of open government in the executive branch, legislative bodies have started exploring — and the public is demanding — new methods for tapping the intelligence and expertise of the public beyond the ballot box, including ways to improve legislative processes. Such participatory lawmaking is known as “crowdlaw.”³\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"48ab\" id=\"48ab\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">CrowdLaw\u003C/strong> offers an alternative to the traditional method of lawmaking, which is typically done by professional staff and politicians working behind closed doors. Around the world, it is common for political parties to hammer out legislation and legislative compromises in secret. To paraphrase recent newspaper commentary that could apply to all legislative bodies: in parliament, secrecy happens.⁴\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fc27\" id=\"fc27\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Limited forms of offline public consultation in the form of public hearings is nothing new. However, new technology is dramatically expanding the use of participation in new venues and the roles people are asked to play. Now the public can, in many cases, go beyond contributing opinions and logging petitions online⁵ to playing a more substantive role, including proposing legislation, drafting bills, critiquing legislation, and supplying missing data (Figure 1).⁶\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"96ee\" id=\"96ee\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*TfhV28rGT9WGYy0m1m93hw.png\" data-width=\"1912\" data-height=\"766\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*TfhV28rGT9WGYy0m1m93hw.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Figure 1: Four examples of crowdlaw initiatives\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"ae6b\" id=\"ae6b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"http://seguimiento.co/app-mi-senado\" data-href=\"http://seguimiento.co/app-mi-senado\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Mi Senado\u003C/em>\u003C/a> — a mobile phone application which strives to “bring Colombian citizens closer to the legislature” via increased access to information, direct communication channels to senators, and real-time voting opportunities. Colombian citizens can react to and vote on parliamentary plenary sessions in real-time and receive push notifications to know when live plenary sessions are scheduled so that they can participate. Via the app, users also have access to attendance and voting records for elected representatives (Figure 2).\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--outsetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"72a0\" id=\"72a0\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--layoutOutsetCenter graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*0Gn2iEli2FaE-Rbr09DmFQ.png\" data-width=\"1368\" data-height=\"604\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/1200/1*0Gn2iEli2FaE-Rbr09DmFQ.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Figure 2: Mi Senado functionality includes: (1) showing draft laws being discussed in plenary, (2) enabling users to vote for or against and provide comments, (3) showing real time Senate, party, and citizen-submitted votes on items being discussed, and (4) tracking Senate attendance\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"82ae\" id=\"82ae\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.parlement-et-citoyens.fr/\" data-href=\"https://www.parlement-et-citoyens.fr/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Parlement et Citoyens\u003C/em>\u003C/a> — a platform that enables the French public to provide input for legislative drafting through a multi-step, online consultation process. On the platform, representatives can host a consultation consisting of three to five different participation opportunities (Figure 3). For instance, a representative poses a problem that citizens help define, and for which they then help generate solution and evaluate the proposed solutions. Citizens may also engage in video discussions with the representative. At the end of the process, a conclusory report explains whether, when, and how citizen input was incorporated into the resulting legislative proposal. (Consultation processes, while sponsored by representatives who are present throughout the process, are actually managed by volunteers.)\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"3a41\" id=\"3a41\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*xT_BTIeC5I50iuHQizmmlw.png\" data-width=\"1147\" data-height=\"902\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*xT_BTIeC5I50iuHQizmmlw.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Figure 3: A 5-stage consultation sponsored by a representative\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"9ed9\" id=\"9ed9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://edemocracia.camara.leg.br/\" data-href=\"https://edemocracia.camara.leg.br/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">E-Democracia\u003C/em>\u003C/a> — a participation platform run by The Hacker Lab that provides the Brazilian public with three participation opportunities: (1) collaborative legislative drafting via \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">WikiLegis\u003C/em>, (2) engagement with deputies on a discussion board \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Expressão\u003C/em>, and (3) public audiences via online conferences with representatives. Through the various tools, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">E-Democracia\u003C/em> enables citizens to propose and edit legislative text (Figure 4) with multiple opportunities for government response. Final reports ensure that citizens understand if, when, and how their involvement on the platform informed draft legislation.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"c9f6\" id=\"c9f6\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*wP8yql1QwPqZEsKXmoOWcQ.png\" data-width=\"1080\" data-height=\"1050\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*wP8yql1QwPqZEsKXmoOWcQ.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Figure 4: Collaborative bill drafting on WikiLegis\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"ca4b\" id=\"ca4b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Crowdlaw has the potential to improve the quality of lawmaking by creating opportunities for the public to supply expertise, information, and opinions in the pursuit of producing laws, regulations, and constitutions that are better informed and, at the same time, more legitimate because they have been crafted in the open. Through such processes, the public becomes collaborators and co-creators in the legislative process to the end of improving the quality of legislative outcomes and the effectiveness of governing.⁷\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dca6\" id=\"dca6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Yet despite the promise and these exciting examples, however, crowdlaw is not well institutionalized in parliamentary practice. Parliamentarians and members of the public unfamiliar with the process may be skeptical. In fact, parliaments, like other public institutions, often resist public engagement, fearing that participation will be burdensome, at worst, and useless at best. Even where institutions offer an opportunity to participate, the public is not always informed or eager to do so, suspecting that participation will not be relevant or incorporated into the result. The fears are not unfounded as many online participatory democracy projects whether legislative or executive side have ended up failing to yield the desired outcomes for institutions or individuals. For example:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"439d\" id=\"439d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">● \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Decide Madrid\u003C/em>, an initiative from the Madrid City Council that garnered 18,000 policy proposals favored by public participants, has resulted in only two of those proposals moving forward to be considered by the City Council.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cae5\" id=\"cae5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">● In 2009 the transition team of then-President-Elect Barack Obama asked the American people for policy proposals for the President’s first hundred days in office. Although over 70,000 ideas were submitted to \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The People’s Briefing Book \u003C/em>and voted on by over half a million people, none of that information ever found its way into policy.⁸\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"4f4f\" id=\"4f4f\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Integrating Crowdlaw into the Legislative Process: Beyond the Petition\u003C/h3>\u003Cblockquote name=\"d9a1\" id=\"d9a1\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--h3\">In these early days of crowdlaw, participation opportunities are not well-enough integrated into legislative practice thereby leading to an explosion in the volume of information (suggestions, comments, petitions) within any concomitant improvement in the quality of legislative outcomes. The public’s extensive knowledge and expertise does not find their way into decision-making at the appropriate time and in usable form. If designed without regard for the needs of both participating members of the public and parliamentary institutions, innovations in online participation will not enhance lawmaking but will lead only to frustration, dissatisfaction and fatigue.\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cp name=\"6e73\" id=\"6e73\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--blockquote\">However, designed right, participation could help to improve both the legitimacy and effectiveness of the legislative process at each stage by introducing more data and diverse viewpoints, and by ensuring that legislation is better informed by real world conditions.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4e57\" id=\"4e57\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Around the world, successful public participation experiments in lawmaking are cropping up during each of the five basic stages of the legislative process. They are providing glimpses of how crowdlaw practices might be integrated into lawmaking in order to elicit public input for improved governance. Although articulated as “\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideal_type\" data-href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideal_type\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">ideal types\u003C/a>” with significant crossover between stages, the potential benefits at each stage (Figure 5) are:\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"c7dd\" id=\"c7dd\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*k26TdD60k7Xpaj2dUB3tzQ.png\" data-width=\"1672\" data-height=\"738\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*k26TdD60k7Xpaj2dUB3tzQ.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--figure-em\">Figure 5: Phases of the legislative process and the aspects of governance that the public can help to enhance for each\u003C/em>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"6035\" id=\"6035\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">1) Agenda-setting: \u003C/strong>when parliaments decide what issues to take up and to legislate on. Many countries already have a well-established petitioning process.⁹ Brought online and redesigning. this is potentially an opportunity to bring empiricism into the legislative process through public contribution of expertise and information by giving the public a chance to propose, prioritize, and critique problems to tackle. For example, Finland’s \u003Ca href=\"http://openministry.info/finnish-citizens-initiative\" data-href=\"http://openministry.info/finnish-citizens-initiative\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Citizen’s Initiative Act\u003C/a>, allows members of the public to propose new legislation. The European Union has since adopted its own \u003Ca href=\"http://ec.europa.eu/citizens-initiative/public/welcome\" data-href=\"http://ec.europa.eu/citizens-initiative/public/welcome\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Citizen’s Initiative Act\u003C/a>. In Mexico, \u003Ca href=\"http://ley3de3.mx/\" data-href=\"http://ley3de3.mx/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ley 3de3\u003C/a> moved 634,000 to demand the release of politicians’ financial information in order to combat corruption. The reforms proposed by Ley 3de3 comprised the first successful citizen initiative to be discussed and approved by Mexican Congress since a law was recently passed to allow citizen-proposed legislation achieving 120,000 signatures.¹⁰ ¹¹ \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">At this stage, participation has the potential to enhance the level of information in the legislative process.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bef2\" id=\"bef2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">2) Proposal-making: \u003C/strong>when legislative and regulatory bodies arrive at the substance of a solution to a problem. This presents a chance to identify innovative approaches by leveraging distributed expertise and to suggest, deliberate upon, and critique proposed approaches. Such approaches broaden public input beyond that available to legislators and their staffs through occasional hearings. For example, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.parlement-et-citoyens.fr/\" data-href=\"https://www.parlement-et-citoyens.fr/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Parlement & Citoyens\u003C/a> in France enables citizens to submit proposals on the causes and solutions to the problem posed by the representative. Citizens’ proposals are then synthesized, debated, and incorporated into the resulting draft legislation. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">At this stage, participation has the potential to enhance innovation.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0a47\" id=\"0a47\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">3) Drafting: \u003C/strong>when lawmaking bodies memorialize solutions through legislation, regulation, or constitution drafting. This provides an opportunity to draft collaboratively and to solicit comments on a draft in an effort to improve it. By increasing the accessibility of a core function of governing, collaborative drafting crates a radical impetus for more openness. For example, \u003Ca href=\"https://edemocracia.camara.leg.br\" data-href=\"https://edemocracia.camara.leg.br\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">E-Democracia’s WikiLegis\u003C/a> enables Brazilians to edit draft legislative text in a manner analogous to collaboratively working in a Google Doc. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">At this stage, participation has the potential to enhance transparency.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e274\" id=\"e274\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">4) Implementation:\u003C/strong> when legislatures delegate to administrative bodies or staff to turn law into practice. This often involves an additional step of crafting regulations based on the legislation and coming up with practical strategies for realizing the vision in practice. Such a rulemaking process presents another chance for participation. For example, the United States’ \u003Ca href=\"https://www.regulations.gov/\" data-href=\"https://www.regulations.gov/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">eRulemaking platform\u003C/a> provides an electronic mechanism for the public to comment on draft regulations. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">At this stage, participation has the potential to the enhance effectiveness of legislation.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2201\" id=\"2201\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">5) Evaluation\u003C/strong>: when the public can help to oversee and monitor outcomes of legislation. Evaluating the downstream impact, including cost and benefits, of legislation on people’s lives provides an opportunity for engagement, such as asking the public how to measure impact and what data to use for that purpose. Alas, evaluation processes are lacking both in crowdlaw and traditional legislative contexts, but oversight and correction mechanisms signal a modest move towards harnessing the public eye and insight toward evaluating government institutions. For instance, \u003Ca href=\"http://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commons-select/education-committee/dfe-evidence-check-forum/\" data-href=\"http://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commons-select/education-committee/dfe-evidence-check-forum/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Evidence and Fact Checks\u003C/a>, used by the United Kingdom’s Parliament, invite evidence underlying proposed policies on topics ranging from the gender wage gap to healthcare technology. Although the program sees low participation and has not published impact metrics, it provides a promising strategy to employ post-passage to assess implementation. A Promise Tracker campaign to monitor school lunch quality in Brazil has achieved success by inviting citizens to use mobile phones to verify if lunches met program standards.¹² Randomized trials in which communities monitor healthcare provision indicate that “[c]ommunities who have […] oversight of implementation tend to be more effective at improving service delivery,” when provided with adequate information. Evidence is converging that an informed, watchful community drives better results for government activities.¹³ \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">At this stage, participation has the potential to enhance accountability.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"d922\" id=\"d922\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Report Roadmap\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"d988\" id=\"d988\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">This report contains 10 actionable recommendations (Section 2) for implementing effective crowdlaw strategies and model legislation embodying those recommendations (Section 3). The legislation, in particular, describes what we called the “Open Assembly Lab,” a small administrative unit with the ability and binding authority necessary to design, implement and test public engagement practices. In the subsequent section, we explain the context for the project at greater length, including the global and Spanish conditions of political distrust that are giving rise to the desire for these innovations (Section 4). Then we discuss the rationales behind public engagement in lawmaking (Section 5). The recommendations draw upon our analysis of 25 public engagement case studies laid out in detail (Sections 6 and 7). By assessing these participatory lawmaking methods, we endeavor to distill key lessons learned about crowdlaw and offer design recommendations for those parliamentary bodies interested in incorporating public engagement at one or more stages of the legislative process. The goal is to deepen our collective understanding of what works, what doesn’t, how to assess impact, and accelerate the implementation of more participatory lawmaking practices. Thus, in Section 8, we describe the research agenda for crowdlaw and the role of the Open Assembly Lab and universities in advancing it.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"107b\" id=\"107b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">-Gabriella Capone and Beth Noveck\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"8cce\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"92e7\" id=\"92e7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Next posts in the series:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"63b3\" id=\"63b3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">#3. \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-summary-of-recommendations-84694cc723ef\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-summary-of-recommendations-84694cc723ef\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw | 10 Recommendations for Designing Better CrowdLaw Initiatives\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6bbe\" id=\"6bbe\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">#4. \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-model-legislation-annotated-30f864593e2\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-model-legislation-annotated-30f864593e2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw | Framework for Institutionalizing Public Engagement in Lawmaking\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f092\" id=\"f092\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">#5. \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-the-political-context-in-spain-and-elsewhere-c00828be7e87\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-the-political-context-in-spain-and-elsewhere-c00828be7e87\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">CrowdLaw | The political context in Spain and elsewhere\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"214b\" id=\"214b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Or go to the first post in the series and table of contents \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"c171\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch4 name=\"6ed9\" id=\"6ed9\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf--leading\">Footnotes\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"02d8\" id=\"02d8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">¹ “Open Government Partnership,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Open Government Partnership\u003C/em>, accessed May 11, 2017, \u003Ca href=\"http://www.opengovpartnership.org/sites/default/files/091116_OGP_Booklet_digital.pdf.\" data-href=\"http://www.opengovpartnership.org/sites/default/files/091116_OGP_Booklet_digital.pdf.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.opengovpartnership.org/sites/default/files/091116_OGP_Booklet_digital.pdf\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"74db\" id=\"74db\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">² Catherine Andrews, “The Future of Citizen Engagement: Five Trends Transforming Government,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">GovLoop Guide, Washington, D.C.\u003C/em>, 2015, accessed May 11, 2017: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.govloop.com/resources/the-future-of-citizen-engagement-five-trends-transforming-government/.\" data-href=\"https://www.govloop.com/resources/the-future-of-citizen-engagement-five-trends-transforming-government/.\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.govloop.com/resources/the-future-of-citizen-engagement-five-trends-transforming-government/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2460\" id=\"2460\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">³ Crowdlaw is, to the best of our knowledge, our coinage and dates to a series of online convenings of practitioners of participatory lawmaking done by the GovLab in 2014, see \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/project-crowdlaw.html\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/project-crowdlaw.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.thegovlab.org/project-crowdlaw.html\u003C/a>. Crowdlaw is distinct from any and all form of online engagement in that it focuses primarily on legislative bodies. Crowdlaw can refer to the full gamut of lawmaking activity, including legislation, regulation, constitution and even policymaking although we focus in this paper on the work of legislatures.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1997\" id=\"1997\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁴ Alan Fram, “INSIDE WASHINGTON: Writing a bill in private not unusual,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Associated Press\u003C/em>, June 20, 2017, accessed June 21, 2017: \u003Ca href=\"http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/89ae8247abe8493fae24405546e9a1aa/Article_2017-06-20-US--\" data-href=\"http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/89ae8247abe8493fae24405546e9a1aa/Article_2017-06-20-US--\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/89ae8247abe8493fae24405546e9a1aa/Article_2017-06-20-US--\u003C/a> Congress-Health%20Overhaul-Secrecy/id-579b09dc3d4f42cfa3e7bb882e978182\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ea7f\" id=\"ea7f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁵ Early experiments with online petitioning of parliament include the Scottish Parliament’s e-petitioning system (\u003Ca href=\"http://www.parliament.scot/gettinginvolved/petitions/\" data-href=\"http://www.parliament.scot/gettinginvolved/petitions/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.parliament.scot/gettinginvolved/petitions/\u003C/a>) and the Bundestag’s platform in Germany (https://epetitionen.bundestag.de/). See Ipsos MORI, and C. Carman. 2009. Engaging the Public in the Scottish Parliament’s Petitions Process. Research Study Conducted for the Scottish Parliament’s Public Petitions Committee. \u003Ca href=\"http://archive.scottish.parliament.uk/s3/committees/petitions/inquiries/petitionsProcess/Engagingthepublicinthepetitionsprocess.pdf\" data-href=\"http://archive.scottish.parliament.uk/s3/committees/petitions/inquiries/petitionsProcess/Engagingthepublicinthepetitionsprocess.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://archive.scottish.parliament.uk/s3/committees/petitions/inquiries/petitionsProcess/Engagingthepublicinthepetitionsprocess.pdf\u003C/a> and Lindner, R., Riehm, U.: Broadening participation through e-petitions? an empirical study of petitions to the German parliament. Policy & Internet 3(1), 1–23 (2011), 9 (http://www.psocommons.org/policyandinternet/vol3/iss1/art4\u003Cbr> DOI: 10.2202/1944–2866.1083) (the advent of e-petitioning led to a dramatic increase in the number of petitions and the concomitant difficulty with managing and integrating the process).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"daf9\" id=\"daf9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁶ Please note that we frequently exchange “citizen engagement” for “public engagement” simply for stylistic diversity. We do not endorse any efforts to limit democratic engagement to those who hold formal citizenship but, to the contrary, believe that engagement should include the most vulnerable and voiceless, such as immigrants.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"84bb\" id=\"84bb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁷ See: Noveck, Beth Simone, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Wiki Government: How Technology Can Make Government Better, Democracy Stronger, and Citizens More Powerful\u003C/em>, (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2010).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2bbc\" id=\"2bbc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁸ For more about the limitations of the People’s Briefing Book, see James Katz et al., \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Social Media President\u003C/em> (London, UK: Palgrave, 2013).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b465\" id=\"b465\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁹ See infra n. 8.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a68b\" id=\"a68b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹⁰ Kerk Semple, “Grass-Roots Anticorruption Drive Puts Heat on Mexican Lawmakers,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The New York Times\u003C/em>, May 28, 2016, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/29/world/americas/grass-roots-anticorruption-drive-puts-heat-on-mexican-lawmakers.html?_r=0\" data-href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/29/world/americas/grass-roots-anticorruption-drive-puts-heat-on-mexican-lawmakers.html?_r=0\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/29/world/americas/grass-roots-anticorruption-drive-puts-heat-on-mexican-lawmakers.html?_r=0\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d013\" id=\"d013\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹¹ Maria Hermosilla, “A growing community of global #CrowdLaw practitioners,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Governance Lab\u003C/em>, October 1, 2015, \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/a-growing-community-of-global-crowdlaw-practitioners/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/a-growing-community-of-global-crowdlaw-practitioners/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://thegovlab.org/a-growing-community-of-global-crowdlaw-practitioners/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ae78\" id=\"ae78\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">¹² “Initial findings from Pará,” Promise Tracker, \u003Ca href=\"http://promisetracker.org/2017/05/23/initial-findings-from-para/\" data-href=\"http://promisetracker.org/2017/05/23/initial-findings-from-para/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://promisetracker.org/2017/05/23/initial-findings-from-para/\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6a9e\" id=\"6a9e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">¹³ Martina Björkman Nyqvist, Damien de Walque, and Jakob Svensson, “The power of information in community monitoring,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">J-PAL Policy Briefcase, \u003C/em>2015.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/2-introduction",{"title":3456,"description":3459},"2-introduction","blogposts/2-introduction","fSCEgtybotYZKPz03rsJNOJYjuPTaJXeDlHYhkmxPCE",{"id":3469,"title":3470,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3471,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3472,"description":3473,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3470,"image":3474,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3475,"meta":3476,"navigation":15,"path":3477,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3478,"slug":3479,"startTime":34,"stem":3480,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3481},"blogposts/blogposts/1-preface.json","1. PREFACE",[],"2017-09-19T16:04:41","The goal of this paper is to help the Assembly of the Community of Madrid, the legislature governing one of the seventeen autonomous…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*rzVzsFQExq7px-VhLL7ryA.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"a169\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"29d7\" id=\"29d7\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*rzVzsFQExq7px-VhLL7ryA.jpeg\" data-width=\"1024\" data-height=\"1024\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*rzVzsFQExq7px-VhLL7ryA.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"9723\" id=\"9723\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">1. CROWDLAW | PREFACE\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"a82f\" id=\"a82f\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">The goal of this paper is to help the Assembly of the Community of Madrid, the legislature governing one of the seventeen autonomous communities of Spain, and the 179 Ayuntamientos (“City Councils”) within the Madrid region to (1) develop the capacity design and (2) use public engagement to improve the quality, effectiveness and legitimacy of the lawmaking process.¹\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"6ca2\" id=\"6ca2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This is a draft version of the report (dated October 12, 2017) and will be updated in November.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"80f5\" id=\"80f5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The project was undertaken at the request of the leaders of Podemos — one of Spain’s largest political parties with a track record for campaigning using open and participatory practices — who solicited the advice of the Governance Innovation Clinic at Yale Law School and the Governance Lab at New York University. Podemos as a political party was born of a two-month long Citizens’ Assembly (\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Vistalegre I\u003C/em>), “an unprecedented exercise in direct democracy,” in which over 100,000 people took part online and offline in developing the party platform.² ³ Supplemented by additional online platforms from \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Plaza Podemos\u003C/em> to \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Impulsa\u003C/em> to garner crowdsourced support, ideas, and funding over the past three years, Podemos has demonstrated the value and potential for online public engagement to help build a movement that has forever changed the face of Spain’s political system. Yet despite the success of crowdsourced \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">campaigning\u003C/em>, online engagement in \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">governing\u003C/em> has often been less successful.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"be87\" id=\"be87\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Having pioneered the use of campaigning tools in Spanish politics, Podemos now hopes to cement the rise of “citizen politics” in Spain and thus is seeking advice in connection with legal and technological strategies for the Community of Madrid’s regional and 179 municipal governments (the Assembly and City Councils, respectively) to engage the public in lawmaking (“crowdlaw”). Under the guidance of Professor Beth Simone Noveck (Clinic Professor and Director of The GovLab), and with the support of independent advisors from \u003Ca href=\"https://www.hks.harvard.edu/centers/mrcbg\" data-href=\"https://www.hks.harvard.edu/centers/mrcbg\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Harvard University\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"http://www.gigapp.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.gigapp.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">GIGAPP\u003C/a>, the team has developed this report in an effort to:\u003C/p>\u003Col class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"f00f\" id=\"f00f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Articulate the value of crowdlaw for democracy.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2c42\" id=\"2c42\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Identify and analyze crowdlaw practices from around the world that might help guide further design and development of crowdlaw practices in Spain. These global case studies include both best practices and insights about what to avoid.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"21ef\" id=\"21ef\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Draw on knowledge of current practices to offer a series of recommendations for the design of crowdlaw at each stage of the legislative process.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7a16\" id=\"7a16\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Research existing legal frameworks and, by combining knowledge of these laws with insights drawn from the case studies, design model legislation for public engagement.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"bc22\" id=\"bc22\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Craft a research agenda on crowdlaw, laying out the questions that need to be studied and the mechanisms for doing so in order to understand empirically the impact of crowdlaw on legislative institutions, the public and political culture.\u003C/li>\u003C/ol>\u003Cp name=\"799e\" id=\"799e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">During the Clinic’s semester-long engagement Spring 2017, followed by The GovLab’s continued work during Summer 2017, we drew upon: learnings from three conferences on crowdlaw run by GovLab in 2015–16,⁴ interviews with parliamentarians and platform creators conducted between 2015–2017, surveys of parliamentarians conducted at the \u003Ca href=\"https://law.yale.edu/yls-today/news/clinic-explores-citizen-participation-lawmaking-parliamentary-conference\" data-href=\"https://law.yale.edu/yls-today/news/clinic-explores-citizen-participation-lawmaking-parliamentary-conference\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">ParlAmericas conference in Costa Rica\u003C/a> in April 2017,⁵ and extensive bench research on participatory democracy, public engagement, and online public participation. This research has led to a theoretical foundation, an initial taxonomy to use in analyzing crowdlaw practices and software platforms and, above all, the early formation of a community of researchers and practitioners interested in promoting and study the infusion of lawmaking with more participatory democracy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f27b\" id=\"f27b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">-Gabriella Capone and Beth Noveck\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"c96a\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"1c03\" id=\"1c03\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Next posts in the series:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d41e\" id=\"d41e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">#\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-introduction-baef458325ae\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-introduction-baef458325ae\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">2. CrowdLaw | Introduction\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ce13\" id=\"ce13\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">#\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-summary-of-recommendations-84694cc723ef\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-summary-of-recommendations-84694cc723ef\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">3. CrowdLaw | 10 Recommendations for Designing Better CrowdLaw Initiatives\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fe08\" id=\"fe08\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">#4.\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-model-legislation-annotated-30f864593e2\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-model-legislation-annotated-30f864593e2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\"> CrowdLaw | Framework for Institutionalizing Public Engagement in Lawmaking\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0497\" id=\"0497\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Or go to the first post in the series and table of contents \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/crowdlaw-af1a9e1c9455\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"12aa\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch4 name=\"2c0c\" id=\"2c0c\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">Footnotes\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"a505\" id=\"a505\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">¹ For context, autonomous communities in Spain are akin to provinces and subdivided into municipalities. An \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">ayuntamiento\u003C/em> is the governing body of the municipalities.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"03d7\" id=\"03d7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">² Bécquer Seguín and Sebastiaan Faber, “Can Podemos Win in Spain?,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Nation\u003C/em>, January 14, 2015 accessed July 12, 2017, https://www.thenation.com/article/can-podemos-win-spain/\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0048\" id=\"0048\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">³ You can learn about \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Vistalegre II\u003C/em> \u003Ca href=\"https://vistalegre2.podemos.info/\" data-href=\"https://vistalegre2.podemos.info/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c3d0\" id=\"c3d0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">⁴ “Crowdlaw Unconferences,” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Governance Lab\u003C/em> are gatherings of thinkers and practitioners in participatory lawmaking. Takeaways from the sessions are available \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/toward-more-inclusive-lawmaking-what-we-know-still-most-need-to-know-about-crowdlaw/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/toward-more-inclusive-lawmaking-what-we-know-still-most-need-to-know-about-crowdlaw/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a> (Session 1), \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/expanding-insights-crowdlaw-session-2-highlights-need-for-experimentation-collaboration/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/expanding-insights-crowdlaw-session-2-highlights-need-for-experimentation-collaboration/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a> (Session 2), and \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/crowdlaw-on-the-verge-of-disruptive-change-designing-to-scale-impact/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/crowdlaw-on-the-verge-of-disruptive-change-designing-to-scale-impact/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a> (Session 3).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f9be\" id=\"f9be\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">⁵ For more on findings from the session organized for ParlAmericas Second Annual Gathering of the Open Parliament Network on April 2017 consult \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Appendix II.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/1-preface",{"title":3470,"description":3473},"1-preface","blogposts/1-preface","T36VpxwK7dQHlHXILGR0M2l6kvuipr0BAW5h0HZrU-g",{"id":3483,"title":3484,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3485,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3486,"description":3487,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3484,"image":3488,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3489,"meta":3490,"navigation":15,"path":3491,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3492,"slug":3493,"startTime":34,"stem":3494,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3495},"blogposts/blogposts/converting-ideas-into-action-next-steps-for-smarter-crowdsourcing-against-corruption.json","Converting Ideas Into Action: Next Steps for Smarter Crowdsourcing Against Corruption",[],"2017-08-16T18:55:50","Over the past eight weeks, The GovLab, in partnership with the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) and Mexico’s Secretariat of the Civil…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*pEIIqHMHe34ALIyV.","\n\u003Csection name=\"edf7\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"7f23\" id=\"7f23\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Converting Ideas Into Action: Next Steps for Smarter Crowdsourcing Against Corruption\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"5eca\" id=\"5eca\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Over the past eight weeks, \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab\u003C/a>, in partnership with the\u003Ca href=\"http://www.iadb.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.iadb.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Inter-American Development Bank\u003C/a> (IDB) and Mexico’s \u003Ca href=\"http://www.gob.mx/sfp\" data-href=\"http://www.gob.mx/sfp\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Secretariat of the Civil Service\u003C/a> (Secretaría de la Función Pública,\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>or SFP), held a series of online conferences to generate new, actionable ideas in the fight against corruption in Mexico.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4b20\" id=\"4b20\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Using The GovLab’s \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/smarter-crowdsourcing-against-corruption/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/smarter-crowdsourcing-against-corruption/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Smarter Crowdsourcing\u003C/a> method, a collaborative problem-solving technique pairing the agility and diversity of crowdsourcing with the curation of relevant know-how in a format designed to produce effective and implementable outcomes, the series brought together over 100 \u003Ca href=\"http://anticorruption.smartercrowdsourcing.org/map.html\" data-href=\"http://anticorruption.smartercrowdsourcing.org/map.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">global experts\u003C/a> from 25 different countries with representatives from the Mexican government and civil society leaders. These stakeholders and specialists convened virtually to share insights and identify innovative yet practical strategies capable of achieving measurable progress against corruption in six separate challenge areas:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"4172\" id=\"4172\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Measuring Corruption and Its Costs\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a4ea\" id=\"a4ea\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Fostering Openness and Integrity in the Judiciary\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"57dc\" id=\"57dc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Facilitating Citizen Participation in Policymaking\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9312\" id=\"9312\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Ensuring Whistleblower Support and Protection\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9d38\" id=\"9d38\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Increasing the Effectiveness of Prosecution\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9753\" id=\"9753\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Tracking and Analyzing Money Flows\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"2fe2\" id=\"2fe2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">These six areas were delineated following a rigorous research and evaluation process carried out by the Governance Innovation Clinic at the Yale Law School, created and led by The GovLab’s Director Professor Beth Simone Noveck. Graduate students in the Clinic, along with GovLab Research Fellows, conducted interviews and documented each issue extensively in an effort to define the problem of corruption by its root causes. In turn, the briefs they developed would anchor a specialized online session to focus the invited experts on identifying workable solutions in the form of new policies and services.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0826\" id=\"0826\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Each of the conferences centered around a robust, deliberative dialogue moderated by Professor Noveck between approximately two dozen specialists from multiple disciplines along with the government officials in Mexico who will subsequently be responsible for the implementation of the most promising ideas. The following paragraphs offer a glimpse of the actionable recommendations discussed under each theme:\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"21bd\" id=\"21bd\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*pEIIqHMHe34ALIyV.\" data-width=\"1440\" data-height=\"900\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*pEIIqHMHe34ALIyV.\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Experts gather online for fourth anti-corruption conference on whistleblowing.\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"31f4\" id=\"31f4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1-u5GyfFw15AiyWkT0_bdccJwFoVsk4qZ8cWXPRaLtYM/edit\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1-u5GyfFw15AiyWkT0_bdccJwFoVsk4qZ8cWXPRaLtYM/edit\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Measuring Corruption and Its Costs\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">:\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>The first conference addressed the scarcity of adequate, objective and real-time measures of corruption. During the conference, the experts discussed which indicators should be measured, who should collect this information, what strategies should be used for measuring, and what incentives should be set in place to reinforce accurate and effective measurements. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">One \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1SQ3tvjpZ4G2ZoXnrG4EhpttAP3h3c3j62Nr8NT0_lW8/edit\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1SQ3tvjpZ4G2ZoXnrG4EhpttAP3h3c3j62Nr8NT0_lW8/edit\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">recommendation \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">was that Mexican authorities, members of academia, and civil society should employ big data tools to capture information from rich online data that already exists\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b278\" id=\"b278\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Lwrvi1iDCSboXf3sA_3Z0kbNXvwLSID81cOWa8qQ6fw/edit\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Lwrvi1iDCSboXf3sA_3Z0kbNXvwLSID81cOWa8qQ6fw/edit\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Fostering Openness and Integrity in the Judiciary\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">: \u003C/strong>The next conference tackled the issue of corruption in the judiciary, specifically how to increase transparency, reduce undue political influence, and strengthen judicial oversight. Among the potential \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/17v7RJtyVFAcsvSC5VwwpGjSH0AVY8E1Srf-be--HhJg/edit#heading=h.g2apt3v66xd6\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/17v7RJtyVFAcsvSC5VwwpGjSH0AVY8E1Srf-be--HhJg/edit#heading=h.g2apt3v66xd6\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">solutions\u003C/a> was the idea to employ technology to \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">enable the public to\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">oversee and participate in the selection, evaluation and removal of judges.\u003C/em> \u003C/strong>In addition, \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">conference participants expressed the belief that digital platforms providing standardized data on the performance of judges and courts could help identify and prevent malfeasance.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5a29\" id=\"5a29\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/19Je4yFyPh_jT312Zdh0hNAK4jj80u0HgaGKL1_vkkvQ/edit\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/19Je4yFyPh_jT312Zdh0hNAK4jj80u0HgaGKL1_vkkvQ/edit\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Facilitating Citizen Participation in Policymaking\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">:\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>The third discussion focused on the lack of public engagement opportunities in anti-corruption efforts and how to gather permanent and sustained contributions from citizens. Reviewing their experiences using platforms, conference participants \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1rv1mqgnMDw5QjQrNEWYP2kRuqbIyc_FqV7qsmX1GwQM/edit\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1rv1mqgnMDw5QjQrNEWYP2kRuqbIyc_FqV7qsmX1GwQM/edit\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">suggested\u003C/a> establishing a means of communication between the Federal Government of Mexico and its citizens by \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">designing a collaborative online platform that allows individuals and communities to propose, to any government agency, policies and mechanisms to address corruption risks\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>. Participants also discussed a solution geared toward managing citizen participation efforts, where they suggested that Mexican authorities\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> develop a series of materials and events to promote receptiveness of citizens’ input to create, and improve and adjust anti-corruption efforts within the government.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a79b\" id=\"a79b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Gx_v9qFsukEG8AqWZlDSNiY0iUaz1xcwQvr8gQMDpgU/edit\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Gx_v9qFsukEG8AqWZlDSNiY0iUaz1xcwQvr8gQMDpgU/edit\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Ensuring Whistleblower Support and Protection\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">: \u003C/strong>The focus on public engagement was also present in the fourth conference, which focused on a shortage of trustworthy whistleblowing mechanisms. To incentivize reporting,\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> participants \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1uk5jIKsCfZpGGnkCmNAqzE2lzWKmZnoRAOQ9uyK6AsA/edit\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1uk5jIKsCfZpGGnkCmNAqzE2lzWKmZnoRAOQ9uyK6AsA/edit\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">proposed \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">the idea of developing secure online platforms that are co-managed by government and civil society organizations to protect anonymity and increase accountability. \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>They also argued that the burden for successful reporting should be shifted from whistleblowers to managers. Accordingly, \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">participants suggested that organizations focus on training managers to respond to disclosures appropriately and provide timely follow-up.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1e93\" id=\"1e93\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ZqaVEsHIGJc2KMwxv-GtbO1oi_WJ1SS-6prY-i-7IrU/edit\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ZqaVEsHIGJc2KMwxv-GtbO1oi_WJ1SS-6prY-i-7IrU/edit\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Increasing the Effectiveness of Prosecution\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">: \u003C/strong>Complementing an earlier discussion about corruption in the judiciary, the next problem considered was the current weakness in the prosecution of corrupt officials and strategies for bolstering the integrity and efficacy of prosecution of public corruption. For instance, \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">a general repository of best practices for prosecuting corruption could provide key references to build solid cases. \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>Additionally, another \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/12jBTMwJVrM4bVQ0uTIkXNgrDUoTgqCIsyIlP62vADus/edit\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/12jBTMwJVrM4bVQ0uTIkXNgrDUoTgqCIsyIlP62vADus/edit\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">solution \u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">focused on ways of building up forensic data science skills within the office of the prosecutor.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"94a6\" id=\"94a6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1k76zaXwf0EI7qqWDaUa0XKW72S8w4YH-v5XPoCOCfQQ/edit\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1k76zaXwf0EI7qqWDaUa0XKW72S8w4YH-v5XPoCOCfQQ/edit\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Tracking and Analyzing Money Flows\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">:\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>The final conference addressed the problem of accurately tracking and recording money flows in public procurement and public financing. In order to strengthen the quantity and quality of money flow records, conference participants \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1aXIoBxP9Q0lSFUK6xitskMBJwBBkWwhLH9YcYvRw4uE/edit\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1aXIoBxP9Q0lSFUK6xitskMBJwBBkWwhLH9YcYvRw4uE/edit\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">suggested \u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">developing financial incentives to encourage voluntary disclosure of corporate beneficial ownership and other legal entity data. \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>Participants also focused attention on methods of analyzing money flows, and recommended \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">developing customized machine learning algorithms that could run on open data to detect corruption in public procurement. The feasibility of utilizing blockchain technology was also the subject of debate.\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"30cd\" id=\"30cd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Recognizing there is a large gap between a good idea and a workable new public policy or citizen service, the next phase of the Smarter Crowdsourcing project focuses on prioritizing among the innovative proposals, researching the most promising ideas, and developing these ideas into detailed implementation plans that lay out the specific “how to’s” for acting on the selected proposals.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0449\" id=\"0449\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Details regarding the design of the Smarter Crowdsourcing conferences can be found \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/introducing-the-smarter-crowdsourcing-against-corruption-initiative-26d11033d6c7\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/introducing-the-smarter-crowdsourcing-against-corruption-initiative-26d11033d6c7\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">here\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/converting-ideas-into-action-next-steps-for-smarter-crowdsourcing-against-corruption",{"title":3484,"description":3487},"converting-ideas-into-action-next-steps-for-smarter-crowdsourcing-against-corruption","blogposts/converting-ideas-into-action-next-steps-for-smarter-crowdsourcing-against-corruption","UKFNMoPTGnRFIkpU40rlOfmA3Zppm02rKZ5Tv8qjt9I",{"id":3497,"title":3498,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3499,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3500,"description":3501,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3498,"image":3502,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3503,"meta":3504,"navigation":15,"path":3505,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3506,"slug":3507,"startTime":34,"stem":3508,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3509},"blogposts/blogposts/the-open-government-and-open-data-governance-clinic.json","The Open Government and Open Data Governance Clinic",[],"2017-06-02T16:50:38","The Governance Innovation Clinic — known as the Open Government and Open Data Governance Clinic — was offered at Yale Law School in Fall…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*TmwWq0YAL-k9lcVq1pQecg.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"11c3\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"9726\" id=\"9726\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">The Open Government and Open Data Governance Clinic\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"2724\" id=\"2724\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*TmwWq0YAL-k9lcVq1pQecg.png\" data-width=\"717\" data-height=\"513\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*TmwWq0YAL-k9lcVq1pQecg.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"b690\" id=\"b690\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The Governance Innovation Clinic — known as the Open Government and Open Data Governance Clinic — was offered at Yale Law School in Fall 2016 and Spring 2017. The program included 37 graduate students from law, management, international affairs, statistics and public health.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"a239\" id=\"a239\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Projects included:\u003C/h3>\u003Ch3 name=\"c1ce\" id=\"c1ce\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Spring 2017\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"349c\" id=\"349c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Project: \u003C/strong>Ethics of N of 1 Clinical Trials\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2c20\" id=\"2c20\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Client: \u003C/strong>Mt. Sinai Medial Center\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6456\" id=\"6456\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Problem: \u003C/strong>The continued growth of technology is expanding our capacity to pursue transformative biomedical research through innovative methods of data-capture and data-sharing. A clear illustration of the “Open Science” movement, n-of-1 trials provide a participatory research model in which both researcher and patient benefit, accelerating the pathway to personalized medicine. In an effort to contribute to the “Open Science” movement, the goal of the GovLab team on Responsible Biomedical Data Governance is to develop a “legal by design” interactive platform to help clinicians design ICH-compliant n-of-1 trials utilizing the data-sharing capacity of the latest technological advances.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4977\" id=\"4977\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Project: \u003C/strong>Smarter Crowdsourcing- Anti-Corruption\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7f55\" id=\"7f55\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Client: \u003C/strong>The Inter-American Development Bank and the Government of Mexico\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1bb0\" id=\"1bb0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">About: \u003C/strong>In order to help the Government of Mexico identify innovative practices to combat corruption, the Smarter Crowdsourcing project, led by The GovLab and the IADB, will convene experts from diverse backgrounds in a series of online conferences to gather insights and ideas from around the world. The Goal of the clinic project is to identify the most salient sources of corruption and the key stakeholders in anti-corruption in Mexico with a focus on identifying innovative approaches (using technology, citizen participation, open data) to addressing corruption, not on building comprehensive national strategies.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"781f\" id=\"781f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Project: \u003C/strong>Human-Centered Design: The Human side of Tablets\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5ca9\" id=\"5ca9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Client: \u003C/strong>Connecticut Department of Corrections\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e253\" id=\"e253\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">About:\u003C/strong> The project was focussed on informing the design and implementation of the Connecticut Department of Corrections’ proposed program to introduce tablets in their facilities. The DOC’s program aimed to reduce recidivism among inmates by using tablets to improve vocational training, entertainment and communication. The Clinic project involved research to study global best practices as well as multiple interviews with inmates and officials to make human-centered design recommendations which were within the the capabilities of the DOC.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d15a\" id=\"d15a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Project: \u003C/strong>Expanding the NPC Data Labs model to the United States\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5d31\" id=\"5d31\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Client:\u003C/strong> National Philanthropy Capital\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c4cf\" id=\"c4cf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">About: \u003C/strong>The project explored opportunities to bring the NPC’s Data Labs model to the United States and understand the pre-conditions and partnerships necessary to enable it. The NPC Data Lab Model allows government and non-profit programs throughout the United Kingdom to conduct high-quality, low-cost evaluations using administrative data to determine how effective these programs are. These evaluations can inform more evidence-based resource allocation and will offer insights for how other programs can improve their efficacy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5032\" id=\"5032\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Project: \u003C/strong>Designing Citizens into Lawmaking: A survey of design choices for crowdlaw systems.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"65ae\" id=\"65ae\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Client: \u003C/strong>Podemos/Madrid City Council\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"223c\" id=\"223c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">About: \u003C/strong>With world-wide citizen trust in government at an all time low, the podemos party in Madrid, Spain has drafted a citizen engagement law to reconnect with their constituents and crowdsourcing citizen opinion for improved law-making. The Yale clinic team’s project was to further develop the law and provide feedback for its improvement. This involved identifying instructive cases from around the world, thinking creatively about potential mechanisms to involve citizens more effectively in the legislative process and offer discrete recommendations that Podemos could incorporate into their legislation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fe7e\" id=\"fe7e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Project: \u003C/strong>Data-Driven Analysis of Discrimination in Prosecution and Sentencing\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"814c\" id=\"814c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Client: \u003C/strong>Legal Aid Society\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7551\" id=\"7551\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">About: \u003C/strong>The goal of the project is to develop an initial research question that will be helpful to the Legal Aid Society’s practice or its policy advocacy.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"1ea2\" id=\"1ea2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">On the policy advocacy side, the goal of the proposed project is to analyze the effect of open file discovery on the disposition of LAS cases and on the amount of time the cases are in court.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3269\" id=\"3269\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">On the practice side, the goal of the proposed project is to evaluate the quality and accessibility of various alternative-to-incarceration programs to help LAS attorneys better advise their clients.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch3 name=\"c9f0\" id=\"c9f0\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--li\">Fall 2016:\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"6e98\" id=\"6e98\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Project: \u003C/strong>Training Government Officials on Appropriate Use of Randomized Controlled Trials\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"49a9\" id=\"49a9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Client: \u003C/strong>J-PAL\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f35d\" id=\"f35d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">About:\u003C/strong>Policy-makers lack access to timely and relevant empirical results to inform policy decision making. This leads to an over-reliance on observation in lieu of evidence-based strategies for testing the effectiveness of social programs.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c005\" id=\"c005\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We are developing an interactive tool that will help policymakers quantify the impact of their programs through randomized control trials. The tool will walk government personnel through what an RCT is, why to conduct one and how to implement it. It will also connect them to existing resources on the topic.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ba8f\" id=\"ba8f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Project:\u003C/strong> Lawyer as Innovator: Improving the Efficiency of Government General Counsel\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cb44\" id=\"cb44\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Client: \u003C/strong>Brookings Institute\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1cea\" id=\"1cea\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">About:\u003C/strong> Offices of Government Counsel often have outdated processes, software, and management tools. This makes it more difficult for OGCs to serve the mission of their agencies effectively and efficiently.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6cb2\" id=\"6cb2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The team is working with General Counsels across four cabinet departments and conducting a wide range of interviews to the end of making specific recommendations focused on helping the government lawyer become a partner in the process of agency modernization and innovation. The recommendations will be published in a Whitepaper and accompanied by a Hackathon designed to transform some of the recommendations into practical prototypes for new ways of working.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9208\" id=\"9208\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Project: \u003C/strong>Data-Driven Justice\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8a7e\" id=\"8a7e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Client: \u003C/strong>Lafayette Parish, LA, Codington County, SD\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"aed4\" id=\"aed4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">About: \u003C/strong>In many U.S. localities, law enforcement does not have available mental health information which can be acted on to reduce the rate and recurrence of incarceration of those with mental health needs. Although access to mental health data could reduce incarceration among the mentally ill, the problem is that jurisdictions do not know how to ethically and responsibly share data to this end. We have partnered with two jurisdictions in order to 1) provide research and analysis to support the successful design and implementation of new data sharing programs; and 2) extract learnings, which if incorporated into an online decision support tool, could help other communities be able to share data responsibly\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4c15\" id=\"4c15\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Project: \u003C/strong>Developing a Dispute Resolution Process for Contributing Data to Clinical Trials\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c5bb\" id=\"c5bb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Client: \u003C/strong>Sage Bionetworks\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e0fc\" id=\"e0fc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">About: \u003C/strong>The ubiquity of mobile phones — and their many sensors for collecting data — offers a new way for biomedical researchers to recruit patients to participate in clinical trials quickly and easily. Using either Apple or Android platforms, participants consent to both make their data available to a clinician and to have their anonymized data published for others researchers who may be able to employ it in novel studies. This has the potential to accelerate research and cures dramatically.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ca3b\" id=\"ca3b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">However, the current process developed by Sage Bionetworks does not provide clinical trial participants with a method to raise meaningful ethical objections to third party re-use of their data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0faf\" id=\"0faf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">In order to promote participant trust and establish ethical procedures in an emerging field, we are designing a flexible dispute resolution process so that those who make the gift of data have a voice in controlling their data. By looking at dispute resolution systems across disciplines and communities, we can design a system that balances the rights of data donors with the unique advantages of open health data.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/the-open-government-and-open-data-governance-clinic",{"title":3498,"description":3501},"the-open-government-and-open-data-governance-clinic","blogposts/the-open-government-and-open-data-governance-clinic","aJJszF0mmxbOwJilP-0Bg3uHAq8DNeHIOD10BqGVWWI",{"id":3511,"title":3512,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3513,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3514,"description":3515,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3512,"image":34,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3516,"meta":3517,"navigation":15,"path":3518,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3519,"slug":3520,"startTime":34,"stem":3521,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3522},"blogposts/blogposts/the-governance-innovation-clinic.json","The Governance Innovation Clinic",[],"2017-06-02T16:37:08","The Governance Innovation Clinic is a public entrepreneurship training program designed to help the next generation of leader know how to…","\n\u003Csection name=\"f917\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"a3da\" id=\"a3da\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">The Governance Innovation Clinic\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"5c78\" id=\"5c78\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">The Governance Innovation Clinic is a public entrepreneurship training program designed to help the next generation of leader know how to solve problems more openly, collaboratively and with better evidence.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0e27\" id=\"0e27\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">By matching teams of graduate students to governments and nonprofits to solve problems, the Clinic supports the strengthening of democratic institutions by using legal, technological, and management innovations to create more effective and legitimate solutions to complex public problems.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ae37\" id=\"ae37\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The goals of the clinic are three-fold: to help institutions innovate in how they work and become more effective using both big data and collective intelligence; to promote the public’s right to participate in governing in ways that access people’s talents, creativity, and interests; and to empower students to become 21st century public leaders and problem solvers armed with a diverse and powerful toolkit for social change.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"117c\" id=\"117c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Clients have included the US Patent Office, the Delaware Secretary of State, Presidencies of Mexico and Argentina, Poverty Action Lab, Lafayette Parish, Louisiana, Inter-American Development Bank, Brazilian Parliament, Brookings, Connecticut Commissioner of Prisons and The Legal Aid Society.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6106\" id=\"6106\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why a Governance Innovation Clinic?\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"11f4\" id=\"11f4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We live in an era of unprecedented technological innovation with ingenious new advances for achieving clean energy, eradicating disease and providing greater wellness, more equitably and effectively delivering education, and improving the quality of human existence and expression. At the same time, we are experiencing clear deficits within centralized institutions of government and civil society: deficits of agility, innovation and capacity. Reinventing our governing institutions has become both imperative and possible as a result of the advent of: sensors to collect large quantities of data; communications tools to gather information and insights from people; and technologies of expertise to target and match the demand for know how to the supply of it for improved decision-making.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"17db\" id=\"17db\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">How Does the Clinic Work?\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5704\" id=\"5704\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Participants in the clinic form small teams to take the lead in working with client-partners.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"28ba\" id=\"28ba\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The course always includes a “think” and a “do” component. Class is a discussion-style seminar where we examine advances in technology, their impact on how we govern, and the interplay with related law and policy. We also focus on the ethics administrative, information, and open government laws. This alternates with the “do” portion focused on skills training.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4f49\" id=\"4f49\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We do not write abstract policy papers. We work with clients to implement and test the projects in practice. Hence students usually must conduct ethnographic research — today called Human Centered Design to understand human behavior and incentives for changing it. This means interviewing biomedical researchers about how they use data, to the end of designing a decision support tool to ensure legal compliance but that makes for how they work.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"66d2\" id=\"66d2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The output always involves written work but students also learn to deliver whatever persuasive material is needed to solve the problem. For our project on the 21st century government counsel last semester, for example, they created a persuasive presentation for their very busy clients who don’t have time to read, making sure to address cost offsets and how to pay for the recommendations they were making.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5afd\" id=\"5afd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Finally, as the world comes to expect evidence- and results-based decisionmaking, we do deep dive intensives on data analytical thinking (including data science workshops) and how to measure results.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0fb2\" id=\"0fb2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">How Does the Clinic Choose Projects?\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7aaa\" id=\"7aaa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Although we address impact of technology on government, we choose our projects carefully. We will not, for example, build a Muslim registry. We aim only to undertake projects that fail to advance social justice and progressive governance. Therefore we do:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fc7b\" id=\"fc7b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">1) Transparency projects — Students worked with a British non-profit on evaluating models for responsibly using administrative data to conduct impact evaluations while safeguarding privacy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1348\" id=\"1348\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">2) Citizen engagement projects — A team worked with Madrid’s city council to design Madrid’s first law on citizen engagement.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c708\" id=\"c708\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">3) Data-driven social policy projects –A team helped the Legal Aid Society in New York dive into their 30 years of untouched data to improve how Legal Aid delivers services and to identify broader policy reforms.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"495b\" id=\"495b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We invite projects that:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f959\" id=\"f959\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Projects:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"228b\" id=\"228b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Have the potential to improve people’s lives;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"cfd8\" id=\"cfd8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Can be developed in one semester and are implementable in a one-year time frame;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"28c2\" id=\"28c2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Involve innovative leaders as clients willing to experiment and test what works;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4f2e\" id=\"4f2e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Involve the design of technology as well as the study of the legal implications of technology;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5dec\" id=\"5dec\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li graf--trailing\">Give students the opportunity to design and implement new products and projects and to do original, publishable research and writing.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/the-governance-innovation-clinic",{"title":3512,"description":3515},"the-governance-innovation-clinic","blogposts/the-governance-innovation-clinic","FO6De4rNDZoJKp4TjC9LS9OyCmN3kzCRoNvON8Q4ZCg",{"id":3524,"title":3525,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3526,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3527,"description":3528,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3525,"image":3529,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3530,"meta":3531,"navigation":15,"path":3532,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3533,"slug":3534,"startTime":34,"stem":3535,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3536},"blogposts/blogposts/introducing-the-smarter-crowdsourcing-against-corruption-initiative.json","Introducing the Smarter Crowdsourcing Against Corruption Initiative",[],"2017-05-22T14:45:23","Partnering with Mexico’s Government and the IADB to identify and implement innovative approaches for fighting corruption","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/1200/1*ECIVykESHCezPGKQribf6Q.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"1adc\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--outsetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"ae73\" id=\"ae73\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--layoutOutsetCenter graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*ECIVykESHCezPGKQribf6Q.png\" data-width=\"2140\" data-height=\"582\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/1200/1*ECIVykESHCezPGKQribf6Q.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"8ffc\" id=\"8ffc\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">Introducing the \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Smarter Crowdsourcing \u003C/strong>Against Corruption Initiative\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"0365\" id=\"0365\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--hasDropCapModel graf--hasDropCap graf-after--h3\">\u003Cspan class=\"graf-dropCap\">To\u003C/span> identify and implement innovative approaches for fighting corruption, we at The \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Governance Lab\u003C/a> (GovLab) are partnering with Mexico’s \u003Ca href=\"http://www.gob.mx/sfp\" data-href=\"http://www.gob.mx/sfp\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Secretaría de la Función Pública\u003C/a> (Secretariat of the Civil Service) and the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.iadb.org\" data-href=\"http://www.iadb.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Inter-American Development Bank\u003C/a> to conduct a series of online conferences that will convene global experts from a variety of fields, including public administration, data analytics, technology, law enforcement, and business.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1fb1\" id=\"1fb1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">These six online dialogues will take place during June and July of 2017, with each two-hour dialogue focusing on a specific challenge that stands in the way of improved public integrity. We are soliciting the advice and participation of experts from around the world.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0392\" id=\"0392\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The online conferences will address the following six challenges:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"2fe9\" id=\"2fe9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Measuring Corruption and its Costs (June 6)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4262\" id=\"4262\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Countering Judicial Corruption (June 20)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e0b4\" id=\"e0b4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Facilitating Citizen Participation in Policymaking (June 27)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c37d\" id=\"c37d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Ensuring Whistleblower Support and Protection (July 11)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"bb19\" id=\"bb19\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Increasing the Effectiveness of Prosecution ( July 18)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"dded\" id=\"dded\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Tracking and Analyzing Money Flows (July 25)\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"7e05\" id=\"7e05\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Each conference will take place from 10–12p Eastern Standard Time.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c842\" id=\"c842\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To express your interest or to refer others who may be able to help, please follow this link \u003Ca href=\"http://anticorruption.smartercrowdsourcing.org\" data-href=\"http://anticorruption.smartercrowdsourcing.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">anticorruption.smartercrowdsourcing.org\u003C/a> or email \u003Ca href=\"mailto:anticorruption@thegovlab.org\" data-href=\"mailto:anticorruption@thegovlab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">anticorruption@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"5b61\" id=\"5b61\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*DT1FwHSrow6dVoTf.\" data-width=\"979\" data-height=\"668\" data-is-featured=\"true\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*DT1FwHSrow6dVoTf.\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Beth Noveck introduces the Smarter Crowdsourcing | Anti-corruption initiative during a workshop on problem definition with key stakeholders at Mexico City (April 21st, 2017).\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch4 name=\"4486\" id=\"4486\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">WHY ANTI-CORRUPTION? WHY MEXICO? WHY INNOVATE?\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"3ab9\" id=\"3ab9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">One in every three times a Mexican citizen interacts with government a bribe is paid (read more \u003Ca href=\"http://www.beta.inegi.org.mx/proyectos/enchogares/regulares/encig/2015/\" data-href=\"http://www.beta.inegi.org.mx/proyectos/enchogares/regulares/encig/2015/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a> or \u003Ca href=\"http://www.tm.org.mx/indice-nacional-de-corrupcion-y-buen-gobierno-incbg/\" data-href=\"http://www.tm.org.mx/indice-nacional-de-corrupcion-y-buen-gobierno-incbg/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>). The real cost of such a problem goes beyond the billions of diverted taxpayer pesos. It also hinders the delivery of essential government services, harms public safety, and reduces public trust in government. In a recent survey, corruption was named as the second most relevant problem in Mexico behind only crime and ahead of unemployment.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"b739\" id=\"b739\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*6psK_CAPYc2up0GOVhfWXA.jpeg\" data-width=\"666\" data-height=\"339\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*6psK_CAPYc2up0GOVhfWXA.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Graphic 1. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ipsos.com/sites/default/files/2016-10/What_Worries_the_World-Sep_2016.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.ipsos.com/sites/default/files/2016-10/What_Worries_the_World-Sep_2016.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">What Worries the World\u003C/a>. Ipsos Public Affairs. 2016.\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"0269\" id=\"0269\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In 2016, the challenge of corruption spurred an unprecedented legal reform process, driven by civil society. The passage of the National Anti-Corruption System calls for reforms across the federal government. The new legal framework –which has been \u003Ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/themexicoinstitute/2016/07/18/mexico-wins-anti-corruption-reform-approved/#40be4e83618b\" data-href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/themexicoinstitute/2016/07/18/mexico-wins-anti-corruption-reform-approved/#40be4e83618b\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">widely heralded\u003C/a>– creates, for example, a specialized court on corruption crimes and it expands and improves the ethics obligations of public servants. Although the \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Sistema Nacional Anticorrupción\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> (National Anti-Corruption System) has propelled Mexico to global leadership in the reach and strength of its anti-corruption laws, most of the battle still lies ahead, as government agencies, the judiciary, and civil society put this law into practice.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1a9e\" id=\"1a9e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Implementing a reform of this scale and complexity requires government to work in fundamentally different ways. Entire programs and processes need to be re-built, institutions reformed, and behaviors and mindsets changed. With this daunting challenge comes an opportunity to introduce innovative and improved approaches to governing.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"b9e9\" id=\"b9e9\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">WHAT DO WE MEAN BY SMARTER CROWDSOURCING?\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"7466\" id=\"7466\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">We are applying the \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Smarter Crowdsourcing\u003C/strong> methodology to the pressing challenge of corruption in an effort to help Mexico rapidly identify practical reform strategies that have worked elsewhere. The goal is to harness the momentum created by the passage of the National Anti-Corruption System to go beyond legal principles and, in addition, to implement new practices.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"c130\" id=\"c130\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*d0wJyAiPPgw9EWM5OSSmtA.png\" data-width=\"1504\" data-height=\"848\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*d0wJyAiPPgw9EWM5OSSmtA.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Online dialogue on “Assessing Public Awareness” for the Smarter Crowdsourcing | Zika initiative that took place during August-October, 2016.\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"93b2\" id=\"93b2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Thus, instead of a handful of people meeting once at great expense in a conference room, we will use the Internet to make it easy for people to lend their time and know-how to identify, design and iterate upon implementable ideas that governments can use.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"47bf\" id=\"47bf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The method we employ marries the agility and diversity of crowdsourcing (also called “open innovation”) with curation to target those with relevant know-how and bring them together in a format designed to produce effective and implementable outcomes.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6501\" id=\"6501\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This more targeted form of crowdsourcing, which quickly matches the demand for expertise to the supply of it, is what we call “smarter crowdsourcing.”\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"be94\" id=\"be94\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*3u3uINXcoNRMZapAwDKhLg.png\" data-width=\"1040\" data-height=\"583\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*3u3uINXcoNRMZapAwDKhLg.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"1398\" id=\"1398\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">This is our third iteration of the Smarter Crowdsourcing model. In 2015, we assisted the government of Quito, Ecuador in preparing for the eruption of the Cotopaxi Volcano, that led to the development and testing of a new citizen reporting platform. More recently, we completed a Smarter Crowdsourcing initiative focused on Zika in partnership with the Inter-American Development Bank and the governments of Argentina, Colombia, Panama, and Rio de Janeiro (\u003Ca href=\"http://zika.smartercrowdsourcing.org/\" data-href=\"http://zika.smartercrowdsourcing.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">see project here\u003C/a>).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a2a6\" id=\"a2a6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This model has five phases, as outlined below (figure 1):\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--outsetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"b3d4\" id=\"b3d4\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--layoutOutsetCenter graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*x2xsP3KpJAcbRO1r.\" data-width=\"1359\" data-height=\"508\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/1200/0*x2xsP3KpJAcbRO1r.\">\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"247c\" id=\"247c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">First\u003C/strong>, we break a big problem down into a set of specific, core challenges that need to be addressed.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2331\" id=\"2331\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Second\u003C/strong>, we work with our government partners to conduct background research on each challenges and ensure that we understand its root causes and, particularly, how those manifest themselves in each context.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bad0\" id=\"bad0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Third\u003C/strong>, we solicit the participation of leading experts to address these core challenges. We both put out an open call for volunteers and hand-select the list of guests who can contribute most to helping governments to identify practical solutions.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"afdb\" id=\"afdb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Next\u003C/strong>, we hold online conferences on each challenge to identify potential innovative approaches to solving them.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5b4a\" id=\"5b4a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Finally\u003C/strong>, in order to enable implementation of what is learned during the conferences, we complement the online dialogues with research and write up detailed implementation roadmaps in order that our partners can put the best ideas into action quickly.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4f32\" id=\"4f32\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">WHERE ARE WE NOW? HOW YOU CAN HELP?\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e0c6\" id=\"e0c6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">At this stage in the project, we have already worked with Mexico’s Secretaría de la Función Pública and the IADB to identify and prioritize those six challenges that this initiative will help to address. In collaboration with \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Yale’s Governance Innovation Clinic,\u003C/strong> we conducted research into each of these challenges, developing detailed problem briefs which will inform the online conferences.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"f603\" id=\"f603\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*E7k64fuMtKpzi0uTEfK3fA.jpeg\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"1026\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*E7k64fuMtKpzi0uTEfK3fA.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Participants at Mexico City’s workshop discussed problem briefs and provided additional feedback to GovLab’s team.\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"5f6f\" id=\"5f6f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">To aid in that research, we convened a workshop at the offices of the Inter-American Development Bank in Mexico City with around 60 key stakeholders –top-level government officials, leading civil society organizations, representatives from the private sector, and local academics and experts– where the six challenges were discussed and specified. The workshop tested our understanding of the problems and gave us additional feedback on the briefs that will guide the conferences (see the program of the workshop \u003Ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B9P1gGvCmrkpczJzM0JtRjBaZGs/view?usp=sharing\" data-href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B9P1gGvCmrkpczJzM0JtRjBaZGs/view?usp=sharing\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a>).\u003C/p>\u003Cblockquote name=\"754d\" id=\"754d\" class=\"graf graf--pullquote graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--pullquote-strong\">We are now preparing and designing each of the six conferences, actively soliciting offers of expertise or referrals from global experts.\u003C/strong> These conferences will last approximately two hours. You can express your interest by following \u003Ca href=\"http://anticorruption.smartercrowdsourcing.org/register.html\" data-href=\"http://anticorruption.smartercrowdsourcing.org/register.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--pullquote-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--pullquote-strong\">this link\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> or email \u003Ca href=\"mailto:anticorruption@thegovlab.org\" data-href=\"mailto:anticorruption@thegovlab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--pullquote-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">anticorruption@thegovlab.org\u003C/a>.\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cp name=\"0ede\" id=\"0ede\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--pullquote\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">From the conferences, a set of implementable ideas will be identified and detailed plans about how to put those ideas into action will be prepared. \u003C/strong>Although written for Mexico, these implementation guides will be freely available online for the benefit of anti-corruption reformers everywhere. Additionally, over the course of this project, we will foster a network of informal, agile, and diverse innovators from around the world.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"97a9\" id=\"97a9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">If you want to keep informed about this initiative, you can visit \u003Ca href=\"http://anticorruption.smartercrowdsourcing.org\" data-href=\"http://anticorruption.smartercrowdsourcing.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">anticorruption.smartercrowdsourcing.org\u003C/a> or follow \u003Ca href=\"https://twitter.com/TheGovLab\" data-href=\"https://twitter.com/TheGovLab\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">@TheGovLab\u003C/a> on Twitter.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/introducing-the-smarter-crowdsourcing-against-corruption-initiative",{"title":3525,"description":3528},"introducing-the-smarter-crowdsourcing-against-corruption-initiative","blogposts/introducing-the-smarter-crowdsourcing-against-corruption-initiative","C16B3_CiZdPenQjVc2sm1FGCHGylQ2F5RJMjDaHiyl4",{"id":3538,"title":3539,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3540,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3541,"description":3542,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3539,"image":3543,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3544,"meta":3545,"navigation":15,"path":3546,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3547,"slug":3548,"startTime":34,"stem":3549,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3550},"blogposts/blogposts/health-and-data-resources-from-the-govlab.json","Health and Data: Resources from the GovLab",[],"2017-03-09T22:05:01","The GovLab’s mission is to improve people’s lives by changing the way we govern. Data is one of the key assets now available to…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*XFCANjsqMmTmJdA1k49nMQ.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"71bf\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"abba\" id=\"abba\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Health and Data: Resources from the GovLab\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"d6ab\" id=\"d6ab\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">The GovLab’s mission is to improve people’s lives by changing the way we govern. Data is one of the key assets now available to institutions in their efforts to innovate and improve the effectiveness and legitimacy of governance. Ahead of the Open Data Week’s \u003Ca href=\"https://generalassemb.ly/education/nyc-open-data-week-data-and-health/new-york-city/34700\" data-href=\"https://generalassemb.ly/education/nyc-open-data-week-data-and-health/new-york-city/34700\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Data and Health event at General Assembly\u003C/a>, the GovLab prepared this compendium, collecting a number of publications, case studies and other resources on uses of data to improve people’s lives in the health sector.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cc9e\" id=\"cc9e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">GovLab Reports on Health and Data\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"f125\" id=\"f125\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*XFCANjsqMmTmJdA1k49nMQ.png\" data-width=\"1090\" data-height=\"1304\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*XFCANjsqMmTmJdA1k49nMQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"a9c2\" id=\"a9c2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/nhs-health-report.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/nhs-health-report.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Smarter Health: Boosting Analytical Capacity at NHS\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"507a\" id=\"507a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Informed by both a literature review and analysis, as well as over fifty interviews with personnel from the U.K. National Health Service (NHS) and other experts, this paper aims to help NHS better tap into the analytical expertise present within the health service and among the broader population to the end of making better use of data in patient care.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c505\" id=\"c505\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/nhs-full-report.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/nhs-full-report.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Open Data Era in Health and Social Care\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b38d\" id=\"b38d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">This report developed by the GovLab in partnership with the NHS seeks to define a blueprint for accelerating the use of open data in healthcare settings. The report proposes a number of ways to generate a conversation about how the health and social care systems can maximize the impact of data sharing and meaningfully measure the impacts of open data efforts.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"48f2\" class=\"section section--body\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch4 name=\"7899\" id=\"7899\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf--leading\">GovLab Case Studies\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"a6a1\" id=\"a6a1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Open Data’s Impact\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"047f\" id=\"047f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/static/files/case-studies-sierra-leone.pdf\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/static/files/case-studies-sierra-leone.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Battling Ebola in Sierra Leone\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"084f\" id=\"084f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This case study explores a number of data-driven initiatives that emerged during the 2014 outbreak of Ebola in West Africa. These initiatives leveraged open and crowdsourced data to improve relief efforts among local and international humanitarian actors on the ground in Sierra Leone.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"dc42\" id=\"dc42\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*kIPMWigxGIZnSlnlJ5Dc3w.png\" data-width=\"2294\" data-height=\"1112\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*kIPMWigxGIZnSlnlJ5Dc3w.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"b27f\" id=\"b27f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/static/files/case-studies-singapore.pdf\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/static/files/case-studies-singapore.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Singapore’s Dengue Cluster Map\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b1e8\" id=\"b1e8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This case study examines Singapore’s data-driven effort to combat the spread of dengue fever. Among other efforts, the National Environmental Agency released a Dengue Cluster Map to raise awareness among the population about where dengue transmission is most likely, and to help inform preventative actions.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1737\" id=\"1737\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/static/files/case-studies-coeliac.pdf\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/static/files/case-studies-coeliac.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">United Kingdom’s Coeliac UK and Brandbank\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9109\" id=\"9109\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This case study, drafted by Becky Hogge, considers a data-driven initiative in the UK aimed at helping citizens suffering from coeliac adhere to their strict gluten-free diet.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8358\" id=\"8358\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/static/files/case-study-uruguay.pdf\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/static/files/case-study-uruguay.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Uruguay’s A Tu Servicio\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2485\" id=\"2485\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This case study examines Uruguay’s A Tu Servicio initiative, a platform that provides easily digestible, searchable and visualized infographics based on open government health data to empower citizens to make more informed choices about their health care.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"eaeb\" id=\"eaeb\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*KgFo8KCsRK9OhsxS.\" data-width=\"1600\" data-height=\"1000\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*KgFo8KCsRK9OhsxS.\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"b4a4\" id=\"b4a4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data Collaboratives\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a7b8\" id=\"a7b8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Across the world, actors from different sectors are creating ‘Data Collaboratives,’ a new form of collaboration, beyond the public-private partnership model, in which participants from different sectors exchange their data to create public value. The GovLab’s research into Data Collaboratives has uncovered dozens of examples of data-sharing arrangements toward the public good, including the below examples from the health sector:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"0519\" id=\"0519\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/23andme-patient-centric-research-portal.html\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/23andme-patient-centric-research-portal.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">23andMe Patient-Centric Research Portal\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e726\" id=\"e726\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/aacr-project-genomics-evidence-neoplasia-information-exchange.html\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/aacr-project-genomics-evidence-neoplasia-information-exchange.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">AACR Project Genomics Evidence Neoplasia Information Exchange\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5ae2\" id=\"5ae2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/accelerating-medicines-partnership-amp.html\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/accelerating-medicines-partnership-amp.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Accelerating Medicines Partnership (AMP)\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b571\" id=\"b571\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/clinical-study-data-request-program.html\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/clinical-study-data-request-program.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Clinical Study Data Request Program\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"10cc\" id=\"10cc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/deloites-convergehealth-allergan-and-intermountain-healthcare-analytics.html\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/deloites-convergehealth-allergan-and-intermountain-healthcare-analytics.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Deloitte’s ConvergeHEALTH, Allergan and Intermountain Healthcare Analytics\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8c66\" id=\"8c66\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/genomic-data-commons.html\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/genomic-data-commons.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Genomic Data Commons\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"30d2\" id=\"30d2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/glaxosmithkline-and-community-care-of-north-carolina-medicine-management.html\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/glaxosmithkline-and-community-care-of-north-carolina-medicine-management.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">GlaxoSmithKline and Community Care of North Carolina Medicine Management\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2138\" id=\"2138\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/google-flu-trends.html\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/google-flu-trends.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Google Flu Trends\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c9d8\" id=\"c9d8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/harvards-malaria-tracking-research.html\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/harvards-malaria-tracking-research.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Harvard’s Malaria Tracking Research\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d5af\" id=\"d5af\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/ibm-watson-health-smarter-healthcare-in-canada.html\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/ibm-watson-health-smarter-healthcare-in-canada.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">IBM Watson Health: Smarter Healthcare in Canada\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"cdca\" id=\"cdca\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/johnson--johnson-yale-open-data-access-project.html\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/johnson--johnson-yale-open-data-access-project.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Johnson & Johnson-Yale Open Data Access Project\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1cff\" id=\"1cff\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/lilly-t1d-exchange-diabetes-research-collaboration.html\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/lilly-t1d-exchange-diabetes-research-collaboration.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Lilly, T1D Exchange Diabetes Research Collaboration\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7b2c\" id=\"7b2c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/nih-big-data-to-knowledge-bd2k.html\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/nih-big-data-to-knowledge-bd2k.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NIH Big Data to Knowledge (BD2K)\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8588\" id=\"8588\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/nih-precision-medicine-initiative.html\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/nih-precision-medicine-initiative.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NIH Precision Medicine Initiative\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1603\" id=\"1603\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/patientslikeme-genentech-research-collaboration.html\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/patientslikeme-genentech-research-collaboration.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">PatientsLikeMe-Genentech Research Collaboration\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c78f\" id=\"c78f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/tracking-malaria-in-nambia-with-cell-phone-data.html\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/tracking-malaria-in-nambia-with-cell-phone-data.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Tracking Malaria in Nambia with Cell Phone Data\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8064\" id=\"8064\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/unicef-and-amadeus-zika-tracker.html\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/cases/unicef-and-amadeus-zika-tracker.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">UNICEF and Amadeus Zika Tracker\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cfigure name=\"6a72\" id=\"6a72\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*OGLLhU_SermxvAzDF3aM8A.png\" data-width=\"2560\" data-height=\"1600\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*OGLLhU_SermxvAzDF3aM8A.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"08ce\" id=\"08ce\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.opendata500.com/us/list/\" data-href=\"http://www.opendata500.com/us/list/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Healthcare Businesses in the Open Data 500\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b48a\" id=\"b48a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">The Open Data 500 is the first comprehensive study of U.S. based companies that use open government data as a key business resource. Of the 500 U.S. businesses included in the survey, 40 are active in the health sector, and 80 businesses leverage open data from the Department of Health and Human Services. Since its launch in 2014, the GovLab has expanded its focus through the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.opendata500.com/\" data-href=\"http://www.opendata500.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Data 500 Global Network\u003C/a>, with surveys launched in Australia, Canada, Mexico, Italy and Korea.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"0df6\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"2f1e\" id=\"2f1e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--leading\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Other Resources\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"14fb\" id=\"14fb\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*b1oSTFMi_-n94wL9JVUTcQ.png\" data-width=\"2294\" data-height=\"1224\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*b1oSTFMi_-n94wL9JVUTcQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"1de8\" id=\"1de8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"http://ogrx.org/by/all.html?filter=.f-open.f-health\" data-href=\"http://ogrx.org/by/all.html?filter=.f-open.f-health\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Health Sector Publications on the Open Governance Research Exchange (OGRX)\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f08e\" id=\"f08e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">OGRX is a platform, developed by the GovLab and founding partners mySociety and the World Bank Digital Evaluation Team, aimed at curating exciting new research on innovations in governance. The OGRX publication repository features dozens of publications focused on data-driven innovations in the health sector.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/health-and-data-resources-from-the-govlab",{"title":3539,"description":3542},"health-and-data-resources-from-the-govlab","blogposts/health-and-data-resources-from-the-govlab","cgnRmhFS3LR-iispdtgdkw6kHdHknrf5rffX6pFlpbc",{"id":3552,"title":3553,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3554,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3555,"description":3556,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3553,"image":3557,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3558,"meta":3559,"navigation":15,"path":3560,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3561,"slug":3562,"startTime":34,"stem":3563,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3564},"blogposts/blogposts/open-data-resources-from-the-govlab.json","Open Data Resources from the GovLab",[],"2017-03-04T21:50:44","Saturday March 3, 2018 marks another Open Data Day . This annual celebration encourages communities around the world to come together and…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*LLetP-kvuCOYInOPHhhwDw.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"c56f\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"ddff\" id=\"ddff\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Open Data Resources from the GovLab\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"8fa8\" id=\"8fa8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Saturday March 3, 2018 marks another \u003Ca href=\"http://opendataday.org/\" data-href=\"http://opendataday.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Data Day \u003C/a>. This annual celebration encourages communities around the world to come together and explore the public value that could potentially be created through open data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fc81\" id=\"fc81\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This year’s event is built around four central themes: Open Research Data, Tracking Public Money Flows, Open Mapping, and Data for Equal Development.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8d1c\" id=\"8d1c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To contribute to the occasion, The GovLab compiled some of its open data research and resources into the below compendium including:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"d030\" id=\"d030\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Books\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8386\" id=\"8386\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Case Studies\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3198\" id=\"3198\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Reports & Papers\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"31d3\" id=\"31d3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Projects\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"aa45\" id=\"aa45\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Additional Resources\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cfigure name=\"7b8c\" id=\"7b8c\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*LLetP-kvuCOYInOPHhhwDw.png\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"387\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*LLetP-kvuCOYInOPHhhwDw.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"05d1\" id=\"05d1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Open Data’s Impact\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4dcb\" id=\"4dcb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The home of GovLab’s work on the impact of open data. A collection of detailed case studies, key challenges and how to overcome them, and recommendations for governments and practitioners concerned with open data.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"e0b7\" id=\"e0b7\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*-7I0oZCaUCCd0PUvKfyoWw.png\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"717\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*-7I0oZCaUCCd0PUvKfyoWw.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"828d\" id=\"828d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/periodic-table.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/periodic-table.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Periodic Table of Open Data Elements\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bf7f\" id=\"bf7f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Based on the \u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/files/odimpact-developing-economies-appendices.pdf\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/files/odimpact-developing-economies-appendices.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">existing literature\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/index.html#explore\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/index.html#explore\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">case studies,\u003C/a> this periodic table, details the enabling conditions and disabling factors that often determine the impact of open data initiatives.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"6b64\" id=\"6b64\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">[open access] Books\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"1470\" id=\"1470\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.oreilly.com/data/free/the-global-impact-of-open-data.csp\" data-href=\"http://www.oreilly.com/data/free/the-global-impact-of-open-data.csp\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noopener noopener noopener noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Global Impact of Open Data\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> \u003C/strong>by Andrew Young & Stefaan G. Verhulst\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"320a\" id=\"320a\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*1Yl-pU8bMNS0hX3BWjyrIQ.gif\" data-width=\"180\" data-height=\"270\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*1Yl-pU8bMNS0hX3BWjyrIQ.gif\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"9806\" id=\"9806\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--figure\">“This comprehensive report, developed with support from Omidyar Network, presents detailed case studies of open data projects throughout the world, along with in-depth analysis of what works and what doesn’t. The authors explain how these projects have made governments more accountable and efficient, helped policymakers find solutions to previously intractable public problems, created new economic opportunities, and empowered citizens through new forms of social mobilization.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"988d\" id=\"988d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.africanminds.co.za/dd-product/open-data-in-developing-economies-toward-building-an-evidence-base-on-what-works-and-how/\" data-href=\"http://www.africanminds.co.za/dd-product/open-data-in-developing-economies-toward-building-an-evidence-base-on-what-works-and-how/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Open Data in Developing Economies: Toward Building an Evidence Base on What Works and How\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> \u003C/strong>by Stefaan G. Verhulst & Andrew Young\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"1267\" id=\"1267\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*FQf1OB8FJlAemhE-jwlVZA.png\" data-width=\"275\" data-height=\"444\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*FQf1OB8FJlAemhE-jwlVZA.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"5c1c\" id=\"5c1c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--figure\">“This book features in-depth case studies on how open data is having an impact across the developing world-from an agriculture initiative in Colombia to data-driven healthcare projects in Uganda and South Africa to crisis response in Nepal. \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Open Data for Developing Economies\u003C/em> features in-depth case studies on how open data is having an impact across the developing world-from an agriculture initiative in Colombia to data-driven healthcare projects in Uganda and South Africa to crisis response in Nepal. The analysis built on these case studies aims to create actionable intelligence regarding: a) the conditions under which open data is most (and least) effective in development, presented in the form of a \u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/periodic-table.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/periodic-table.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Periodic Table of Open Data\u003C/a>; b) strategies to maximize the positive contributions of open data to development; c) and the means for limiting open data’s harms on developing countries.”\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"4b6a\" id=\"4b6a\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*6unntSF26pBQakVt6v22FQ.png\" data-width=\"275\" data-height=\"444\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*6unntSF26pBQakVt6v22FQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"8390\" id=\"8390\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.africanminds.co.za/dd-product/the-social-dynamics-of-open-data/\" data-href=\"http://www.africanminds.co.za/dd-product/the-social-dynamics-of-open-data/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Social Dynamics of Open Data\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> \u003C/strong>by Francois van Schalkwyk, Stefaan Verhulst, Gustavo Magalhaes, Juan Pane & Johanna Walker (eds)\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f6f2\" id=\"f6f2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Social Dynamics of Open Data \u003C/em>is a collection of peer reviewed papers presented at the 2nd Open Data Research Symposium (ODRS) held in Madrid, Spain, on 5 October 2016. Research is critical to developing a more rigorous and fine-combed analysis not only of why open data is valuable, but how it is valuable and under what specific conditions. The objective of the Open Data Research Symposium and the subsequent collection of chapters published here is to build such a stronger evidence base. This base is essential to understanding what open data’s impacts have been to date, and how positive impacts can be enabled and amplified. Consequently, common to the majority of chapters in this collection is the attempt by the authors to draw on existing scientific theories, and to apply them to open data to better explain the socially embedded dynamics that account for open data’s successes and failures in contributing to a more equitable and just society.”\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"c487\" id=\"c487\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">37 Case Studies\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"b526\" id=\"b526\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Across two related projects — The Global Impact of Open Data, with support from Omidyar Network and Open Data in Developing Economies, in partnership with USAID, mSTAR, FHI 360, and the Web Foundation — the GovLab developed 37 detailed case studies exploring open data’s impacts around the world. The case studies were developed based on the recognition that, despite global commitments to and increasing enthusiasm for open data, little is actually known about its use and impact. What kinds of social and economic transformation has open data brought about and what is its future potential? How — and under what circumstances — has it been most effective? How have open data practitioners mitigated risks and maximized social good?\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"e6fc\" id=\"e6fc\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*Xs7C8nrLig95J4SE.\" data-width=\"767\" data-height=\"765\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Xs7C8nrLig95J4SE.\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"b6bd\" id=\"b6bd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The case study research informed the developmend of a new taxonomy of impact for open data initiatives, outlining four central dimensions in which open data has been effective.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e4f9\" id=\"e4f9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">1. Improving Government\u003C/strong> — Open data is improving government, primarily by \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">tackling corruption and increasing transparency, \u003C/strong>and \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">enhancing public services\u003C/strong> and resource allocation.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"50a2\" id=\"50a2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-brazils-open-budget-transparency-portal.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-brazils-open-budget-transparency-portal.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Brazil’s Open Budget Transparency Portal\u003C/a>: Making Public how Public Money is Spent\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1044\" id=\"1044\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-denmarks-open-address-data-set.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-denmarks-open-address-data-set.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Denmark’s Open Address Data Set\u003C/a>: Consolidating and Reefing-up Address Data\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"82c4\" id=\"82c4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-burundis-open-rbf.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-burundis-open-rbf.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Burundi’s Open RBF\u003C/a>: Making Health Spending and Performance Transparent\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"bfde\" id=\"bfde\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-indias-esmi.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-indias-esmi.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">India’s ESMI\u003C/a>: Civil Society Complimenting Government Data in an open Manner\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a747\" id=\"a747\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-indonesias-kawal-pemilu.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-indonesias-kawal-pemilu.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Indonesia’s Kawal Pemilu: Elections: Free, Fair and Open Data\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"683c\" id=\"683c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-open-contracting-and-procurement-in-slovakia.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-open-contracting-and-procurement-in-slovakia.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Contracting and Procurement in Slovakia: Open Contracting and Procurement in Slovakia\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ae22\" id=\"ae22\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-open-development-cambodia.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-open-development-cambodia.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Development Cambodia\u003C/a>: Opening Information on Development Efforts\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f122\" id=\"f122\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-openaid-in-sweden.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-openaid-in-sweden.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">OpenAid in Sweden: Enhanced Transparency and Accountability in Development Cooperation\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"90f3\" id=\"90f3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-opening-canadas-t3010-charity-information-return-data.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-opening-canadas-t3010-charity-information-return-data.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Opening Canada’s T3010 Charity Information Return Data: Accountability of Charities of Charities through Open Data\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7c5b\" id=\"7c5b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-ugandas-iparticipate.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-ugandas-iparticipate.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Uganda’s Iparticipate\u003C/a>: Open Data for Achieving Better Health Outcomes\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0a70\" id=\"0a70\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-united-kingdoms-open-public-services-network.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-united-kingdoms-open-public-services-network.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">United Kingdom’s Open Public Services Network\u003C/a>: New Strategies to Close the Data Gap (written by Becky Hogge)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"83e9\" id=\"83e9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-united-kingdoms-opencorporates.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-united-kingdoms-opencorporates.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">United Kingdom’s Open Corporates\u003C/a>: Open Data as One Small Part of the Picture (written by Becky Hogge)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8893\" id=\"8893\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-united-kingdoms-theyworkforyou.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-united-kingdoms-theyworkforyou.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">United Kingdom’s They Work for You\u003C/a>: Taking the Long View (written by Becky Hogge)\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"6116\" id=\"6116\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">2. Empowering Citizens\u003C/strong> — Open data is empowering citizens to take control of their lives and demand change by enabling \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">more informed decision making\u003C/strong> and \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">new forms of social mobilization,\u003C/strong> both in turn facilitated by new ways of communicating and accessing information.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"3486\" id=\"3486\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-gottovote-kenya.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-gottovote-kenya.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Gottovote! Kenya\u003C/a>: Improving Voter Turnout with Open Data\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f42b\" id=\"f42b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-kenyas-open-duka.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-kenyas-open-duka.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Kenya’s Open Duka\u003C/a>: Open Data for Transactional Transparency\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"12b6\" id=\"12b6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-mexicos-mejora-tu-escuela.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-mexicos-mejora-tu-escuela.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Mexico’s Mejora Tu Escuela: Empowering Citizens to Make Data-Driven Decisions about Education\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"219d\" id=\"219d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-open-education-information-in-tanzania.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-open-education-information-in-tanzania.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Education Information in Tanzania\u003C/a>: A tale of two Dashboards\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7b67\" id=\"7b67\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-tanzanias-open-education-dashboards.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-tanzanias-open-education-dashboards.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Tanzania’s Open Education Dashboards\u003C/a>: Improving Education with Open Data\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"78dc\" id=\"78dc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-south-africa-code4sa.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-south-africa-code4sa.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">South Africa CODE4SA\u003C/a>: Cheaper Medicines for Consumers\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"693d\" id=\"693d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-uruguays-a-tu-servicio.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-uruguays-a-tu-servicio.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Uruguay’s A Tu Servicio: \u003C/a>\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-mexicos-mejora-tu-escuela.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-mexicos-mejora-tu-escuela.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Empowering Citizens to Make Data-Driven Decisions\u003C/a> on Healthcare\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"fff4\" id=\"fff4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">3. Creating Opportunity\u003C/strong> — Open data is creating new opportunities for citizens and organizations, by \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">fostering innovation\u003C/strong> and \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">promoting economic growth\u003C/strong> and job creation.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"770c\" id=\"770c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-acl%C3%ADmate-colombia.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-acl%C3%ADmate-colombia.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Aclimat Colombia\u003C/a>: Open Data to Improve Agricultural Resiliency\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3ef3\" id=\"3ef3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-ghanas-esoko.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-ghanas-esoko.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ghana’s Esoco\u003C/a>: Leveling the Information Playing Field for Smallholder Farmers\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"95f4\" id=\"95f4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-jamaicas-interactive-community-mapping.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-jamaicas-interactive-community-mapping.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Jamaica’s Interactive Community Mapping\u003C/a>: Open Data and Crowdsourcing for Tourism\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"11ff\" id=\"11ff\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-united-kingdoms-hm-land-registry-price-paid-data.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-united-kingdoms-hm-land-registry-price-paid-data.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">United Kingdom’s HM Land Registry Price Paid Data\u003C/a>: The UK’s trading funds, and two futures for open data (written by Becky Hogge)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3964\" id=\"3964\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-united-kingdoms-ordnance-survey-opendata.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-united-kingdoms-ordnance-survey-opendata.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">United Kingdom’s Ordnance Survey Open Data\u003C/a>: A Clash of Business Models\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3ca4\" id=\"3ca4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-united-kingdoms-transport-for-london.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-united-kingdoms-transport-for-london.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">United Kingdom’s Transport for London\u003C/a>: Get set, go! (written by Becky Hogge)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5468\" id=\"5468\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-united-states-new-york-city-business-atlas.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-united-states-new-york-city-business-atlas.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">United States’ New York City Business Atlas\u003C/a>: Leveling the Playing Field\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0540\" id=\"0540\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-united-states-noaa-opening-up-global-weather-data-in-collaboration-with-businesses.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-united-states-noaa-opening-up-global-weather-data-in-collaboration-with-businesses.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">United States’ NOAA: Opening Up Global Weather Data in Collaboration with Businesses\u003C/a>: Creating a New Industry Through Access to Weather Data\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c42f\" id=\"c42f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-united-states-opening-gps-data-for-civilian-use.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-united-states-opening-gps-data-for-civilian-use.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">United States Opening GPS Data for Civilian Use\u003C/a>: Creating a Global Public Utility\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"4086\" id=\"4086\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">4. Solving Public Problems\u003C/strong> –Open data is playing an increasingly important role in solving big public problems, primarily by allowing citizens and policymakers access to \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">new forms of data-driven assessment\u003C/strong> of the problems at hand. It also \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">enables data-driven engagement\u003C/strong> producing more targeted interventions and enhanced collaboration.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"d4fc\" id=\"d4fc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-battling-ebola-in-sierra-leone.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-battling-ebola-in-sierra-leone.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Battling Ebola in Sierra Leone\u003C/a>: Data Sharing to Improve Crisis Response\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8b3b\" id=\"8b3b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-kennedy-vs-the-city-of-zanesville-united-states.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-kennedy-vs-the-city-of-zanesville-united-states.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Kennedy vs. the City of Zanesville, United States\u003C/a>: Open Data as Evidence\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"80da\" id=\"80da\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-nepal-earthquake-recovery.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-nepal-earthquake-recovery.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Nepal Earthquake Recovery\u003C/a>: Open Data to Improve Disaster Relief\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7cce\" id=\"7cce\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-new-zealands-christchurch-earthquake-clusters.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-new-zealands-christchurch-earthquake-clusters.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">New Zealand’s Christchurch Earthquake Clusters\u003C/a>:Open Data for Improving Emergency Response\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2f31\" id=\"2f31\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-paraguays-dengue-prediction.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-paraguays-dengue-prediction.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Paraguay’s Dengue Prediction\u003C/a>: Forecasting Outbreaks with Open Data\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3925\" id=\"3925\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-singapores-dengue-cluster-map.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-singapores-dengue-cluster-map.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Singapore’s Dengue Cluster Map\u003C/a>: Open Data for Public Health\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"319f\" id=\"319f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-united-kingdoms-coeliac-uk-and-brandbank.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-united-kingdoms-coeliac-uk-and-brandbank.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">United Kingdom’s Coeliac UK and Brandbank\u003C/a>: A view from the other side of open (written by Becky Hogge)\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"24e1\" id=\"24e1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-united-states-eightmaps.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/case-united-states-eightmaps.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">United States’ Eightmaps\u003C/a>: The Unintended Negative Consequences of Open Data\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch3 name=\"07d6\" id=\"07d6\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--li\">Reports & Papers\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"f09e\" id=\"f09e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/Rights-Based-and-Tech-Driven-Noveck-YHRDLJ-vol-19.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/Rights-Based-and-Tech-Driven-Noveck-YHRDLJ-vol-19.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Rights-Based and Tech-Driven: Open Data, Freedom of Information, and the Future of Government Transparency\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> by Beth Simone Noveck\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1408\" id=\"1408\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This essay explores the theory and practice of open data in comparison to FOIA and highlights its uses as a tool for advancing human rights, saving lives, and strengthening democracy. It argues that “by fostering public engagement, open data shifts the relationship between state and citizen from a monitorial to a collaborative one, centered around using information to solve problems together”.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9657\" id=\"9657\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/nhs-health-report.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/nhs-health-report.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Smarter Health: Boosting Analytical Capacity at NHS\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> by Beth Simone Noveck, Stefaan G. Verhulst, Andrew Young, Maria Hermosilla, Anirudh Dinesh & Juliet McMurren\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8e94\" id=\"8e94\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Informed by both a literature review and analysis as well as over fifty interviews with NHS and other experts, this paper offers a multiplicity of proposed recommendations\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"39c7\" id=\"39c7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/OpenData-and-SME-Final-Aug2015.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/OpenData-and-SME-Final-Aug2015.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Open Data: A Twenty-First Century Asset for Small and Medium Sized Enterprises\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> by Stefaan G. Verhulst & Robyn Caplan\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3dd3\" id=\"3dd3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A report exploring how the vast and rapid opening of privately-held data influences the general economy focusing on over 300 small and medium-sized businesses and start-up\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"34d1\" id=\"34d1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/nhs-full-report.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/nhs-full-report.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Open Data Era in Health and Social Care\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> by Stefaan G. Verhulst, Beth Simone Noveck, Robyn Caplan, Kristy Brown & Claudia Paz\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ed74\" id=\"ed74\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A blueprint developed by the GovLab in partnership with the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK to accelerate the use of open data in healthcare settings.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b373\" id=\"b373\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/psi_Information-for-Impact.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/psi_Information-for-Impact.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Information for Impact: Liberating Nonprofit Sector Data\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> by Beth Simone Noveck & Danniel L. Goroff\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"878e\" id=\"878e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This report addresses whether and how making Form 990 data — tax information provided to the IRS about tax-exempt organizations — truly open would not only make it easier to use for the organizations that already process it, but would also make it useful to researchers, advocates, entrepreneurs, technologists, and nonprofits that do not have the resources to use the data in its current form. In 2016, three years after the report’s publication, the U.S. Internal Revenue Service began openly publishing machine-readable nonprofit tax return data on Amazon Web Services.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"2bf2\" id=\"2bf2\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Current GovLab Open Data Projects\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"cb7e\" id=\"cb7e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/if-you-build-it-will-they-come-a-case-for-demand-driven-open-data-tickets-42544071463?aff=es2\" data-href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/if-you-build-it-will-they-come-a-case-for-demand-driven-open-data-tickets-42544071463?aff=es2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Open Data Demand Assessment & Engagement, NYC\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c5e1\" id=\"c5e1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Building on existing research on the use and impact of open data, and with grant support from the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.omidyar.com/\" data-href=\"https://www.omidyar.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Omidyar Network\u003C/a>, the GovLab, NYC Open Data Team, \u003Ca href=\"https://reboot.org/\" data-href=\"https://reboot.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Reboot\u003C/a> and\u003Ca href=\"http://www1.nyc.gov/site/fund/index.page\" data-href=\"http://www1.nyc.gov/site/fund/index.page\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Mayor’s Fund\u003C/a> are collaborating to develop a first-of-its-kind open data demand identification and assessment methodology toward developing a more evidence-based open data strategy to match supply and demand across NYC.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ed21\" id=\"ed21\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Open Data Demand Assessment & Engagement, Costa Rica\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ce8f\" id=\"ce8f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In collaboration with the Inter-American Development Bank, the GovLab is working with the Presidency of Costa Rica to develop and test a methodology for assessing the demand for open data, focusing especially on the demand for open government data among actors seeking to address issues related to environmental degradation and climate change.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"754c\" id=\"754c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/project-open-data-500-global-network.html\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/project-open-data-500-global-network.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Open Data 500 Global Network\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9d66\" id=\"9d66\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Supported by the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation, the Open Data 500 is the first ever survey of businesses using open government data as a key business asset. OD500 started with a U.S.-focused study, and has now expanded to five other countries, including the recently launched:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4624\" id=\"4624\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://canada.opendata500.com/\" data-href=\"http://canada.opendata500.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Open Data 150 Canada\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"b7a1\" id=\"b7a1\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*AkISE3Ak-uT3VMzYkK9KtQ.png\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"500\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*AkISE3Ak-uT3VMzYkK9KtQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"d589\" id=\"d589\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Ca href=\"http://italy.opendata500.com/\" data-href=\"http://italy.opendata500.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Open Data 200 Italy\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"bb22\" id=\"bb22\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*f5K7IVNxypIamdYhDydh9Q.png\" data-width=\"1432\" data-height=\"747\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*f5K7IVNxypIamdYhDydh9Q.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"5ff6\" id=\"5ff6\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure\">Additional Resources\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"92ab\" id=\"92ab\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Open Data Publications and Selected Readings\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"25dc\" id=\"25dc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/govlab-selected-readings-on-open-data/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/govlab-selected-readings-on-open-data/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab Selected Readings on Open Data\u003C/a>: An annotated and curated collection of recommended works on key opening governance topics.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3b29\" id=\"3b29\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-open-data-for-developing-economies/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-open-data-for-developing-economies/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab Selected Readings on Open Data for Developing Economies\u003C/a>: Current research and practice on the use of open data for development and its relationship to related interventions, like Open Development, Data for Development and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5ff2\" id=\"5ff2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://ogrx.org/categories/open-data.html\" data-href=\"http://ogrx.org/categories/open-data.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Data Publications on the Open Governance Research Exchange (OGRX)\u003C/a>: A platform to browse and share the latest research related to open governance, developed by the GovLab in partnership with MySociety and the World Bank Digital Evaluation Team.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"2d87\" id=\"2d87\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Open Data Tools, Training and Community\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"7d37\" id=\"7d37\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://odimpact.org/resources.html\" data-href=\"http://odimpact.org/resources.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Data’s Impact Resource Repository\u003C/a>: This collection of resources includes working definitions of open data, links to relevant glossaries that explain terminology, additional repositories of open data case studies, and more information on institutions and research networks that study open data.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b994\" id=\"b994\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/govlab-index-on-open-data-2016-edition/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/govlab-index-on-open-data-2016-edition/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The GovLab Index on Open Data\u003C/a>: A collection of statistics that demonstrate who uses open data, how it is used, its value to society, and the type of data that has been opened.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a865\" id=\"a865\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://sppd.thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://sppd.thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Solving public problems with Data\u003C/a>: A series of online lectures providing an introduction to data science and data analytical thinking in the public interest.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"51a6\" id=\"51a6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://discuss.networkofinnovators.org/c/open-data\" data-href=\"https://discuss.networkofinnovators.org/c/open-data\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Network of Innovators Open Data Discus Forum\u003C/a> (NOI): A platform aimed at helping innovators inside and outside of government better sharing knowledge on new ways of governing.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"ff47\" id=\"ff47\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">Finally, check out also our work on \u003Ca href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/\" data-href=\"http://datacollaboratives.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Data Collaboratives: New Public Private Partnerships for a Data Age\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/open-data-resources-from-the-govlab",{"title":3553,"description":3556},"open-data-resources-from-the-govlab","blogposts/open-data-resources-from-the-govlab","Wf5SuOqD1cqPuseUW_NYQ4gQGwViBjt2bqizK6ILQOQ",{"id":3566,"title":3567,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3568,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3569,"description":3570,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3567,"image":3571,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3572,"meta":3573,"navigation":15,"path":3574,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3575,"slug":3576,"startTime":34,"stem":3577,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3578},"blogposts/blogposts/how-mobile-crowdsourcing-can-improve-occupational-safety.json","How Mobile Crowdsourcing Can Improve Occupational Safety",[],"2017-01-17T17:12:46","Mobile technology could help prevent serious injuries and save lives by allowing us to spot unsafe conditions in real-time","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*EM75lC70uf8ET8cU-WzTQA.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"a25c\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"4efa\" id=\"4efa\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">How Mobile Crowdsourcing Can Improve Occupational Safety\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"bfda\" id=\"bfda\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">With \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/iif/oshcfoi1.htm\" data-href=\"https://www.bls.gov/iif/oshcfoi1.htm\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">150 workers dying each day\u003C/a> from hazardous working conditions, work safety continues to be a serious problem in the U.S. Using mobile technology to collect information about workplace safety conditions from those on the ground could help prevent serious injuries and save lives by accelerating the ability to spot unsafe conditions. The convergence of wireless devices, low-cost sensors, big data, and crowdsourcing can transform the way we assess risk in our workplaces.Government agencies, labor unions, workers’ rights organizations, contractors and crowdsourcing technology providers should work together to create new tools and frameworks in a way that can improve safety and provide value to all stakeholders.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"625b\" id=\"625b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Crowdsourcing (the act of soliciting help from a distributed audience) can provide a real-time source of data to complement data collected by government agencies as part of the regulatory processes of monitoring workplace safety. Having access to this data could help government agencies to more effectively monitor safety-related legal compliance, help building owners, construction companies and procurement entities to more easily identify “responsible contractors and subcontractors,” and aid workers and unions in making more informed choices and becoming better advocates for their own protection. Just as the FitBit and Nike Wristband provide individuals with a real-time reflection of their habits designed to create the incentive for healthier living, crowdsourcing safety data has the potential to provide employers and employees alike with a more accurate picture of conditions and accelerate the time needed to take action.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"2e95\" id=\"2e95\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">We Don’t Know Who Is at Risk and Where\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"b284\" id=\"b284\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">By the time you finish reading this, one person will likely have died from dangerous working conditions somewhere in America. The extent of the problem is alarming:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"e095\" id=\"e095\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">In 2014, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/iif/oshcfoi1.htm\" data-href=\"https://www.bls.gov/iif/oshcfoi1.htm\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">4,821 working people were killed on the job\u003C/a> — a rise of 2% versus the previous year — and approximately 50,000 died from occupational diseases.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7c0f\" id=\"7c0f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The true toll of hazardous workplaces is likely to be much greater than what is being reported. “OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) believes that many severe injuries — perhaps 50% or more — are \u003Ca href=\"https://www.osha.gov/injuryreport/2015.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.osha.gov/injuryreport/2015.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">not being reported\u003C/a>.”\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"c1c1\" id=\"c1c1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">Why haven’t we been able to make significant progress towards making our workplaces safer?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"baf6\" id=\"baf6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For one, federal enforcement agencies simply do not, and will never, have enough resources to inspect every site. Secondly, penalties for workplace safety violations are still far from being detrimental for many companies to take matters more seriously. In construction, a notoriously dangerous industry, incentives are often given for early completion of projects, whereas failing to meet project deadlines can result in penalties. Budgetary pressure, especially for publicly-funded construction, \u003Ca href=\"http://www.lhsfna.org/index.cfm/lifelines/december-2012/many-safety-problems-rooted-in-structure-of-construction-industry/\" data-href=\"http://www.lhsfna.org/index.cfm/lifelines/december-2012/many-safety-problems-rooted-in-structure-of-construction-industry/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">encourages the use of low-bid contracting\u003C/a>, often resulting in substandard work and loss of life and limb. Furthermore, the changing nature of the workplace, with more workers being employed through subcontractors adds to the enforcement problem by making the chain of control and management \u003Ca href=\"http://www.aflcio.org/content/download/154671/3868441/DOTJ2015Finalnobug.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.aflcio.org/content/download/154671/3868441/DOTJ2015Finalnobug.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">harder to trace\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2f36\" id=\"2f36\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Most importantly, however, \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">we have no real-time information about the safety conditions on worksites\u003C/strong>. Under a \u003Ca href=\"https://www.osha.gov/recordkeeping/finalrule/\" data-href=\"https://www.osha.gov/recordkeeping/finalrule/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">new rule\u003C/a> that is expected to go in effect in July 2017, OSHA will expand the reporting obligations for certain high-risk companies by requiring electronic reporting of many types of work-related injuries and illnesses within 24 hours. However, many small and mid-size employers will be exempt from the rule, while underreporting will most likely continue to be an issue.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a54b\" id=\"a54b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Previous \u003Ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925753512001361\" data-href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925753512001361\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">studies\u003C/a> on indicators of workplace safety have found that while lagging measurements can provide data about incidents after the fact, the value of these metrics as future predictors for safety is questionable. As such, it is highly likely that the available regulatory data will continue to be insufficient to predict current and future safety risks of workplaces. In order to improve workplace safety (and bring better transparency into identifying who is a responsible employer and who isn’t) there is a need to document who is at risk and where, before rather than after the fact.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"77af\" id=\"77af\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Enter the Wisdom of Crowds\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"1c49\" id=\"1c49\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Tapping into the “wisdom of crowds,” where the “crowds” are the workers themselves who are on site can be an efficient way to fill this critical knowledge gap. Crowdsourcing can provide a more robust understanding of the worksite safety risk associated with a particular company by augmenting readily available historical data which by itself is inadequate to measure risk.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c98d\" id=\"c98d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Such knowledge discovery approaches are already being used in other domains. Ushahidi, for instance, asks the crowd to find and report instances of urban disrepair or ethnic violence, which governments then use to allocate city resources or deploy peacekeepers. Another example is PulsePoint, an app that alerts nearby CPR-trained first responders to come to the rescue for faster emergency response.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3cbf\" id=\"3cbf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Similar approaches are starting to emerge in the field of occupational safety. One example is SeeClickFix, where the crowd is asked to report instances of urban disrepair which governments can then use to allocate city resources. In collaboration with Workers Lab, the company recently developed \u003Ca href=\"https://gov.seeclickfix.com/2016/08/24/official-workerreport-ready-download-seattle-oakland-santa-clara-county/\" data-href=\"https://gov.seeclickfix.com/2016/08/24/official-workerreport-ready-download-seattle-oakland-santa-clara-county/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Worker Report app\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>to test “whether workers across an array of industries would use technology to report wage theft and health and safety violations to local workers’ rights groups”.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b51f\" id=\"b51f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Mobile, and more specifically SMS in particular, is key in capturing audiences in the right context and a growing population of workers now have smart phones. Even though many worksites incorporate a no-mobile policy while at work, it is still the right medium to engage workers when they notice a threat to their safety. Mobile would allow for easy, instant reporting at the worker’s convenience through a communication medium that s/he already uses; therefore removing potential entry barriers.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"983c\" id=\"983c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Here is how such a mobile-based early warning system could work:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1085\" id=\"1085\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In order to submit a safety report, a worker would send a text to a number (or messenger account for those with a smartphone), which would trigger a series of simple, yes/no type safety questions. The questions would evaluate not only safety behavior and attitudes, but also safety conditions to be able to form an accurate assessment of the situation.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"b2b1\" id=\"b2b1\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*EM75lC70uf8ET8cU-WzTQA.png\" data-width=\"1882\" data-height=\"932\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*EM75lC70uf8ET8cU-WzTQA.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"d0d5\" id=\"d0d5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">A \u003Ca href=\"https://govlab.github.io/orgpedia-prototype/\" data-href=\"https://govlab.github.io/orgpedia-prototype/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">website\u003C/a> would show safety profiles of companies, including an aggregated safety score and the historical trend, based on reports collected for that company’s worksites. The real-time reports could be combined with government-collected data to offer a more robust picture.The company page would reveal key facts about the company, a company safety score that would average that company’s all site safety score(s), as well as the safety trend over time.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"8e9d\" id=\"8e9d\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*GIj9Z4_A3PvHKc_GjdJmiQ.png\" data-width=\"2508\" data-height=\"1142\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*GIj9Z4_A3PvHKc_GjdJmiQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"ed7c\" id=\"ed7c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Users would be able to subscribe to alerts to receive notice when a new report is posted for that company. This way, contractors would be able to track their companies and have a chance to investigate when a safety report has been submitted.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"0875\" id=\"0875\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Designing for Crowdsourcing Work Safety Conditions\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"93ee\" id=\"93ee\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Done right, crowdsourcing an early-warning workplace safety system is beneficial to all key stakeholders in the system:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"b2ef\" id=\"b2ef\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">For workers, it provides a way to report on both safe and unsafe conditions and increase the likelihood that action will be taken sooner when something is unsafe.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3941\" id=\"3941\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Unions and advocates can find out which companies and contractors pose a threat to worker safety \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">before\u003C/em> an accident happens.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6267\" id=\"6267\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Employers can learn how they compare to competition on safety and health and discover opportunities to improve safety and health, satisfaction, and productivity across their operations.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ac60\" id=\"ac60\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">For responsible employers, the positive scores associated with their brand can provide a competitive advantage in the search for contracting and subcontracting opportunities.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b622\" id=\"b622\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Crowdsourced data can enable efficiency for federal and state enforcement agencies, guiding them to allocate inspectors in a smarter, targeted way and potentially transforming enforcement.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"ec2f\" id=\"ec2f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">Given that many are reaping the benefits of crowdsourcing for various purposes today, why has there not been an effort to introduce crowdsourcing in the workplace to enhance safety? There is a perceived, albeit inaccurate, tension — one played up by those who have an incentive to drive costs down — between investing in safety and creating more jobs. There is also a valid concern that creating such a whistleblowing mechanism will unfairly harm good companies by providing too easy a way for disgruntled workers and others to complain. Ultimately, however, for a system like this to be effective it has to meet the needs of all key stakeholders. Human-centered design, namely using ethnographic research to understand the needs of workers, safety experts, workers’ comp insurers, unions, and occupational health and safety agencies, is key to designing a service that works in practice and will be used.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a7d7\" id=\"a7d7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Through a series of interviews, we have developed a set of principles which should inform the design of a mobile crowdsourcing prototype and a website to publish the data:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3d3d\" id=\"3d3d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">1. GO MOBILE:\u003C/strong> Among U.S. adult population, \u003Ca href=\"http://www.pewinternet.org/2015/10/29/technology-device-ownership-2015/\" data-href=\"http://www.pewinternet.org/2015/10/29/technology-device-ownership-2015/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">92% use mobile phones\u003C/a>, while 68% use smart phones. However, this doesn’t necessarily need to suggest apps, particularly when the reach is important. Convincing someone to download and use an app is difficult and costly. Instead, there is a need to test communication channels people already use, such as SMS and messaging apps\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7053\" id=\"7053\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">2. WIN-WIN-WIN\u003C/strong>: Challenging as it is, in order to maximize its impact, such a safety warning system would need to provide value to \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">all\u003C/em> key stakeholders in the system, including employers, by ensuring that crowdsourced information results in valuable outcomes rather than merely finger-pointing.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f5bc\" id=\"f5bc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">3. EMPLOYEES AS THE CROWD\u003C/strong>: Workers are not only the population most vulnerable to shortcomings in workplace safety practices, but are also in the best position to share information that their employers might be hesitant to share.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"80ae\" id=\"80ae\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">4. TEST THE INCENTIVES\u003C/strong>: One of the most critical questions imperative to the success of a crowdsourcing initiative is how to create and sustain the engagement of the crowd. Our initial qualitative field studies confirm what we know from the research literature (Huttenlocher, Brabham, Kittur et al.), namely that intrinsic incentives are more valuable than extrinsic ones to motivate participation. At the same time, running a pilot is instrumental in being able to empirically test the right prime(s) through A/B testing.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c149\" id=\"c149\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">5. PRIVACY BY DESIGN\u003C/strong>: Our focus groups with workers revealed that one of the biggest barriers to safety reporting is the fear of retaliation by the employer. To ensure engagement, it is absolutely critical to protect worker privacy (i.e., through data anonymization).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4873\" id=\"4873\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">6. POSITIVE FRAMING\u003C/strong>: While it is obviously important to identify which companies are at risk, it is equally, if not more, important to celebrate and prominently feature responsible employers in order to encourage positive competition.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7cd0\" id=\"7cd0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">7. PREVENT EXPLOITATION\u003C/strong>: In order to earn the buy-in and engagement from employers, three key factors must be reflected in the design: the presence of clearly communicated safeguards to prevent gaming the system; the ability to respond to the safety reports and take necessary action (closing the feedback loop); and the featuring and highlighting of responsible companies.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2958\" id=\"2958\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">8. STRONG INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT\u003C/strong>: Although a bottom-up information collection practice, a crowdsourcing process requires a strong institutional owner whose reputation can help to motivate participation. For instance, while they are most at risk, non-unionized workers are also the more difficult population to reach because of the lack of contact information, thus necessitating a heavy reliance on unionized workers. Therefore, the support of labor unions is integral for a successful scaling of a crowdsourcing mechanism that aims to engage unionized workers.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"99db\" id=\"99db\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">9. ASK THE RIGHT QUESTIONS\u003C/strong>: Since the questions would be asked via SMS and would go out to workers from different backgrounds, we established the following principles to guide the creation of the questionnaire:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"f6ad\" id=\"f6ad\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">No more than 10 questions, to maximize engagement;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e4ce\" id=\"e4ce\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Simple wording that prevents any misunderstanding;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"607c\" id=\"607c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">YES/NO type questions to make it easy to respond and encourage completion;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0303\" id=\"0303\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Mix of questions to assess both safety behavior and perceived conditions.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"63c0\" id=\"63c0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A/B testing to ensure best length and wording that maximizes response rate and quality\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"966f\" id=\"966f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">10. TEST AND ITERATE:\u003C/strong> Designing such a crowdsourcing framework has taught us that the challenge is not only determining the design and technology to be used, but also engaging all stakeholders. Running multiple pilot experiments with organizations is necessary to fine-tune the interaction and language that is used, as well as to demonstrate the value and impact of such a system to different stakeholders.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"bd3e\" id=\"bd3e\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Challenges\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"2ee6\" id=\"2ee6\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">Maximizing reach and engagement\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"5812\" id=\"5812\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Reaching a critical mass will be important to generate a steady flow of data for a meaningful number of sites. This requires effort from worker organizations and/or regulatory agencies to promote the service and build awareness. In this context, reaching the most vulnerable population, non-union workforce, is a difficult task.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"466a\" id=\"466a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Another challenge with maximizing engagement has to do with closing the feedback loop. Who does what with the data and who would be responsible for acting on the reports is vitally important in the context of workplace safety. Someone must take action on an incoming report and provide feedback to the initiator. Nothing will kill engagement faster than a report that does nothing other than generate data for some database.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"84b9\" id=\"84b9\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">Preventing Exploitation\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"168a\" id=\"168a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Another challenge is the need to have enough reports for a site to be able to validate the accuracy of the information, while having design mechanisms in place to prevent gaming the system. Contractors will need reassurance that they’re not being falsely accused by a disgruntled worker or even by a competitor who is trying to harm their reputation, both valid and understandable concerns. All this needs to be carefully taken into account while designing the system.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"dae0\" id=\"dae0\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Engaging Stakeholders\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"39dd\" id=\"39dd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">A final key challenge is the engagement of all necessary actors. Engaging public institutions in experimenting and embracing crowd technology tools and new frameworks is no easy task. Our experience working with labor unions has revealed that some unions are hesitant to experiment with new tools which they perceive to be a potential threat to their contractor relationships. Hence, the development of a successful crowdsourcing model would require close collaboration with unions to address such concerns and secure their engagement.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"b994\" id=\"b994\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Looking Ahead\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"2768\" id=\"2768\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">We believe that mobile crowdsourcing is the future of workplace safety and can imagine a future where every job site, not just construction, has a designated phone number that feeds a website where data about that workplace can be visualized and compared to that of other, comparable workplaces.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"91d2\" id=\"91d2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Enlisting the aid of workers in sharing site-specific safety information can augment readily available safety violation data and paint the most accurate picture of workplace safety. Through easy, safe, and anonymous reporting of safety conditions, we can empower workers to speak up without fear, while providing unions, government safety and health agencies, workers’ compensation insurers, and others with vital information on which contractors pose the greatest risks and where they are currently working. Public visibility of safety conditions across sites can be a stronger motivation than federal penalties for companies to improve safety.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5807\" id=\"5807\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">There is no reason why in the digital age we should be regulating companies based on year-old data when we can create real-time feedback mechanisms. It will not be easy to overcome the concerns people will have about whether reporting safety conditions might negatively impact their job security. With real time data, however, companies will have the raw material they need to spot and stop problems before they start, dramatically lowering their costs and staving off invasive inspections from regulators.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2700\" id=\"2700\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In order for this to happen certain conditions will need to be met:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0252\" id=\"0252\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">First, the stakeholders — regulatory agencies, worker rights organizations and contractor associations — need to work together to align on the objectives.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8c57\" id=\"8c57\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Second, they need to work with design partners to pilot and test different methodologies and platforms to develop a practical approach.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"71be\" id=\"71be\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Finally, unions and worker centers have a critical role to play in creating awareness about the opportunity and encouraging their workers to (anonymously) share information. Even though the most vulnerable populations are non-union, the large worker network and contractor relationships of unions put them in a unique position to test and learn what works best.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e2e2\" id=\"e2e2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">By asking workers to share the missing information on current safety conditions of worksites, and through connecting this information to the respective companies, mobile crowdsourcing has the potential to enhance corporate transparency, reduce risk and help save lives.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2927\" id=\"2927\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">co-authored by the GovLab’s \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://twitter.com/batusayici?lang=en\" data-href=\"https://twitter.com/batusayici?lang=en\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Batu Sayici\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> & \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@bethnoveck\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@bethnoveck\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Beth Simone Noveck\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/how-mobile-crowdsourcing-can-improve-occupational-safety",{"title":3567,"description":3570},"how-mobile-crowdsourcing-can-improve-occupational-safety","blogposts/how-mobile-crowdsourcing-can-improve-occupational-safety","hQoZ87-Gr0O-cQczYdjuYETg6aTs92bAzr2BJpaINAo",{"id":3580,"title":3581,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3582,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3583,"description":3584,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3581,"image":3585,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3586,"meta":3587,"navigation":15,"path":3588,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3589,"slug":3590,"startTime":34,"stem":3591,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3592},"blogposts/blogposts/powering-the-zika-response-with-open-collaboration.json","Powering the Zika Response with Open Collaboration",[],"2016-09-27T19:19:03","By Michelle Marshall, Social Protection and Health Division, Inter-American Development Bank","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*SuluqW5ykFkk4alu.","\n\u003Csection name=\"8357\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"98b2\" id=\"98b2\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Powering the Zika Response with Open Collaboration\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"2ab8\" id=\"2ab8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">By \u003Ca href=\"http://blogs.iadb.org/abierto-al-publico/author/mmarshall/\" data-href=\"http://blogs.iadb.org/abierto-al-publico/author/mmarshall/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Michelle Marshall\u003C/a>, Social Protection and Health Division, Inter-American Development Bank\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"586b\" id=\"586b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The lack of \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">information sharing\u003C/strong> has posed big challenges to the international medical and emergency response community in the recent past. \u003Ca href=\"http://harvardkennedyschoolreview.com/how-can-the-communication-lessons-learned-from-ebola-be-applied-to-zika/\" data-href=\"http://harvardkennedyschoolreview.com/how-can-the-communication-lessons-learned-from-ebola-be-applied-to-zika/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The criticisms raised during the Ebola crisis serve to illustrate this point\u003C/a>. To address these “deficiencies with existing data-sharing mechanisms,” the World Health Organization (WHO) published \u003Ca href=\"http://www.who.int/bulletin/online_first/16-170860/en/\" data-href=\"http://www.who.int/bulletin/online_first/16-170860/en/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a call to researchers\u003C/a> in September 2015 emphasizing the urgency for \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">data sharing\u003C/strong> in the context of the Zika virus epidemic in the Americas.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7b99\" id=\"7b99\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Following the WHO call, an array of global medical development and research institutions publically stated their support and commitment to the movement. Currently, more than 30 like-minded \u003Ca href=\"https://blog.wellcome.ac.uk/2016/02/10/sharing-data-during-zika-and-other-global-health-emergencies/\" data-href=\"https://blog.wellcome.ac.uk/2016/02/10/sharing-data-during-zika-and-other-global-health-emergencies/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">organizations\u003C/a> have ratified the WHO’s \u003Ca href=\"http://www.who.int/medicines/ebola-treatment/blueprint_phe_data-share-results/en/\" data-href=\"http://www.who.int/medicines/ebola-treatment/blueprint_phe_data-share-results/en/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Consensus Statement\u003C/a> on \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">data sharing.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"70f9\" id=\"70f9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">With this collaborative spirit in mind, here are \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">five initiatives\u003C/strong> using \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">open knowledge\u003C/strong> to power the multilateral and multi-sector response to the Zika crisis and other mosquito-borne diseases. These initiatives are supporting the efforts of those in charge of creating public policies and providing emergency response to the Zika virus by allowing them to make better informed decisions.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"2b20\" id=\"2b20\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">1. IDB and the Governance Lab: \u003Ca href=\"http://zika.smartercrowdsourcing.org/\" data-href=\"http://zika.smartercrowdsourcing.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--h3-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zika SmarterCrowdsourcing\u003C/a>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"65b6\" id=\"65b6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Acting in the spirit of the movement, the \u003Ca href=\"http://blogs.iadb.org/salud/2016/08/22/zika-3/\" data-href=\"http://blogs.iadb.org/salud/2016/08/22/zika-3/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Division of Social Protection and Health\u003C/a> of the Inter-American Development Bank is collaborating with \u003Ca href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.thegovlab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the Governance Lab \u003C/a>(GovLab) at \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nyu.edu/\" data-href=\"https://www.nyu.edu/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">New York University (NYU) \u003C/a>and government partners from Argentina, Colombia, Panama and local government from Rio de Janeiro in Brazil to facilitate a conference series using “\u003Ca href=\"http://zika.smartercrowdsourcing.org/\" data-href=\"http://zika.smartercrowdsourcing.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Smarter Crowdsourcing\u003C/a>“. This is based in a methodology using \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">online open calls\u003C/strong> to invite experts to share their knowledge with the collaborating government agencies in the region responding to a curated set of problem questions.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"9ec0\" id=\"9ec0\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*SuluqW5ykFkk4alu.\" data-width=\"935\" data-height=\"549\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*SuluqW5ykFkk4alu.\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Panel of experts participating in the first Zika SmarterCrowdsourcing conference on August 31. (Screenshot by GovernanceLab)\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"5bba\" id=\"5bba\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The GovLab describes this initiative as a low-cost yet effective way “to mobilize and curate diverse and distributed expertise — both credentialed know-how and experiential wisdom by leveraging the power of the Internet.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"acec\" id=\"acec\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Zika Smarter Crowdsourcing series is \u003Ca href=\"http://zika.smartercrowdsourcing.org/call-for-participants.html\" data-href=\"http://zika.smartercrowdsourcing.org/call-for-participants.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">looking for specialists across sectors\u003C/a> in order to promote a \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">collaborative\u003C/strong> and \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">sustainable response to the Zika crisis.\u003C/strong> Participants will have the opportunity to be part of the brainstorming process and share their strategy with public officials. Later on, this ideas could be translated into public policies.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"667a\" id=\"667a\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">2. World Health Organization: \u003Ca href=\"http://www.who.int/bulletin/online_first/zika_open/en/\" data-href=\"http://www.who.int/bulletin/online_first/zika_open/en/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--h3-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zika Open\u003C/a>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"b189\" id=\"b189\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Zika Open is a space within the World Health Organization’s (WHO) peer-reviewed journal,\u003Ca href=\"http://www.who.int/bulletin/en/\" data-href=\"http://www.who.int/bulletin/en/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Bulletin of the World Health Organization\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, where experts can \u003Ca href=\"http://www.who.int/bulletin/online_first/16-170860/en/\" data-href=\"http://www.who.int/bulletin/online_first/16-170860/en/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">freely share their data \u003C/a>“while meeting their need to retain authorship, achieve precedence, and put their research on public record.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e057\" id=\"e057\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To date, the Zika Open initiative has resulted in \u003Ca href=\"http://www.who.int/bulletin/online_first/zika_open/en/\" data-href=\"http://www.who.int/bulletin/online_first/zika_open/en/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">22 research documents\u003C/a> \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">openly shared \u003C/strong>on the portal as part of the \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Zika response effort.\u003C/strong> This information, which otherwise would have been kept under wraps while awaiting publication or limited by license, includes studies on the\u003Ca href=\"http://www.who.int/bulletin/online_first/16-178426.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.who.int/bulletin/online_first/16-178426.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">impact of Zika virus in pregnancy\u003C/a>; the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.who.int/bulletin/online_first/16-178608.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.who.int/bulletin/online_first/16-178608.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">risk of microcephaly after having been infected by Zika virus\u003C/a>; \u003Ca href=\"http://www.who.int/bulletin/online_first/16-182592.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.who.int/bulletin/online_first/16-182592.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">review of protective measures for preventing Zika virus infection among pregnant women\u003C/a>, among other studies.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"e516\" id=\"e516\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">3. Google and UNICEF: \u003Ca href=\"https://googleblog.blogspot.com/2016/03/providing-support-to-combat-zika-in.html\" data-href=\"https://googleblog.blogspot.com/2016/03/providing-support-to-combat-zika-in.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--h3-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Source Data Platform\u003C/a>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"b448\" id=\"b448\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">The top search engine in the world is often responsible for directing the first lines of information into the hands of citizens, especially when it comes to \u003Ca href=\"https://search.googleblog.com/2015/09/now-google-can-help-with-updated-health.html\" data-href=\"https://search.googleblog.com/2015/09/now-google-can-help-with-updated-health.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">answering questions\u003C/a> about personal health. In order to improve the response to people’s emergency-related searches, Google and UNICEF are working to develop an open source dashboard to \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">analyze\u003C/strong> large quantities of data as well as to \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">visualize\u003C/strong> and \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">predict\u003C/strong> potential outbreaks. The dashboard will process wide swaths of data from multiple sources, including Zika \u003Ca href=\"https://www.google.com/trends/explore?q=zika\" data-href=\"https://www.google.com/trends/explore?q=zika\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">search data\u003C/a> already available.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"dbb1\" id=\"dbb1\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">4. GitHub + BuzzFeed: \u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/BuzzFeedNews/zika-data#additional-resources\" data-href=\"https://github.com/BuzzFeedNews/zika-data#additional-resources\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--h3-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">zika-data\u003C/a>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"98a3\" id=\"98a3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Open-source datasets related to Zika are reportedly difficult to find. Buzzfeed data journalist Jeremy Singer-Vine took it upon himself to set up this open repository on GitHub, bringing together the most relevant datasets from various and disparate international organizations in one comprehensive list organized by global data and country-specific data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8927\" id=\"8927\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Members of the GitHub community are welcome to suggest and add datasets as they are found and vetted. The public “\u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/BuzzFeedNews/zika-data/commits/master\" data-href=\"https://github.com/BuzzFeedNews/zika-data/commits/master\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">commit\u003C/a>” history provides a transparent record of what’s been added or changed within the associated sets.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"5c2a\" id=\"5c2a\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">5. Pan American Health Organization:\u003Ca href=\"http://www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11647&Itemid=41727&lang=en\" data-href=\"http://www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11647&Itemid=41727&lang=en\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--h3-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Resource Mobilization Visualization\u003C/a>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"c4b3\" id=\"c4b3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Looking to maximize the resources dedicated to the Zika virus, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) developed the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&Itemid=270&gid=33130&lang=es\" data-href=\"http://www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&Itemid=270&gid=33130&lang=es\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Strategy for Enhancing National Capacity to Respond to Zika virus Epidemic in the Americas\u003C/a>. The initiative aims to close the knowledge gap between those who are prepared to give and those who are in need. Often, this gap prevents an effective distribution of vital resources.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7e36\" id=\"7e36\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Strategy document openly details a full spectrum of anticipated epidemic response activities and helped develop the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11647&Itemid=41727&lang=en\" data-href=\"http://www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11647&Itemid=41727&lang=en\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Resource Mobilization Visualization\u003C/a>. Using this public visualization, responders at any level can see total budgets available by donor or by activity to conceptualize available funding. They can also identify and respond directly to a topic area that is comparatively underserved in a particular phase.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cc67\" id=\"cc67\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">These five projects and others like them are demonstrating the exponential power of \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">open knowledge\u003C/strong> in the regional Zika response while testing and strengthening\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> collaborative methodologies\u003C/strong> that can be applied to many other global challenges related to health and other crisis areas.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"8da6\" id=\"8da6\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Highlights\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"0793\" id=\"0793\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">On September 28 the governments in the “Smarter Crowdsourcing” initiative will consult with an audience of experts in order to discuss topics of \u003Ca href=\"http://zika.smartercrowdsourcing.org/information-collectiondata-governance.html\" data-href=\"http://zika.smartercrowdsourcing.org/information-collectiondata-governance.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">data governance\u003C/strong>\u003C/a> related to Zika. If you are a high-level professional with experience related to the design, strategy, and implementation of protocols and mechanisms for data collection and/or data sharing, \u003Ca href=\"http://zika.smartercrowdsourcing.org/call-for-participants.html\" data-href=\"http://zika.smartercrowdsourcing.org/call-for-participants.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">please apply here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cdd3\" id=\"cdd3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Ca href=\"http://blogs.iadb.org/abierto-al-publico/2016/09/22/powering-the-zika-response-with-open-collaboration/\" data-href=\"http://blogs.iadb.org/abierto-al-publico/2016/09/22/powering-the-zika-response-with-open-collaboration/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">This post was originally published in the Blog “Abierto al Público” of the Inter-American Development Bank.\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/powering-the-zika-response-with-open-collaboration",{"title":3581,"description":3584},"powering-the-zika-response-with-open-collaboration","blogposts/powering-the-zika-response-with-open-collaboration","Ac_uvYn-DzlmQyRtyPXsUUNs_A1oX1S03stRHGvKx00",{"id":3594,"title":3595,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3596,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3597,"description":3598,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3595,"image":34,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3599,"meta":3600,"navigation":15,"path":3601,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3602,"slug":3603,"startTime":34,"stem":3604,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3605},"blogposts/blogposts/fighting-zika-the-need-for-sustained-but-flexible-messaging.json","Fighting Zika: The Need for Sustained But Flexible Messaging",[],"2016-09-23T17:34:39","By Carlos Scartascini","\n\u003Csection name=\"bc0e\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"b638\" id=\"b638\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Fighting Zika: The Need for Sustained But Flexible Messaging\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"23fc\" id=\"23fc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">By \u003Ca href=\"http://blogs.iadb.org/ideasmatter/author/carlossc/\" data-href=\"http://blogs.iadb.org/ideasmatter/author/carlossc/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Carlos Scartascini\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b7a5\" id=\"b7a5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Over the last year, newspapers and television stations in the Americas have reported hundreds of stories about the Zika epidemic. The media is flooded with news accounts of people suffering from temporary paralysis, infants with brain damage, and the fears the virus has unleashed, especially among pregnant women.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c52d\" id=\"c52d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Yet despite these accounts — and thousands of warnings by governments, scientific organizations, and NGOs–large swathes of the population still fail to take the mosquito-borne disease seriously. By now Zika has swept through 45 countries. There have been more than 1 million suspected cases in Brazil alone and some\u003Ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/08/03/health/zika-brazil-microcephaly-babies-brains-gupta/\" data-href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/08/03/health/zika-brazil-microcephaly-babies-brains-gupta/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> 1700 incidents\u003C/a>there of Zika-linked fetal brain damage. Latin America and the Caribbean, the epicenter for the disease, could suffer Zika-related losses this year of around US$3.5 billion, including forfeited tourism and productivity, according to World Bank \u003Ca href=\"http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/410321455758564708/The-short-term-economic-costs-of-Zika-in-LCR-final-doc-autores-feb-18.pdf\" data-href=\"http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/410321455758564708/The-short-term-economic-costs-of-Zika-in-LCR-final-doc-autores-feb-18.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">estimates\u003C/a>. Puerto Rico has been \u003Ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/31/health/zika-virus-puerto-rico.html\" data-href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/31/health/zika-virus-puerto-rico.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">devastated\u003C/a>. Still, many people in these areas feel that Zika poses no risk to them personally or that combatting the disease is out of their hands, posing a major challenge in a crisis in which individual prevention provides the best weapon.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f30c\" id=\"f30c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">I recently participated in an online \u003Ca href=\"http://zika.smartercrowdsourcing.org/\" data-href=\"http://zika.smartercrowdsourcing.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">conference\u003C/a> sponsored by \u003Ca href=\"http://www.iadb.org/en/news/news-releases/2016-02-25/fight-against-zika,11407.html\" data-href=\"http://www.iadb.org/en/news/news-releases/2016-02-25/fight-against-zika,11407.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the IDB\u003C/a> and the \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/enhancing-how-governments-assess-awareness-of-zika/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/enhancing-how-governments-assess-awareness-of-zika/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Governance Lab\u003C/a> at New York University, aimed at overcoming these barriers and spurring people to action. Together the two organizations are hosting a series of online conferences between August and October of this year in partnership with the governments of Argentina, Panama, Colombia and the city of Rio de Janeiro. The idea is to bring experts together from around the world to find ways to communicate risks more effectively in fighting the disease.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fdb5\" id=\"fdb5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Part of the problem, many experts agree, lies in changing the perception of risk. People tend to fear an illness if a family member, friend or the friend of a friend has been afflicted. They also may pay attention if a famous personality, like Barak Obama or Salma Hayek, succumbs. Otherwise, warnings can seem like an abstraction. One minute people hear there have been thousands of new cases of Zika over the last month in Brazil. The next minute they hear there were no cases of Zika at the Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. What is a person to believe? The challenge of making the public understand that an epidemic is close-at-hand, virulent and unyielding, while not overstating the risks, is enormous. Authorities must shake people from their apathy. But they also have to prevent them from panicking, so they don’t overuse insecticides or repellents, resign themselves to the inevitability of infection, or fail to take an epidemic seriously the next time it strikes.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8118\" id=\"8118\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Another challenge is getting people to realize that their action, or failure to act, affects them not only as individuals, but society as a whole. This is particularly important when it comes to Zika and other diseases, like dengue and chikungunya, which are spread by the \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Aedes aegypti\u003C/em> species of mosquito. There is no vaccine for these diseases. Moreover, mosquito nets don’t help: the mosquitos bite in the day, not at night. That means people can best protect themselves by also protecting those around them: by eliminating things that collect the standing water where \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Aedes aegypti\u003C/em> breeds, like old tires, garbage cans, plastic bags, flower pots and soda cans, and by participating in pesticide-spraying efforts.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"96c4\" id=\"96c4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Fashioning forceful and precisely targeted messages to get people to do so is crucial. One approach is through personal visits by authorities. These, as seen in an \u003Ca href=\"https://publications.iadb.org/handle/11319/7284?locale-attribute=en\" data-href=\"https://publications.iadb.org/handle/11319/7284?locale-attribute=en\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">IDB study\u003C/a> of efforts against tax evasion in Colombia, can be highly effective. Community Health Agents in Brazil, for example, have been going house to house to inform rich and poor residents alike about measures to fight\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Aedes aegypti\u003C/em>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cd6e\" id=\"cd6e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Other kinds of messaging work best by focusing on particular sub-sectors of the population. Radio and television can \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ko2hAnGHc5DjihNFfXjDbXPLA3x--shod0auwj6ZGTI/edit\" data-href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ko2hAnGHc5DjihNFfXjDbXPLA3x--shod0auwj6ZGTI/edit\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">engage\u003C/a> older persons or less educated ones. Social media hones in better on younger people or NGOs. And in Virginia, one young mosquito biologist even wrote and produced a\u003Ca href=\"http://patch.com/virginia/mclean/video-zika-rap-song-created-fairfax-county-biologist\" data-href=\"http://patch.com/virginia/mclean/video-zika-rap-song-created-fairfax-county-biologist\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">hip-hop video\u003C/a>, in which he can be seen online in a backwards baseball cap, rapping about the use of repellent and the emptying of water containers. “Don’t get sick with Zika from the bite of a mosquit-a,” he repeats.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3c54\" id=\"3c54\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Whatever the approach of a given time and place, the key is ensuring that anti-Zika campaigns are sustained and mold to changing circumstances. That means not relaxing communication efforts during seasons when the mosquito is less active. And it means modifying them as good and bad news about the disease filters through and people’s perceptions of risk shifts. Just as private advertisers tailor their ads to fit new fashion trends and politicians reshape their political ads to suit the mood of the political season, authorities and their private partners in the fight against mosquito-borne diseases must always be ready to monitor beliefs and perceptions and revise the information, the message and the form of communication accordingly.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"11a4\" id=\"11a4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The struggle will be long. A genetically-modified version of \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Aedes aegypti\u003C/em> with a lethal gene is currently being bred in captivity. It is being released into neighborhoods with the hope that it will kill off its own offspring and dramatically bring down the mosquito’s population. Researchers also are working on ways to infect the insect with a bacterium that would stop virus transmission. But these and other high-tech solutions are still years away from being widely applied. For now, the best solutions are elemental ones of trash and water disposal, repellent and targeted insecticide use, and permanent vigilance. In that battle, effective — and flexible — messaging, along with continuous monitoring to see what works and what doesn’t are the best remedies.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"80b6\" id=\"80b6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Ca href=\"http://blogs.iadb.org/ideasmatter/2016/09/22/fighting-zika-the-need-for-sustained-but-flexible-messaging/\" data-href=\"http://blogs.iadb.org/ideasmatter/2016/09/22/fighting-zika-the-need-for-sustained-but-flexible-messaging/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">This post was originally published in the Ideas Matter Blog of the Research Department of the Inter-American Development Bank.\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/fighting-zika-the-need-for-sustained-but-flexible-messaging",{"title":3595,"description":3598},"fighting-zika-the-need-for-sustained-but-flexible-messaging","blogposts/fighting-zika-the-need-for-sustained-but-flexible-messaging","etZtolyawMEzkHugBXbi4unp694eAYFqom3wxeiuWgo",{"id":3607,"title":3608,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3609,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3610,"description":3611,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3608,"image":3612,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3613,"meta":3614,"navigation":15,"path":3615,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3616,"slug":3617,"startTime":34,"stem":3618,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3619},"blogposts/blogposts/training-the-next-generation-of-public-leaders-and-problem-solvers.json","Training the Next Generation of Public Leaders and Problem Solvers",[],"2016-03-30T12:33:07","By Beth Simone Noveck and Dinorah Cantú-Pedraza","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/2560/1*J4tFcGpg6oWOu28jbWSLYg.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"2562\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--fullWidth\">\u003Cfigure name=\"2c4b\" id=\"2c4b\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--layoutFillWidth graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*J4tFcGpg6oWOu28jbWSLYg.jpeg\" data-width=\"1366\" data-height=\"768\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/2560/1*J4tFcGpg6oWOu28jbWSLYg.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"06c6\" id=\"06c6\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">Training the Next Generation of Public Leaders and Problem Solvers\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"08fe\" id=\"08fe\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">By \u003Ca href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/faculty-members.html#beth-simone-noveck\" data-href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/faculty-members.html#beth-simone-noveck\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Beth Simone Noveck\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/faculty-members.html#dinorah-cantu\" data-href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/faculty-members.html#dinorah-cantu\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Dinorah Cantú-Pedraza\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fa3f\" id=\"fa3f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--hasDropCapModel graf--hasDropCap graf-after--p\">\u003Cspan class=\"graf-dropCap\">O\u003C/span>ver the last three years, in a series of Masters-level courses and online (and offline) workshops and coaching programs funded by the \u003Ca href=\"http://knightfoundation.org\" data-href=\"http://knightfoundation.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">John S. and James L. Knight Foundation\u003C/a>, The \u003Ca href=\"http://govlab.org\" data-href=\"http://govlab.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">GovLab\u003C/a> and its network of \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">25 world-class coaches\u003C/strong> and \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">over 100 mentors\u003C/strong> helped \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">446 participants \u003C/strong>in more than a \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">dozen US cities\u003C/strong> and \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">thirty countries\u003C/strong> to take a public interest technology project from idea to implementation. In the process, we’ve learned a lot about the need for new ways of training the next generation of leaders and problem solvers.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"8630\" id=\"8630\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*1RQowxpN6ALf0Onr71RDmw.png\" data-width=\"792\" data-height=\"473\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*1RQowxpN6ALf0Onr71RDmw.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Our participants come from more than 30 different countries\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"f861\" id=\"f861\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Our aim has been to aid \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">public entrepreneurs \u003C/strong>— passionate and innovative people who wish to take advantage of new technology to do good in the world. That’s why we measure success, not by the number of participants in a class, but by the projects participants create and the impact those projects have on communities.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e730\" id=\"e730\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Hence after fifteen years of doing face-to-face project based clinical learning with professional and student public entrepreneurs in engineering, law, communications and policy schools, we launched the \u003Ca href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/\" data-href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">GovLab Academy\u003C/a> — an online “university” — to help more people cross the chasm from passionate idea to practical reality.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f210\" id=\"f210\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/project-gallery.html\" data-href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/project-gallery.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">See the projects\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> our alumni are working on:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"7220\" id=\"7220\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*roFcYs_nCaP2KjkUDMNzsA.png\" data-width=\"772\" data-height=\"516\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*roFcYs_nCaP2KjkUDMNzsA.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">See all: \u003Ca href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/project-gallery.html\" data-href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/project-gallery.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://govlabacademy.org/project-gallery.html\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"817a\" id=\"817a\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure\">What We Are Learning\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"a8ef\" id=\"a8ef\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3\">Lesson 1: There is growing, and unmet, demand for training a new kind of public servant: the public entrepreneur.\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"755d\" id=\"755d\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*eN8R51hEiQ43YPIiZtQxiQ.png\" data-width=\"780\" data-height=\"480\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*eN8R51hEiQ43YPIiZtQxiQ.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">The GovLab Academy, \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlabacademy.org\" data-href=\"http://thegovlabacademy.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://thegovlabacademy.org\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cfigure name=\"b0c8\" id=\"b0c8\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--figure\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*2KLqympNRQj_wP_HPTIsWg.png\" data-width=\"783\" data-height=\"426\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*2KLqympNRQj_wP_HPTIsWg.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Academy Coaching Programs, \u003Ca href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/coaching-programs.html\" data-href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/coaching-programs.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http://govlabacademy.org/coaching-programs.html\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"965f\" id=\"965f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In response to the diverse demand from public officials, social entrepreneurs and students underserved by traditional professional school education, the GovLab evolved the Academy from a typical MOOC platform for delivering bundled and unbundled content about governance innovations, such as crowdsourcing and open data, into a hands-on program for training and coaching focused on helping those working in the public interest take a project from idea to implementation. Thanks to support from the \u003Ca href=\"http://knightfoundation.org/grants/20122265/\" data-href=\"http://knightfoundation.org/grants/20122265/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Knight Foundation\u003C/a>, we have been able to offer \u003Ca href=\"http://knightfoundation.org/press-room/press-mention/working-civic-tech-project-apply-govlabs-coaching-/\" data-href=\"http://knightfoundation.org/press-room/press-mention/working-civic-tech-project-apply-govlabs-coaching-/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">these coaching programs\u003C/a> at no cost to participants.\u003C/p>\u003Cblockquote name=\"63a6\" id=\"63a6\" class=\"graf graf--pullquote graf-after--p\">Deep questions remain about the ability for many areas of government and civil society to identify, cultivate and retain individuals with the necessary skills for success in a world increasingly driven by information technology. — \u003Ca href=\"https://www.macfound.org/media/files/A_Future_of_Failure_-_Public_.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.macfound.org/media/files/A_Future_of_Failure_-_Public_.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--pullquote-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NetGain\u003C/a>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Ch4 name=\"c87b\" id=\"c87b\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--pullquote\">Lesson 2: Tap the distributed supply of talent and expertise to accelerate learning.\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"42a2\" id=\"42a2\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Ca href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/about.html#team-cards\" data-href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/about.html#team-cards\" class=\"graf-imageAnchor\" data-action=\"image-link\" data-action-observe-only=\"true\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*oZWI8mSICTKjY0C8.\" data-width=\"652\" data-height=\"550\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*oZWI8mSICTKjY0C8.\">\u003C/a>\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Some of our \u003Ca href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/about.html#team-cards\" data-href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/about.html#team-cards\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Academy Faculty\u003C/a> and Mentors\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"0c61\" id=\"0c61\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Unlike a traditional university where participants are constrained by the limits of a single faculty, an online training program offers a platform for making \u003Ca href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/about.html#team-cards\" data-href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/about.html#team-cards\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">diverse know-how available across institutional boundaries\u003C/a>. We draw upon experts with deep skills and extensive networks to help would-be innovators, among them faculty from New York University, Harvard, Arizona State, Columbia, Stanford, USC and other universities (many of whom, like me, also replicated the curriculum with their brick and mortar students) as well as practitioners and those with extensive practice experience.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b4a1\" id=\"b4a1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Imagine being a social innovator in California or Caracas and learning first hand from \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/dr-samir-k-brahmachari-on-the-open-source-drug-discovery-project/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/dr-samir-k-brahmachari-on-the-open-source-drug-discovery-project/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Samir K. Brahmachari\u003C/a>, creator of the global tuberculosis Open Source Drug Discovery crowdsourcing project, or \u003Ca href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/faculty-members.html#francois-grey\" data-href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/faculty-members.html#francois-grey\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Francois Grey\u003C/a>, Coordinator of the Citizen Cyberscience Centre, Geneva and leader of the citizen science movement. Imagine being a government official in Quito or Dallas and getting help from \u003Ca href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/faculty-members.html\" data-href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/faculty-members.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Alan Kantrow\u003C/a>, former head of Knowledge Management at McKinsey.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1a39\" id=\"1a39\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">With ease, the Internet brings the mountain to Mohammed to enable people to learn from those with experience as well as credentials. By awarding our own certificates, we are able to bring together faculty from across many institutions who otherwise would not have been able to collaborate.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"b1f6\" id=\"b1f6\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Lesson 3: Create new methods for training public entrepreneurs to solve problems.\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"f70b\" id=\"f70b\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*DOhpqN0BSTT_MGov.\" data-width=\"960\" data-height=\"223\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*DOhpqN0BSTT_MGov.\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"8293\" id=\"8293\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">After much experimentation and measurement, we have come to focus on \u003Ca href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/coaching-programs.html#faqs\" data-href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/coaching-programs.html#faqs\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">an approach\u003C/a> to learning that includes:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"4829\" id=\"4829\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Rigorous up-front diagnosis of impediments to implementation that allow us to customize learning;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e107\" id=\"e107\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Emphasis on specific and evidence-based problem definition to ensure that the project solves a well-defined problem;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"afeb\" id=\"afeb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A combination of subject-matter and skills-based training to address both deficits in knowledge about innovation and in know-how about the means to apply that knowledge to one’s own project;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f828\" id=\"f828\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A heavy dose of peer-to-peer support where similarly situated public entrepreneurs counsel, support, and puzzle through challenges together;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"829d\" id=\"829d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Mentoring and coaching from those with a track record of leading successful social change;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5edd\" id=\"5edd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">High-quality original and curated content, including eight different pedagogical tools. Why have one size fits all syllabi when we can use both human curation and expert systems like the \u003Ca href=\"http://crowdsourcingadvisor.org\" data-href=\"http://crowdsourcingadvisor.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Crowdsourcing Design Advisor\u003C/a> to automate the process of giving people manageable materials customized to their needs?\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cfigure name=\"aba9\" id=\"aba9\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*oQOun2J2hjk39EkvCLUKYQ.jpeg\" data-width=\"1270\" data-height=\"580\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*oQOun2J2hjk39EkvCLUKYQ.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"5e3c\" id=\"5e3c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Over 90% of participants tell us — this works.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"8e0f\" id=\"8e0f\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Lesson 4: Develop tools to help public interest innovators “cross the chasm” from idea to implementation.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"6873\" id=\"6873\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">The \u003Ca href=\"http://www.nesta.org.uk/blog/tech4labs-issue-4-canvassing-value-proposition-your-public-lab-project\" data-href=\"http://www.nesta.org.uk/blog/tech4labs-issue-4-canvassing-value-proposition-your-public-lab-project\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Business Model Canvas\u003C/a> is a template to capture a business in a single and simple diagram. It is designed to help a startup plan how to cross the cash poor “valley of death” from concept to product launch. But when you are passionate about solving a \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">public problem, \u003C/em>there are also common deathtraps, including:\u003C/p>\u003Col class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"3968\" id=\"3968\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Defining the problem clearly enough to develop a solution that really works;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5fbc\" id=\"5fbc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Knowing how to navigate bureaucracies, legal regimes, and institutions to get things done;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3b5f\" id=\"3b5f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Developing compelling materials to persuade the naysayers — what we like to call the “no machines” — within those bureaucracies;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"98a3\" id=\"98a3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Identifying how to measure what works.\u003C/li>\u003C/ol>\u003Cfigure name=\"0589\" id=\"0589\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"http://canvas.govlabacademy.org/\" data-href=\"http://canvas.govlabacademy.org/\" class=\"graf-imageAnchor\" data-action=\"image-link\" data-action-observe-only=\"true\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*NeX4FT1snAXh4RZnWr7Tdg.png\" data-width=\"788\" data-height=\"478\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*NeX4FT1snAXh4RZnWr7Tdg.png\">\u003C/a>\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">The GovLab Public Projects Canvas\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"baa4\" id=\"baa4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Based on our experience teaching civic innovators, the GovLab developed the \u003Ca href=\"http://canvas.govlabacademy.org/\" data-href=\"http://canvas.govlabacademy.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Public Projects Canvas\u003C/a>, an interactive worksheet to help those working on civic projects for the common good become more impactful. It is the tool participants find the most helpful. The Canvas is available in multiple languages and is shareable, editable and commentable by team members, peers, coaches and mentors.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"e5d1\" id=\"e5d1\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Lesson 5: Teach collaboration and partnering for change.\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"baa9\" id=\"baa9\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*oNYiP2tT0Fv5uzx2.\" data-width=\"907\" data-height=\"510\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*oNYiP2tT0Fv5uzx2.\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Gallery view of the \u003Ca href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/oas-fellowship-program-detail.html\" data-href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/oas-fellowship-program-detail.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">OAS Open Government Fellows Coaching Program\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"b30e\" id=\"b30e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Peer-to-peer learning is a significant component of how people learn to be effective. In the Academy, we bring together a dozen teams and individuals working on a common challenge for mutual learning and support. Unlike in a traditional university, where the emphasis is on individual work product, in the Academy we pair people with mentors whose deep networks and subject matter expertise help them find partners and powerful champions to get things done. We encourage participants to put ego to one side and to “write the letter they want someone else to send” to make things happen in the real world.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"9593\" id=\"9593\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Lesson 6: In order to be successful, public entrepreneurs must be able to define the problem — a skill widely lacking.\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"8a3b\" id=\"8a3b\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*n37wyPXMQ57BjpdPzwlsMw.jpeg\" data-width=\"435\" data-height=\"262\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*n37wyPXMQ57BjpdPzwlsMw.jpeg\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Ca href=\"http://hci.stanford.edu/dschool/resources/design-process/gallery.html#squiggle\" data-href=\"http://hci.stanford.edu/dschool/resources/design-process/gallery.html#squiggle\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The design squiggle [Damien Newman]\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"18c1\" id=\"18c1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Effective solutions are developed only when one has a clear definition of the problem to be tackled. Hence our pedagogy emphasizes problem definition and we frequently help people rewrite their problem statements three or more times, using such tools as the \u003Ca href=\"http://canvas.govlabacademy.org/\" data-href=\"http://canvas.govlabacademy.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">GovLab Academy Canvas\u003C/a> and The Problem Definition ToolKit.\u003C/p>\u003Cblockquote name=\"4ff7\" id=\"4ff7\" class=\"graf graf--pullquote graf-after--p\">If you are looking for a class that will help you think more deeply and practically about a problem you’d like to solve for, I encourage you to check out SPPT and GovLab’s other course offerings. Through the class, I learned how to better articulate a problem, communicate my ideas and generate support. — Academy Participant\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cblockquote name=\"6271\" id=\"6271\" class=\"graf graf--pullquote graf-after--pullquote\">I am completely addicted to the class. The readings and videos have been excellent, and I’ve enjoyed the chats the various online participants have had during classes. I was actually yelling at the screen some when Dr. Kantrow was discussing problem identification..his comments resonated with me because I’ve seen so many government professionals skip problem identification and analysis all together [sic] and just jump right into brainstorming project ideas. This was especially true when homeland security funding hit the table and, rather than devising a plan for wisely investing it, it seemed to become a race for local governments to just grab chunks by writing up project after project, with no real consideration for the problems, their magnitude, or the extent to which the military-style toy they wanted to buy (for example) would mitigate the problem. Grrrrr… — Academy Participant\u003C/blockquote>\u003Ch4 name=\"7626\" id=\"7626\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--pullquote\">Lesson 7: Connecting innovators and alumni with one another generates a lasting public infrastructure that can help solve problems more effectively.\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"e78b\" id=\"e78b\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*kPqnfV8W13iXRXiy.\" data-width=\"479\" data-height=\"420\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*kPqnfV8W13iXRXiy.\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Ca href=\"https://networkofinnovators.org/\" data-href=\"https://networkofinnovators.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Network of Innovators\u003C/a>: the skill-sharing network for government & civic innovators worldwide. Profile view.\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"0f8e\" id=\"0f8e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">To be effective, people need to do more than \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">read\u003C/em> about new ways of working. They need and want to connect with individuals who have done it before. So when a Congressional staffer, for example, wants to post a new bill online for public comment, she wants to talk to those in Iceland or Colombia about their experiences — good and bad — with posting draft constitutions and laws online. To support this desire for peer-to-peer learning, we built an expert network called the \u003Ca href=\"https://networkofinnovators.org/activity\" data-href=\"https://networkofinnovators.org/activity\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Network of Innovators\u003C/a> (NoI). NoI is a skill sharing platform that matches public entrepreneurs with complementary skills. Participants are encouraged to join the Network and “pay it forward” by helping others.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"0c3a\" id=\"0c3a\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Lesson 8: Pedagogical priorities include making problem solving more data driven and evidence based.\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"5302\" id=\"5302\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*OW_PmHT9rmbIOxTR.\" data-width=\"670\" data-height=\"492\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*OW_PmHT9rmbIOxTR.\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/new-govlab-resource-r-search-rapid-re-search-enabling-the-design-of-agile-and-creative-responses-to-problems/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/new-govlab-resource-r-search-rapid-re-search-enabling-the-design-of-agile-and-creative-responses-to-problems/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The “R-Search” rapid research methodology encompasses the central components that, when leveraged, can enable researchers to develop, iterate and implement evidence-based solutions to public problems\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"cd3b\" id=\"cd3b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Getting stuff done in government does not afford the luxury of academic style research. But experimenting with taxpayer dollars also cannot be undertaken without evidence of what works. To help everyone learn how to use data and evidence to define their problem and understand possible solutions, we started to develop a toolkit and guidance on \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/new-govlab-resource-r-search-rapid-re-search-enabling-the-design-of-agile-and-creative-responses-to-problems/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/new-govlab-resource-r-search-rapid-re-search-enabling-the-design-of-agile-and-creative-responses-to-problems/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Rapid Results Research\u003C/a> to help teams get smarter faster. Such bench research skills are supported by accelerating learning from others with related experience.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"b07a\" id=\"b07a\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Lesson 9: The demand and supply are global — requiring a global mindset and platform to learn what has worked elsewhere and why.\u003C/h4>\u003Cfigure name=\"c283\" id=\"c283\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*ka2F_dNPQzT2ELPdG4eDLQ.png\" data-width=\"1366\" data-height=\"768\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*ka2F_dNPQzT2ELPdG4eDLQ.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Yoshi Manale presenting his project to the \u003Ca href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/tech-procurement-projects-making-the-supply-chain-work-detail.html\" data-href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/tech-procurement-projects-making-the-supply-chain-work-detail.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Tech Procurement Coaching Program\u003C/a> group\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"6a44\" id=\"6a44\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Effective projects get developed when people learn from peers in other cities and countries. So we are bringing together people working on common problems from around the world into conversation to challenge one another’s assumptions.\u003C/p>\u003Cblockquote name=\"abc7\" id=\"abc7\" class=\"graf graf--pullquote graf-after--p\">It was a great use of technology to bring us all together via Zoom. It opened up several interesting discussions that exposed me to ideas about FOIA and my project on state/local transparency/secrecy. It exposed me to people I probably would never have met otherwise, whose ideas and expertise I plan to tap. And it helped me get a broader understanding of how a project such as mine might proceed. — Academy Participant\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cp name=\"c18b\" id=\"c18b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--pullquote\">For example, in a course led by \u003Ca href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/faculty-members.html#clay-johnson\" data-href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/faculty-members.html#clay-johnson\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Clay Johnson\u003C/a>, teams from New York City, Mexico City, Pittsburgh and London were so eager to keep talking that they requested to extend the program by four weeks as they all tried to improve their governments’ tech procurement processes.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"3db2\" id=\"3db2\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Lesson 10: Collaboration and coordination among anchor organizations is key to meeting the demand and coordinating the supply.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"3b54\" id=\"3b54\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">We cannot do this work alone. Success comes from collaboration between partners with commitments to solving the world’s hardest problems. Here are some of the ways we are collaborating:\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"ef0c\" id=\"ef0c\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*ulgKpcG9s5TVzFNSjn9wAQ.png\" data-width=\"294\" data-height=\"273\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*ulgKpcG9s5TVzFNSjn9wAQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"7b59\" id=\"7b59\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Combining Coaching and Prizes\u003C/strong> — For those sponsoring a prize-backed challenge, such as One.Org, the Citizen Cyberscience Centre, and the\u003Ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JPWNjPvvTCc&list=PLNdwJMCrT_QNxwoFYMoEY8UII4SpnoYcP&index=2\" data-href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JPWNjPvvTCc&list=PLNdwJMCrT_QNxwoFYMoEY8UII4SpnoYcP&index=2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Crowdcrafting\u003C/a> platform, who are trying to stimulate the \u003Ca href=\"http://openseventeen.org/sandbox/\" data-href=\"http://openseventeen.org/sandbox/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">use of citizen science to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals\u003C/a>, we offer the coaching that helps the winners take an innovation, like an app, from a cool idea to an implementable project.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6ea6\" id=\"6ea6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Creating New Communities of Practice\u003C/strong> — Working with the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.oas.org/en/media_center/press_release.asp?sCodigo=E-101/15\" data-href=\"https://www.oas.org/en/media_center/press_release.asp?sCodigo=E-101/15\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Organization of American States\u003C/a>, which is investing in building the next generation of innovative leaders in Latin America, we are coaching these \u003Ca href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/oas-fellowship-program-2016-detail.html\" data-href=\"http://govlabacademy.org/oas-fellowship-program-2016-detail.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">OAS Fellows\u003C/a> to realize the vision for their projects. We have also partnered with Nesta and MindLab to coach a cohort of \u003Ca href=\"http://www.nesta.org.uk/event/labworks-2015\" data-href=\"http://www.nesta.org.uk/event/labworks-2015\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">new public lab practitioners\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b578\" id=\"b578\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Agile Networks of Expertise\u003C/strong> — Through \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@bethnoveck/crowdsourcing-disaster-management-expertise-for-quito-7a3162940a3b#.nw5ojg2tg\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@bethnoveck/crowdsourcing-disaster-management-expertise-for-quito-7a3162940a3b#.nw5ojg2tg\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">a curated call\u003C/a> for help to global experts, the GovLab Academy is helping the City of Quito to prepare for the possible explosion of the Cotopaxi volcano by quickly assembling dozens of global experts to provide advice and mentoring, leading to the development of a new suite of citizen reporting tools.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"1e9b\" id=\"1e9b\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">University for the Public Good: Making a Dent in the Universe\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"2650\" id=\"2650\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Our next step is to replicate and scale what works to make a concerted effort to tackle hard problems.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"128b\" id=\"128b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Imagine what a new kind of university dedicated to the public good might look like. Even as we launch new coaching programs to help more people become agents of change, our bigger goal is to make a dent in really hard problems from reforming the criminal justice system to advancing humanitarian interventions to fighting inequality by empowering more people to become effective public entrepreneurs.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6019\" id=\"6019\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To do so, we want to multiply project coaching and mentoring initiatives — focused on solving specific problems and enabling people to use innovative techniques to do so — and to create the scalable platforms and interventions that provide sustained engagement for many more public entrepreneurs to the end of catalyzing real change in more communities.\u003C/p>\u003Cblockquote name=\"7f75\" id=\"7f75\" class=\"graf graf--pullquote graf-after--p\">The world’s national, state and local governments don’t have the right digital skills in the right quantities to meet the challenges of the coming century. This is a Big Problem. — \u003Ca href=\"http://civichall.org/civicist/manifesto-for-public-technology/\" data-href=\"http://civichall.org/civicist/manifesto-for-public-technology/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--pullquote-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">A Manifesto for Public Technology\u003C/a>, Tom Steinberg, founder of mySociety.org\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cp name=\"b3e0\" id=\"b3e0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--pullquote\">In the process of creating our homespun “public good university,” we also hope to convince traditional universities to change how they teach. At NYU Tandon School of Engineering, we already offer Capstone programs for graduate students focusing on public entrepreneurship and using the same methods. We need more engineering programs focusing on public interest problems, more law and public policy schools including technology in their toolkit, and more cross-over between these disciplines.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0d1c\" id=\"0d1c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">But we don’t have to wait until we rebuild ancient universities and hidebound degree programs when we can create new pop-up universities for social good like the Academy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6207\" id=\"6207\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">For more about the Academy read our \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B9P1gGvCmrkpa3hxZmxZVEhEd2M/view?usp=sharing\" data-href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B9P1gGvCmrkpa3hxZmxZVEhEd2M/view?usp=sharing\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">one-pager\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">, \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B9P1gGvCmrkpQm1oWkVVYmdNNTA/view?usp=sharing\" data-href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B9P1gGvCmrkpQm1oWkVVYmdNNTA/view?usp=sharing\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">our slides\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> and our \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B9P1gGvCmrkpNnJnMWFZNi1nYXM/view?usp=sharing\" data-href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B9P1gGvCmrkpNnJnMWFZNi1nYXM/view?usp=sharing\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">full report\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/training-the-next-generation-of-public-leaders-and-problem-solvers",{"title":3608,"description":3611},"training-the-next-generation-of-public-leaders-and-problem-solvers","blogposts/training-the-next-generation-of-public-leaders-and-problem-solvers","nViqwrpD1rzxaxs-V2N-mgT3NUnx6dhxu6CDeWOZbnk",{"id":3621,"title":3622,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3623,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3624,"description":3625,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3622,"image":34,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3626,"meta":3627,"navigation":15,"path":3628,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3629,"slug":3630,"startTime":34,"stem":3631,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3632},"blogposts/blogposts/innovations-post-granting-opening-access-to-grant-funded-work-product.json","Innovations Post-Granting: Opening Access to Grant-Funded Work Product",[],"2016-01-19T16:26:33","This is the third of three posts focusing on grantmaking innovations post-granting. Earlier posts look at specific types of innovations…","\n\u003Csection name=\"b41f\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"577e\" id=\"577e\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Innovations Post-Granting: Opening Access to Grant-Funded Work Product\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"2972\" id=\"2972\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This is the third of three posts focusing on grantmaking innovations post-granting. Earlier posts look at specific types of innovations before and during the grantmaking process. Our \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/introduction-to-open-grantmaking-9301089a8780#.qoh1b738c\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/introduction-to-open-grantmaking-9301089a8780#.qoh1b738c\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">introduction\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> to the series explains the importance of open grantmaking innovations and why they matter for improving the legitimacy and effectiveness of grant-based public investments.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"7165\" id=\"7165\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Summary: Increasing access to the work product developed as a result of a grant helps ensure that the public can benefit from the knowledge that grantees produce.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"162e\" id=\"162e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">In contrast to opening data about grantmaking expenditures, there are also innovations focused on increasing access to the knowledge developed through grantmaking practices, to ensure that the public can benefit from and build on the knowledge that grantees produce. Dr. John Holdren, Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), promulgated a \u003Ca href=\"http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/microsites/ostp/ostp_public_access_memo_2013.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/microsites/ostp/ostp_public_access_memo_2013.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Memorandum Expanding Public Access to the Results of Federally Funded Research\u003C/a> in 2013 to advocate for the use of open-access policies throughout the federal government, directing “each federal agency with over $100 million in annual conduct of research and development expenditures to develop a plan to support increased public access to the results of research funded by the Federal Government.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a618\" id=\"a618\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The Holdren memo was in turn inspired by the practice of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), which\u003Ca href=\"http://publicaccess.nih.gov/\" data-href=\"http://publicaccess.nih.gov/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> requires\u003C/a> that all papers it funds that are accepted for publication be made publicly accessible, for free, on its\u003Ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/\" data-href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> PubMed Central\u003C/a> archive. Taking a slower approach, the National Science Foundation (NSF) funded a\u003Ca href=\"http://www.nsf.gov/eng/general/dmp.jsp\" data-href=\"http://www.nsf.gov/eng/general/dmp.jsp\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> one-year pilot study\u003C/a> to encourage researchers to file a “data management plan” to explain how they would share their research data (or explain why they cannot). NSF opted for the pilot to enable it to hear from its grantees as to what challenges, such as unforeseen costs or privacy issues, opening up the underlying datasets used in a research project would create. Now NSF is\u003Ca href=\"https://www.nsf.gov/about/budget/fy2014/pdf/45_fy2014.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.nsf.gov/about/budget/fy2014/pdf/45_fy2014.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> following suit\u003C/a> and headed toward open access across the board.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1fef\" id=\"1fef\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Relatedly, the NIH also mandates that certain categories of clinical trials make results available through\u003Ca href=\"https://clinicaltrials.gov/\" data-href=\"https://clinicaltrials.gov/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> clinicaltrials.gov\u003C/a>, and can withhold funding if an applicable trial fails to do so. However, partly out of a concern that this NIH mandate was both overly narrow in scope and insufficiently enforced, a parallel advocacy campaign,\u003Ca href=\"http://www.alltrials.net/\" data-href=\"http://www.alltrials.net/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> AllTrials\u003C/a>, is securing commitments from private companies and research institutions to publish the full results of clinical drug trials. AllTrials is also in discussions with hedge funds investing in these companies to make funding contingent upon disclosure.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bcb8\" id=\"bcb8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Outside the realm of scientific research, the Department of Labor’s Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training (TAACCCT) program requires grantees to make the educational training materials they develop with the Department’s $2 billion in initial workforce training grants \u003Ca href=\"http://creativecommons.org/tag/taaccct\" data-href=\"http://creativecommons.org/tag/taaccct\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">fully re-usable under a Creative Commons license\u003C/a>, including by commercial third-parties. Many foundations are also starting to adopt this model: Foundation Center’s \u003Ca href=\"http://www.issuelab.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.issuelab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">IssueLab\u003C/a>, for instance, brings together case studies, evaluations, white papers, and issue briefs from a broad range of nonprofits to make the collective intelligence of the social sector more easily accessible.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"09f4\" id=\"09f4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/absolutely-maybe/2013/12/26/open-access-2013-a-year-of-gaining-momentum/\" data-href=\"http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/absolutely-maybe/2013/12/26/open-access-2013-a-year-of-gaining-momentum/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">With a few years of experience with open access policies\u003C/a>, it is now time for a systematic and empirical review of agencies’ progress and, more important, assessment of which innovators are using the newly-available material, and how, to solve public problems and advance the public good.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"082a\" id=\"082a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Use It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"a327\" id=\"a327\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Enhancing Access\u003C/strong>: Open access increases access to the knowledge produced with grant-funding. By giving people the ability to scrutinize the underlying work product, open access can potentially accelerate additional advances in knowledge and new kinds of problem-solving. In addition to enabling collaboration, it can enhance trust in the grantmaking process.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c3c5\" id=\"c3c5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Spurring Innovation\u003C/strong>: Open access can promote third-party innovation by enabling newcomers to build upon the work product created by grantees.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"563a\" id=\"563a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Magnifying Impact\u003C/strong>: By opening up access to underlying work product, agencies can make their limited grantmaking dollars go further in advancing their missions.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"7655\" id=\"7655\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Not to Use It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"ef34\" id=\"ef34\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">IP Incentives: \u003C/strong>There may be instances in which allowing grantees to retain certain IP rights is important for attracting quality applicants.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"dd5f\" id=\"dd5f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Absence of Evidence\u003C/strong>: There is a not a lot of understanding of the circumstances under which open access promotes innovation best.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"77cc\" id=\"77cc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Monetizing First Sale Rights\u003C/strong>: In some grant grant competitions, investors will offer to fund second-and third-place winners not funded by the government, if they can retain rights.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"fa8e\" id=\"fa8e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">This is the final post in our series on open and effective grantmaking. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Click here\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> to return to the table of contents for an at-a-glance look at the whole publication.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/innovations-post-granting-opening-access-to-grant-funded-work-product",{"title":3622,"description":3625},"innovations-post-granting-opening-access-to-grant-funded-work-product","blogposts/innovations-post-granting-opening-access-to-grant-funded-work-product","Txf5OREoTNIEOlaJzN13dH_aCN657ggW4cqa9kB_KyM",{"id":3634,"title":3635,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3636,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3637,"description":3638,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3635,"image":34,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3639,"meta":3640,"navigation":15,"path":3641,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3642,"slug":3643,"startTime":34,"stem":3644,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3645},"blogposts/blogposts/innovations-post-granting-standardizing-reporting.json","Innovations Post-Granting: Standardizing Reporting",[],"2016-01-19T16:25:41","This is our second of three posts focusing on grantmaking innovations post-granting. Earlier posts look at specific types of innovations…","\n\u003Csection name=\"c8e6\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"6974\" id=\"6974\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Innovations Post-Granting: Standardizing Reporting\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"7e6a\" id=\"7e6a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This is our second of three posts focusing on grantmaking innovations post-granting. Earlier posts look at specific types of innovations before and during the grantmaking process. Our \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/introduction-to-open-grantmaking-9301089a8780#.qoh1b738c\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/introduction-to-open-grantmaking-9301089a8780#.qoh1b738c\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">introduction\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> to the series explains the importance of open grantmaking innovations and why they matter for improving the legitimacy and effectiveness of grant-based public investments.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"f031\" id=\"f031\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Summary: In order to make open grantmaking data more useful, it is important to develop more uniform reporting standards for grantors and grantees alike.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"5488\" id=\"5488\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">There is a growing awareness that making sense of open grantmaking data (which we describe in\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/innovations-post-granting-opening-data-about-grants-grantors-and-grantees-160115a56fc#.wdtqmk1l6\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/innovations-post-granting-opening-data-about-grants-grantors-and-grantees-160115a56fc#.wdtqmk1l6\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">a previous post\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">) \u003C/strong>will also requires better, more uniform data-reporting \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">standards\u003C/em>, such as unique identifiers for specific grantors, grantees, and specific projects. Achieving anything close to a unified reporting standard is easier said than done, though work toward that goal has thankfully begun within both the public and philanthropic sectors.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7122\" id=\"7122\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In 2014, President Obama signed the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.datacoalition.org/what-is-data-transparency/data-act/\" data-href=\"http://www.datacoalition.org/what-is-data-transparency/data-act/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">DATA Act\u003C/a>, which mandates that the federal government standardize the reporting of federal spending data. Although focused primarily on how \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">contracting\u003C/em> is reported, the statute provides the power for the White House Office of Management and Budget and Department of the Treasury to set standards that could also apply to grants.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d303\" id=\"d303\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">On an international level, the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.open-contracting.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.open-contracting.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Contracting Partnership\u003C/a> is a global initiative working to secure international transparency commitments for all stages of government contracting. As an important component of its work, it has developed a \u003Ca href=\"http://www.open-contracting.org/open_contracting_data_standards\" data-href=\"http://www.open-contracting.org/open_contracting_data_standards\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">standard\u003C/a> to make published contracting data more uniform and usable. The Open Contracting Partnership is a compelling example of how, when data is released (as discussed in the previous post), and done so in a standardized fashion, there is the potential to avoid duplication of investment, decrease fraud and abuse, and enable better analysis of impact.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0ca6\" id=\"0ca6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The public sector, though, generally lags behind the nonprofit sector in adopting data reporting standards for grants and evaluations. The \u003Ca href=\"http://www.aidtransparency.net/\" data-href=\"http://www.aidtransparency.net/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">International Aid Transparency Initiative\u003C/a> (IATI), for instance, endeavors to systematize the reporting of aid and development spending data. As they \u003Ca href=\"http://www.aidtransparency.net/about\" data-href=\"http://www.aidtransparency.net/about\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">describe\u003C/a> it, “Organizations implement IATI by publishing their aid information in IATI’s agreed electronic format (XML) — usually on their website — before linking it to the IATI Registry. The Registry acts as an online catalogue and index of links to all of the raw data published to the IATI Standard.” This model may prove useful as governments work to set standards for their own grant reporting.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c114\" id=\"c114\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A further challenge to greater transparency about grant funding (as with contracts) is the absence of a common taxonomy for describing the underlying entities and organizations themselves. (To put it differently: it’s difficult to report on financial flows between agency A and organization B when there is no agreed-on way to name or describe agency A or organization B.) There is already underway an international, multi-stakeholder\u003Ca href=\"http://www.sifma.org/uploadedfiles/issues/technology_and_operations/legal_entity_identifier/lei-global-calls.pdf?n=07707\" data-href=\"http://www.sifma.org/uploadedfiles/issues/technology_and_operations/legal_entity_identifier/lei-global-calls.pdf?n=07707\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> effort\u003C/a> to establish legal-entity identifiers (LEIs) in the financial services sector. The\u003Ca href=\"http://www.marketsforgood.org/bridge-to-somewhere-a-conversation-with-global-giving-guidestar-the-foundation-center-and-techsoup-global/\" data-href=\"http://www.marketsforgood.org/bridge-to-somewhere-a-conversation-with-global-giving-guidestar-the-foundation-center-and-techsoup-global/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> BRIDGE project\u003C/a>, funded by the Gates Foundation, is an acronym for Basic Registry of Identified Global Entities. BRIDGE aims to assign a unique ID to every NGO to make open data about grants more easily analyzable. A related effort called\u003Ca href=\"http://orcid.org/\" data-href=\"http://orcid.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> ORCID\u003C/a>, which assigns unique identities to researchers, is similarly designed to ensure that data about grantmaking translates into improved understanding of downstream impact.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"34e8\" id=\"34e8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The sheer number of initiatives mentioned above makes clear that a critical mass of interest in data standardization exists. But coordinating among these various actors, and ensuring that they do not end up at cross purposes, will be crucial.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a1cc\" id=\"a1cc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Do It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"ae18\" id=\"ae18\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Signal, Not Noise\u003C/strong>: With standardizing reporting categories, grantors and third parties will have greater ability to compare activities, outputs, and impacts across different sorts of grants.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"144a\" id=\"144a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Ease of Reporting\u003C/strong>: With pre-defined categories, there is less guesswork for grantees in knowing how to report to funders.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"b3f6\" id=\"b3f6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Not Do It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"4443\" id=\"4443\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Stifling Creativity\u003C/strong>: Just as metrics cannot always be standardized, rigidly defining reporting categories can artificially constrain grantees and the activities they undertake.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9d90\" id=\"9d90\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Compliance Burden\u003C/strong>: Box-ticking exercises take time and resources away from core activities.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"f4a5\" id=\"f4a5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Click \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/innovations-post-granting-open-access-opening-access-to-grant-funded-work-product-8c896506c379#.3nnifxhu3\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/innovations-post-granting-open-access-opening-access-to-grant-funded-work-product-8c896506c379#.3nnifxhu3\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">here\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> for the third post in our series on innovations post-granting, or head back to the \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">table of contents\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> for an at-a-glance look at the whole publication.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/innovations-post-granting-standardizing-reporting",{"title":3635,"description":3638},"innovations-post-granting-standardizing-reporting","blogposts/innovations-post-granting-standardizing-reporting","J0OZuIXl-5qXgeXfumPMpdABuJVt8_vm6mTFELk9Xvw",{"id":3647,"title":3648,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3649,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3650,"description":3651,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3648,"image":3652,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3653,"meta":3654,"navigation":15,"path":3655,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3656,"slug":3657,"startTime":34,"stem":3658,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3659},"blogposts/blogposts/innovations-post-granting-opening-data-about-grants-grantors-and-grantees.json","Innovations Post-Granting: Opening Data About Grants, Grantors, and Grantees",[],"2016-01-19T16:25:00","Our next three posts in this series focus on grantmaking innovations post-granting. Earlier posts look at specific types of innovations…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*Bi_Sn95_OkGv8u3ZyA1BbA.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"27b3\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"5c83\" id=\"5c83\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Innovations Post-Granting: Opening Data About Grants, Grantors, and Grantees\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"053e\" id=\"053e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Our next three posts in this series focus on grantmaking innovations post-granting. Earlier posts look at specific types of innovations before and during the grantmaking process. Our \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/introduction-to-open-grantmaking-9301089a8780#.qoh1b738c\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/introduction-to-open-grantmaking-9301089a8780#.qoh1b738c\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">introduction\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> to the series explains the importance of open grantmaking innovations and why they matter for improving the legitimacy and effectiveness of grant-based public investments.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"127f\" id=\"127f\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Summary: When others can easily discover and manipulate data about what activities are funded in a given region, population, or issue, this has the potential to avoid duplication of investment, decrease fraud and abuse, enable better analysis of impact, and create a marketplace so that other funders can match funds or support non-winning proposals.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"dd26\" id=\"dd26\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">When data about grants, grantors, grantees, and their grant-funded work product is made open and available to the public, the entire funding ecosystem benefits. Grantors get the chance to learn about what’s already been funded and with what impact, helping guide future investment decisions. Grantees, in turn, can use demonstrated successes (and funding commitments) to attract follow-on funding. Future applicants can study past grant decisions to improve their understanding of a funder’s priorities and patterns of investment. And citizens get the benefit of greater transparency about what their tax dollars are accomplishing.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"834c\" id=\"834c\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*Bi_Sn95_OkGv8u3ZyA1BbA.png\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"509\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*Bi_Sn95_OkGv8u3ZyA1BbA.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">\u003Ca href=\"https://figshare.com/blog/2015_The_year_of_open_data_mandates/143\" data-href=\"https://figshare.com/blog/2015_The_year_of_open_data_mandates/143\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Open Academic Tidal Wave\u003C/a>\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"0dfe\" id=\"0dfe\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">While the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ced.org/reports/single/the-future-of-taxpayer-funded-research-who-will-control-access-to-the-resul\" data-href=\"https://www.ced.org/reports/single/the-future-of-taxpayer-funded-research-who-will-control-access-to-the-resul\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">United States does not\u003C/a>yet have such a system in place, the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.rcuk.ac.uk/RCUK-prod/assets/documents/documents/RCUKOpenAccessPolicy.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.rcuk.ac.uk/RCUK-prod/assets/documents/documents/RCUKOpenAccessPolicy.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">United Kingdom’s commitment\u003C/a> to opening the outputs of publicly funded research — because these outputs offer “significant social and economic benefits as well as aiding the development of new research” — speaks to the potential of such an open system for grantmaking.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fef4\" id=\"fef4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">However, despite increasing awareness of the benefits of openness, and some encouraging steps in the right direction, we have a ways to go before open grantmaking data becomes the norm.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"141d\" id=\"141d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For instance, although the federal government already makes grant \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">calls\u003C/em>available via grants.gov, there is no agreement to disclose data about grants once awarded. For example, in 2010, the philanthropic world was in an \u003Ca href=\"http://www.tacticalphilanthropy.com/2010/08/transparency-controversy-at-the-social-innovation-fund/\" data-href=\"http://www.tacticalphilanthropy.com/2010/08/transparency-controversy-at-the-social-innovation-fund/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">uproar\u003C/a> about whether it was appropriate for the White House to release the names of applicants or winners in connection with the awarding of $50 million in social innovation grants. There is no consensus yet on what kinds of grant data (applicants, awardees, impact reports, etc.) should be transparent, and therefore no parallel global movement, but various disclosure initiatives are proliferating in the public and philanthropic sectors.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"edf2\" id=\"edf2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Some federal agencies, such as the National Institute of Health, are making information about grant \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">awards\u003C/em> available as raw, machine-readable open data via the data.gov open data portal. Each month, the agency publishes data about the type of projects funded, the area of research, the lead researchers, and their organizations. The Department of Education’s Investing in Education (i3) program posts all relevant application materials, and also \u003Ca href=\"http://www2.ed.gov/about/opengov-plan-v30.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www2.ed.gov/about/opengov-plan-v30.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">posts overview information after each closing date\u003C/a> about the number of applications received and the list of applicants. When the program announces the highest-rated applicants each fall, these applicants’ project narratives and technical review forms are posted on the website along with an overview document that discusses the i3 competitions for that year.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f7c6\" id=\"f7c6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Interestingly, the Department of Education’s unusually open process allowed for several large national foundations to conduct a parallel vetting process of i3 applicants to award their own separate grants. These foundations adopted streamlined procedures for board approval of projects that had initially gone through the i3 process and put aside funds for applicants that made the cut. “In the end,” \u003Ca href=\"http://foundationcenter.org/grantmakers/eupdates/pdf/philp_foundationreview.pdf\" data-href=\"http://foundationcenter.org/grantmakers/eupdates/pdf/philp_foundationreview.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">comments Foundation Center\u003C/a>, “large foundations were critical to the success of the i3 matching-grant requirement, but each individual organization followed its own guidelines and approval processes and made its grants directly to their grantees.” As the i3 experience suggests, one potential benefit for grantees to making award data transparent is the ability to create a marketplace so that other funders can match funds or support non-winning proposals. For funders, opening up an after-market decreases the costs of grant administration because they get to piggyback on an existing process.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1728\" id=\"1728\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Opening up data about grantmaking (including in the philanthropic sector) is also translating into improved understanding of the \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">impact\u003C/em> of such investments. \u003Ca href=\"http://www.glasspockets.org\" data-href=\"http://www.glasspockets.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Glasspockets\u003C/a>, an initiative led by \u003Ca href=\"http://foundationcenter.org\" data-href=\"http://foundationcenter.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Foundation Center\u003C/a>, champions greater philanthropic transparency by aggregating and sharing information on the financials, governance, grantmaking, and performance assessment of grantmaking organizations, and provides tools to help them become more transparent. Additionally\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">, \u003C/strong>Glasspockets is also home to the Reporting Commitment Initiative, in which currently a total of 19 U.S. foundations aim to improve the quality of grants information by advancing transparency and open data. Grant information is reported at least quarterly (daily in some cases) by each foundation, coded for geographic focus, and made available on Glasspockets, which includes an\u003Ca href=\"http://glasspockets.org/philanthropy-in-focus/reporting-commitment-map\" data-href=\"http://glasspockets.org/philanthropy-in-focus/reporting-commitment-map\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> interactive map of the data\u003C/a> that illustrates the national and global reach of America’s largest foundations. All data is completely open and can be downloaded\u003Ca href=\"http://glasspockets.org/philanthropy-in-focus/reporting-commitment-api-and-querybuilder\" data-href=\"http://glasspockets.org/philanthropy-in-focus/reporting-commitment-api-and-querybuilder\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> through an API\u003C/a>. In the public sector, a joint effort of the NIH and NSF, which make the data about the grants they give available as open data via data.gov, have launched the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.starmetrics.nih.gov\" data-href=\"https://www.starmetrics.nih.gov\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">STAR METRICS\u003C/a> initiative. STAR METRICS is a first of its kind effort to measure the concrete impact of federally-funded scientific research on the economy and on downstream innovations.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dc01\" id=\"dc01\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Hopefully, as these open data initiatives demonstrate their value for the various participants in the grantmaking process, the move toward greater transparency will gain even more traction throughout government and beyond.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cd29\" id=\"cd29\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Do It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"775f\" id=\"775f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Improving grant effectiveness\u003C/strong>: Opening grantee data can allow resource-constrained agencies to give opportunities to third-party analysis to measure impact, detect fraud, etc.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5b64\" id=\"5b64\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Inviting collaborators\u003C/strong>: When an agency creates an “after-market” based on open grantee data, other grantmaking entities inside and outside government can more easily multiply the impact of limited grant funding by matching funds.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9a7b\" id=\"9a7b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Promoting greater learning: \u003C/strong>Open grantee data could give the public an expansive new learning resource of information on public issues and potential solutions.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"5362\" id=\"5362\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Not Do It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"63e5\" id=\"63e5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Privacy\u003C/strong>: Where confidentiality of applicants or their submission materials are of special concern, limitation on the openness of applicant/grantee data may be appropriate. This might not be a question of whether to open or not but what to open and when.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5757\" id=\"5757\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Lack of infrastructure: \u003C/strong>Opening data, though a simple concept, requires significant resource investment and backend infrastructure. For open data mandates to be successful, significant investment must be made to create an infrastructure for storing and releasing data.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"975b\" id=\"975b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Click \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/innovations-post-granting-standardizing-reporting-6d67a75a7831#.mfuwd0zh6\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/innovations-post-granting-standardizing-reporting-6d67a75a7831#.mfuwd0zh6\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">here\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> for the second post in our series on innovations post-granting, or head back to the \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">table of contents\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> for an at-a-glance look at the whole publication.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/innovations-post-granting-opening-data-about-grants-grantors-and-grantees",{"title":3648,"description":3651},"innovations-post-granting-opening-data-about-grants-grantors-and-grantees","blogposts/innovations-post-granting-opening-data-about-grants-grantors-and-grantees","WvIEhpMFlDMfcGs9aNTBKBorPZcqcCv_2w9qhu5a8k8",{"id":3661,"title":3662,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3663,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3664,"description":3665,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3662,"image":3666,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3667,"meta":3668,"navigation":15,"path":3669,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3670,"slug":3671,"startTime":34,"stem":3672,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3673},"blogposts/blogposts/innovations-in-granting-open-peer-review-and-participatory-judging.json","Innovations in Granting: Open Peer Review and Participatory Judging",[],"2016-01-14T16:10:42","Changing How “Winners” Are Picked","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/2560/1*ZAgec6QozNeRS23EXSaz-g.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"914d\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--fullWidth\">\u003Cfigure name=\"7b3a\" id=\"7b3a\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--layoutFillWidth graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*ZAgec6QozNeRS23EXSaz-g.png\" data-width=\"2667\" data-height=\"1001\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/2560/1*ZAgec6QozNeRS23EXSaz-g.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"20d6\" id=\"20d6\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">Innovations in Granting: Open Peer Review and Participatory Judging\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"79f5\" id=\"79f5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Changing How “Winners” Are Picked\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c29f\" id=\"c29f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This is the first of four posts in a series focusing on innovations during the grantmaking process. In addition to this series, others in this publication focus on innovations \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">before\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> and \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">after\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> the selection process. Head back to the \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">table of contents\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">for an at-a-glance look at the whole publication including our \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/introduction-to-open-grantmaking-9301089a8780#.qoh1b738c\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/introduction-to-open-grantmaking-9301089a8780#.qoh1b738c\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">introduction\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> on the importance of open and effective grantmaking innovations for improving the legitimacy and effectiveness of grant-based public investments.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"8b7c\" id=\"8b7c\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Summary: In contrast to the traditional closed-door review process, many organizations have begun exploring new ways to make the judging or awarding of grants more collaborative. These more open judging processes can involve opportunities for public input at the outset to narrow a broad field or later on, to select final winners from a shortlist. This input could consist of public comments or voting, judging by panels of outside peer reviewers, or a combination of both.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"1962\" id=\"1962\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">During the selection phase, organizations are concerned with ensuring fairness, decreasing the costs and increasing the efficiency of grant administration. They want to recognize and select the most promising proposals. By bringing more people (and data) from more diverse backgrounds into the process at the selection stage, open grantmaking techniques have the potential to make the grant award process more informed and legitimate.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"02a7\" id=\"02a7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The philanthropic sector has led the way in exploring new ways to\u003Ca href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/jane-wales/if-you-want-an-answer-ask_b_742111.html\" data-href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/jane-wales/if-you-want-an-answer-ask_b_742111.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> open up the process of judging grant applications\u003C/a> to participants from outside the awarding entity. Beginning in 2007, the Case Foundation involved the public in every aspect of decision-making in connection with its \u003Ca href=\"http://casefoundation.org/resource/citizen-centered-solutions/\" data-href=\"http://casefoundation.org/resource/citizen-centered-solutions/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Make it Your Own Awards\u003C/a> from determining grant guidelines and judging criteria to voting. Although judges worked behind closed doors to winnow the 4,600 applications down to a top 20, the public was then invited to vote for the final winners. More than 15,000 people participated.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1476\" id=\"1476\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Participatory innovations like this offer grantmakers the opportunity both to make better decisions by broadening the sources of knowledge and expertise brought to bear, but also to build relationships with the communities they serve by involving them directly in the process. It is worth noting, however, that safeguards should be put in place to ensure that finalists do not lobby for votes — a concern held by many regarding such a system.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d433\" id=\"d433\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The\u003Ca href=\"https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Home\" data-href=\"https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Home\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Wikimedia Foundation\u003C/a>, for example, with a grantmaking budget of over $2 million, integrates community input throughout the lifecycle of proposals and awards. As they\u003Ca href=\"http://blog.wikimedia.org/2015/02/19/wmf-largest-participatory-grantmaking/\" data-href=\"http://blog.wikimedia.org/2015/02/19/wmf-largest-participatory-grantmaking/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> explain\u003C/a>, “In the same way that Wikipedia articles are born and grown on a public platform through the collaboration of a global community, so too are our grant proposals workshopped and reviewed on public wikis, as well as improved by volunteer editors.” Wikimedia’s model offers a powerful example of an “open peer review” alternative to traditional closed models of judging. A\u003Ca href=\"http://www.thelafayettepractice.com/whodecides/\" data-href=\"http://www.thelafayettepractice.com/whodecides/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> report\u003C/a> by philanthropic consultancy The Lafayette Practice (commissioned by Wikimedia itself to evaluate its grantmaking practices and compare it to its peers) documented the growth in “Participatory Grantmaking Funds” (PGFs) more broadly, including the\u003Ca href=\"http://www.disabilityrightsfund.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.disabilityrightsfund.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Disability Rights Fund\u003C/a>, the\u003Ca href=\"http://www.hivyoungleadersfund.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.hivyoungleadersfund.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> HIV Young Leaders Fund\u003C/a>, and \u003Ca href=\"http://youngfeministfund.org/\" data-href=\"http://youngfeministfund.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">FRIDA — The Young Feminist Fund\u003C/a>. The report found that “PGFs serve as a powerful intermediary between grassroots organizing and traditional and institutional donors, functioning as a learning hub for institutional donors and participants.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"441f\" id=\"441f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In the United Kingdom, the cooperatively-run\u003Ca href=\"http://www.edgefund.org.uk/\" data-href=\"http://www.edgefund.org.uk/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Edge Fund\u003C/a> has found success using participatory grantmaking specifically to bring marginalized communities directly into the grantmaking process. After receiving awards, grantees then have the opportunity to become part of the co-op, helping to reach out to potential applicants and eventually participate in future funding decisions. The Fund also invites other community members (beyond the grantees) to apply for membership in the co-op. As co-founder Sophie Pritchard\u003Ca href=\"http://www.grantcraft.org/blog/building-transparency-into-the-operational-structure-of-a-new-fund\" data-href=\"http://www.grantcraft.org/blog/building-transparency-into-the-operational-structure-of-a-new-fund\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> writes\u003C/a>, a unique advantage of the Edge Fund’s collaborative approach is that “members scoring applications [that affect] their own community… [give] guidance to the rest of the members” who weigh in later.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d105\" id=\"d105\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">These alternative models in participatory grant assessment fall on a spectrum between the traditional closed judging approach and the wide-open wiki-based process. The White House Social Innovation Fund, another such example,\u003Ca href=\"http://www.nationalservice.gov/programs/social-innovation-fund/our-model\" data-href=\"http://www.nationalservice.gov/programs/social-innovation-fund/our-model\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> outsources\u003C/a> the awarding of grants for social innovators to handful of organizations with a successful track record for social innovation. By giving grants to the grantmakers, the Social Innovation Fund diversifies access to innovative proposals and applicants.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8a52\" id=\"8a52\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In an alternative version of this approach, \u003Ca href=\"http://theotherfoundation.org/\" data-href=\"http://theotherfoundation.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Other Foundation\u003C/a>, a South Africa-based LGBT rights organization, used \u003Ca href=\"http://www.africangrantmakersnetwork.org/Documents/Report-Pilot-Peer-Review-Grant-Making-Initiative.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.africangrantmakersnetwork.org/Documents/Report-Pilot-Peer-Review-Grant-Making-Initiative.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">small teams of distributed peer reviewers\u003C/a> — under the guidance of foundation board members — to vet applications and decide on awards in its inaugural year of grantmaking. The public nominated reviewers from across six countries to assess 114 pending funding applications. The organization then chose 12 peer reviewers, including academics, activists, health practitioners, and representatives from other nonprofits. As part of the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.atlanticphilanthropies.org/sites/default/files/uploads/Report-Pilot-Peer-Review-Grant-Making-Initiative.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.atlanticphilanthropies.org/sites/default/files/uploads/Report-Pilot-Peer-Review-Grant-Making-Initiative.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">process\u003C/a> of conducting their evaluations, these peer reviewers had the chance to meet each other in person, agree on funding priorities, and develop a relevant theory of change. As the examples of the Case Foundation and The Other Foundation demonstrate, it is possible to combine closed with open and carefully curate the sources and channels of outside input.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7ea5\" id=\"7ea5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Do It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"b069\" id=\"b069\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Smarter judging: \u003C/strong>Collaborative judging processes can bring to bear a wider range of knowledge and expertise, e.g. regarding what sorts of funded projects have or haven’t worked in the past.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8cf7\" id=\"8cf7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Community\u003C/strong>: Open judging can also help funders build relationships with the communities they serve by involving them directly in the process.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"abe3\" id=\"abe3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Legitimacy\u003C/strong>: The transparency provided by a more open judging process can help build public confidence in the grantmaking body and assuage concerns about corruption, cronyism, or bias.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1c37\" id=\"1c37\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Skill-building: \u003C/strong>By giving the public the opportunity to weigh-in on grant opportunities, they stand to gain new knowledge not only about the issue addressed by the grant, but also regarding philanthropic decisionmaking processes.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"eb26\" id=\"eb26\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Not Do It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"b924\" id=\"b924\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Confidentiality\u003C/strong>: Where confidentiality of applicants or their submission materials is an issue, more traditional judging processes may be more appropriate. However, grantmaking bodies can also pursue a “middle ground” with special safeguards relevant to these concerns, e.g. where applicants would know in advance the limited circle of peer reviews who, exclusively, would have access to their materials.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9fb0\" id=\"9fb0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Timing\u003C/strong>: If a very fast turnaround is a priority, a wider circle of judges (be they busy peer reviewers or members of the crowd) may slow down the process excessively.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e9eb\" id=\"e9eb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Popularity\u003C/strong>: Participatory judging results could be skewed in cases where a popular organization with a high level of name recognition is competing against smaller entities.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"e888\" id=\"e888\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Click \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/innovations-in-granting-evidence-based-grantmaking-a-little-evidence-a-little-money-a-lot-of-c40bdd9b9dfc#.me8nv1u4b\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/innovations-in-granting-evidence-based-grantmaking-a-little-evidence-a-little-money-a-lot-of-c40bdd9b9dfc#.me8nv1u4b\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">here\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> for the next post in our series on innovations in judging and awarding grants, or head back to the \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">table of contents\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> for an at-a-glance look at the whole publication.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/innovations-in-granting-open-peer-review-and-participatory-judging",{"title":3662,"description":3665},"innovations-in-granting-open-peer-review-and-participatory-judging","blogposts/innovations-in-granting-open-peer-review-and-participatory-judging","-CFWZjs89eOO8k1pNxRm2Zye0g-SeU_uXenoaBjQg9k",{"id":3675,"title":3676,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3677,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3678,"description":3679,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3676,"image":3666,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3680,"meta":3681,"navigation":15,"path":3682,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3683,"slug":3684,"startTime":34,"stem":3685,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3686},"blogposts/blogposts/innovations-in-granting-expert-networking.json","Innovations in Granting: Expert Networking",[],"2016-01-14T16:08:52","Matching Experts to Opportunities","\n\u003Csection name=\"8bef\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--fullWidth\">\u003Cfigure name=\"3359\" id=\"3359\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--layoutFillWidth graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*ZAgec6QozNeRS23EXSaz-g.png\" data-width=\"2667\" data-height=\"1001\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/2560/1*ZAgec6QozNeRS23EXSaz-g.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"de2b\" id=\"de2b\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">Innovations in Granting: Expert Networking\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"e7e1\" id=\"e7e1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Matching Experts to Opportunities\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f937\" id=\"f937\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This is the third of four posts in a series focusing on innovations in the grantmaking process. In addition to this series, others in this publication focus on innovations \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">before\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> and \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">after \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">the selection process. Head back to the \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">table of contents\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">for an at-a-glance look at the whole publication including our \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/introduction-to-open-grantmaking-9301089a8780#.qoh1b738c\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/introduction-to-open-grantmaking-9301089a8780#.qoh1b738c\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">introduction\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> on the importance of open and effective grantmaking innovations for improving the legitimacy and effectiveness of grant-based public investments.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"903b\" id=\"903b\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Summary: Recent advances in information retrieval technology and the large-scale availability of relevant data about people’s skills have made it possible to develop platforms that can automate the process of expressing, locating, and matching expertise within and across organizations. Such systems could help grantmaking bodies target both potential judges (e.g. for peer review panels) or applicants based on their knowledge, experience, and expertise.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"4ded\" id=\"4ded\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Due to recent advances in information retrieval technology and the large-scale availability of digital traces of knowledge-related activities, it is possible to develop platforms that can fully automate the process of expressing, locating, and matching expertise within and across organizations. Expert networking platforms such as LinkedIn — also called people search, expert discovery, expertise retrieval, expert finding, expert profiling, and e-expertise tools — entail software and associated algorithms that help to answer the question: who is an expert on a topic?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a25f\" id=\"a25f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Generally speaking, these tools incorporate profiles showcasing what people know. Using a combination of data scraped from social and professional networking sites such as Twitter and LinkedIn, from public sources such as website profiles and publication records, and from profiles provided by users themselves or from referrals, these tools rely on rich schema for organizing data from myriad sources into easily searchable directories.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3629\" id=\"3629\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Where a MacArthur Research Network tends to rely on networks of those they already know (the rolodex approach) and prize-backed challenges throw open the invitation to participate and hope people come (the open call approach), expert networking tools target specific people with the right expertise and match them to opportunities to participate. LinkedIn itself gives nonprofits tools they can use to\u003Ca href=\"https://nonprofits.linkedin.com/find-board-members\" data-href=\"https://nonprofits.linkedin.com/find-board-members\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> search its membership for board members\u003C/a> with relevant knowledge and experience. Early adopters within government are also making use of such tools. The Food and Drug Administration, for example, is experimenting with the use of an expert network called Harvard Profiles to algorithmically match government employees to opportunities to serve on medical device regulatory review panels. The hope is that matching technology can accelerate the process of finding the right people to assess ever more complicated and cutting-edge inventions.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d896\" id=\"d896\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Although not yet widely used in the grantmaking context, it is a small leap to imagine the application of such tools to connect people with the appropriate know-how and expertise to opportunities to serve on peer review panels for grants, or even to target particular people to ensure they are aware of the opportunity to apply for particularly relevant grants. Tools and approaches for expert networking are still evolving but the world is on the cusp of an expertise revolution, not just an information revolution.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2e9d\" id=\"2e9d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We recognize that — particularly when compared to the other, better-documented innovations in this series — expert networking is on the more speculative end of the spectrum. But while part of our motivation for creating this series is certainly to document and study past innovations, we also hope to sketch out some of the possible terrain yet to be explored.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7d7f\" id=\"7d7f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Do It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"7d78\" id=\"7d78\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Stronger applicants\u003C/strong>: Automation technology can make it easier and more efficient for government agencies to connect with the strongest potential applicants, many of whom might not otherwise learn about the grant at all.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"cd79\" id=\"cd79\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Stronger judges\u003C/strong>: Peer review panels work best when they draw from a strong and diverse group of relevant experts. Expert networking technology can augment human recruiting efforts to improve the quality of judging.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"ad1f\" id=\"ad1f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Not Do It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"567b\" id=\"567b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Leaving room for serendipity\u003C/strong>: When attracting an especially broad or diverse body input into the judging process is a particular priority, grantmaking entities may not wish to use overly-specific criteria in targeting invitations to participate.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"ed6c\" id=\"ed6c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Click \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/innovations-in-granting-open-alternatives-to-grants-crowdfunding-micropayments-and-prize-f99c090721f0#.6gaclkxa2\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/innovations-in-granting-open-alternatives-to-grants-crowdfunding-micropayments-and-prize-f99c090721f0#.6gaclkxa2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">here\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> for the next post in our series on innovations in judging and awarding grants, or head back to the \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">table of contents\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> for an at-a-glance look at the whole publication.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/innovations-in-granting-expert-networking",{"title":3676,"description":3679},"innovations-in-granting-expert-networking","blogposts/innovations-in-granting-expert-networking","gUy4rmwJxxWSWoB-8RX-QbAAgWldFgJwFIfjQA3G7tA",{"id":3688,"title":3689,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3690,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3691,"description":3692,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3689,"image":3666,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3693,"meta":3694,"navigation":15,"path":3695,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3696,"slug":3697,"startTime":34,"stem":3698,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3699},"blogposts/blogposts/innovations-in-granting-open-alternatives-to-grants.json","Innovations in Granting: Open Alternatives to Grants",[],"2016-01-14T16:07:23","Crowdfunding, Micropayments, and Prize-Backed Challenges","\n\u003Csection name=\"6f00\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--fullWidth\">\u003Cfigure name=\"76e3\" id=\"76e3\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--layoutFillWidth graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*ZAgec6QozNeRS23EXSaz-g.png\" data-width=\"2667\" data-height=\"1001\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/2560/1*ZAgec6QozNeRS23EXSaz-g.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"ec35\" id=\"ec35\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">Innovations in Granting: Open Alternatives to Grants\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"7f19\" id=\"7f19\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Crowdfunding, Micropayments, and Prize-Backed Challenges\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"de08\" id=\"de08\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This is the fourth of four posts in a series focusing on innovations in the grantmaking process. In addition to this series, others in this publication focus on innovations \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">before\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> and \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">after \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">the selection process. Head back to the \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">table of contents\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> for an at-a-glance look at the whole publication including our \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/introduction-to-open-grantmaking-9301089a8780#.qoh1b738c\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/introduction-to-open-grantmaking-9301089a8780#.qoh1b738c\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">introduction\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> on the importance of open and effective grantmaking innovations for improving the legitimacy and effectiveness of grant-based public investments.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"9e55\" id=\"9e55\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Summary: Through crowdfunding, micro-payments, and prize-backed challenges, government can use its convening power to harness more broad-based sources of funds and collaborate with private sector partners to fund innovation in new ways and problem-solving ideas.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"53c9\" id=\"53c9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.crowdsnyustern.com/\" data-href=\"http://www.crowdsnyustern.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Crowdfunding\u003C/a>, whereby would-be grantees raise funds to support their projects from distributed donors, uses openness and collaboration to circumvent the centralized grantmaking process altogether. Sites like Kickstarer, Indiegogo, and\u003Ca href=\"http://www.crowdfunding.com/\" data-href=\"http://www.crowdfunding.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> more\u003C/a> make make the grants process radically participatory.\u003Ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micropayment\" data-href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micropayment\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Micro-payment platforms\u003C/a> like Flattr radically distribute the process even further down the long tail by enabling large numbers of people to support philanthropic efforts with very small donations, rather than the larger contributions possible on crowdfunding sites. Microlenders, such as Kiva.org, similarly pool small-scale loans to entrepreneurs and students in poor communities. These models suggest ways that government agencies could use its convening power to harness more broad-based sources of funds, ideas, and judgment.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6ca0\" id=\"6ca0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Prize-backed challenges also present an alternative mechanism to fund innovation in lieu of traditional grants. In 2010, President Obama, in his \u003Ca href=\"http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/uploads/InnovationStrategy.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/uploads/InnovationStrategy.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Strategy for American Innovation\u003C/a>, called on all U.S. government agencies to increase their use of prizes and challenges to address the most pressing problems facing the country. Subsequently, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) issued a\u003Ca href=\"http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/assets/memoranda_2010/m10-11.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/assets/memoranda_2010/m10-11.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> policy framework\u003C/a> to guide agencies in using prizes to mobilize “American ingenuity.” Taking up the call, the General Services Administration (GSA) launched\u003Ca href=\"https://www.challenge.gov/\" data-href=\"https://www.challenge.gov/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Challenge.gov\u003C/a>, a one-stop shop where entrepreneurs and citizen-solvers have had the chance to participate in over 400 of these public-sector prize competitions run by a wide range of government agencies.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c9d0\" id=\"c9d0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The philanthropic sector has also begun to explore prize-backed challenges. The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA), for instance, used a $100,000 prize to challenge shelters to save more animal lives over a three-month period than they had over the same time period in the previous year. The impetus for this prize lay in a growing recognition that animal adoption had seemingly peaked and existing adoption-promotion techniques had not evolved sufficiently. Since its inception, the ASPCA’s\u003Ca href=\"http://www.grantcraft.org/case-studies/paws-up-for-philanthropic-prizes\" data-href=\"http://www.grantcraft.org/case-studies/paws-up-for-philanthropic-prizes\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Rachael Ray $100K challenge\u003C/a> has not only saved over 280,000 animals from euthanasia, but has also led shelters to develop new and effective approaches to animal foster care, in which providers take temporary custody of animals and become responsible for finding them permanent homes. As this example shows, prize-backed challenges can both help generate innovative new ideas and inspire performance improvements among service providers.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a040\" id=\"a040\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">These sorts of challenges, in turn, rely on crowdsourcing to engage more people in supplying novel ideas to tackle a problem. Stefaan Verhulst and Andrew Young of the GovLab\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@sverhulst/governing-through-prizes-and-challenges-677f3ef861d1\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@sverhulst/governing-through-prizes-and-challenges-677f3ef861d1\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\"> write\u003C/a> that “prizes and challenges allow governments to establish ambitious goals without having to predict which individual, team or approach is most likely to succeed (thus reducing the riskiness of funding decisions at the outset), and to stimulate private-sector investment that is potentially much greater in value than the prize amount itself.” However, the promise of prize-backed challenges over grants-incorporating-crowdsourcing comes not only from widening the pool of potential problem solvers, but also from the absence of statutory requirements.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"492c\" id=\"492c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Crowdfunding, micro-payments, and prize-backed challenges all open up the possibility for organizational funders to steer applicants toward these new platforms and processes as an alternative or supplement to institutionalized grantmaking (or procurement). But in the many contexts in which grantmaking is required by statute and subject to a defined statutory framework, the flexible and participatory techniques used in challenges could still be incorporated to attract more diverse and innovative solutions.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"17ef\" id=\"17ef\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Do It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"041c\" id=\"041c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Cost-efficiency:\u003C/strong> Crowdsourcing could provide a “force multiplier” for government to advertise and attract outside “micro-sponsors” for its own grantee projects. This could be especially attractive in an era of funding constraints.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"00ee\" id=\"00ee\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Community:\u003C/strong> When government requires attracting community contributions to match its grantmaking efforts, it increases the odds that grant recipients are providing relevant services for their communities.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"267f\" id=\"267f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Not Do It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"ca8a\" id=\"ca8a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Legal Constraints:\u003C/strong> Statutes may constrain he extent to which government can solicit or incorporate outside funds for its grantee projects.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e58a\" id=\"e58a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Legitimacy:\u003C/strong> Private sponsorship can erode or be perceived to erode the public-mindedness of grantmaking efforts and the projects they fund.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"89fe\" id=\"89fe\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Click \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/innovations-post-granting-opening-data-about-grants-grantors-and-grantees-160115a56fc#.bqllrcmi5\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/innovations-post-granting-opening-data-about-grants-grantors-and-grantees-160115a56fc#.bqllrcmi5\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">here\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> for the first post in our series on innovations post-granting, or head back to the \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">table of contents\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> for an at-a-glance look at the whole publication.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/innovations-in-granting-open-alternatives-to-grants",{"title":3689,"description":3692},"innovations-in-granting-open-alternatives-to-grants","blogposts/innovations-in-granting-open-alternatives-to-grants","GSxkzmGRxa4s9swiNVtmLcv1JFchUJKz4-7GD8WHxug",{"id":3701,"title":3702,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3703,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3704,"description":3705,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3702,"image":3666,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3706,"meta":3707,"navigation":15,"path":3708,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3709,"slug":3710,"startTime":34,"stem":3711,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3712},"blogposts/blogposts/innovations-in-granting-evidence-based-grantmaking.json","Innovations in Granting: Evidence-Based Grantmaking",[],"2016-01-14T16:05:10","A Little Evidence, A Little Money; A Lot of Evidence, A Lot of Money","\n\u003Csection name=\"9cb7\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--fullWidth\">\u003Cfigure name=\"584a\" id=\"584a\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--layoutFillWidth graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*ZAgec6QozNeRS23EXSaz-g.png\" data-width=\"2667\" data-height=\"1001\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/2560/1*ZAgec6QozNeRS23EXSaz-g.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"46e1\" id=\"46e1\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">Innovations in Granting: Evidence-Based Grantmaking\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"963d\" id=\"963d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">A Little Evidence, A Little Money; A Lot of Evidence, A Lot of Money\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e016\" id=\"e016\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This is the second of four posts in a series focusing on innovations in the grantmaking process. In addition to this series, others in this publication focus on innovations \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">before\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> and \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">after \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">the selection process. Head back to the \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">table of contents\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> for an at-a-glance look at the whole publication including our \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/introduction-to-open-grantmaking-9301089a8780#.qoh1b738c\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/introduction-to-open-grantmaking-9301089a8780#.qoh1b738c\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">introduction\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> on the importance of open and effective grantmaking innovations for improving the legitimacy and effectiveness of grant-based public investments.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"9b89\" id=\"9b89\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Summary: Greater openness in grantmaking processes has the potential to lead to the availability of more and better evidence, which, in turn, could enable funders to use data to help steer money toward interventions that have already been proven to create economic and scientific value. One example of this technique involves giving more money where there is more evidence and being more entrepreneurial by giving smaller amounts to riskier endeavors.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"1433\" id=\"1433\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Traditionally, grantmaking organizations have had to rely in large part on the text of a grant application and the submitting organization’s reputation when facing funding decisions. In recent years, however, government and private funders have been experimenting with more \u003Ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/memoranda/2012/m-12-14.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/memoranda/2012/m-12-14.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">evidence-based\u003C/a> grantmaking strategies.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7328\" id=\"7328\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The trend toward evidence-based grantmaking is part of a larger movement, enabled by better tools for managing data, toward \u003Ca href=\"http://www.brookings.edu/research/books/2014/show-me-the-evidence\" data-href=\"http://www.brookings.edu/research/books/2014/show-me-the-evidence\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">evidence-based policymaking\u003C/a>, generally. The United States Government is leading the way in this \u003Ca href=\"http://www.nationalservice.gov/build-your-capacity/grants/funding-opportunities/2016/social-innovation-fund-2016-pay-success-grant\" data-href=\"http://www.nationalservice.gov/build-your-capacity/grants/funding-opportunities/2016/social-innovation-fund-2016-pay-success-grant\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Pay For Success movement\u003C/a> with new policies and over $100 million invested in such initiatives, including over $10.6 million dollars allocated in 2016 for \u003Ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2015/12/11/social-innovation-fund-launches-new-pay-success-grant-program\" data-href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2015/12/11/social-innovation-fund-launches-new-pay-success-grant-program\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Pay for Success\u003C/a> social innovation grants to be awarded by the White House Office of Social Innovation and Civic Participation to nonprofits, state and local governments trying to develop projects using data-driven decisionmaking. The Laura and John Arnold Foundation has also \u003Ca href=\"http://issuu.com/ljaf/docs/ljfa-issuu/3?e=14811366/31893762\" data-href=\"http://issuu.com/ljaf/docs/ljfa-issuu/3?e=14811366/31893762\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">prioritized Pay for Success\u003C/a> by providing support to the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.urban.org/urban-wire/introducing-pay-success-initiative-urban-institute\" data-href=\"http://www.urban.org/urban-wire/introducing-pay-success-initiative-urban-institute\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Urban Institute’s Pay for Success Initiative\u003C/a>, among other investments.\u003C/p>\u003Cblockquote name=\"c487\" id=\"c487\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--p\">As authors of \u003Ca href=\"http://moneyballforgov.com/moneyball-principles/\" data-href=\"http://moneyballforgov.com/moneyball-principles/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--blockquote-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--blockquote-em\">Moneyball for Government\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--blockquote-em\"> \u003C/em>write: “Building evidence about the practices, policies and programs that will achieve the most effective and efficient results so that policymakers can make better decisions; investing limited taxpayer dollars in practices, policies and programs that use data, evidence and evaluation to demonstrate they work; and directing funds away from practices, policies, and programs that consistently fail to achieve measurable outcomes.”\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cp name=\"c169\" id=\"c169\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--blockquote\">Part of pay for success is the idea of starting small and agile — and waiting for results before going big, rather than merely evaluating after the fact. This was the strategy behind the Department of Education’s \u003Ca href=\"http://www.ed.gov/news/press-releases/us-secretary-education-arne-duncan-announces-highest-rated-applications-investing-innovation-i3-2014-competition-during-visit-high-school-students-north-carolina\" data-href=\"http://www.ed.gov/news/press-releases/us-secretary-education-arne-duncan-announces-highest-rated-applications-investing-innovation-i3-2014-competition-during-visit-high-school-students-north-carolina\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Investing in Innovation Fund (i3)\u003C/a>, which provides \u003Ca href=\"http://foundationcenter.org/grantmakers/eupdates/pdf/philp_foundationreview.pdf\" data-href=\"http://foundationcenter.org/grantmakers/eupdates/pdf/philp_foundationreview.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">tiered grants\u003C/a> contingent on the degree of demonstrated results. By dividing grantees into “development,” “validation,” “and “scaling-up” stages, each with different maximum grant amounts, i3 helps advance the principle that better evidence should be a prerequisite for bigger grants. The tiered approach could also enable funders to use data to help steer money toward interventions that have already been proven to create economic and scientific value.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b9e7\" id=\"b9e7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Some funders have recognized that small, entrepreneurial, early-stage investments can help generate the evidence to support later efforts to scale up. John S. and James L. Knight Foundation’s \u003Ca href=\"http://www.knightfoundation.org/funding-initiatives/knight-prototype-fund/\" data-href=\"http://www.knightfoundation.org/funding-initiatives/knight-prototype-fund/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Prototype Fund\u003C/a>, launched in 2012, gives small grants of up to $50,000 for innovators to “research, test core assumptions, and iterate before building out an entire project.” Similarly, the J.M. Kaplan Fund’s new \u003Ca href=\"http://www.jmkfund.org/the-jmk-innovation-prize\" data-href=\"http://www.jmkfund.org/the-jmk-innovation-prize\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">J.M.K. Innovation Prize\u003C/a> will award up to $50,000 annually for three years to “high-risk, early stage ideas being piloted or prototyped by dynamic visionaries.” Starting on an even smaller scale, the \u003Ca href=\"http://www.awesomefoundation.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.awesomefoundation.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Awesome Foundation\u003C/a> gives $1,000 dollar grants on a monthly basis to projects deemed “awesome” by a chapter of the foundation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1275\" id=\"1275\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">New policy preferences for evidence-based grantmaking is part of the solution. In addition, new technology platforms like \u003Ca href=\"https://www.givingcommon.org/about/\" data-href=\"https://www.givingcommon.org/about/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Giving Common\u003C/a> in Massachusetts can help funders to collect and make sense of more data. The platform invites non-profits to “tell their story in their own words in an organized, detailed way” to provide potential donors with more comprehensible, uniform, and useful data on different entities. Prospective donors can then search by issue area, geography, and other variables.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b3b1\" id=\"b3b1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Other tools, like Foundation Center’s \u003Ca href=\"http://maps.foundationcenter.org\" data-href=\"http://maps.foundationcenter.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Foundation Maps\u003C/em>\u003C/a>, show who is funding what and where, so funders can connect with others who have supported a given organization and learn about the structure of other grants they have received. Mandates to collect more information coupled with the policy of openness and sharing what funders learn have the potential to lead to more innovation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8c22\" id=\"8c22\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Do It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"41aa\" id=\"41aa\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Cost Savings\u003C/strong>: In an era of limited government funding, evidence-based grantmaking can help funding bodies avoid duplication, inefficiency, and waste.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8271\" id=\"8271\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Entrepreneurial Innovation\u003C/strong>: So-called “tiered” grantmaking — where increasing amounts of evidence yield increasing amounts of funding — can help unproven projects scale up while providing incentives for sharing evidence as they progress.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"2e80\" id=\"2e80\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Not Do It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"201d\" id=\"201d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">When Impact Is Less Quantifiable\u003C/strong>: While evidence-based grantmaking has tremendous potential in domains where funders seek to affect quantifiable outcomes — e.g. health, safety, or learning outcomes — other areas, e.g. beautification projects or cultural offerings, may present challenges in defining or gathering measurable or easily comparable “evidence.”\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"3f0a\" id=\"3f0a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Click \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/innovations-in-granting-expert-networking-matching-experts-to-opportunities-fd7f9b69febd#.mukutkjm5\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/innovations-in-granting-expert-networking-matching-experts-to-opportunities-fd7f9b69febd#.mukutkjm5\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">here\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> for the next post in our series on innovations in judging and awarding grants, or head back to the \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">table of contents\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> for an at-a-glance look at the whole publication.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/innovations-in-granting-evidence-based-grantmaking",{"title":3702,"description":3705},"innovations-in-granting-evidence-based-grantmaking","blogposts/innovations-in-granting-evidence-based-grantmaking","D9XMI6xidvhmUoLrcrJqGWUdpAaiipiLVjnw3tR0760",{"id":3714,"title":3715,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3716,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3717,"description":3718,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3715,"image":3719,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3720,"meta":3721,"navigation":15,"path":3722,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3723,"slug":3724,"startTime":34,"stem":3725,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3726},"blogposts/blogposts/innovations-pre-granting-ideation-challenges.json","Innovations Pre-Granting: Ideation Challenges",[],"2016-01-11T15:42:52","Using The Crowd to Develop Grant Strategy","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/2560/1*h27trewR1IkzPC2J4fMnMA.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"c9f2\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--fullWidth\">\u003Cfigure name=\"1684\" id=\"1684\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--layoutFillWidth graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*h27trewR1IkzPC2J4fMnMA.png\" data-width=\"2667\" data-height=\"1001\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/2560/1*h27trewR1IkzPC2J4fMnMA.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"0e84\" id=\"0e84\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Innovations Pre-Granting: Ideation Challenges\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"86a0\" id=\"86a0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Using The Crowd to Develop Grant Strategy\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c7d9\" id=\"c7d9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This is the first of three posts in a series focusing on innovations pre-granting. Other series in the publication look at specific types of innovations \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">during\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> and \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">after\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> the awarding process. Our \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/introduction-to-open-grantmaking-9301089a8780#.qoh1b738c\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/introduction-to-open-grantmaking-9301089a8780#.qoh1b738c\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">introduction\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> to the publication explains the importance of open grantmaking innovations and why they matter for improving the legitimacy and effectiveness of grant-based public investments. Head back to the \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">table of contents\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">for an at-a-glance look at the whole publication.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"9899\" id=\"9899\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Summary: Institutions can use “the crowd” to brainstorm ideas for the design or goal of the grant itself. In other words, outsiders can be useful for helping in formulating defining the problemsquestions institutions ought to use their funding to solve answer or the problems they should focus on solving.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"b8d8\" id=\"b8d8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">When a government agency seeks to improve how it uses its grant funding, the hard work begins long before the judging process. Grantmaking practitioners know that the quality of a grant’s \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">design\u003C/em> (e.g. the problem definition, the application process, the communication and outreach strategy) can determine the quality of applicants and the success of the projects that are ultimately funded. During this pre-judging stage, the objective is to identify the most worthwhile problems toward which to direct grant funding, as well as the best mechanisms for addressing those problems. Openness to outside input, in particular, has the potential to bring to bear greater expertise — including both on-the-ground know-how and more formal training — when determining where and how to fund.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7636\" id=\"7636\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Grantmaking institutions have begun to to solicit ideas from outside their walls very early in the process, turning to “the crowd” for help to inform how they design the grant opportunity in the first place. Crowdsourcing the grant design has the potential to bring in new ideas and better information from more diverse sources before a single application has been sent in.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"44f5\" id=\"44f5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In 2010, for example, Harvard University launched its \u003Ca href=\"http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2010/02/open-innovation-challenge-seeks-solutions-to-type-1-diabetes/\" data-href=\"http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2010/02/open-innovation-challenge-seeks-solutions-to-type-1-diabetes/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Type 1 Diabetes Challenge\u003C/a> to get creative suggestions for combating the disease and to \u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/innovating-the%20-innovation-process-re-imagining-university-research/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/innovating-the%20-innovation-process-re-imagining-university-research/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">open up\u003C/a> how universities generate their research questions. Typically, an academic decides on the direction for theirhis or her lab and seeks out funding in support of the pre-existing idea. In an effort to expand participation beyond the usual prospects and uncover new ideas for fighting Type 1 Diabetes \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">prior\u003C/em> to investing full-fledged research funding, Harvard sponsored a $30,000 prize-backed challenge to come up with promising approaches that could become the basis for a larger, subsequent research grant. The challenge did not ask people to come up with \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">answers\u003C/em>, as is typically the case in grantmaking projects. Rather, \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">contributors — the prize competitors — supplied the questions\u003C/strong>. This enabled people to propose ideas whether or not they had the resources or desire to solve the problem they proposed.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d816\" id=\"d816\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">After six weeks, 150 solid research hypotheses were submitted, encompassing a broad range of approaches from different disciplines. One \u003Ca href=\"http://catalyst.harvard.edu/news/news.html?p=1966\" data-href=\"http://catalyst.harvard.edu/news/news.html?p=1966\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">winner\u003C/a> out of the twelve selected was a college chemistry major who believed there ought to be more focus on the chemical origins of the disease. As she put it, “I was drawn to the fact that the challenge promised to create a dialogue spanning scientific disciplines and based on the merit of people’s ideas. Opportunities like this are extremely rare.” Another winning applicant was herself a diabetes patient. The Leona Helmsley Trust then offered $1 million in grant funding to encourage qualified biomedical researchers to create experiments based on these newly-generated research questions, including the approaches suggested by the college student and the diabetes patient.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5de8\" id=\"5de8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Using a similar model, other foundations such as the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation \u003Ca href=\"http://www.sloan.org/fileadmin/media/files/goroff/smart_disclosure_research_and_demonstration_design_competition.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.sloan.org/fileadmin/media/files/goroff/smart_disclosure_research_and_demonstration_design_competition.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">awarded\u003C/a> $15,000 for good ideas for what to fund in connection with research for the White House Smart Disclosure Initiative. “Smart Disclosure” refers to creating tools to help consumers make better and safer decisions using data that government collects from companies and then publishes openly in machine-readable formats. The challenge asked people to answer five questions to help guide future Smart Disclosure research. Good proposals received between $5K and $15K dollars and did not require the submitter to implement the research. Rather, inspired by these suggestions, Sloan and Russell Sage plan on pursuing further grantmaking.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dbaa\" id=\"dbaa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The public sector has also begun replicating this model of separating idea generation in advance of grant implementation. In 2013, NSF held the\u003Ca href=\"http://www.nsf.gov/bio/bread/index.jsp\" data-href=\"http://www.nsf.gov/bio/bread/index.jsp\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Basic Research to Enable Agricultural Development (BREAD) Ideas Challenge\u003C/a> to get good ideas from diverse sources for grantmaking in the agricultural sciences, with a focus on improving the lives of millions of smallholder farmers in the developing world. Crucially, the submissions needed to be \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">challenges in need of solving\u003C/em>, rather than a solution to some pre-selected challenge. Examples of winning challenge ideas include: “Develop knowledge, methods, and tools to identify drought-productive microbiomes and facilitate their use by smallholder farmers” and “Develop means for ‘root swelling’ of small wild roots, leading the way to the creation of hundreds of new root crops that could improve the nutrition and incomes of developing world farmers.” In holding this competition, the NSF is both signaling its own interest in solving the problems it’s selected, and also using its convening power to convince others — including other funders — of the importance of these challenges.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e9b9\" id=\"e9b9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">While there is no formal evidence of impact from the BREAD challenge just yet, separating the “idea generation” from the “execution” phase potentially allows more diverse people to suggest ideas and inform how funding agencies frame later grant offerings, even if these first-round applicants may not be eligible for or interested in applying for subsequent funding.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"aa16\" id=\"aa16\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Do It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"200b\" id=\"200b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Diversity of iInput\u003C/strong>: The quality of grant design can determine the quality of grant applicants and recipients. Using “the crowd” to brainstorm offers a way to harness the knowledge, experience, and diversity of a broader group of people to make sure you’re answering the right questions and solving the right problems.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ec3b\" id=\"ec3b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Flexibility\u003C/strong>: This approach offers the flexibility to decide whether to engage those outside the organization in helping to design the grant through an open call to a broad public, or through targeted outreach to a specific audience.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5a05\" id=\"5a05\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Buzz\u003C/strong>: The publicity and outreach that go into crowdsourcing grant design can, in turn, generate enthusiasm about the grant (or its overarching goals) and attract more applicants.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"7498\" id=\"7498\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Not Do It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"c320\" id=\"c320\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Institutional Constraints\u003C/strong>: In circumstances where statutes, regulations, or bylaws tightly constrain a government entity’s or organization’s grantmaking activity, there may be insufficient room for outside applicants to shape the parameters of the grant call itself.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"59ea\" id=\"59ea\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Time\u003C/strong>: Crowdsourcing the grant design necessarily turns the grant into a two-stage process (the first focusing on problem-definition and the second on generating solutions), which may be inappropriate if time is of the essence.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"1472\" id=\"1472\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Click \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/innovations-pre-granting-improving-the-quality-of-applications-through-matchmaking-d52b76669fa\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/innovations-pre-granting-improving-the-quality-of-applications-through-matchmaking-d52b76669fa\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">here\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> for the next post in our series on innovations pre-granting, or head back to the \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">table of contents\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> for an at-a-glance look at the whole publication.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/innovations-pre-granting-ideation-challenges",{"title":3715,"description":3718},"innovations-pre-granting-ideation-challenges","blogposts/innovations-pre-granting-ideation-challenges","JXDrVH6chrmUDRzIRGvywraMUnRix_IRYEXZlrDcOT8",{"id":3728,"title":3729,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3730,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3731,"description":3732,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3729,"image":34,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3733,"meta":3734,"navigation":15,"path":3735,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3736,"slug":3737,"startTime":34,"stem":3738,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3739},"blogposts/blogposts/10-standardizing-reporting.json","10. Standardizing Reporting",[],"2015-07-17T19:16:45","Making Grant Data Useful","\n\u003Csection name=\"1f3d\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"c4eb\" id=\"c4eb\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">10. Standardizing Reporting\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"8a32\" id=\"8a32\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Making Grant Data Useful\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f86d\" id=\"f86d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This is the second of three posts in a series focusing on “post-judging” innovations in grantmaking. Other series in the publication look at specific types of innovations \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">before\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> and \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">during\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> the judging/awarding process. Our \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">introduction\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> to the publication explains the importance of open grantmaking innovations and why they matter for improving the legitimacy and effectiveness of grant-based public investments. Head back to the \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">table of contents\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> for an at-a-glance look at the whole publication.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"33a1\" id=\"33a1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">There is a growing awareness that even with the movement to make grantmaking data more open (which we describe in\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> a previous post), \u003C/strong>making this newly-available data useful will also requires better, more uniform data-reporting \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">standards\u003C/em>, such as unique identifiers for specific grantors, grantees, and specific projects. Achieving anything close to a unified reporting standard is easier said than done, though work toward that goal has thankfully begun within both the public and philanthropic sectors.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"86c7\" id=\"86c7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In 2014, President Obama signed the\u003Ca href=\"http://www.datacoalition.org/what-is-data-transparency/data-act/\" data-href=\"http://www.datacoalition.org/what-is-data-transparency/data-act/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> DATA Act\u003C/a>, which mandates that the federal government standardize the reporting of federal spending data. Although focused primarily on how \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">contracting\u003C/em> is reported, the statute provides the power for OMB and Treasury to set standards that could also apply to grants.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8770\" id=\"8770\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">On an international level, the\u003Ca href=\"http://www.open-contracting.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.open-contracting.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Open Contracting Partnership\u003C/a> is a global initiative working to secure international transparency commitments for all stages of government contracting. As an important component of its work, it has developed a\u003Ca href=\"http://www.open-contracting.org/open_contracting_data_standards\" data-href=\"http://www.open-contracting.org/open_contracting_data_standards\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> standard\u003C/a> to make published contracting data more uniform and usable. When others can easily discover and manipulate data about what activities are funded in a given region or domain, this has the potential to avoid duplication of investment, decrease fraud and abuse, and enable better analysis of impact.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9ec2\" id=\"9ec2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The public sector, though, generally lags behind the NGO sector in adopting data reporting standards for grants and evaluations. The\u003Ca href=\"http://www.aidtransparency.net/\" data-href=\"http://www.aidtransparency.net/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> International Aid Transparency Initiative\u003C/a> (IATI), for instance, endeavors to systematize the reporting of aid and development spending data. As they \u003Ca href=\"http://www.aidtransparency.net/about\" data-href=\"http://www.aidtransparency.net/about\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">describe\u003C/a> it, “Organisations implement IATI by publishing their aid information in IATI’s agreed electronic format (XML) — usually on their website — before linking it to the IATI Registry. The Registry acts as an online catalogue and index of links to all of the raw data published to the IATI Standard.” This model may prove useful as governments work to set standards for their own grant reporting. (Do you have relevant information to share regarding inter-agency reporting standards for grants within the U.S., or successful efforts to standardize reporting within other governments? Any particular challenges facing the existing initiatives we’ve mentioned? Let us know?)\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8e45\" id=\"8e45\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A further challenge to greater transparency about grant funding (as with contracts) is the absence of a common taxonomy for describing the underlying entities and organizations themselves. (To put it differently: it’s difficult to report on financial flows between agency A and organization B when there is no agreed-on way to name or describe agency A or organization B.) There is already underway an international, multi-stakeholder\u003Ca href=\"http://www.sifma.org/uploadedfiles/issues/technology_and_operations/legal_entity_identifier/lei-global-calls.pdf?n=07707\" data-href=\"http://www.sifma.org/uploadedfiles/issues/technology_and_operations/legal_entity_identifier/lei-global-calls.pdf?n=07707\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> effort\u003C/a> to establish legal-entity identifiers (LEIs) in the financial services sector. The\u003Ca href=\"http://www.marketsforgood.org/bridge-to-somewhere-a-conversation-with-global-giving-guidestar-the-foundation-center-and-techsoup-global/\" data-href=\"http://www.marketsforgood.org/bridge-to-somewhere-a-conversation-with-global-giving-guidestar-the-foundation-center-and-techsoup-global/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> BRIDGE project\u003C/a>, funded by the Gates Foundation, is an acronym for Basic Registry of Identified Global Entities. BRIDGE aims to assign a unique ID to every NGO to make open data about grants more easily analyzable. A related effort called\u003Ca href=\"http://orcid.org/\" data-href=\"http://orcid.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> ORCID\u003C/a>, which assigns unique identities to researchers, is similarly designed to ensure that data about grantmaking translates into improved understanding of downstream impact.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d7c1\" id=\"d7c1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The sheer number of initiative mentioned above makes clear that a critical mass of interest in data standardization exists. But coordinating among these various actors, and ensuring that they do not end up at cross purposes, will be crucial.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"49db\" id=\"49db\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Summary: \u003C/strong>In order to make open grantmaking data more useful, it is important to develop more uniform reporting standards for grantors and grantees alike.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cbc9\" id=\"cbc9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Do It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"996f\" id=\"996f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Signal, Not Noise\u003C/strong>: With standardizing reporting categories, grantors and third parties will have greater ability to compare activities, outputs, and impacts across different sorts of grants.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"21e1\" id=\"21e1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Ease of Reporting\u003C/strong>: With pre-defined categories, there is less guesswork for grantees in knowing how to report to funders.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"c0da\" id=\"c0da\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Not Do It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"7dfb\" id=\"7dfb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Stifling Creativity\u003C/strong>: Just as metrics cannot always be standardized, rigidly defining reporting categories can artificially constrain grantees and the activities they undertake.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b7ac\" id=\"b7ac\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Compliance Burden\u003C/strong>: Box-ticking exercises take time and resources away from core activities.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"19bd\" id=\"19bd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Click \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/open-access-a4b2594af2ec\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/open-access-a4b2594af2ec\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">here\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> for the next post in our series on post-judging innovations, or head back to the table of contents for an at-a-glance look at the whole publication.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/10-standardizing-reporting",{"title":3729,"description":3732},"10-standardizing-reporting","blogposts/10-standardizing-reporting","SfzI5aCMxnS8mYZRQeJyiYg9nV-uCM7jhju54pgfMUM",{"id":3741,"title":3742,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3743,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3744,"description":3745,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3742,"image":3746,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3747,"meta":3748,"navigation":15,"path":3749,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3750,"slug":3751,"startTime":34,"stem":3752,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3753},"blogposts/blogposts/8-open-alternatives-to-grants.json","8. Open Alternatives to Grants",[],"2015-07-17T18:32:13","Crowdfunding, Micro-Payments, and Prize-Backed Challenges","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/400/1*tK-ylJAx0wPjENLrCcqY7g.jpeg","\n\u003Csection name=\"5229\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cfigure name=\"1e33\" id=\"1e33\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--layoutInsetLeft graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*tK-ylJAx0wPjENLrCcqY7g.jpeg\" data-width=\"271\" data-height=\"186\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/400/1*tK-ylJAx0wPjENLrCcqY7g.jpeg\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch3 name=\"297a\" id=\"297a\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--leading graf--title\">8. Open Alternatives to Grants\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"102f\" id=\"102f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Crowdfunding, Micro-Payments, and Prize-Backed Challenges\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9ed4\" id=\"9ed4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This is the fourth of four posts in a series focusing on innovations in judging and awarding grants. Other series in the publication look at specific types of innovations \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">before\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> and \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">after\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> the selection process. Our \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">introduction\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> to the publication explains the importance of open grantmaking innovations and why they matter for improving the legitimacy and effectiveness of grant-based public investments. Head back to the \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">table of contents\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> for an at-a-glance look at the whole publication.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8140\" id=\"8140\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.crowdsnyustern.com/\" data-href=\"http://www.crowdsnyustern.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Crowdfunding\u003C/a>, whereby would-be grantees raise funds to support their projects from distributed donors, uses openness and collaboration to circumvent the centralized grantmaking process altogether. Sites like Kickstarer, Indiegogo, and\u003Ca href=\"http://www.crowdfunding.com/\" data-href=\"http://www.crowdfunding.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> more\u003C/a> make the grants process radically participatory.\u003Ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micropayment\" data-href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micropayment\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Micro-payment platforms\u003C/a> like Flattr radically distribute the process even further down the long tail by enabling large numbers of people to support philanthropic efforts with very small donations, rather than the larger contributions possible on crowdfunding sites. Microlenders, such as Kiva.org, similarly pool small-scale loans to entrepreneurs and students in poor communities. These models suggest ways that government agencies could use its convening power to harness more broad-based sources of funds, ideas, and judgment.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"420e\" id=\"420e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Prize-backed challenges also present an alternative mechanism to fund innovation in lieu of traditional grants. In 2010, President Obama, in his\u003Ca href=\"http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/uploads/InnovationStrategy.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/uploads/InnovationStrategy.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Strategy for American Innovation\u003C/a>, called on all U.S. government agencies to increase their use of prizes and challenges to address the most pressing problems facing the United States. Subsequently, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) issued a\u003Ca href=\"http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/assets/memoranda_2010/m10-11.pdf\" data-href=\"http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/assets/memoranda_2010/m10-11.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> policy framework\u003C/a> to guide agencies in using prizes to mobilize “American ingenuity.” Taking up the call, the General Services Administration (GSA) launched\u003Ca href=\"https://www.challenge.gov/\" data-href=\"https://www.challenge.gov/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Challenge.gov\u003C/a>, a one-stop shop where entrepreneurs and citizen-solvers have had the chance to participate in over 400 of these public-sector prize competitions run by a wide range of government agencies.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"01af\" id=\"01af\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The philanthropic sector has also begun to explore prize-backed challenges. The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA), for instance, used a $100,000 prize to challenge shelters to save more animal lives over a three-month period than they had over the same time period in the previous year. The impetus for this prize lay in a growing recognition that animal adoption had seemingly peaked and existing adoption-promotion techniques had not evolved sufficiently. Since its inception, the ASPCA’s\u003Ca href=\"http://www.grantcraft.org/case-studies/paws-up-for-philanthropic-prizes\" data-href=\"http://www.grantcraft.org/case-studies/paws-up-for-philanthropic-prizes\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Rachael Ray $100K challenge\u003C/a> has not only saved over 280,000 animals from euthanasia, but has also led shelters to develop new and effective approaches to animal “foster care,” in which providers take temporary custody of animals and become responsible for finding them permanent homes. As this example shows, prize-backed challenges can both help generate innovative new ideas and inspire performance improvements among service providers.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5226\" id=\"5226\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">These sorts of challenges, in turn, rely on crowdsourcing to engage more people in supplying novel ideas to tackle a problem. Stefaan Verhulst and Andrew Young of the GovLab\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@sverhulst/governing-through-prizes-and-challenges-677f3ef861d1\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@sverhulst/governing-through-prizes-and-challenges-677f3ef861d1\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\"> write\u003C/a> that “prizes and challenges allow governments to establish ambitious goals without having to predict which individual, team or approach is most likely to succeed (thus reducing the riskiness of funding decisions at the outset), and to stimulate private-sector investment that is potentially much greater in value than the prize amount itself.” However, the promise of prize-backed challenges over grants-incorporating-crowdsourcing comes not only from widening the pool of potential problem solvers, but also from the absence of statutory requirements.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ac8d\" id=\"ac8d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Crowdfunding, micro-payments, and prize-backed challenges all open up the possibility for organizational funders to steer applicants toward these new platforms and processes as an alternative or supplement to institutionalized grantmaking (or procurement). But in the many contexts in which grantmaking is required by statute and subject to a defined statutory framework, the flexible and participatory techniques used in challenges could still be incorporated to attract more diverse and innovative solutions.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"df6a\" id=\"df6a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Summary: \u003C/strong>Through crowdfunding, micro-payments, and prize-backed challenges, government can use its convening power to harness more broad-based sources of funds and collaborate with private sector partners to fund innovation in new ways and problem-solving ideas.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a8cf\" id=\"a8cf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Do It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"04a2\" id=\"04a2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Cost-Efficiency\u003C/strong>: Crowdsourcing could provide a “force multiplier” for government to advertise and attract outside “micro-sponsors” for its own grantee projects. This could be especially attractive in an era of funding constraints.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"cd00\" id=\"cd00\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Community\u003C/strong>: When government requires attracting community contributions to match its grantmaking efforts, it increases the odds that grant recipients are providing relevant services for their communities.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"c76d\" id=\"c76d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Not Do It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"54f7\" id=\"54f7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Legal Constraints\u003C/strong>: Statutes may constrain he extent to which government can solicit or incorporate outside funds for its grantee projects.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3f48\" id=\"3f48\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Legitimacy\u003C/strong>: Private sponsorship can erode or be perceived to erode the public-mindedness of grantmaking efforts and the projects they fund.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"fca5\" id=\"fca5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Click \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/opening-data-about-grants-grantors-and-grantees-63ec15940423\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/opening-data-about-grants-grantors-and-grantees-63ec15940423\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">here\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\"> for the next post, which begins our series on post-judging grantmaking innovations. Or head back to the table of contents for an at-a-glance look at the whole publication.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/8-open-alternatives-to-grants",{"title":3742,"description":3745},"8-open-alternatives-to-grants","blogposts/8-open-alternatives-to-grants","lSY0VdMtmEbQNnN4DPffQOczjNg7jfZ1bbvpNg3M1LU",{"id":3755,"title":3756,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3757,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3758,"description":3759,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3756,"image":34,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3760,"meta":3761,"navigation":15,"path":3762,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3763,"slug":3764,"startTime":34,"stem":3765,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3766},"blogposts/blogposts/innovations-pre-granting-prioritizing-bottom-up-participation.json","Innovations Pre-Granting: Prioritizing Bottom-Up Participation",[],"2015-07-17T17:32:46","Using Distributed Participants to Improve Agility and Impact","\n\u003Csection name=\"9d8a\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"4f07\" id=\"4f07\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Innovations Pre-Granting: Prioritizing Bottom-Up Participation\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"366e\" id=\"366e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Using Distributed Participants to Improve Agility and Impact\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"90cd\" id=\"90cd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This is the third of three posts in a series focusing on grantmaking innovations “pre-judging.” Other series in the publication look at specific types of innovations \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">during\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> and \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">after\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> the awarding process. Our \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/introduction-to-open-grantmaking-9301089a8780#.qoh1b738c\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/introduction-to-open-grantmaking-9301089a8780#.qoh1b738c\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">introduction\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> to the publication explains the importance of open grantmaking innovations and why they matter for improving the legitimacy and effectiveness of grant-based public investments. Head back to the \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">table of contents\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">for an at-a-glance look at the whole publication.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"e3ee\" id=\"e3ee\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">Summary: \u003C/strong>From environmental monitoring to collaborative art spaces, social innovation projects are increasingly harnessing the power and creativity of bottom-up participation. In order to break out of the traditional top-down approach to solving public problems, government agencies may consider making bottom-up participation (e.g. a scientist engaging non-professionals in data gathering) a condition of funding in some instances.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"c527\" id=\"c527\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">As economist Friedrich Hayek wrote in 1945, “the knowledge of the circumstances of which we must make use never exists in concentrated or integrated form.”[v] Networks enable institutions of all types to quickly and efficiently access the wealth of knowledge, creativity, insight, and enthusiasm that is out there in the wider society. This is perhaps nowhere more evidenced than when researchers find ways to tap into broad networks of non-professional contributors.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1edf\" id=\"1edf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">There are estimated to be one hundred billion galaxies in the observable universe, each containing billions of stars. For many years, deep-view telescopes like the Hubble Space Telescope have recorded images of the Milky Way and other galaxies to help us understand how galaxies form. The volume of data that has resulted is enormous. After more than 20 years in orbit, Hubble alone has recorded over one million data points. In 2007, to begin to translate this raw information into useful scientific knowledge, the scientists at NASA launched\u003Ca href=\"http://www.galaxyzoo.org/?utm_source=Zooniverse%20Home&utm_medium=Web&utm_campaign=Homepage%20Catalogue\" data-href=\"http://www.galaxyzoo.org/?utm_source=Zooniverse%20Home&utm_medium=Web&utm_campaign=Homepage%20Catalogue\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Zooniverse\u003C/a>, turning to “citizen scientists” — volunteer hobbyists, amateur science buffs, and space enthusiasts — to classify the images according to their shape: elliptical, spiral, lenticular, irregular. This information, in turn, illuminates the age of the galaxy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d600\" id=\"d600\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In contrast to Zooniverse, where amateurs assist professional scientists, \u003Ca href=\"http://publiclab.org/\" data-href=\"http://publiclab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Public Laboratory for Open Technology and Science (Public Lab)\u003C/a> dubs itself a “Civic Science” project. Public Lab views citizens not as mere amanuenses, but as field scientists fully capable in their own right. In one project, it provides tools to help people make maps and aerial images of environmental conditions using balloons and kites. These sorts of “grassroots mapping” projects have been used to contest official maps. In 2010, for instance, members of an informal settlement in Lima, Peru, \u003Ca href=\"http://grassrootsmapping.org/tag/lima/\" data-href=\"http://grassrootsmapping.org/tag/lima/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">developed maps\u003C/a> of their community as evidence of their habitation. On the Gulf Coast of the United States, \u003Ca href=\"http://grassrootsmapping.org/gulf-oil-spill/\" data-href=\"http://grassrootsmapping.org/gulf-oil-spill/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">locally-produced maps\u003C/a> of oil spillage are being used to document damage that is underreported by company or government officials.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d1dd\" id=\"d1dd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Similarly, Ureport, an SMS reporting tool, mobilized 300,000 volunteers across Uganda to spot the\u003Ca href=\"http://www.theguardian.com/global-development-professionals-network/2015/feb/11/open-data-how-mobile-phones-saved-bananas-from-bacterial-wilt-in-uganda\" data-href=\"http://www.theguardian.com/global-development-professionals-network/2015/feb/11/open-data-how-mobile-phones-saved-bananas-from-bacterial-wilt-in-uganda\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> problem of banana bacterial wilt\u003C/a>, a scourge affecting the country’s most important crop. Within five days of the first text message going out, 190,000 Ugandans had gotten notice of the disease and how to save bananas on their farms. In recognition of the potential of this sort of approach, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), has also experimented with\u003Ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/citizenscience/grants.html\" data-href=\"http://www.epa.gov/citizenscience/grants.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> awarding grants for citizen science\u003C/a> projects such as community-led air and water monitoring initiatives.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5fc7\" id=\"5fc7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The integration of community participation into grantees’ work product has not been limited to scientific research. Through its\u003Ca href=\"https://www.irvine.org/arts/who-we-fund/exploring-engagement-fund\" data-href=\"https://www.irvine.org/arts/who-we-fund/exploring-engagement-fund\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Exploring Engagement Fund\u003C/a>, the California-based James Irvine Foundation awards funds to community arts initiatives that “aim to engage new and diverse populations by adding active participation opportunities for participants and/or incorporating the use of nontraditional arts spaces.” This fund provides an example of how specific project criteria can help grant dollars go beyond the scope of a given project or organization, helping build both capacity and community that could outlast the grant itself.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"800e\" id=\"800e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">These examples suggest not only a future in which more grants might be awarded to non-professionals, but also the possibility of changing grant policy to \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">require\u003C/em> engagement with citizen-amateurs as a condition of funding. It is conceivable to imagine making citizen engagement — including involving citizens in measuring, monitoring, and policing on-the-ground conditions such as environmental indicators, prices, or when and where services have or have not been delivered — a precondition or at least a plus point for successful proposals in a variety of contexts. Using amateur participants to engage in distributed “sensing” of conditions is already improving feedback loops in scientific context, and could very well be fruitfully incorporated into grantmaking more systematically.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7df3\" id=\"7df3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Summary: \u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">From environmental monitoring to collaborative art spaces, social innovation projects are increasingly harnessing the power and creativity of bottom-up participation. In order to break out of the traditional top-down approach to solving public problems, government agencies may consider making bottom-up participation (e.g. a scientist engaging non-professionals in data gathering) a condition of funding in some instances.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7a3f\" id=\"7a3f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Do It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"44c3\" id=\"44c3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Ear to the ground\u003C/strong>: Bottom-up participation creates an important channel for people to stay in close touch with needs, ideas, and views of the communities they serve. This, in turn, makes it less likely that publicly-funded projects will be received as white elephants.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3fb6\" id=\"3fb6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Efficiency\u003C/strong>: For projects requiring monitoring or mapping over a vast expanse of space or long period of time, tight government budgets can severely limit the amount of ground that can be covered. Making crowds an integral part of grantee work (e.g. citizen scientists helping to spot an invasive species or signs of a plant disease) can maximize the bang for the buck that government projects generate.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"4d6e\" id=\"4d6e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Not Do It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"2031\" id=\"2031\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Expertise\u003C/strong>: Highly-technical projects requiring all participants to have a particular skill-set may not be amenable to widespread bottom-up participation.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a877\" id=\"a877\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Community-building is hard\u003C/strong>: The skills needed to achieve the goals of the grant might not be commensurate with the skills needed to organize and maintain a community of participants.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"bf4b\" id=\"bf4b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">Click \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/open-peer-review-and-participatory-judging-ca672fe0f469\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/open-peer-review-and-participatory-judging-ca672fe0f469\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a> for the next post, which begins our series on innovations in the judging and awarding of grants. Or head back to the \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">table of contents\u003C/a> for an at-a-glance look at the whole publication.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/innovations-pre-granting-prioritizing-bottom-up-participation",{"title":3756,"description":3759},"innovations-pre-granting-prioritizing-bottom-up-participation","blogposts/innovations-pre-granting-prioritizing-bottom-up-participation","mqiPI3IeDWNQ6SqFcLJPTYcsjST4Nj0IjE2S5pK1S7w",{"id":3768,"title":3769,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3770,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3771,"description":3772,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3769,"image":34,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3773,"meta":3774,"navigation":15,"path":3775,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3776,"slug":3777,"startTime":34,"stem":3778,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3779},"blogposts/blogposts/innovations-pre-granting-improving-the-quality-of-applications-through-matchmaking.json","Innovations Pre-Granting: Improving the Quality of Applications through Matchmaking",[],"2015-07-17T17:24:58","Helping Complementary Applicants Find Each Other","\n\u003Csection name=\"3657\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"1504\" id=\"1504\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Innovations Pre-Granting: Improving the Quality of Applications through Matchmaking\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"c2e2\" id=\"c2e2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">Helping Complementary Applicants Find Each Other\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"214b\" id=\"214b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">This is the second of three posts in a series focusing on grantmaking innovations “pre-judging.” Other series in the publication look at specific types of innovations \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">during\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> and \u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">after\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> the awarding process. Our \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/introduction-to-open-grantmaking-9301089a8780#.qoh1b738c\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/@TheGovLab/introduction-to-open-grantmaking-9301089a8780#.qoh1b738c\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">introduction\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> to the publication explains the importance of open grantmaking innovations and why they matter for improving the legitimacy and effectiveness of grant-based public investments. Head back to the \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">table of contents\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">for an at-a-glance look at the whole publication.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"82a9\" id=\"82a9\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">Summary: \u003C/strong>Online matchmaking tools can help connect grant applicants with potential partners who have complementary expertise or who might otherwise strengthen their application by joining it.\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"8e1f\" id=\"8e1f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">Although relatively new, “matchmaking” has emerged as a method for potentially improving the quality of grant applications. With this approach, grantmaking institutions can use online tools to connect grant applicants with potential partners who might strengthen their applications or join forces in their eventual projects.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4ada\" id=\"4ada\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In the United States, a key example of matchmaking is a joint 2010 effort by the Department of Commerce and Department of Agriculture to award $7.2 billion stimulus dollars for broadband deployment grants. To improve the quality of grant proposals and promote collaboration between large companies and small community groups, they set up Broadbandmatch.gov, an\u003Ca href=\"http://www.govtech.com/wireless/Like-Matchcom-Feds-Launch-BroadbandMatch.html\" data-href=\"http://www.govtech.com/wireless/Like-Matchcom-Feds-Launch-BroadbandMatch.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> online tool to allow potential grant applicants to find partners\u003C/a> with complementary expertise. Conceived as part of the Obama Administration’s \u003Ca href=\"http://www.whitehouse.gov/open\" data-href=\"http://www.whitehouse.gov/open\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Open Government Initiative\u003C/a>, the tool enabled applicants and would-be partners to see not only which small and minority-owned companies might supply goods or services for their projects, but also which nonprofit organizations, educational institutions, and state and municipal governments working to improve broadband access and digital literacy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6d81\" id=\"6d81\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"http://www.ntia.doc.gov/blog/2010/connecting-broadbandmatch\" data-href=\"http://www.ntia.doc.gov/blog/2010/connecting-broadbandmatch\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">During the first weeks of use leading up to the next application deadline\u003C/a>, “Over 1,500 organizations established profiles on the website, including hundreds of community anchor institutions like libraries and community colleges, hundreds more Internet service providers, dozens of small and minority-owned for-profit businesses, over 100 states or municipalities, as well as various technology vendors, public safety institutions, venture capital firms, and tribal entities.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"31d6\" id=\"31d6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In Europe, the North Atlantic Tourism Association (NATA), which uses grants to support tourism and cultural-exchange projects in Greenland, Iceland, and the Faroe Islands, also offers applicants the opportunity to find each other via a \u003Ca href=\"http://www.northatlantic-islands.com/nata-grants/project-matchmaking.html\" data-href=\"http://www.northatlantic-islands.com/nata-grants/project-matchmaking.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">matchmaking tool\u003C/a>. As they describe it, “Our new partner database provides opportunities for people who have exciting tourism development ideas to link up. If you have a project that requires partnership in one or both of the other participating countries, this is the perfect way to find the right people who can help you make it happen.” In fact, it is a \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">requirement for funding \u003C/strong>that projects involve at least two of three countries under NATA’s jurisdiction, making the tool of central importance for assembling a successful application.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"91c4\" id=\"91c4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In a variation on this matchmaking concept, projects like \u003Ca href=\"http://www.c40.org/\" data-href=\"http://www.c40.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">C40\u003C/a> convene the world’s forty largest megacities to exchange best practices and cooperate on reducing greenhouse gas emissions. By creating an intermediary and convenor, the cities have been able to identify and invest in doing what works. This is another instance of a convening organization helping practitioners find and learn from each other.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a02f\" id=\"a02f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Examples of matchmaking for grant applicants as such are, as of yet, somewhat few and far between. But that’s partly why we want to draw attention to these exciting first movers! One notable example started in 2004, when the VNA Foundation and Michael Reese Health Trust convened about 50 people from agencies that specifically provided health care for homeless community members. After about the third convening, the funders bowed out and the agencies continued to meet regularly. There was a direct outcome: several of the member agencies eventually banded together to form the West Side Collaborative, a group with a newly honed strategy to tackle the issues that formed the basis of the convenings, which the VNA Foundation later funded.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6b36\" id=\"6b36\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">If you know of other public-sector, private-sector, or philanthropic grants that make use of applicant-to-applicant matchmaking, we want to hear about it. Feel free to share your examples with us either through in-line annotations or a reply at the bottom of this post.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8ec7\" id=\"8ec7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Summary: \u003C/strong>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Online matchmaking tools can help connect grant applicants with potential partners who have complementary expertise or who might otherwise strengthen their application by joining it.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5679\" id=\"5679\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Do It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"8064\" id=\"8064\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Applicant quality\u003C/strong>: Matchmaking can help improve applicant quality by allowing well-rounded teams or partnerships to form from complementary individuals/groups that might otherwise not have found each other.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e792\" id=\"e792\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Idea quality: \u003C/strong>Bringing together individuals and groups with complementary skills and experiences has the potential to yield better idea outcomes.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d713\" id=\"d713\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Capacity building\u003C/strong>: Matchmaking tools can also address equity and capacity-building concerns. Applicants with a strong need or compelling case to be awarded a particular grant may not always be best-placed to meet certain technical or other requirements. These tools can help connect them with potential partners to strengthen their applications.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"b063\" id=\"b063\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why Not Do It:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"10c3\" id=\"10c3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Confidentiality\u003C/strong>: Where confidentiality of applicants or their submission materials is an issue, this tool would perhaps be less appropriate.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d2c6\" id=\"d2c6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Too many cooks\u003C/strong>: In situations where the grantmaking entity prefers working with individuals or smaller groups, it may be preferable to limit the size of “teams” in the applicant pool.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"597a\" id=\"597a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">Click \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/requiring-bottom-up-participation-d2a9f0f30b7e\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/requiring-bottom-up-participation-d2a9f0f30b7e\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003C/a> for the next post in our series on innovations pre-judging, or head back to the \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">table of contents\u003C/a> for an at-a-glance look at the whole publication.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/innovations-pre-granting-improving-the-quality-of-applications-through-matchmaking",{"title":3769,"description":3772},"innovations-pre-granting-improving-the-quality-of-applications-through-matchmaking","blogposts/innovations-pre-granting-improving-the-quality-of-applications-through-matchmaking","_FqNTu3Mvtiekfz1DNzyTY941LXcmR2KOzyPFY_HtIM",{"id":3781,"title":3782,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3783,"body":34,"category":34,"date":3784,"description":3785,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3782,"image":3786,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3787,"meta":3788,"navigation":15,"path":3789,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3790,"slug":3791,"startTime":34,"stem":3792,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3793},"blogposts/blogposts/introduction-to-open-and-effective-grantmaking.json","Introduction to Open and Effective Grantmaking",[],"2015-07-17T17:04:16","What It Is, Why It Matters","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/2560/1*mezHRM6HLN5bPrpPzPH_uA.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"e95e\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--fullWidth\">\u003Cfigure name=\"9b89\" id=\"9b89\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--layoutFillWidth graf--leading\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*mezHRM6HLN5bPrpPzPH_uA.png\" data-width=\"2667\" data-height=\"1001\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/2560/1*mezHRM6HLN5bPrpPzPH_uA.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch2 name=\"ab1b\" id=\"ab1b\" class=\"graf graf--h2 graf-after--figure graf--title\">Introduction to Open and Effective Grantmaking\u003C/h2>\u003Cp name=\"bdaf\" id=\"bdaf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h2\">What It Is, Why It Matters\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"93c5\" id=\"93c5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Of its $4.1 trillion dollar fiscal year 2016 budget, the U.S. federal government and its grantmaking agencies will give out billions of dollars in the form of grants to states, localities, and individuals, supporting a dizzying array of activities, from scientific research and economic development to arts, culture, and education.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d932\" id=\"d932\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Unlike contracts — where government gives a business or organization X dollars in exchange for a specific product or service defined in advance — grants generally provide greater flexibility for the recipient to decide how, precisely, to use the funds to advance a particular goal. As the U.S. federal government \u003Ca href=\"http://www.grants.gov/web/grants/learn-grants/grants-101.html\" data-href=\"http://www.grants.gov/web/grants/learn-grants/grants-101.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defines\u003C/a> it, “A grant is a way the government funds your ideas and projects to provide public services and stimulate the economy.” When invested well, such grant funding has the power to yield cutting-edge research and innovation, create jobs, deepen the impact that state and local organizations have in their communities, and support smart solutions to hard problems.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6432\" id=\"6432\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Grantmaking, in short, plays a vital role in helping our government, our researchers, and our communities confront 21st-century challenges. Yet we still have a decidedly 20th-century system in place for deciding how we make these billions of dollars of crucial investments. In order to make the most of limited funding — and to help build confidence in the ability of public investments to make a positive difference — it is essential for our government agencies to try more strategic approaches to designing, awarding, and measuring their grantmaking.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5e64\" id=\"5e64\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">That is the sort of change we hope to advance with this publication on innovations in public grantmaking. But, as we will explain in more detail below, we will also \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">need your help\u003C/strong> to define the contours of a more open, effective paradigm of grantmaking and public problem-solving.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0c93\" id=\"0c93\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The System We Have Now — and the System We Could Have\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4007\" id=\"4007\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In most instances, grantmaking by government agencies follows a familiar lifecycle: the agency describes and publicizes the grant in a public call for proposals; qualifying individuals or entities send in applications; and the agencies select their winners through internal deliberations. Members of the public — including outside experts, past grantees, and service recipients in the community — often have few opportunities to provide input before, during, or after the judging process. After awarding grants, the agencies themselves usually have limited continuing interactions with those they fund.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"933b\" id=\"933b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The current system, to be sure, developed for a number of reasons. In an effort to safeguard the legitimacy and fairness of the grantmaking process, agencies have traditionally conducted grantmaking strictly behind closed doors. From application to judging, most government grantmaking processes have been confidential and at arm’s length. For statutory, regulatory, or even cultural reasons, the grantmaking process in many agencies is characterized by caution rather than by creativity.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8962\" id=\"8962\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">But it doesn’t have to be this way. Innovators in government, philanthropy, and private sector companies have begun to experiment with greater transparency and collaboration at all stages of grantmaking. Perhaps counter-intuitively, these innovations in “open grantmaking” have the potential to yield more legitimate and more accountable processes than their closed-door antecedents. These processes, in turn, have the potential to result in more creative strategies for solving problems, and ultimately, more effective outcomes, including greater economic growth.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"87b4\" id=\"87b4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Encouragingly, the federal government has begun to take note. Since the White House organized a \u003Ca href=\"http://casefoundation.org/resource/promoting-innovation/\" data-href=\"http://casefoundation.org/resource/promoting-innovation/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">conference on open grantmaking, prizes, and challenges in 2010\u003C/a>, experiments in open grantmaking have indeed proliferated. But there has been no systematic policy adoption of these techniques. The global mandate for transparency and open government data, as well as the adoption of alternative funding mechanisms to complement traditional grants and contracts (such as prize-backed challenges), makes the time especially ripe for more systemic change. Our hope is to encourage the broader adoption of open and innovative grantmaking practices, the incorporation of these practices into policy, and a more sustained empirical assessment of their impact.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"db1d\" id=\"db1d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">What This Publication Series Will Cover\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0d0a\" id=\"0d0a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Open and effective grantmaking innovations can take many forms, including techniques that:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"4e63\" id=\"4e63\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">enable broader and more diverse groups of people to participate\u003C/strong>, with the aim of bringing greater expertise and creativity into the process;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"68a8\" id=\"68a8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">mandate more transparency\u003C/strong>, with the aim of improving accountability; and\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"30b5\" id=\"30b5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">incorporate greater use of data and evidence\u003C/strong>, with the aim of evolving the design of the grant and informing future judging decisions.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"4e12\" id=\"4e12\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">Often, innovative grantmaking processes will combine more than one technique, such as the use of bottom-up crowdsourcing to engage people in gathering data about what’s working on the ground. Throughout this publication, we will take a closer look at several such categories of open grantmaking innovations, organized chronologically along the lifecycle of the grantmaking process. In our following posts, we will focus on \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">innovations pre-granting\u003C/strong>, \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">innovations in judging and awarding grant funds, \u003C/strong>and \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">innovations post-granting\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8c7e\" id=\"8c7e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For each type of innovation, we will explore a selection of examples from across the public, private, and philanthropic sectors, as well as their particular advantages and potential drawbacks. Certainly, not every innovation is appropriate for every agency or every grant. But all grantmaking agencies could benefit by taking a long, hard look at their existing procedures and determining how best to modernize and improve them. This publication will provide practitioners throughout government a menu of options to learn from — and some important issues to consider — as they decide how to do so.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d9b9\" id=\"d9b9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Over the coming weeks, we also hope to include additional posts from practitioners themselves, as well as from our readers!\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c74b\" id=\"c74b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Why We Need You\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f916\" id=\"f916\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As the editors of this publication, our aim is to gather and curate information about open and effective grantmaking innovations, analyze their potential uses, and encourage their adoption where appropriate. On all three counts, we need your help!\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"461d\" id=\"461d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Information: \u003C/strong>Are there categories of grantmaking innovations we’ve missed? Examples in the public, private, or philanthropic sectors you think we should know about? Let us know! (To be clear: We are interested in both “positive” case studies \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">and\u003C/em> those that demonstrate the obstacles or challenges associated with particular grantmaking innovations.) Feel free to contribute either through an in-line annotation or a full-fledged reply at the bottom of any of the posts. Where you reference outside information, links or references would be greatly appreciated.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a000\" id=\"a000\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Analysis: \u003C/strong>In our posts, we attempt not only to describe open grantmaking innovations, but also to analyze their potential value propositions, their pros and cons, etc. To the extent that you agree or disagree with our analysis, or simply have an additional point to add, we’re all ears! Again, we’d welcome input on our posts either through in-line annotations or longer replies at the bottom. We recognize that that a grantmaking body’s decision to adopt particular innovations must be tailored to the goals, capabilities, and legal frameworks underlying their activities, and your analytical insights will allow us (and them) to more fully understand this sort of decision calculus.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7d06\" id=\"7d06\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Advocacy: \u003C/strong>We would like for this publication to become the opening salvo in an ongoing conversation both with our readers and with the broader community of grantmaking practitioners and policymakers. If you share our belief that grantmaking innovations hold great potential, ought to be more widely adopted, and need to be studied more thoroughly, please help spread the word by forwarding this publication. We are also interested in any recommendations you might have for future authors — and if you yourself would like to contribute a post, please don’t hesitate to get in touch.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"c89a\" id=\"c89a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">Over the next few posts, we will attempt to sketch out the range and potential impact of open and effective grantmaking innovations at all stages of the process. The first post (available on Monday, January 11th) begins a series of three stories on innovations before\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>the judging/awarding process even begins.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fa9c\" id=\"fa9c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">With your help, the conversation we start with this publication could begin building a broader case for putting them into practice throughout our government. After incorporating your input on these posts, we will release this publication in partnership with \u003Ca href=\"http://www.grantcraft.org\" data-href=\"http://www.grantcraft.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">GrantCraft\u003C/a>, a service of \u003Ca href=\"http://foundationcenter.org\" data-href=\"http://foundationcenter.org\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Foundation Center\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3a99\" id=\"3a99\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Next Posts in the Series:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"e626\" id=\"e626\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/innovations-pre-judging-ideation-challenges-c8c08f103225#.yvi3zr3fj\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/innovations-pre-judging-ideation-challenges-c8c08f103225#.yvi3zr3fj\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">Innovations Pre-Granting: Ideation Challenges\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ef07\" id=\"ef07\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/innovations-pre-granting-improving-the-quality-of-applications-through-matchmaking-d52b76669fa#.6jtrfcylr\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/innovations-pre-granting-improving-the-quality-of-applications-through-matchmaking-d52b76669fa#.6jtrfcylr\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">Innovations Pre-Granting: Improving the Quality of Applications through Matchmaking\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c51b\" id=\"c51b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/innovations-pre-granting-prioritizing-bottom-up-participation-c9cd748672a#.h2kkasc5z\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/open-grantmaking-innovations/innovations-pre-granting-prioritizing-bottom-up-participation-c9cd748672a#.h2kkasc5z\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">Innovations Pre-Granting: Prioritizing Bottom-Up Participation\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/introduction-to-open-and-effective-grantmaking",{"title":3782,"description":3785},"introduction-to-open-and-effective-grantmaking","blogposts/introduction-to-open-and-effective-grantmaking","92ZrL11W4CHRtPj07MAaKNCmbJFxvlYP7vABOz31rP0",{"id":3795,"title":3796,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3797,"body":34,"category":34,"date":34,"description":3798,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3796,"image":34,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3799,"meta":3800,"navigation":15,"path":3801,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3802,"slug":3803,"startTime":34,"stem":3804,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3805},"blogposts/blogposts/data4covid19-data4covid19-is-a-series-of-projects-undertaken-by-the-govlab-with-partners-such.json","Data4COVID19: #Data4COVID19 is a series of projects undertaken by The GovLab with partners such",[],"A Call for Action Toward Building the Data Infrastructure and Ecosystem We Need to Tackle Pandemics and Other Dynamic Societal and…","\n\u003Csection name=\"68f9\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"9227\" id=\"9227\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--empty graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/h3>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"83e4\" id=\"83e4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--h3\">\u003Ca href=\"https://data4covid19.org/\" data-href=\"https://data4covid19.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Data4COVID19\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>: “#Data4COVID19 is a series of projects undertaken by The GovLab — with partners such as the OECD, Open Data Charter, Luce Foundation, Microsoft, Rockefeller Foundation, SDSN TRENDS, World Economic Forum, University of Washington, and others — to identify, collect, and analyze the value data can provide to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6f4f\" id=\"6f4f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--empty graf-after--li\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8bf5\" id=\"8bf5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/a-call-for-action-813669f32244\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/a-call-for-action-813669f32244\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">A Call for Action Toward Building the Data Infrastructure and Ecosystem We Need to Tackle Pandemics and Other Dynamic Societal and Environmental Threats\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2d74\" id=\"2d74\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--empty graf-after--li\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c4ca\" id=\"c4ca\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/announcing-the-new-data4covid19-repository-34f8a9af46bc\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/announcing-the-new-data4covid19-repository-34f8a9af46bc\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Announcing the New Data4COVID19 Repository\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\"> \u003C/em>by Andrew J. Zahuranec\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"23be\" id=\"23be\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--empty graf-after--li\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"f513\" id=\"f513\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li graf--trailing\">\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/mapping-how-data-can-help-address-covid19-a7be2e631aec\" data-href=\"https://medium.com/data-policy/mapping-how-data-can-help-address-covid19-a7be2e631aec\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Mapping how data can help address COVID-19\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003C/em>by Andrew J. Zahuranec and Stefaan G. Verhulst\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/data4covid19-data4covid19-is-a-series-of-projects-undertaken-by-the-govlab-with-partners-such",{"title":3796,"description":3798},"data4covid19-data4covid19-is-a-series-of-projects-undertaken-by-the-govlab-with-partners-such","blogposts/data4covid19-data4covid19-is-a-series-of-projects-undertaken-by-the-govlab-with-partners-such","FypAuQDUWhcdgVYd8JhTGntboIfDXHy-8GJ7VQMGtys",{"id":3807,"title":3808,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3809,"body":34,"category":34,"date":34,"description":3785,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3808,"image":34,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3810,"meta":3811,"navigation":15,"path":3812,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3813,"slug":3814,"startTime":34,"stem":3815,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3816},"blogposts/blogposts/introduction-to-open-grantmaking.json","Introduction to Open Grantmaking",[],"\n\u003Csection name=\"e15f\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"f58b\" id=\"f58b\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Introduction to Open Grantmaking\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"bdaf\" id=\"bdaf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">What It Is, Why It Matters\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"93c5\" id=\"93c5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Of its $4.1 trillion dollar Fiscal Year 2016 budget, the U.S. federal government and its grantmaking agencies will give out billions of dollars in the form of grants to states, localities, and individuals, and supports a dizzying array of activities, from scientific research and economic development to arts, culture, and education.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d932\" id=\"d932\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Unlike contracts — where government gives a business X dollars in exchange for a specific product or service defined in advance — grants generally provide greater flexibility for the recipient to decide how, precisely, to use the funds to advance a particular goal. As the U.S. federal government \u003Ca href=\"http://www.grants.gov/web/grants/learn-grants/grants-101.html\" data-href=\"http://www.grants.gov/web/grants/learn-grants/grants-101.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defines\u003C/a> it, “What is a grant? A grant is a way the government funds your ideas and projects to provide public services and stimulate the economy.” When invested well, such grant funding has the power to yield cutting-edge research and innovation, create jobs, deepen the impact that state and local organizations have in their communities, and support innovative solutions to hard problems.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6432\" id=\"6432\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Grantmaking, in short, plays a vital role in helping our government, our researchers, and our communities confront 21st-century challenges. Yet we still have a decidedly 20th-century system in place for deciding how we make these billions of dollars of crucial investments. In order to make the most of limited funding — and help build confidence in the ability of public investments to make a positive difference — it is essential for our government agencies to try more innovative approaches to designing, awarding, and measuring their grantmaking.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5e64\" id=\"5e64\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">That is the sort of change we hope to advance with this publication on innovations in public grantmaking. But, as we will explain below, we will also \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">need your help\u003C/strong> to do so.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0c93\" id=\"0c93\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">THE SYSTEM WE HAVE NOW — AND THE SYSTEM WE COULD HAVE\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4007\" id=\"4007\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In most instances, grantmaking by government agencies follows a familiar lifecycle: the agency describes and publicizes the grant in a public “call,” qualifying individuals or entities send in applications, and the agencies select their winners through internal deliberations. Members of the public — including outside experts, past grantees, and service recipients in the community — often have few opportunities to provide meaningful input before, during, or after the judging process. After awarding grants, the agencies themselves usually have limited continuing interactions with those they fund.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"933b\" id=\"933b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The current system, to be sure, developed for a number of reasons. In an effort to safeguard the legitimacy and fairness of the grantmaking process, agencies have traditionally done grantmaking strictly behind closed doors. From application to judging, most government grantmaking processes have been confidential and at arm’s length. For statutory, regulatory, or even cultural reasons, the grantmaking process in many agencies is characterized by caution rather than by creativity.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8962\" id=\"8962\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">But it doesn’t have to be this way. Innovators in government, philanthropy, and private sector companies have begun to experiment with greater transparency and collaboration at all stages of grantmaking. Perhaps counter-intuitively, these innovations in “open grantmaking” have the potential to yield more legitimate and more accountable processes than their closed-door antecedents. These processes, in turn, have the potential to result in more creative strategies for solving problems, and ultimately, more effective outcomes, including greater economic growth.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"87b4\" id=\"87b4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Encouragingly, the federal government has begun to take note. Since the White House organized a\u003Ca href=\"http://casefoundation.org/resource/promoting-innovation/\" data-href=\"http://casefoundation.org/resource/promoting-innovation/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> conference on open grantmaking, prizes and challenges in 2010\u003C/a>, experiments in open grantmaking have indeed proliferated. But there has been no systematic policy adoption of these techniques. The global mandate for transparency and open government data, as well as the adoption of alternatives to traditional grants and contracts (such as prize-backed challenges), makes the time especially ripe for more systemic change. Our hope is to encourage the broader adoption of open and innovative grantmaking practices, the incorporation of these practices into policy, and a more sustained empirical assessment of their impact.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"db1d\" id=\"db1d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">WHAT THIS PUBLICATION WILL COVER (A PARTIAL LIST)\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0d0a\" id=\"0d0a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Open grantmaking innovations can take many forms, including techniques that:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"4e63\" id=\"4e63\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">enable broader and more diverse groups of people to participate\u003C/strong>, with the aim of bringing greater expertise and creativity into the process;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"68a8\" id=\"68a8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">mandate more transparency\u003C/strong>, with the aim of improving accountability; and\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"30b5\" id=\"30b5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">incorporate greater use of data and evidence\u003C/strong>, with the aim of evolving the design of the grant and informing future judging decisions.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"4e12\" id=\"4e12\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">Often, innovative grantmaking processes will combine more than one technique, such as the use of bottom-up crowdsourcing to engage people in gathering data about what’s working on the ground. Through this publication, we will take a closer look at several such categories of open grantmaking innovations, organized chronologically along the lifecycle of the grantmaking process. In our following posts, we will focus on \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">pre-judging innovations\u003C/strong>, \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">innovations in judging and awarding grant funds, \u003C/strong>and \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">post-judging innovations, \u003C/strong>respectively.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8c7e\" id=\"8c7e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For each type of innovation, we will explore a selection of examples from across the public, private, and philanthropic sectors, as well as their particular advantages and potential drawbacks. Certainly, not every innovation is appropriate for every agency or every grant. But all grantmaking agencies could benefit by taking a long, hard look at their existing procedures and determining how best to modernize and improve them. This publication will provide practitioners throughout government a menu of options to learn from — and some important issues to consider — as they decide how to do so.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d9b9\" id=\"d9b9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Over the coming weeks, we also hope to include additional posts from practitioners themselves, as well as from our readers!\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c74b\" id=\"c74b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">WHY WE NEED YOU\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f916\" id=\"f916\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As the editors of this publication, our aim is to gather and curate information about open grantmaking innovations, analyze their potential uses, and encourage their adoption where appropriate. On all three counts, we need your help!\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"461d\" id=\"461d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Information: \u003C/strong>Are there categories of grantmaking innovations we’ve missed? Examples in the public, private, or philanthropic sectors you think we should know about? Let us know! (To be clear: We are interested in both “positive” case studies \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">and\u003C/em> those that demonstrate the obstacles or challenges associated with particular grantmaking innovations.) Feel free to contribute either through an in-line annotation or a full-fledged reply at the bottom of any of the posts. Where you reference outside information, links or references would be greatly appreciated.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a000\" id=\"a000\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Analysis: \u003C/strong>In our posts, we attempt not only to describe open grantmaking innovations, but also to analyze their potential value propositions, their pros and cons, etc. To the extent that you agree or disagree with our analysis, or simply have an additional point to add, we’re all ears! Again, we’d welcome input on our posts either through in-line annotations or longer replies at the bottom. We recognize that that a grantmaking body’s decision to adopt particular innovations must be tailored to the goals, capabilities, and legal frameworks underlying their activities, and your analytical insights will allow us (and them) to more fully understand this sort of decision calculus.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"7750\" id=\"7750\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--li\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c89a\" id=\"c89a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing\">Over the next few posts, we will attempt to sketch out the range and potential impact of open grantmaking innovations at all stages of the process. And, with your help, the conversation we start with this publication could begin building a broader case for putting them into practice throughout our government.\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/introduction-to-open-grantmaking",{"title":3808,"description":3785},"introduction-to-open-grantmaking","blogposts/introduction-to-open-grantmaking","mkR13oBs3NXNS0Ha_8fOz3-xm42HDqDaf1yo9qKjrh8",{"id":3818,"title":3819,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3820,"body":34,"category":34,"date":34,"description":3821,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3819,"image":3822,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3823,"meta":3824,"navigation":15,"path":3825,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3826,"slug":3827,"startTime":34,"stem":3828,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3829},"blogposts/blogposts/podcast-interview-with-stefaan-verhulst-on-data-collaboration-for-paris21.json","PODCAST: Interview with Stefaan Verhulst on Data Collaboration for PARIS21",[],"Earlier this month, Stefaan Verhulst, co-founder and chief research and development officer at The GovLab, sat down for an interview with…","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*CK4gLm2eE9xFV_5g","\n\u003Csection name=\"88db\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"a526\" id=\"a526\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">PODCAST: Interview with Stefaan Verhulst on Data Collaboration for PARIS21\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"3fdc\" id=\"3fdc\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*CK4gLm2eE9xFV_5g\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"667\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*CK4gLm2eE9xFV_5g\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"0074\" id=\"0074\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Earlier this month, Stefaan Verhulst, co-founder and chief research and development officer at The GovLab, sat down for an interview with PARIS21 Executive Head Johannes Jütting as part of PARIS21’s new, weekly podcast, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.spreaker.com/show/data-for-the-people\" data-href=\"https://www.spreaker.com/show/data-for-the-people\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data for the People: A Post-Crisis Podcast\u003C/em>\u003C/a>. \u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bfb4\" id=\"bfb4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The discussion focused on Stefaan’s significant work on \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/\" data-href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">data collaboratives\u003C/a>, a new form of collaboration, beyond the public–private partnership model, in which participants from different sectors — in particular companies — exchange their data to create public value. He tied the need for responsible data collaboration into the pandemic response, describing how different datasets can provide value in crisis.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cef4\" id=\"cef4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“If COVID-19 has made one thing clear, it’s that we need to really and radically become prepared to instigate data collaborations in a far more agile and responsible manner,” Stefaan said. “Having access to different datasets, including private sector datasets, provide for value and is important to understand the scale and the way a particular kind of dynamic threat like a pandemic might evolve.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bda7\" id=\"bda7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The conversation also touched on issues of governance, the need to be transparent and engage the public, and the importance of having meaningful, well-defined question before beginning data work. Stefaan connected these points to specific examples in The GovLab’s \u003Ca href=\"http://data4covid19.org/\" data-href=\"http://data4covid19.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">living repository\u003C/a> of innovative data work related to COVID-19. \u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3483\" id=\"3483\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">You can listen to the full discussion below. You can also find it on \u003Ca href=\"http://lnkd.in/dhCicJK%5C\" data-href=\"http://lnkd.in/dhCicJK\\\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Apple\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"http://lnkd.in/dKeVU46\" data-href=\"http://lnkd.in/dKeVU46\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Deezer\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"http://lnkd.in/d5RgYKj\" data-href=\"http://lnkd.in/d5RgYKj\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Google\u003C/a>, and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.spreaker.com/show/data-for-the-people\" data-href=\"https://www.spreaker.com/show/data-for-the-people\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Spreaker\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"c31e\" id=\"c31e\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p\">\u003Ciframe src=\"https://open.spotify.com/embed-podcast/episode/630FQ8qGv0Vf65Ow1qoc4a\" width=\"600\" height=\"232\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003C/iframe>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"42ea\" id=\"42ea\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--figure\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"44f9\" id=\"44f9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/podcast-interview-with-stefaan-verhulst-on-data-collaboration-for-paris21",{"title":3819,"description":3821},"podcast-interview-with-stefaan-verhulst-on-data-collaboration-for-paris21","blogposts/podcast-interview-with-stefaan-verhulst-on-data-collaboration-for-paris21","V96ozevpaiJ-tiJfdEhWuXCSv3X0NE8qkO7a7WYG79g",{"id":3831,"title":3832,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3833,"body":34,"category":34,"date":34,"description":3834,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3832,"image":3835,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3836,"meta":3837,"navigation":15,"path":3838,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3839,"slug":3840,"startTime":34,"stem":3841,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3842},"blogposts/blogposts/selected-readings-on-the-intersection-of-data-abortion-care-and-womens-health.json","Selected Readings on the Intersection of Data, Abortion Care, and Womens Health",[],"By: Uma Kalkar, Salwa Mansuri, Andrew J. Zahuranec","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*gm5c8LePkRcg3Lh6","\n\u003Csection name=\"6113\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"2ba0\" id=\"2ba0\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">Selected Readings on the Intersection of Data, Abortion Care, and Women’s Health\u003C/h3>\u003Cfigure name=\"4f1b\" id=\"4f1b\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h3\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*gm5c8LePkRcg3Lh6\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"667\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*gm5c8LePkRcg3Lh6\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Photo by \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/Vq__yk6faOI\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/Vq__yk6faOI\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Claire Anderson | Unsplash\u003C/a> is licensed under CC0.\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"f6f0\" id=\"f6f0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">By: Uma Kalkar, Salwa Mansuri, Andrew J. Zahuranec\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f48c\" id=\"f48c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">As part of an ongoing effort to contribute to current topics in data, technology, and governance, The GovLab’s \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"http://thegovlab.org/the-govlab-selected-readings/\" data-href=\"http://thegovlab.org/the-govlab-selected-readings/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Selected Readings\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> series provides an annotated and curated collection of recommended readings on themes such as open data, data collaboration, and civic technology.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b871\" id=\"b871\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">In this edition, we reflect on the intersection between data, abortion, and women’s health following the United States Supreme Court ruling regarding \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.scotusblog.com/case-files/cases/dobbs-v-jackson-womens-health-organization/\" data-href=\"https://www.scotusblog.com/case-files/cases/dobbs-v-jackson-womens-health-organization/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> (2022) which held that there was no constitutional right to abortion and decided that individual states have the authority to regulate access to abortion services. In the days before and since the decision, a large amount of literature has been produced both on the implications of this ruling for individuals’ data privacy and the effects on women’s social and economic lives. It is clear that, while opinions on access to abortion services are often influenced by deeply held attitudes about women’s bodily autonomy and when life begins, data has critical importance both as a potential source of risk and as a tool to understand the decision’s impact.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"34da\" id=\"34da\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Below we curate some stories from news sources and academic papers on the role of data in abortion services as well as data-driven research by institutions into the effects of abortion. We hope this selection of readings provides a broader perspective on how data and women’s rights and health intersect.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"de5a\" id=\"de5a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">As well, we urge that anyone seeking further information about abortion access visit \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.ineedana.com/\" data-href=\"https://www.ineedana.com/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">www.ineedana.com\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> via a secure site, and preferably via a VPN. For those looking for menstrual apps, \u003C/em>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.plannedparenthood.org/get-care/spot-on-period-tracker\" data-href=\"https://www.plannedparenthood.org/get-care/spot-on-period-tracker\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Spot On\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> by the Planned Parenthood Federation of America saves data locally on phones, does not provide information to third parties, and allows for anonymous accounts.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f8a8\" id=\"f8a8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The readings are presented in alphabetical order.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0cf6\" id=\"0cf6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">***\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"7ccc\" id=\"7ccc\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">Data & Privacy Concerns\u003C/strong>\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"be6f\" id=\"be6f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Conti-Cook, Cynthia. “Surveilling the Digital Abortion Diary: A Preview of How Anti-Abortion Prosecutors Will Weaponize Commonly-Used Digital Devices As Criminal Evidence Against Pregnant People and Abortion Providers in a Post-Roe America.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">University of Baltimore Law Review\u003C/em>, forthcoming. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3666305\" data-href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3666305\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3666305\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"e251\" id=\"e251\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">In this four-part article, Conti-Cook discusses the history of health data rights and the long-standing ways in which digital evidence produced by pregnant people has been used to prosecute their actions. She discusses how digital technologies help prosecutors lay charges against those seeking abortions and how they help “ the state see[k] control over [them] by virtue of their pregnancy status” by digitally surveilling them.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"fddd\" id=\"fddd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The author examines how “digital, biometric, and genetic surveillance” serves as a vehicle to “microtarget” historically oppressed communities” under a patriarchal and racist social structure.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1699\" id=\"1699\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">She also discusses how online searches relating to pregnancy termination and abortion, location and tracking data, site history, wearable devices, and app data can be factored into risk assessment tools to assess social service outcomes and federal prosecutions.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"cfad\" id=\"cfad\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Conti-Cook ends by reviewing digital hygiene strategies to stop the use of personal data against oneself and foster a more critical use of digital tools for reproductive and pregnancy-related health needs.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"d036\" id=\"d036\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Diamant, Jeff, and Besheer Mohamed. “What the Data Says about Abortion in the U.S.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Pew Research Center\u003C/em>, June 24, 2022. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2022/06/24/what-the-data-says-about-abortion-in-the-u-s-2\" data-href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2022/06/24/what-the-data-says-about-abortion-in-the-u-s-2\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2022/06/24/what-the-data-says-about-abortion-in-the-u-s-2\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"4c26\" id=\"4c26\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">In the aftermath of the overturn of \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Roe v. Wade\u003C/em> (1973), the Pew Research Center published a compilation of facts and statistics about abortion care in the United States obtained through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Guttmacher Institute.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3074\" id=\"3074\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The piece describes shifting trends pertaining to the number of legal abortions conducted each year in the United States since the 1970s, the abortion rate among women, the most common types of abortions, and the number of abortion providers over time. It describes, for example, how the procedure has generally declined at “a slow yet steady pace” since the early 1990s. It also notes that the number of providers has declined over time.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"51d3\" id=\"51d3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Paul, Kari. “Tech Firms under Pressure to Safeguard User Data as Abortion Prosecutions Loom.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Guardian\u003C/em>, June 25, 2022, sec. US news. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/jun/25/tech-companies-health-data-security-abortion-prosecution\" data-href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/jun/25/tech-companies-health-data-security-abortion-prosecution\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/jun/25/tech-companies-health-data-security-abortion-prosecution\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"e845\" id=\"e845\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Paul writes about the concerns of abortion and civil rights activists on how data collected about individuals through apps and online searches might incriminate those seeking or providing abortion services. It notes how geo-location data used by tech companies can make “it easy for law enforcement officials to access incriminating data on location, internet searches, and communication history.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"bbbd\" id=\"bbbd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">While period tracking apps have received significant attention, the article notes that companies such as Meta, Uber, Lyft, Google, and Apple have yet to publicly announce how they would respond to law enforcement requests on abortion evidence.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f540\" id=\"f540\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The piece finally includes a recommendation from the digital rights advocacy group Electronic Frontier Foundation that companies preemptively prepare “for a future in which they are served with subpoenas and warrants seeking user data to prosecute abortion seekers and providers.” It suggests end-to-end encryption as a default, refraining from collecting location information, and allowing anonymous or pseudonymous access to apps.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"dc77\" id=\"dc77\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Nguyen, Nicole, and Cordilia James. “How Period-Tracker Apps Treat Your Data, and What That Means If Roe v. Wade Is Overturned.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Wall Street Journal\u003C/em>, June 21, 2022. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-period-tracker-apps-treat-your-data-and-what-that-means-if-roe-v-wade-is-overturned-11655561595\" data-href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-period-tracker-apps-treat-your-data-and-what-that-means-if-roe-v-wade-is-overturned-11655561595\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-period-tracker-apps-treat-your-data-and-what-that-means-if-roe-v-wade-is-overturned-11655561595\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"6005\" id=\"6005\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Nguyen and James provide an extensive analysis of the ways that period tracking apps track, collect, store, and share data about women’s fertility and menstrual cycle. Following \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization\u003C/em> (2022), which overturned \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Roe v. Wade \u003C/em>(1973), there has been significant public concern about the (re)use of the data these apps collect.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3726\" id=\"3726\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">They detail different kinds of data that could be subpoenaed from period trackers and the terminology that users can search for in an app’s privacy policy to understand how their data will be used. It describes, for example, what it means to when Terms & Conditions outline how they will “encrypt” (that is, to scramble into an incoherent string of code), “share” or “sell” (data can be given to third parties such as advertisers), and respond to “requests” (companies may notify the user when a court or government data asks for data).\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"89ea\" id=\"89ea\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The article closes with an overview of the most-downloaded fertility apps — including Flo, Apple Health, Clue, FitBit, Glow, and Natural Cycles — and where they stand on data privacy.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"7391\" id=\"7391\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Sherman, Jenna. “How Abortion Misinformation and Disinformation Spread Online.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Scientific American\u003C/em>, June 24, 2022. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-abortion-misinformation-and-disinformation-spread-online/\" data-href=\"https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-abortion-misinformation-and-disinformation-spread-online/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-abortion-misinformation-and-disinformation-spread-online/\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"e381\" id=\"e381\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">In \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Scientific American\u003C/em>, Sherman writes an opinion piece on the growth of online dis- and misinformation in the aftermath of \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Dobbs. \u003C/em>She summarizes how, according to current data-driven research, much of the information people find online about abortion is not reliable and that the highest volume of online searches about abortion tends to be in those states with the most restricted access.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1679\" id=\"1679\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Despite much research on abortion, Sherman notes “a lack of access to quality information or care” online, especially for marginalized communities. She also summarizes the results of studies on social media and search engines. In one 2021 study, searches for “abortion pill” tended not to yield scientifically accurate and moderately accessible information.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0085\" id=\"0085\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Another study cited in the article found that half of the web pages surfaced by Google on abortion contained misinformation. This appears to be by design — with false information about “abortion pill reversal” and abortion practices generating large revenues for platforms like Facebook.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch3 name=\"5c75\" id=\"5c75\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Data on the Impact of Abortion Access\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"1fac\" id=\"1fac\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Amador, Diego. “The Consequences of Abortion and Contraception Policies on Young Women’s Reproductive Choices, Schooling and Labor Supply.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Documento CEDE №2017–43\u003C/em> (2017). \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://ssrn.com/abstract=2987367\" data-href=\"https://ssrn.com/abstract=2987367\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://ssrn.com/abstract=2987367\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"fad5\" id=\"fad5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Amador analyzes aggregate provider data from the Guttmacher Institute to assess the relationship between contraceptive use, abortion, schooling, and labor decisions of US women. The dataset follows a sample of women born between 1980 and 1984, with data from interviews starting in 1997 and ending in 2011.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9256\" id=\"9256\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A counterfactual model based on the data suggests that a perfectly enforced ban on abortions would raise the rate of standard contraceptive use for women 9.1%. The fraction of children born to single mothers would increase from 30% to 34% while the average amount of schooling after high school would decrease by 3.1%. The number of women with college degrees would drop by 1.8% age points. The estimated average loss in lifetime earnings for women who would have at least had one abortion was estimated at USD 39,172.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"012c\" id=\"012c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The author also assesses the impact that free contraception would have, suggesting a 15.7 decrease in pregnancies per 1000 women and an 11.6 reduction in abortions per 1000 women. Accumulated schooling after high school increased by an estimated 3%. An assessment of mandatory counseling laws found that the long-run effect of these laws on women ages 18 to 30 was a 10% decrease in abortion rates.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"963b\" id=\"963b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The author concludes that policies such as an abortion ban and free contraception have important effects on schooling and lifetime earnings but only a moderate impact on labor supply.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"8419\" id=\"8419\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">ANSIRH. “Introduction to the Turnaway Study.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">ANSIRH\u003C/em>, March 2020. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.ansirh.org/sites/default/files/publications/files/turnawaystudyannotatedbibliography.pdf\" data-href=\"https://www.ansirh.org/sites/default/files/publications/files/turnawaystudyannotatedbibliography.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://www.ansirh.org/sites/default/files/publications/files/turnawaystudyannotatedbibliography.pdf\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"6138\" id=\"6138\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">This fact sheet summarizes various analyses stemming from the Turnaway Study, the first study to rigorously examine the effects of receiving abortion services versus being denied access to them. The study is an initiative by Advancing New Standards in Reproductive Health (ANSIRH), a program within the UCSF Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health. It examines 1,000 women seeking abortion from 30 facilities around the country, with interviews conducted over five years.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8051\" id=\"8051\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Studies conducted with the dataset find that the most common reason for women to seek an abortion was not being able to afford a child and/or not having a suitable partner/parent involved to assist with childrearing. Most women don’t feel pressured by counseling that occurs in clinics but find it less helpful when it is state-mandated. Half of all women report seeing anti-abortion protestors at clinics and greater contact with them tends to be more upsetting.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b4f4\" id=\"b4f4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Studies also suggest no evidence that abortion causes negative mental health outcomes, although being denied an abortion is associated with elevated anxiety and stress and lower self-esteem. Those who receive an abortion experience “a mix of positive and negative emotions in the days after […] with relief predominating.” The intensity of the emotion diminishes over time but over 95% of women report “abortion was the right decision for them at all times over five years after.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2b15\" id=\"2b15\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Carrying an unwanted pregnancy tended to be associated with worse outcomes for women’s physical health and socioeconomic status. Women denied abortion who later gave birth reported more chronic pain and rated their overall health as worse. Economic insecurity for women and their families increased almost four-fold. In terms of education, women who received abortions tended to have higher odds of having positive one-year plans while women denied abortions were no more or less likely to drop out of school.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"f348\" id=\"f348\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Donohue, John J., and Steven D. Levitt. “The Impact of Legalized Abortion on Crime Over the Last Two Decades.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The University of Chicago, Becker Friedman Institute for Economics \u003C/em>Working Paper №2019–75 (May 2017). \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://ssrn.com/abstract=3391510\" data-href=\"https://ssrn.com/abstract=3391510\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://ssrn.com/abstract=3391510\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"8e75\" id=\"8e75\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">This paper primarily argues that legalizing abortion in the 1970s had positive consequences in the significant reduction of crime even two decades later, in the 1990s. In particular, the paper suggested an approximate 20% decrease in crime rates between 1997 and 2014. Not only is abortion legalization \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">a\u003C/em> crucial factor but perhaps one of the most crucial ones in the significant reduction in crime rates (see \u003Ca href=\"https://pricetheory.uchicago.edu/levitt/Papers/DonohueLevittTheImpactOfLegalized2001.pdf\" data-href=\"https://pricetheory.uchicago.edu/levitt/Papers/DonohueLevittTheImpactOfLegalized2001.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Donohue and Levitt, 2001\u003C/a>).\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4297\" id=\"4297\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A particularly crucial aspect of the data collected was that it took close to a decade for the “number of abortions performed to reach a steady-state” attributed to the variability and heterogeneity of state-level data due to the variability and dynamic nature of evolving abortion legislation and abortion reform.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b5f0\" id=\"b5f0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Moreover, the effect of abortion on crime rates was only incrementally visible as “crime-aged cohorts” were gradually exposed to legalized abortion. Donohue and Levitt’s work supports the abortion-crime hypothesis — that increased access to abortion would decrease crime.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"b001\" id=\"b001\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Frost, Jennifer J., Jennifer Mueller, and Zoe H. Pleasure. “Trends and Differentials in Receipt of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services in the United States: Services Received and Sources of Care, 2006–2019.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The\u003C/em> \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Guttmacher Institute, \u003C/em>June 24, 2021. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1363/2021.33017\" data-href=\"https://doi.org/10.1363/2021.33017\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://doi.org/10.1363/2021.33017\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"73d5\" id=\"73d5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">This report describes trends in reproductive and sexual health care across the United States over a 13-year period as told by the National Survey of Family Growth, the only national data source that contains detailed information on sexual and reproductive health. It finds that some 7 in 10 women of reproductive age (44 million people) make at least one medical visit for sexual and reproductive health care each year. However, disparities exist — Hispanic women are less likely to receive care than White women, and the uninsured are substantially less likely to receive care than privately insured women.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"438f\" id=\"438f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">It further finds that publicly funded clinics were a critical source of care for young women, lower-income women, women of color, foreign-born women, women on Medicaid, and women without insurance.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ea6c\" id=\"ea6c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The report also finds that the Affordable Care Act increased the number of women receiving contraceptive services by 8% among women with private providers. There was a complimentary drop among women receiving contraceptive care from publicly funded clinics.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"5189\" id=\"5189\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Hill, J. Jackson IV. “The Need for a National Abortion Reporting Requirement: Why Both Sides Should Be in Support of Better Data.” Available at SSRN (May 2, 2014). \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://ssrn.com/abstract=2306667\" data-href=\"https://ssrn.com/abstract=2306667\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://ssrn.com/abstract=2306667\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"0820\" id=\"0820\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Hill writes a paper urging organizations to improve the status of abortion reporting in the United States. Examining statistics collected by the Centers for Disease Control and the Guttmacher Institute, the author finds serious deficiencies, including a lack of voluntary reporting from states, conflicting requirements (or unenforced requirements) about what data is collected, and an absence of timely data.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"aaf7\" id=\"aaf7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">After the passage of \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Roe\u003C/em>, state legislatures attempted to mandate abortion reporting and monitoring; however, concerns over the safety of women’s choice, undue administrative hurdles, and issues over pervasive data collection made it difficult to impose a standardized, non-intrusive, and anonymized data collection practice.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c0d3\" id=\"c0d3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Hill argues that these data gaps and paternalistic methods of collecting data have had consequences on the ability of policymakers to make decisions around abortion policy and undermine the public’s knowledge on the issue. He assesses the feasibility of federally regulated abortion data and potential other strategies for achieving reliable, uniform data. He proposes two avenues for a “comprehensive, uniform abortion data” set: a ‘command’ option that requires states to provide and collect abortion information for a federal database or a ‘bribe’ option that monetarily incentivizes states to provide this information.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"469e\" id=\"469e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Knowles Myers, Caitlin, and Morgan Welch. “What Can Economic Research Tell Us about the Effect of Abortion Access on Women’s Lives?” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Brookings\u003C/em>, November 30, 2021. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/research/what-can-economic-research-tell-us-about-the-effect-of-abortion-access-on-womens-lives/\" data-href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/research/what-can-economic-research-tell-us-about-the-effect-of-abortion-access-on-womens-lives/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://www.brookings.edu/research/what-can-economic-research-tell-us-about-the-effect-of-abortion-access-on-womens-lives/\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"b240\" id=\"b240\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Knowles Myers and Welch write on what current economic research suggests about abortion access on women’s reproductive, social, and economic outcomes.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0eef\" id=\"0eef\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Comparing Alaska, California, Hawaii, New York, Washington, and the District of Columbia (states which repealed abortion bans prior to \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Roe)\u003C/em> to other states, research suggests states that repealed abortion bans had between a 4–11% decline in births relative to the rest of the country — with effects particularly large for teens and women of color. Studies also suggest that abortion legalization reduced the number of teen mothers by 34% and reduced maternal mortality by 30–40%, with little impact on white women.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a9fa\" id=\"a9fa\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Additional studies indicate that abortion access has a large impact on the circumstances under which children are born. Various studies find that abortion legalization reduced the number of unwanted children, cases of neglect and abuse, and the number of children living in poverty. It also improved long-term outcomes by increasing the likelihood of child attendance in college.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3bbc\" id=\"3bbc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Other studies find that abortion and pregnancy have substantial impact on women’s economic and social lives, with pregnancy frequently lowering women’s wages. This fact has substantial implications for “low-income mothers experiencing disruptive life events.” Based on various studies, the authors argue that “access to abortion could be pivotal to these women’s financial lives.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"09c5\" id=\"09c5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">While abortion is driven by views on women’s bodily autonomy and when life begins, the authors find a clear causal link between access to abortion and “whether, when, and under what circumstances women become mothers.” All studies suggest that access to abortion can have substantial implications on education, earnings, careers, and life outcomes. Restricting or eliminating access would diminish women’s personal and economic lives along with that of their families.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"a15f\" id=\"a15f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Maxmen, Amy. “Why Hundreds of Scientists Are Weighing in on a High-Stakes US Abortion Case.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Nature\u003C/em> 599, no. 7884 (October 26, 2021): 187–89. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-02834-7\" data-href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-02834-7\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-02834-7\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"bece\" id=\"bece\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">A piece by Amy Maxmen for \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Nature\u003C/em> summarizes a recent amicus brief filed by more than 800 scientists and several scientific organizations providing data-driven research into how abortion access is an important aspect of reproductive health.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"aaa9\" id=\"aaa9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">It notes, for example, more than 40 studies suggesting that receiving an abortion does not harm a woman’s mental or physical health but that being denied an abortion can result in negative financial and health outcomes. It also cites a 2019 study of nearly 900 women who “who sought but were unable to get abortions reported higher rates of chronic headaches and joint pain five years later, compared with those who got an abortion,” while a similar 2017 study finds no similar physical or psychological effects.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e3f7\" id=\"e3f7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">A separate amicus brief submitted to the Court by about 550 public health and reproductive health researchers described how unwanted pregnancies can result in worse health outcomes. It also can disproportionately harm the physical, mental, and economic well-being of Black people according to a separate study.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4599\" id=\"4599\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">An additional amicus brief filed by economists notes several studies that found that “abortion legalization in the 1970s helped to increase women’s educational attainment, participation in the labor force and earnings — especially for single Black women.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3bb9\" id=\"3bb9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf--empty graf-after--li\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"98a9\" id=\"98a9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Myers, Caitlin, and Ladd, Daniel. “Did parental involvement laws grow teeth? The effects of state restrictions on minors’ access to abortion.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Journal of Health Economics\u003C/em>, 71, (2020): p.102302. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3029823\" data-href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3029823\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3029823\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"c2fa\" id=\"c2fa\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">A paper by Caitlin Knowles Myers of Germany’s IZA Institute of Labor Economics and Daniel Ladd of the University of California, Irvine compiles data on the location of abortion providers and enforcement of parental involvement laws. The researchers seek to assess the impact of laws requiring parental approval for an abortion have on minors seeking abortions.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"64f2\" id=\"64f2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The paper concludes that parental involvement laws may have contributed to a modest decline in teen births (a 1.4% reduction) during the 1980s and 1990s but a 2.8% increase from 1993 to 2014 in women aged 15 to 18.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"448b\" id=\"448b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">It further finds that laws with an avoidance distance (the distance minors have to travel to avoid parental involvement and can seek an abortion confidentially) have significant effects. In the 1980s, a parental involvement law with an avoidance distance of 100 miles decreased teen births by 1.48%. A parental involvement law with a 400-mile avoidance distance, about a day’s drive, increases the teen birth rate by 4.3%.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"faf2\" id=\"faf2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Popinchalk, Anna, Cynthia Beavin, and Jonathan Bearak. “The State of Global Abortion Data: An Overview and Call to Action.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">BMJ Sexual & Reproductive Health\u003C/em> 48, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 3–6. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsrh-2021-201109\" data-href=\"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsrh-2021-201109\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsrh-2021-201109\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"94ce\" id=\"94ce\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Popinchalf and colleagues at the Guttmacher Institute write in the journal \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">BMJ Sexual & Reproductive Health \u003C/em>on the urgent need for data on abortion incidents and access to examine disparities in people’s ability to safely terminate a pregnancy.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8da9\" id=\"8da9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The authors note that the three sources of data on abortion are official statistics, surveys of women, and scientific studies. However, stigmatization and varying legal access undermine the quality of this data and can lead to substantial under-reporting. Even in high-income countries, there can be significant variation in the frequency with which data is published. This variation in quality and availability exacerbates inequities by limiting the number of experiences that can be studied.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"030d\" id=\"030d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">The authors argue that data availability and quality of abortion care can be improved by investing in country-level surveys and scientific studies. It also argues for reducing stigma through community and provider messaging as it can hinder the accuracy and completeness of datasets.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"74b9\" id=\"74b9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Tierney, Katherine I. “Abortion Underreporting in Add Health: Findings and Implications.” \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Population Research and Policy Review\u003C/em> 38, no. 3 (June 1, 2019): 417–28. \u003C/strong>\u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11113-019-09511-8\" data-href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11113-019-09511-8\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11113-019-09511-8\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"53c5\" id=\"53c5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Tierney notes that there is substantial evidence that abortion is significantly underreported in the United States, especially among Black women and those in lower socioeconomic classes.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5d25\" id=\"5d25\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">She supplements this review with her own evaluation of the abortion data in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), finding that the dataset captures only 35% of expected abortions. Examining data from 1994–1995, 1996, 2001–2002, and 2008–2009, she found severe abortion underreporting; however, there were no significant differences between race/ethnicity, age, or time of abortion and underreporting.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2bdb\" id=\"2bdb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li graf--trailing\">Tierney argues that this fact means that Add Health is no better than other surveys in collecting abortion data. She also argues that this underreporting, likely caused by stigma, has substantial implications for research and that researchers should be cautious with self-reports of abortion. Figures need to be evaluated, contextualized, and used with caution.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/selected-readings-on-the-intersection-of-data-abortion-care-and-womens-health",{"title":3832,"description":3834},"selected-readings-on-the-intersection-of-data-abortion-care-and-womens-health","blogposts/selected-readings-on-the-intersection-of-data-abortion-care-and-womens-health","I5o1ywlBBYXk50T3w8c1ZFqpE7On15CDQQhgNOQOUTs",{"id":3844,"title":3845,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3846,"body":34,"category":34,"date":34,"description":3847,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3845,"image":3848,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3849,"meta":3850,"navigation":15,"path":3851,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3852,"slug":3853,"startTime":34,"stem":3854,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3855},"blogposts/blogposts/the-onion-model-a-layered-approach-to-documenting-how-the-third-wave-of-open-data-can-provide.json","The Onion Model: A Layered Approach to Documenting How the Third Wave of Open Data Can Provide",[],"Photo by Wilhelm Gunkel on Unsplash","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*q7aFU6MH15320_Vb","\n\u003Csection name=\"488d\" class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"9a52\" id=\"9a52\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">The “Onion Model”: A Layered Approach to Documenting How the Third Wave of Open Data Can Provide Societal Value\u003C/strong>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"f6d3\" id=\"f6d3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h3\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b388\" id=\"b388\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--p\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"129d\" id=\"129d\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*q7aFU6MH15320_Vb\" data-width=\"1000\" data-height=\"666\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*q7aFU6MH15320_Vb\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"c796\" id=\"c796\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Photo by \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/@wilhelmgunkel?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/@wilhelmgunkel?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wilhelm Gunkel\u003C/a> on \u003Ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/s/photos/onion-sliced?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" data-href=\"https://unsplash.com/s/photos/onion-sliced?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Unsplash\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c71b\" id=\"c71b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">There’s a lot that goes into data-driven decision-making. Behind the datasets, platforms, and analysts is a complex series of processes that inform what kinds of insight data can produce and what kinds of ends it can achieve. These individual processes can be hard to understand when viewed together but, by separating the stages out, we can not only track how data leads to decisions but promote better and more impactful data management.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b746\" id=\"b746\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Earlier this year, The Open Data Policy Lab published the \u003Ca href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/The-Third-Wave-of-Open-Data-Toolkit.pdf\" data-href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/The-Third-Wave-of-Open-Data-Toolkit.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Third Wave of Open Data Toolkit\u003C/a> to explore the elements of data re-use. At the center of this toolkit was an abstraction that we call the Open Data Framework. Divided into individual, onion-like layers, the framework shows all the processes that go into capitalizing on data in the third wave, starting with the creation of a dataset through data collaboration, creating insights, and using those insights to produce value.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4c13\" id=\"4c13\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This blog tries to re-iterate what’s included in each layer of this data “onion model” and demonstrate how organizations can create societal value by making their data available for re-use by other parties.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"61b6\" id=\"61b6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The Data Lifecycle\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"e880\" id=\"e880\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*xCCm6ppdZlX5PH28\" data-width=\"792\" data-height=\"373\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*xCCm6ppdZlX5PH28\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"bbce\" id=\"bbce\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Data — which can be generated from things like smartphones, scientific studies, and financial transactions — is an instrumental part of our modern world. The growing capacity to generate it has created new opportunities to study complex problems while, at the same time, created new risks related to privacy and surveillance.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6ad3\" id=\"6ad3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Though it can be used responsibly or poorly, data is not a simple asset. It is the result of a process known as the data lifecycle that includes:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"e784\" id=\"e784\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Collection:\u003C/strong> Gathering data from surveys, censuses, voting or health records, business operations, web-based collections, and other relevant, accessible sources.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b5f5\" id=\"b5f5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Processing\u003C/strong>: Removing irrelevant or inaccurate information, reformatting contents to be interpretable by an analytic software, and otherwise validating the data collection.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3da1\" id=\"3da1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Sharing\u003C/strong>: Accessing the data with relevant collaborators with the intent of deriving insights from it.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c148\" id=\"c148\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Analyzing\u003C/strong>: Assessing the data collection with a goal of extracting insights about the issue they are studying.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"18ae\" id=\"18ae\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Using\u003C/strong>: Acting on the insights derived. These actions can affect data collected for future operations.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"fa13\" id=\"fa13\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--li\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"15ba\" id=\"15ba\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Increasing Access to Data through Data Collaboration\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"52a0\" id=\"52a0\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*oAIFoGwAaamhTs_k\" data-width=\"790\" data-height=\"366\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*oAIFoGwAaamhTs_k\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"c28e\" id=\"c28e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Once data has been generated, it needs to be made accessible to those who can use it. Though we live in a data of era abundance, all too often data generated resides in silos controlled and monetized by companies. New models for collaborating and accessing public and private-sector data, such as open data platforms or data collaboratives, can break these silos.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ab1e\" id=\"ab1e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As we’ve \u003Ca href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/existing-practices.html\" data-href=\"https://datacollaboratives.org/existing-practices.html\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">discussed\u003C/a> elsewhere, data collaboratives are a new form of collaboration, beyond the public-private partnership model, in which participants from different sectors exchange their data and data expertise to create public value. They include:\u003C/p>\u003Col class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"e51e\" id=\"e51e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Public Interfaces:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> Organizations provide open access to certain data assets, enabling independent uses of the data by external parties.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7bd6\" id=\"7bd6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Trusted Intermediary:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> Third-party actors support collaboration between data providers and data users from the public sector, civil society, or academia.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"05b8\" id=\"05b8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Data Pooling:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> Data holders agree to create a unified presentation of datasets as a collection accessible by multiple parties.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"07b4\" id=\"07b4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Research and Analysis Partnership\u003C/strong>: Organizations engage directly with public-sector partners and share certain proprietary data assets to generate new knowledge.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a84d\" id=\"a84d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Prizes and Challenges:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> Organizations make data available to participants who compete to develop apps; answer problem statements; test hypotheses and premises; or pioneer innovative uses of data for the public interest and to provide business value.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"83a8\" id=\"83a8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Intelligence Generation:\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> Organizations internally develop data-driven analyses, tools, and other resources, and release those insights to the broader public.\u003C/li>\u003C/ol>\u003Cp name=\"c038\" id=\"c038\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--li\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"47f1\" id=\"47f1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Insights\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"c3a8\" id=\"c3a8\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*Xqhmkgx2ULyjDEMI\" data-width=\"787\" data-height=\"436\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*Xqhmkgx2ULyjDEMI\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"c28a\" id=\"c28a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">From these data collaboratives, organizations can analyze the data. This analysis can be used to look forward or backward, providing information on a problem related to:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"ff2d\" id=\"ff2d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Situational Awareness\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: Answering what happened;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"768a\" id=\"768a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Cause and Effect Insight\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: Answering why it happened;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"fdff\" id=\"fdff\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Prediction\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: Answering what will happen; and\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"41a6\" id=\"41a6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Impact Assessment\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: Answering what happened following an intervention.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"1ab5\" id=\"1ab5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--li\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"db99\" id=\"db99\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Enabling Conditions\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"442c\" id=\"442c\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*u1cBbO9h9f1t0GSX\" data-width=\"793\" data-height=\"497\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*u1cBbO9h9f1t0GSX\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"e0cb\" id=\"e0cb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Data filtered through individual projects can produce tremendous insights. However, broader changes to the data ecosystem are needed to make data more broadly accessible and enable future work.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9047\" id=\"9047\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">These changes can be supported by organizations taking deliberate steps to be more open. As we argue in \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/images/odpl/third-wave-of-opendata.pdf\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/images/odpl/third-wave-of-opendata.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Emergence of a Third Wave of Open Data\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, \u003C/em>a more open ecosystem can be enabled by organizations that:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"110f\" id=\"110f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Publish with Purpose \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>by matching the supply of data with the demand for it, providing assets that match public interests;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f3be\" id=\"f3be\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Foster Partnerships \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>by forging relationships with non-professionals (e.g. small businesses and civic groups) who understand how data can inform meaningful real-world action;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8a97\" id=\"8a97\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Prioritize Subnational Efforts\u003C/em> \u003C/strong>by providing resources to cities, municipalities, states, and provinces to create new subnational data sources; and\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6a4f\" id=\"6a4f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Center Data Responsibility\u003C/em>\u003C/strong> by promoting fairness, accountability, and transparency across all stages of the data lifecycle.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"e543\" id=\"e543\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--li\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0955\" id=\"0955\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Value\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"4f52\" id=\"4f52\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*C3I4XY_g35n8w9oR\" data-width=\"795\" data-height=\"554\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*C3I4XY_g35n8w9oR\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"81a0\" id=\"81a0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The transformation of the ecosystem, when done effectively, responsibly, and in accordance with local expectations, can produce large-scale, real-world value. These types of value can be categorized as:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"a747\" id=\"a747\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Improving Governance\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: Insights from data can improve how organizations operate by making their processes more transparent to others, improving resource allocations, and enhancing their ability to deliver services.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ee10\" id=\"ee10\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Empowering People\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: Insights can empower people by communicating information they need to meaningfully act and make decisions about the challenges they face in their lives.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6856\" id=\"6856\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Creating Opportunity\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: Data-driven insights can inspire organizations to innovate in how they operate. For businesses, this innovation can be about identifying new business models while governments might use information to inform policy directed at economic well-being.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2aa5\" id=\"2aa5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Solving Public Problems\u003C/em>\u003C/strong>: Insights can optimize processes and services and better identify the needs of those who rely on those services. It can enable data-driven assessments of the environment and more targeted interventions.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"55d2\" id=\"55d2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--li\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fac2\" id=\"fac2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Riding the Third Wave of Open Data: Priority Actions\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"e592\" id=\"e592\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"0*n7bYrWPhnRvapTpI\" data-width=\"796\" data-height=\"608\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*n7bYrWPhnRvapTpI\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"64ea\" id=\"64ea\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Finally, these values can be best achieved by embracing an approach to open data that facilitates them. This approach, which we call the \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/images/odpl/third-wave-of-opendata.pdf\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/images/odpl/third-wave-of-opendata.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Third Wave of Open Data\u003C/a>, takes a much more purpose-directed approach than prior waves; it seeks not simply to open data, but to do so in a way that focuses on impactful reuse, especially through inter-sectoral collaborations and partnerships. The Third Wave pays at least as much attention to the demand as to the supply side of the data equation, and it is concerned not simply with data itself but with the broader technical, social, political and economic context within which data is produced and consumed.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b475\" id=\"b475\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This Third Wave can be enabled by organizations adopting eight key actions:\u003C/p>\u003Col class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"224e\" id=\"224e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Creating and Empowering (Chief) Data Stewards\u003C/strong>: Developing and nurturing responsible data leaders to support impactful data re-use.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c199\" id=\"c199\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Fostering and Distributing Institutional Capacity: \u003C/strong>Taking steps to avoid consolidating and siloing of data skills and resources, and instead catalyzing such capacity to filter into daily institutional operations;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7142\" id=\"7142\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Articulating Value and Build an Impact Evidence Base\u003C/strong>: Demonstrating the concrete, tangible value of increased access to and re-use of data;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8d4d\" id=\"8d4d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Supporting New Data Intermediaries\u003C/strong>: Engaging actors who can lower transaction costs in data collaborative relationships\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e039\" id=\"e039\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Establishing Governance Frameworks and Seeking Regulatory Clarity: \u003C/strong>Creating safeguards to mitigate risks of harmful outcomes;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9998\" id=\"9998\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Creating the Technical Infrastructure for Re-use: \u003C/strong>Investing in innovative and sophisticated technologies to improve data use on data supply and demand sides;\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f1c8\" id=\"f1c8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Fostering Public Data Competence\u003C/strong>: Engaging citizens to promote wider use of data informed by local contexts and priorities; and\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8b67\" id=\"8b67\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Tracking, Monitoring, and Clarifying Decision and Data Provenance\u003C/strong>: Capturing data-handling and decision-making processes to ensure coordination.\u003C/li>\u003C/ol>\u003Cp name=\"9e49\" id=\"9e49\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">***\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"53f5\" id=\"53f5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This piece describes a model for thinking about data and data re-use. The “data onion,” also known as the Third Wave of Open Data Framework, untangles the different processes involved in (re)using data to generate value and promoting a more open data ecosystem.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9423\" id=\"9423\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This information can promote better and more impactful data management. We encourage data stewards and anyone else interested in learning more about how they can use these processes to read our \u003Ca href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/The-Third-Wave-of-Open-Data-Toolkit.pdf\" data-href=\"http://files.thegovlab.org/The-Third-Wave-of-Open-Data-Toolkit.pdf\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Third Wave of Open Data Toolkit\u003C/a>. Additional insights can be found on our \u003Ca href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" data-href=\"https://opendatapolicylab.org/\" class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">website\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7038\" id=\"7038\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--p graf--trailing\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/the-onion-model-a-layered-approach-to-documenting-how-the-third-wave-of-open-data-can-provide",{"title":3845,"description":3847},"the-onion-model-a-layered-approach-to-documenting-how-the-third-wave-of-open-data-can-provide","blogposts/the-onion-model-a-layered-approach-to-documenting-how-the-third-wave-of-open-data-can-provide","C0f2jMsSSPdx2-FHjULTcZooNM7nXmY-2454rWGgLYU",{"id":3857,"title":3858,"author":66,"authorAvatar":34,"authors":3859,"body":34,"category":34,"date":34,"description":3860,"duration":34,"endTime":34,"extendedContent":34,"extension":47,"featured":48,"heading":3858,"image":3861,"location":34,"locationType":34,"mainContent":3862,"meta":3863,"navigation":15,"path":3864,"registrationLink":34,"seo":3865,"slug":3866,"startTime":34,"stem":3867,"tags":34,"videoUrl":34,"__hash__":3868},"blogposts/blogposts/the-open-data-era-in-health-and-social-care.json","THE OPEN DATA ERA IN HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE",[],"TABLE OF CONTENTS","https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*KKPwZrjhSvF0-BGs3_EObQ.png","\n\u003Csection name=\"6c80\" class=\"section section--body section--first\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Ch3 name=\"b5eb\" id=\"b5eb\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--empty graf--leading graf--title\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/h3>\u003Ch4 name=\"80ac\" id=\"80ac\" data-align=\"center\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\">THE OPEN DATA ERA IN HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"5357\" id=\"5357\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"e10d\" id=\"e10d\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*KKPwZrjhSvF0-BGs3_EObQ.png\" data-width=\"546\" data-height=\"710\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*KKPwZrjhSvF0-BGs3_EObQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch4 name=\"ba64\" id=\"ba64\" data-align=\"center\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--figure\">TABLE OF CONTENTS\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"2b32\" id=\"2b32\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4a56\" id=\"4a56\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">FOREWORD\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8512\" id=\"8512\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">EXECUTIVE SUMMARY\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b719\" id=\"b719\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">INTRODUCTION\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0138\" id=\"0138\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">PART I: THE OPEN DATA ERA\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>I.1. Health Data and the Open Data Revolution\u003Cbr>I.2. The NHS and Open Data: Where We Stand\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d5b4\" id=\"d5b4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">PART II: POTENTIAL AND LIMITATIONS OF OPEN DATA\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>II.1. Value propositions for using Open Health Data\u003Cbr>II.1.1. Accountability\u003Cbr>II.1.2. Choice\u003Cbr>II.1.3. Efficiency\u003Cbr>II.1.4. Outcomes\u003Cbr>II.1.5. Customer Service and Patient satisfaction\u003Cbr>II.1.6. Innovation and Economic Growth\u003Cbr>II.2. Potential Challenges and Barriers of Open Data\u003Cbr>II.2.1. Cultural and Institutional Barriers\u003Cbr>II.2.2. Privacy\u003Cbr>II.2.3. Standards and Interoperability\u003Cbr>II.2.4. Good Analysis\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5185\" id=\"5185\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">PART III: TOWARDS A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR OPEN DATA IN HEALTHCARE\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>III.1.What is a conceptual framework and why do we need one?\u003Cbr>III.2. Inputs: What open data set was used?\u003Cbr>III.3. Users: Who is using the data?\u003Cbr>III.4. Activities: How is data used?\u003Cbr>III.5. Outputs: What was the value produced by the open data initiative (activity)?\u003Cbr>III.6. Indicators: To what end?\u003Cbr>III.7. Methodologies to Measure Impact: According to what measure?\u003Cbr>III.8. Impact: To add what value to the NHS and the UK as a whole?\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"434f\" id=\"434f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">PART IV: BUILDING AN OPEN DATA LEARNING ENVIRONMENT\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a585\" id=\"a585\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">PART V: CONCLUSION\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9f42\" id=\"9f42\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">APPENDICES\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>Appendix I: The GovLab Open Data Index\u003Cbr>Appendix II: Open Data Definitions\u003Cbr>Appendix III: Open Data and Big Data\u003Cbr>Appendix IV: Interviews\u003Cbr>Appendix V: Open Data Sites in the NHS\u003Cbr>Appendix VI: Activities\u003Cbr>Appendix VII: Outputs\u003Cbr>Appendix VIII: Indicators\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"14c5\" id=\"14c5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--p\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"9c90\" id=\"9c90\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">Foreword\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"e81c\" id=\"e81c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h3\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"508d\" id=\"508d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We are in the midst of a data revolution. More data is useful, but opening data — in other words making it accessible to a wider array of appropriate audiences can yield even more important results. Evidence suggests that giving patients access to their own healthcare records can increase healthy behavior and improve decision-making. Giving providers access to comparative performance indicators across hospitals and physicians increases cost-efficiency in the healthcare system. Giving researchers access to clinical data improves medical outcomes. Giving the public-at-large access to nationwide prescription data and hospital performance increases choice, empowerment and accountability. These are just some examples of the value behind making health data more open and accessible, into what we may collectively call shared data. Through making data more accessible, while also ensuring privacy and confidentiality, NHS England has committed itself to spur a revolution in health care, through increasing patient power, saving lives, and greatly improving quality of treatment.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7f2b\" id=\"7f2b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Three key objectives lie at the core of all our work:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"ee93\" id=\"ee93\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017 \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Transparency: \u003C/em>The safe sharing of data and information between clinicians, patients, and the public.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ca84\" id=\"ca84\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017 \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Participation\u003C/em>: Supporting patients and citizens to take more control of their health and care and fully engage in the design of local services.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ecb2\" id=\"ecb2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017 \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Interoperability\u003C/em>: The development of seamless digital records across all care settings, based on open standards.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"2324\" id=\"2324\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">Since April 2013, NHS England has undertaken a number of initiatives to achieve all three objectives. These include: The scheduled launch of care.data in 2014, an initiative designed to address gaps in the information currently held by the NHS and to promote seamless data flows across NHS departments; the publication of comparative provider outcomes; and the introduction of the “Friends and Family Test,” a measure of patient satisfaction based on the number of patients who would recommend hospital inpatient and A&E services to friends and family, and associated free text feedback.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e6b2\" id=\"e6b2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">All these initiatives have gone a substantial way towards helping us understand the potential impact of making data accessible. Through these investigations, we have gained a better sense of what works, and what does not. To take our efforts to the next level, we are adopting a more systematic approach to the way we use and evaluate the effects of open data. To do so, we need methods to measure the impact of open data and to analyze the specific circumstances under which it is most (or least) effective. In other words, we require a roadmap that will guide us in our efforts to build on existing successes and applications.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"25a5\" id=\"25a5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This report, prepared by the GovLab, a global action research network, goes a considerable way towards establishing such a roadmap. It lays the foundations for a substantive research agenda that can help health and care services advance their objectives and, at the same time, deepen interaction with open data, as well as enhance patients’ and providers’ experiences. I am particularly pleased with the report’s emphasis on establishing \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">metrics \u003C/em>of success and \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">methodologies \u003C/em>to collect the data required to support these metrics. Metrics are critical in evaluating success and failure. They are essential to helping us understand what we do right and where our work needs refinement or improvement.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"80c4\" id=\"80c4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The report’s broader emphasis on establishing an organisation-wide culture of learning (what the authors call an Open Data Learning Environment) is also invaluable. Ultimately, a successful application of open data can come only from a transformation of the way we use information across departments, hospitals, providers, trusts, and other agencies and institutions. Data transparency requires coordination and commonalty of purpose, and it obliges us to cut through existing silos. The proposed Open Data Learning Environment is an important step towards achieving this goal of systematic and organisation-wide transformation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4bca\" id=\"4bca\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">It is my belief that making data more accessible, in an appropriate manner, will ultimately revolutionize the delivery of health and social care in England and around the world. I see this transformation occurring in years, not decades. This report represents yet another milestone in our efforts to ensure that NHS England will be at forefront of this global transformation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d16e\" id=\"d16e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--p\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0ea6\" id=\"0ea6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--p\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"df9d\" id=\"df9d\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">EXECUTIVE SUMMARY\u003C/h3>\u003Cp name=\"b83d\" id=\"b83d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h3\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"83c5\" id=\"83c5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The United Kingdom has been a leader in the open data movement — a new movement by governments around the world to open up the vast repositories of data they hold across agencies and departments, and to collect new kinds of data for public use. Open data is publicly available data that can be universally and readily accessed, used, and redistributed free of charge. It is changing the way governments, nonprofits, and the private sector use data to understand public issues and solve problems in areas as diverse as financial regulation, energy, education, and more.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1268\" id=\"1268\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Open data holds particular potential in the health sector. By releasing health data to patients and, when appropriate, on an anonymized basis to researchers and the public, governments and healthcare organizations are betting on the power of greater openness of data to improve the quality of care, lower healthcare costs, and facilitate patient choice. The NHS has made and continues to make significant investments in opening data. Over the past several years, it has launched a series of initiatives that have already had a positive impact on patient education, healthcare choice, healthcare costs, and patient outcomes. Now the NHS is planning a broader, more ambitious programme that has the potential to serve as a worldwide model for the opening of data in healthcare. The purpose of this report is to help design this programme, establishing priorities and ways of measuring impact to guide this and future efforts at data transparency.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cb56\" id=\"cb56\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This report examines the current literature, drawing on case studies and published research to highlight the following value propositions for using more open data in healthcare:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"a7dc\" id=\"a7dc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Accountability: \u003C/strong>The use of data to hold healthcare organizations and providers accountable for treatment outcomes.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"74f0\" id=\"74f0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Choice: \u003C/strong>Providing open data to help patients make informed choices from among the healthcare options available to them.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4c7d\" id=\"4c7d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Efficiency: \u003C/strong>Improving the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of healthcare delivery.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ead2\" id=\"ead2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Outcomes: \u003C/strong>Improving treatment outcomes by using open data to make the results of different treatments, healthcare organizations, and providers’ work more transparent.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"036e\" id=\"036e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Patient satisfaction and customer service: \u003C/strong>Using open data to educate patients and their families and make healthcare institutions more responsive.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6a4d\" id=\"6a4d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Economic growth and innovation: \u003C/strong>Using open data to fuel new healthcare companies and initiatives, and to spur innovation in the broader economy.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"466c\" id=\"466c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Outcomes: \u003C/strong>Improving treatment outcomes by using open data to make the results of different treatments, healthcare organizations, and providers’ work more transparent.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3320\" id=\"3320\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Patient satisfaction and customer service: \u003C/strong>Using open data to educate patients and their families and make healthcare institutions more responsive.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a990\" id=\"a990\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Economic growth and innovation: \u003C/strong>Using open data to fuel new healthcare companies and initiatives, and to spur innovation in the broader economy.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"4e32\" id=\"4e32\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">Despite widespread recognition of these potential value propositions, there is little understanding of whether and how open data initiatives definitively lead to these outcomes. One of the central goals of this paper is to establish a conceptual framework, or logic model, that can be used by researchers and programme managers to design their open data initiatives and then measure their impact. The paper outlines the components of this framework, linking specific inputs and activities with indicators and their potential impact, to be used in measurement. The conceptual framework also discusses a variety of methodologies that can be used to facilitate measurement and impact analysis.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6328\" id=\"6328\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Overall, this draft blueprint from the GovLab describes the need for careful assessment of healthcare open data initiatives and outlines an approach that can help in such an assessment. The approach helps both in assessing the opportunities of open data, and also in considering potential risks and challenges. Though there has been significant discussion about the concerns and risks emerging from open data, there has been little research into its potential economic and social benefits. In today’s budgetary climate, we need to enhance our ability to marshal evidence on the efficacy of innovative and potentially important new programmes, while at the same time taking into account the societal and other risks (e.g., to privacy) that may accompany such programmes. By laying out a research agenda to accompany the NHS’s open data strategy, our hope is to ensure that public investments in open data are supported by concrete evidence of its value, and that this, in turn, can be used to guide and develop the NHS’s ambitious plans to shift an entire nation’s bureaucracy to more evidence-based decision-making.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3b91\" id=\"3b91\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In conclusion, this report recommends that the NHS create an \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Open Data Learning Environment (ODLE) \u003C/strong>that combines the use of innovative technology platforms, robust consultation with a wide array of stakeholders, close partnerships with the research community, and fellowships to bring innovators into the NHS. We make ten specific recommendations for the creation of this ODLE, which would facilitate ongoing assessment of progress against goals, rather than simply offering a one-time snapshot of results. Taken together, these recommendations would help the NHS improve and refine how it opens data, and to whom, in a nimble, real-time fashion.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"625b\" id=\"625b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To create the proposed ODLE, we recommend that the NHS:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"41ae\" id=\"41ae\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Build an Open Data Learning Capacity and Culture \u003C/strong>within the NHS. This can include a number of steps to institutionalize action and learning about open data, such as creating a corps of volunteers with technical knowledge, setting up an Open Health Data Academy, soliciting calls for questions from the academic community, and posing challenges and offering prizes for the best uses of open health data.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"99a7\" id=\"99a7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Engage the public in defining metrics \u003C/strong>of success with regard to open data. In addition to ensuring that direct stakeholders (e.g., patients and providers) are included in decisions about open data, the NHS may also want to consider allowing citizens to participate — for example, though a citizens’ open health data panel.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8b6e\" id=\"8b6e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Develop a common assessment framework \u003C/strong>with partners in other sectors and countries to measure the impact of open health data, using meetings, online communication, and additional tools.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8185\" id=\"8185\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Stay flexible and adaptive in measuring impact. \u003C/strong>As the use of open data evolves and becomes more dispersed, the NHS will need to find a balance between a centralized measurement function (which sets measurement standards, aggregates data across programmes, and monitors data quality) and a more diffused structure that empowers users at different levels of the organization.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1d45\" id=\"1d45\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Share what is learned (including failures) with everyone. \u003C/strong>By sharing what is learned (including mistakes and failures) on a regular basis, the NHS can enable distributed oversight and peer review mechanisms to ensure the quality of its research and enhance the way open data is used.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5e42\" id=\"5e42\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Build a research network and expert network \u003C/strong>to build capacity quickly and broker debate around methodology and findings. Outside expertise, gathered through meetings, online input, or an advisory board, will be critical in determining the best ways to assess impact.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0d2c\" id=\"0d2c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Develop an open health data ecology map, \u003C/strong>possibly using crowdsourcing, with a dictionary of all open health data sets used along with the variety of uses and users.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0494\" id=\"0494\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Publish, integrate and fine-tune the open data conceptual framework \u003C/strong>for feedback and improvement, using expert advisors and input from stakeholders.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"80df\" id=\"80df\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Engage citizens and practitioners in shaping the open health data programme. \u003C/strong>The NHS should engage experts in the field on a regular basis to determine which datasets have the highest priority for them; what new datasets should be released as open data; and which open data collections are particularly easy or difficult to use.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"e8f0\" id=\"e8f0\" data-align=\"center\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--li\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4daf\" id=\"4daf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--p\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 name=\"5770\" id=\"5770\" data-align=\"center\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\">THE OPEN DATA ERA IN HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE\u003C/h3>\u003Cblockquote name=\"cf6a\" id=\"cf6a\" data-align=\"center\" class=\"graf graf--pullquote graf-after--h3\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--pullquote-em\">A blueprint for the National Health Service (NHS England) to develop a research and learning programme for the open data era in health and social care\u003C/em>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cfigure name=\"fb90\" id=\"fb90\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--pullquote\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*80fdXLDZaPXFkMDmop8AOw.png\" data-width=\"813\" data-height=\"98\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*80fdXLDZaPXFkMDmop8AOw.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"5859\" id=\"5859\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--figure\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cblockquote name=\"1b88\" id=\"1b88\" class=\"graf graf--pullquote graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--pullquote-em\">Stefaan Verhulst\u003C/em>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cblockquote name=\"ff26\" id=\"ff26\" class=\"graf graf--pullquote graf-after--pullquote\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--pullquote-em\">Beth Simone Noveck\u003C/em>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cblockquote name=\"2196\" id=\"2196\" class=\"graf graf--pullquote graf-after--pullquote\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--pullquote-em\">Robyn Caplan\u003C/em>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cblockquote name=\"39ca\" id=\"39ca\" class=\"graf graf--pullquote graf-after--pullquote\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--pullquote-em\">Kristy Brown\u003C/em>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cblockquote name=\"60d7\" id=\"60d7\" class=\"graf graf--pullquote graf-after--pullquote\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--pullquote-em\">Claudia Paz1\u003C/em>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Ch4 name=\"dcbe\" id=\"dcbe\" data-align=\"center\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--pullquote\">The GOVLAB (NYU)\u003C/h4>\u003Ch4 name=\"e919\" id=\"e919\" data-align=\"center\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h4\">May 2014\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"433f\" id=\"433f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4 graf--trailing\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Csection name=\"f8cc\" class=\"section section--body section--last\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-divider\">\u003Chr class=\"section-divider\">\u003C/div>\u003Cdiv class=\"section-content\">\u003Cdiv class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\u003Cp name=\"0bd5\" id=\"0bd5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf--leading\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Ch2 name=\"4dd1\" id=\"4dd1\" class=\"graf graf--h2 graf-after--p\">Introduction\u003C/h2>\u003Cp name=\"a868\" id=\"a868\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h2\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"6ddf\" id=\"6ddf\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">In a recent study, a company called Mastodon C, based at the Open Data Institute in Shoreditch and working in conjunction with Ben Goldacre and Open Healthcare, analyzed massive amounts of data on prescription patterns released by the National Health Service. The analysis found significant geographic variations across England, with expensive prescription drugs being prescribed in some areas when generics would work just as well. If the findings of the study were applied to change prescription patterns, the savings could amount to more than 1 billion GBP per year.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a767\" id=\"a767\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Nine years ago, the Society for Cardiothoracic Surgeons began publishing the results of surgeries done by individual physicians across the UK. Surgical outcomes improved rapidly, and a report by the Society stated that “we believe that the marked, sustained, incremental improvement in the quality of care the surgical teams have achieved is directly associated with the process of recording, reporting and publishing outcomes at the level of the individual clinician.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6db3\" id=\"6db3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017The National Health Service has begun doing a “friends and family” study, using well-established survey methods to ask patients and their families whether they would recommend a particular hospital or care center. By publishing these “friends and family” ratings, the NHS hopes to give consumers more information and choice, and in the process improve the quality of care they receive.4\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"51b3\" id=\"51b3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">These examples, and many others we discuss in this report, are beginning to show the power of “open data” in healthcare. In recent years, a growing number of governments — from cities to states to regions — have committed to opening up the vast repositories of data they hold across agencies and departments, and in many cases to collecting new kinds of data for public use. The United Kingdom has been at the forefront of this open data revolution. According to two third-party measures, the Open Data Index and the Open Data Barometer, the UK is ahead of other developed countries (including the US, Australia and France) when it comes to the “reach” of its open data (measured by visits to and incoming links at the main open data websites). In the words of one leading UK official, the government has committed to “unleash a tsunami of data.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fd7b\" id=\"fd7b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Healthcare is one of the sectors with the potential to be most radically transformed by greater data accessibility. Indeed, many of the most important steps taken by the UK government with regard to open data involve open health data. In recent years, the NHS has invested substantial resources (financial and intellectual) into developing a comprehensive open data strategy. Information concerning GP prescribing, mortality rates, waiting times, and a wide variety of other data has been released to the public and researchers. An incipient ecology of innovation, analysis and research has begun to emerge as a result of such initiatives. Overall, the NHS’s efforts with regard to open data have the potential to transform the delivery and experience of healthcare, spurring greater efficiencies, more innovation, and, perhaps most importantly, better health outcomes for patients.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"01ac\" id=\"01ac\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The philosophical (or ethical) argument for open data can be explained by two principles. First, information whose collection is paid for by taxpayers should be available to those taxpayers; second, personal information about individuals (e.g., medical data) should likewise be accessible to those individuals. There is also an instrumental rationale for open data, which is that raw datasets lend themselves to computation and algorithmic analysis. What makes open data potentially transformative is the fact that it facilitates third parties to use it in ways that create new analyses, visualizations, and mash ups. This kind of innovation can transform raw data into knowledge. Solving complex challenges requires many people with diverse skills and talents to work together. When experts of all kinds have access to open data, it becomes a catalyst for creative problem solving and community innovation. “The real value [of open data] comes from interpretation, analysis, linking-up and reflection — in short, from being used,” says one database expert. “Keeping hold of data that you don’t use much is wasting potential. By making data open, you enable others to bring fresh perspectives, insights, and additional resources to your data, and that’s when it can become really valuable.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ecac\" id=\"ecac\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Today, the potential of open health data is widely recognized. Researchers, journalists and of course healthcare providers celebrate an opportunity to improve efficiency of service delivery, catalyze provider accountability, and help patients make more informed choices about their care. Yet much of this promise is still anecdotal and unproven. There is a dearth of systematic analysis and solid, empirical data. It remains very difficult to measure the value of open data interventions, and by extension to decide which initiatives are worth pursuing and which not.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5905\" id=\"5905\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The central premise of this paper is that as the NHS moves to release data systematically, it needs to put in place a strategy for measuring the value of open data for the various stakeholders involved in the nation’s healthcare system — and, indeed, for citizens in general. In today’s budgetary climate, it is not enough to assess the value of expensive and complicated government programmes after the fact. We need to enhance our ability to marshal an arsenal of evidence in order to protect investments in innovative and potentially important new programmes. By becoming more agile in how we measure innovations in governance like open data, we can make government more efficient, and more effective.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3c3b\" id=\"3c3b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To aid in this goal, this draft whitepaper articulates recommendations for the NHS to follow as it seeks to measure the impact of open data empirically. By laying out a research agenda to accompany the NHS’s open data strategy, our hope is to ensure that public investment in open data is supported by concrete evidence of its value, which, in turn, can be used to guide and evolve the ambitious plan to shift an entire nation’s bureaucracy to more evidence-based decision-making. We are releasing this as a draft in order to encourage discussion and additional insights from interested readers.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8c28\" id=\"8c28\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The paper is divided into four parts:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a30a\" id=\"a30a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Part I \u003C/strong>explains open data as a driver of innovation. We summarize the open data plans of the NHS, including the data the NHS holds, what it is planning to release and when, and the challenges to implementing a nationwide open data plan.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4229\" id=\"4229\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Part II \u003C/strong>lays out the arguments in favor of using open data in a healthcare setting (six value propositions), such as improving patient choice and strengthening provider accountability, and outlines the empirical evidence we currently have in support of each.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c74a\" id=\"c74a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Part III \u003C/strong>presents a series of metrics that can help the NHS measure its performance and improve its use of open data. It establishes a conceptual framework to use for continuously evolving and accelerating the ability to measure the impact of open data in healthcare.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1b17\" id=\"1b17\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Finally \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Part IV \u003C/strong>concludes with specific principles and recommendations to establish an Open Data Learning Environment (ODLE) — the practices and platforms by which to operationalize agile assessment and enable programme evolution.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5d04\" id=\"5d04\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--p\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"8c3c\" id=\"8c3c\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*6t23GfSDXbwCd0iITe26oQ.png\" data-width=\"203\" data-height=\"160\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*6t23GfSDXbwCd0iITe26oQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch2 name=\"f8c9\" id=\"f8c9\" data-align=\"center\" class=\"graf graf--h2 graf-after--figure\">Part I\u003C/h2>\u003Ch2 name=\"c9fe\" id=\"c9fe\" class=\"graf graf--h2 graf--empty graf-after--h2\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/h2>\u003Ch2 name=\"d739\" id=\"d739\" data-align=\"center\" class=\"graf graf--h2 graf-after--h2\">The Open Data Era\u003C/h2>\u003Cp name=\"8ed0\" id=\"8ed0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h2\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2f76\" id=\"2f76\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--p\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"630a\" id=\"630a\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">I.1 Health Data and the Open Data Revolution\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"b806\" id=\"b806\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"944e\" id=\"944e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The last decade or so has seen a data explosion around the world. In late 2012, it was estimated that there existed some 2.8 zettabytes (2.8 trillion GB) of data; this was expected to grow to 40ZB by 2020.11 Until recently, much of this data was closed to public access — hidden behind firewalls and passwords, protected by copyright or other legal barriers. In addition, some of the data was kept from the public due to legitimate concerns over privacy or national security.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f9b6\" id=\"f9b6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Recent years have witnessed something of a sea change in the way data is treated, particularly by governments and (to a lesser extent) private companies. Across the world, there has been a gradual — and sometimes not so gradual — transition underway from what McKinsey calls a culture of “protect” to one of “share, with protections.” With this transition comes huge opportunity. It is estimated that open data could help unlock $3-$5 trillion globally. In the EU27 economy, the value of open data was calculated to be €32 billion in 2010, with a 7% annual growth rate (see Appendix I for additional statistics).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8a46\" id=\"8a46\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">It is this move towards greater data transparency that marks what some observers have called an open data revolution. But just what is open data? Open data is often confused with another information science trend that has received significant media attention: Big Data. The two trends are related, but not identical.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"33db\" id=\"33db\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">There is no single, universally accepted definition of open data. In order to develop a working definition, the GovLab assembled nine current definitions (Appendix II) and placed them within a framework for comparative analysis (Appendix II: Table 1). The resulting definition, a synthesis that guides our discussion in this paper, is as follows:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bd95\" id=\"bd95\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Open data is publicly available data that can be universally and readily accessed, used, and redistributed free of charge. Open data is released in ways that protects private, personal or proprietary information. It is structured for usability and computability.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"54cd\" id=\"54cd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Ultimately, the \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">openness \u003C/em>of open data depends on the development of standards and best practices to guide the way data is presented and organized. The goal in opening data is to make it easier to find the data, present it in usable formats, and streamline terminology when possible. This will ensure that data is not only accessible, but also that it is readable, comprehensible and usable by a wide range of individuals. To achieve these goals, data should be: (1) published in a standard format; (2) published without proprietary conditions; and (3) available online in a downloadable format.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2ba7\" id=\"2ba7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Today, some forty countries have developed open data policies. These policies vary in the extent to which they meet these three conditions or match our working definition. Almost all , however, are motivated by efforts to break down existing silos and bureaucratic barriers across a wide range of information categories. Open data policies today apply to a variety of different kinds of information, including information related to land records, welfare schemes, and political operations and fundraising that can be accessed and used, is non-personally identifiable (through anonymization or pseudonymization), and is structured for usability and release, without restrictions of copyright or other mechanisms of control. There is reason to believe, however, that data transparency might prove to be a particularly revolutionary tool when it is applied to health information. As the six value propositions we discuss below suggest, health data might in some respects prove to be a unique category of information. Around the world, providers, researchers, and policy makers are articulating a new vision that some have begun to call “Health 2.0” or “Medicine 2.0” — a vision of coordinated, patient-centered healthcare that leverages data and technology to engage patients, integrate providers, and improve clinical outcomes. At the same time, health data poses certain challenges — particularly concerning privacy and identity — that require treatment with particular sensitivity and, at times, even restrictions. We also discuss these challenges below.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8d3b\" id=\"8d3b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In truth, health data — like all data — exists on a continuum from open to closed. In this paper, we suggest three categories on this continuum of “accessibility:”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2710\" id=\"2710\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">1 — Open Health Data: \u003C/strong>Currently open data is published under the Open Government License, and is available through the \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data.gov.uk \u003C/em>site, and through the Health & Social Care Information Centre at \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">HSCIC. gov.uk,\u003C/em>Public Health England, and other sites (see Appendix V for a complete list of data types and locations). Open data is made publicly available, in a user-friendly, interactive, or downloadable format.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a831\" id=\"a831\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">2 — Restricted Health Data: \u003C/strong>Data that potentially carries personal or proprietary information, which is anonymized through the removal of personally identifying information. Researchers or charities can then request to access this data, though they may have to fulfill additional criteria determined by the NHS.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7ba9\" id=\"7ba9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">3 — Published Health Data: \u003C/strong>Data that has been published in a particular format by the NHS or other governmental entities. This data is generally prepared for presentation in an interactive, .doc, or PDF format and the original data files are not included in the release. An example of published data would be NHS patient satisfaction surveys.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6a5c\" id=\"6a5c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">These categories have been developed through an analysis of health data as it is currently released through the NHS. What both the NHS and the HSCIC currently consider under the umbrella of “open health data” is limited, but eventually can come to include a greater variety and quantity of datasets throughout the NHS open data initiative.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"2026\" id=\"2026\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">I.2 The NHS and Open Data: Where We Stand\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"192d\" id=\"192d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1e5c\" id=\"1e5c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The United Kingdom has been at the forefront of global efforts to open up the data in governance, and especially in healthcare. The government’s 2012\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">White Paper on Open Data \u003C/em>begins with these ambitious words: “Data is the 21st century’s new raw material. Its value is in holding governments to account; in driving choice and improvements in public services; and in inspiring innovation and enterprise that spurs social and economic growth.” By the end of 2012, it was estimated that there were some 37,500 datasets publicly available on the UK government’s main data sites, including\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data.gov.uk\u003C/em>, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Ons.gov.uk, \u003C/em>and a variety of other local data stores including\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data.London.gov.uk. \u003C/em>In total, there had been some 2.7 million downloads from these sites.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b43e\" id=\"b43e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">From the beginning, the health sector and the NHS have been identified as priority areas for data initiatives. In fact, systematic collection of data in the NHS can be traced to the 1980s, long before current interest in open data or big data. It wasn’t until the 1990s, however, that a more robust data collection framework was established. Even then, the decision to upgrade and refine the way data was collected was driven not so much by a desire for increased transparency as by efforts to achieve greater economic efficiencies and introduce “internal markets” within the NHS. Such efforts were part of the government’s New Public Management (NPM) policies, and were designed to foster competition inside the NHS, separating out “providers” from “purchasers.” These efforts grew during the early 2000s, when NHS organizations were required to collect many more kinds of data, including information on waiting times, performance evaluation of general practitioners, names of patients with diabetes and strokes, and adverse events, which were reported to the National Patient Safety Agency.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5c90\" id=\"5c90\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In the last decade or so, the NHS has expanded its commitment to collecting and publishing open health data. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">The table “NHS Open Data Milestones” \u003C/strong>includes some key initiatives undertaken by the NHS and its partners. Two broad points stand out in particular. The first is a renewed commitment to data transparency following the election of the coalition government in 2010, a commitment that marks continuity with the previous government’s initiatives and thus a cross-party consensus on the value of open data. The current government’s commitment has been evident in a range of research and publications, notably the \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">White Paper on Open Data\u003C/em>and \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Power of Information (\u003C/em>both published in 2012), and the passage of the Health and Social Care Act of 2012, which placed open data and data transparency at the core of the government’s healthcare strategy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e091\" id=\"e091\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In addition, a hallmark of the UK’s data transparency policies (and arguably one of the key reasons for their success) has been third-party innovation. Current government and NHS policies call for de-identified data to be made available to researchers and industry in order to encourage such innovation. As a result, many new data-driven businesses have been developed with the support and collaboration of government agencies. For example, the Open Data Institute (a non-profit company seeded with £10 million of public money) has incubated several new companies. Likewise,\u003Cbr>Dr Foster Intelligence, which provides health-related information and research to the public, such as hospital and consultant guides, is now partially owned by the Department of Health.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0101\" id=\"0101\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">NHS OPEN DATA MILESTONES\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"70e7\" id=\"70e7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017In 2005, the NHS Information Centre was established to be the authoritative repository of NHS health information, making a wide range of data available to providers, researchers and patients.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d541\" id=\"d541\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017In 2007, NHS Choices was launched, empowering patients to make decisions about their healthcare based on comparative data about hospitals and GPs while offering information about conditions, treatments and healthy living. Users were also able to share their experiences of using NHS services. Currently, the site attracts 35 million monthly visits and studies have indicated its important (and largely positive) role in changing patient behavior.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"48bd\" id=\"48bd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017After the 2010 elections, the newly elected coalition government also gave priority to data transparency — including open health data — in a series of policy statements and choices, notably the White Paper on Open Data of 2012. In 2011, the Prime Minister David Cameron made his commitment to open data clear in a speech he delivered to a pharmaceutical and biotechnology conference:\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"722f\" id=\"722f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--li\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">“Now there’s something else that we’re doing… and that is opening up the vast amounts of data generated in our health service. From this month huge amounts of new data are going to be released online. This is the real world evidence that scientists have been crying out for and we’re determined to deliver it. We’ve seen how powerful the release of data can be… It is simply a waste to have a health system like the NHS and not to do this kind of thing. So we don’t want to stop there… Because believe me, we’re determined to convert these words and policy papers into action.”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"919d\" id=\"919d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017In 2012, the new Health and Social Care Act placed open data and data transparency at the core of its healthcare strategy. Among other things, it required the Health and Social Care Information Centre to release virtually all of the data it possessed (in anonymized form). Eighty-three new datasets were subsequently released as part of this requirement.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0013\" id=\"0013\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017 Also in 2012, the NHS published its new IT strategy, a ten-year plan called The Power of Information. The document promised, among other things, that “all health and care records held by hospitals and other service providers will be made securely available to patients;” and made a commitment that “by 2015, anyone in England will be able to access their GP health record online as well as book appointments with their GP or request repeat prescriptions online.”\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e02d\" id=\"e02d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017 In September 2013, the NHS launched the CareConnect Pilot, a phone and web service that allows citizens to interact with the NHS, get information, and provide real-time data through feedback and other mechanisms. The NHS has also announced its intention to launch a multi-channel customer service platform, the Health and Social Care Digital Service. Locally, the NHS developed a series of websites geared towards localities or regional healthcare needs (for example addressing dementia in South West England), such as \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">NHSLocal.nhs.uk (\u003C/em>now closed) and \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">MyHealthLondon.nhs.uk.\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6f62\" id=\"6f62\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017 The UK is benefitting from other open data initiatives around the world. In January, 2014, the Secretary of State for Health, NHS England, signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the US Department of Health and Human Services, recognizing the importance of establishing a collaboration to allow both countries to learn from the experiences of the other, and to align their approaches.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"21ff\" id=\"21ff\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">LOOKING FORWARD\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0824\" id=\"0824\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In particular, the policies and data architecture implemented over the past decade have laid the foundations for three main objectives: releasing more data; expanding datasets to measure health outcomes; and making data actionable for healthcare consumers. These priorities, already evident in recent initiatives, are likely to define the NHS’ open data efforts going forward.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0741\" id=\"0741\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Releasing more open data: \u003C/strong>Motivated in part by the success of publishing comparable data for cardiac surgical outcomes, England began in July 2013 publishing surgery outcome data for 10 major specialties. In February 2014, Secretary of State for Health, Jeremy Hunt, noted that these efforts would be taken even further with hospitals being asked to publish monthly staffing ratios, on a ward-by-ward basis. These initiatives reflect the NHS’ ongoing commitment to the release of more open data that can be used by patients, physicians and commissioners to compare the quality of care delivered across the NHS.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f05d\" id=\"f05d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Expanding datasets to measure health outcomes: \u003C/strong>The 2014/15 Outcomes Framework released by the Department of Health reiterates the commitment established in the 2010 White Paper, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Liberating the NHS, \u003C/em>to shift the focus from measuring process targets to health outcomes. In addition to re-focusing data collections on health indicators, NHS plans to transform the Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) into Care Episode Statistics (CES) by linking hospital datasets to a wide range of other datasets including primary care data, community health services data, clinical audit data, cancer registry data, social care data, mental health data, and, for those who wish to donate it, genomic data. This effort, known as Care. Data, will enrich data sources by collecting more granular data on all aspects of care received within hospitals, and will link clinical data collected throughout the NHS.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f42f\" id=\"f42f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Making data actionable for healthcare consumers: \u003C/strong>As part of an effort to move towards patient-centered and customer- focused care, the NHS is redesigning its publication systems to better meet the needs of individual patients. For example, the NHS is revamping its NHS Choices website to add feedback and transactional functionality. In addition, the new Health and Social Care Digital Service will be designed to offer enhanced functionality to the public through several mechanisms, including online appointment booking and prescription refills, secure connections to personal health records, and better social media integration as well as greater use of patient social networks.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8a96\" id=\"8a96\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Together, these recent initiatives act in concert to help the NHS achieve greater transparency and improve health outcomes. They define the parameters and contours of the NHS’s open data thinking, and help give direction to a data transparency strategy to guide the coming years.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"15ac\" id=\"15ac\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--p\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b2c2\" id=\"b2c2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--p\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cblockquote name=\"cd7a\" id=\"cd7a\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--blockquote-strong\">The US Context:\u003C/strong>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cblockquote name=\"a096\" id=\"a096\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--blockquote-em\">A MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES’ DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (HHS) AND NHS ENGLAND\u003C/em>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cblockquote name=\"4f99\" id=\"4f99\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--blockquote\">“Openness will strengthen our democracy and promote efficiency and effectiveness in Government.”\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cblockquote name=\"ab00\" id=\"ab00\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote\">- President Barack Obama\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cblockquote name=\"64f6\" id=\"64f6\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--blockquote-em\">In January, 2014, the United States’ Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and NHS England announced they had signed a bi-lateral agreement for the use and sharing of health IT information, tools, and services. This Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) is just part of a commitment that the United States and President Obama has made towards increasing transparency and openness in governance through declaring data maintained by the Federal government to be a national asset, calling for its rapid disclosure. In this MoU, the parties express a commitment to collaborate on open data initiatives, the adoption of digital records systems, and on priming the health IT market for additional collaborative practices.\u003C/em>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cblockquote name=\"f8ce\" id=\"f8ce\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--blockquote-em\">As a result of the MoU, NHS England will be able to benefit from not only its own open health data, but also that of the HHS. The Department of Health and Human Services was among the first agencies to begin sharing public health. Since then, the Health Data Initiative has posted nearly 1,000 datasets from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Administration for Children and Families, and other agencies on a dedicated health data website called HealthData.gov. These datasets include, among others, data that has been provided from publicly sponsored organizations such as Medicare and Medicaid, and other organizational data at the hospital, regional and state levels.\u003C/em>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cblockquote name=\"fab8\" id=\"fab8\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--blockquote-em\">To continue to be effective, the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) has acknowledged that data must not only be open, but should be accessible to as many individuals and organizations as possible. To achieve this objective, the HHS is revising their HealthData.gov platform to make it more efficient, flexible, and user-friendly.\u003C/em>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cblockquote name=\"8ae5\" id=\"8ae5\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--blockquote-em\">As part of the MoU, the HHS, NHS, and HSCIC are working with international organizations on initiatives regarding public and private interoperability, and international and inter-agency standards for health data. The MoU thus recognizes that ensuring interoperability is essential for promoting health information exchange, and that interoperability must take into account not only information technology, but also the social, political and organizational factors that may affect information exchange.\u003C/em>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cblockquote name=\"6a8e\" id=\"6a8e\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf--empty graf-after--blockquote\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/blockquote>\u003Cp name=\"3266\" id=\"3266\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--blockquote\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"f4d9\" id=\"f4d9\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*6t23GfSDXbwCd0iITe26oQ.png\" data-width=\"203\" data-height=\"160\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*6t23GfSDXbwCd0iITe26oQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch2 name=\"35aa\" id=\"35aa\" data-align=\"center\" class=\"graf graf--h2 graf-after--figure\">Part II\u003C/h2>\u003Cp name=\"d4db\" id=\"d4db\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h2\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Ch2 name=\"a833\" id=\"a833\" data-align=\"center\" class=\"graf graf--h2 graf-after--p\">Potential and Limitations of Open Data\u003C/h2>\u003Cp name=\"95c7\" id=\"95c7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h2\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8434\" id=\"8434\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--p\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a84a\" id=\"a84a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A number of governments, including in the UK, have argued that open data is the key to more transparent and accountable governance. Open data also has a range of other benefits. Through a review of existing evidence and literature, we have identified six domains that can be positively affected through open data initiatives in the health sector. These six domains, or value propositions, include: accountability, choice, efficiency, outcomes, customer service, and innovation and economic growth.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b264\" id=\"b264\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--p\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"c342\" id=\"c342\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*B2zhWpRQg2Q-wbnzx_tOiQ.png\" data-width=\"630\" data-height=\"447\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*B2zhWpRQg2Q-wbnzx_tOiQ.png\">\u003Cfigcaption class=\"imageCaption\">Figure 1: Six Value Propositions\u003C/figcaption>\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"e7fa\" id=\"e7fa\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Table II.1 \u003C/strong>summarizes these value propositions, and the following discussion explains them more fully. Taken together, they offer a powerful argument in favor of greater transparency — for healthcare in particular, but also more generally. At the same time, we have identified a number of challenges that, if left unaddressed, may limit the potential of open data. We discuss these challenges and barriers below.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"fb5b\" id=\"fb5b\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">II.1 Value Propositions for Using Open Health Data\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"4a7f\" id=\"4a7f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"87f1\" id=\"87f1\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*wf5a-dBOpi0FWA2SVGoqBg.png\" data-width=\"747\" data-height=\"438\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*wf5a-dBOpi0FWA2SVGoqBg.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cfigure name=\"7e7c\" id=\"7e7c\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--figure\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*qn8emdA_MoZbnLwumi14wQ.png\" data-width=\"757\" data-height=\"883\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*qn8emdA_MoZbnLwumi14wQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch4 name=\"73ee\" id=\"73ee\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--figure\">II .1 .1 . ACCOUNTABILITY\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"18e8\" id=\"18e8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Proposition: \u003C/strong>Opening data can enable accountability at the political and economic levels, helping to ensure that health regulators are meeting standards, and that physicians and hospitals are held accountable for unwanted variation and poor practices (for example, in the number of individuals dying from preventable diseases).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3fc7\" id=\"3fc7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Evidence from the Literature: \u003C/strong>Open data has a powerful role to play in ensuring that healthcare providers and regulators are held accountable for the quality of care they provide. Public access to performance data can provide important indications of variability in cost or quality of healthcare, allowing patients to make more informed decisions, and regulators to take necessary action. One well-known example concerns the publication by the New York State Cardiac Surgery Reporting System of hospital mortality rates following coronary artery bypass graft surgery. A number of subsequent studies found that the publication of this data increased market share for hospitals with lower mortality rates. In addition, there is evidence to suggest that the availability of the data served as something of a “shaming mechanism,” encouraging hospitals with higher mortality rates to change their practices and achieve improved outcomes. Similarly, an analysis of forty-five peer-reviewed articles, published in the \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Annals of Internal Medicine\u003C/em>, found evidence linking the public release of data to quality improvements in hospitals.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"11bd\" id=\"11bd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Increasing data transparency appears to have a particularly powerful role on the behavior of regulators. In the United Kingdom, a series of news stories based on public data brought to light the fact that the number of elderly patients dying from dehydration had doubled, and that the number killed by superbugs had risen by seven times between 1997 and 2010. Also in the United Kingdom, a doctor (unaffiliated with the NHS) used public data in 2009 to find that a hospital in Stafford had unusually high mortality rates. In each case, the revelations led to enquiries and subsequent actions by NHS regulators.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"efd1\" id=\"efd1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Concern does exist over the quality of data and the criteria used to measure quality. Data can be particularly problematic (and misleading) when it is based on subjective criteria or patient self-reporting. In addition, an over-reliance on quality indicators and rankings can skew incentives and behaviors among providers in ways that are not necessarily beneficial to patients. Such concerns are, without a doubt, valid. However, they argue not so much against the use of data for accountability, but rather make a case for more thought being put into how data is collected, designed and disseminated. We discuss issues related to data quality below.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"73fc\" id=\"73fc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Organizations affiliated with the NHS have already instituted a set of practices geared towards increasing accountability at the organizational and clinical levels through the use of public data, specifically audits. Using a clinical auditing process (including a critical analysis of national audit reports and findings from an online survey of NHS Trusts England), Christopher Loughlan and the Cambridge Institute for Research, Education and Management (CiREM) showed how audits can lead to changes in practice and greater adherence to published recommendations or guidelines. Loughlin found that these audits resulted in a number of positive outcomes, including increased prescription quality, patient management, reductions in patient harms, and resource allocation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2f0c\" id=\"2f0c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Taxonomy: \u003C/strong>As \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Table II.1 \u003C/strong>illustrates, within accountability, there are a number of distinctions that can be made, which should be considered in any discussion of the impact of open data.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"576f\" id=\"576f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Political: \u003C/strong>Improved transparency and accountability in terms of reaching desired outcomes in public health.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"71a2\" id=\"71a2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Economic: \u003C/strong>Improved accountability and transparency in spending, cost, waste, and fraud.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1832\" id=\"1832\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Participatory/Citizen Involvement: \u003C/strong>Increased public participation in healthcare services.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"39c9\" id=\"39c9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Organizational/Clinical: \u003C/strong>Higher success rates with regard to internal NHS objectives on patient outcomes.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"95d0\" id=\"95d0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Examples:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"5b31\" id=\"5b31\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*XEnstO5kvGgW1Q9ehb9kig.png\" data-width=\"766\" data-height=\"573\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*XEnstO5kvGgW1Q9ehb9kig.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cfigure name=\"6364\" id=\"6364\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--figure\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*AFc-8pB3sWXqDR_GNZVffQ.png\" data-width=\"741\" data-height=\"15\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*AFc-8pB3sWXqDR_GNZVffQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cfigure name=\"24e7\" id=\"24e7\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--figure\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*k9eUIjbJvN89iu9cq8I3cQ.png\" data-width=\"765\" data-height=\"200\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*k9eUIjbJvN89iu9cq8I3cQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch4 name=\"26dd\" id=\"26dd\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--figure\">II .1 .2 . CHOICE\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"4842\" id=\"4842\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Proposition: \u003C/strong>Open data on patient experience and health outcomes will allow patients to seek out the services that best meet their individual healthcare needs. Furthermore, increased access to health data will allow patients to choose among many providers and treatments, in turn driving patient satisfaction, quality improvements and the enhancement of standards in many areas within the NHS.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"08a1\" id=\"08a1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Evidence from the Literature: \u003C/strong>Greater public access to data and information has increased consumer choice in a range of sectors, ranging from travel to finance to shopping. A similar enhancement of choice can be expected with regard to healthcare. Indeed, patient choice is an essential driver of quality and efficiency in healthcare. In the UK, this fact was recognized as far back as 2002, when the then Secretary of State for Health Alan Milburn stated that “choice is the primary means by which you can drive the NHS to focus on the needs of its individual members.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"77f4\" id=\"77f4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">There now exists widespread evidence that data does indeed influence the way patients seek healthcare, expanding their options and the range of sources from which they seek information. It has long been established, for instance, that medical information on the Internet plays a role in influencing patients’ decisions, in some cases an even bigger role than that played by their doctors. A recent survey of 6,000 patients in the US found that nearly half (48.6%) went to the Internet first for information on cancer (compared to 10.9% who went to their doctor). Likewise, a Pew Internet and American Life Project found that of the people who turned to the Internet for healthcare information, more than half reported that it influenced their treatment decision. A recent survey on the impact of NHS Choices (nhs.uk) similarly finds a range of evidence to suggest that the availability of medical data plays a significant role in influencing how patients seek care. Jeremy Hunt, the UK Secretary of State for Health has emphasized the importance of using data to provide patients with choices, arguing that “there is the business of healthcare but underneath all of this there is something much more important, which is putting people in control of the data that affects the single thing that matters more to them and their families…their healthcare.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4e77\" id=\"4e77\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Open data can be particularly helpful in aiding patients in the access of information that will allow them to evaluate different treatment programmes. Open health data in this area should support the guidelines outlined in the NHS 2013/14 Choice Framework. In fact, the policy of offering patients a choice regarding where and from whom they receive hospital treatment was implemented by the NHS already in 2006, in order to drive up competition between providers and encourage efficiency and responsiveness. Results from a study assessing the effectiveness of choice programmes showed that quality assessments will become more important in influencing patient decisions and choices as quality-related information is made more readily available. Recognizing this, NHS England has made a commitment to facilitating shared decision making between patients and their physicians, through embedding it as an objective within the NHS Constitution and the NHS Mandate.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ca5b\" id=\"ca5b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The link between data-influenced choices and positive outcomes is somewhat more complicated. Evidence does exist to suggest that data can have a positive influence. An NHS survey concluded that 37% of patients who used the NHS Choices website witnessed an appropriate decrease in GP consultations, and that this translated into savings of approximately £44 million a year. Based on an analysis of data conducted during the Swine Flu panic of 2009, the study also concluded that availability of data could be particularly helpful during epidemic and public services by limiting demand for medical services.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8727\" id=\"8727\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">It is however important to note that a growing body of evidence also suggests the information on its own may not always lead patients to make better (or more informed) medical decisions. This may be because, as Neil Manson and Onora O’Neill point out, patients are not always “rational” decision makers. In many cases, it may also have to do with limited numeracy skills, or limited ability to analyze and understand vast amounts of medical data. Thus while recent years have witnessed a move towards more “patient-centered” practices, there is also a growing appreciation of the need for “shared decision-making” approaches. Such approaches combine data-driven and information-armed patients with the clinical judgment of doctors. In such approaches, the presentation of data and its integration with structured “decision aids” can be critical.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b239\" id=\"b239\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Taxonomy: \u003C/strong>Choice has at least two dimensions:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"78c0\" id=\"78c0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Variety: \u003C/strong>Increasing the amount of information available to patients for their decision-making\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c1f2\" id=\"c1f2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Quality: \u003C/strong>Increasing the quality, completeness, and timeliness of information provided to patients and the broader public to determine whether treatment is needed and/or available.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"251d\" id=\"251d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Examples:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7c3b\" id=\"7c3b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">NHS Choices \u003C/strong>provides information on NHS healthcare, social care and healthy lifestyles. It uses a combination of decision tools, open data on service providers and, increasingly, patient feedback to enable patients to compare and choose treatments and services. Content is co-produced with “trusted affiliates” such as Patientopinion.org.uk.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"41b4\" id=\"41b4\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*Ldg8MrgOQLiIsfyZVEhR6w.png\" data-width=\"750\" data-height=\"822\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*Ldg8MrgOQLiIsfyZVEhR6w.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch4 name=\"2360\" id=\"2360\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--figure\">II .1 .3 . EFFICIENCY:\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"9d4e\" id=\"9d4e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e7a1\" id=\"e7a1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Proposition: \u003C/strong>The availability of open data will prompt NHS organizations to be more cost-effective, will accelerate data-sharing practices and communication strategies, and will improve care quality. Comparative data regarding efficiency across hospitals and administrations can be used to develop best practices and better standards. The impact of open data on efficiency places a special importance on the organizational setting of healthcare, including purchasing, labour, and professional practices.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5931\" id=\"5931\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Evidence from the Literature: \u003C/strong>Open data has a vital role to play in lowering costs, reducing fraud and increasing productivity — all vital steps towards creating a more efficient healthcare system. With healthcare today consuming ever-larger shares of national GDP (9.3% in the UK, 17.9% in the US), finding a way to achieve greater efficiencies without negatively affecting outcomes is a major public policy priority. Whereas accountability focuses on broader, macro-level indicators of spending and costs, efficiency examines data between hospitals, clinics, and regions of the NHS, to identify areas of concern. These measures go beyond cost and distribution of resources, to include rates of treatment (including drug prescriptions, surgical operations, etc.), and the use of systems that enable better communication between healthcare practitioners and across agencies. Efficiency also encompasses other areas, such as wait-times and management of health records.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4f60\" id=\"4f60\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Numerous examples exist in which public access to data has identified or could potentially identify significant cost savings. In one widely publicized instance (mentioned in the introduction), Mastodon C and Open Healthcare UK (two startups) worked in collaboration with Ben Goldacre, a journalist and doctor, to examine data sets containing GP prescriptions for generic and patented statins in England. By examining regional variations, they were able to identify potential savings of £200 million. Similarly, a study conducted by McKinsey concluded that using open data to assist patients with chronic conditions could help reduce the costs associated with poor drug adherence, currently estimated at $100-$289 billion annually in the United States.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"45c0\" id=\"45c0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Greater use of open data can also help control fraud — a major drain on health budgets, estimated at around £3.35 billion annually in the United Kingdom, and some $80-$98 billion in the United States. For example, regulators and public watchdogs could combine demographic data and claim information for given regions to find cases of over-billing or fraudulent billing. In the United States, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) use public records and a variety of other data to assign risk scores to patients and providers, thereby allowing the CMS to better target its compliance resources.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fde4\" id=\"fde4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Efficiency is a complicated (and sometimes loaded) concept in the context of healthcare. A narrow focus on economic efficiency can in fact be deleterious to patient welfare. More than fifty years after the publication of Kenneth Arrow’s seminal essay on health economics, “Uncertainty and the welfare economics of medical care,” markets and healthcare continue to co-exist uneasily. Nonetheless, there is reason to think that better and more public data can help reduce some of the inefficiencies inherent in healthcare markets — and, importantly, do so without harming patient interests.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"113d\" id=\"113d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Taxonomy: \u003C/strong>There are a number of dimensions involved in any discussion of efficiency within the NHS system.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"45a4\" id=\"45a4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Operational: \u003C/strong>Improving the speed at which patients are processed, treated, and discharged.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e72c\" id=\"e72c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Economic: \u003C/strong>Lowering the costs associated with each hospital or service, for example by comparing open data across regional and local contexts.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d776\" id=\"d776\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Communication and Technology: \u003C/strong>Identifying spots in the healthcare system where communication needs to be improved both internally and externally (i.e., by reaching the broader public).\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6931\" id=\"6931\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Treatment: \u003C/strong>Determining which treatments work effectively, and for which populations.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b013\" id=\"b013\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Resource allocation: \u003C/strong>Determining where and when services are needed most.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"9947\" id=\"9947\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Examples:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"c775\" id=\"c775\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*KOjcaXAVmCpXwZrp2bHiLg.png\" data-width=\"748\" data-height=\"551\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*KOjcaXAVmCpXwZrp2bHiLg.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch4 name=\"1383\" id=\"1383\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--figure\">II .1 .4 . OUTCOMES:\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"4aad\" id=\"4aad\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7f7c\" id=\"7f7c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Proposition: \u003C/strong>Publishing data on general outcomes across the NHS system drives competition between healthcare professionals, which can in turn spur quality improvements and innovation. Opening health data to analysts and researchers improves both the quality and consistency of evaluation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f35a\" id=\"f35a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Evidence from the Literature: \u003C/strong>Perhaps one of the most significant value propositions for open data is its potential to positively affect the mission that is in many ways at the heart of any healthcare system: improved patient outcomes. Early evidence linking open data with improved outcomes was somewhat mixed. Today, however, there exists considerable evidence suggesting that increased data transparency can lead to improved outcomes. For instance, several studies have found reduced mortality rates following the implementation of the New York State Cardiac Surgery Reporting System mentioned earlier (“Accountability”). The NHS has also found that publishing comparable data on clinical outcomes, which it began some nine years ago, has reduced the number of deaths in heart surgeries by up to 1,000 annually. Similar results have been seen in Germany and Sweden, where public reporting of health data has significantly improved a variety of health outcomes, including recovery following aortic aneurysm repair, and cardiology-related ailments.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2725\" id=\"2725\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Open data can also improve outcomes by playing a role in preventive healthcare. The rise of the “quantified self ” movement allows individuals to compare their health status with demographic information contained in public databases. Applications like 100plus.com, for instance, benchmark individual data against public records maintained by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Data can also be used to avoid adverse drug reactions by matching patient profiles to patterns of adverse reactions contained in public data sets. Conversely, public databases can be used to match patients, based on demographic or other features, to treatments that are likely to be effective. In another example, suggestive of the range of possibilities for data in preventive healthcare, the Veterans Health Administration in the United States uses data (including public registers of deaths) to monitor and prevent suicides among veterans.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a904\" id=\"a904\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Taxonomy: \u003C/strong>Though it is beneficial to think of outcomes primarily in terms of the health outcomes prioritized by the NHS, there are a number of other types of outcomes that can be identified.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"1031\" id=\"1031\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Health outcomes: \u003C/strong>Assessing whether the entire NHS, or its individual hospitals and regions, have achieved NHS health outcome measures.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"21e8\" id=\"21e8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Quality of care: \u003C/strong>Increasing the quality of treatment while achieving health outcomes.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b976\" id=\"b976\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Efficiency: \u003C/strong>Enables hospitals and regions to compare their services and outcomes, to identify weak spots within their individual systems.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ea08\" id=\"ea08\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Resource allocation: \u003C/strong>Identifying high-risk patients, directing resources to high-need communities, all in service of improving overall outcomes.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"79e2\" id=\"79e2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Examples:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"6ab8\" id=\"6ab8\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*zvquZT0HktxxVUxxCl2GUw.png\" data-width=\"729\" data-height=\"679\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*zvquZT0HktxxVUxxCl2GUw.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cfigure name=\"bb4d\" id=\"bb4d\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--figure\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*VanPrDGtluD6WRcvHapO2w.png\" data-width=\"732\" data-height=\"14\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*VanPrDGtluD6WRcvHapO2w.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cfigure name=\"a2e6\" id=\"a2e6\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--figure\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*Ug_JO0y5CpA4VdqaLmC0IA.png\" data-width=\"735\" data-height=\"566\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*Ug_JO0y5CpA4VdqaLmC0IA.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch4 name=\"c4e5\" id=\"c4e5\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--figure\">II .1 .5 . CUSTOMER SERVICE AND PATIENT SATISFACTION:\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"2c07\" id=\"2c07\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e28b\" id=\"e28b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Proposition: \u003C/strong>Improving patient access to data and providing convenient customer-oriented services, such as online appointment booking and prescription refills, will enable the NHS to achieve world-class customer service and improve efficiency.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3189\" id=\"3189\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Evidence from the Literature: \u003C/strong>Patient satisfaction is determined by multiple variables. Outcomes are of course among the most important. But customer service — and the overall patient experience — also plays an important role not only in determining satisfaction, but also in affecting medical decisions to seek or not seek treatment in the first place.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"db4f\" id=\"db4f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Measuring patient satisfaction is not straightforward. Self-reported satisfaction surveys can be unreliable, biased by unrealistic patient expectations. Nonetheless, there is growing evidence that better use of data (and information technology more generally) can help address common patient complaints such as waiting times or impersonal service. In a report on the wait list problem,” for instance, the British Columbia Medical Association found an important role played by public awareness and patient access to information about waiting times. In Ontario, a new programme uses clinical data on waiting periods for cancer patients to help doctors adjust staffing patterns and better serve patient needs. Electronic health records that make use of data and cutting edge technology can also help: one study by the Arizona State University found that patient waiting times in emergency rooms were reduced by 22 percent at hospitals that deployed such EHRs.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0545\" id=\"0545\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Using data to improve customer service is still in an exploratory phase. A range of innovations are being deployed across healthcare systems. In the NHS, there have been efforts to use real-time data and qualitative data to better understand and enhance the patient experience. Similarly in the United States, the Cleveland Clinic has been at the forefront of many customer service innovations. These include “open access scheduling,” “patient reported outcomes,” and an “open medical records policy” that allows patients to access their own records online. All these initiatives are part of an ongoing effort to use greater transparency as a tool not only to improve outcomes efficiencies, but also to change the way patients experience the process of seeking medical care.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3993\" id=\"3993\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Taxonomy: \u003C/strong>In the relationship between the NHS and their patients as consumers, two important dimensions can help to measure the effectiveness of open data in enhancing customer service.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"f9de\" id=\"f9de\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Quality of care\u003C/strong>: Ensuring that patients have a positive experiences of care, both with regard to their physician and the general healthcare system. Also, increasing the amount of information the patient has in their treatment programme.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"67d8\" id=\"67d8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Quantity of patients served: \u003C/strong>Decreasing wait times, and increasing the number of patients served through emergency services, general practitioners and specialists. Shorter wait-times for GPs and specialists are especially important.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"6ff7\" id=\"6ff7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Examples:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"23d2\" id=\"23d2\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*u4aVXE3F5XBl8Md1ik4duA.png\" data-width=\"737\" data-height=\"184\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*u4aVXE3F5XBl8Md1ik4duA.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cfigure name=\"bc44\" id=\"bc44\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--figure\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*VanPrDGtluD6WRcvHapO2w.png\" data-width=\"732\" data-height=\"14\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*VanPrDGtluD6WRcvHapO2w.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cfigure name=\"1e0b\" id=\"1e0b\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--figure\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*-GcW5b2fPk9qS1ccvOxrKQ.png\" data-width=\"731\" data-height=\"499\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*-GcW5b2fPk9qS1ccvOxrKQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"8f8c\" id=\"8f8c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--figure\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"6f05\" id=\"6f05\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">II .1 .6 . INNOVATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"0c84\" id=\"0c84\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8d29\" id=\"8d29\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Proposition: \u003C/strong>Currently, health data is difficult to request and often expensive. If more data is collected and distributed, the UK will build on its standing as a center for research and innovation. Having all the data in one place will mean analyses can be done at the population level, making the UK an attractive destination for health research as well as health innovation.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a9d4\" id=\"a9d4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Evidence from the Literature: \u003C/strong>Considerable evidence exists to suggest that open data can spur economic growth and innovation at both a national and regional level. The figures are striking. McKinsey estimates that the United States stands to create more than $300 billion in new value through greater data transparency. The Centre for Economics and Business Research (CEBR) estimates that the EU’s move towards more openness in data will create 58,000 jobs in the UK by 2017 and add £216 billion to the nation’s GDP.92 Such figures are not limited to developed nations. As the World Bank (and others) have found, developing countries stand to be among the biggest beneficiaries of greater transparency.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7821\" id=\"7821\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The link between open data and growth runs through many pathways. One of the most important is the opportunity offered by open data to entrepreneurs and innovators. Pharmaceutical companies, for instance, can use open data to run more efficient clinical drug trials. We have already seen some of the potential efficiencies offered by data to providers and hospitals. Importantly, the potential for innovation is not restricted to existing players. In recent years, a changing healthcare data landscape has led to the creation of entirely new industries and new types of companies. Data mining operations, automated imaging and image analysis businesses, a plethora of new consumer websites and mobile apps: these are just some of the entities emerging in the new ecosystem. Tim Kelsey, the National Director for Patients and Information at the NHS, has emphasized that open data comes first, and innovation will follow. “Our job is to simply make the data available,” he said at the Strata Conference in London 2013. “The benefit comes only when [entrepreneurs] become properly engaged and start turning that data into accessible tools and services.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fb88\" id=\"fb88\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Taxonomy: \u003C/strong>Indicators to determine the impact of open data on innovation and economic growth can be split into several categories. These include:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"4a2a\" id=\"4a2a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Quantity: \u003C/strong>Increasing the number of services provided, and increasing competition between different businesses and innovators.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d192\" id=\"d192\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Variety: \u003C/strong>Increasing the variability of new services and applications.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b761\" id=\"b761\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Labour: \u003C/strong>Increasing the number of individuals employed through the development of new services and applications.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1619\" id=\"1619\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Economic: \u003C/strong>Increasing the amount of financing given to third party initiatives that can benefit the healthcare system.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"adf4\" id=\"adf4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Research: \u003C/strong>Ensuring that researchers are made aware of available data, and that it can contribute to their research programmes effectively.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"8f70\" id=\"8f70\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Examples:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"0e1c\" id=\"0e1c\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*j2AxbUddlL51H71JtdWgBQ.png\" data-width=\"742\" data-height=\"167\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*j2AxbUddlL51H71JtdWgBQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cfigure name=\"e266\" id=\"e266\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--figure\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*EIRW5XGWj_PFVoF1seHFSA.png\" data-width=\"748\" data-height=\"670\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*EIRW5XGWj_PFVoF1seHFSA.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch4 name=\"522d\" id=\"522d\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--figure\">II.2 Potential Challenges and Barriers to Open Data\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"62b4\" id=\"62b4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"716f\" id=\"716f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The preceding discussion makes evident the opportunities offered by open data. Along with the opportunities, however, come certain risks. Open data is in many ways a “disruptive” phenomenon. Like all disruptive technologies, its implementation is likely to throw up several challenges and obstacles. This section discuss four obstacles to the implementation of open data in a healthcare setting:\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"bb11\" id=\"bb11\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*0y4GSq_nus0t46p4mSLFiw.png\" data-width=\"772\" data-height=\"177\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*0y4GSq_nus0t46p4mSLFiw.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"1b18\" id=\"1b18\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">The list is not exhaustive. Moreover, because the field of open data is rapidly evolving, a moving target, the list is likely to change over time. Nonetheless, this section represents a preliminary attempt to consider some of the key challenges that are likely to affect the potential of open data.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"e6eb\" id=\"e6eb\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">II .2 .1 . CULTURAL AND INSTITUTIONAL BARRIERS\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"9787\" id=\"9787\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1a2c\" id=\"1a2c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Institutional, bureaucratic and cultural resistance pose a significant challenge to data transparency. A recent study of barriers to open data conducted in the Netherlands placed “closed government culture” at the top of a ten-item list. Such resistance can stem from vested interests (e.g., fear of losing authority, or of being exposed) or simply from an inherent fear of the unknown. In either case, achieving the potential of open data, in healthcare as well as other sectors, often requires what \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The Guardian \u003C/em>calls “cultural change in the public sector.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6bdf\" id=\"6bdf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Not all resistance is bureaucratic in nature, nor is it limited to the public sector. Resistance to open data can be more subtle, stemming from engrained habits, or personal judgments and biases established over decades. Patients, providers, and administrators must all adapt to a new way of collecting and using data; as a recent McKinsey report puts it, “this is a personal revolution as much as an analytical one.” The report cites the example of doctors who may be reluctant to replace or augment their clinical judgment, built over years of experience, with data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"43d0\" id=\"43d0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">It is also worth emphasizing that resistance is not limited to the adoption of open data, or indeed to technology. In a 1998 \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">BMJ \u003C/em>paper on “Change and Resistance to Change in the NHS,” Diane Plamping wrote about a history of opposition to newness, and the difficulty of altering behavior in complex organizations. In this sense, the challenges confronting open data within organizations like the NHS are part of the more general challenge of “change management.” The literature on this topic is vast, but emphasizes collaboration, clear explanation of the benefits, and sincere efforts to address the concerns of those most affected by change. In addition, in the context of open data, creating an ecosystem (including technical documentation, APIs, and applications) that clearly demonstrates the benefits and viability of data transparency can be helpful in overcoming resistance.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6996\" id=\"6996\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Relevant Legislation\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2932\" id=\"2932\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The legislative landscape for open health data should be seen both in light of laws governing the confidentiality and treatment of medical health records, and the legal framework of open data itself. Medical data in the United Kingdom is governed by four legislative acts:111 (1) Public Records 1958; (2) Data Protection Act 1998; (3) Access to Medical Reports Act 1988; and (4) Access to Health Records Act 1990.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"29e5\" id=\"29e5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Open data should also consider laws governing the use of identifiable data in research, such as the Data Protection Act (1998) and the Caldicott Standards (1997) and is based on the European Data Protection Directive (95/46/EC). Existing regulation concerns the use of personal data across a wide range of sectors, including patient and medical data. A fundamental principle of the Data Protection Act (1998) is to use the minimal amount of personal data necessary to satisfy a purpose, to ensure\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c857\" id=\"c857\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">that individual service users cannot be identified from data used to support purposes other than primary or direct care. To satisfy the Data Protection Act, the NHS supports the anonymisation or de-identification of data in some cases, and the pseudonymization of data in others. When anonymized, identifiable information is obscured within the person’s records sufficiently so as to garner minimal risk. This is done through the removal of personal identifiers, the use of identifier ranges (such as using value ranges instead of age), and through the use of pseudonyms.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5d7e\" id=\"5d7e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Since not all open health data concerns patient records (e.g., many NHS bodies also generate financial information), these legislative acts are not always relevant to the protection of NHS data. When these acts do not apply, the Freedom of Information Act (2000) should be viewed as the relevant legislative force. This legislation was amended in 2012 to encourage public sector organizations to increase the number of datasets they make available, in a re-usable format.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"33bd\" id=\"33bd\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">II .2 .2 . PRIVACY\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"2d51\" id=\"2d51\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"61f9\" id=\"61f9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Sometimes two core societal values can come into tension. Even as governments increase their commitment to data transparency, there is concern that privacy could be threatened. On the one hand, there is little doubt that existing privacy legislation can sometimes represent a barrier to open data. The Dutch study mentioned above cites privacy concerns and legislation as the second most important barrier to open data implementation (after cultural barriers).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cefb\" id=\"cefb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">On the other hand, open data offers new challenges to privacy, pushing the barriers of existing protections and legislation in ways that must be addressed by organizations and authorities. Concerns over privacy include worries that personally identifiable (PII) data may be misused or inappropriately shared; that data made available in the name of the public interest may be used for unauthorized commercial purposes; and that data may be inaccurate or contain wrong information potentially harmful to individuals.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3c2a\" id=\"3c2a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Efforts to de-personalize and anonymize data form an important part of any attempt to address privacy concerns. Yet anonymization represents only a partial response. It is now well established that even apparently anonymized data can be aggregated or otherwise manipulated so that it is de-anonymized and effectively tied to an individual. For example, researchers have conducted studies using crowdsourced metadata in the form of phone numbers, and found that, when combined with other free and public data sources such as Yelp, Google Places, and Facebook, it is possible to identify ostensibly anonymized individuals. Similar instances have been documented in a number of cases by researchers and real-life events, calling into question the usefulness of anonymization as a weapon against privacy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6ae0\" id=\"6ae0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The difficulties of protecting privacy should not be taken as an argument against greater transparency. They do, however, call for a more measured approach to open data, one that takes into account the need for public trust and that builds privacy protections into the architecture of open data policies. For example, policies should include informed consent provisions (to whatever extent practical: it is not always possible to seek consent, nor are all individuals always fully informed). In addition, to bolster the role of the individual in privacy-protection, data collection policies can integrate a more flexible opt-out clause, allowing users to revoke consent at any time.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9e04\" id=\"9e04\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">It must also be recognized that, although fully informed consent is not always possible, it is not desirable to return to a paternalistic model that takes away a patient’s ability or right to consent. Building oversight into the consent and data collection and use process is therefore an important part of ensuring privacy. This can be done through third-party audits and reviews of anonymization techniques, or by building greater awareness of privacy rights, for example in the design and wording of consent forms. Finally, any efforts to open data must be accompanied by strong disclosure and notification mechanisms to inform individuals and the public when data violations do occur. Such oversight is an essential part of ensuring accountability and discouraging practices that may lead to privacy or security breaches.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"56c1\" id=\"56c1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Safeguards for data sharing in the NHS: the care .data Programme\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f2f1\" id=\"f2f1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">care.data — NHS England’s initiative to evolve existing data flows from hospitals to other NHS funded care contexts in order to enable analysis of patient outcomes along the pathway of care and planning for more integrated services, as well as improve resources for clinical research — was postponed for six months after concerns were raised by doctors and patient groups about the safeguards for the uses of the data and the quality of public information. The postponement was welcomed by critics and civil liberties groups who argued that most people did not understand the procedures under the new system, and that there would be little way for the public to determine who was using their medical records.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b65b\" id=\"b65b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In light of these concerns, the British government has introduced new legislation to provide for independent scrutiny of data sharing in health care, and also to give patients the right to opt out.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"08a8\" id=\"08a8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">care.data is now being re-developed to ensure that patients and professionals are properly informed of the safeguards around confidentiality and in relation to uses of the data — in ways that enable the clinical and research benefits to be realised.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"d8ca\" id=\"d8ca\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">II .2 .3 . STANDARDS AND INTEROPERABILITY\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"e04a\" id=\"e04a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c365\" id=\"c365\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Many of the value propositions outlined for open data depend to a significant degree on “data liquidity” — the ability of data to flow easily among providers, patients and other groups involved in healthcare. Data liquidity has been described as occurring “when health [data] flows faster and more freely”; or when health IT can “bring … information immediately to clinicians, patients, and others when and where they need it.” When a complex, multi-leveled agency (such as the NHS, but this also applies to many other government agencies) decides to make data open, this does not necessarily mean that data becomes widely accessible. For one thing, much government data exists in what Bill Schrier, writing for the O’Reilly Labs, calls “ancient media” and “medieval databases” — non-digital, archived formats. Even when data is electronic, it often exists in proprietary formats, effectively trapped in information silos.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d57e\" id=\"d57e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">It is therefore essential that the release of open data is accompanied by openness and transparency at the level of the technical standards that define that data. The more widespread a standard, and the more transparent its definition, the more the spirit of openness inherent in open data can actually be fulfilled. Every effort should be made to define data using standards like XML, and through the use of APIs that enhance accessibility. As a recent report commissioned by the UK Cabinet Office makes clear, the use of open standards doesn’t simply promote access and openness: it also prevents lock-in to proprietary IT systems, promotes innovation and competition, and can lower the overall cost of large IT projects.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1ed7\" id=\"1ed7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In addition to technical interoperability, there is a need to promote semantic interoperability through the establishment and enforcement of data standards across datasets. The NHS has established a set of data standards and a set of guidelines to ensure consistent data formats and coding systems for electronic records within the NHS.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dd91\" id=\"dd91\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Finally, it is worth mentioning that interoperability itself can mean many things and has multiple levels in a healthcare setting. The box below (Box I) describes three different types of interoperability, as included in a 2008 report by the UK Information Standards Board for Health and Social Care.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a063\" id=\"a063\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">1) Technical Interoperability: \u003C/strong>“the ability of two or more systems to exchange data accurately, effectively, securely, and consistently such that the relationship between the data items is preserved between the sending and receiving system.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5bad\" id=\"5bad\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">2) Semantic Interoperability: \u003C/strong>“the ability to communicate and exchange information accurately, effectively, securely, and consistently between different information technology systems, software applications, and networks in various settings, and exchange data such that clinical or operational purpose, context and meaning of the information are preserved and unaltered. The system will be capable of utilising this information to provide simple and complex alerts and interface with decision support applications. “\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6046\" id=\"6046\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">3) Process Interoperability: \u003C/strong>“the ability to communicate and exchange information accurately, effectively, securely, and consistently between different information technology systems, software applications, and networks in various settings, and exchange data such that clinical or operational purpose, context and meaning of the information are preserved and unaltered. The system will be capable of utilizing this information to provide simple and complex alerts and interface with decision support applications and in addition will be capable of filtering and summarising information and presenting this to the clinical team along with triggers that support work processes and care plans.”\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"2357\" id=\"2357\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">II .2 .4 . GOOD ANALYSIS\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"9abb\" id=\"9abb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b27b\" id=\"b27b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">It may be true, as so much of the technical and business literature argues, that a decision is only as good as the underlying data. However, good data does not guarantee a good decision. Another way of saying this is that data does not exist or “act” in a vacuum: it is mediated through human judgments and subjectivity. Those judgments may be flawed; data can be misinterpreted and misunderstood, often due to personal biases or organizational or cultural pressures. Arguably, such mistakes are more likely to occur in situations where large amounts of data are suddenly made available: a data glut, as much as data paucity, can pose severe analytical challenges.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f1eb\" id=\"f1eb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Open data can also be deliberately misinterpreted or misused. A recent report cites the (hypothetical) example of MRI providers who use open data to “target consumers for treatment based on their characteristics, rather than actual need.” Similarly, open data can be used to target or market to patients from disadvantaged and less-informed demographics.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7905\" id=\"7905\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A comprehensive data transparency policy will therefore embed its approach to open data within a human and social context. It will take account of ways data can be abused or misused. It will focus on developing not only technical capacity within an organization, but also human analytical capacity. As a recent \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Harvard Business Review \u003C/em>article entitled “Good Data Won’t Guarantee Good Decisions” puts it: “IT needs to spend more time on the ‘I’ and less on the ‘T.’” Training, education, mentoring and general human capacity building are all part of this process, and essential components of any effort to increase data transparency.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2425\" id=\"2425\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--p\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"f5b8\" id=\"f5b8\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*6t23GfSDXbwCd0iITe26oQ.png\" data-width=\"203\" data-height=\"160\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*6t23GfSDXbwCd0iITe26oQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch2 name=\"585b\" id=\"585b\" data-align=\"center\" class=\"graf graf--h2 graf-after--figure\">Part III\u003C/h2>\u003Cp name=\"a9c1\" id=\"a9c1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h2\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Ch2 name=\"269a\" id=\"269a\" data-align=\"center\" class=\"graf graf--h2 graf-after--p\">Towards a Conceptual Framework for Open Data in Healthcare\u003C/h2>\u003Cp name=\"06e6\" id=\"06e6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h2\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"967b\" id=\"967b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Part I \u003C/strong>and \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Part II \u003C/strong>of this paper have highlighted some of the potential and challenges of open data in healthcare. In this section, we seek to develop a conceptual framework that will help to achieve that potential and limit those challenges. A conceptual framework can help to measure the impact of open data. It offers a model that will allow the NHS to become more \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">goal-oriented, \u003C/em>permitting it to set clear priorities for the use of open data and targets for change. In addition,\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2556\" id=\"2556\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">a conceptual framework can help the NHS become more \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">agile\u003C/em>, allowing it to focus on continuous improvement by periodically measuring results, thereby providing the basis for adjustments (tactical and strategic) to keep open data projects on track. Our overall goal in this section is to develop a roadmap and research agenda for the implementation of open data policies and applications in a healthcare setting.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"d388\" id=\"d388\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">III.1.What is a conceptual framework and why do we need one?\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"1f76\" id=\"1f76\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a04b\" id=\"a04b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Although there is now widespread recognition of the possibilities offered by open data, we are still at the early stages of understanding how best to use it. This is true not just of open data in a healthcare setting, but also a wide range of other settings and governance contexts. Policymaking is often easier than policy implementation: it is one thing to say what \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">should \u003C/em>be done, and quite another to know \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">how \u003C/em>to do it. In addition, even when we know how to implement a policy, it is often challenging to measure the impact of that policy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9dd1\" id=\"9dd1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A large part of the problem — a problem we seek to address in this section — stems from the fact that we lack a conceptual vocabulary to describe open data interventions. As Francis Fukuyama, writing on the poor state of assessing governance worldwide, put it in a recent paper: “[W]e cannot measure what we cannot adequately conceptualize, we have to start with the concept first.\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">”\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9645\" id=\"9645\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A conceptual framework can be understood as a theory of change, or a logic model, that helps us understand what specific interventions or actions are needed to achieve a desired outcome. It establishes metrics to measure, and a methodology to achieve, success. It does so by establishing the parameters and components of any intervention, allowing us to test assumptions, identify the relationships among resources available for an intervention, and establish the activities necessary to achieve a particular goal.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"65c3\" id=\"65c3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The logic model we have developed for the NHS is illustrated in Figure 2, and described more fully below. Its key components and the logical chain it establishes can be explained as follows:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d7be\" id=\"d7be\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">The use of certain kinds of inputs and data (INPUTS: OPEN DATA), by certain kinds of users (USERS), for certain kinds of activities (ACTIVITIES), will achieve certain outputs (OUTPUTS) and outcomes (INDICATORS) that indicate impact (IMPACT). Specific methodologies (METHODOLOGIES) will be used to collect and measure indicators, helping to assess impact.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4ee1\" id=\"4ee1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In developing this conceptual framework, we were guided by two overriding principles, each of which is central to a successful implementation of open data by the NHS:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"2be7\" id=\"2be7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017\u0017Focus on results, determining impact and effectiveness. We want to allow for clear attribution of outcomes resulting from the use of open health data.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a02c\" id=\"a02c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u0017Architect metrics into design, embedding them from the outset for systematic use at each stage of the open data management cycle: planning, implementation, monitoring, reporting, and evaluation.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cfigure name=\"8066\" id=\"8066\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*QAmfMSAKsddr8-XnhGwiUg.png\" data-width=\"608\" data-height=\"744\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*QAmfMSAKsddr8-XnhGwiUg.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"2b35\" id=\"2b35\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--figure\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"36f4\" id=\"36f4\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*USxQ4D9bTkgMTcC2HAqTRg.png\" data-width=\"764\" data-height=\"796\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*USxQ4D9bTkgMTcC2HAqTRg.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch4 name=\"5954\" id=\"5954\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--figure\">III.2. Inputs: What open data set was used?\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"783a\" id=\"783a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c729\" id=\"c729\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">At the core of our conceptual framework lies the data that is accessed and used. This data (and more generally the set to which it belongs) will determine the extent and quality of openness, and by extension will set the boundaries of what can be achieved through greater transparency.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f4ca\" id=\"f4ca\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As a reminder, we have suggested that there are several categories of data within the NHS, and that data should be seen as existing on a spectrum of “accessibility.” At one end of the spectrum, there is \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">open health data\u003C/strong>, which can be accessed directly by anyone through data portals such as\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data.gov.uk \u003C/em>and the Health and Social Care Information Centre (HSCIC) found at \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Hscic.gov.uk. \u003C/em>Such data is focused on financial and statistical data for individual NHS departments and hospitals, trusts, and CCGs, and is available in .CSV format. Open data provided through the HSCIC includes information such as prescription data, the number of patients registered at GP practices, and audits of chronic disease prevalence such as cancer and diabetes. Open data is all data published under the transparency agenda, and the Open Government License.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"df2b\" id=\"df2b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We also described a category of data called \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">“restricted” \u003C/strong>data. For instance, certain forms of patient-centred data are offered through the NHS Choices website and other NHS sites, but is not provided in fully downloadable format. Restricted health data is also frequently available to researchers and other organizations upon request, and upon receipt of a fee. The key difference between restricted and fully open data is that the latter is available in fully-downloadable format, whereas the former must be requested through \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">HSCIC.gov.uk.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bf14\" id=\"bf14\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">For the purposes of the conceptual framework, we include only open data. However, when examining the impact of open data, there exist several other conditions and standards that determine what kinds of data can be included within our framework:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"cc8e\" id=\"cc8e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">1) Formats\u003C/strong>: In order to be considered open, data should be published in a standard format, without proprietary conditions, be machine readable, fully downloadable and available online.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9831\" id=\"9831\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">2) Legal: \u003C/strong>Open health data should conform to the European Union Data Protection Directive 1998 (DPA), the Public Records Ac 1958 the Access to Health Records Act 1990, and the Access to Medical Reports Act 1988. Since not all open health data concerns medical records, such as financial records of NHS bodies, the Freedom of Information Act 2000 that created a public “right of access” to information held by public authorities is also relevant. These acts require the anonymization of most data, and, failing that, the setting of privacy safeguards for individuals, and the protection of identifiable data from disclosure to third parties. Records collected by the NHS will be anonymized by removing information such as names, and through a process of de-identification. Though patients must provide consent to the collection of their data under the acts, they can also choose to “opt- out” of data collection at a later point, further increasing their opportunities to protect their privacy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b504\" id=\"b504\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">TYPOLOGY\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"af1d\" id=\"af1d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A number of different types of open and restricted data are held and made available by the NHS. Different types of data will determine what kinds of activities and outcomes are possible. Therefore, when assessing the impact of open data, researchers should pay close attention to the type of data under consideration. Broadly, two different typologies can be identified:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6df1\" id=\"6df1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">TYPOLOGY 1: Internal Data\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1c1c\" id=\"1c1c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Following a survey of the open data available at the time of our analysis (on Data.gov.uk, HSCIC, NHS Choices, and the regional and local sites), we developed the following typology of “internal” data. Such data is less likely to be accessed by patients than by researchers, agencies, watchdog organizations or groups seeking to assess or audit the performance of the NHS. In this typology, we can include the following forms of data:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c38b\" id=\"c38b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">1) Financial Data: \u003C/strong>Financial data on NHS departments, regional trusts and CCGs, much of which can be found on \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data.gov.uk. \u003C/em>This data normally includes information on costs and spending, and is held in .CSV format.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ee36\" id=\"ee36\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">2) Administrative Data: \u003C/strong>Administrative data is available on NHS departments through \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Data.gov.uk\u003C/em>, and is available in .CSV format.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a4ec\" id=\"a4ec\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">3) Statistical/Diagnostic Data: \u003C/strong>The NHS frequently publishes statistics on chronic disease rates, preventable infections, and a wide range of other topics. Open health data, for instance, held in HSCIC.gov.uk’s archives (NHS Information Centre) includes statistics on a variety of issues including data quality, hospital care, illnesses and conditions, mental health, patient experience, prescribing, primary care services, public health, social care, workforce data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"12d0\" id=\"12d0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">4) Audits: \u003C/strong>The majority of data published under the Open Government License takes the form of audits on NHS departments and special divisions. In a transparency and open data letter to the Cabinet Ministers in July of 2011, Prime Minister David Cameron committed to making audit data available through the National Clinical Audit and Patient Outcomes Programme. These audits engage healthcare professionals across England and Wales in the systematic evaluation of their clinical practice standards, to support improvement in the quality of treatment and care.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e16e\" id=\"e16e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">TYPOLOGY 2: STREAMS OF HEALTH DATA\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6d93\" id=\"6d93\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Open health data includes information about a wide-range of players within the NHS system. Therefore, certain types of open health data are more focused on some groups than others. For example, audits place an emphasis on the quality of treatment and care provided by healthcare practitioners to their patients in cases of chronic diseases such as cancer and diabetes. To understand the impact of open health data, it is important to know the target of the data set that is being opened up by the NHS.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"0ae7\" id=\"0ae7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Open Health Data on Practitioners\u003C/strong>: Examples include doctors, administrators, midwives, nurses, etc.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ea49\" id=\"ea49\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Open Health Data on the System/Infrastructure: \u003C/strong>Examples include hospitals, clinics, equipment, and waiting times, etc.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"48fe\" id=\"48fe\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Open Health Data on Patients: \u003C/strong>Examples include diagnoses, prescribing rates, mortality rates, treatment options, etc.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"fd4a\" id=\"fd4a\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">III.3. Users: Who is using the data? What is their relationship to the NHS?\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"b159\" id=\"b159\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f2a0\" id=\"f2a0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">When assessing the impact of open data initiatives, researchers should identify both the user (or category of user, such as an organization), and its relationship to the NHS. Different users of data may have different criteria for determining the success of an activity or programme. In addition, different users — whether they are internal or external — may value some outputs over others, or may be solely interested in the impact or outcome of an open data initiative on their particular interest or sector. For this reason, it is also important that users themselves identify their particular areas of interest, and help determine their own set of indicators upon which to judge success.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ce92\" id=\"ce92\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">This report separates users into two broad categories, depending on their relationship to the NHS system:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5497\" id=\"5497\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">(1) Internal Users\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a30b\" id=\"a30b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Internal users are those who work within the health system, including healthcare providers, such as physicians, nurses, administrators, and other healthcare professionals, health funds (Trusts/CCGs), and other government agencies, such as the UK Department of Health and Ministry of Finance.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fdcf\" id=\"fdcf\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">(2) External Users\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2112\" id=\"2112\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">External users are those who interact with open data from a position that is partly or completely external to the NHS. This includes patients and members of the public, external supervisory and regulatory agencies (such as the Royal Society for Public Health), watchdog organizations such as media and citizen interest groups, businesses and commercial interest groups, academic researchers, and policy scholars.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"f2a2\" id=\"f2a2\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">III.4. Activities: How is data used?\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"95b3\" id=\"95b3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"75f5\" id=\"75f5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Ultimately, how and for what purposes data is used will determine the impact of an open data initiative. As illustrated by the logic model, users use open data and restricted data, possibly in conjunction with or independently of privately held data, and this use leads to specific outputs or results. Each unique activity (use) leads to its own measurable output indicator.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"25db\" id=\"25db\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Open data will be used for different purposes, depending on the position and intention of the user accessing the information. For instance, internal and external users might use the same data set for a different set of activities. An internal user (such as a NHS administrator or executive) could use open data for the purposes of benchmarking, hotspotting, or to compare performance against a standard in order to improve the quality of care. A user external to the NHS (such as a watchdog organization) could use the same data to compare actual health outcomes against the standards proposed by the NHS or the government. The primary uses of open data will be used to improve management practices within the NHS, as well as to improve policies geared towards public services. Though the activity may appear similar, the impact of the use is likely to be different. As open data is collected on an ongoing basis, the same dataset can be used to address a variety of problems, dependent on the needs of the researcher or organization. The internal user intends to improve efficiency within the NHS; the external user seeks to increase accountability.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"aebc\" id=\"aebc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A number of other possible uses for data exist. A more complete list can be found in Appendix VI. For our discussion here, the important point is that researchers seeking to understand the effectiveness of an open data initiative should always consider the use (or activity) for which data is accessed. Understanding use can help determine impact, and ultimately will guide our assessment of the success or failure of an initiative.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"bf27\" id=\"bf27\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">III.5. Outputs: What was the value produced by the open data initiative (activity)?\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"94d7\" id=\"94d7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"25f3\" id=\"25f3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Outputs are basic metrics of success in quantitative terms, such as the number of additional patients served, or the number of pounds saved. Outputs themselves are basic indicators of a sort, though they are tied very closely with the activity, or open data initiative. More high-level indicators are also needed to measure how well an initiative achieves the long-term goals of the NHS.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7fb3\" id=\"7fb3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">There are a number of examples of potential outputs. Referring to the example given in the \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Activities \u003C/strong>section (\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">III.4)\u003C/strong>, an output for an external user engaging in benchmarking might be the difference between a desired outcome and a measurement of the actual outcome. For instance, an administrator using open data to assess the rate of preventable in- hospital disease would consider the output to be the difference between the expected rate of preventable disease and the actual reported result. More examples of outputs are listed in the \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Appendix VII.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"2a02\" id=\"2a02\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">III.6. Indicators: To what end?\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"4888\" id=\"4888\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"579c\" id=\"579c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The selection of indicators and metrics is a value-based assessment based on the desired outcomes of the NHS. A metric can be thought of as a numerical unit of measurement, such as number or percent of increase or decrease, while an indicator is a metric that is tied to one or more targets, such as an outcome like rates of premature mortality. Open data initiatives target both the impact of open health data on metrics and indicators, as well as the role of open data in supporting the values and guidelines outlined here for the use of open data. To this end, measures and indicators are assessed with an eye towards how open data can help the NHS achieve the values of \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">accountability\u003C/em>, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">efficiency\u003C/em>, \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">choices, outcomes, customer service, \u003C/em>and\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">innovation and economic growth.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"437e\" id=\"437e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Indicators build on outputs\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">, \u003C/em>or basic measures of success for any given activity undertaken through the use of open health data. They are generally short-term indicators that can determine whether an activity led to a desired result. More high-level indicators make use of these outputs to determine whether the activities led to any long-term changes within the NHS system.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2c58\" id=\"2c58\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">An indicator is therefore the result of an output. For instance, an indicator can be a decrease in premature patient mortality, a decrease in the average hospital stay, or a decrease in hospital spending (the output would be the absolute number or percentage pertaining to mortality, hospital stays, and spending). Indicators are essential for researchers seeking to assess the impact of open health data — they provide information on success or failure, and help us understand the extent to which any programme has achieved its stated goals. More examples of indicators can be found in \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Appendix VIII.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"fa5d\" id=\"fa5d\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">III.7. Methodologies to Measure Impact: According to what measure?\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"a7a0\" id=\"a7a0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e5f6\" id=\"e5f6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Once indicators have been established, data can be collected using a number of different methodologies. These include, for instance, direct observation, questionnaires, document review, focus groups, interviews, and an analysis of administrative data. Ultimately the method used will depend on the specific programme, and on the desired outcome.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"64b2\" id=\"64b2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">THREE CATEGORIES OF MEASUREMENT:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3a1e\" id=\"3a1e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Traditionally, there are three broad categories of research design to evaluate societal intervention programmes:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"720d\" id=\"720d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">1) Experimental designs\u003C/em>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">: \u003C/strong>Researchers randomly assign one group of people to be participants and another group to be non-participants, and compare results between the two groups to establish the effect of the programme. Experimental designs are commonly referred to as randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and are considered the most rigorous research methodology.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3ffd\" id=\"3ffd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">There are many examples of potential experimental designs. For example, researchers might be interested in finding out whether an awareness of hospital waiting times affects whether or not patients visit a hospital in their locality. After obtaining a list of people who wished to take part in the programme, they could randomly assign the participants to two groups. The experimental group would differ from the control group \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">only \u003C/em>in that they had access to information about hospital wait times. Researchers would then observe whether the two groups differed in their visits to local hospitals, and the results would provide an indication about the impact and potential usefulness of releasing data about hospital wait times. Similar experiments can be designed for a range of other situations, all designed to measure differences in behavior, impact or outcomes as a result of access to open data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8d25\" id=\"8d25\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">2) \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Quasi-experimental \u003C/em>designs may use groups of “participants” who have not officially signed up for an experiment or programme, or may consider a single group, measuring the effects before and after that group has access to data. Quasi-experimental designs may also differ from experimental designs in that participants in the programme and comparison group are \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">not\u003C/em>randomly assigned; rather, a comparison group may be selected after a programme group has been established. This technique is less rigorous because there is no certainty that the two groups are comparable across all characteristics. For example, those who choose to sign up for a waiting times application may be more technologically savvy, and may have other obligations, such as inflexible work schedules or childcare, that would at least partially determine their actions within the programme.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4e19\" id=\"4e19\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">3) \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Non-experimental \u003C/em>techniques, considered the least rigorous method for measuring programme success, may involve a single survey delivered after a programme, in order to gain descriptive information.142 Non- experimental techniques are less effective in establishing causality. For example, researchers using a design survey evaluating the effectiveness of open data internally within the NHS will not be able to conclusively determine whether an increased efficiency resulted from the open data, or from other organizational practices.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c910\" id=\"c910\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">MIXED METHODS APPROACH\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a948\" id=\"a948\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To study the impact of open data, it may be best to employ a combination of the three approaches described above. Frequently used in the social sciences, this combination is referred to as a \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">mixed methods \u003C/em>approach, a mix of qualitative and quantitative research design. This approach can be taken when there are a number of data streams available, each with their own limitations. In the case of open data, a quantitative variable could be data download rates. When combined with qualitative data, such as a user survey held on the site with the relevant dataset, researchers seeking to evaluate the effectiveness of a particular dataset can learn more from users about the purpose of use for the data, the effectiveness of the presentation of data, and other information dependent upon the research questions being posed. Given that most research studying the impact of open data will be conducted in a complex social environment, rather than an enclosed controlled setting, a mixed method approach can be used to increase both the validity and reliability of the data being collected.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"febd\" id=\"febd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">There are four major types of mixed methods design:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5bc1\" id=\"5bc1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">1) Triangulation: \u003C/strong>Merging qualitative and quantitative methods, such as in the example provided above.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"da26\" id=\"da26\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">2) Embedded: \u003C/strong>Using either quantitative or qualitative methods to answer a research question within a largely quantitative or qualitative study. For instance, this can include the use of interview techniques to make sense of a portion of quantitative data, to gain a deeper understanding of quantitative indicator that was being measured.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"80c6\" id=\"80c6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">3) Explanatory: \u003C/strong>Using qualitative data to help explain or elaborate upon quantitative results.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"841e\" id=\"841e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">4) \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Exploratory: \u003C/strong>Using quantitative data to test or to explain a relationship that has been found through qualitative methods.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9b38\" id=\"9b38\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Possible Tools: \u003C/strong>A variety of tools exist to conduct all three forms of research — experimental, quasi-experimental, and non- experimental that can be used in a mixed methods approach. A non-exhaustive list includes the following:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bb3a\" id=\"bb3a\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">A) Data Collection Methodologies:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4617\" id=\"4617\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">1) Surveys/Questionnaires: \u003C/strong>Both a quantitative and a qualitative measure that can be used to determine outcomes such as patient satisfaction, use of data to determine treatment options, and choice in services. They can include both close-ended questions or open-ended questions that can be transformed into quantitative data. Surveys can also be used to assess the effectiveness of an open data programme at the level of healthcare administrators and professionals.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b1eb\" id=\"b1eb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">2) Site Analytics and Download Rates\u003C/strong>: Quantitative measures that can be used to determine the effectiveness of open data. Part of the impact of open data can be determined solely through the number and types of individuals who access it.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"38e0\" id=\"38e0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">3) Other Numerical Data\u003C/strong>: Insight can be gained from budgetary information from before or after the introduction of an open data programme, or other performance measures such as items produced, patients seen, wait times, prescribing rates, diagnoses, and other relevant measures.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"12a5\" id=\"12a5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">4) Content Analysis: \u003C/strong>Researchers examining the impact of open health data through the frequency of citations should score the reports, applications, and entrepreneurial activities in relation to the six Open Data value propositions outlined above (Part II). The more mentions of accountability, efficiency, choices, outcomes, customer service/patient satisfaction, and innovation/economic growth, the higher the score. Special attention should be paid to evidence suggesting that open data had real-world impact and was used to achieve one of these value propositions.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"979c\" id=\"979c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">a) Number of media and academic mentions of open data\u003C/strong>: The impact of open data can be partially determined by the extent to which it is used or referred to in academic and media reports.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a971\" id=\"a971\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">b)Number of Open Data Sets Mentioned in Grant Applications and Policy Proposals: \u003C/strong>The impact of open health data can also be seen in the number of citations in grant applications and policy proposals, especially those that could lead to change in government transparency and accountability, social equality, healthcare reform, and other similar initiatives.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a6c5\" id=\"a6c5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">c) Number of Open Data Sets Used in Entrepreneurial and Business Activities\u003C/strong>: In addition, the impact of open data can be assessed through its usage in the development of new products, services, and applications.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d59b\" id=\"d59b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">B) Qualitative Methodologies:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"ab62\" id=\"ab62\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">1) Interviews: \u003C/strong>Can be either structured or semi-structured (or a combination of the two), and can be used to gain a deeper understanding of the view of the participants of an open data programme, or users of open data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e82d\" id=\"e82d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">2) Observation/Focus Groups: \u003C/strong>To evaluate the effectiveness of open data programmes, it may be useful for researchers to enter into departments or organizations using open data to observe participants in their use of open data, to evaluate its use and effectiveness in context.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"219d\" id=\"219d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">3) \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Interpretive Methods: \u003C/strong>There are a variety of interpretive methods that can be used by researchers to gain a deeper understanding of the impact of open data. Included within this (but not limited to) are critical studies, legal interpretive analysis, historical analysis, and policy analysis.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c7e5\" id=\"c7e5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">C) Other Methodologies:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b118\" id=\"b118\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">1) Design Science: \u003C/strong>A method normally employed in engineering and computer science, design science is increasingly being integrated into information systems research. Researchers use the act of design (such as a web application) as an opportunity for theory-testing and building. Researchers identify a problem, define their objectives for a solution, design a product or program to address the problem and lead to the solution, and then evaluate the program in use, noting the observed results from those that were intended. This method should be used in conjunction with many of the data collection or qualitative methods described above.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c608\" id=\"c608\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">2) Computational Social Science: \u003C/strong>A burgeoning interdisciplinary field that studies complex social systems through computational modeling and related techniques Computational approaches can include (but are not limited to) social network analysis, social geospatial modeling (GIS) methods, and automated content analysis.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a7be\" id=\"a7be\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">It should be stated that open data is itself changing the way research is conducted, leading to new methodologies and new forms and sources of data. Traditionally, social sciences research has relied on data that is collected one time, which is often self-reported by research participants through the use of surveys and interviews. Data has expanded opportunities for both quantitative and qualitative data in the social sciences, offering access to content-related information such as anonymized emails, public forums, and search records, as well as quantitative information that can enable social scientists to analyze macro trends. In addition, greater use of data and new technologies increases the potential for data collected over a period of time, possibly as the result of a series of interactions with the researcher, thus making it easier to make comparisons across weeks and months and even years. In these ways and many others, open data is pushing at the boundaries of research methodologies; this process has just begun, and is likely to lead to many new and innovative methodologies.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c23d\" id=\"c23d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Recommendations for Building Metrics-into-Design\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d66d\" id=\"d66d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">To increase the ease and effectiveness of research programmes studying the impact of open data, it may be useful to consider what metrics or incentives can be built into the design of sites housing open data. In light of the tools listed above, the following recommendations can be made:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"d366\" id=\"d366\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Standardize the citation of your open dataset. \u003C/strong>Ask that users of open data cite the dataset in a particular way that will enable researchers to find examples of its use. Though normally employed only in academic research, encourage users of open data, such as regulators, or entrepreneurs to be transparent about their use of open data on their website, including a link back to the open dataset whenever possible.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"334e\" id=\"334e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Build surveys into the download design, and incentivize users to fill these out before downloading. \u003C/strong>Though it is not feasible to require the completion of a survey prior to the downloading of data, government agencies can incentivize survey completion. One way this can be done is through offering users of open data an email alert to notify them when new data becomes available.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1f4f\" id=\"1f4f\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Encourage open data users to be transparent about their research method to facilitate reproducibility. \u003C/strong>Ask that users of open data clearly report their research method when using open datasets. Include on your site a set of guidelines for the reporting of research design when publishing their results, and emphasize that open data users should be open about the dataset they have used, the analytic techniques they have employed, and the other methodologies they have used to triangulate their research.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"8718\" id=\"8718\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u0017 \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Can randomized controlled trials (RCTs) be used to evaluate policy?\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8b61\" id=\"8b61\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">A recent report published by the UK Cabinet Office’s Behavioural Insights Team advocates for using an old methodology to reinvigorate the testing of public policy interventions. Long established as a tool in science and medicine, the authors of the report argue that randomized control trials (RCTs) should also be used to test the effectiveness of policies implemented in the UK.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"18f9\" id=\"18f9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">According to the report, new policy interventions should be evaluated using evidence from RCTs to determine whether or how a policy or intervention is working within a community. The RCTs would compare the intervention with control groups that were not exposed to the same condition, using this comparison to eliminate potential bias or confounding variables that could influence policy effectiveness (such as general economic conditions at the time of implementation).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"822b\" id=\"822b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Using RCTs in policy programmes enables researchers to develop counterfactual conditions, comparing old and new policies, and gaining insight into what might occur if policy interventions are implemented. These conditions will help to determine the cost effectiveness of intervention programmes, and to assure citizens that public money is being spent on policies that have been proven to deliver value for the cost.\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"5b4b\" id=\"5b4b\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">III.8. Impact: To add what value to the NHS and the UK as a whole? \u0017\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"9577\" id=\"9577\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"be62\" id=\"be62\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The six value propositions outlined in II.1 should be used to guide discussion and evaluation regarding the impact of any open data programme. Occasionally, an open data programme can achieve multiple impacts. For instance, a programme using comparative data across hospitals to increase accountability may also increase efficiency. Researchers examining the impact of any open data initiative should consider whether the initiative achieved one or more of the following six aims:\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2e0c\" id=\"2e0c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">1) Accountability: \u003C/strong>Opening comparative data on health outcomes will ensure that physicians and hospitals are held accountable for unwarranted variation (for example, in the use of certain medical procedures) shown in the data.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"3968\" id=\"3968\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Political: \u003C/strong>Improved transparency and accountability in terms of reaching desired outcomes for public health.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4ac4\" id=\"4ac4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Economic: \u003C/strong>Improved accountability and transparency in spending, cost, waste, and fraud.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6d14\" id=\"6d14\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Participatory/Citizen Involvement: \u003C/strong>Increasing public participation in healthcare services.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"cc23\" id=\"cc23\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Organizational: \u003C/strong>Internal NHS objectives are met with regard to patient outcomes.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"0225\" id=\"0225\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">2) Efficiency: \u003C/strong>Connected information for integrated care as well as electronic records will accelerate data- sharing practices and reduce unnecessary duplications in care.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"c722\" id=\"c722\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Operational: \u003C/strong>Improving the speed at which patients are processed, treated, and discharged.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1217\" id=\"1217\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Economic: \u003C/strong>Decreasing the costs associated with each hospital or service by comparing open data across regional and local contexts.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"abad\" id=\"abad\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Communication and Technology: \u003C/strong>Identifying spots in the healthcare system where communication needs to be improved both internal to the system, and external in terms of reaching the broader public.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b921\" id=\"b921\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Treatment: \u003C/strong>Determining which treatments work effectively, and for which populations.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b713\" id=\"b713\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Resource allocation: \u003C/strong>Determining where and when services are needed most.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ba5d\" id=\"ba5d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Outcomes: \u003C/strong>Determining whether an open data initiative has had an impact on outcomes, and particularly whether this impact is in line with expected or desired outcome goals set within the NHS.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"7304\" id=\"7304\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">3) Choice: \u003C/strong>Open data on patient experience and health outcomes will allow patients to seek out the services that best meet their individual healthcare needs. Furthermore, increased access to health data will allow patients to choose between providers and treatments, both of which will drive patient satisfaction and quality improvements.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"a5f1\" id=\"a5f1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Variety: \u003C/strong>Increasing the amount of information available to patients for their decision-making.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"205e\" id=\"205e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Quality: \u003C/strong>Increasing the quality, completeness, and timeliness of information provided to patients and the broader public to determine whether treatment is needed and/or available.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"6899\" id=\"6899\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">4) Outcomes: \u003C/strong>Publishing “outcomes data” drives competition between health-care professionals, which in turn can lead to quality improvements and innovation. Opening health data to analysts and researchers improves both the quality and consistency of evaluation.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"bade\" id=\"bade\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Health outcomes: \u003C/strong>Assessing whether the entire NHS, or its individual hospitals and regions, have achieved NHS health outcome measures.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6907\" id=\"6907\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Quality of treatments: \u003C/strong>Increasing the quality of treatment while achieving health outcomes.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"83f4\" id=\"83f4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Efficiency: \u003C/strong>Enabling hospitals and regions to compare their services and outcomes, to identify weak spots within their individual systems.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e882\" id=\"e882\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Resource allocation: \u003C/strong>Identifying high-risk patients, directing resources to high-need communities, in order to improve overall outcomes.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"d680\" id=\"d680\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">5) \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Customer service: \u003C/strong>Improving patient access to data and providing convenient customer-oriented services such as online appointment booking and prescription refills will enable the NHS to achieve world-class customer service and improve efficiency.\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"959d\" id=\"959d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Quality: \u003C/strong>Ensuring positive experiences of care between patient and physician, and between the patient and the general healthcare system.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6f49\" id=\"6f49\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Quantity of patients served: \u003C/strong>Decreasing wait times, and increasing the number of patients served through emergency services, general practitioners and specialists. Shorter wait-times for GPs and specialists\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"cb52\" id=\"cb52\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">6) \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Innovation and Economic Growth\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"0297\" id=\"0297\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Quantity: \u003C/strong>Increasing number of services provided, and increasing competition between different businesses and innovators.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"bba8\" id=\"bba8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Variety: \u003C/strong>Increasing the variability of new services and applications.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"55b6\" id=\"55b6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Labour: \u003C/strong>Increasing the number of individuals employed through the development of new services and applications.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b5f9\" id=\"b5f9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Economic\u003C/strong>: Increasing the amount of financing given to private sector initiatives that can benefit the healthcare system.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c1d3\" id=\"c1d3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Research\u003C/strong>: Ensuring that researchers are made aware of available data, and that it can contribute to their research programmes effectively.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"ae10\" id=\"ae10\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--li\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"396a\" id=\"396a\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*6t23GfSDXbwCd0iITe26oQ.png\" data-width=\"203\" data-height=\"160\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*6t23GfSDXbwCd0iITe26oQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch2 name=\"3043\" id=\"3043\" data-align=\"center\" class=\"graf graf--h2 graf-after--figure\">Part IV\u003C/h2>\u003Cp name=\"31df\" id=\"31df\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h2\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Ch2 name=\"fad6\" id=\"fad6\" data-align=\"center\" class=\"graf graf--h2 graf-after--p\">Building an Open Data Learning Environment (ODLE)\u003C/h2>\u003Cp name=\"f34f\" id=\"f34f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h2\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6f37\" id=\"6f37\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The preceding discussion has outlined the key value propositions for the implementation of open data as well as a conceptual framework that can help achieve (and measure) those value propositions. For the moment, the conceptual framework remains just that — a concept or theory. Future research and variations on this paper can help bridge the gap between theory and practice, and build on the conceptual framework to develop a series of specific recommendations and real-world activities that can help the NHS achieve its goals.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9677\" id=\"9677\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As a starting point towards this effort, we offer one specific recommendation in this section. We suggest that the NHS create an Open Data Learning Environment (ODLE), both to explore and develop potential applications of open health data, and to assess how effectively it is currently being used. As much as the NHS might intend or desire to open all its data, there do of course exist practical constraints. An ODLE can help prioritize which data to make open, and in what way. It serves as a foundation for future open data initiatives, guiding the NHS in its ongoing efforts to achieve greater transparency and the six value propositions outlined in this paper.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0e29\" id=\"0e29\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">In what follows we propose ten steps that can help in building such a learning environment. A variety of ways exist for each of these steps to be implemented; here, we outline a few pathways towards implementation.\u003C/p>\u003Col class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"95dd\" id=\"95dd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">BUILD AN OPEN DATA LEARNING CAPACITY AND CULTURE WITHIN THE NHS .\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003C/ol>\u003Cp name=\"fb7b\" id=\"fb7b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">To create a deeper understanding of the current and potential uses of open data, the NHS will need a commitment from leadership to institutionalize action and learning across its various open data projects and initiatives. Such a broad, comparative view will make it easier to determine what works and what doesn’t, and to use cross-programme insights to build a more effective institutional strategy. Importantly, each individual programme should be designed with this broader view in mind. Mechanisms to learn from individual programmes should be architected into the design of those programmes. Measuring impact should not be an afterthought; it must be considered up front at the design stage of every project.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f431\" id=\"f431\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Possible Pathways:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"8341\" id=\"8341\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Develop an NHS Open Data “Do and Learn Tank.” Unlike a traditional think tank, this would be structured to help launch new projects using lessons from existing programmes and initiatives and evaluate their results.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1d30\" id=\"1d30\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Set up an NHS Data Geek Squad to create a corps of volunteer data geeks and researchers from Britain’s best universities to work with open health data. This could be modeled on Datakind in the U.S., or on Code for America (although Code for America focuses its work city by city rather than by datasets).\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a552\" id=\"a552\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Connect research organizations already existing within the NHS, such as the NIHR.ac.uk, that are already examining the impact of open data.149\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c738\" id=\"c738\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Use prizes to stimulate new solutions to public problems using open health data, as the UK and U.S. governments have already begun doing.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"79b1\" id=\"79b1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Develop campaigns designed to promote data sharing, and raise awareness about the release of open datasets, their locations online, and their potential uses by the public.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6a9e\" id=\"6a9e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Set up an open health data academy that trains people to use open health data and measure its impact, using online learning, project-focused instruction, and mentoring.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"72c5\" id=\"72c5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Fund the creation of NHS open health data fellowships for students and graduates with compelling ideas and practical ways to implement them.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9aff\" id=\"9aff\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Develop an open health data mentor network to encourage and train new recruits and younger members of the NHS in the use of open data.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"754e\" id=\"754e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u0017 2) \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">ENGAGE THE PUBLIC IN DEFINING METRICS\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d28d\" id=\"d28d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Engage the public in defining metrics \u003C/strong>of success with regard to open data. The public also has valuable insights and lessons to contribute to this proposed ODLE. In addition, since all indicators and uses of data are inextricably linked with priorities and values — i.e., we measure what we care about — open data policies should reflect a larger social and political perspective. The NHS should therefore ensure that direct stakeholders (e.g., patients and providers) are included in decisions about open data and how it is used.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5b67\" id=\"5b67\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Possible Pathways:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"9a96\" id=\"9a96\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017Develop a citizens’ open health data panel (similar to Hackney’s online citizen panel) to review metrics on a regular basis.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"01fc\" id=\"01fc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Facilitate user-led design exercises to better understand how open data can support stakeholders’ work and ultimately improve people’s lives.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7ad4\" id=\"7ad4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Design and implement online mechanisms such as ratings and feedback tools to gauge public opinion and solicit insights from citizens.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"31fb\" id=\"31fb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Create a “Metrics Bank” of important indicators, with input from stakeholders, researchers, and experts in the field who have studied the relevant literature.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f228\" id=\"f228\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Prioritize the creation of an inventory of datasets by departments within the NHS, and invite experts to curate the datasets released to the public.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"e9b2\" id=\"e9b2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">3) STAY FOCUSED ON WHAT REALLY MATTERS .\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"998b\" id=\"998b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Too often, indicators used to measure open data only quantify the level of use (e.g., the number of datasets used or money saved). The metrics that really matter, however, are those that are focused on improving people’s health and lives. The NHS must not lose sight of these truly important metrics.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fe0b\" id=\"fe0b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Possible Pathways:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"1319\" id=\"1319\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Develop NHS Open Data Stories that will allow stakeholders to share how open data improved people’s lives in real time.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0fff\" id=\"0fff\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Use surveys, social media, and sentiment analysis to learn what dimensions of healthcare improvement are most important to the public, and ensure that success metrics and indicators capture those priorities.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"8691\" id=\"8691\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">4) DEVELOP A COMMON ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c813\" id=\"c813\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Develop a common assessment framework \u003C/strong>with partners in other sectors and other countries. As the NHS is developing a research agenda to measure the impact of open data, it is important to coordinate with other organizations, sectors and countries that are also designing analytical frameworks for the use of open data across sectors. This coordination is an essential part of developing an ODLE. Among other things, it will require participants to agree on definitions of key terms in the sector; make assessment methods comparable and context sensitive; assess and compare outputs, outcomes and impacts; and above all, limit duplication and pool efforts to reduce costs and generally enhance efficiency.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"81b5\" id=\"81b5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Possible Pathways:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"7179\" id=\"7179\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">Set up an annual meeting/listserv/monthly hangouts on open health data research to trade best practices and ideas.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a8d4\" id=\"a8d4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Create a directory (perhaps in wiki format) of other assessment frameworks across countries and sectors. Such a directory would also include a list of key contacts and organizations.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"fa14\" id=\"fa14\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Use online and offline meet-ups and other approaches to create a culture that encourages knowledge sharing and collaboration with other organizations.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"0ed4\" id=\"0ed4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">5) STAY FLEXIBLE AND ADAPTIVE IN MEASURING IMPACT .\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a434\" id=\"a434\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As the use of open data evolves and becomes more dispersed, the NHS will need to find a balance between a centralized measurement function (which sets measurement standards, aggregates data across programmes, and monitors data quality) and a more diffused structure that empowers users at different levels of the organization. Recent studies have shown that a mix of methodologies — e.g., quantitative, qualitative, randomized control trials, and other methods — is needed to evaluate new programmes that provide public goods. Ultimately, we must adopt an approach that does not rely on a single method but that selects the best of various methods.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fea5\" id=\"fea5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Possible Pathways:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"e276\" id=\"e276\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017Hold regular “What Works Camps” that connect various users and researchers.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4c26\" id=\"4c26\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Ensure that all metrics (especially those to measure use and impact) are categorized by different levels and can be analyzed separately.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0ccd\" id=\"0ccd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Continue ongoing research into new and existing approaches to impact measurement. This research effort should be considered a core part of the NHS open data programme.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"a159\" id=\"a159\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">6) SHARE WHAT IS LEARNED (INCLUDING FAILURES) WITH EVERYONE .\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"38de\" id=\"38de\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">The best way to learn and improve is from the NHS’ own efforts to work with open data. Failures and mistakes are in this regard as important as successes. By sharing what is learned on a regular basis, the NHS can ultimately enhance the way open data is used.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"21e1\" id=\"21e1\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Possible Pathways:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"0cb8\" id=\"0cb8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017Develop visualizations of how open data has made an impact — for example, through maps that show changes in healthcare quality, efficiency, or cost in different geographical areas.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f85d\" id=\"f85d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Develop an Open Health Data 10 — a listing of the ten most impactful uses of open health data.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2d6a\" id=\"2d6a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Consider wikis, seminars and other means for stakeholders within the NHS to share stories and experiences with open data.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"f5f9\" id=\"f5f9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">7) BUILD A RESEARCH NETWORK AND EXPERT NETWORK\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"10eb\" id=\"10eb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Build a research network and expert network \u003C/strong>to build capacity quickly and broker debate around methodology and findings. Understanding the best knowledge and thinking in the field will be key in all stages of the research cycle to assess the impact of NHS open data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a8bb\" id=\"a8bb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Possible Pathways:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"16c5\" id=\"16c5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017Hold an annual summit to exchange what has been learned, along with regular meet-ups.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5730\" id=\"5730\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Set up an NHS Open Data listserv.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a05c\" id=\"a05c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Consider establishing an external advisory or consulting board of experts to whom the NHS can turn for advice and guidance.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"e8ee\" id=\"e8ee\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">8) DEVELOP OPEN HEALTH DATA ECOLOGY MAP\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5eb5\" id=\"5eb5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Develop open health data ecology map \u003C/strong>, including a dictionary of all open health data sets in the NHS along with the variety of uses and users. This map should include visualizations and other graphical representations to fully represent how open data is being accessed and used within the NHS.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7f10\" id=\"7f10\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Possible Pathways:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"36ed\" id=\"36ed\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017Develop a conceptual map of users, uses and impact.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"449a\" id=\"449a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Develop a site inventorying all available datasets within the NHS, making it easy for users to access datasets from a variety of online spaces and departments. \u0017\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a79a\" id=\"a79a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Develop a crowdsourced resource of innovative start-ups and new applications that use open health data.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"85d6\" id=\"85d6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">9) PUBLISH, INTEGRATE AND FINE-TUNE THE OPEN DATA CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"64ef\" id=\"64ef\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Publish, integrate and fine-tune the open data conceptual framework\u003C/strong>for feedback and improvement. The conceptual framework presented in this report is an attempt to guide the systematic review and study of the open data value chain. A framework, as we have noted, represents just a concept or theory. In order to bridge the gap between theory and practice, it is essential that various stakeholders participate in refining the framework. The framework must itself be responsive and flexible; its design must constantly be refined and implemented using the same level of transparency as embodied by the concept of open data.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6c26\" id=\"6c26\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Possible Pathways:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"b486\" id=\"b486\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017Develop an interactive version of the conceptual framework that can be annotated.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ffa1\" id=\"ffa1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Create an expert, online advisory network to vet and review the conceptual framework.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7ac3\" id=\"7ac3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Create channels for feedback and review by various stakeholders.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3b88\" id=\"3b88\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Research and evaluate similar frameworks used in other sectors or countries and build on insights or lessons learned.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7a01\" id=\"7a01\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Build on the Memorandum of Understanding between the United States’ HHS, and the NHS, and include impact assessment as a joint activity undertaken by these two countries.150\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"2f8b\" id=\"2f8b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">10) ENGAGE STAKEHOLDERS IN SHAPING THE OPEN HEALTH DATA PROGRAMME\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"eb19\" id=\"eb19\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">While the NHS’ release of open health data will benefit both public and private-sector entities, those benefits can be enhanced if the beneficiary entities can help participate in shaping the government’s open data programme. The NHS should engage key stakeholders on a regular basis to determine which datasets have the highest priority for them; what new datasets should be released as open data; and which open data collections are particularly easy or difficult to use.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6cc3\" id=\"6cc3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Possible Pathways:\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"b4f7\" id=\"b4f7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017\u0017 Set up a wiki, forum, or combination of online tools for stakeholders to provide this feedback.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2254\" id=\"2254\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Develop a subcommittee of the Open Data User Group to focus on health data specifically.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0d2a\" id=\"0d2a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Hold roundtables with different groups of stakeholders — health-related businesses, advocacy groups, and patient groups — to help shape government policy on the release of open health data.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"abfe\" id=\"abfe\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--li\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2e9c\" id=\"2e9c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--p\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"0269\" id=\"0269\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*6t23GfSDXbwCd0iITe26oQ.png\" data-width=\"203\" data-height=\"160\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*6t23GfSDXbwCd0iITe26oQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch2 name=\"efd4\" id=\"efd4\" data-align=\"center\" class=\"graf graf--h2 graf-after--figure\">Part V\u003C/h2>\u003Cp name=\"940e\" id=\"940e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h2\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Ch2 name=\"cd4d\" id=\"cd4d\" data-align=\"center\" class=\"graf graf--h2 graf-after--p\">Conclusion\u003C/h2>\u003Cp name=\"1ac9\" id=\"1ac9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h2\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c710\" id=\"c710\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As the NHS continues its ambitious plans to release unprecedented amounts of data, it is clear that open data can have a powerful, transformative effect on how healthcare is delivered and consumed. This paper has outlined six key Value Propositions for data transparency and openness in a healthcare setting:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"13a6\" id=\"13a6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Accountability: \u003C/strong>Using data to hold healthcare organizations and providers accountable for treatment outcomes.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7d01\" id=\"7d01\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Choice: \u003C/strong>Providing open data to help patients make informed choices from among the healthcare options available to them.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b3c0\" id=\"b3c0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Efficiency: \u003C/strong>Improving the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of healthcare delivery.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7e9a\" id=\"7e9a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u0017\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Outcomes: \u003C/strong>Improving treatment outcomes by using open data to make the results of different treatments, healthcare organizations, and providers’ work more transparent.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e077\" id=\"e077\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Customer service: \u003C/strong>Using open data to educate patients and their families and make healthcare institutions more responsive. \u0017\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f483\" id=\"f483\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">Economic growth and innovation: \u003C/strong>Using open data to fuel new healthcare companies and initiatives and to spur innovation.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"905f\" id=\"905f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">As leaders in the open data movement, the NHS and more generally the United Kingdom are well-positioned to reap the benefits of these Value Propositions. These benefits can have powerful ripple effects on the broader economy. Yet as we have also argued, there are important challenges to be overcome, and choices to be made. The benefits and costs of open data must be weighed against those of other programs. Priorities must be established, especially at a time of constrained budgets. To borrow a phrase from the open source movement, open data is free not in the sense of free beer, but of air. Huge sums of money are involved in transitioning from a paper-based system to an open data universe with real time feeds. Cost-effective and efficient means of implementation need to be developed.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3e05\" id=\"3e05\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Implementation is critical, one of the most important challenges confronting the NHS. It is not enough just to know that data transparency has tremendous positive potential. We must also know how to maximize that potential, and how to overcome (or at least minimize) the risks that accompany it. Without a roadmap for implementation, the NHS — and the wider public — risks drowning in the “tsunami of data” that the government has promised.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"81c7\" id=\"81c7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Therefore, one of the central goals of this paper has been, precisely, to develop a roadmap for implementation of open data policies. We have outlined a conceptual framework, or logic model, that can help in this process. It breaks down the open data chain into seven component pieces: inputs, users, activities, outputs, outcomes, impacts, and methodologies. These seven components allow us to better analyze risks and opportunities, and to understand where (and how) an open data initiative might succeed or fail.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"4860\" id=\"4860\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Perhaps the most important contribution of a conceptual model is that it allows us to measure the impact of open data. For all the hype surrounding the field, it remains in fact nascent, dominated by unproven hypotheses and assumptions. The model presented here allows us to move beyond guesswork and into the realm of evidence-based policymaking. Importantly, the model allows us to continue gathering, analyzing and disseminating evidence about the \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">positive \u003C/em>impact of open data. The risks (e.g. to privacy) are real, and cannot be overlooked or minimized. But it is equally important, even as we acknowledge and seek to address these risks, that we continue to evaluate and better understand the tremendous positive potential of data transparency. Only such a positive agenda can help us design more effective open data policies.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"23d6\" id=\"23d6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Ultimately, a conceptual model remains just that — a concept, or theory, that will require further analysis and data in order to become fleshed out and more concrete. Towards that end, we have suggested that the NHS should foster and create what we call an Open Data Learning Environment (ODLE). An ODLE represents the first step towards operationalizing the conceptual model. If implemented, it can lead to a culture of learning and improvement across the NHS. It would encourage responsiveness, agility, and flexibility in the way the NHS designs and implements its open data initiatives. In a word, an ODLE would help the NHS \u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">learn \u003C/em>from its own failures and successes.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"a338\" id=\"a338\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We submit this paper in the same spirit of learning, responsiveness and flexibility. What we have included here is just an initial proposal — the outlines of a model, the beginnings of a system for evaluation and measurement. Much work (much research, much data collection, much analysis) remains to be done, and this work can and should be used to refine the conceptual framework we have presented.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"b983\" id=\"b983\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Part of this process of refinement also includes collecting and incorporating feedback from readers of this document. We very much look forward to your comments and suggestions. They will help improve our recommendations, and ultimately improve the way open data is collected, disseminated and used within the NHS.\u003C/p>\u003Ch2 name=\"6151\" id=\"6151\" class=\"graf graf--h2 graf-after--p\">APPENDICES\u003C/h2>\u003Cp name=\"8a0f\" id=\"8a0f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h2\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"1854\" id=\"1854\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Appendix I: The GovLab Open Data Index\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"a025\" id=\"a025\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5ee4\" id=\"5ee4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">VALUE AND IMPACT\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"d97c\" id=\"d97c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017Potential global value of open data estimated by McKinsey: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">$3 trillion annually.151\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0177\" id=\"0177\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Potential yearly value for the United States: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">$1.1 trillion.152\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0798\" id=\"0798\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Europe: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">$900 billion.153\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5911\" id=\"5911\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Rest of the world: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">$1.7 trillion.154\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"fcda\" id=\"fcda\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017How much the value of open data is estimated to grow per year in the European Union: 7\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">% annually.155\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"48c1\" id=\"48c1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Value of releasing UK’s geospatial data as open data: 13 \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">million pounds per year by 2016.156\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"97c6\" id=\"97c6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Estimated increase in GDP in England and Wales in 2008–2009 due to the adoption of geospatial information by local public services providers:\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">+£320m.157\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c763\" id=\"c763\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Estimated worth of business reuse of public sector data in Denmark in 2010: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">more than €80 million a year.158\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"38dc\" id=\"38dc\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Estimated worth of business reuse of public sector data across the European Union in 2010: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">€27 billion a year.159\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c46d\" id=\"c46d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Total direct and indirect economic gains from easier public sector information re-use across the whole European Union economy, as of May 2013: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">€140 billion annually.160\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b7ed\" id=\"b7ed\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Economic value of publishing data on adult cardiac surgery in the U.K., as of May 2013: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">£400 million.161\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"309c\" id=\"309c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Economic value of time saved for users of live data from the Transport for London apps, as of May 2013:\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">between £15 million and £58 million.162\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"05a5\" id=\"05a5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Average decrease in borrowing costs in sovereign bond markets for emerging market economies when implementing transparent practices (measured by accuracy and frequency according to IMF policies, across 23 countries from 1999–2002): 11\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">%.163\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4f0a\" id=\"4f0a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Open weather data supports an estimated \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">$1.5 billion \u003C/strong>in applications in the secondary insurance market — but much greater value comes from accurate weather predictions, which save the U.S. annually more than\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">$30 billion.164\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"6fd6\" id=\"6fd6\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Estimated value of GPS data: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">$90 billion.165\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"4fe8\" id=\"4fe8\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u0017 \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">EFFORTS AND INVOLVEMENT\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"0b02\" id=\"0b02\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017Number of U.S. based companies identified by the GovLab that use government data in innovative ways: 500\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0052\" id=\"0052\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Number of open data initiatives worldwide in 2009: 2.166\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"14b2\" id=\"14b2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Number of open data initiatives worldwide in 2013: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">over 300.167\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"21e3\" id=\"21e3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Number of countries with open data portals: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">more than 40.168\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"089c\" id=\"089c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Number of U.S. cities with Open Data Sites in 2013: 44.169\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ea52\" id=\"ea52\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017U.S. states with open data initiatives: 40.170\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ff4b\" id=\"ff4b\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Number of cities globally that participated in 2013 International Open Data Hackathon Day: 102.171\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"446c\" id=\"446c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Membership growth in the Open Government Partnership in two years:\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">from 8 to 59 countries,172\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"b43c\" id=\"b43c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Number of time series indicators (GDP, foreign direct investment, life expectancy, internet users, etc.) in the World Bank Open Data Catalog:\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">over 8,000.173\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d1cb\" id=\"d1cb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017How many of 77 countries surveyed by the Open Data Barometer have some form of Open Government Data Initiative: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">over 55%.174\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"67a2\" id=\"67a2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017How many OGD initiatives have dedicated resources with senior level political backing: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">over 25%.175\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"43c0\" id=\"43c0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017How many countries are in the Open Data Index: 70.176\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"ea62\" id=\"ea62\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017How many of the 700 key datasets in the Index are open: 84.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"927a\" id=\"927a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Number of countries in the Open Data Census: 77.177\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5ac8\" id=\"5ac8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017How many of the 727 key datasets in the Census are open: 95.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"7bb3\" id=\"7bb3\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Those who have machine-readable data available: 25\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">%.178\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"97dd\" id=\"97dd\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Top 5 countries in Open Data rankings: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">United Kingdom, United States, Sweden, New Zealand, Norway.179\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c4a8\" id=\"c4a8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017The different levels of Open Data Certificates a data user or publisher can achieve “along the way to world-class open data”: 4 \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">levels, Raw, Pilot, Standard and Expert.180\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5c47\" id=\"5c47\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017The number of data ecosystems categories identified by the OECD: 3\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">, data producers, infomediaries, and users.181\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"4e47\" id=\"4e47\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">EXAMINING DATASETS\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"701d\" id=\"701d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017How many datasets have been made open by governments worldwide:\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">more than 1 million.182\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4e9a\" id=\"4e9a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Number of datasets on the U.S. site data.gov: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">more than 90,000.183\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"42c8\" id=\"42c8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017How many released key datasets are truly open for re-use and can be used to hold government accountable, stimulate enterprise, and promote better social policy: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">fewer than 1 in 10.184\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0b53\" id=\"0b53\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Percentage of datasets published in both machine-readable forms and under open licenses: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">less than 7%.185\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"a3d1\" id=\"a3d1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017How many countries surveyed have formal data policies in 2013: 55\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">%.186\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"de96\" id=\"de96\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Number of datasets on the Australian government’s open data website that were found to be unusable: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">one-third.187\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"f124\" id=\"f124\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Number of financial datasets in the World Bank Open Data Catalog: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">over 850.188\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"877d\" id=\"877d\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017Out of 23 countries surveyed by Capgemini, those who share comprehensive data that includes both breadth and granularity: 22\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">%.189\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"c6aa\" id=\"c6aa\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Those who lacked enhanced search capabilities: \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">over 60%.190\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1241\" id=\"1241\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Countries who share data that is not regularly updated: 96\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">%.191\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3796\" id=\"3796\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Those who are not utilizing user participation capabilities: 87\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">%.192\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8343\" id=\"8343\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Average score of evidence of impact in 43 countries with some form of open data policy: 1.7 \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">out of 10.193 \u003C/strong>\u0017\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"60e2\" id=\"60e2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">Percentage of impact questions for which no evidence could be found: 45\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--li-strong\">%.194\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"39cf\" id=\"39cf\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">Appendix II: Open Data Definitions \u0017\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"e2f0\" id=\"e2f0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"01b5\" id=\"01b5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">1. Open Definition\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"67f9\" id=\"67f9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">(referenced by Open Data Handbook, ODI, Open Data Census, and OECD Open Data Analytical Framework)195 \u003C/em>“Open data is data that can be freely used, reused and redistributed by anyone — subject only, at most, to the requirement to\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5d95\" id=\"5d95\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">attribute and share-alike.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d61b\" id=\"d61b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">2. The White House, 2013 OMB Memorandum196 \u003C/strong>“Open data refers to publicly available data structured in a way that enables the data to be fully discoverable and usable by end users.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"33b5\" id=\"33b5\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">3. Data.Gov.UK197 \u003C/strong>“Open data is data that is published in an open format, is machine readable and is published under a license that allows for free reuse.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bc47\" id=\"bc47\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">4\u003C/strong>. \u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Dbpedia: A nucleus for a web of open data198 \u003C/strong>“Open data is the idea that certain data should be freely available to everyone to use and republish as they wish, without\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"6663\" id=\"6663\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">restrictions from copyright, patents or other mechanisms of control.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c759\" id=\"c759\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">5. Open Data Institute199 \u003C/strong>“Open data is information that is available for anyone to use, for any purpose, at no cost. Open data has to have a license that says it is open data. Without a license, the data can’t be reused. These principles for open data are described in detail in the Open Definition.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e7bb\" id=\"e7bb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">6. LinkedGov200\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"7d67\" id=\"7d67\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Open data is non-personally identifiable data produced in the course of an organization’s ordinary business, which has been released under an unrestricted license. Open public data is underpinned by the philosophy that data generated or collected by organizations in the public sector should belong to the taxpayers, wherever financially feasible and where releasing it won’t violate any laws or rights to privacy (either for citizens or government staff).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"c7d9\" id=\"c7d9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">7. McKinsey Global Institute201 \u003C/strong>“Machine-readable information, particularly government data, that’s made available to others. These open datasets share the following 4 characteristics:\u003Cbr>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Accessibility: \u003C/strong>A wide range of users is permitted to access the data.\u003Cbr>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Machine readability: \u003C/strong>The data can be processed automatically.\u003Cbr>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Cost: \u003C/strong>Data can be accessed free or at negligible cost.\u003Cbr>\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Rights: \u003C/strong>Limitations on the use, transformation, and distribution of data are minimal.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8f77\" id=\"8f77\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">8. Open Data Now202 \u003C/strong>“Open Data is accessible public data that people, companies, and organizations can use to launch new ventures, analyze patterns and trends, make data-driven decisions, and solve complex problems.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"d928\" id=\"d928\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">9. Open Data Barometer203 \u003C/strong>Excerpt from report indicates that researchers assessed datasets based on the “full Open Definition requirements of being machine readable, accessible in bulk, and openly licensed.”\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"631d\" id=\"631d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--p\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"2aca\" id=\"2aca\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*-aIa-qV5-o9LFOX8E_5HRw.png\" data-width=\"687\" data-height=\"907\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*-aIa-qV5-o9LFOX8E_5HRw.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"f74d\" id=\"f74d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--figure\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"410b\" id=\"410b\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Appendix III: Open Data and Big Data\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"5041\" id=\"5041\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5a69\" id=\"5a69\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Open health data exists within a broader context. Big data taxonomies explain the relationship between open data and other types of data such as personal data. One example distills data into categories based on control: Open data commons, personal and proprietary data, and government secret data.204 Categories within big data tend to overlap, signifying that in practice insights can be found by using each type in combination with one another.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"593f\" id=\"593f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*9V6kkTopaajWu8RPBxi22g.png\" data-width=\"647\" data-height=\"415\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*9V6kkTopaajWu8RPBxi22g.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"bcc4\" id=\"bcc4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">In his book, Joel Gurin fills in the overlapping combinations among big, government, and open data, all of which could fall in one of the three major categories below. For example, big data may not be open data and vice versa, which would then fall into personal or proprietary data or government secret data, depending on the source of control.\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"2684\" id=\"2684\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*l5G4vntOiHK9vnXQRZqkxw.png\" data-width=\"777\" data-height=\"530\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*l5G4vntOiHK9vnXQRZqkxw.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"cd68\" id=\"cd68\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Further, big, open, non-governmental data and big, open, governmental data both fall within the Open Data Commons, as openness is their defining factor. For the purposes of this paper, big data will be compiled into the three control-based categories here.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"9c71\" id=\"9c71\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Open Data Commons are made available to all with very little or no limitations on use. Most commons have been developed to help monitor the performance of specific policies. Pentland, et al explain that big data holds significant opportunity for the development of many more commons, which can be captured without human intervention and as a byproduct of other activities. Existing commons include geo-located and time-stamped statistics about aggregate costs, health outcomes and behaviors (e.g., mobility, smoking, drinking, crime, accidents).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0b35\" id=\"0b35\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Open Government Data \u003C/em>is the most important and promising subcategory of open data, and is released by the government for anyone’s use. Whether classified under the umbrella of big data or not, it can have a major impact when released. Examples include weather, census and GPS data, as well as agency or departmental data that helps people use city services like public buses or health clinics.205\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"0b9e\" id=\"0b9e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Personal and Proprietary Data are intrinsically more restrictive, as they are controlled by individuals or companies and require more stringent infrastructure, use, and auditing controls. They include digital breadcrumbs (mobility, call, and purchasing patterns, etc.), personal annotations about eating, subjective variables, and standard health data (temperature, glucose, genomic, etc.).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"89e3\" id=\"89e3\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Government Secret Data typically includes private data such as tax data, detailed census and expenditure data, detailed healthcare system costs, and individual performance ratings. It is kept secret under the assumptions that the government is protecting the public and these types of information would be damaging if they were made public. Challenges arise with the collision of big data and health systems, as governments increase the amount of individual behavior data and other personal information.206\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"b168\" id=\"b168\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Appendix IV: Interviews\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"bec7\" id=\"bec7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"dbd4\" id=\"dbd4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">John Billings, Director, NYU Wagner Graduate School of Public Service — Health Policy and Management Programme Beverly Bryant, Director of Strategic Systems and Technology, NHS England\u003Cbr>John Coulthard, Director Customer Relations, NHS England\u003Cbr>Emma Doyle, Head of Open Data and Transparency, NHS England\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"1a8e\" id=\"1a8e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Francois Grey, Head of Citizen Science, NYU Center for Urban Science and Progress Xanthe Hannah, Strategic Intelligence Projects Lead, NHS England\u003Cbr>Mark Headd, Chief Data Officer, City of Philadelphia\u003Cbr>James Hendler, Director, Rensselaer Institute for Data Exploration and Applications Cesar Hidalgo, Assistant Professor, MIT Media Lab\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"da7c\" id=\"da7c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Tim Kelsey, National Director for Patients and Information, NHS England Heather Kirkham, Senior Analyst, Walgreens\u003Cbr>Geraint Lewis, Chief Data Officer, NHS England\u003Cbr>Samantha Riley, Director of Insight, NHS Commissioning Board\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5d1e\" id=\"5d1e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Bryan Sivak, Chief Technology Officer, United States Department of Health and Human Services\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"e265\" id=\"e265\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Roger Taylor, Director of Research and Public Affairs, Dr Foster Intelligance and National Professional Advisor, Care Quality Commission\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"f4f7\" id=\"f4f7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">John Tolva, President, PositivEnergy Practice\u003Cbr>Ian Townsend, Strategic Intelligence Projects Lead, NHS England\u003C/p>\u003Ch4 name=\"7d11\" id=\"7d11\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\">Appendix V: Open Data in the NHS\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"9604\" id=\"9604\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"234d\" id=\"234d\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--p\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"9d09\" id=\"9d09\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*H3H7msL0pGfihyG2nNo5jA.png\" data-width=\"754\" data-height=\"817\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*H3H7msL0pGfihyG2nNo5jA.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cfigure name=\"eff9\" id=\"eff9\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--figure\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*-tGARUK6qGBkcEmFqkyqcQ.png\" data-width=\"750\" data-height=\"557\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*-tGARUK6qGBkcEmFqkyqcQ.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Ch4 name=\"3db2\" id=\"3db2\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--figure\">Appendix VI: Activities\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"ee7e\" id=\"ee7e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"5d16\" id=\"5d16\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Activities exist at the level of the open data initiative. As illustrated by the conceptual framework, users use open data and restricted data, possibly in conjunction with or independently of privately held data, which leads to specific outputs or results. Each unique activity leads to its own measurable output indicator.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"48da\" id=\"48da\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Open data will be used for different purposes, depending on the position and intention of the user accessing the information, and whether the activity is done internally (within the NHS and related departments), or externally (by media organizations, citizens, policymakers, or other researchers).\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3dcc\" id=\"3dcc\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Internal Activities and Outputs\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"51b0\" id=\"51b0\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Internal activities can include, but are not limited to:\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"5cb5\" id=\"5cb5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Benchmarking\u003C/em>: Comparing measures against a standard for the purposes of improving quality or level of care within the NHS system.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"1145\" id=\"1145\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Resource allocation and management\u003C/em>: Identifying where resources, such as emergency services, will be most useful at different times in varying locales, and decreasing wait times in various stages of the healthcare process.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e417\" id=\"e417\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Managing health information at the population level: \u003C/em>Tracking illnesses and disease to identify risk factors for members of the general population.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"2cb9\" id=\"2cb9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Analyzing diagnostics\u003C/em>: Assessing treatment methods and risk factors for various diseases, both treatable and chronic.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"bf6e\" id=\"bf6e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">External Activities and Outputs\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"fc20\" id=\"fc20\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Activities: Examples\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"d6d0\" id=\"d6d0\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Patient managing personal health information: \u003C/em>By collecting health data, patients can be given access to their own information, and compare it against desired healthcare outcomes.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3cfe\" id=\"3cfe\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Determining treatment options: \u003C/em>Given access to more open data, patients can determine which treatment options are available, and which have higher success or failure rates.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"d3a8\" id=\"d3a8\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Comparing and choosing services: \u003C/em>As part of the NHS Choices initiative, patients have the right to choose their doctor, choose their healthcare service providers, and make other healthcare decisions. Open health data can allow patients more access to information they need to make these choices.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"27ee\" id=\"27ee\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Researching disease and public health: \u003C/em>Open health data will make tracking diseases easier for the general population, and will enable them greater control over preventable illnesses that could affect them or their families.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"9eed\" id=\"9eed\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Developing programmes, products, and services (apps and online tools):\u003C/em>Businesses and outside commercial interests can use open data to develop applications that can be used by the general public or the healthcare industry.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"eb11\" id=\"eb11\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Benchmarking: \u003C/em>Citizens can use open data to compare actual healthcare outcomes against the standards proposed by the NHS in their policy frameworks.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"e5c4\" id=\"e5c4\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Advocating for better services\u003C/em>: Open health data can be used by watchdog agencies, external regulators, and citizen interest groups, to ensure that healthcare is being distributed with an eye towards guaranteeing equality across a variety of needs and interests in the general population.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"8f4d\" id=\"8f4d\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">Appendix VII: Outputs\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"b6df\" id=\"b6df\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"2c50\" id=\"2c50\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Outputs are the result of the open data initiative. They will vary depending on the purpose and type of activity, and are basic measures, such as number or percent of increase or decrease, that are produced out of open data activities.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"55e9\" id=\"55e9\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Outputs: Examples\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"2a7a\" id=\"2a7a\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Number of additional patients served (\u003C/em>post-open data use/application): By gathering data on resource allocation, the NHS can direct resources more effectively so as to serve more patients.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2b34\" id=\"2b34\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Number of pounds saved: \u003C/em>Using open data, resources can be allocated more effectively, waste can be tracked, and dollars can be saved or invested into new programmes.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"83ca\" id=\"83ca\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Number of patients using data tools for decision making (i.e. NHS Choices):\u003C/em>Open data can increase the amount of patient and public participation in decision-making for both individual health concerns, and to determine the direction of services.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"76c9\" id=\"76c9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Percent decrease contraction of preventable in-hospital disease (C-Diff): \u003C/em>Open data can be used to track the change in number of preventable infections in hospitals, enabling a comparison between rates between hospitals.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"bb44\" id=\"bb44\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Number of datasets accessed by NHS staff and other internal users: \u003C/em>The effectiveness of open data is in part determined by whether it is of use to both internal and external users.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"cdc7\" id=\"cdc7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Number of policies created/changed using insights gained from open data: \u003C/em>The real-world impact of open data can be measured in part based on its policy impact.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"0c32\" id=\"0c32\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">Outputs/Measures: Examples\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"0b82\" id=\"0b82\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Patient Satisfaction\u003C/em>: Patients should be given surveys to determine the impact of open data in determining their treatment, and choice of services.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"fbe2\" id=\"fbe2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Number of patients using data to determine treatment options/choice in services and providers: \u003C/em>Release of data should increase the amount of patient participation in their own treatment process.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"436e\" id=\"436e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Number of datasets accessed by external users\u003C/em>: Release of data should increase the amount of public participation in healthcare services by citizens, regulators, researchers, and other stakeholders and interest groups.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"5671\" id=\"5671\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Number of products created by private sector entities\u003C/em>: Release of data will increase the number of products, services and applications developed by businesses and other commercial interest groups.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"8f37\" id=\"8f37\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Number of datasets cited in academic articles or media reports\u003C/em>: Release of data will increase research in healthcare and other disciplines in the social sciences.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"4bfb\" id=\"4bfb\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Number of bills/legislation introduced or passed informed by open data insights\u003C/em>: Release of open data will increase the number of policy initiatives undertaken by policymakers and other scholars.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Ch4 name=\"6dde\" id=\"6dde\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--li\">Appendix VIII: Indicators\u003C/h4>\u003Cp name=\"0fab\" id=\"0fab\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--h4\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"8bb4\" id=\"8bb4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Indicators build on outputs, or basic measures of success for any given activity undertaken through the use of open health data. They are generally short-term indicators that can determine whether an activity led to a desired result. More high-level indicators make use of these outputs to determine whether the activities led to any long-term changes within the NHS system.\u003C/p>\u003Cp name=\"3305\" id=\"3305\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003Cstrong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Collective Indicators\u003C/em>: Examples\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"postList\">\u003Cli name=\"7a44\" id=\"7a44\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Decreasing patient mortality\u003C/em>: Release of data should be done with an eye towards improving healthcare outcomes, for example reduced premature mortality rates.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"61f1\" id=\"61f1\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Decrease average hospital stay\u003C/em>: Release of data should decrease average hospital stays by enhancing resource allocation and increasing treatment options.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"0b01\" id=\"0b01\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Decreasing spending in hospital\u003C/em>: Open data can be used to lower spending by ensuring that healthcare services are being used as intended, and that unnecessary treatments are performed less frequently.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"365e\" id=\"365e\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017I\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">ncrease/decrease in patients seen within a given time period (week, month, quarter/term) by specialists\u003C/em>: Release of data should be used to determine the optimal number of patients that can be seen by specialists in the NHS system.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"2438\" id=\"2438\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Staff productivity\u003C/em>: Open health data can be used to ensure that healthcare professionals are meeting goals and desired outcomes. Additionally, open data can be used to identify when and where extra staff is needed.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"62da\" id=\"62da\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Decrease in waste, fraud (number of dollars saved)\u003C/em>: The impact of open data will be seen by measuring cost and spending.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"02d2\" id=\"02d2\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Decrease in preventable disease and infections: \u003C/em>The impact of open data will be seen in a decrease in preventable diseases, if the data is used to communicate dangers and risk factors effectively, and if it is used to determine better treatment options.\u003C/li>\u003Cli name=\"3380\" id=\"3380\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0017\u003Cem class=\"markup--em markup--li-em\">Increase in patients using data to determine treatment and choice\u003C/em>: Surveys and site analytics should demonstrate that patients are using data to determine their treatment options and choice in services.\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp name=\"b844\" id=\"b844\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--li\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cfigure name=\"a07d\" id=\"a07d\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\u003Cimg class=\"graf-image\" data-image-id=\"1*eaxkzFVXMnx7kwktezBLgA.png\" data-width=\"664\" data-height=\"278\" src=\"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*eaxkzFVXMnx7kwktezBLgA.png\">\u003C/figure>\u003Cp name=\"5a15\" id=\"5a15\" class=\"graf graf--p graf--empty graf-after--figure graf--trailing\">\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\n",{},"/blogposts/the-open-data-era-in-health-and-social-care",{"title":3858,"description":3860},"the-open-data-era-in-health-and-social-care","blogposts/the-open-data-era-in-health-and-social-care","CsuMIsB-pKxNr6QRbj7IWkiQRI3X4V4LMpr57IG63oE",1781873984557]